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Silva AC, Costa MP, Zacaron TM, Ferreira KCB, Braz WR, Fabri RL, Frézard FJG, Pittella F, Tavares GD. The Role of Inhaled Chitosan-Based Nanoparticles in Lung Cancer Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:969. [PMID: 39204314 PMCID: PMC11359377 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16080969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, largely due to the limited efficacy of anticancer drugs, which is primarily attributed to insufficient doses reaching the lungs. Additionally, patients undergoing treatment experience severe systemic adverse effects due to the distribution of anticancer drugs to non-targeted sites. In light of these challenges, there has been a growing interest in pulmonary administration of drugs for the treatment of lung cancer. This route allows drugs to be delivered directly to the lungs, resulting in high local concentrations that can enhance antitumor efficacy while mitigating systemic toxic effects. However, pulmonary administration poses the challenge of overcoming the mechanical, chemical, and immunological defenses of the respiratory tract that prevent the inhaled drug from properly penetrating the lungs. To overcome these drawbacks, the use of nanoparticles in inhaler formulations may be a promising strategy. Nanoparticles can assist in minimizing drug clearance, increasing penetration into the lung epithelium, and enhancing cellular uptake. They can also facilitate increased drug stability, promote controlled drug release, and delivery to target sites, such as the tumor environment. Among them, chitosan-based nanoparticles demonstrate advantages over other polymeric nanocarriers due to their unique biological properties, including antitumor activity and mucoadhesive capacity. These properties have the potential to enhance the efficacy of the drug when administered via the pulmonary route. In view of the above, this paper provides an overview of the research conducted on the delivery of anticancer drug-loaded chitosan-based nanoparticles incorporated into inhaled drug delivery devices for the treatment of lung cancer. Furthermore, the article addresses the use of emerging technologies, such as siRNA (small interfering RNA), in the context of lung cancer therapy. Particularly, recent studies employing chitosan-based nanoparticles for siRNA delivery via the pulmonary route are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allana Carvalho Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil; (A.C.S.); (M.P.C.); (T.M.Z.); (K.C.B.F.); (W.R.B.); (R.L.F.); (F.P.)
| | - Mirsiane Pascoal Costa
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil; (A.C.S.); (M.P.C.); (T.M.Z.); (K.C.B.F.); (W.R.B.); (R.L.F.); (F.P.)
| | - Thiago Medeiros Zacaron
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil; (A.C.S.); (M.P.C.); (T.M.Z.); (K.C.B.F.); (W.R.B.); (R.L.F.); (F.P.)
| | - Kézia Cristine Barbosa Ferreira
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil; (A.C.S.); (M.P.C.); (T.M.Z.); (K.C.B.F.); (W.R.B.); (R.L.F.); (F.P.)
| | - Wilson Rodrigues Braz
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil; (A.C.S.); (M.P.C.); (T.M.Z.); (K.C.B.F.); (W.R.B.); (R.L.F.); (F.P.)
| | - Rodrigo Luiz Fabri
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil; (A.C.S.); (M.P.C.); (T.M.Z.); (K.C.B.F.); (W.R.B.); (R.L.F.); (F.P.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Frédéric Jean Georges Frézard
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil;
| | - Frederico Pittella
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil; (A.C.S.); (M.P.C.); (T.M.Z.); (K.C.B.F.); (W.R.B.); (R.L.F.); (F.P.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Diniz Tavares
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil; (A.C.S.); (M.P.C.); (T.M.Z.); (K.C.B.F.); (W.R.B.); (R.L.F.); (F.P.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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WZB117 Decorated Metformin-Carboxymethyl Chitosan Nanoparticles for Targeting Breast Cancer Metabolism. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15040976. [PMID: 36850263 PMCID: PMC9962472 DOI: 10.3390/polym15040976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The "Warburg effect" provides a novel method for treating cancer cell metabolism. Overexpression of glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1), activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and downregulation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) have been identified as biomarkers of abnormal cancer cell metabolism. Metformin (MET) is an effective therapy for breast cancer (BC), but its efficacy is largely reliant on the concentration of glucose at the tumor site. We propose a WZB117 (a GLUT1 inhibitor)-OCMC (O-carboxymethyl-chitosan)-MET combo strategy for simultaneous GLUT1 and mTOR targeting for alteration of BC metabolism. WZB117 conjugated polymeric nanoparticles were 225.67 ± 11.5 nm in size, with a PDI of 0.113 ± 0.16, and an encapsulation of 72.78 6.4%. OCMC pH-dependently and selectively releases MET at the tumor site. MET targets the mTOR pathway in cancer cells, and WZB117 targets BCL2 to alter GLUT1 at the cancer site. WZB117-OCMC-MET overcomes the limitations of MET monotherapy by targeting mTOR and BCL2 synergistically. WZB117-OCMC-MET activates AMPK and suppresses mTOR in a Western blot experiment, indicating growth-inhibitory and apoptotic characteristics. AO/EB and the cell cycle enhance cellular internalization as compared to MET alone. WZB117-OCMC-MET affects cancer cells' metabolism and is a promising BC therapeutic strategy.
