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Yu Y, Qin X, Chen X, Nie H, Li J, Yao J. Suppression of retinal neovascularization by intravitreal injection of cryptotanshinone. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 720:150065. [PMID: 38749188 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Neovascular eye diseases, including proliferative diabetic retinopathy and retinopathy of prematurity, is a major cause of blindness. Laser ablation and intravitreal anti-VEGF injection have shown their limitations in treatment of retinal neovascularization. Identification of a new therapeutic strategies is in urgent need. Our study aims to assess the effects of Cryptotanshinone (CPT), a natural compound derived from Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, in retina neovascularization and explore its potential mechanism. Our study demonstrated that CPT did not cause retina tissue toxicity at the tested concentrations. Intravitreal injections of CPT reduced pathological angiogenesis and promoted physical angiogenesis in oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) model. CPT improve visual function in OIR mice and reduced cell apoptosis. Moreover, we also revealed that CPT diminishes the expression of inflammatory cytokines in the OIR retina. In vitro, the administration of CPT effectively inhibited endothelial cells proliferation, migration, sprouting, and tube formation induced by the stimulation of human retinal vascular endothelial cells (HRVECs) with VEGF165. Mechanistically, CPT blocking the phosphorylation of VEGFR2 and downstream targeting pathway. After all, the findings demonstrated that CPT exhibits potent anti-angiogenic and anti-inflammatory effects in OIR mice, and it has therapeutic potential for the treatment of neovascular retinal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yu
- Affiliated Eye Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xun Qin
- Affiliated Eye Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Affiliated Eye Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huiling Nie
- Affiliated Eye Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Juxue Li
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jin Yao
- Affiliated Eye Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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Dos Anjos Cordeiro JM, Santos LC, Santos BR, de Jesus Nascimento AE, Santos EO, Barbosa EM, de Macêdo IO, Mendonça LD, Sarmento-Neto JF, Pinho CS, Coura ETDS, Santos ADS, Rodrigues ME, Rebouças JS, De-Freitas-Silva G, Munhoz AD, de Lavor MSL, Silva JF. Manganese porphyrin-based treatment improves fetal-placental development and protects against oxidative damage and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in a rat maternal hypothyroidism model. Redox Biol 2024; 74:103238. [PMID: 38870780 PMCID: PMC11225907 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) are at the genesis of placental disorders observed in preeclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction, and maternal hypothyroidism. In this regard, cationic manganese porphyrins (MnPs) comprise potent redox-active therapeutics of high antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential, which have not been evaluated in metabolic gestational diseases yet. This study evaluated the therapeutic potential of two MnPs, [MnTE-2-PyP]5+ (MnP I) and [MnT(5-Br-3-E-Py)P]5+ (MnP II), in the fetal-placental dysfunction of hypothyroid rats. Hypothyroidism was induced by administration of 6-Propyl-2-thiouracil (PTU) and treatment with MnPs I and II 0.1 mg/kg/day started on the 8th day of gestation (DG). The fetal and placental development, and protein and/or mRNA expression of antioxidant mediators (SOD1, CAT, GPx1), hypoxia (HIF1α), oxidative damage (8-OHdG, MDA), ERS (GRP78 and CHOP), immunological (TNFα, IL-6, IL-10, IL-1β, IL-18, NLRP3, Caspase1, Gasdermin D) and angiogenic (VEGF) were evaluated in the placenta and decidua on the 18th DG using immunohistochemistry and qPCR. ROS and peroxynitrite (PRX) were quantified by fluorometric assay, while enzyme activities of SOD, GST, and catalase were evaluated by colorimetric assay. MnPs I and II increased fetal body mass in hypothyroid rats, and MnP I increased fetal organ mass. MnPs restored the junctional zone morphology in hypothyroid rats and increased placental vascularization. MnPs blocked the increase of OS and ERS mediators caused by hypothyroidism, showing similar levels of expression of HIFα, 8-OHdG, MDA, Gpx1, GRP78, and Chop to the control. Moreover, MnPs I and/or II increased the protein expression of SOD1, Cat, and GPx1 and restored the expression of IL10, Nlrp3, and Caspase1 in the decidua and/or placenta. However, MnPs did not restore the low placental enzyme activity of SOD, CAT, and GST caused by hypothyroidism, while increased the decidual and placental protein expression of TNFα. The results show that treatment with MnPs improves the fetal-placental development and the placental inflammatory state of hypothyroid rats and protects against oxidative stress and reticular stress caused by hypothyroidism at the maternal-fetal interface.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luciano Cardoso Santos
- Centro de Microscopia Eletrônica, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Brazil
| | - Bianca Reis Santos
- Centro de Microscopia Eletrônica, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Brazil
| | | | - Emilly Oliveira Santos
- Centro de Microscopia Eletrônica, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Brazil
| | - Erikles Macêdo Barbosa
- Centro de Microscopia Eletrônica, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Brazil
| | - Isabela Oliveira de Macêdo
- Centro de Microscopia Eletrônica, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Brazil
| | - Letícia Dias Mendonça
- Centro de Microscopia Eletrônica, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Brazil
| | - José Ferreira Sarmento-Neto
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Joao Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Clarice Santos Pinho
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Acácio de Sá Santos
- Centro de Microscopia Eletrônica, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Brazil
| | - Marciel Elio Rodrigues
- Departamento de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Universidade Estadual Do Sudoeste da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista, Brazil
| | - Júlio Santos Rebouças
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Joao Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Gilson De-Freitas-Silva
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Dias Munhoz
- Centro de Microscopia Eletrônica, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Brazil
| | - Mário Sérgio Lima de Lavor
- Centro de Microscopia Eletrônica, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Brazil
| | - Juneo Freitas Silva
- Centro de Microscopia Eletrônica, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Brazil.
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Umapathy A, Clark A, Sehgal A, Karanam V, Rajaraman G, Kalionis B, Jones H, James J, Murthi P. Molecular regulators of defective placental and cardiovascular development in fetal growth restriction. Clin Sci (Lond) 2024; 138:761-775. [PMID: 38904187 PMCID: PMC11193155 DOI: 10.1042/cs20220428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Placental insufficiency is one of the major causes of fetal growth restriction (FGR), a significant pregnancy disorder in which the fetus fails to achieve its full growth potential in utero. As well as the acute consequences of being born too small, affected offspring are at increased risk of cardiovascular disease, diabetes and other chronic diseases in later life. The placenta and heart develop concurrently, therefore placental maldevelopment and function in FGR may have profound effect on the growth and differentiation of many organ systems, including the heart. Hence, understanding the key molecular players that are synergistically linked in the development of the placenta and heart is critical. This review highlights the key growth factors, angiogenic molecules and transcription factors that are common causes of defective placental and cardiovascular development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anandita Umapathy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Alys Clark
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, New Zealand
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, Bioengineering Institute, New Zealand
| | - Arvind Sehgal
- Department of Paediatrics, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia and Monash Newborn, Monash Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Vijaya Karanam
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Newborn Health, University of Melbourne and Royal Women’s Hospital, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gayathri Rajaraman
- First year college, Victoria University, St Albans, Victoria 3021, Australia
| | - Bill Kalionis
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Newborn Health, University of Melbourne and Royal Women’s Hospital, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Pregnancy Research Centre, Royal Women’s Hospital, Victoria, Australia
| | - Helen N. Jones
- Department of Physiology and Aging, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, U.S.A
- Center for Research in Perinatal Outcomes, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, U.S.A
| | - Jo James
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, New Zealand
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, Bioengineering Institute, New Zealand
| | - Padma Murthi
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Newborn Health, University of Melbourne and Royal Women’s Hospital, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Pregnancy Research Centre, Royal Women’s Hospital, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Pharmacology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
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Thakkar D, Singh S, Wairkar S. Advanced Delivery Strategies of Nintedanib for Lung Disorders and Beyond: A Comprehensive Review. AAPS PharmSciTech 2024; 25:150. [PMID: 38954161 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-024-02869-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Nintedanib, a primary treatment for lung fibrosis, has gathered substantial attention due to its multifaceted potential. A tyrosine kinase inhibitor, nintedanib, inhibits multiple signalling receptors, including endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR), platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR), and fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) and ultimately inhibits fibroblast proliferation and differentiation. Therefore, nintedanib has been studied widely for other ailments like cancers and hepatic fibrosis, apart from lung disorders. Commercially, nintedanib is available as soft gelatin capsules for treatment against idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Since it has very low oral bioavailability (4.7%), high doses of a drug, such as 100-150 mg, are administered, which can cause problems of gastrointestinal irritation and hepatotoxicity. The article begins with exploring the mechanism of action of nintedanib, elucidating its complex interactions within cellular pathways that govern fibrotic processes. It also emphasizes the pharmacokinetics of nintedanib, clinical trial insights, and the limitations of conventional formulations. The article mainly focuses on the emerging landscape of nanoparticle-based carriers such as hybrid liposome-exosome, nano liquid crystals, discoidal polymeric, and magnetic systems, offering promising avenues to optimize drug targeting, address its efficacy issues and minimise adverse effects. However, none of these delivery systems are commercialised, and further research is required to ensure safety and effectiveness in clinical settings. Yet, as research progresses, these advanced delivery systems promise to revolutionise the treatment landscape for various fibrotic disorders and cancers, potentially improving patient outcomes and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhruti Thakkar
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKMs NMIMS, V.L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400056, India
| | - Sanskriti Singh
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKMs NMIMS, V.L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400056, India
| | - Sarika Wairkar
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKMs NMIMS, V.L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400056, India.
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Wang J, Wang S, Zhang J, Ji D, Huang ZS, Li D. Regulation of VEGF gene expression by bisacridine derivative through promoter i-motif for cancer treatment. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2024; 1868:130631. [PMID: 38685534 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2024.130631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is overexpressed in most malignant tumors, which has important impact on tumor angiogenesis and development. Its gene promoter i-motif structure formed by C-rich sequence can regulate gene expression, which is a promising new target for anti-tumor therapy. METHODS We screened various compounds and studied their effects on VEGF through extensive experiments, including SPR, MST, TO displacement, FRET, CD, ESI-MS, NMR, MTT, clone formation, qPCR, Western blot, dual-luciferase reporter assay, immunofluorescence, cell scrape, apoptosis, transwell assay, and animal model. RESULTS After extensive screening, bisacridine derivative B09 was found to have selective binding and stabilization to VEGF promoter i-motif, which could down-regulate VEGF gene expression. B09 showed potent inhibition on MCF-7 and HGC-27 cell proliferation and metastasis. B09 significantly inhibited tumor growth in xenograft mice model with HGC-27 cells, showing decreased VEGF expression analyzed through immunohistochemistry. CONCLUSION B09 could specifically regulate VEGF gene expression, possibly through interacting with promoter i-motif structure. As a lead compound, B09 could be further developed for innovative anti-cancer agent targeting VEGF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou University City, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Siyi Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou University City, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Jiahui Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou University City, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Dongsheng Ji
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou University City, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Zhi-Shu Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou University City, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Ding Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou University City, Guangzhou, PR China.
