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Candia AA, Lean SC, Zhang CXW, McKeating DR, Cochrane A, Gulacsi E, Herrera EA, Krause BJ, Sferruzzi-Perri AN. Obesogenic Diet in Mice Leads to Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in the Mother in Association with Sex-Specific Changes in Fetal Development, Inflammatory Markers and Placental Transcriptome. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:411. [PMID: 38671859 PMCID: PMC11047652 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13040411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity during pregnancy is related to adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. Factors involved in these outcomes may include increased maternal insulin resistance, inflammation, oxidative stress, and nutrient mishandling. The placenta is the primary determinant of fetal outcomes, and its function can be impacted by maternal obesity. The aim of this study on mice was to determine the effect of obesity on maternal lipid handling, inflammatory and redox state, and placental oxidative stress, inflammatory signaling, and gene expression relative to female and male fetal growth. METHODS Female mice were fed control or obesogenic high-fat/high-sugar diet (HFHS) from 9 weeks prior to, and during, pregnancy. On day 18.5 of pregnancy, maternal plasma, and liver, placenta, and fetal serum were collected to examine the immune and redox states. The placental labyrinth zone (Lz) was dissected for RNA-sequencing analysis of gene expression changes. RESULTS the HFHS diet induced, in the dams, hepatic steatosis, oxidative stress (reduced catalase, elevated protein oxidation) and the activation of pro-inflammatory pathways (p38-MAPK), along with imbalanced circulating cytokine concentrations (increased IL-6 and decreased IL-5 and IL-17A). HFHS fetuses were asymmetrically growth-restricted, showing sex-specific changes in circulating cytokines (GM-CSF, TNF-α, IL-6 and IFN-γ). The morphology of the placenta Lz was modified by an HFHS diet, in association with sex-specific alterations in the expression of genes and proteins implicated in oxidative stress, inflammation, and stress signaling. Placental gene expression changes were comparable to that seen in models of intrauterine inflammation and were related to a transcriptional network involving transcription factors, LYL1 and PLAG1. CONCLUSION This study shows that fetal growth restriction with maternal obesity is related to elevated oxidative stress, inflammatory pathways, and sex-specific placental changes. Our data are important, given the marked consequences and the rising rates of obesity worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro A. Candia
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EG, UK; (A.A.C.); (C.X.W.Z.); (D.R.M.); (A.C.); (E.G.)
- Institute of Health Sciences, University of O’Higgins, Rancagua 2841959, Chile;
- Pathophysiology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 7500922, Chile;
- Department for the Woman and Newborn Health Promotion, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile
| | - Samantha C. Lean
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EG, UK; (A.A.C.); (C.X.W.Z.); (D.R.M.); (A.C.); (E.G.)
| | - Cindy X. W. Zhang
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EG, UK; (A.A.C.); (C.X.W.Z.); (D.R.M.); (A.C.); (E.G.)
| | - Daniel R. McKeating
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EG, UK; (A.A.C.); (C.X.W.Z.); (D.R.M.); (A.C.); (E.G.)
| | - Anna Cochrane
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EG, UK; (A.A.C.); (C.X.W.Z.); (D.R.M.); (A.C.); (E.G.)
| | - Edina Gulacsi
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EG, UK; (A.A.C.); (C.X.W.Z.); (D.R.M.); (A.C.); (E.G.)
| | - Emilio A. Herrera
- Pathophysiology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 7500922, Chile;
| | - Bernardo J. Krause
- Institute of Health Sciences, University of O’Higgins, Rancagua 2841959, Chile;
| | - Amanda N. Sferruzzi-Perri
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EG, UK; (A.A.C.); (C.X.W.Z.); (D.R.M.); (A.C.); (E.G.)
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de Miera CS, Bellefontaine N, Allen SJ, Myers MG, Elias CF. Glutamate neurotransmission from leptin receptor cells is required for typical puberty and reproductive function in female mice. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.09.21.558865. [PMID: 37790549 PMCID: PMC10542178 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.21.558865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
The hypothalamic ventral premammillary nucleus (PMv) is a glutamatergic nucleus essential for the metabolic control of reproduction. However, conditional deletion of leptin receptor (LepRb) in vesicular glutamate transporter 2 (Vglut2) expressing neurons results in virtually no reproductive deficits. In this study, we determine the role of glutamatergic signaling from leptin responsive PMv neurons on puberty and fertility. We first assessed if stimulation of PMv neurons induces LH release in fed adult females. We used the stimulatory form of designer receptor exclusively activated by designer drugs (DREADDs) in LepRb-Cre mice. We collected blood sequentially before and for 1h after iv. clozapine-N-oxide injection. LH level increased in animals correctly targeted to the PMv, and LH level was correlated to the number of cFos immunoreactive neurons in the PMv. Next, females with deletion of Vglut2 in LepRb neurons (LepR∆VGlut2) showed delayed age of puberty, disrupted estrous cycles, increased GnRH concentration in the axon terminals and disrupted LH responses, suggesting impaired GnRH release. To assess if glutamate is required for PMv actions in pubertal development, we generated a Cre-induced reexpression of endogenous LepRb (LepRloxTB) with concomitant deletion of Vglut2 (Vglut2-floxed) mice. Rescue of Lepr and deletion of Vglut2 in the PMv was obtained by stereotaxic injection of an adeno-associated virus vector expressing Cre recombinase. Control LepRloxTB mice with PMv LepRb rescue showed vaginal opening, follicle maturation and became pregnant, while LepRloxTB;Vglut2flox mice showed no pubertal development. Our results indicate that glutamatergic signaling from leptin sensitive neurons regulates the reproductive axis, and that leptin action on pubertal development via PMv neurons requires Vglut2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Sáenz de Miera
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5622, USA
| | - Nicole Bellefontaine
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5622, USA
| | - Susan J. Allen
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5622, USA
| | - Martin G. Myers
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5622, USA
- Elizabeth W. Caswell Diabetes Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5622, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5622, USA
| | - Carol F. Elias
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5622, USA
- Elizabeth W. Caswell Diabetes Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5622, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5622, USA
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3
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Zhao H, Wong RJ, Stevenson DK. The placental vasculature is affected by changes in gene expression and glycogen-rich cells in a diet-induced obesity mouse model. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0294185. [PMID: 37948457 PMCID: PMC10637699 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0294185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Maternal obesity is a risk factor for pregnancy complications. Obesity caused by a high-fat diet (HFD) may alter maternal glucose/glycogen metabolism. Here, our objective was to investigate whether the placental vasculature is altered via changes in gene expression and glycogen-rich cells using a preclinical mouse model of diet-induced obesity. We subjected female FVB/N mice to one of three feeding regimens: regular chow (RC) given at preconception and during pregnancy (Control); RC given at preconception and then a HFD during pregnancy (HFD-P); or HFD initiated 4 weeks preconception and during pregnancy (HFD-PreCP). Daily food consumption and weekly maternal weights were recorded. Maternal blood glucose levels were measured at preconception and 4 gestational epochs (E6.5-E9.5, E10.5-E12.5, E13.5-E15.5, E16.5-E19.5). At E8.5-E16.5, total RNA in placentas were isolated for gene expression analyses. Placentas were also collected for HE and periodic acid Schiff's (PAS) staining and glycogen content assays. Dams in the HFD-P and HFD-PreCP groups gained significantly more weight than controls. Pre- and antenatal glucose levels were also significantly higher (15%-30%) in HFD-PreCP dams. Expression of several placental genes were also altered in HFD dams compared with controls. Consumption of the HFD also led to phenotypic and morphologic changes in glycogen trophoblasts (GlyTs) and uterine natural killer (uNK) cells. Alterations in vascularity were also observed in the labyrinth of HFD-PreCP placentas, which correlated with decreased placental efficiency. Overall, we observed that a HFD induces gestational obesity in mice, alters expression of placental genes, affects glucose homeostasis, and alters glycogen-positive GlyTs and uNK cells. All these changes may lead to impaired placental vascular development, and thus heighten the risk for pregnancy complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal and Developmental Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States of America
| | - Ronald J. Wong
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal and Developmental Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States of America
| | - David K. Stevenson
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal and Developmental Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States of America
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Paula TDMDE, Cardoso LC, Felicioni F, Caldeira-Brant AL, Santos TG, Castro-Oliveira H, Menezes GB, Bloise E, Chiarini-Garcia H, de Almeida FRCL. Maternal chronic caffeine intake impairs fertility, placental vascularization and fetal development in mice. Reprod Toxicol 2023; 121:108471. [PMID: 37717671 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2023.108471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Caffeine is commonly consumed by pregnant women to avoid fatigue or as a habit. However, it is not clearly determined its side effects to the conceptuses. This study evaluated placental morphofunctional alterations after maternal chronic caffeine intake and the effects on fetal growth. Female Swiss mice received, via gavage, caffeine doses (either 60, 120 or 240 mg/kg/day) seven days before mating until gestational days-(GD) 11.5 or 17.5. Fetal biometrical parameters were assessed, and placentae were either submitted to histomorphometrical or molecular evaluation of angiogenesis (placental growth factor-1[PlGF-1]), apoptosis (Caspase-3) and proliferation (Ki-67) markers (evaluated in Swiss dams) and to intravital microscopy (evaluated in C57BL/6 dams). Caffeine exposed fetuses exhibited intrauterine growth restriction in a sex-dependent manner, with greater commitment of female fetuses (P < 0.05). In addition, placentae from dams that received 120 mg/kg/day showed less irrigation by maternal blood and greater development of fetal vasculature, characterized by higher number of larger vessels (P < 0.05). Although no effects on apoptosis (Caspase-3) and angiogenesis (PlGF-1) were observed, dams treated with 60 mg/kg/day showed greater placental cell proliferation (Ki-67 staining) at GD 11.5 (P < 0.05). The group treated with 240 mg/kg/day exhibited only one pregnant dam for each gestational age, suggesting that this high caffeine consumption may compromise fertility. Taken together, even in the doses currently ingested by many pregnant women, caffeine has detrimental effects on placental vasculature and fetal development in mice. Therefore, our results strongly suggest that caffeine consumption in human pregnancies greater than the recommended doses should be avoided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thais de Merici Domingues E Paula