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Püsküllüoğlu M, Michalak I. An ocean of possibilities: a review of marine organisms as sources of nanoparticles for cancer care. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2022; 17:1695-1719. [PMID: 36562416 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2022-0206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Seas and oceans have been explored for the last 70 years in search of new compounds that can support the battle against cancer. Marine polysaccharides can act as nanomaterials for medical applications and marine-derived bioactive compounds can be applied for the biosynthesis of metallic and nonmetallic nanoparticles. Nanooncology can be used in numerous fields including diagnostics, serving as drug carriers or acting as drugs. This review focuses on marine-derived nanoparticles with potential oncological applications. It classifies organisms used for nanoparticle production, explains the production process, presents different types of nanoparticles with prospective applications in oncology, describes the molecular pathways responsible for numerous nanomedicine applications, tags areas of nanoparticle implementation in oncology and speculates about future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirosława Püsküllüoğlu
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Kraków Branch, Garncarska 11, Kraków, 31-115, Poland
| | - Izabela Michalak
- Wrocław University of Science & Technology, Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Smoluchowskiego 25, Wrocław, 50-370, Poland
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Sriamornsak P, Dass CR. Chitosan Nanoparticles in Atherosclerosis-Development to Preclinical Testing. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:935. [PMID: 35631521 PMCID: PMC9145436 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14050935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Chitosan is a natural biopolymer that is present in an abundant supply in sources such as crustacean shells, mushrooms, and insect exoskeletons. It can be used to make a variety of types of drug formulations and is generally safe to use in vivo; plus, it has inherent cholesterol-reducing properties. While an abundance of papers has tested this biopolymer in nanoparticles in cancer and diabetes research, there is a lag of usage, and hence the paucity of information, in the area of cardiovascular research, specifically in atherosclerosis, the topic of this review. This review highlights some of the deficiencies in this niche area of research, examines the range of chitosan nanoparticles that have been researched to date, and proposes several ways forward to advance this field. Nanoparticles used for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes are reviewed, with a discussion on how these nanoparticles could be better researched in future and what lays ahead as the field potentially moves towards clinical trials in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pornsak Sriamornsak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand;
- Pharmaceutical Biopolymer Group (PBiG), Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand
- Academy of Science, The Royal Society of Thailand, Bangkok 10300, Thailand
| | - Crispin R. Dass
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Australia
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Bentley 6102, Australia
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Fukui N, Yawata T, Nakajo T, Kawanishi Y, Higashi Y, Yamashita T, Aratake T, Honke K, Ueba T. Targeting CD146 using folic acid-conjugated nanoparticles and suppression of tumor growth in a mouse glioma model. J Neurosurg 2021; 134:1772-1782. [PMID: 32707539 DOI: 10.3171/2020.4.jns193078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Glioma stem cells (GSCs) are responsible for tumor initiation, therapeutic resistance, and recurrence. CD146 is mainly expressed in dividing GSCs and regulates cell cycle progression. However, the evaluation of the efficacy of targeted therapy against CD146 in vivo remains to be investigated. In this study, the authors aimed to develop gene therapy targeting GSCs using chitosan oligosaccharide lactate (COL) nanoparticles (NPs) conjugated with folic acid-polyethylene glycol (FA-PEG-COL NPs) for in vitro and in vivo delivery of CD146 small-interfering RNA (siCD146) and to determine the effect of CD146 knockdown on tumor growth. METHODS To examine the uptake of NPs by tumor cells, immunofluorescence staining, flow cytometry, and in vivo imaging were performed. The knockdown effect of siCD146 was measured by western blot and water-soluble tetrazolium salt-8 assay in mouse glioma cells. The efficacy of siRNA therapy-targeted GSCs was evaluated by monitoring tumor growth through in vivo imaging and histological analysis. RESULTS In vivo accumulation of the FA-PEG-COL NPs in subcutaneous and intracranial gliomas following NP administration via a mouse tail vein was observed. Additionally, in vitro delivery of siCD146 ionically cross-linked NPs, reduced CD146 levels, and suppressed growth in the glioma tumor sphere. Evaluation of the in vivo therapeutic effects of siCD146-cross-linked NPs in a mouse glioma model revealed significant suppression of intracranial tumor growth, with complete removal of the tumor observed in some mice on histological examination. Furthermore, delivery of siCD146 significantly reduced the Ki-67 index in residual tumor tissues relative to that in control mice. CONCLUSIONS CD146 is a potential therapeutic target, and folic acid-conjugated NPs delivering siRNA may facilitate gene therapy in malignant gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Takaaki Aratake
- 2Pharmacology, and
- 4Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koichi Honke
- 3Biochemistry, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Nankoku, Kochi; and
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Ashrafizadeh M, Delfi M, Hashemi F, Zabolian A, Saleki H, Bagherian M, Azami N, Farahani MV, Sharifzadeh SO, Hamzehlou S, Hushmandi K, Makvandi P, Zarrabi A, Hamblin MR, Varma RS. Biomedical application of chitosan-based nanoscale delivery systems: Potential usefulness in siRNA delivery for cancer therapy. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 260:117809. [PMID: 33712155 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.117809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Gene therapy is an emerging and promising strategy in cancer therapy where small interfering RNA (siRNA) system has been deployed for down-regulation of targeted gene and subsequent inhibition in cancer progression; some issues with siRNA, however, linger namely, its off-targeting property and degradation by enzymes. Nanoparticles can be applied for the encapsulation of siRNA thus enhancing its efficacy in gene silencing where chitosan (CS), a linear alkaline polysaccharide derived from chitin, with superb properties such as biodegradability, biocompatibility, stability and solubility, can play a vital role. Herein, the potential of CS nanoparticles has been discussed for the delivery of siRNA in cancer therapy; proliferation, metastasis and chemoresistance are suppressed by siRNA-loaded CS nanoparticles, especially the usage of pH-sensitive CS nanoparticles. CS nanoparticles can provide a platform for the co-delivery of siRNA and anti-tumor agents with their enhanced stability via chemical modifications. As pre-clinical experiments are in agreement with potential of CS-based nanoparticles for siRNA delivery, and these carriers possess biocompatibiliy and are safe, further studies can focus on evaluating their utilization in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Tuzla, 34956 Istanbul, Turkey; Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Orta Mahalle, Üniversite Caddesi No. 27, Orhanlı, Tuzla, 34956 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Masoud Delfi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Farid Hashemi
- PhD Student of Pharmacology, Department of Comparative Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Zabolian
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Saleki
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Bagherian
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Negar Azami
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Seyed Omid Sharifzadeh
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soodeh Hamzehlou
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of Epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pooyan Makvandi
- Centre for Materials Interface, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Pontedera 56025, Pisa, Italy
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Tuzla, 34956 Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein 2028, South Africa.