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Bang FS, Leeberg V, Ding M, Dreyer CH. The effect of VEGF stimulation in diabetic foot ulcers: A systematic review. Wound Repair Regen 2024; 32:384-392. [PMID: 38494793 DOI: 10.1111/wrr.13171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Diabetic foot ulcers are a common and severe complication of diabetes mellitus, and a risk factor for amputation. Because of the vessel insufficiency in diabetic foot ulcers (DFU), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) that simulates angiogenesis is of interest to promote wound healing. This systematic review evaluates the last 16 years of in-vivo studies with VEGF stimulation as a treatment for DFU, developed based on the last published systematic article. A total of 961 articles were identified through databases in two phases. 947 articles were excluded by exclusion criteria, and four articles met our inclusion criteria and were included. The effects of VEGF on wound healing were analysed in all four studies. In three studies, the VEGF-treated wounds showed statistically faster healing than those not treated with VEGF. In one study, the VEGF-treated wounds revealed a positive trend toward faster healing. Furthermore, all four studies were in favor of using VEGF, but concluded that further research is needed. These studies showed a positive trend towards faster healing and was safe when using VEGF topically on humans. Furthermore, viral particles of VEGF seem to have a systematic effect when a dose exceeding 5.0 × 109 vp pr wound. Future research in using VEGF on DFU should focus on VEGF's relevant dosage, release rate, and specific mechanism. This review inspires further research, and a consistent study design is prerequisite such that results are more homogenic and comparable. Much effort is needed to translate the results into our clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederik S Bang
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Veronica Leeberg
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Odense University Hospital, Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Ming Ding
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, CORI-Centre for Orthopaedic Research and Innovation, Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse, Denmark
| | - Chris H Dreyer
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Odense University Hospital, Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, CORI-Centre for Orthopaedic Research and Innovation, Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse, Denmark
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Wang J, Wu X, Fang J, Li Q. Intervention of exogenous VEGF protect brain microvascular endothelial cells from hypoxia-induced injury by regulating PLCγ/RAS/ERK and PI3K/AKT pathways. Exp Gerontol 2024; 192:112452. [PMID: 38718888 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2024.112452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke rapidly increases the expression level of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which promotes neovascularization during hypoxia. However, the effect and mechanism of VEGF intervention on cerebrovascular formation remain unclear. Therefore, our research discussed the protective effect of exogenous VEGF on cells in hypoxia environment in cerebral microvascular endothelial cells, simulating ischemic stroke in hypoxic environment. Firstly, we detected the proliferation and apoptosis of cerebral microvascular endothelial cells under hypoxia environment, as well the expression levels of VEGF-E, vascular endothelial growth factor re-ceptor-2 (VEGFR-2), BCL2, PRKCE and PINK1. Moreover, immunofluorescence and western blotting were used to verify the regulation of exogenous VEGF-E on VEGFR-2 expression in hypoxic or normal oxygen environment. Lastly, we manipulated the concentration of VEGF-E in the culture medium to investigate its impact on phospholipase Cγ1 (PLCγ1)/extracellular signaling regulatory protein kinase (ERK) -1/2 and protein kinase B (AKT) pathways. Additionally, we employed a PLCγ1 inhibitor (U73122) to investigate its impact on proliferation and PLCγ1/ERK pathways. The results show that hypoxia inhibited the proliferation of cerebral microvascular endothelial cells, promoted cell apoptosis, significantly up-regulated the expression of VEGF-E, VEGFR-2, PRKCE and PINK1, but down-regulated the expression of BCL2. Interference from exogenous VEGF-E activated PLCγ1/ERK-1/2 and AKT pathways, promoting cell proliferation and inhibiting apoptosis of hypoxic brain microvascular endothelial cells. In summary, exogenous VEGF-E prevents hypoxia-induced damage to cerebral microvascular endothelial cells by activating the PLCγ1/ERK and AKT pathways. This action inhibits the apoptosis pathway in hypoxic cerebral microvascular endothelial cells, thereby safeguarding the blood-brain barrier and the nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiani Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiang Wu
- Department of Neurology, Wushan County People's Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Jincai Fang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China.
| | - Qian Li
- Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing, China; Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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Huang C, Tan H, Wang J, Huang L, Liu H, Shi Y, Zhong C, Weng S, Chen C, Zhao W, Lin Z, Li J, Zhi F, Zhang B. β-hydroxybutyrate restrains colitis-associated tumorigenesis by inhibiting HIF-1α-mediated angiogenesis. Cancer Lett 2024; 593:216940. [PMID: 38729554 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Decreased levels of β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), a lipid metabolic intermediate known to slow the progression of colorectal cancer (CRC), have been observed in the colon mucosa of patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). In particular, patients with recurrent IBD present an increased risk of developing colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC). The role and molecular mechanism of BHB in the inflammatory and carcinogenic process of CAC remains unclear. Here, the anti-tumor effect of BHB was investigated in the Azoxymethane (AOM)/Dextran Sulfate Sodium (DSS)-induced CAC model and tumor organoids derivatives. The underlying mechanisms were studied using transcriptome and non-target metabolomic assay and further validated in colon tumor cell lineage CT26 in vitro. The tumor tissues and the nearby non-malignant tissues from colon cancer patients were collected to measure the expression levels of ketogenic enzymes. The exogenous BHB supplement lightened tumor burden and angiogenesis in the CAC model. Notably, transcriptome analysis revealed that BHB effectively decreased the expression of VEGFA in the CAC tumor mucosa. In vitro, BHB directly reduced VEGFA expression in hypoxic-treated CT26 cells by targeting transcriptional factor HIF-1α. Conversely, the deletion of HIF-1α largely reversed the inhibitory effect of BHB on CAC tumorigenesis. Additionally, decreased expression of ketogenesis-related enzymes in tumor tissues were associated with poor survival outcomes in patients with colon cancer. In summary, BHB carries out anti-angiogenic activity in CAC by regulating HIF-1α/VEGFA signaling. These findings emphasize the role of BHB in CAC and may provide novel perspectives for the prevention and treatment of colonic tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongyang Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huishi Tan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Linwen Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongbin Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Institute of Gastroenterology of Guangdong Province, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanqiang Shi
- Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cailing Zhong
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Senhui Weng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunhui Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenyingzi Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zelong Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jierui Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Faculty of Medical Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fachao Zhi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Institute of Gastroenterology of Guangdong Province, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Beiping Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
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Feng B, Li X, Li Z, Zhao J, Liu K, Xie F, Zhang X. In vitro evaluation of the toxicological effects of cooking oil fumes using a self-designed microfluidic chip. Toxicol Mech Methods 2024:1-10. [PMID: 38887111 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2024.2369941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Cooking oil fumes (COFs) are widely acknowledged as substantial contributors to indoor air pollution, having detrimental effects on human health. Despite the existence of commercialized in vitro aerosol exposure platforms, assessment risks of aerosol pollutants are primarily evaluated based on multiwell plate experiments by trapping and redissolving aerosols to conduct comprehensive in vitro immersion exposure manner. Therefore, an innovative real-time exposure system for COF aerosol was constructed, featuring a self-designed microfluidic chip as its focal component. The chip was used to assess toxicological effects of in vitro exposure to COF aerosol on cells cultured at the gas-liquid interface. Meanwhile, we used transcriptomics to analyze genes that exhibited differential expression in cells induced by COF aerosol. The findings indicated that the MAPK signaling pathway, known for its involvement in inflammatory response and oxidative stress, played a crucial role in the biological effects induced by COF aerosol. Biomarkers associated with inflammatory response and oxidative stress exhibited corresponding alterations. Furthermore, the concentration of COF aerosol exposure and post-exposure duration exert decisive effects on these biomarkers. Thus, the study suggests that COF can induce oxidative stress and inflammatory response in BEAS-2B cells, potentially exerting a discernible impact on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyang Feng
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Chemistry, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Xiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Chemistry, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, PR China
- Beijing Life Science Academy, Beijing, PR China
| | - Zezhi Li
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Chemistry, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, PR China
- Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Junwei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Chemistry, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, PR China
- Beijing Life Science Academy, Beijing, PR China
| | - Kejian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Chemistry, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Fuwei Xie
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Chemistry, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Xiaobing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Chemistry, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, PR China
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10
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Yang Y, Yu Y, Fan Y, Li H. Evolving treatment landscape in thymic epithelial tumors: From mechanism to therapy. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2024; 1879:189145. [PMID: 38942215 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2024.189145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
Thymic epithelial tumors (TETs) are rare neoplasms of the anterior mediastinum that arise from thymic epithelial cells. Although surgery is the preferred treatment for resectable TETs, the options for unresectable or recurrent advanced-stage TETs are limited beyond platinum-based chemotherapy. The evolving landscape of TET treatments is marked by significant advancements in targeted therapies and immunotherapies, particularly with anti-angiogenic agents and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). While monotherapies demonstrated certain efficacy, the development of combination strategies is vital for improving patient outcomes. This review consolidates progress in anti-angiogenic therapies and ICIs, emphasizing the evolution of combination therapies of TETs. Furtherly, we particularly discuss new first-line strategies based on these advancements and emphasizes exploring novel treatments like antibody-drug conjugates, immunomodulatory drugs and cytokine-based agents for TETs. Mechanistically, the molecular features of TETs integrated with clinical diagnosis and targeted therapy, and immunophenotyping of TETs along with its impact on the efficacy and safety of immunotherapy are discussed. Thus, this review systemizes the development in the treatment landscape of TETs, integrating the corresponding molecular and immune mechanisms, aiming to provide new references for the treatment of TETs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yehao Yang
- Department of Thoracic Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China
| | - Ying Yu
- Department of Thoracic Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China
| | - Yun Fan
- Department of Thoracic Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China.
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Thoracic Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China.
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11
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Fan W, Zeng S, Wang X, Wang G, Liao D, Li R, He S, Li W, Huang J, Li X, Liu J, Li N, Hou S. A feedback loop driven by H3K9 lactylation and HDAC2 in endothelial cells regulates VEGF-induced angiogenesis. Genome Biol 2024; 25:165. [PMID: 38918851 PMCID: PMC11197246 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-024-03308-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is one of the most powerful proangiogenic factors and plays an important role in multiple diseases. Increased glycolytic rates and lactate accumulation are associated with pathological angiogenesis. RESULTS Here, we show that a feedback loop between H3K9 lactylation (H3K9la) and histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2) in endothelial cells drives VEGF-induced angiogenesis. We find that the H3K9la levels are upregulated in endothelial cells in response to VEGF stimulation. Pharmacological inhibition of glycolysis decreases H3K9 lactylation and attenuates neovascularization. CUT& Tag analysis reveals that H3K9la is enriched at the promoters of a set of angiogenic genes and promotes their transcription. Interestingly, we find that hyperlactylation of H3K9 inhibits expression of the lactylation eraser HDAC2, whereas overexpression of HDAC2 decreases H3K9 lactylation and suppresses angiogenesis. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, our study illustrates that H3K9la is important for VEGF-induced angiogenesis, and interruption of the H3K9la/HDAC2 feedback loop may represent a novel therapeutic method for treating pathological neovascularization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Fan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, China
| | - Shuhao Zeng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaotang Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, China
| | - Guoqing Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, China
| | - Dan Liao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, China
| | - Ruonan Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, China
| | - Siyuan He
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, China
| | - Wanqian Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiaxing Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, China
| | - Xingran Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiangyi Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100005, China.
| | - Shengping Hou
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, China.
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing, 100730, China.
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12
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Kim BH, Chung YH, Woo TG, Kang SM, Park S, Kim M, Park BJ. NF2-Related Schwannomatosis (NF2): Molecular Insights and Therapeutic Avenues. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6558. [PMID: 38928264 PMCID: PMC11204266 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
NF2-related schwannomatosis (NF2) is a genetic syndrome characterized by the growth of benign tumors in the nervous system, particularly bilateral vestibular schwannomas, meningiomas, and ependymomas. This review consolidates the current knowledge on NF2 syndrome, emphasizing the molecular pathology associated with the mutations in the gene of the same name, the NF2 gene, and the subsequent dysfunction of its product, the Merlin protein. Merlin, a tumor suppressor, integrates multiple signaling pathways that regulate cell contact, proliferation, and motility, thereby influencing tumor growth. The loss of Merlin disrupts these pathways, leading to tumorigenesis. We discuss the roles of another two proteins potentially associated with NF2 deficiency as well as Merlin: Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP), which may promote tumor growth, and Raf kinase inhibitory protein (RKIP), which appears to suppress tumor development. Additionally, this review discusses the efficacy of various treatments, such as molecular therapies that target specific pathways or inhibit neomorphic protein-protein interaction caused by NF2 deficiency. This overview not only expands on the fundamental understanding of NF2 pathophysiology but also explores the potential of novel therapeutic targets that affect the clinical approach to NF2 syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bae-Hoon Kim
- Rare Disease R&D Center, PRG S&T Co., Ltd., Busan 46274, Republic of Korea; (B.-H.K.)
| | - Yeon-Ho Chung
- Rare Disease R&D Center, PRG S&T Co., Ltd., Busan 46274, Republic of Korea; (B.-H.K.)
| | - Tae-Gyun Woo
- Rare Disease R&D Center, PRG S&T Co., Ltd., Busan 46274, Republic of Korea; (B.-H.K.)
| | - So-mi Kang
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Science, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyoung Park
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Science, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Minju Kim
- Rare Disease R&D Center, PRG S&T Co., Ltd., Busan 46274, Republic of Korea; (B.-H.K.)
| | - Bum-Joon Park
- Rare Disease R&D Center, PRG S&T Co., Ltd., Busan 46274, Republic of Korea; (B.-H.K.)