- Laboratory of Structural Biology and Reproduction, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Lucas Carvalho Cardoso
- Laboratory of Structural Biology and Reproduction, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Fernando Felicioni
- Laboratory of Structural Biology and Reproduction, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Andre Lucas Caldeira-Brant
- Laboratory of Structural Biology and Reproduction, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Magee-Womens Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Thais Garcia Santos
- Laboratory of Structural Biology and Reproduction, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Hortencia Castro-Oliveira
- Center of Gastrointestinal Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Batista Menezes
- Center of Gastrointestinal Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Enrrico Bloise
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathogenesis, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Helio Chiarini-Garcia
- Laboratory of Structural Biology and Reproduction, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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Moazzam S, Noorjahan N, Jin Y, Nagy JI, Kardami E, Cattini PA. Effect of high fat diet on maternal behavior, brain-derived neurotrophic factor and neural stem cell proliferation in mice expressing human placental lactogen during pregnancy. J Neuroendocrinol 2023:e13258. [PMID: 36989439 DOI: 10.1111/jne.13258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
Maternal obesity is a serious health concern because it increases risks of neurological disorders, including anxiety and peripartum depression. In mice, a high fat diet (HFD) in pregnancy can negatively affect placental structure and function as well as maternal behavior reflected by impaired nest building and pup-retrieval. In humans, maternal obesity in pregnancy is associated with reduced placental lactogen (PL) gene expression, which has been linked to a higher risk of depression. PL acting predominantly through the prolactin receptor maintains energy homeostasis and is a marker of placenta villous trophoblast differentiation during pregnancy. Impaired neurogenesis and low serum levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) have also been implicated in depression. Augmented neurogenesis in brain during pregnancy was reported in the subventricular zone (SVZ) of mice at gestation day 7 and linked to increased prolactin receptor signaling. Here, we used transgenic CD-1 mice that express human (h) PL during pregnancy to investigate whether the negative effects of diet on maternal behavior are mitigated in these (CD-1[hGH/PL]) mice. Specifically, we examined the effect of a HFD on nest building prepartum and pup retrieval postpartum, as well as on brain BDNF levels and neurogenesis. In contrast to wild-type CD-1[WT]mice, CD-1[hGH/PL] mice displayed significantly less anxiety-like behavior, and showed no impairment in prepartum nest building or postpartum pup-retrieval when fed a HFD. Furthermore, the HFD decreased prepartum and increased postpartum BDNF levels in CD-1[WT] but not CD-1[hGH/PL] mice. Finally, neurogenesis in the SVZ as well as phosphorylated mitogen-activated protein kinase, indicative of lactogenic signaling, appeared unaffected by pregnancy and diet at gestation day 7 in CD-1[hGH/PL] mice. These observations indicate that CD-1[hGH/PL] mice are resistant to the negative effects of HFD reported for CD-1[WT] mice, including effects on maternal behaviors and BDNF levels, and potentially, neurogenesis. This difference probably reflects a direct or indirect effect of the products of the hGH/PL transgene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Showall Moazzam
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Noshin Noorjahan
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Yan Jin
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - James I Nagy
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Elissavet Kardami
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Peter A Cattini
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
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Huang S, Wu D, Hao X, Nie J, Huang Z, Ma S, Chen Y, Chen S, Wu J, Sun J, Ao H, Gao B, Tan C. Dietary fiber supplementation during the last 50 days of gestation improves the farrowing performance of gilts by modulating insulin sensitivity, gut microbiota, and placental function. J Anim Sci 2023; 101:skad021. [PMID: 36634095 PMCID: PMC9912709 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skad021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Our previous study found dietary konjac flour (KF) supplementation could improve insulin sensitivity and reproductive performance of sows, but its high price limits its application in actual production. This study aimed to investigate the effects of supplementation of a cheaper combined dietary fiber (CDF, using bamboo shoots fiber and alginate fiber to partially replace KF) from the last 50 days of gestation to parturition on farrowing performance, insulin sensitivity, gut microbiota, and placental function of gilts. Specifically, a total of 135 pregnant gilts with a similar farrowing time were blocked by backfat thickness and body weight on day 65 of gestation (G65d) and assigned to 1 of the 3 dietary treatment groups (n = 45 per group): basal diet (CON), basal diet supplemented with 2% KF or 2% CDF (CDF containing 15% KF, 60% bamboo shoots fiber, and 25% alginate fiber), respectively. The litter performance, insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance parameters, placental vessel density, and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) levels in feces were assessed. The gut microbiota population in gilts during gestation was also assessed by 16S rDNA gene sequencing. Compared with CON, both KF and CDF treatments not only increased the piglet birth weight (P < 0.05) and piglet vitality (P < 0.01) but also decreased the proportion of piglets with birth weight ≤ 1.2 kg (P < 0.01) and increased the proportion of piglets with birth weight ≥ 1.5 kg (P < 0.01). In addition, KF or CDF supplementation reduced fasting blood insulin level (P < 0.05), homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (P < 0.05), serum hemoglobin A1c (P < 0.05), and the level of advanced glycation end products (P < 0.05) at G110d, and increased the placental vascular density (P < 0.05) at farrowing. Meanwhile, KF or CDF supplementation increased microbial diversity (P < 0.05) and SCFAs levels (P < 0.05) in feces at G110d. Notably, the production cost per live-born piglet was lower in CDF group (¥ 36.1) than KF group (¥ 41.3). Overall, KF or CDF supplementation from G65d to farrowing could improve the farrowing performance of gilts possibly by improving insulin sensitivity, regulating gut microbiota and metabolites, and increasing placental vascular density, with higher economic benefits and a similar effect for CDF vs. KF, suggesting the potential of CDF as a cheaper alternative to KF in actual production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangbo Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Institute of Subtropical Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Deyuan Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Institute of Subtropical Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Xiangyu Hao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Institute of Subtropical Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Jiawei Nie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Institute of Subtropical Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Zihao Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Institute of Subtropical Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Shuo Ma
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Institute of Subtropical Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Yiling Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Institute of Subtropical Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Shengxing Chen
- Joinsha Animal Health Products (XIAMEN) Co., Ltd., Xiamen, Fujian 361000, China
| | - Jianyao Wu
- Joinsha Animal Health Products (XIAMEN) Co., Ltd., Xiamen, Fujian 361000, China
| | - Jihui Sun
- Joinsha Animal Health Products (XIAMEN) Co., Ltd., Xiamen, Fujian 361000, China
| | - Huasun Ao
- Joinsha Animal Health Products (XIAMEN) Co., Ltd., Xiamen, Fujian 361000, China
| | - Binghui Gao
- Joinsha Animal Health Products (XIAMEN) Co., Ltd., Xiamen, Fujian 361000, China
| | - Chengquan Tan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Institute of Subtropical Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
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Lean SC, Candia AA, Gulacsi E, Lee GCL, Sferruzzi-Perri AN. Obesogenic diet in mice compromises maternal metabolic physiology and lactation ability leading to reductions in neonatal viability. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2022; 236:e13861. [PMID: 35880402 PMCID: PMC9787084 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Diets containing high-fat and high sugar (HFHS) lead to overweight/obesity. Overweight/obesity increases the risk of infertility, and of the pregnant mother and her child for developing metabolic conditions. Overweight/obesity has been recreated in mice, but most studies focus on the effects of chronic, long-term HFHS diet exposure. Here, we exposed mice to HFHS from 3 weeks prior to pregnancy with the aim of determining impacts on fertility, and gestational and neonatal outcomes. METHODS Time-domain NMR scanning was used to assess adiposity, glucose, and insulin tolerance tests were employed to examine metabolic physiology, and morphological and proteomic analyses conducted to assess structure and nutrient levels of maternal organs and placenta. RESULTS Fertility measures of HFHS dams were largely the same as controls. HFHS dams had increased adiposity pre-pregnancy, however, exhibited exacerbated lipolysis/hyper-mobilization of adipose stores in late pregnancy. While there were no differences in glucose or insulin tolerance, HFHS dams were hyperglycemic and hyperinsulinemic in pregnancy. HFHS dams had fatty livers and altered pancreatic islet morphology. Although fetuses were hyperglycemic and hyperinsulinemic, there was no change in fetal growth in HFHS dams. There were also reductions in placenta formation. Moreover, there was increased offspring loss during lactation, which was related to aberrant mammary gland development and milk protein composition in HFHS dams. CONCLUSIONS These findings are relevant given current dietary habits and the development of maternal and offspring alterations in the absence of an increase in maternal weight and adiposity during pregnancy, which are the current clinical markers to determine risk across gestation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha C Lean
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Alejandro A Candia
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,Department for the Woman and Newborn Health Promotion, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Edina Gulacsi
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Giselle C L Lee
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Amanda N Sferruzzi-Perri