| | - Rajender S Varma
- Regional Center of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacky University, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
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Hu L, Fu X, Kong G, Yin Y, Meng HM, Ke G, Zhang XB. DNAzyme–gold nanoparticle-based probes for biosensing and bioimaging. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:9449-9465. [DOI: 10.1039/d0tb01750g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The design and applications of DNAzyme–gold nanoparticle-based probes in biosensing and bioimaging are summarized here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Hu
- Molecular Sciences and Biomedicine Laboratory
- State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hunan University
- Changsha
| | - Xiaoyi Fu
- Molecular Sciences and Biomedicine Laboratory
- State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hunan University
- Changsha
| | - Gezhi Kong
- Molecular Sciences and Biomedicine Laboratory
- State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hunan University
- Changsha
| | - Yao Yin
- Molecular Sciences and Biomedicine Laboratory
- State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hunan University
- Changsha
| | - Hong-Min Meng
- College of Chemistry
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450001
- P. R. China
| | - Guoliang Ke
- Molecular Sciences and Biomedicine Laboratory
- State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hunan University
- Changsha
| | - Xiao-Bing Zhang
- Molecular Sciences and Biomedicine Laboratory
- State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hunan University
- Changsha
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Sentürk M, Ercan F, Yalcin S. The secondary metabolites produced by Lactobacillus plantarum downregulate BCL-2 and BUFFY genes on breast cancer cell line and model organism Drosophila melanogaster: molecular docking approach. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2019; 85:33-45. [PMID: 31673827 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-019-03978-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The current study was designed to evaluate the toxicity of the secondary metabolites of Lactobacillus plantarum against the human breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) and the Drosophila melanogaster. METHODS In this study, toxicity analyses of secondary metabolites of Lactobacillus plantarum were analyzed on breast cancer cells, and the Drosophila melanogaster. After application, in the MCF-7 cell line, expression levels of RRAS-2, TP53, BCL-2, APAF-1, CASP-3, FADD, CASP-7, BOK genes; in D. melanogaster; expression levels of RAS64B P53, BUFFY, DARK, DECAY, FADD, DRICE, and DEBCL genes were determined by RT-PCR. In addition, analysis of L. plantarum secondary metabolite was performed by GC-MS method and molecular binding poses of secondary metabolites and human enzymes were investigated in silico. RESULTS Drosophila melanogaster being used as a model organism where some of the human genes were preserved. The IC50 value of the secondary metabolite in the MCF-7 cell line was determined to be 0.0011 mg/ml. Lethal concentration 50 (LC50) and 99 (LC99) values of secondary metabolites against fruit fly adults were 0.24 mg/ml and 0.54 mg/ml, respectively. The expression levels of BCL-2 and BUFFY genes which are anti-apoptotic in human and fruit flies have been reduced, and at the same time, increased expression of DECAY, FADD, RAS64B apoptotic genes in D. melanogaster. CONCLUSION The substance detected in the secondary metabolite content and encoded as L13 (3-phenyl-1, 2, 4-benzotriazine) has been observed to have high binding affinity in the studied genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melih Sentürk
- Institute of Science and Technology, Kırşehir Ahi Evran University, Kırşehir, Turkey
| | - Fahriye Ercan
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Kırşehir Ahi Evran University, Kırşehir, Turkey
| | - Serap Yalcin
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Art, Kırşehir Ahi Evran University, Kırşehir, Turkey.
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Poliglusam Nanoparticles Activate T Cell Response in Breast Cancer Cell: an In Vivo and In Vitro Study. J Fluoresc 2019; 29:1057-1064. [PMID: 31493175 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-019-02423-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Poliglusam nanoparticles are potential therapeutic agents for the treatment of cancer. In particular, their efficacy has been reported as delivery systems in breast cancer. The aim of this study is to propose a new immunotherapeutic strategy, using Poliglusam nanoparticles as activators of the human immune response. Poliglusam nanoparticles were synthesized and characterized using both dynamic light scattering and electron microscopy. Whilst, their effectiveness in immune stimulation and detection of apoptosis was evaluated by cytokine and TUNEL assays. Finally, the cytokines pattern in splenocytes revealed an increase in IFN-γ production. The results of cytotoxicity on 4 T1 cells show an increase in the mortality rate with respect to the control cell line. The rate of apoptosis induced by Poliglusam nanoparticles on 4 T1 mouse breast cancer cell line is about 45% higher compared to MCF-7 human cells line, revealing the natural tendency of Poliglusam in increasing the production of IFN-γ in cancer cells. At the state-of-art of the knowledge, very few information have been achieved on the immunological effects of Poliglusam. This work is one of the first studies for the identification of non-functionalized Poliglusam nanoparticles impact on breast cancer. Thus, their immunotherapeutic effect, combined with an anticancer drug, can be employed as potential effective drug for eliminating breast cancer cells in the future.
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De A, Kuppuswamy G, Jaiswal A. Implementation of two different experimental designs for screening and optimization of process parameters for metformin-loaded carboxymethyl chitosan formulation. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2019; 45:1821-1834. [PMID: 31486683 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2019.1665060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Metformin (MET) was effectively encapsulated into O-carboxymethyl chitosan (O-CMC) polymeric formulation using an experimental design method. Six factors Plackett-Burman (PB) design was utilized to find the significant process parameters. Linear equations used to study the effect of each process parameters on particle size (PS), encapsulation efficiency (EE), and zeta potential (ZP) and the most influential three factors decided for further optimization. Optimization was carried out by implementing three-factor three-level Box-Behnken (BB) design. Mathematical models were generated by regression analysis for responses of PS, EE, and ZP. Two-step experimental design took into account for the preparation of optimized formulation with maximum %EE (72.78 ± 9.7%) and minimum PS (225.67 ± 5.53 nm) at optimum process conditions with a ZP of -5.22 mV for the nano-polymeric formulation in an economical matter by reduction chemical use and formulation time. Furthermore, the biological activity of the final formulation was determined by in vitro cytotoxicity study compared to free MET. The cytotoxicity result reveals that both pure drug and nano-formulation biocompatible with MCF10A non-tumorigenic cell line and lethal for the MCF7 cell line. These in vitro results were the first helpful step to further investigate O-CMC loaded MET nanoparticles in diagnostic and therapeutic applications of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anindita De
- JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research , Ooty , India
| | | | - Ayush Jaiswal
- JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research , Ooty , India
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Miranda-Calderón J, Macías-Rosales L, Gracia-Mora I, Ruiz-Azuara L, Faustino-Vega A, Gracia-Mora J, Bernad-Bernad M. Effect of casiopein III-ia loaded into chitosan nanoparticles on tumor growth inhibition. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2018.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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12
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Shankar S, Pangeni R, Park JW, Rhim JW. Preparation of sulfur nanoparticles and their antibacterial activity and cytotoxic effect. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2018; 92:508-517. [PMID: 30184776 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Sulfur nanoparticles (SNPs) were prepared using sodium thiosulfate and hydrochloric acid, and the UV-visible spectrum showed the formation of nanoparticulate sulfur. The SNPs were characterized by UV-visible spectrophotometer, transmission electron microscope (TEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The antibacterial activity and the cytotoxic effects of the SNPs on the human lung carcinoma (A549), mouse colon carcinoma (CT26), Caco-2, and human fibroblast (CCD-986sk) cells were tested. In addition, the inhibitory effect of the SNPs on the cancer cell migration was evaluated. The SNPs capped with chitosan (SNP2) exhibited strong antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. SNP2 also effectively inhibited the proliferation and migration of cancer cells with minimal toxic effect on normal cells. SNP2 therefore has potential for medical applications, including those used as antibacterial and chemotherapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiv Shankar
- Center for Humanities and Sciences, Bionanocomposite Research Center, Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Rudra Pangeni
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Natural Medicine Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Muan-gun, Jeonnam 58554, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Woo Park
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Natural Medicine Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Muan-gun, Jeonnam 58554, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Whan Rhim
- Center for Humanities and Sciences, Bionanocomposite Research Center, Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.