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Science, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
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13
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Ramli I, Cheriet T, Thuan DTB, Khoi DN, Thu DNK, Posadino AM, Fenu G, Sharifi-Rad J, Pintus G. Potential applications of antofine and its synthetic derivatives in cancer therapy: structural and molecular insights. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024:10.1007/s00210-024-03180-x. [PMID: 38842561 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-03180-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Cancer is a major global health challenge, being the second leading cause of morbidity and mortality after cardiovascular disease. The growing economic burden and profound psychosocial impact on patients and their families make it urgent to find innovative and effective anticancer solutions. For this reason, interest in using natural compounds to develop new cancer treatments has grown. In this respect, antofine, an alkaloid class found in Apocynaceae, Lauraceae, and Moraceae family plants, exhibits promising biological properties, including anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antiviral, and antifungal activities. Several molecular mechanisms have been identified underlying antofine anti-cancerous effects, including the inhibition of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) and AKT/mTOR signaling pathways, epigenetic inhibition of protein synthesis, ribosomal targeting, induction of apoptosis, inhibition of DNA synthesis, and cell cycle arrest. This study discusses the molecular structure, sources, photochemistry, and anticancer properties of antofine in relation to its structure-activity relationship and molecular targets. Then, examine in vitro and in vivo studies and analyze the mechanisms of action underpinning antofine efficacy against cancer cells. This review also discusses multidrug resistance in human cancer and the potential of antofine in this context. Safety and toxicity concerns are also addressed as well as current challenges in antofine research, including the need for clinical trials and bioavailability optimization. This review aims to provide comprehensive information for more effective natural compound-based cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman Ramli
- Laboratory of Applied Biochemistry, Faculté Des Sciences de La Nature Et de La Vie, Université Frères Mentouri Constantine 1, 25000, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Thamere Cheriet
- Unité de Valorisation Des Ressources Naturelles, Molécules Bioactives Et Analyses Physicochimiques Et Biologiques, Université Des Frères Mentouri Constantine, 25000, Constantine, Algeria
- Département Science de La Nature Et de La Vie, Faculté Des Sciences Exactes Et Science de La Natute Et de La Vie, Université Mohammed Boudiaf-Oum El-Bouaghi, 04000, Oum El-Bouaghi, Algeria
| | | | - Dang Ngoc Khoi
- College of Health Sciences, VinUniversity, Gia Lam, 100000, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | | | - Anna Maria Posadino
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43B, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Grazia Fenu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43B, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Gianfranco Pintus
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43B, 07100, Sassari, Italy.
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences and Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
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14
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Giannos SA, Kraft ER, Luisi JD, Schmitz-Brown ME, Reffatto V, Merkley KH, Gupta PK. Topical Solution for Retinal Delivery: Bevacizumab and Ranibizumab Eye Drops in Anti-Aggregation Formula (AAF) in Rabbits. Pharm Res 2024; 41:1247-1256. [PMID: 38839719 PMCID: PMC11196329 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-024-03721-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a blinding retinal disease. Monthly intravitreal anti-VEGF antibody injections of bevacizumab (off-label) and ranibizumab (FDA approved) are the standard of care. Antibody aggregation may interfere with ocular absorption/distribution. This study assessed topical delivery of dilute antibodies to the posterior segment of rabbit eyes using a novel anti-aggregation formula (AAF). METHODS Bevacizumab, or biosimilar ranibizumab was diluted to 5 mg/ml in AAF. All rabbits were dosed twice daily. Substudy 1 rabbits (bevacizumab, 100 µl eye drops): Group 1 (bevacizumab/AAF, n = 6); Group 2 (bevacizumab/PBS, n = 7) and Vehicle control (AAF, n = 1). Substudy 2 rabbits (ranibizumab biosimilar/AAF, 50 µl eye drops): (ranibizumab biosimilar/AAF, n = 8). At 14.5 days, serum was drawn from rabbits. Aqueous, vitreous and retina samples were recovered from eyes and placed into AAF aliquots. Tissue analyzed using AAF as diluent. RESULTS Bevacizumab in AAF permeated/accumulated in rabbit aqueous, vitreous and retina 10 times more, than when diluted in PBS. AAF/0.1% hyaluronic acid eye drops, dosed twice daily, provided mean tissue concentrations (ng/g) in retina (29.50), aqueous (12.34), vitreous (3.46), and serum (0.28 ng/ml). Additionally, the highest concentration (ng/g) of ranibizumab biosimilar was present in the retina (18.0), followed by aqueous (7.82) and vitreous (1.47). Serum concentration was negligible (< 0.04 ng/ml). No irritation was observed throughout the studies. CONCLUSIONS Bevacizumab and ranibizumab, in an AAF diluent eye drop, can be delivered to the retina, by the twice daily dosing of a low concentration mAb formulation. This may prove to be an adjunct to intravitreal injections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven A Giannos
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
| | - Edward R Kraft
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Jonathan D Luisi
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Mary E Schmitz-Brown
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Valentina Reffatto
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Kevin H Merkley
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Praveena K Gupta
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
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15
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Xiu AY, Ding Q, Zhu CP, Zhang CQ. The α-1 Adrenergic Receptor Antagonist Doxazosin Attenuates Liver Fibrosis by Alleviating Sinusoidal Capillarization and Liver Angiogenesis. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2024; 8:e2300513. [PMID: 38494421 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202300513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Liver fibrosis and cirrhosis, which are caused by chronic liver injury, represent common and intractable clinical challenges of global importance. However, effective therapeutics are lacking. Therefore, the study examines the effect of doxazosin on liver fibrosis. Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) is injected into mice to establish a liver fibrosis model. Doxazosin (5 and 10 mg/kg) is administered daily by gavage. HE staining, Masson staining, Sirius Red staining, scanning electron microscopy, western blotting, real-time PCR, and immunofluorescence analysis are performed to estimate liver fibrosis and sinusoidal capillarization in mice. Cell Counting Kit-8 assays, western blotting, immunofluorescence analysis, tube formation, and transwell migration assays are performed on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and human hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cells (HHSECs) to elucidate the potential mechanism of doxazosin. Doxazosin alleviates liver fibrosis and sinusoidal capillarization in CCl4-induced mice. Angiogenesis is attenuated by doxazosin in HUVECs and HHSECs. This study demonstrates that doxazosin attenuated liver fibrosis by alleviating sinusoidal capillarization and liver angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai-Yuan Xiu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Qian Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Chang-Peng Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China
| | - Chun-Qing Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
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16
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Zhang W, Kaser-Eichberger A, Fan W, Platzl C, Schrödl F, Heindl LM. The structure and function of the human choroid. Ann Anat 2024; 254:152239. [PMID: 38432349 DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2024.152239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
In this manuscript, the structure of the human choroid is reviewed with emphasis of the macro- and microscopic anatomy including Bruch's membrane, choriocapillaris, Sattler's and Haller's layer, and the suprachoroid. We here discuss the development of the choroid, as well as the question of choroidal lymphatics, and further the neuronal control of this tissue, as well as the pathologic angiogenesis. Wherever possible, functional aspects of the various structures are included and reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weina Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Alexandra Kaser-Eichberger
- Center for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology -Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Wanlin Fan
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christian Platzl
- Center for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology -Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Falk Schrödl
- Center for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology -Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Ludwig M Heindl
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
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17
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Finding EJT, Faulkner A, Nash L, Wheeler-Jones CPD. Equine Endothelial Cells Show Pro-Angiogenic Behaviours in Response to Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 but Not Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6017. [PMID: 38892205 PMCID: PMC11172845 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Understanding the factors which control endothelial cell (EC) function and angiogenesis is crucial for developing the horse as a disease model, but equine ECs remain poorly studied. In this study, we have optimised methods for the isolation and culture of equine aortic endothelial cells (EAoECs) and characterised their angiogenic functions in vitro. Mechanical dissociation, followed by magnetic purification using an anti-VE-cadherin antibody, resulted in EC-enriched cultures suitable for further study. Fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) increased the EAoEC proliferation rate and stimulated scratch wound closure and tube formation by EAoECs on the extracellular matrix. Pharmacological inhibitors of FGF receptor 1 (FGFR1) (SU5402) or mitogen-activated protein kinase (MEK) (PD184352) blocked FGF2-induced extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) phosphorylation and functional responses, suggesting that these are dependent on FGFR1/MEK-ERK signalling. In marked contrast, vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) had no effect on EAoEC proliferation, migration, or tubulogenesis and did not promote ERK1/2 phosphorylation, indicating a lack of sensitivity to this classical pro-angiogenic growth factor. Gene expression analysis showed that unlike human ECs, FGFR1 is expressed by EAoECs at a much higher level than both VEGF receptor (VEGFR)1 and VEGFR2. These results suggest a predominant role for FGF2 versus VEGF-A in controlling the angiogenic functions of equine ECs. Collectively, our novel data provide a sound basis for studying angiogenic processes in horses and lay the foundations for comparative studies of EC biology in horses versus humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth J. T. Finding
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, Royal College Street, London NW1 0TU, UK; (A.F.); (L.N.); (C.P.D.W.-J.)
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18
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Li K, Wang Y, Huang P. Association of Four VEGFA Gene Variants with Rheumatoid Arthritis Risk: A Meta-analysis and Trial Sequential Analysis. Biochem Genet 2024:10.1007/s10528-024-10834-1. [PMID: 38814384 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-024-10834-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
The association between rheumatoid arthritis (RA) risk and specific variants of the Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A (VEGFA) gene remains contentious. This study sought to elucidate the correlations between RA risk and several VEGFA gene variants, including VEGFA-634 (rs2010963), VEGFA-C936 (rs3025039), VEGFA-2578 (rs699947), VEGFA-1154 (rs1570360), through a comprehensive meta-analysis. We systematically reviewed literature from the Cochrane Library database, Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and the Wanfang Data Information Service platform to gather relevant case-control studies. Using odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI), we analyzed the data to assess potential correlations. Sensitivity analysis and the Egger's test were employed to ensure the results stability and to evaluate potential publication bias. Additionally, trial sequential analysis (TSA) was conducted to validate the findings. Our meta-analysis incorporated ten studies involving 2817 patients and 2855 controls. Results indicated that the AA genotype of VEGFA-1154 (rs1570360) is associated with a reduced risk of RA in the overall population (AG + GG vs AA: P = 0.032 OR = 1.932 95% CI 1.059-3.523). However, no significant association is found for VEGFA-634 (rs2010963), VEGFA-C936 (rs3025039), and VEGFA-2578 (rs699947) variants with RA risk. Subgroup analysis revealed a significant association between the VEGF rs3025039(C936) variant and RA risk in the PCR-RFLP group under the TC vs. CC model. TSA confirmed the sufficiency of the sample size for robust conclusions. These findings suggest that the G allele of VEGFA-1154 (rs1570360) may increase RA risk, whereas the A allele appears to confer a protective effect. This study enhances our understanding of the genetic predispositions to RA and underscores the potential role of VEGFA gene variants in its pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Li
- Queen Mary School, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Yilu Wang
- Queen Mary School, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Peng Huang
- Center for Evidence-Based Medicine, School of Public Health, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, No. 461, Bayi Avenue, Donghu District, Nanchang, 330006, China.
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China.
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19
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Santos LC, Oliveira VQ, Teixeira SC, Correia TML, Andrade LOSB, Polloni L, Marques LM, Clissa PB, Baldo C, Ferro EAV, Gusmão ACMDM, Silva MJB, Sanabani SS, Ávila VDMR, Lopes DS. PLA 2-MjTX-II from Bothrops moojeni snake venom exhibits antimetastatic and antiangiogenic effects on human lung cancer cells. Toxicon 2024; 243:107742. [PMID: 38705486 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2024.107742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Phospholipases A2 (PLA2s) from snake venom possess antitumor and antiangiogenic properties. In this study, we evaluated the antimetastatic and antiangiogenic effects of MjTX-II, a Lys49 PLA2 isolated from Bothrops moojeni venom, on lung cancer and endothelial cells. Using in vitro and ex vivo approaches, we demonstrated that MjTX-II reduced cell proliferation and inhibited fundamental processes for lung cancer cells (A549) growth and metastasis, such as adhesion, migration, invasion, and actin cytoskeleton decrease, without significantly interfering with non-tumorigenic lung cells (BEAS-2B). Furthermore, MjTX-II caused cell cycle alterations, increased reactive oxygen species production, modulated the expression of pro- and antiangiogenic genes, and decreased vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in HUVECs. Finally, MjTX-II inhibited ex vivo angiogenesis processes in an aortic ring model. Therefore, we conclude that MjTX-II exhibits antimetastatic and antiangiogenic effects in vitro and ex vivo and represents a molecule that hold promise as a pharmacological model for antitumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luísa Carregosa Santos
- Institute Multidisciplinary in Health, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Vitória da Conquista, BA, Brazil
| | - Vinícius Queiroz Oliveira
- Institute Multidisciplinary in Health, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Vitória da Conquista, BA, Brazil
| | - Samuel Cota Teixeira
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia (UFU), Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | | | | | - Lorena Polloni
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Animal Toxins, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlândia, (UFU), Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Lucas Miranda Marques
- Institute Multidisciplinary in Health, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Vitória da Conquista, BA, Brazil
| | | | - Cristiani Baldo
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, State University of Londrina (UEL), Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Eloisa Amália Vieira Ferro
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia (UFU), Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Marcelo José Barbosa Silva
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia (UFU), Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Sabri Saeed Sanabani
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation in Dermatology and Immunodeficiency, São Paulo Institute of Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Veridiana de Melo Rodrigues Ávila
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Animal Toxins, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlândia, (UFU), Uberlândia, MG, Brazil.
| | - Daiana Silva Lopes
- Institute Multidisciplinary in Health, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Vitória da Conquista, BA, Brazil.