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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Rodrigo N, Saad S, Pollock C, Glastras SJ. Diet Modification before or during Pregnancy on Maternal and Foetal Outcomes in Rodent Models of Maternal Obesity. Nutrients 2022; 14:2154. [PMID: 35631295 PMCID: PMC9146671 DOI: 10.3390/nu14102154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The obesity epidemic has serious implications for women of reproductive age; its rising incidence is associated not just with health implications for the mother but also has transgenerational ramifications for the offspring. Increased incidence of diabetes, cardiovascular disease, obesity, and kidney disease are seen in both the mothers and the offspring. Animal models, such as rodent studies, are fundamental to studying maternal obesity and its impact on maternal and offspring health, as human studies lack rigorous controlled experimental design. Furthermore, the short and prolific reproductive potential of rodents enables examination across multiple generations and facilitates the exploration of interventional strategies to mitigate the impact of maternal obesity, both before and during pregnancy. Given that obesity is a major public health concern, it is important to obtain a greater understanding of its pathophysiology and interaction with reproductive health, placental physiology, and foetal development. This narrative review focuses on the known effects of maternal obesity on the mother and the offspring, and the benefits of interventional strategies, including dietary intervention, before or during pregnancy on maternal and foetal outcomes. It further examines the contribution of rodent models of maternal obesity to elucidating pathophysiological pathways of disease development, as well as methods to reduce the impact of obesity on the mothers and the developing foetus. The translation of these findings into the human experience will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natassia Rodrigo
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney 2065, Australia;
- Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Sydney 2065, Australia; (S.S.); (C.P.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia
| | - Sonia Saad
- Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Sydney 2065, Australia; (S.S.); (C.P.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia
| | - Carol Pollock
- Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Sydney 2065, Australia; (S.S.); (C.P.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia
- Department of Renal Medicine, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney 2065, Australia
| | - Sarah J. Glastras
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney 2065, Australia;
- Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Sydney 2065, Australia; (S.S.); (C.P.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia
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Deyssenroth MA, Peng S, Hao K, Marsit CJ, Chen J. Placental Gene Transcript Proportions are Altered in the Presence of In Utero Arsenic and Cadmium Exposures, Genetic Variants, and Birth Weight Differences. Front Genet 2022; 13:865449. [PMID: 35646058 PMCID: PMC9136297 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.865449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: In utero arsenic and cadmium exposures are linked with reduced birth weight as well as alterations in placental molecular features. However, studies thus far have focused on summarizing transcriptional activity at the gene level and do not capture transcript specification, an important resource during fetal development to enable adaptive responses to the rapidly changing in utero physiological conditions. In this study, we conducted a genome-wide analysis of the placental transcriptome to evaluate the role of differential transcript usage (DTU) as a potential marker of in utero arsenic and cadmium exposure and fetal growth restriction. Methods: Transcriptome-wide RNA sequencing was performed in placenta samples from the Rhode Island Child Health Study (RICHS, n = 199). Arsenic and cadmium levels were measured in maternal toenails using ICP-MS. Differential transcript usage (DTU) contrasting small (SGA) and appropriate (AGA) for gestational age infants as well as above vs. below median exposure to arsenic and cadmium were assessed using the DRIMSeq R package. Genetic variants that influence transcript usage were determined using the sQTLseeker R package. Results: We identified 82 genes demonstrating DTU in association with SGA status at an FDR <0.05. Among these, one gene, ORMDL1, also demonstrated DTU in association with arsenic exposure, and fifteen genes (CSNK1E, GBA, LAMTOR4, MORF4L1, PIGO, PSG1, PSG3, PTMA, RBMS1, SLC38A2, SMAD4, SPCS2, TUBA1B, UBE2A, YIPF5) demonstrated DTU in association with cadmium exposure. In addition to cadmium exposure and SGA status, proportions of the LAMTOR4 transcript ENST00000474141.5 also differed by genetic variants (rs10231604, rs12878, and rs3736591), suggesting a pathway by which an in utero exposure and genetic variants converge to impact fetal growth through perturbations of placental processes. Discussion: We report the first genome-wide characterization of placental transcript usage and associations with intrauterine metal exposure and fetal growth restriction. These results highlight the utility of interrogating the transcriptome at finer-scale transcript-level resolution to identify novel placental biomarkers of exposure-induced outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya A. Deyssenroth
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Shouneng Peng
- Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Ke Hao
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Carmen J. Marsit
- Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Jia Chen
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
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10
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Gastiazoro MP, Rossetti MF, Schumacher R, Stoker C, Durando M, Zierau O, Ramos JG, Varayoud J. Epigenetic disruption of placental genes by chronic maternal cafeteria diet in rats. J Nutr Biochem 2022; 106:109015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2022.109015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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11
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Ancel CM, Evans MC, Kerbus RI, Wallace EG, Anderson GM. Deletion of PTP1B From Brain Neurons Partly Protects Mice From Diet-Induced Obesity and Minimally Improves Fertility. Endocrinology 2022; 163:bqab266. [PMID: 34967909 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqab266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Reproductive dysfunction in women has been linked to high caloric diet (HCD)-feeding and obesity. Central resistance to leptin and insulin have been shown to accompany diet-induced infertility in rodent studies, and we have previously shown that deleting suppressor of cytokine signaling 3, which is a negative regulator of leptin signaling, from all forebrain neurons partially protects mice from HCD-induced infertility. In this study, we were interested in exploring the role of protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B), which is a negative regulator of both leptin and insulin signaling, in the pathophysiology of HCD-induced obesity and infertility. To this end, we generated male and female neuron-specific PTP1B knockout mice and compared their body weight gain, food intake, glucose tolerance, and fertility relative to control littermates under both normal calorie diet and HCD feeding conditions. Both male and female mice with neuronal PTP1B deletion exhibited slower body weight gain in response to HCD feeding, yet only male knockout mice exhibited improved glucose tolerance compared with controls. Neuronal PTP1B deletion improved the time to first litter in HCD-fed mice but did not protect female mice from eventual HCD-induced infertility. While the mice fed a normal caloric diet remained fertile throughout the 150-day period of assessment, HCD-fed females became infertile after producing only a single litter, regardless of their genotype. These data show that neuronal PTP1B deletion is able to partially protect mice from HCD-induced obesity but is not a critical mediator of HCD-induced infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline M Ancel
- Centre for Neuroendocrinology and Department of Anatomy, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Maggie C Evans
- Centre for Neuroendocrinology and Department of Anatomy, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Romy I Kerbus
- Centre for Neuroendocrinology and Department of Anatomy, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Elliot G Wallace
- Centre for Neuroendocrinology and Department of Anatomy, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Greg M Anderson
- Centre for Neuroendocrinology and Department of Anatomy, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
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12
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Mohammed S, Qadri SSY, Mir IA, Kondapalli NB, Basak S, Rajkumar H. Fructooligosaccharide ameliorates high-fat induced intrauterine inflammation and improves lipid profile in the hamster offspring. J Nutr Biochem 2021; 101:108925. [PMID: 34843933 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2021.108925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Maternal high-fat diet (HFD) often results in intrauterine and feto-placental inflammation, and increases the risks of fetal programming of metabolic diseases. Intake of prebiotic is reported beneficial. However, its effects on HFD during pregnancy and lactation is not known. We evaluated the maternal intake of fructooligosaccharide (FOS) and its impact on placental inflammation, offspring's adiposity, glucose, and lipid metabolism in their later life. Female Golden Syrian hamsters were fed with a control diet (CD, 26.4 % energy from fat) or HFD (60.7% energy from fat) in the presence or absence of FOS from preconception until lactation. All pups were switched over to CD after lactation and continued until the end. Placental inflammation was upregulated in HFD-fed dam, as measured by a high concentration of hsCRP in the serum and amniotic fluid. Neutrophil infiltration was significantly increased in the decidua through the chorionic layer of the placenta. The expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as COX2, NFκβ, IL-8, TGFβ mRNA was increased in the chorioamniotic membrane (P <.05). The HFD/CD hamsters had more adiposity, higher triglyceride, and low HDL at 12 months of age compared to CD/CD (P <.05). However, HFD+FOS/CD-fed hamsters prevented adverse effects such as placental inflammation, neutrophil infiltration, glucose, and lipid profiles in the offspring (P <.05). Anti-inflammatory and lipid-lowering effects of FOS may reduce placental inflammation by lowering neutrophil infiltration and decreasing the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Intake of FOS during pregnancy may be beneficial in maintaining lipid metabolism and preventing excess adiposity for mother and their offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujauddin Mohammed
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Hyderabad, Telengana, India
| | - Syed Shah Yousuf Qadri
- ICMR-National Animal Resource Facility for Biomedical Research, Hyderabad, Telengana, India
| | - Irfan Ahmad Mir
- ICMR-National Animal Resource Facility for Biomedical Research, Hyderabad, Telengana, India
| | - Narendra Babu Kondapalli
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Hyderabad, Telengana, India
| | - Sanjay Basak
- Molecular Biology Division, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Hyderabad, Telengana, India.