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13
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Lian D, Chen Y, Xu G, Zeng X, Li Z, Li Z, Zhou Y, Mei L, Li X. Delivery of siRNA targeting HIF-1α loaded chitosan modifiedd-α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate-b-poly(ε-caprolactone-ran-glycolide) nanoparticles into nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell to improve the therapeutic efficacy of cisplatin. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra03440c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanoformulation of siRNA targeting HIF-1α loaded chitosan modified TPGS-b-(PCL-ran-PGA) NPs could increase the therapeutic potential of cisplatin for nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daizheng Lian
- Department of Radiation Oncology
- Second Clinical Medicine College of Jinan University
- Shenzhen
- PR China
| | - Yuhan Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology
- Zhongshan Hospital
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200032
- PR China
| | - Gang Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology
- Second Clinical Medicine College of Jinan University
- Shenzhen
- PR China
| | - Xiaowei Zeng
- The Shenzhen Key Lab of Gene and Antibody Therapy
- Division of Life and Health Sciences
- Graduate School at Shenzhen
- Tsinghua University
- Shenzhen 518055
| | - Zhuangling Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology
- Second Clinical Medicine College of Jinan University
- Shenzhen
- PR China
| | - Zihuang Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology
- Second Clinical Medicine College of Jinan University
- Shenzhen
- PR China
| | - Yayan Zhou
- Department of Radiation Oncology
- Second Clinical Medicine College of Jinan University
- Shenzhen
- PR China
| | - Lin Mei
- The Shenzhen Key Lab of Gene and Antibody Therapy
- Division of Life and Health Sciences
- Graduate School at Shenzhen
- Tsinghua University
- Shenzhen 518055
| | - Xianming Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology
- Second Clinical Medicine College of Jinan University
- Shenzhen
- PR China
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Alexander A, Saraf S, Saraf S. A comparative study of chitosan and poloxamer based thermosensitive hydrogel for the delivery of PEGylated melphalan conjugates. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2015; 41:1954-61. [DOI: 10.3109/03639045.2015.1011167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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15
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Agirre M, Zarate J, Ojeda E, Puras G, Rojas LA, Alemany R, Pedraz JL. Delivery of an adenovirus vector plasmid by ultrapure oligochitosan based polyplexes. Int J Pharm 2014; 479:312-9. [PMID: 25550211 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.12.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2014] [Revised: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 12/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Ultrapure oligochitosans have been recently reported as efficient non-viral vectors for the delivery of pCMS-EGFP plasmid (5.5kbp) to the cornea and retina. However, the delivery of oncolytic adenoviral plasmids (40kbp) represents a unique challenge. In this work, we elaborated self assembled O15 and O25 UOC/pAdTLRGD polyplexes, and we studied the influence of the N/P ratio, the pH of the transfection medium and the salt concentration on the particle size and zeta potential by an orthogonal experimental design. All polyplexes showed a particle size lower than 200nm and a positive zeta potential. These parameters were influenced by the N/P ratio, salt concentration, and pH of the transfection medium. The selected polyplexes were able to bind, release, and protect the plasmid from DNase degradation. Transfection experiments in HEK293 and A549 cell lines demonstrated that UOC/pAdTLRGD polyplexes were able to deliver the plasmid and transfect both cell lines. These results suggest that O15 and O25 UOC based polyplexes are suitable for future in vivo applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mireia Agirre
- NanoBioCel Group, University of the Basque Country, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Networking Research Center of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Jon Zarate
- NanoBioCel Group, University of the Basque Country, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Networking Research Center of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Edilberto Ojeda
- NanoBioCel Group, University of the Basque Country, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Networking Research Center of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Gustavo Puras
- NanoBioCel Group, University of the Basque Country, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Networking Research Center of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Luis A Rojas
- Traslational Research Laboratory, IDIBELL-Institut Catalá d'Oncologia, L'Hospitalet de LLobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramón Alemany
- Traslational Research Laboratory, IDIBELL-Institut Catalá d'Oncologia, L'Hospitalet de LLobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José L Pedraz
- NanoBioCel Group, University of the Basque Country, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Networking Research Center of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
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16
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Friedhuber AM, Chandolu V, Manchun S, Donkor O, Sriamornsak P, Dass CR. Nucleotropic doxorubicin nanoparticles decrease cancer cell viability, destroy mitochondria, induce autophagy and enhance tumour necrosis. J Pharm Pharmacol 2014; 67:68-77. [DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2014] [Accepted: 08/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objective
Doxorubicin (Dox) is used clinically against various neoplasias, but suffers from serious side effects, and for the past three decades, this shortcoming has spurred research towards finding better drug delivery systems (DDSs) for this frontline drug.