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20
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Zhaxi Q, Gesang L, Huang J, Suona Y, Ci B, Danzeng Z, Zhang R, Liu B. Hypermethylation of BMPR2 and TGF-β Promoter Regions in Tibetan Patients with High-Altitude Polycythemia at Extreme Altitude. Biochem Genet 2024:10.1007/s10528-024-10798-2. [PMID: 38787494 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-024-10798-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Although the expression of many genes is associated with adaptation to high-altitude hypoxic environments, the role of epigenetics in the response to this harsh environmental stress is currently unclear. We explored whether abnormal DNA promoter methylation levels of six genes, namely, ABCA1, SOD2, AKT1, VEGFR2, TGF-β, and BMPR2, affect the occurrence and development of high-altitude polycythemia (HAPC) in Tibetans. The methylation levels of HAPC and the control group of 130 Tibetans from very high altitudes (> 4500 m) were examined using quantitative methylation-specific real-time PCR (QMSP). Depending on the type of data, the Pearson chi-square test, Wilcoxon rank-sum test, and Fisher exact test were used to assess the differences between the two groups. The correlation between the methylation levels of each gene and the hemoglobin content was explored using a linear mixed model. Our experiment revealed that the methylation levels of the TGF-β and BMPR2 genes differed significantly in the two groups (p < 0.05) and linear mixed model analysis showed that the correlation between the hemoglobin and methylation of ABCA1, TGF-β, and BMPR2 was statistically significant (p < 0.05). Our study suggests that levels of TGF-β and BMPR2 methylation are associated with the occurrence of HAPC in extreme-altitude Tibetan populations among 6 selected genes. Epigenetics may be involved in the pathogenesis of HAPC, and future experiments could combine gene and protein levels to verify the diagnostic value of TGF-β and BMPR2 methylation levels in HAPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quzong Zhaxi
- Institute of High Altitude Medicine, Tibet Autonomous Region People's Hospital, 18 Linkuo North Road, Chengguan District, Lhasa, Tibet Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Luobu Gesang
- Institute of High Altitude Medicine, Tibet Autonomous Region People's Hospital, 18 Linkuo North Road, Chengguan District, Lhasa, Tibet Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ju Huang
- Institute of High Altitude Medicine, Tibet Autonomous Region People's Hospital, 18 Linkuo North Road, Chengguan District, Lhasa, Tibet Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Yangzong Suona
- Institute of High Altitude Medicine, Tibet Autonomous Region People's Hospital, 18 Linkuo North Road, Chengguan District, Lhasa, Tibet Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Bai Ci
- Institute of High Altitude Medicine, Tibet Autonomous Region People's Hospital, 18 Linkuo North Road, Chengguan District, Lhasa, Tibet Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuoga Danzeng
- Institute of High Altitude Medicine, Tibet Autonomous Region People's Hospital, 18 Linkuo North Road, Chengguan District, Lhasa, Tibet Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Institute of High Altitude Medicine, Tibet Autonomous Region People's Hospital, 18 Linkuo North Road, Chengguan District, Lhasa, Tibet Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Binyun Liu
- Institute of High Altitude Medicine, Tibet Autonomous Region People's Hospital, 18 Linkuo North Road, Chengguan District, Lhasa, Tibet Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
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21
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Muth DR, Fasler KF, Kvanta A, Rejdak M, Blaser F, Zweifel SA. Real-World Weekly Efficacy Analysis of Faricimab in Patients with Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:478. [PMID: 38790345 PMCID: PMC11118397 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11050478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives: This study entailed a weekly analysis of real-world data (RWD) on the safety and efficacy of intravitreal (IVT) faricimab in neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD). Methods: A retrospective, single-centre clinical trial was conducted at the Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Switzerland, approved by the Cantonal Ethics Committee of Zurich, Switzerland. Patients with nAMD were included. Data from patient charts and imaging were analysed. The safety and efficacy of the first faricimab injection were evaluated weekly until 4 weeks after injection. Results: Sixty-three eyes with a complete 4-week follow-up were enrolled. Six eyes were treatment-naïve; fifty-seven eyes were switched to faricimab from another treatment. Neither group showed signs of retinal vasculitis during the 4 weeks after injection. Central subfield thickness (CST) and volume (CSV) showed a statistically significant decrease compared to the baseline in the switched group (CST: p = 0.00383; CSV: p = 0.00702) after 4 weeks. The corrected visual acuity returned to the baseline level in both groups. The macular neovascularization area decreased in both groups, but this was not statistically significant. A complete resolution of sub- and intraretinal fluid after 4 weeks was found in 40% (switched) and 75% (naïve) of the treated patients. Conclusions: The weekly follow-ups reflect the structure-function relationship beginning with a fast functional improvement within two weeks after injection followed by a return to near-baseline levels after week 3. The first faricimab injection in our cohort showed a high safety profile and a statistically significant reduction in macular oedema in switched nAMD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel R. Muth
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
- Division of Eye and Vision, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden;
| | - Katrin F. Fasler
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Anders Kvanta
- Division of Eye and Vision, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden;
- St. Erik Eye Hospital (S:t Eriks Ögonsjukhus), 171 64 Solna, Sweden
| | - Magdalena Rejdak
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Frank Blaser
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sandrine A. Zweifel
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
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22
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Takada YK, Yu J, Ye X, Wu CY, Felding BH, Fujita M, Takada Y. The heparin-binding domain of VEGF165 directly binds to integrin αvβ3 and VEGFR2/KDR D1: a potential mechanism of negative regulation of VEGF165 signaling by αvβ3. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1347616. [PMID: 38803393 PMCID: PMC11128890 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1347616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
VEGF-A is a key cytokine in tumor angiogenesis and a major therapeutic target for cancer. VEGF165 is the predominant isoform of VEGF-A, and it is the most potent angiogenesis stimulant. VEGFR2/KDR domains 2 and 3 (D2D3) bind to the N-terminal domain (NTD, residues 1-110) of VEGF165. Since removal of the heparin-binding domain (HBD, residues 111-165) markedly reduced the mitogenic activity of the growth factor, it has been proposed that the HBD plays a critical role in the mitogenicity of VEGF165. Here, we report that αvβ3 specifically bound to the isolated VEGF165 HBD but not to VEGF165 NTD. Based on docking simulation and mutagenesis, we identified several critical amino acid residues within the VEGF165 HBD required for αvβ3 binding, i.e., Arg123, Arg124, Lys125, Lys140, Arg145, and Arg149. We discovered that VEGF165 HBD binds to the KDR domain 1 (D1) and identified that Arg123 and Arg124 are critical for KDR D1 binding by mutagenesis, indicating that the KDR D1-binding and αvβ3-binding sites overlap in the HBD. Full-length VEGF165 mutant (R123A/R124A/K125A/K140A/R145A/R149A) defective in αvβ3 and KDR D1 binding failed to induce ERK1/2 phosphorylation, integrin β3 phosphorylation, and KDR phosphorylation and did not support proliferation of endothelial cells, although the mutation did not affect the KDR D2D3 interaction with VEGF165. Since β3-knockout mice are known to show enhanced VEGF165 signaling, we propose that the binding of KDR D1 to the VEGF165 HBD and KDR D2D3 binding to the VEGF165 NTD are critically involved in the potent mitogenicity of VEGF165. We propose that binding competition between KDR and αvβ3 to the VEGF165 HBD endows integrin αvβ3 with regulatory properties to act as a negative regulator of VEGF165 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko K. Takada
- The Department of Dermatology, Sacramento, CA, United States
| | - Jessica Yu
- The Department of Dermatology, Sacramento, CA, United States
| | - Xiaojin Ye
- The Department of Dermatology, Sacramento, CA, United States
| | - Chun-Yi Wu
- The Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, United States
| | - Brunie H. Felding
- The Scripps Research Institute, Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Masaaki Fujita
- The Department of Dermatology, Sacramento, CA, United States
| | - Yoshikazu Takada
- The Department of Dermatology, Sacramento, CA, United States
- The Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, United States
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23
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Cazzato G, Ingravallo G, Ribatti D. Angiogenesis Still Plays a Crucial Role in Human Melanoma Progression. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1794. [PMID: 38791873 PMCID: PMC11120419 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16101794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis plays a pivotal role in tumor progression, particularly in melanoma, the deadliest form of skin cancer. This review synthesizes current knowledge on the intricate interplay between angiogenesis and tumor microenvironment (TME) in melanoma progression. Pro-angiogenic factors, including VEGF, PlGF, FGF-2, IL-8, Ang, TGF-β, PDGF, integrins, MMPs, and PAF, modulate angiogenesis and contribute to melanoma metastasis. Additionally, cells within the TME, such as cancer-associated fibroblasts, mast cells, and melanoma-associated macrophages, influence tumor angiogenesis and progression. Anti-angiogenic therapies, while showing promise, face challenges such as drug resistance and tumor-induced activation of alternative angiogenic pathways. Rational combinations of anti-angiogenic agents and immunotherapies are being explored to overcome resistance. Biomarker identification for treatment response remains crucial for personalized therapies. This review highlights the complexity of angiogenesis in melanoma and underscores the need for innovative therapeutic approaches tailored to the dynamic TME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerardo Cazzato
- Section of Molecular Pathology, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Ingravallo
- Section of Molecular Pathology, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Domenico Ribatti
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience, University of Bari Medical School, 70124 Bari, Italy;
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24
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Abdik H, Kırbaş OK, Bozkurt BT, Avşar Abdik E, Hayal TB, Şahin F, Taşlı PN. Endothelial cell-derived extracellular vesicles induce pro-angiogenic responses in mesenchymal stem cells. FEBS Open Bio 2024; 14:740-755. [PMID: 37199081 PMCID: PMC11073499 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is a central component of vital biological processes such as wound healing, tissue nourishment, and development. Therefore, angiogenic activities are precisely maintained with secreted factors such as angiopoietin-1 (Ang1), fibroblast growth factor (FGF), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). As an element of intracellular communication, extracellular vesicles (EVs)-particularly EVs of vascular origin-could have key functions in maintaining angiogenesis. However, the functions of EVs in the control of angiogenesis have not been fully studied. In this study, human umbilical vein endothelial cell line (HUVEC)-derived small EVs (<200 nm; HU-sEVs) were investigated as a potential pro-angiogenic agent. Treating mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and mature HUVEC cells with HU-sEVs induced their tube formation under in vitro conditions and significantly increased the expression of angiogenesis-related genes, such as Ang1, VEGF, Flk-1 (VEGF receptor 2), Flt-1 (VEGF receptor 1), and vWF (von Willebrand Factor), in a dose-dependent manner. These results indicate that HU-sEVs take part in angiogenesis activities in physiological systems, and suggest endothelial EVs as a potential therapeutic candidate for the treatment of angiogenesis-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hüseyin Abdik
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciencesİstanbul Sabahattin Zaim UniversityTurkey
| | - Oğuz Kaan Kırbaş
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and ArchitectureYeditepe UniversityTurkey
| | - Batuhan Turhan Bozkurt
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and ArchitectureYeditepe UniversityTurkey
| | - Ezgi Avşar Abdik
- Department of Aquatic Genomics, Faculty of Aquatic SciencesIstanbul UniversityTurkey
| | - Taha Bartu Hayal
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and ArchitectureYeditepe UniversityTurkey
| | - Fikrettin Şahin
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and ArchitectureYeditepe UniversityTurkey
| | - Pakize Neslihan Taşlı
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and ArchitectureYeditepe UniversityTurkey
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25
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Mahajan D, Sambyal V, Uppal MS, Sudan M, Guleria K. VEGF-2578C/A, -460T/C Polymorphisms and Gastrointestinal Tract Cancer Risk: An Updated Meta-Analysis. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2024; 28:176-188. [PMID: 38597641 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2023.0628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Functional polymorphisms in the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) alter the susceptibility toward different gastrointestinal tract (GIT) cancers. In this study, we explored the association of VEGF-2578C/A and VEGF-460T/C polymorphisms with esophageal cancer (EC) risk. In total, 330 patients with EC and 330 controls for VEGF-2578C/A polymorphism and 316 patients with EC and 316 controls for VEGF-460T/C polymorphism were genotyped. AA genotype (p = 0.01) and A allele (p = 0.02) of VEGF-2578C/A and CC genotype (p = 0.04) and C allele (p = 0.04) of VEGF-460T/C polymorphism were significantly associated with an increased risk of EC. VEGF-2578C/A and VEGF-460T/C polymorphisms have been studied in different GIT cancers, but results are inconclusive. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis to assess the association of these polymorphisms with the risk of GIT cancers. The PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar databases were used to search the articles. Twenty-one studies on VEGF-2578C/A and 20 studies on VEGF-460T/C polymorphism were included in this meta-analysis. VEGF-2578C/A polymorphism was associated with the decreased risk of GIT cancer in the overall population under the overdominant model (p = 0.009). A significant association of VEGF-2578C/A polymorphism with GIT cancer risk has been observed in the middle easterners, Caucasians, and Asians under different genetic models. VEGF-460T/C polymorphism was significantly associated with an increased risk of GIT cancers in Caucasians. Stratification of the data on the basis of cancer type showed a significant association of VEGF-2578C/A polymorphism with the risk of gallbladder cancer, whereas VEGF-460T/C polymorphism was associated with the risk of hepatocellular cancer, gastric cancer, and colorectal cancer. Our meta-analysis suggested that VEGF-2578C/A and VEGF-460T/C polymorphisms were associated with GIT cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepanshi Mahajan