| | - Hemalatha Rajkumar
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Hyderabad, Telengana, India.
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13
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Quaresma PGF, Wasinski F, Mansano NS, Furigo IC, Teixeira PDS, Gusmao DO, Frazao R, Donato J. Leptin Receptor Expression in GABAergic Cells is Not Sufficient to Normalize Metabolism and Reproduction in Mice. Endocrinology 2021; 162:6353267. [PMID: 34402859 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqab168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies indicate that leptin receptor (LepR) expression in GABAergic neurons is necessary for the biological effects of leptin. However, it is not clear whether LepR expression only in GABAergic neurons is sufficient to prevent the metabolic and neuroendocrine imbalances caused by LepR deficiency. In the present study, we produced mice that express the LepR exclusively in GABAergic cells (LepRVGAT mice) and compared them with wild-type (LepR+/+) and LepR-deficient (LepRNull/Null) mice. Although LepRVGAT mice showed a pronounced reduction in body weight and fat mass, as compared with LepRNull/Null mice, male and female LepRVGAT mice exhibited an obese phenotype relative to LepR+/+ mice. Food intake was normalized in LepRVGAT mice; however, LepRVGAT mice still exhibited lower energy expenditure in both sexes and reduced ambulatory activity in the females, compared with LepR+/+ mice. The acute anorexigenic effect of leptin and hedonic feeding were normalized in LepRVGAT mice despite the hyperleptinemia they present. Although LepRVGAT mice showed improved glucose homeostasis compared with LepRNull/Null mice, both male and female LepRVGAT mice exhibited insulin resistance. In contrast, LepR expression only in GABAergic cells was sufficient to normalize the density of agouti-related peptide (AgRP) and α-MSH immunoreactive fibers in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus. However, LepRVGAT mice exhibited reproductive dysfunctions, including subfertility in males and alterations in the estrous cycle of females. Taken together, our findings indicate that LepR expression in GABAergic cells, although critical to the physiology of leptin, is insufficient to normalize several metabolic aspects and the reproductive function in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula G F Quaresma
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofisica, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Frederick Wasinski
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofisica, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Naira S Mansano
- Departamento de Anatomia, Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 05508-900, Brazil
| | - Isadora C Furigo
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofisica, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Pryscila D S Teixeira
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofisica, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Daniela O Gusmao
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofisica, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Renata Frazao
- Departamento de Anatomia, Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 05508-900, Brazil
| | - Jose Donato
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofisica, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
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14
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Palei AC, Granger JP, Spradley FT. Placental Ischemia Says "NO" to Proper NOS-Mediated Control of Vascular Tone and Blood Pressure in Preeclampsia. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222011261. [PMID: 34681920 PMCID: PMC8541176 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222011261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review, we first provide a brief overview of the nitric oxide synthase (NOS) isoforms and biochemistry. This is followed by describing what is known about NOS-mediated blood pressure control during normal pregnancy. Circulating nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability has been assessed by measuring its metabolites, nitrite (NO2) and/or nitrate (NO3), and shown to rise throughout normal pregnancy in humans and rats and decline postpartum. In contrast, placental malperfusion/ischemia leads to systemic reductions in NO bioavailability leading to maternal endothelial and vascular dysfunction with subsequent development of hypertension in PE. We end this article by describing emergent risk factors for placental malperfusion and ischemic disease and discussing strategies to target the NOS system therapeutically to increase NO bioavailability in preeclamptic patients. Throughout this discussion, we highlight the critical importance that experimental animal studies have played in our current understanding of NOS biology in normal pregnancy and their use in finding novel ways to preserve this signaling pathway to prevent the development, treat symptoms, or reduce the severity of PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana C. Palei
- Department of Surgery, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA;
| | - Joey P. Granger
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA;
| | - Frank T. Spradley
- Department of Surgery, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA;
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA;
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
- Correspondence:
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15
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Song L, Huang Y, Long J, Li Y, Pan Z, Fang F, Long Y, Huang C, Qi N, Guo Y, Xia H, Jiang Y. The Role of Osteocalcin in Placental Function in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. Reprod Biol 2021; 21:100566. [PMID: 34626941 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2021.100566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Evidence for the role of osteocalcin in glucose metabolism is increasing. The aim of this study was to examine the associations between osteocalcin and gestational diabetes mellitus. Thirteen discovery study subjects and 76 reduplication study subjects were recruited from the Maternal and Child Health Hospital Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region from May 2018 to August 2018. Total osteocalcin and biochemical indices of maternal serum and umbilical vein serum were analyzed. Placental tissue samples were used for transcriptome sequencing. For the discovery study subjects, the total osteocalcin concentration in umbilical vein serum was significantly higher than that in maternal serum and umbilical artery serum (55.32 ng/mL ± 17.37 vs. 12.06 ng/mL ± 5.42 [P < 0.001] vs. 38.31 ng/mL ± 11.52 [P < 0.01]), suggesting that trophoblasts may synthesize osteocalcin. In a reduplication subject study, the gestational diabetes mellitus group had lower umbilical vein serum total osteocalcin (51.46 ng/mL ± 24.29 vs. 67.00 ng/mL ± 25.33, P = 0.008), lower adiponectin (1099.72 μg/L ± 102.65 vs. 1235.85 μg/L ± 94.63, P < 0.001). Spearman's correlation analysis showed that umbilical vein serum total osteocalcin levels were closely correlated with leptin (r = -0.456, P = 0.007). A coexpression model of the placental RNA sequence was constructed. Two modules were correlated with osteocalcin, and the Gene ontology pathways of these modules were rich in glucose and lipid metabolism. In conclusion, the placenta may synthesize osteocalcin by itself, and a lower osteocalcin level in umbilical vein serum is associated with gestational diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Song
- Department of Obstetrics, The Maternity Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Yiming Huang
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Junqing Long
- Department of Obstetrics, The Maternity Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Yuanfan Li
- Department of Obstetrics, The Maternity Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Zongqin Pan
- Department of Obstetrics, The Maternity Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Fang Fang
- Department of Obstetrics, The Maternity Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Yu Long
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Cheng Huang
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Nana Qi
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Yajie Guo
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Hongwei Xia
- Department of Obstetrics, The Maternity Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China.
| | - Yonghua Jiang
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China; Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China.