Methods
A non-targeted nucleotropic Dox-loaded nanoparticle (DNP) DDS is described, which has a simple chemical design, is easy to formulate and administer, is inexpensive, non-biohazardous and may prove to be useful clinically.
Key findings
The DNP formulated via vortex-assisted complex coarcevation enhanced (300-fold) cell-inhibitory activity of the drug in a panel of human cancer cells (osteosarcoma, breast, prostate and colorectal cancer) and enhanced (10-fold) efficacy against osteosarcoma (OS) in vivo. The slow-release DNPs localised to the endoplasmic reticulum disrupted the mitochondria and entered the nucleus. Prominent cytosolic vacuolisation, budding off of portions of the cytoplasm, both suggestive of autophagy, were observed. Mice that were administered with DNPs intratumorally had the smallest tumours at the end of the study, with more necrotic hotspots.
Conclusion
This promising nucleotropic DDS enhances the cell delivery and activity of Dox against a variety of human cancer cell lines and in OS tumours in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M Friedhuber
- Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Vijay Chandolu
- Cancer Research Lab, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Somkamon Manchun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Osaana Donkor
- College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Pornsak Sriamornsak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
- Pharmaceutical Biopolymer Group (PBiG), Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Crispin R Dass
- School of Pharmacy, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
- Biosciences Research Precinct, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
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Wang Q, Wu P, Ren W, Xin K, Yang Y, Xie C, Yang C, Liu Q, Yu L, Jiang X, Liu B, Li R, Wang L. Comparative studies of salinomycin-loaded nanoparticles prepared by nanoprecipitation and single emulsion method. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2014; 9:351. [PMID: 25147486 PMCID: PMC4134115 DOI: 10.1186/1556-276x-9-351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2014] [Accepted: 06/14/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
To establish a satisfactory delivery system for the delivery of salinomycin (Sal), a novel, selective cancer stem cell inhibitor with prominent toxicity, gelatinase-responsive core-shell nanoparticles (NPs), were prepared by nanoprecipitation method (NR-NPs) and single emulsion method (SE-NPs). The gelatinase-responsive copolymer was prepared by carboxylation and double amination method. We studied the stability of NPs prepared by nanoprecipitation method with different proportions of F68 in aqueous phase to determine the best proportion used in our study. Then, the NPs were prepared by nanoprecipitation method with the best proportion of F68 and single emulsion method, and their physiochemical traits including morphology, particle size, zeta potential, drug loading content, stability, and in vitro release profiles were studied. The SE-NPs showed significant differences in particle size, drug loading content, stability, and in vitro release profiles compared to NR-NPs. The SE-NPs presented higher drug entrapment efficiency and superior stability than the NR-NPs. The drug release rate of SE-NPs was more sustainable than that of the NR-NPs, and in vivo experiment indicated that NPs could prominently reduce the toxicity of Sal. Our study demonstrates that the SE-NPs could be a satisfactory method for the preparation of gelatinase-responsive NPs for intelligent delivery of Sal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Wang
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Puyuan Wu
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center of Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University and Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Zhongshan Road 321, Nanjing 210008, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Ren
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center of Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University and Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Zhongshan Road 321, Nanjing 210008, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Xin
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yang Yang
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center of Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University and Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Zhongshan Road 321, Nanjing 210008, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Xie
- Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry and Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenchen Yang
- Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry and Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin Liu
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center of Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University and Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Zhongshan Road 321, Nanjing 210008, People's Republic of China
| | - Lixia Yu
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center of Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University and Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Zhongshan Road 321, Nanjing 210008, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiqun Jiang
- Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry and Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Baorui Liu
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center of Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University and Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Zhongshan Road 321, Nanjing 210008, People's Republic of China
| | - Rutain Li
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center of Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University and Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Zhongshan Road 321, Nanjing 210008, People's Republic of China
| | - Lifeng Wang
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center of Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University and Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Zhongshan Road 321, Nanjing 210008, People's Republic of China
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Alexander A, Ajazuddin, Khan J, Saraf S, Saraf S. Formulation and evaluation of chitosan-based long-acting injectable hydrogel for PEGylated melphalan conjugate. J Pharm Pharmacol 2014; 66:1240-50. [DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2014] [Accepted: 03/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amit Alexander
- University Institute of Pharmacy; Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University; Raipur Chhattisgarh India
| | - Ajazuddin
- Rungta College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research; Bhilai Chhattisgarh India
| | - Junaid Khan
- University Institute of Pharmacy; Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University; Raipur Chhattisgarh India
| | - Swarnlata Saraf
- University Institute of Pharmacy; Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University; Raipur Chhattisgarh India
| | - Shailendra Saraf
- University Institute of Pharmacy; Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University; Raipur Chhattisgarh India
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19
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Matokanovic M, Barisic K, Filipovic-Grcic J, Maysinger D. Hsp70 silencing with siRNA in nanocarriers enhances cancer cell death induced by the inhibitor of Hsp90. Eur J Pharm Sci 2013; 50:149-58. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2013.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2012] [Revised: 03/18/2013] [Accepted: 04/01/2013] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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20
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Indumathy S, Dass CR. Finding chemo: the search for marine-based pharmaceutical drugs active against cancer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 65:1280-301. [PMID: 23927467 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2013] [Accepted: 05/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cancer affects the health of many people globally. The most common treatment that is used for cancer is chemotherapy, which has shown promising results but not without side effects. Some of these side effects jeopardise further treatment, and this eventually leads to advanced stages of malignancy and mortality. As a result, there is a need for better and safer anticancer compounds such as those found naturally. One of the most abundant natural environments to find such compounds is the sea, and this vast resource has been biomined since the 1950s. KEY FINDINGS There are currently three marine anticancer agents marketed (Yondelis, Cytosar-U and Halaven), with several others undergoing clinical trials. This review discusses marine-derived products in clinical use and in clinical trials, and discusses available literature on the growth suppression or pro-apoptotic properties of these compounds, and the molecular mechanisms underpinning these cell biological phenomena. SUMMARY The marine environment may hold promising anticancer compounds within its depths, warranting further research to be performed in this area, albeit with respect for the natural ecosystems that are being explored for drug discover and subsequently used for drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivanjah Indumathy