- Human Cytogenetics Laboratory, Department of Human Genetics, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Vasudha Sambyal
- Human Cytogenetics Laboratory, Department of Human Genetics, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Manjit Singh Uppal
- Department of Surgery, Sri Guru Ram Das Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Meena Sudan
- Department of Radiotherapy, Sri Guru Ram Das Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Kamlesh Guleria
- Human Cytogenetics Laboratory, Department of Human Genetics, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
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26
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Fleischer T, Haugen MH, Ankill J, Silwal-Pandit L, Børresen-Dale AL, Hedenfalk I, Hatschek T, Tost J, Engebraaten O, Kristensen VN. An integrated omics approach highlights how epigenetic events can explain and predict response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy and bevacizumab in breast cancer. Mol Oncol 2024. [PMID: 38671580 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Treatment with the anti-angiogenic drug bevacizumab in addition to chemotherapy has shown efficacy for breast cancer in some clinical trials, but better biomarkers are needed to optimally select patients for treatment. Here, we present an omics approach where DNA methylation profiles are integrated with gene expression and results from proteomic data in breast cancer patients to predict response to therapy and pinpoint response-related epigenetic events. Fresh-frozen tumor biopsies taken before, during, and after treatment from human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 negative non-metastatic patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy with or without bevacizumab were subjected to molecular profiling. Here, we report that DNA methylation at enhancer CpGs related to cell cycle regulation can predict response to chemotherapy and bevacizumab for the estrogen receptor positive subset of patients (AUC = 0.874), and we validated this observation in an independent patient cohort with a similar treatment regimen (AUC = 0.762). Combining the DNA methylation scores with the scores from a previously published protein signature resulted in a slight increase in the prediction performance (AUC = 0.784). We also show that tumors receiving the combination treatment underwent more extensive epigenetic alterations. Finally, we performed an integrative expression-methylation quantitative trait loci analysis on alterations in DNA methylation and gene expression levels, showing that the epigenetic alterations that occur during treatment are different between responders and non-responders and that these differences may be explained by the proliferation-epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition axis through the activity of grainyhead like transcription factor 2. Using tumor purity computed from copy number data, we developed a method for estimating cancer cell-specific methylation to confirm that the association to response reflects DNA methylation in cancer cells. Taken together, these results support the potential for clinical benefit of the addition of bevacizumab to chemotherapy when administered to the correct patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Fleischer
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mads Haugland Haugen
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jørgen Ankill
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Laxmi Silwal-Pandit
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anne-Lise Børresen-Dale
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingrid Hedenfalk
- Division of Oncology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Thomas Hatschek
- Breast Cancer Center, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jörg Tost
- Laboratory for Epigenetics and Environment, Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine, CEA - Institut de Biologie François Jacob, Université Paris Saclay, Evry, France
| | - Olav Engebraaten
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Cancer Medicine, Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Vessela N Kristensen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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27
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Fragiotta S, Bassis L, Abdolrahimzadeh B, Marino A, Sepe M, Abdolrahimzadeh S. Exploring Current Molecular Targets in the Treatment of Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration toward the Perspective of Long-Term Agents. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4433. [PMID: 38674018 PMCID: PMC11050199 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Long-lasting anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) agents have become an option to reduce treatment frequency, with ongoing research exploring optimal responses and safety profiles. This review delves into molecular targets, pharmacological aspects, and strategies for achieving effective and enduring disease control in neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD). The molecular pathways involved in macular neovascularization, including angiogenesis and arteriogenesis, are explored. VEGF, PlGF, Ang-1, and Ang-2 play crucial roles in regulating angiogenesis, influencing vessel growth, maturation, and stability. The complex interplay of these factors, along with growth factors like TGFβ and bFGF, contributes to the pathogenesis of neovascular membranes. Current anti-VEGF therapies, including bevacizumab, ranibizumab, aflibercept, brolucizumab, and faricimab, are discussed with a focus on their pharmacokinetics and clinical applications. Strategies to achieve sustained disease control in AMD involve smaller molecules, increased drug dosages, and novel formulations. This narrative review provides a comprehensive overview of the molecular targets and pharmacological aspects of neovascular AMD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Fragiotta
- Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sense Organs (NESMOS) Department, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome Sapienza, 00189 Rome, Italy; (S.F.); (L.B.); (A.M.)
- UOC Ophthalmology, Department of Surgical Areas, S.M. Goretti Hospital, 04100 Latina, Italy;
| | - Lorena Bassis
- Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sense Organs (NESMOS) Department, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome Sapienza, 00189 Rome, Italy; (S.F.); (L.B.); (A.M.)
| | | | - Alessandra Marino
- Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sense Organs (NESMOS) Department, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome Sapienza, 00189 Rome, Italy; (S.F.); (L.B.); (A.M.)
- St. Andrea Hospital, Via di Grottarossa 1035/1039, 00189 Rome, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Sepe
- UOC Ophthalmology, Department of Surgical Areas, S.M. Goretti Hospital, 04100 Latina, Italy;
| | - Solmaz Abdolrahimzadeh
- Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sense Organs (NESMOS) Department, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome Sapienza, 00189 Rome, Italy; (S.F.); (L.B.); (A.M.)
- St. Andrea Hospital, Via di Grottarossa 1035/1039, 00189 Rome, Italy
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28
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Zheng Z, Liu H, Liu S, Luo E, Liu X. Mesenchymal stem cells in craniofacial reconstruction: a comprehensive review. Front Mol Biosci 2024; 11:1362338. [PMID: 38690295 PMCID: PMC11058977 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2024.1362338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Craniofacial reconstruction faces many challenges, including high complexity, strong specificity, severe injury, irregular and complex wounds, and high risk of bleeding. Traditionally, the "gold standard" for treating craniofacial bone defects has been tissue transplantation, which involves the transplantation of bone, cartilage, skin, and other tissues from other parts of the body. However, the shape of craniofacial bone and cartilage structures varies greatly and is distinctly different from ordinary long bones. Craniofacial bones originate from the neural crest, while long bones originate from the mesoderm. These factors contribute to the poor effectiveness of tissue transplantation in repairing craniofacial defects. Autologous mesenchymal stem cell transplantation exhibits excellent pluripotency, low immunogenicity, and minimally invasive properties, and is considered a potential alternative to tissue transplantation for treating craniofacial defects. Researchers have found that both craniofacial-specific mesenchymal stem cells and mesenchymal stem cells from other parts of the body have significant effects on the restoration and reconstruction of craniofacial bones, cartilage, wounds, and adipose tissue. In addition, the continuous development and application of tissue engineering technology provide new ideas for craniofacial repair. With the continuous exploration of mesenchymal stem cells by researchers and the continuous development of tissue engineering technology, the use of autologous mesenchymal stem cell transplantation for craniofacial reconstruction has gradually been accepted and promoted. This article will review the applications of various types of mesenchymal stem cells and related tissue engineering in craniofacial repair and reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - En Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Center for Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Center for Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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29
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Kumar A, Ferro Desideri L, Ting MYL, Anguita R. Perspectives on the currently available pharmacotherapy for wet macular degeneration. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2024; 25:755-767. [PMID: 38738427 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2024.2354921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Wet age-related macular degeneration (w-AMD) is a leading cause of visual impairment globally, with its prevalence expected to rise alongside increasing life expectancy. The current standard treatment involves frequent intravitreal injections of anti-VEGF agents, which although revolutionary, pose significant burdens on both patients and healthcare services. AREAS COVERED This review explores current and emerging pharmaceutical treatments for w-AMD, focusing on their pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, efficacy, and safety. Promising developments include extending treatment intervals with newer anti-VEGF agents like brolucizumab and faricimab, biosimilars offering cost-effective options, and exploring innovative drug delivery methods such as subretinal gene therapy. Combination therapies, gene therapies, and novel agents like KSI-301 and OPT-302 show potential for improving treatment outcomes and reducing treatment burden. EXPERT OPINION While current treatments for w-AMD have significantly advanced with the advent of anti-VEGF therapies, their limitations in terms of treatment burden and incomplete responses have spurred research into diverse alternative approaches. These innovative strategies offer hope for improving patient outcomes and reducing healthcare burdens, suggesting a promising future for w-AMD management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneeta Kumar
- Royal Free London Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Lorenzo Ferro Desideri
- Department of Ophthalmology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Bern Photographic Reading Center, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Rodrigo Anguita
- Bern Photographic Reading Center, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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30
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Shang KM, Kato H, Gonzalez N, Kandeel F, Tai YC, Komatsu H. A novel approach to determine the critical survival threshold of cellular oxygen within spheroids via integrating live/dead cell imaging with oxygen modeling. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2024; 326:C1262-C1271. [PMID: 38497111 PMCID: PMC11193515 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00024.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Defining the oxygen level that induces cell death within 3-D tissues is vital for understanding tissue hypoxia; however, obtaining accurate measurements has been technically challenging. In this study, we introduce a noninvasive, high-throughput methodology to quantify critical survival partial oxygen pressure (pO2) with high spatial resolution within spheroids by using a combination of controlled hypoxic conditions, semiautomated live/dead cell imaging, and computational oxygen modeling. The oxygen-permeable, micropyramid patterned culture plates created a precisely controlled oxygen condition around the individual spheroid. Live/dead cell imaging provided the geometric information of the live/dead boundary within spheroids. Finally, computational oxygen modeling calculated the pO2 at the live/dead boundary within spheroids. As proof of concept, we determined the critical survival pO2 in two types of spheroids: isolated primary pancreatic islets and tumor-derived pseudoislets (2.43 ± 0.08 vs. 0.84 ± 0.04 mmHg), indicating higher hypoxia tolerance in pseudoislets due to their tumorigenic origin. We also applied this method for evaluating graft survival in cell transplantations for diabetes therapy, where hypoxia is a critical barrier to successful transplantation outcomes; thus, designing oxygenation strategies is required. Based on the elucidated critical survival pO2, 100% viability could be maintained in a typically sized primary islet under the tissue pO2 above 14.5 mmHg. This work presents a valuable tool that is potentially instrumental for fundamental hypoxia research. It offers insights into physiological responses to hypoxia among different cell types and may refine translational research in cell therapies.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Our study introduces an innovative combinatory approach for noninvasively determining the critical survival oxygen level of cells within small cell spheroids, which replicates a 3-D tissue environment, by seamlessly integrating three pivotal techniques: cell death induction under controlled oxygen conditions, semiautomated imaging that precisely identifies live/dead cells, and computational modeling of oxygen distribution. Notably, our method ensures high-throughput analysis applicable to various cell types, offering a versatile solution for researchers in diverse fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuang-Ming Shang
- Department of Medical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, United States
| | - Hiroyuki Kato
- Department of Translational Research & Cellular Therapeutics, Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California, United States
| | - Nelson Gonzalez
- Department of Translational Research & Cellular Therapeutics, Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California, United States
| | - Fouad Kandeel
- Department of Translational Research & Cellular Therapeutics, Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California, United States
| | - Yu-Chong Tai
- Department of Medical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, United States
| | - Hirotake Komatsu
- Department of Translational Research & Cellular Therapeutics, Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California, United States
