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Afif Z, Eddy Santoso MI, Nurdiana, Khotimah H, Satriotomo I, Kurniawan SN, Sujuti H, Iskandar DS, Hakimah A. Effect of Centella asiatica ethanol extract on zebrafish larvae ( Danio rerio) insomnia model through inhibition of Orexin, ERK, Akt and p38. F1000Res 2024; 13:107. [PMID: 38812527 PMCID: PMC11135610 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.141064.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Insomnia is difficulty initiating or maintaining sleep for at least three nights a week or more and lasting for at least 3 months. One of the molecules that play a role in the circadian rhythm of arousal system is hypocretin/orexin. Orexin activates the p38-MAPK signaling pathway and increases phosphorylated ERK1/2 levels. Centella asiatica (CA) has a role in the signal work of the MAPK/ERK, Akt, and p38 path in many various diseases. Methods: The research method used is true laboratory experimental. The research approach used was randomized control group post-test only. Zebrafish embryos aged 0-7 dpf were used in this study. The treatment group consisted of 5 groups: normal, insomnia, insomnia + 2.5 μg/mL CA, insomnia + 5 μg/mL CA, and insomnia + 10 μg/mL CA. The locomotor motion of zebrafish larvae was observed using Basler cameras on days five-, six- and seven-day post fertilization (dpf), then analyzed by using Western Blot method. Results: The results proved that exposure to CA extract was able to reduce the expression of orexin (91963 ± 9129) and p38 (117425 ± 6398) as an arousal trigger in the sleep-wake cycle, with the most optimal concentration of CA 5 μg/mL. Exposure to CA extract was also able to reduce the expression of ERK (94795 ± 30830) and Akt (60113.5 ± 27833.5) with an optimum concentration of CA 2.5 μg/mL. Conclusion: Exposure to CA extract was able to improve the sleep activity of zebrafish larvae insomnia model by extending the total inactivity time ( cumulative duration) and shortening the duration of first sleep ( latency to first) in light and dark phases through inhibition of orexin, ERK, p38, and Akt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zamroni Afif
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Brawijaya, Dr Saiful Anwar General Hospital, Malang, Indonesia
- Doctoral Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, East Java, Indonesia
| | | | - Nurdiana
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Husnul Khotimah
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, East Java, Indonesia
| | | | | | - Hidayat Sujuti
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Dr Saiful Anwar General Hospital Malang, Malang, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Dheka Sapti Iskandar
- Master Program Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Annisatul Hakimah
- Master Program Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, East Java, Indonesia
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Lucien JN, Ortega MT, Shaw ND. Sleep and Puberty. CURRENT OPINION IN ENDOCRINE AND METABOLIC RESEARCH 2021; 17:1-7. [PMID: 35005296 PMCID: PMC8730357 DOI: 10.1016/j.coemr.2020.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In the 1970's, Boyar and colleagues made the seminal observation that during the early stages of puberty, there is a sleep-specific augmentation of pulsatile luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion. Building on this tantalizing association between sleep and the re-awakening of the neuro-reproductive axis, a number of investigators have since mapped the dynamic relationship between sleep and reproductive hormones across the pubertal transition. In this review, we focus on the complex, reciprocal relationship between sleep and reproductive hormones during adolescence as well as the potential effects of melatonin and orexin on gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) activity in children with chronic insomnia and narcolepsy, respectively. Given the important interaction between the reproductive and somatotropic axes during puberty, we end with a discussion of sleep and growth hormone (GH) secretion in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet N Lucien
- Pediatric Neuroendocrinology Group, Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS/NIH), Research Triangle Park, NC 27709
| | - Madison T Ortega
- Pediatric Neuroendocrinology Group, Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS/NIH), Research Triangle Park, NC 27709
| | - Natalie D Shaw
- Pediatric Neuroendocrinology Group, Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS/NIH), Research Triangle Park, NC 27709
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Van der Auwera P, Frooninckx L, Buscemi K, Vance RT, Watteyne J, Mirabeau O, Temmerman L, De Haes W, Fancsalszky L, Gottschalk A, Raizen DM, Nelson MD, Schoofs L, Beets I. RPamide neuropeptides NLP-22 and NLP-2 act through GnRH-like receptors to promote sleep and wakefulness in C. elegans. Sci Rep 2020; 10:9929. [PMID: 32555288 PMCID: PMC7303124 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-66536-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Sleep and wakefulness are fundamental behavioral states of which the underlying molecular principles are becoming slowly elucidated. Transitions between these states require the coordination of multiple neurochemical and modulatory systems. In Caenorhabditis elegans sleep occurs during a larval transition stage called lethargus and is induced by somnogenic neuropeptides. Here, we identify two opposing neuropeptide/receptor signaling pathways: NLP-22 promotes behavioral quiescence, whereas NLP-2 promotes movement during lethargus, by signaling through gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) related receptors. Both NLP-2 and NLP-22 belong to the RPamide neuropeptide family and share sequence similarities with neuropeptides of the bilaterian GnRH, adipokinetic hormone (AKH) and corazonin family. RPamide neuropeptides dose-dependently activate the GnRH/AKH-like receptors GNRR-3 and GNRR-6 in a cellular receptor activation assay. In addition, nlp-22-induced locomotion quiescence requires the receptor gnrr-6. By contrast, wakefulness induced by nlp-2 overexpression is diminished by deletion of either gnrr-3 or gnrr-6. nlp-2 is expressed in a pair of olfactory AWA neurons and cycles with larval periodicity, as reported for nlp-22, which is expressed in RIA. Our data suggest that the somnogenic NLP-22 neuropeptide signals through GNRR-6, and that both GNRR-3 and GNRR-6 are required for the wake-promoting action of NLP-2 neuropeptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petrus Van der Auwera
- Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Naamsestraat 59, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
- Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (BMLS), Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 15, D-60438, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Lotte Frooninckx
- Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Naamsestraat 59, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kristen Buscemi
- Department of Biology, Saint Joseph's University, 5600 City Ave, Philadelphia, PA, 19131, USA
| | - Ryan T Vance
- Department of Biology, Saint Joseph's University, 5600 City Ave, Philadelphia, PA, 19131, USA
| | - Jan Watteyne
- Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Naamsestraat 59, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Liesbet Temmerman
- Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Naamsestraat 59, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Wouter De Haes
- Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Naamsestraat 59, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Luca Fancsalszky
- Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Naamsestraat 59, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Alexander Gottschalk
- Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (BMLS), Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 15, D-60438, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - David M Raizen
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 415 Curie Blvd, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Matthew D Nelson
- Department of Biology, Saint Joseph's University, 5600 City Ave, Philadelphia, PA, 19131, USA
| | - Liliane Schoofs
- Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Naamsestraat 59, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Isabel Beets
- Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Naamsestraat 59, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
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Fokidis HB, Ma C, Radin B, Prior NH, Adomat HH, Guns ES, Soma KK. Neuropeptide Y and orexin immunoreactivity in the sparrow brain coincide with seasonal changes in energy balance and steroids. J Comp Neurol 2018; 527:347-361. [DOI: 10.1002/cne.24535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Revised: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Chunqi Ma
- Department of Psychology; University of British Columbia; Vancouver British Columbia Canada
| | - Benjamin Radin
- Department of Biology; Rollins College; Winter Park Florida
| | - Nora H. Prior
- Department of Psychology; University of British Columbia; Vancouver British Columbia Canada
- Program in Neuroscience and Cognitive Neuroscience; University of Maryland; College Park Maryland
| | - Hans H. Adomat
- The Prostate Centre; Vancouver General Hospital; Vancouver British Columbia Canada
| | - Emma S. Guns
- The Prostate Centre; Vancouver General Hospital; Vancouver British Columbia Canada
- Department of Urological Sciences; University of British Columbia; Vancouver British Columbia Canada
| | - Kiran K. Soma
- Department of Psychology; University of British Columbia; Vancouver British Columbia Canada
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience; University of British Columbia; Vancouver British Columbia Canada
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health; University of British Columbia; Vancouver British Columbia Canada
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DeLaney K, Buchberger AR, Atkinson L, Gründer S, Mousley A, Li L. New techniques, applications and perspectives in neuropeptide research. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 221:221/3/jeb151167. [PMID: 29439063 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.151167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Neuropeptides are one of the most diverse classes of signaling molecules and have attracted great interest over the years owing to their roles in regulation of a wide range of physiological processes. However, there are unique challenges associated with neuropeptide studies stemming from the highly variable molecular sizes of the peptides, low in vivo concentrations, high degree of structural diversity and large number of isoforms. As a result, much effort has been focused on developing new techniques for studying neuropeptides, as well as novel applications directed towards learning more about these endogenous peptides. The areas of importance for neuropeptide studies include structure, localization within tissues, interaction with their receptors, including ion channels, and physiological function. Here, we discuss these aspects and the associated techniques, focusing on technologies that have demonstrated potential in advancing the field in recent years. Most identification and structural information has been gained by mass spectrometry, either alone or with confirmations from other techniques, such as nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and other spectroscopic tools. While mass spectrometry and bioinformatic tools have proven to be the most powerful for large-scale analyses, they still rely heavily on complementary methods for confirmation. Localization within tissues, for example, can be probed by mass spectrometry imaging, immunohistochemistry and radioimmunoassays. Functional information has been gained primarily from behavioral studies coupled with tissue-specific assays, electrophysiology, mass spectrometry and optogenetic tools. Concerning the receptors for neuropeptides, the discovery of ion channels that are directly gated by neuropeptides opens up the possibility of developing a new generation of tools for neuroscience, which could be used to monitor neuropeptide release or to specifically change the membrane potential of neurons. It is expected that future neuropeptide research will involve the integration of complementary bioanalytical technologies and functional assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kellen DeLaney
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Amanda R Buchberger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Louise Atkinson
- School of Biological Sciences, Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Stefan Gründer
- Institute of Physiology, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Angela Mousley
- School of Biological Sciences, Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Lingjun Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, USA .,School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1450 Linden Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA
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Barlow IL, Rihel J. Zebrafish sleep: from geneZZZ to neuronZZZ. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2017; 44:65-71. [PMID: 28391130 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2017.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2016] [Revised: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
All animals have a fundamental and unavoidable requirement for rest, yet we still do not fully understand the processes that initiate, maintain, and regulate sleep. The larval zebrafish is an optically translucent, genetically tractable model organism that exhibits sleep states regulated by conserved sleep circuits, thereby offering a unique system for investigating the genetic and neural control of sleep. Recent studies using high throughput monitoring of larval sleep/wake behaviour have unearthed novel modulators involved in regulating arousal and have provided new mechanistic insights into the role of established sleep/wake modulators. In addition, the application of computational tools to large behavioural datasets has allowed for the identification of neuroactive compounds that alleviate sleep symptoms associated with genetic neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ida L Barlow
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jason Rihel
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
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