- College of Biomedicine and Health, Victoria University, St Albans, Vic, Australia
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21
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Xiang Y, Wu P, Tan LH, Lu Y. DNAzyme-functionalized gold nanoparticles for biosensing. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2013; 140:93-120. [PMID: 24026635 DOI: 10.1007/10_2013_242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Recent progress in using DNAzyme-functionalized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) for biosensing is summarized in this chapter. A variety of methods, including those for attaching DNA on AuNPs, detecting metal ions and small molecules by DNAzyme-functionalized AuNPs, and intracellular applications of DNAzyme-functionalized AuNPs are discussed. DNAzyme-functionalized AuNPs will increasingly play more important roles in biosensing and many other multidisciplinary applications. This chapter covers the recent advancement in biosensing applications of DNAzyme-functionalized gold nanoparticles, including the detection of metal ions, small molecules, and intracellular imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Xiang
- Department of Chemistry and Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
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22
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Yang T, Nyiawung D, Silber A, Hao J, Lai L, Bai S. Comparative studies on chitosan and polylactic-co-glycolic acid incorporated nanoparticles of low molecular weight heparin. AAPS PharmSciTech 2012; 13:1309-18. [PMID: 23054983 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-012-9854-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2012] [Accepted: 09/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was performed to test the feasibility of chitosan and polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) incorporated nanoparticles as sustained-release carriers for the delivery of negatively charged low molecular weight heparin (LMWH). Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometry was used to evaluate the interactions between chitosan and LMWH. The shifts, intensity, and broadening of the characteristic peaks for the functional groups in the FTIR spectra indicated that strong interactions occur between the positively charged chitosans and the negatively charged LMWHs. Three types of LMWH nanoparticles (NP-1, NP-2, and NP-3) were prepared using chitosan with or without PLGA: NP-1 nanoparticles were formed by polyelectrolyte complexation after single mixing, NP-2 nanoparticles were prepared by polyelectrolyte complexation after single emulsion-diffusion-evaporation, and NP-3 nanoparticles were optimized by double emulsion-diffusion-evaporation. NP-3 nanoparticles of LMWH prepared by the emulsion-diffusion-evaporation method showed significant differences in particle morphology, size, zeta potential, and drug release profile compared to NP-1 nanoparticles formed by polyelectrolyte complexation. Another ionic complex of LMWH with chitosan-incorporated PLGA nanoparticles (NP-2) showed lower drug entrapment efficiency than that of NP-1 and NP-3. The drug release rate of NP-3 was slower than the release rates of NP-1 and NP-2, although particle morphology of NP-3 was similar to that of NP-2. Cell viability was not adversely affected when cells were treated with all three types of nanoparticles. The data presented in this study demonstrate that nanoparticles formulated with chitosan-PLGA could be a safe sustained-release carrier for the delivery of LMWH.
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Mishra J, Drummond J, Quazi SH, Karanki SS, Shaw JJ, Chen B, Kumar N. Prospective of colon cancer treatments and scope for combinatorial approach to enhanced cancer cell apoptosis. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2012; 86:232-50. [PMID: 23098684 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2012.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2012] [Revised: 09/03/2012] [Accepted: 09/26/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality in the western world. It is also the third most common cancer diagnosed in both men and women in the United States with a recent estimate for new cases of colorectal cancer in the year 2012 being around 103,170. Various risk factors for colorectal cancer include life-style, diet, age, personal and family history, and racial and ethnic background. While a few cancers are certainly preventable but this does not hold true for colon cancer as it is often detected in its advanced stage and generally not diagnosed until symptoms become apparent. Despite the fact that several options are available for treating this cancer through surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, immunotherapy, and nutritional-supplement therapy, but the success rates are not very encouraging when used alone where secondary complications appear in almost all these therapies. To maximize the therapeutic-effects in patients, combinatorial approaches are essential. In this review we have discussed the therapies previously and currently available to patients diagnosed with colorectal-cancer, focus on some recent developments in basic research that has shaded lights on new therapeutic-concepts utilizing macrophages/dendritic cells, natural killer cells, gene delivery, siRNA-, and microRNA-technology, and specific-targeting of tyrosine kinases that are either mutated or over-expressed in the cancerous cell to treat these cancer. Potential strategies are discussed where these concepts could be applied to the existing therapies under a comprehensive approach to enhance the therapeutic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayshree Mishra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Kingsville, TX 78363, USA
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Fathabadi EG, Shelling AN, Al-Kassas R. Nanocarrier systems for delivery of siRNA to ovarian cancer tissues. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2012; 9:743-54. [DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2012.683173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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25
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Lee J, Yun KS, Choi CS, Shin SH, Ban HS, Rhim T, Lee SK, Lee KY. T cell-specific siRNA delivery using antibody-conjugated chitosan nanoparticles. Bioconjug Chem 2012; 23:1174-80. [PMID: 22607555 DOI: 10.1021/bc2006219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The intracellular delivery of small interfering RNA (siRNA) plays a key role in RNA interference (RNAi) and provides an emerging technique to treat various diseases, including infectious diseases. Chitosan has frequently been used in gene delivery applications, including siRNA delivery. However, studies regarding the modification of chitosan with antibodies specifically targeting T cells are lacking. We hypothesized that chitosan nanoparticles modified with T cell-specific antibodies would be useful for delivering siRNA to T cells. CD7-specific single-chain antibody (scFvCD7) was chemically conjugated to chitosan by carbodiimide chemistry, and nanoparticles were prepared by a complex coacervation method in the presence of siRNA. The mean diameter and zeta potential of the scFvCD7-chitosan/siRNA nanoparticles were approximately 320 nm and +17 mV, respectively, and were not significantly influenced by the coupling of antibody to chitosan. The cellular association of antibody-conjugated nanoparticles to CD4+ T cell lines as well as gene silencing efficiency in the cells was significantly improved compared to nonmodified chitosan nanoparticles. This approach to introducing T cell-specific antibody to chitosan nanoparticles may find useful applications for the treatment of various infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jangwook Lee
- Department of Bioengineering and Institute for Bioengineering and Biopharmaceutical Research, Hanyang University , Seoul 133-791, Republic of Korea
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RNA-Cleaving DNA Enzymes and Their Potential Therapeutic Applications as Antibacterial and Antiviral Agents. FROM NUCLEIC ACIDS SEQUENCES TO MOLECULAR MEDICINE 2012. [PMCID: PMC7119987 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-27426-8_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
DNA catalysts are synthetic single-stranded DNA molecules that have been identified by in vitro selection from random sequence DNA pools. The most prominent representatives of DNA catalysts (also known as DNA enzymes, deoxyribozymes, or DNAzymes) catalyze the site-specific cleavage of RNA substrates. Two distinct groups of RNA-cleaving DNA enzymes are the 10-23 and 8-17 enzymes. A typical RNA-cleaving DNA enzyme consists of a catalytic core and two short binding arms which form Watson–Crick base pairs with the RNA targets. RNA cleavage is usually achieved with the assistance of metal ions such as Mg2+, Ca2+, Mn2+, Pb2+, or Zn2+, but several chemically modified DNA enzymes can cleave RNA in the absence of divalent metal ions. A number of studies have shown the use of 10-23 DNA enzymes for modest downregulation of therapeutically relevant RNA targets in cultured cells and in whole mammals. Here we focus on mechanistic aspects of RNA-cleaving DNA enzymes and their potential to silence therapeutically appealing viral and bacterial gene targets. We also discuss delivery options and challenges involved in DNA enzyme-based therapeutic strategies.