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Sun M, Baker TL, Wilson CT, Brady RD, Yamakawa GR, Wright DK, Mychasiuk R, Vo A, Wilson T, Allen J, McDonald SJ, Shultz SR. Treatment with the vascular endothelial growth factor-A antibody, bevacizumab, has sex-specific effects in a rat model of mild traumatic brain injury. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2024; 44:542-555. [PMID: 37933736 PMCID: PMC10981407 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x231212377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) involves damage to the cerebrovascular system. Vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) is an important modulator of vascular health and VEGF-A promotes the brain's ability to recover after more severe forms of brain injury; however, the role of VEGF-A in mTBI remains poorly understood. Bevacizumab (BEV) is a monoclonal antibody that binds to VEGF-A and neutralises its actions. To better understand the role of VEGF-A in mTBI recovery, this study examined how BEV treatment affected outcomes in rats given a mTBI. Adult Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to sham-injury + vehicle treatment (VEH), sham-injury + BEV treatment, mTBI + VEH treatment, mTBI + BEV treatment groups. Treatment was administered intracerebroventricularly via a cannula beginning at the time of injury and continuing until the end of the study. Rats underwent behavioral testing after injury and were euthanized on day 11. In both females and males, BEV had a negative impact on cognitive function. mTBI and BEV treatment increased the expression of inflammatory markers in females. In males, BEV treatment altered markers related to hypoxia and vascular health. These novel findings of sex-specific responses to BEV and mTBI provide important insights into the role of VEGF-A in mTBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mujun Sun
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Tamara L Baker
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Campbell T Wilson
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Rhys D Brady
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Glenn R Yamakawa
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - David K Wright
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Richelle Mychasiuk
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Anh Vo
- Monash Health Translation Precinct, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Trevor Wilson
- Monash Health Translation Precinct, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Josh Allen
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Stuart J McDonald
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Sandy R Shultz
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Health Sciences, Vancouver Island University, Nanaimo, BC, Canada
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32
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Cheng L, Shi H, Du L, Liu Q, Yue H, Zhang H, Liu X, Xie J, Shen Y. Hemodynamic force dictates endothelial angiogenesis through MIEN1-ERK/MAPK-signaling axis. J Cell Physiol 2024; 239:e31177. [PMID: 38214132 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
It is well-recognized that blood flow at branches and bends of arteries generates disturbed shear stress, which plays a crucial in driving atherosclerosis. Flow-generated fluid shear stress (FSS), as one of the key hemodynamic factors, is appreciated for its critical involvement in regulating angiogenesis to facilitate wound healing and tissue repair. Endothelial cells can directly sense FSS but the mechanobiological mechanism by which they decode different patterns of FSS to trigger angiogenesis remains unclear. In the current study, laminar shear stress (LSS, 15 dyn/cm2) was employed to mimic physiological blood flow, while disturbed shear stress (DSS, ranging from 0.5 ± 4 dyn/cm2) was applied to simulate pathological conditions. The aim was to investigate how these distinct types of blood flow regulated endothelial angiogenesis. Initially, we observed that DSS impaired angiogenesis and downregulated endogenous vascular endothelial growth factor B (VEGFB) expression compared to LSS. We further found that the changes in membrane protein, migration and invasion enhancer 1 (MIEN1) play a role in regulating ERK/MAPK signaling, thereby contributing to endothelial angiogenesis in response to FSS. We also showed the involvement of MIEN1-directed cytoskeleton organization. These findings suggest the significance of shear stress in endothelial angiogenesis, thereby enhancing our understanding of the alterations in angiogenesis that occur during the transition from physiological to pathological blood flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Cheng
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huiyu Shi
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lingyu Du
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiao Liu
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongyan Yue
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huaiyi Zhang
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoheng Liu
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Shen
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- JinFeng Laboratory, Chongqing, China
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Shekarchi AA, Hosseini L, Kamrani A, Alipourfard I, Soltani-Zangbar MS, Akbari M, Roshangar L, Aghebati-Maleki L, Chakari-Khiavi F, Chakari-Khiavi A, Motlagh Asghari K, Danaii S, Pourlak T, Ahmadian Heris J, Yousefi M. Evaluation of changes in exhausted T lymphocytes and miRNAs expression in the different trimesters of pregnancy in pregnant women. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:442. [PMID: 38520563 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09370-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Throughout the three trimesters of a typical pregnancy, we looked at changes in the expression of miRNAs and exhausted T lymphocytes for this study. METHODS AND RESULTS Fifty healthy subjects were included in this study. The frequency of exhausted T lymphocytes was measured in isolated PBMCs using flow cytometry. PD-1, TIM-3, and related miRNAs gene expression were assessed using qRT-PCR. The analyses revealed a significant decline in PD-1 and Tim-3 expression in PBMCs from RPL women (p = 0.0003 and p = 0.001, respectively). In addition, PD-1 and TIM-3 expression increased significantly in the 2nd trimester compared with the 1st trimester of healthy pregnant women (p < 0.0001 and p = 0.0002, respectively). PD-1 and TIM-3 expression was down-regulated in the 3rd trimester compared with the 1st and 2nd trimesters. In the present study, we demonstrated that TIM-3+/CD4+, TIM-3+/CD8+, PD-1+/CD4+, and PD-1+/CD8 + exhausted T lymphocytes increased in the circulation of women in the 2nd trimester compared to the 1st and 3rd trimester. In the 3rd trimester, the expression of miR-16-5p increased significantly (p < 0.0001). miR-125a-3p expression was down and upregulated in 2nd (p < 0.0001) and 3rd (p = 0.0007) trimesters compared to 1st trimester, respectively. This study showed a significant elevation of miR-15a-5p in 3rd trimester compared to 1st trimester of pregnant women (p = 0.0002). CONCLUSIONS Expression pattern of PD-1 and TIM3 in exhausted T lymphocytes is different not only between normal pregnant and RPL women but also in different trimesters of pregnancy. So, our results showed the role of these markers in the modulation lymphocytes activity in different stages of pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Akbar Shekarchi
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Leila Hosseini
- Research Center of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amin Kamrani
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Iraj Alipourfard
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mohammad Sadegh Soltani-Zangbar
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Connective Tissue Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Morteza Akbari
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Leila Roshangar
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | | | - Aref Chakari-Khiavi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Kimia Motlagh Asghari
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Shahla Danaii
- Gynecology Department, Eastern Azerbaijan ACECR ART center, Eastern Azerbaijan branch of ACECR, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Tannaz Pourlak
- Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Javad Ahmadian Heris
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Pediatric Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Yousefi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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34
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Gao W, Lu J, Yang Z, Li E, Cao Y, Xie L. Mitotic Functions and Characters of KIF11 in Cancers. Biomolecules 2024; 14:386. [PMID: 38672404 PMCID: PMC11047945 DOI: 10.3390/biom14040386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitosis mediates the accurate separation of daughter cells, and abnormalities are closely related to cancer progression. KIF11, a member of the kinesin family, plays a vital role in the formation and maintenance of the mitotic spindle. Recently, an increasing quantity of data have demonstrated the upregulated expression of KIF11 in various cancers, promoting the emergence and progression of cancers. This suggests the great potential of KIF11 as a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target. However, the molecular mechanisms of KIF11 in cancers have not been systematically summarized. Therefore, we first discuss the functions of the protein encoded by KIF11 during mitosis and connect the abnormal expression of KIF11 with its clinical significance. Then, we elucidate the mechanism of KIF11 to promote various hallmarks of cancers. Finally, we provide an overview of KIF11 inhibitors and outline areas for future work.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Yufei Cao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China; (W.G.); (J.L.); (Z.Y.); (E.L.)
| | - Lei Xie
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China; (W.G.); (J.L.); (Z.Y.); (E.L.)
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35
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Shah NN, Dave BP, Shah KC, Shah DD, Maheshwari KG, Chorawala MR, Parekh PS, Jani M. Disabled-2, a versatile tissue matrix multifunctional scaffold protein with multifaceted signaling: Unveiling its potential in the cancer battle. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024:10.1007/s00210-024-03037-3. [PMID: 38502243 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-03037-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
A multifunctional scaffold protein termed Disabled-2 (Dab2) has recently gained attention in the scientific community and has emerged as a promising candidate in the realm of cancer research. Dab2 protein is involved in a variety of signaling pathways, due to which its significance in the pathogenesis of several carcinomas has drawn considerable attention. Dab2 is essential for controlling the advancement of cancer because it engages in essential signaling pathways such as the Wnt/β-catenin, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) pathways. Dab2 can also repress epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) which is involved in tumor progression with metastatic expansion and adds another layer of significance to its possible impact on cancer spread. Furthermore, the role of Dab2 in processes such as cell growth, differentiation, apoptosis, invasion, and metastasis has been explored in certain investigative studies suggesting its significance. The present review examines the role of Dab2 in the pathogenesis of various cancer subtypes including breast cancer, ovarian cancer, gastric cancer, prostate cancer, and bladder urothelial carcinoma and also sheds some light on its potential to act as a therapeutic target and a prognostic marker in the treatment of various carcinomas. By deciphering this protein's diverse signaling, we hope to provide useful insights that may pave the way for novel therapeutic techniques and tailored treatment approaches in cancer management. Preclinical and clinical trial data on the impact of Dab2 regulation in cancer have also been included, allowing us to delineate role of Dab2 in tumor suppressor function, as well as its correlation with disease stage classification and potential therapy options. However, we observed that there is very scarce data in the form of studies on the evaluation of Dab2 role and treatment function in carcinomas, and further research into this matter could prove beneficial in the generation of novel therapeutic agents for patient-centric and tailored therapy, as well as early prognosis of carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi N Shah
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy Practice, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Opp. Gujarat University, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, 380009, Gujarat, India
| | - Bhavarth P Dave
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy Practice, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Opp. Gujarat University, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, 380009, Gujarat, India
| | - Kashvi C Shah
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy Practice, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Opp. Gujarat University, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, 380009, Gujarat, India
| | - Disha D Shah
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy Practice, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Opp. Gujarat University, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, 380009, Gujarat, India
| | - Kunal G Maheshwari
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy Practice, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Opp. Gujarat University, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, 380009, Gujarat, India
| | - Mehul R Chorawala
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy Practice, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Opp. Gujarat University, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, 380009, Gujarat, India.
| | - Priyajeet S Parekh
- AV Pharma LLC, 1545 University Blvd N Ste A, Jacksonville, FL, 32211, USA
| | - Maharsh Jani
- Anand Niketan Shilaj, Ahmedabad, 380059, Gujarat, India
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Rangaswamy D, Nagaraju SP, Bhojaraja MV, Swaminathan SM, Prabhu RA, Rao IR, Shenoy SV. Ocular and systemic vascular endothelial growth factor ligand inhibitor use and nephrotoxicity: an update. Int Urol Nephrol 2024:10.1007/s11255-024-03990-1. [PMID: 38498275 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-024-03990-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Tumor growth is intricately linked to the process of angiogenesis, with a key role played by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its associated signaling pathways. Notably, these pathways also play a pivotal "housekeeping" role in renal physiology. Over the past decade, the utilization of VEGF signaling inhibitors has seen a substantial rise in the treatment of diverse solid organ tumors, diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, and various ocular diseases. However, this increased use of such agents has led to a higher frequency of encountering renal adverse effects in clinical practice. This review comprehensively addresses the incidence, pathophysiological mechanisms, and current evidence concerning renal adverse events associated with systemic and intravitreal antiangiogenic therapies targeting VEGF-A and its receptors (VEGFR) and their associated signaling pathways. Additionally, we briefly explore strategies for mitigating potential risks linked to the use of these agents and effectively managing various renal adverse events, including but not limited to hypertension, proteinuria, renal dysfunction, and electrolyte imbalances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharshan Rangaswamy
- Department of Nephrology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Shankar Prasad Nagaraju
- Department of Nephrology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Shilna Muttickal Swaminathan
- Department of Nephrology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Ravindra A Prabhu
- Department of Nephrology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Indu Ramachandra Rao
- Department of Nephrology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Srinivas Vinayak Shenoy
- Department of Nephrology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India.