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16
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Marques ES, Agudelo J, Kaye EM, Modaresi SMS, Pfohl M, Bečanová J, Wei W, Polunas M, Goedken M, Slitt AL. The role of maternal high fat diet on mouse pup metabolic endpoints following perinatal PFAS and PFAS mixture exposure. Toxicology 2021; 462:152921. [PMID: 34464680 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2021.152921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a family of chemicals that are ubiquitous in the environment. Some of these chemicals, such as perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), perfluorohexanesulfonate (PFHxS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), are found in human sera and have been shown to cause liver steatosis and reduce postnatal survival and growth in rodents. The purpose of this work is to evaluate the impact of diet and PFAS exposure to mouse dam (mus musculus) on the risk to pup liver and metabolism endpoints later in life, as well as evaluate PFAS partitioning to pups. Timed-pregnant dams were fed a standard chow diet or 60 % kcal high fat diet (HFD). Dams were administered either vehicle, 1 mg/kg PFOA, 1 mg/kg PFOS, 1 mg/kg PFHxS, or a PFAS mixture (1 mg/kg of each PFOA, PFOS, and PFHxS) daily via oral gavage from gestation day 1 until postnatal day (PND) 20. At PND 21, livers of dams and 2 pups of each sex were evaluated for lipid changes while remaining pups were weaned to the same diet as the dam for an additional 10 weeks. Dam and pup serum at PND 21 and PND 90 were also evaluated for PFAS concentration, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), leptin and adiponectin, and glycosylated hemoglobin A1c. Perinatal exposure to a HFD, as expected, increased pup body weight, maternal liver weight, pup liver triglycerides, pup serum ALT, and pup serum leptin. PFOA and the PFAS mixture increased liver weights, and. treatment with all three compounds increased liver triglycerides. The maternal HFD increased dam and pup serum PFAS levels, however, was protective against PFOA-induced increase in serum ALT and observed increases in liver triglycerides. The PFAS mixture had very distinct effects when compared to single compound treatment, suggesting some cumulative effects, particularly when evaluating PFAS transfer from dam to pup. This data highlights the importance of diet and mixtures when evaluating liver effect of PFAS and PFAS partitioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily S Marques
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, 7 Greenhouse Rd, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Juliana Agudelo
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, 7 Greenhouse Rd, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Emily M Kaye
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, 7 Greenhouse Rd, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Seyed Mohamad Sadegh Modaresi
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, 7 Greenhouse Rd, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Marisa Pfohl
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, 7 Greenhouse Rd, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Jitka Bečanová
- Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island, 215 S Ferry Rd, Narragansett, RI 02882, USA
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, 7 Greenhouse Rd, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Marianne Polunas
- Rutgers Translational Sciences, Rutgers University, 33 Knightsbridge Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Michael Goedken
- Rutgers Translational Sciences, Rutgers University, 33 Knightsbridge Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Angela L Slitt
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, 7 Greenhouse Rd, Kingston, RI 02881, USA.
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Fowden AL, Camm EJ, Sferruzzi-Perri AN. Effects of Maternal Obesity On Placental Phenotype. Curr Vasc Pharmacol 2021; 19:113-131. [PMID: 32400334 DOI: 10.2174/1570161118666200513115316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of obesity is rising rapidly worldwide with the consequence that more women are entering pregnancy overweight or obese. This leads to an increased incidence of clinical complications during pregnancy and of poor obstetric outcomes. The offspring of obese pregnancies are often macrosomic at birth although there is also a subset of the progeny that are growth-restricted at term. Maternal obesity during pregnancy is also associated with cardiovascular, metabolic and endocrine dysfunction in the offspring later in life. As the interface between the mother and fetus, the placenta has a central role in programming intrauterine development and is known to adapt its phenotype in response to environmental conditions such as maternal undernutrition and hypoxia. However, less is known about placental function in the abnormal metabolic and endocrine environment associated with maternal obesity during pregnancy. This review discusses the placental consequences of maternal obesity induced either naturally or experimentally by increasing maternal nutritional intake and/or changing the dietary composition. It takes a comparative, multi-species approach and focusses on placental size, morphology, nutrient transport, metabolism and endocrine function during the later stages of obese pregnancy. It also examines the interventions that have been made during pregnancy in an attempt to alleviate the more adverse impacts of maternal obesity on placental phenotype. The review highlights the potential role of adaptations in placental phenotype as a contributory factor to the pregnancy complications and changes in fetal growth and development that are associated with maternal obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Fowden
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EG, United Kingdom
| | - E J Camm
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EG, United Kingdom
| | - A N Sferruzzi-Perri
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EG, United Kingdom
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18
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Casasnovas J, Damron CL, Jarrell J, Orr KS, Bone RN, Archer-Hartmann S, Azadi P, Kua KL. Offspring of Obese Dams Exhibit Sex-Differences in Pancreatic Heparan Sulfate Glycosaminoglycans and Islet Insulin Secretion. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:658439. [PMID: 34108935 PMCID: PMC8181410 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.658439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Offspring of obese mothers suffer higher risks of type 2 diabetes due to increased adiposity and decreased β cell function. To date, the sex-differences in offspring islet insulin secretion during early life has not been evaluated extensively, particularly prior to weaning at postnatal day 21 (P21). To determine the role of maternal obesity on offspring islet insulin secretion, C57BL/6J female dams were fed chow or western diet from 4 weeks prior to mating to induce maternal obesity. First, offspring of chow-fed and obese dams were evaluated on postnatal day 21 (P21) prior to weaning for body composition, glucose and insulin tolerance, and islet phasic insulin-secretion. Compared to same-sex controls, both male and female P21 offspring born to obese dams (MatOb) had higher body adiposity and exhibited sex-specific differences in glucose tolerance and insulin secretion. The male MatOb offspring developed the highest extent of glucose intolerance and lowest glucose-induced insulin secretion. In contrast, P21 female offspring of obese dams had unimpaired insulin secretion. Using SAX-HPLC, we found that male MatOb had a decrease in pancreatic heparan sulfate glycosaminoglycan, which is a macromolecule critical for islet health. Notably, 8-weeks-old offspring of obese dams continued to exhibit a similar pattern of sex-differences in glucose intolerance and decreased islet insulin secretion. Overall, our study suggests that maternal obesity induces sex-specific changes to pancreatic HSG in offspring and a lasting effect on offspring insulin secretion, leading to the sex-differences in glucose intolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Casasnovas
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Christopher Luke Damron
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - James Jarrell
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Kara S. Orr
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Robert N. Bone
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | | | - Parastoo Azadi
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Kok Lim Kua
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
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19
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Abstract
A healthy nutritional state is required for all aspects of reproduction and is signaled by the adipokine leptin. Leptin acts in a relatively narrow concentration range: too much or too little will compromise fertility. The leptin signal timing is important to prepubertal development in both sexes. In the brain, leptin acts on ventral premammillary neurons which signal kisspeptin (Kiss1) neurons to stimulate gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons. Suppression of Kiss1 neurons occurs when agouti-related peptide neurons are activated by reduced leptin, because leptin normally suppresses these orexigenic neurons. In the pituitary, leptin stimulates production of GnRH receptors (GnRHRs) and follicle-stimulating hormone at midcycle, by activating pathways that derepress actions of the messenger ribonucleic acid translational regulatory protein Musashi. In females, rising estrogen stimulates a rise in serum leptin, which peaks at midcycle, synchronizing with nocturnal luteinizing hormone pulses. The normal range of serum leptin levels (10-20 ng/mL) along with gonadotropins and growth factors promote ovarian granulosa and theca cell functions and oocyte maturation. In males, the prepubertal rise in leptin promotes testicular development. However, a decline in leptin levels in prepubertal boys reflects inhibition of leptin secretion by rising androgens. In adult males, leptin levels are 10% to 50% of those in females, and high leptin inhibits testicular function. The obesity epidemic has elucidated leptin resistance pathways, with too much leptin in either sex leading to infertility. Under conditions of balanced nutrition, however, the secretion of leptin is timed and regulated within a narrow level range that optimizes its trophic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwen V Childs
- Department of Neurobiology and Developmental Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
- Correspondence: Gwen V. Childs, PhD, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA. E-mail:
| | - Angela K Odle
- Department of Neurobiology and Developmental Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Melanie C MacNicol
- Department of Neurobiology and Developmental Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Angus M MacNicol
- Department of Neurobiology and Developmental Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
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20
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Liu Y, Wang Y, Wang C, Shi R, Zhou X, Li Z, Sun W, Zhao L, Yuan L. Maternal obesity increases the risk of fetal cardiac dysfunction via visceral adipose tissue derived exosomes. Placenta 2021; 105:85-93. [PMID: 33556718 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2021.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There is a strong association between gestational obesity and fetal cardiac dysfunction, while the exact mechanisms remain largely unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of exosomes from maternal visceral adipose tissue in abnormal embryonic development in obese pregnancy. METHODS Female C57BL/6J obese mice were induced by a high-fat diet (containing 60% fat). Fetal cardiac function and morphology were examined by echocardiography and histology. The placenta was extracted for histological examination. miRNA expression in exosomes from the visceral adipose tissue was profiled by RNA-seq. Gene expression of inflammatory factors was analyzed by qPCR. RESULTS In the obese pregnant mice, there were obvious inflammation and lipid droplets in the placenta. And the fetal cardiac function in obese pregnancy was also compromised. Moreover, injection of the visceral adipose tissue exosomes from the obese mice significantly decreased the fetal cardiac function in the normal lean pregnant mice. Mechanistically, the decreased expression of miR-19b might be responsible for the enhanced inflammation in the placenta. DISCUSSION Exosomes derived from visceral adipose tissue in obese mice contribute to fetal heart dysfunction, at least partially via affecting the function of the placenta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunnan Liu
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, People's Republic of China
| | - Yixiao Wang
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruijing Shi
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueying Zhou
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhelong Li
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenqi Sun
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, People's Republic of China
| | - Lianbi Zhao
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijun Yuan
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, People's Republic of China.