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Kobiasi MA, Chua BY, Tonkin D, Jackson DC, Mainwaring DE. Control of size dispersity of chitosan biopolymer microparticles and nanoparticles to influence vaccine trafficking and cell uptake. J Biomed Mater Res A 2012; 100:1859-67. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.34153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2011] [Revised: 01/19/2012] [Accepted: 02/21/2012] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Introduction to the Analysis and Risk of Nanomaterials in Environmental and Food Samples. COMPREHENSIVE ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-56328-6.00001-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Chitin hydrolysate stimulates VEGF-C synthesis by MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Cell Biol Int 2011; 35:281-6. [PMID: 21029043 DOI: 10.1042/cbi20090512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Up-regulation of VEGF-C (vascular endothelial growth factor C), a most potent lymphangiogenic factor, is associated with inflammation and cancer metastasis. Identification of stimuli contributing to these processes is a challenging task. I demonstrate in this paper that chitin hydrolysate served as a strong inducer of VEGF-C synthesis by human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells, increasing the secretion of VEGF-C to the cell culture medium as much as by 10-fold in comparison with the basal production. A moderate increase of VEGF-C secretion was also observed in the presence of hypertonic doses of NaCl, which mimicked the matrix of chitin hydrolysate stock solution, and in the presence of chitin-binding lectin, WGA (wheat germ agglutinin). WGA, but not chitin hydrolysate, significantly affected the morphology of cells, which become smaller and rounded as assessed by viewing the actin cytoskeleton. Moreover, chitin hydrolysate inhibited the lectin effect on the cytoskeleton and sustained the overproduction of VEGF-C indicating that WGA-independent receptors were responsible for chitin-mediated stimulation of VEGF-C synthesis. These results suggest a novel function of chitin-derived oligosaccharides as VEGF-C stimuli.
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION The field of RNA interference technology has been researched extensively in recent years. However, the development of clinically suitable, safe and effective drug delivery vehicles is still required. AREAS COVERED This paper reviews the recent advances of non-viral delivery of small interfering RNA (siRNA) by nanoparticles, including biodegradable nanoparticles, liposomes, polyplex, lipoplex and dendrimers. The characteristics, composition, preparation, applications and advantages of different nanoparticle delivery strategies are also discussed in detail, along with the recent progress of non-viral nanoparticle carrier systems for siRNA delivery in preclinical and clinical studies. EXPERT OPINION Non-viral carrier systems, especially nanoparticles, have been investigated extensively for siRNA delivery, and may be utilized in clinical applications in the future. So far, a few preliminary clinical trials of nanoparticles have produced promising results. However, further research is still required to pave the way to successful clinical applications. The most important issues that need to be focused on include encapsulation efficiency, formulation stability of siRNA, degradation in circulation, endosomal escape and delivery efficiency, targeting, toxicity and off-target effects. Pharmacology and pharmacokinetic studies also present another great challenge for nanoparticle delivery systems, owing to the unique nature of siRNA oligonucleotides compared with small molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xudong Yuan
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Arnold & Marie Schwartz College of Pharmacy, Long Island University, 75 DeKalb Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11201-5497, USA.
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Farré M, Sanchís J, Barceló D. Analysis and assessment of the occurrence, the fate and the behavior of nanomaterials in the environment. Trends Analyt Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2010.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Bracamonte MV, Bollo S, Labbé P, Rivas GA, Ferreyra NF. Quaternized chitosan as support for the assembly of gold nanoparticles and glucose oxidase: Physicochemical characterization of the platform and evaluation of its biocatalytic activity. Electrochim Acta 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2010.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Arami H, Stephen Z, Veiseh O, Zhang M. Chitosan-Coated Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Molecular Imaging and Drug Delivery. ADVANCES IN POLYMER SCIENCE 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/12_2011_121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Dubey PK, Singodia D, Verma RK, Vyas SP. RGD modified albumin nanospheres for tumour vasculature targeting. J Pharm Pharmacol 2010; 63:33-40. [DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-7158.2010.01180.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
Cyclic arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) peptide-anchored sterically stabilized albumin nanospheres (RGD-SN) have been investigated for the selective and preferential presentation of carrier contents at angiogenic endothelial cells overexpressing avb3 integrins on and around tumour tissue. Their targetabilty was assessed.
Methods
Albumin nanospheres were formulated, conjugated with RGD/RAD peptide and characterized on the basis of size and size distribution. The control Arginine-Alanine-Aspartic acid (RAD) peptide-anchored sterically stabilized nanospheres (RAD-SN) and nanosphere with 5 mol% PEG (SN) without peptide conjugate were used for comparison with RGD-SN for in vitro cell binding, in vivo organ distribution and tumor angiogenesis studies.