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37
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Liu J, Wang C, Qiu S, Sun W, Yang G, Yuan L. Toward Ultrasound Molecular Imaging of Endothelial Dysfunction in Diabetes: Targets, Strategies, and Challenges. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:1416-1428. [PMID: 38391247 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.4c00053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Diabetes vasculopathy is a significant complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), and early identification and timely intervention can effectively slow the progression. Accumulating studies have shown that diabetes causes vascular complications directly or indirectly through a variety of mechanisms. Direct imaging of the endothelial molecular changes not only identifies the early stage of diabetes vasculopathy but also sheds light on the precise treatment. Targeted ultrasound contrast agent (UCA)-based ultrasound molecular imaging (UMI) can noninvasively detect the expression status of molecular biomarkers overexpressed in the vasculature, thereby being a potential strategy for the diagnosis and treatment response evaluation of DM. Amounts of efforts have been focused on identification of the molecular targets expressed in the vasculature, manufacturing strategies of the targeted UCA, and the clinical translation for the diagnosis and evaluation of therapeutic efficacy in both micro- and macrovasculopathy in DM. This review summarizes the latest research progress on endothelium-targeted UCA and discusses their promising future and challenges in diabetes vasculopathy theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahan Liu
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi 710038, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi 710038, China
| | - Shuo Qiu
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi 710038, China
| | - Wenqi Sun
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi 710038, China
| | - Guodong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Lijun Yuan
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi 710038, China
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38
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Ren C, Carrillo ND, Cryns VL, Anderson RA, Chen M. Environmental pollutants and phosphoinositide signaling in autoimmunity. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 465:133080. [PMID: 38091799 PMCID: PMC10923067 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.133080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Environmental pollution stands as one of the most critical challenges affecting human health, with an estimated mortality rate linked to pollution-induced non-communicable diseases projected to range from 20% to 25%. These pollutants not only disrupt immune responses but can also trigger immunotoxicity. Phosphoinositide signaling, a pivotal regulator of immune responses, plays a central role in the development of autoimmune diseases and exhibits high sensitivity to environmental stressors. Among these stressors, environmental pollutants have become increasingly prevalent in our society, contributing to the initiation and exacerbation of autoimmune conditions. In this review, we summarize the intricate interplay between phosphoinositide signaling and autoimmune diseases within the context of environmental pollutants and contaminants. We provide an up-to-date overview of stress-induced phosphoinositide signaling, discuss 14 selected examples categorized into three groups of environmental pollutants and their connections to immune diseases, and shed light on the associated phosphoinositide signaling pathways. Through these discussions, this review advances our understanding of how phosphoinositide signaling influences the coordinated immune response to environmental stressors at a biological level. Furthermore, it offers valuable insights into potential research directions and therapeutic targets aimed at mitigating the impact of environmental pollutants on the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. SYNOPSIS: Phosphoinositide signaling at the intersection of environmental pollutants and autoimmunity provides novel insights for managing autoimmune diseases aggravated by pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Ren
- Department of Pharmacology, Joint Laboratory of Guangdong-Hong Kong Universities for Vascular Homeostasis and Diseases, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Noah D Carrillo
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Vincent L Cryns
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Richard A Anderson
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Mo Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Joint Laboratory of Guangdong-Hong Kong Universities for Vascular Homeostasis and Diseases, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.
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39
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Ceci C, Lacal PM, Barbaccia ML, Mercuri NB, Graziani G, Ledonne A. The VEGFs/VEGFRs system in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases: Pathophysiological roles and therapeutic implications. Pharmacol Res 2024; 201:107101. [PMID: 38336311 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
The vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) and their cognate receptors (VEGFRs), besides their well-known involvement in physiological angiogenesis/lymphangiogenesis and in diseases associated to pathological vessel formation, play multifaceted functions in the central nervous system (CNS). In addition to shaping brain development, by controlling cerebral vasculogenesis and regulating neurogenesis as well as astrocyte differentiation, the VEGFs/VEGFRs axis exerts essential functions in the adult brain both in physiological and pathological contexts. In this article, after describing the physiological VEGFs/VEGFRs functions in the CNS, we focus on the VEGFs/VEGFRs involvement in neurodegenerative diseases by reviewing the current literature on the rather complex VEGFs/VEGFRs contribution to the pathogenic mechanisms of Alzheimer's (AD) and Parkinson's (PD) diseases. Thereafter, based on the outcome of VEGFs/VEGFRs targeting in animal models of AD and PD, we discuss the factual relevance of pharmacological VEGFs/VEGFRs modulation as a novel and potential disease-modifying approach for these neurodegenerative pathologies. Specific VEGFRs targeting, aimed at selective VEGFR-1 inhibition, while preserving VEGFR-2 signal transduction, appears as a promising strategy to hit the molecular mechanisms underlying AD pathology. Moreover, therapeutic VEGFs-based approaches can be proposed for PD treatment, with the aim of fine-tuning their brain levels to amplify neurotrophic/neuroprotective effects while limiting an excessive impact on vascular permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Ceci
- Pharmacology Section, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Maria Luisa Barbaccia
- Pharmacology Section, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Nicola Biagio Mercuri
- Neurology Section, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Department of Experimental Neuroscience, Rome, Italy; Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Grazia Graziani
- Pharmacology Section, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
| | - Ada Ledonne
- Pharmacology Section, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Department of Experimental Neuroscience, Rome, Italy; Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
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Fujita T, Yuki T, Honda M. The construction of a microenvironment with the vascular network by co-culturing fibroblasts and endothelial cells. Regen Ther 2024; 25:138-146. [PMID: 38486822 PMCID: PMC10937109 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2023.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis and deposition in fibroblasts, and vascularization via endothelial cells are essential for successful tissue regeneration. Fibroblasts can produce both ECM, physical support for maintaining homeostasis, and bioactive molecules, such as growth factors and cytokines. Endothelial cells can secrete growth factors and form vascular networks that enable the supply of nutrients and oxygen and remove metabolic products. Methods In this study, we focused on combining Human Periodontal Ligament Fibroblasts (HPLF) and Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVEC) for tissue regeneration in clinical applications. Results The fibroblastic and angiogenic phenotypes were promoted in co-culture with HPLF and HUVEC at a ratio of 1:1 compared to HPLF or HUVEC mono-culture. The gene expression of ECM components and angiogenesis-related factors was also enhanced by HPLF/HUVEC co-culture. Despite an apparent increase in the expression of angiogenic factors, the levels of secreted growth factors decreased under co-culture conditions. These data suggest that ECM constructed by HPLF and HUVEC would act as a storage site for growth factors, which can later be released. Our results showed that cell-to-cell interactions between HPLF and HUVEC enhanced collagen synthesis and endothelial network formation, leading to the creation of highly vascularized constructs for periodontal tissue regeneration. Conclusion Successful periodontal tissue regeneration requires microenvironmental reconstruction and vascularization, which can be achieved using a co-culture system. In the present study, we found that fibroblastic and angiogenic phenotypes were enhanced by the co-culture of HPLF and HUVEC. The optimal culture conditions (1:1) could potentially accelerate tissue engineering, including ECM synthesis and EC tube formation, and these approaches can improve therapeutic efficacy after transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuwo Fujita
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Meiji University, 1-1-1 Higashimita, Tama-ku, Kawasaki 214-8571, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Taigo Yuki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Meiji University, 1-1-1 Higashimita, Tama-ku, Kawasaki 214-8571, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Michiyo Honda
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Meiji University, 1-1-1 Higashimita, Tama-ku, Kawasaki 214-8571, Kanagawa, Japan
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Chang Z, Jia Y, Gao M, Song L, Zhang W, Zhao R, Yu D, Liu X, Li J, Qin Y. PHF5A promotes esophageal squamous cell carcinoma progression via stabilizing VEGFA. Biol Direct 2024; 19:19. [PMID: 38429756 PMCID: PMC10905922 DOI: 10.1186/s13062-023-00440-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is the main subtype of esophageal cancer. Current therapeutic effect is far from satisfaction. Hence, identifying susceptible genes and potential targets is necessary for therapy of ESCC patients. METHODS Plant homeodomain (PHD)-finger domain protein 5 A (PHF5A) expression in ESCC tissues was examined by immunohistochemistry. RNA interference was used for in vitro loss-of-function experiments. In vivo assay was performed using xenograft mice model by subcutaneous injection. Besides, microarray assay and co-immunoprecipitation experiments were used to study the potential downstream molecules of PHF5A in ESCC. The molecular mechanism between PHF5A and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) was explored by a series of ubiquitination related assays. RESULTS We found that PHF5A was highly expressed in ESCC tissues compared to normal tissues and that was correlated with poor prognosis of ESCC. Loss-of-function experiments revealed that PHF5A silence remarkably inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and induced apoptosis as well as cell cycle arrest. Consistently, in vivo assay demonstrated that PHF5A deficiency was able to attenuate tumor growth. Furthermore, molecular studies showed that PHF5A silencing promoted VEGFA ubiquitination by interacting with MDM2, thereby regulating VEGFA protein expression. Subsequently, in rescue experiments, our data suggested that ESCC cell viability and migration promoted by PHF5A were dependent on intact VEGFA. Finally, PI3K/AKT signaling rescue was able to alleviate shPHF5A-mediated cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. CONCLUSION PHF5A is a tumor promoter in ESCC, which is dependent on VEGFA and PI3K/AKT signaling. PHF5A might serve as a potential therapeutic target for ESCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Chang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, P.R. China
| | - Yongxu Jia
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, P.R. China
| | - Ming Gao
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, P.R. China
| | - Lijie Song
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, P.R. China
| | - Weijie Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, P.R. China
| | - Ruihua Zhao
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, P.R. China
| | - Dandan Yu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, P.R. China
| | - Xiaolei Liu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, P.R. China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, P.R. China
| | - Yanru Qin
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, P.R. China.
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, P.R. China.