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21
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Lee JC, Bernardi LA, Boots CE. The association of euploid miscarriage with obesity. F S Rep 2020; 1:142-148. [PMID: 34223230 PMCID: PMC8244338 DOI: 10.1016/j.xfre.2020.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To determine whether the frequency of euploid miscarriage is increased in obese women with early pregnancy loss. Design Retrospective cohort study. Setting Academic medical center. Patient(s) A total of 2,620 women with cytogenetic analysis results from products of conception after a pregnancy loss <20 weeks gestation from 2006–2018. Intervention(s) None. Main Outcome Measure(s) Frequency of euploid miscarriage was compared in obese (body mass index [BMI] ≥30 kg/m2) versus non-obese (BMI <30 kg/m2) patients. Result(s) A total of 2,620 women with a mean (± standard deviation) age at time of loss of 34.9 years (± 4.9) and mean (± standard deviation) BMI of 25.3 kg/m2 (±5.5) were included in the final analysis. After adjusting for age and race, obese women were 56% more likely to have a euploid pregnancy loss compared with nonobese women (odds ratio 1.56; 95% confidence interval 1.32–1.92). Within the cohort, 63.8% of the losses were aneuploid, of which 41% were trisomies, 8% were monosomies, and 7% were polyploidies. Of the euploid losses, 50.1% were 46,XX and 49.9% were 46,XY, which suggests that the rate of maternal cell contamination was low. Conclusion(s) Obese women have an increased frequency of euploid miscarriage when compared with nonobese women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline C Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McGaw Medical Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois; and
| | - Lia A Bernardi
- Fertility and Reproductive Medicine, Northwestern Medical Group, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Christina E Boots
- Fertility and Reproductive Medicine, Northwestern Medical Group, Chicago, Illinois
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22
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Yao Z, Long Y, Ye J, Li P, Jiang Y, Chen Y. 16S rRNA Gene-Based Analysis Reveals the Effects of Gestational Diabetes on the Gut Microbiota of Mice During Pregnancy. Indian J Microbiol 2020; 60:239-245. [PMID: 32372772 DOI: 10.1007/s12088-020-00862-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperglycemia is one of the metabolic characteristics of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Considering that GDM is able to cause changes in the gut bacterial community and function in the mother's intestine compared with healthy pregnant women, we aimed to clarify the correlation between hyperglycemia and gut microbiota in a GDM mouse model. Mice were divided into four groups: CE0, GDME0, CE18, and GDME18. C and GDM represent the control (C) and GDM groups, while E0 and E18 represent early or late trimesters of embryo day 0 or 18, respectively. GDM mouse models were created by injecting streptozocin on embryo day 0. The gut microbiota was characterized using the Illumina MiSeq platform targeting the V3-4 region of the 16S rRNA. Operational taxonomic unit analysis revealed a significant difference between CE18 and CE0, in which Akkermansia and Prevotellaceae were more abundant in the early trimester group, CE0. Moreover, the Clostridiales_vadinBB60 group was more abundant, while Parasutterella was much lower in GDME18 than in CE18. The gut microbiota community structure correlated with the GDM state, and LEfSe and molecular ecological network analysis further confirmed these diversities. Our research shows that changes in the community structure of the gut microbiota from the early to late trimester correlate with the GDM state. Changes in the abundance of the probiotic bacteria Akkermansia, Prevotellaceae, and Parasutterella may be involved in the GDM state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziting Yao
- 1College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, 543000 China
| | - Yu Long
- 2Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021 China
| | - Juan Ye
- 3Guangxi Key Laboratory of Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021 China
| | - Pu Li
- PFOMIC Bioinformatics Company, Nanning, 530004 China
| | - Yonghua Jiang
- 3Guangxi Key Laboratory of Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021 China
| | - Yanming Chen
- 5School of Electrical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 543004 China
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23
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Kretschmer T, Schulze-Edinghausen M, Turnwald EM, Janoschek R, Bae-Gartz I, Zentis P, Handwerk M, Wohlfarth M, Schauss A, Hucklenbruch-Rother E, Dötsch J, Appel S. Effect of Maternal Obesity in Mice on IL-6 Levels and Placental Endothelial Cell Homeostasis. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12020296. [PMID: 31979004 PMCID: PMC7071123 DOI: 10.3390/nu12020296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity during pregnancy is a known health risk for mother and child. Since obesity is associated with increased inflammatory markers, our objectives were to determine interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels in obese mice and to examine the effect of IL-6 on placental endothelial cells. Placentas, blood, and adipose tissue of C57BL/6N mice, kept on high fat diet before and during pregnancy, were harvested at E15.5. Serum IL-6 levels were determined and endothelial cell markers and IL-6 expression were measured by qRT-PCR and western blot. Immunostaining was used to determine surface and length densities of fetal capillary profiles and placental endothelial cell homeostasis. Human placental vein endothelial cells were cultured and subjected to proliferation, apoptosis, senescence, and tube formation assays after stimulation with hyperIL-6. Placental endothelial cell markers were downregulated and the percentage of senescent endothelial cells was higher in the placental exchange zone of obese dams and placental vascularization was strongly reduced. Additionally, maternal IL-6 serum levels and IL-6 protein levels in adipose tissue were increased. Stimulation with hyperIL-6 provoked a dose dependent increase of senescence in cultured endothelial cells without any effects on proliferation or apoptosis. Diet-induced maternal obesity led to an IUGR phenotype accompanied by increased maternal IL-6 serum levels. In the placenta of obese dams, this may result in a disturbed endothelial cell homeostasis and impaired fetal vasculature. Cell culture experiments confirmed that IL-6 is capable of inducing endothelial cell senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Kretschmer
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Strasse 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (M.S.-E.); (E.-M.T.); (R.J.); (I.B.-G.); (M.H.); (M.W.); (E.H.-R.); (J.D.); (S.A.)
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Strasse 21, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-221-478-89672
| | - Merle Schulze-Edinghausen
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Strasse 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (M.S.-E.); (E.-M.T.); (R.J.); (I.B.-G.); (M.H.); (M.W.); (E.H.-R.); (J.D.); (S.A.)
| | - Eva-Maria Turnwald
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Strasse 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (M.S.-E.); (E.-M.T.); (R.J.); (I.B.-G.); (M.H.); (M.W.); (E.H.-R.); (J.D.); (S.A.)
| | - Ruth Janoschek
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Strasse 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (M.S.-E.); (E.-M.T.); (R.J.); (I.B.-G.); (M.H.); (M.W.); (E.H.-R.); (J.D.); (S.A.)
| | - Inga Bae-Gartz
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Strasse 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (M.S.-E.); (E.-M.T.); (R.J.); (I.B.-G.); (M.H.); (M.W.); (E.H.-R.); (J.D.); (S.A.)
| | - Peter Zentis
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Core Facility Imaging, University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 26, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (P.Z.); (A.S.)
| | - Marion Handwerk
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Strasse 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (M.S.-E.); (E.-M.T.); (R.J.); (I.B.-G.); (M.H.); (M.W.); (E.H.-R.); (J.D.); (S.A.)
| | - Maria Wohlfarth
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Strasse 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (M.S.-E.); (E.-M.T.); (R.J.); (I.B.-G.); (M.H.); (M.W.); (E.H.-R.); (J.D.); (S.A.)
| | - Astrid Schauss
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Core Facility Imaging, University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 26, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (P.Z.); (A.S.)
| | - Eva Hucklenbruch-Rother
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Strasse 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (M.S.-E.); (E.-M.T.); (R.J.); (I.B.-G.); (M.H.); (M.W.); (E.H.-R.); (J.D.); (S.A.)
| | - Jörg Dötsch
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Strasse 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (M.S.-E.); (E.-M.T.); (R.J.); (I.B.-G.); (M.H.); (M.W.); (E.H.-R.); (J.D.); (S.A.)
| | - Sarah Appel
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Strasse 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (M.S.-E.); (E.-M.T.); (R.J.); (I.B.-G.); (M.H.); (M.W.); (E.H.-R.); (J.D.); (S.A.)