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Wang H, Yang S, Chen L, Li Y, He P, Wang G, Dong H, Ma P, Ding G. Tumor diagnosis using carbon-based quantum dots: Detection based on the hallmarks of cancer. Bioact Mater 2024; 33:174-222. [PMID: 38034499 PMCID: PMC10684566 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbon-based quantum dots (CQDs) have been shown to have promising application value in tumor diagnosis. Their use, however, is severely hindered by the complicated nature of the nanostructures in the CQDs. Furthermore, it seems impossible to formulate the mechanisms involved using the inadequate theoretical frameworks that are currently available for CQDs. In this review, we re-consider the structure-property relationships of CQDs and summarize the current state of development of CQDs-based tumor diagnosis based on biological theories that are fully developed. The advantages and deficiencies of recent research on CQDs-based tumor diagnosis are thus explained in terms of the manifestation of nine essential changes in cell physiology. This review makes significant progress in addressing related problems encountered with other nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Materials for Integrated Circuit, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, PR China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Superconducting Electronics (CENSE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, PR China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Siwei Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Materials for Integrated Circuit, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, PR China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Liangfeng Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Materials for Integrated Circuit, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, PR China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Yongqiang Li
- National Key Laboratory of Materials for Integrated Circuit, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, PR China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Peng He
- National Key Laboratory of Materials for Integrated Circuit, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, PR China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Microelectronic Science and Engineering, School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, PR China
| | - Hui Dong
- National Key Laboratory of Materials for Integrated Circuit, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, PR China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Superconducting Electronics (CENSE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, PR China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Peixiang Ma
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, PR China
| | - Guqiao Ding
- National Key Laboratory of Materials for Integrated Circuit, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, PR China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, 100049, PR China
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Mohammed FS, Babu D, Irfan Z, Fayed MA. A review on the traditional uses, nutritive importance, pharmacognostic features, phytochemicals, and pharmacology of Momordica cymbalaria Hook F. PeerJ 2024; 12:e16928. [PMID: 38436002 PMCID: PMC10906271 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Momordica cymbalaria Hook F. (MC), belonging to the family Cucurbitaceae, is a plant with several biological activities. This detailed, comprehensive review gathers and presents all the information related to the geographical distribution, morphology, therapeutic uses, nutritional values, pharmacognostic characters, phytochemicals, and pharmacological activities of MC. The available literature showed that MC fruits are utilized as a stimulant, tonic, laxative, stomachic, and to combat inflammatory disorders. The fruits are used to treat spleen and liver diseases and are applied in folk medicine to induce abortion and treat diabetes mellitus. The phytochemical screening studies report that MC fruits contain tannins, alkaloids, phenols, proteins, amino acids, vitamin C, carbohydrates, β-carotenes, palmitic acid, oleic acid, stearic acid, α-eleostearic acid, and γ-linolenic acid. The fruits also contain calcium, sodium, iron, potassium, copper, manganese, zinc, and phosphorus. Notably, momordicosides are cucurbitacin triterpenoids reported in the fruits of MC. Diverse pharmacological activities of MC, such as analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, nephroprotective, antidiabetic, cardioprotective, antidepressant, anticonvulsant, anticancer, antiangiogenic, antifertility, antiulcer, antimicrobial, antidiarrheal and anthelmintic, have been reported by many investigators. M. cymbalaria methanolic extract is safe up to 2,000 mg/kg. Furthermore, no symptoms of toxicity were found. These pharmacological activities are mechanistically interpreted and described in this review. Additionally, the microscopic, powder and physiochemical characteristics of MC tubers are also highlighted. In summary, possesses remarkable medicinal values, which warrant further detailed studies to exploit its potential benefits therapeutically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Firdous Sayeed Mohammed
- Department of Pharmacology, Calcutta Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Allied Health Sciences, Uluberia, Howrah, West Bengal, India
| | - Dinesh Babu
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Katz Group Centre for Pharmacy and Health Research, University of Alberta, Alberta, Canada
| | - Zainab Irfan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Brainware University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Marwa A.A. Fayed
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
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Pessino G, Scotti C, Maggi M, Immuno-Hub Consortium. Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Old and Emerging Therapeutic Targets. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:901. [PMID: 38473265 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16050901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer, predominantly hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), globally ranks sixth in incidence and third in cancer-related deaths. HCC risk factors include non-viral hepatitis, alcohol abuse, environmental exposures, and genetic factors. No specific genetic alterations are unequivocally linked to HCC tumorigenesis. Current standard therapies include surgical options, systemic chemotherapy, and kinase inhibitors, like sorafenib and regorafenib. Immunotherapy, targeting immune checkpoints, represents a promising avenue. FDA-approved checkpoint inhibitors, such as atezolizumab and pembrolizumab, show efficacy, and combination therapies enhance clinical responses. Despite this, the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a challenge, as the complex tumor ecosystem and the immunosuppressive microenvironment associated with it hamper the efficacy of the available therapeutic approaches. This review explores current and advanced approaches to treat HCC, considering both known and new potential targets, especially derived from proteomic analysis, which is today considered as the most promising approach. Exploring novel strategies, this review discusses antibody drug conjugates (ADCs), chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy (CAR-T), and engineered antibodies. It then reports a systematic analysis of the main ligand/receptor pairs and molecular pathways reported to be overexpressed in tumor cells, highlighting their potential and limitations. Finally, it discusses TGFβ, one of the most promising targets of the HCC microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greta Pessino
- Unit of Immunology and General Pathology, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Claudia Scotti
- Unit of Immunology and General Pathology, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Maristella Maggi
- Unit of Immunology and General Pathology, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Immuno-Hub Consortium
- Unit of Immunology and General Pathology, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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Xu Y, Xia D, Deng S, Liang M. Isoimperatorin Inhibits Angiogenesis by Suppressing VEGFR2 Signaling Pathway. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2024:10.1007/s10557-024-07561-5. [PMID: 38363479 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-024-07561-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Angiogenesis involves in many pathological processes, including tumor metastasis, diabetic retinopathy, and rheumatoid arthritis. Therefore, identifying therapeutic drugs that target angiogenesis may be a promising strategy for disease treatment. Isoimperatorin is a furanocoumarin with anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial effects. However, the impacts of isoimperatorin on angiogenesis and its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to verify its effects on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced endothelial angiogenesis. METHODS We employed various assays including 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine incorporation assay, transwell migration assay, wound healing assay, tube formation assay, and Western blot to evaluate the effects of isoimperatorin on angiogenesis in vitro. Additionally, we utilized Western blot and immunofluorescence analysis to examine the activation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) 2 and its downstream signaling pathways following isoimperatorin treatment. To further validate the anti-angiogenic effects of isoimperatorin in vivo, we conducted a matrigel plug assay and established an orthotopic tumor model. RESULTS We demonstrated that pretreatment with isoimperatorin inhibited VEGF-induced endothelial cell proliferation, migration, and tube formation. Isoimperatorin also suppressed angiogenesis in vivo in a matrigel plug assay and in an orthotopic tumor model. Our results revealed that isoimperatorin exhibited anti-angiogenic effects via inhibiting VEGFR2 and its downstream signaling pathways activation. CONCLUSIONS Our study showed that isoimperatorin suppressed angiogenesis by targeting the VEGFR2 signaling pathway and could be a potential therapeutic agent for targeting angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yating Xu
- Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Di Xia
- Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Abnormalities and Vascular Aging, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovascular Center, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shan Deng
- Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430022, China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Abnormalities and Vascular Aging, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
- Hubei clinical research center for metabolic and cardiovascular disease, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Minglu Liang
- Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430022, China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Abnormalities and Vascular Aging, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
- Hubei clinical research center for metabolic and cardiovascular disease, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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Qi B, Ding Y, Zhang Y, Kou L, Zhao YZ, Yao Q. Biomaterial-assisted strategies to improve islet graft revascularization and transplant outcomes. Biomater Sci 2024; 12:821-836. [PMID: 38168805 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm01295f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Islet transplantation holds significant promise as a curative approach for type 1 diabetes (T1D). However, the transition of islet transplantation from the experimental phase to widespread clinical implementation has not occurred yet. One major hurdle in this field is the challenge of insufficient vascularization and subsequent early loss of transplanted islets, especially in non-intraportal transplantation sites. The establishment of a fully functional vascular system following transplantation is crucial for the survival and secretion function of islet grafts. This vascular network not only ensures the delivery of oxygen and nutrients, but also plays a critical role in insulin release and the timely removal of metabolic waste from the grafts. This review summarizes recent advances in effective strategies to improve graft revascularization and enhance islet survival. These advancements include the local release and regulation of angiogenic factors (e.g., vascular endothelial growth factor, VEGF), co-transplantation of vascular fragments, and pre-vascularization of the graft site. These innovative approaches pave the way for the development of effective islet transplantation therapies for individuals with T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyang Qi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
| | - Yang Ding
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
| | - Longfa Kou
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ying-Zheng Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
| | - Qing Yao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
- Cixi Biomedical Research Institute, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China
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Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is well known for its angiogenic activity, but recent evidence has revealed a neuroprotective action of this factor on injured or diseased neurons. In the present review, we summarize the most relevant findings that have contributed to establish a link between VEGF deficiency and neuronal degeneration. At issue, 1) mutant mice with reduced levels of VEGF show adult-onset muscle weakness and motoneuron degeneration resembling amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), 2) administration of VEGF to different animal models of motoneuron degeneration improves motor performance and ameliorates motoneuronal degeneration, and 3) there is an association between low plasmatic levels of VEGF and human ALS. Altogether, the results presented in this review highlight VEGF as an essential motoneuron neurotrophic factor endowed with promising therapeutic potential for the treatment of motoneuron disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula M Calvo
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Rosendo G Hernández
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Angel M Pastor
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Rosa R de la Cruz
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
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Aslam S, Zulfiqar F, Hameed W, Qureshi S, Zaroon, Bashir H. Fusion proteins development strategies and their role as cancer therapeutic agents. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2024; 71:81-95. [PMID: 37822167 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Cancer continues to be leading cause of morbidity and mortality despite decades of research and advancement in chemotherapy. Most tumors can be reduced via standard oncology treatments, such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgical resection, and they frequently recur. Significant progress has been made since targeted cancer therapy inception in creation of medications that exhibit improved tumor-selective action. Particularly in preclinical and clinical investigations, fusion proteins have shown strong activity and improved treatment outcomes for a number of human cancers. Synergistically combining many proteins into one complex allows the creation of synthetic fusion proteins with enhanced characteristics or new capabilities. Signal transduction pathways are important for onset, development, and spread of cancer. As result, signaling molecules are desirable targets for cancer therapies, and significant effort has been made into developing fusion proteins that would act as inhibitors of these pathways. A wide range of biotechnological and medicinal applications are made possible by fusion of protein domains that improves bioactivities or creates new functional combinations. Such proteins may function as immune effectors cell recruiters to tumors or as decoy receptors for various ligands. In this review article, we have outlined the standard methods for creating fusion proteins and covered the applications of fusion proteins in treatment of cancer. This article also highlights the role of fusion proteins in targeting the signaling pathways involved in cancer for effective treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shakira Aslam
- Center for Applied Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Warda Hameed
- King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shahnila Qureshi
- Center for Applied Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Zaroon
- Center for Applied Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Hamid Bashir
- Center for Applied Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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Zhang L, Buonfiglio F, Fieß A, Pfeiffer N, Gericke A. Retinopathy of Prematurity-Targeting Hypoxic and Redox Signaling Pathways. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:148. [PMID: 38397746 PMCID: PMC10885953 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13020148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a proliferative vascular ailment affecting the retina. It is the main risk factor for visual impairment and blindness in infants and young children worldwide. If left undiagnosed and untreated, it can progress to retinal detachment and severe visual impairment. Geographical variations in ROP epidemiology have emerged over recent decades, attributable to differing levels of care provided to preterm infants across countries and regions. Our understanding of the causes of ROP, screening, diagnosis, treatment, and associated risk factors continues to advance. This review article aims to present the pathophysiological mechanisms of ROP, including its treatment. Specifically, it delves into the latest cutting-edge treatment approaches targeting hypoxia and redox signaling pathways for this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Adrian Gericke
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (L.Z.); (F.B.); (A.F.); (N.P.)
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Yang K, Li J, Zhu J, Chen Y, He Y, Wang J, Shen K, Wang K, Shi T, Chen W. HOOK3 suppresses proliferation and metastasis in gastric cancer via the SP1/VEGFA axis. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:33. [PMID: 38228617 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-01808-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
HOOK3, a member of the human hook microtubule-tethering protein family, has been implicated in the progression of cancer. However, the role of HOOK3 in the pathogenesis of gastric cancer (GC) remains incompletely understood. In this study, we investigated the expression of HOOK3 protein in GC tissues using immunohistochemistry (IHC). The findings of our study indicate that the expression levels of HOOK3 in GC tissues were relatively low. Furthermore, a significant negative association was seen between HOOK3 expression and the prognosis of patients with GC. The suppression of HOOK3 resulted in a notable increase in the proliferation, migration, invasion, and survival of GC cells. Conversely, the overexpression of HOOK3 had the opposite impact, reducing these cellular processes. Moreover, in vivo tests have shown evidence that the overexpression of HOOK3 significantly inhibited the formation of tumors and the spread of GC cells to the lungs. In a mechanistic manner, the analysis of RNA-seq data demonstrated that the knockdown of HOOK3 resulted in a notable increase in the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) in GC cells. Furthermore, the upregulation of VEGFA counteracted the impacts of HOOK3 upregulation on the proliferation, migration, invasion, and survival of GC cells. Furthermore, it was revealed that specificity protein 1 (SP1) exhibited the ability to bind to the promoter region of VEGFA. Moreover, the overexpression of SP1 successfully counteracted the inhibitory impact of HOOK3 overexpression on the expression of VEGFA in GC cells. In summary, the results of our study indicate that HOOK3 has a role in inhibiting the growth, migration, invasion, and survival of GC cells by modulating the SP1/VEGFA pathway. These findings contribute significant knowledge to our understanding of the underlying mechanisms involved in the development of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexi Yang
- Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Juntao Li
- Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jinghan Zhu
- Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yuqi Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yuxin He
- Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jiayu Wang
- Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Kanger Shen
- Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Tongguo Shi
- Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
| | - Weichang Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
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