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24
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Upadhyay A, Anjum B, Godbole NM, Rajak S, Shukla P, Tiwari S, Sinha RA, Godbole MM. Time-restricted feeding reduces high-fat diet associated placental inflammation and limits adverse effects on fetal organ development. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 514:415-421. [PMID: 31053302 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.04.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Maternal nutrition has become a major public health concern over recent years and is a known predictor of adverse long-term metabolic derangement in offspring. Time-restricted feeding (TRF), wherein food consumption is restricted to the metabolically active phase of the day, is a dietary approach that improves metabolic parameters when consuming a high-fat diet (HFD). Here, we tested whether TRF could reduce maternal HFD associated inflammation and thereby mitigate defects in fetal organ developmental. Female rats were kept on following three dietary regimens; Ad libitum normal chow diet (NCD-AL), Ad libitum HFD (HFD-AL) and Time-restricted fed HFD (HFD-TRF) from 5 months prior to mating and continued throughout pregnancy. Rat dams were sacrificed at embryonic day 18.5 (ED18.5) and placental tissues from these rats were processed for the analysis of cellular apoptosis, inflammatory cytokines (TNFα and IL-6), oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and autophagy. Furthermore, fetal hepatic triglyceride (TG) content and fetal lung maturation were assessed at ED18.5. Biochemical analysis revealed that HFD-TRF rat had significantly lower serum TG levels and body weight compared to HFD-AL rats. Additionally, TRF significantly blocked HFD-induced placental apoptosis and inflammation via minimizing cellular stress, and restoring autophagic flux. In addition, fetal hepatosteatosis and delayed fetal lung maturation induced by HFD was significantly ameliorated in HFD-TRF compared to HFD-AL. Collectively, our results suggest that reducing placental inflammation via TRF could prevent adverse fetal metabolic outcomes in pregnancies complicated by maternal obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Upadhyay
- Dept. of Molecular Medicine & Biotechnology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India; Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Technical University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow, India
| | - B Anjum
- Dept. of Molecular Medicine & Biotechnology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India; Dept of Endocrinology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Nachiket M Godbole
- Dept. of Microbiology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Sangam Rajak
- Dept of Endocrinology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Pooja Shukla
- Dept of Pathology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Swasti Tiwari
- Dept. of Molecular Medicine & Biotechnology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Rohit A Sinha
- Dept of Endocrinology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India.
| | - Madan M Godbole
- Dept. of Molecular Medicine & Biotechnology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India.
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25
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Reijnders D, Olson KN, Liu CC, Beckers KF, Ghosh S, Redman LM, Sones JL. Dyslipidemia and the role of adipose tissue in early pregnancy in the BPH/5 mouse model for preeclampsia. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2019; 317:R49-R58. [PMID: 30995083 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00334.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The hypertensive pregnancy disorder preeclampsia (PE) is a leading cause of fetal and maternal morbidity/mortality. Obesity increases the risk to develop PE, presumably via the release of inflammatory mediators from the adipose tissue, but the exact etiology remains largely unknown. Using obese PE-like blood pressure high subline 5 (BPH/5) and lean gestational age-matched C57Bl6 mice, we aimed to obtain insight into differential reproductive white adipose tissue (rWAT) gene expression, circulating lipids and inflammation at the maternal-fetal interface during early pregnancy. In addition, we investigated the effect of 7 days 25% calorie restriction (CR) in early pregnancy on gene expression in rWAT and implantation sites. Compared with C57Bl6, female BPH/5 are dyslipidemic before pregnancy and show an amplification of rWAT mass, circulating cholesterol, free fatty acids, and triacylglycerol levels throughout pregnancy. RNA sequencing showed that pregnant BPH/5 mice have elevated gene enrichment in pathways related to inflammation and cholesterol biosynthesis at embryonic day (e) 7.5. Expression of cholesterol-related HMGCS1, MVD, Cyp51a1, and DHCR was validated by quantitative reverse-transcription-polymerase chain reaction. CR during the first 7 days of pregnancy restored the relative mRNA expression of these genes to a level comparable to C57Bl6 pregnant females and reduced the expression of circulating leptin and proinflammatory prostaglandin synthase 2 in both rWAT and implantation sites in BPH/5 mice at e7.5. Our data suggest a possible role for rWAT in the dyslipidemic state and inflammatory uterine milieu that might underlie the pathogenesis of PE. Future studies should further address the physiological functioning of the adipose tissue in relation to PE-related pregnancy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorien Reijnders
- Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University , Baton Rouge, Louisiana.,Reproductive Endocrinology & Women's Health Lab, Pennington Biomedical Research Center , Baton Rouge, Louisiana
| | - Kelsey N Olson
- Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University , Baton Rouge, Louisiana.,Reproductive Endocrinology & Women's Health Lab, Pennington Biomedical Research Center , Baton Rouge, Louisiana
| | - Chin-Chi Liu
- Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University , Baton Rouge, Louisiana
| | - Kalie F Beckers
- Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University , Baton Rouge, Louisiana
| | - Sujoy Ghosh
- Center for Computational Biology, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore.,Nutrient Sensing and Adipocyte Signaling Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center , Baton Rouge, Louisiana
| | - Leanne M Redman
- Reproductive Endocrinology & Women's Health Lab, Pennington Biomedical Research Center , Baton Rouge, Louisiana
| | - Jenny L Sones
- Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University , Baton Rouge, Louisiana
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26
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Velazquez MA, Fleming TP, Watkins AJ. Periconceptional environment and the developmental origins of disease. J Endocrinol 2019; 242:T33-T49. [PMID: 30707679 DOI: 10.1530/joe-18-0676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The concept emerging from Professor David Barker’s seminal research on the developmental origins of later-life disease has progressed in many directions since it was first published. One critical question being when during gestation might environment alter the developmental programme with such enduring consequences. Here, we review the growing consensus from clinical and animal research that the period around conception, embracing gamete maturation and early embryogenesis might be the most vulnerable period. We focus on four types of environmental exposure shown to modify periconceptional reproduction and offspring development and health: maternal overnutrition and obesity; maternal undernutrition; paternal diet and health; and assisted reproductive technology. These conditions may act through diverse epigenetic, cellular and physiological mechanisms to alter gene expression and cellular signalling and function in the conceptus affecting offspring growth and metabolism leading to increased risk for cardiometabolic and neurological disease in later life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A Velazquez
- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Tom P Fleming
- Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Adam J Watkins
- Division of Child Health, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
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27
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Chu A, Casero D, Thamotharan S, Wadehra M, Cosi A, Devaskar SU. The Placental Transcriptome in Late Gestational Hypoxia Resulting in Murine Intrauterine Growth Restriction Parallels Increased Risk of Adult Cardiometabolic Disease. Sci Rep 2019; 9:1243. [PMID: 30718791 PMCID: PMC6361888 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-37627-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) enhances risk for adult onset cardiovascular disease (CVD). The mechanisms underlying IUGR are poorly understood, though inadequate blood flow and oxygen/nutrient provision are considered common endpoints. Based on evidence in humans linking IUGR to adult CVD, we hypothesized that in murine pregnancy, maternal late gestational hypoxia (LG-H) exposure resulting in IUGR would result in (1) placental transcriptome changes linked to risk for later CVD, and 2) adult phenotypes of CVD in the IUGR offspring. After subjecting pregnant mice to hypoxia (10.5% oxygen) from gestational day (GD) 14.5 to 18.5, we undertook RNA sequencing from GD19 placentas. Functional analysis suggested multiple changes in structural and functional genes important for placental health and function, with maximal dysregulation involving vascular and nutrient transport pathways. Concordantly, a ~10% decrease in birthweights and ~30% decrease in litter size was observed, supportive of placental insufficiency. We also found that the LG-H IUGR offspring exhibit increased risk for CVD at 4 months of age, manifesting as hypertension, increased abdominal fat, elevated leptin and total cholesterol concentrations. In summary, this animal model of IUGR links the placental transcriptional response to the stressor of gestational hypoxia to increased risk of developing cardiometabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison Chu
- David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology & Developmental Biology, Neonatal Research Center of the UCLA Children's Discovery and Innovation Institute, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, MDCC B2-375, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
| | - David Casero
- David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, 3000 Terasaki Life Sciences Building, 610 Charles Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
| | - Shanthie Thamotharan
- David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology & Developmental Biology, Neonatal Research Center of the UCLA Children's Discovery and Innovation Institute, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, MDCC B2-375, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Madhuri Wadehra
- David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, 4525 MacDonald Research Laboratories, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Amy Cosi
- David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology & Developmental Biology, Neonatal Research Center of the UCLA Children's Discovery and Innovation Institute, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, MDCC B2-375, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Sherin U Devaskar
- David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology & Developmental Biology, Neonatal Research Center of the UCLA Children's Discovery and Innovation Institute, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, MDCC B2-375, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
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28
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Hill JW, Elias CF. Neuroanatomical Framework of the Metabolic Control of Reproduction. Physiol Rev 2019; 98:2349-2380. [PMID: 30109817 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00033.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A minimum amount of energy is required for basic physiological processes, such as protein biosynthesis, thermoregulation, locomotion, cardiovascular function, and digestion. However, for reproductive function and survival of the species, extra energy stores are necessary. Production of sex hormones and gametes, pubertal development, pregnancy, lactation, and parental care all require energy reserves. Thus the physiological systems that control energy homeostasis and reproductive function coevolved in mammals to support both individual health and species subsistence. In this review, we aim to gather scientific knowledge produced by laboratories around the world on the role of the brain in integrating metabolism and reproduction. We describe essential neuronal networks, highlighting key nodes and potential downstream targets. Novel animal models and genetic tools have produced substantial advances, but critical gaps remain. In times of soaring worldwide obesity and metabolic dysfunction, understanding the mechanisms by which metabolic stress alters reproductive physiology has become crucial for human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer W Hill
- Center for Diabetes and Endocrine Research, Departments of Physiology and Pharmacology and of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toledo College of Medicine , Toledo, Ohio ; and Departments of Molecular and Integrative Physiology and of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Carol F Elias
- Center for Diabetes and Endocrine Research, Departments of Physiology and Pharmacology and of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toledo College of Medicine , Toledo, Ohio ; and Departments of Molecular and Integrative Physiology and of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan
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The Relationship Between Pregnancy Exposure to Antidepressant and Atypical Antipsychotic Medications and Placental Weight and Birth Weight Ratio: A Retrospective Cohort Study. J Clin Psychopharmacol 2018; 38:563-569. [PMID: 30346334 DOI: 10.1097/jcp.0000000000000964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychotropic medication use in pregnancy has been associated with altered fetal growth. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between placental weight and placental weight-to-birth weight (PBW) ratio, as a potential marker of placental efficiency, and medication use in a cohort of women with severe mental illness in pregnancy. METHODS A retrospective database analysis was carried out on a cohort of pregnant women with severe mental illness (242 singleton pregnancies) and grouped according to their psychotropic medication use. Demographic, obstetric, neonatal, and psychiatric variables were analyzed using t tests, χ, analysis of variance, univariate, binary, and multiple regression adjusting for potential confounders. RESULTS Multiple regression analysis demonstrated a mean adjusted increase in placental weight of 114 g (95% confidence interval [CI], 60.2-165.6 g) in women taking antidepressant medication and 113 g (CI, 65.1-162.8 g) in women taking combined antidepressant and atypical antipsychotic medication in pregnancy. There was also a significantly elevated PBW ratio in these 2 medication groups (B 0.02: CI, 0.006-0.034; and B 0.025: CI, 0.012-0.038). Binary regression, adjusted for sex and gestational age, showed a significant odds ratio of 4.57 (95% CI, 2.17-9.62) for PBW ratio of greater than 90% in those taking antidepressant medication, either alone or in combination, compared with unmedicated women. CONCLUSIONS The use of antidepressant medication, alone or in combination, has a significant effect on placental weight and PBW ratio after adjusting for confounding variables. Given that this may reflect adverse effects on intrauterine growth and have possible long-term implications for the fetus, further research is warranted to confirm these findings.
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Yockey LJ, Iwasaki A. Interferons and Proinflammatory Cytokines in Pregnancy and Fetal Development. Immunity 2018; 49:397-412. [PMID: 30231982 PMCID: PMC6152841 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2018.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 296] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2018] [Revised: 05/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Successful pregnancy requires carefully-coordinated communications between the mother and fetus. Immune cells and cytokine signaling pathways participate as mediators of these communications to promote healthy pregnancy. At the same time, certain infections or inflammatory conditions in pregnant mothers cause severe disease and have detrimental impacts on the developing fetus. In this review, we examine evidence for the role of maternal and fetal immune responses affecting pregnancy and fetal development, both under homeostasis and following infection. We discuss immune responses that are necessary to promote healthy pregnancy and those that lead to congenital disorders and pregnancy complications, with a particular emphasis on the role of interferons and cytokines. Understanding the contributions of the immune system in pregnancy and fetal development provides important insights into the pathogenesis underlying maternal and fetal diseases and sheds insights on possible targets for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura J Yockey
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Akiko Iwasaki
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA.
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Woodruff TK. Endocrinology-It Takes All of Us. Endocrinology 2018; 159:1873-1874. [PMID: 29718328 DOI: 10.1210/en.2018-00229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Teresa K Woodruff
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
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Odle A, Allensworth-James M, Childs GV. The War on the Placenta: The Differing Battles of High-Fat Diet and Obesity. Endocrinology 2018; 159:1642-1643. [PMID: 29471404 PMCID: PMC5939634 DOI: 10.1210/en.2018-00070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Commentary on Mahany et al., “Obesity and High-Fat Diet Induce Distinct Changes in Placental Gene Expression and Pregnancy Outcome.”
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Odle
- Department of Neurobiology and Developmental Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Melody Allensworth-James
- Department of Neurobiology and Developmental Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Gwen V Childs
- Department of Neurobiology and Developmental Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
- Correspondence: Gwen V. Childs, PhD, Department of Neurobiology and Developmental Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W. Markham, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205. E-mail:
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Arabin B, Timmesfeld N, Noever K, Behnam S, Ellermann C, Jenny MA. How to improve health literacy to reduce short- and long-term consequences of maternal obesity? J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2018. [PMID: 29514529 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2018.1450383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Aim: To demonstrate the global challenge of maternal obesity and to propose models to increase awareness and health literacy. Methods: The regional perinatal data base and the international literature were reviewed to demonstrate the rising rates of maternal overweight and obesity causing major public health problems in low and high-resourced countries. A preliminary systematic review analyzing interventions in maternal obesity and a fact box based on a recent Cochrane review on dietary interventions were performed. Results: Between 2000 and 2015, the regional rates of maternal overweight and obesity have significantly increased, and the rate of morbid maternal obesity has even doubled. Pregnant women were insufficiently informed about the health risks and international recommendations for weight gain associated with pre-pregnancy body mass index. Scientific publications and guidelines of professional boards have not yet interrupted the vicious cycle of transgenerational transfer of associated health risks for the offspring. For the first time we propose a fact box to translate the results from a Cochrane review about dietary interventions into a transparent information for health care providers and patients which could help to improve awareness. Conclusions: Improving health literacy and translating clinical science into models which are understandable by policy makers, health care providers and parents is a challenge mainly if health risks are modifiable during gestation and could prevent the increasing burden of obesity for future societies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birgit Arabin
- a Center for Mother and Child , Philipps University Marburg , Marburg , Germany.,b Clara Angela Foundation , Witten , Germany
| | - Nina Timmesfeld
- c Department of Medical Biometry , Philipps University Marburg , Marburg , Germany
| | - Kathrin Noever
- a Center for Mother and Child , Philipps University Marburg , Marburg , Germany.,b Clara Angela Foundation , Witten , Germany
| | - Susann Behnam
- a Center for Mother and Child , Philipps University Marburg , Marburg , Germany.,b Clara Angela Foundation , Witten , Germany
| | - Christin Ellermann
- d Harding Center for Risk Literacy , Max Planck Institute for Human Development , Berlin , Germany
| | - Mirjam A Jenny
- d Harding Center for Risk Literacy , Max Planck Institute for Human Development , Berlin , Germany
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