Key findings
The average size of all nanospheres prepared was approximately 100 nm and maximum drug entrapment was 67.2 ± 5.2%. In-vitro endothelial cell binding of nanospheres exhibited 8-fold higher binding of RGD-SN to human umbilical vein endothelial cells in comparison with the SN and RAD-SN. RGD peptide-anchored nanospheres were significantly (P ≤ 0.01) effective in the prevention of lung metastasis, angiogenesis and in effective regression of tumours compared with free fluorouracil, SN and RAD-SN. Results indicated that cyclic RGD peptide-anchored sterically stabilized nanospheres bearing fluorouracil were significantly (P ≤ 0.01) active against primary tumour and metastasis than the nontargeted sterically stabilized nanospheres and free drug.
Conclusions
Cyclic RGD peptide-anchored sterically stabilized nanospheres appears promising for targeted cancer chemotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praveen K Dubey
- Novel Drug Delivery Systems Laboratory, Strides Arcolab Limited, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Deepak Singodia
- Pharmaceutics Division, Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Lucknow, India
| | - Rahul K Verma
- Pharmaceutics Division, Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Lucknow, India
| | - Suresh P Vyas
- Drug Delivery Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr Harisingh Gour University, Sagar, India
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Tan ML, Dunstan DE, Friedhuber AM, Choong PF, Dass CR. A nanoparticulate system that enhances the efficacy of the tumoricide Dz13 when administered proximal to the lesion site. J Control Release 2010; 144:196-202. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2010.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2009] [Revised: 01/06/2010] [Accepted: 01/07/2010] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Supaprutsakul S, Chotigeat W, Wanichpakorn S, Kedjarune-Leggat U. Transfection efficiency of depolymerized chitosan and epidermal growth factor conjugated to chitosan-DNA polyplexes. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2010; 21:1553-1561. [PMID: 20101442 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-010-3993-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2009] [Accepted: 01/08/2010] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
An efficient non-viral gene delivery for varieties of cells has been considered essential for gene therapy and tissue engineering. This study evaluated transfection efficiency of chitosan (HW) with molecular weights (Mw) at 470 and degree of deacetylation (DDA) 80% and its depolymerization product (LW) with Mw at 16 kDa and DDA 54%, as well as epidermal growth factor (EGF) conjugated to chitosan-DNA microparticles of both HW and LW by using either disulfide linkage or NHS-PEO(4)-Maleimide as a cross linker. The results revealed that the depolymerized LW at chitosan/DNA charge ratio 56:1 and pH 6.9 gave high transfection efficiency in both KB, a cancer cell line, and fibroblast cells at about the same level of Lipofectamine, but the EGF-conjugated chitosan-DNA polyplexes from these methods did not improve transfection efficiency, which may come from the aggregation and fusing of the complexes as shown in scanning electron microscopy. However, this depolymerized LW chitosan showed the potential for further development as a safe and cost-effective non-viral gene delivery vehicle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sasamon Supaprutsakul
- Center of Genomics and Bioinformatics Research, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
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Dass CR, Tan ML, Galloway SJ, Choong PF. Dz13 Induces a Cytotoxic Stress Response with Upregulation of E2F1 in Tumor Cells Metastasizing to or from Bone. Oligonucleotides 2010; 20:79-91. [DOI: 10.1089/oli.2009.0224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Crispin R. Dass
- Department of Orthopaedics, St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Australia
| | - Mei Lin Tan
- Department of Orthopaedics, St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Australia
- Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Stuart J. Galloway
- Department of Pathology, St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Australia
| | - Peter F.M. Choong
- Department of Orthopaedics, St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Australia
- Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
- Sarcoma Service, Peter MacCallum Cancer Institute, East Melbourne, Australia
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Muzzarelli RAA. Chitins and chitosans as immunoadjuvants and non-allergenic drug carriers. Mar Drugs 2010; 8:292-312. [PMID: 20390107 PMCID: PMC2852840 DOI: 10.3390/md8020292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 309] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2010] [Accepted: 02/20/2010] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the fact that some individuals are allergic to crustaceans, the presumed relationship between allergy and the presence of chitin in crustaceans has been investigated. In vivo, chitin is part of complex structures with other organic and inorganic compounds: in arthropods chitin is covalently linked to proteins and tanned by quinones, in fungi it is covalently linked to glucans, while in bacteria chitin is diversely combined according to Gram(+/-) classification. On the other hand, isolated, purified chitin is a plain polysaccharide that, at the nano level, presents itself as a highly associated structure, recently refined in terms of regularity, nature of bonds, crystallinity degree and unusual colloidal behavior. Chitins and modified chitins exert a number of beneficial actions, i.e., (i) they stimulate macrophages by interacting with receptors on the macrophage surface that mediate the internalization of chitin particles to be degraded by lysozyme and N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase (such as Nod-like, Toll-like, lectin, Dectin-1, leukotriene 134 and mannose receptors); (ii) the macrophages produce cytokines and other compounds that confer non-specific host resistance against bacterial and viral infections, and anti-tumor activity; (iii) chitin is a strong Th1 adjuvant that up-regulates Th1 immunity induced by heat-killed Mycobacterium bovis, while down- regulating Th2 immunity induced by mycobacterial protein; (iv) direct intranasal application of chitin microparticles into the lung was also able to significantly down-regulate allergic response to Dermatophagoids pteronyssinus and Aspergillus fumigatus in a murine model of allergy; (v) chitin microparticles had a beneficial effect in preventing and treating histopathologic changes in the airways of asthmatic mice; (vi) authors support the fact that chitin depresses the development of adaptive type 2 allergic responses. Since the expression of chitinases, chitrotriosidase and chitinase-like proteins is greatly amplified during many infections and diseases, the common feature of chitinase-like proteins and chitinase activity in all organisms appears to be the biochemical defense of the host. Unfortunately, conceptual and methodological errors are present in certain recent articles dealing with chitin and allergy, i.e., (1) omitted consideration of mammalian chitinase and/or chitotriosidase secretion, accompanied by inactive chitinase-like proteins, as an ancestral defensive means against invasion, capable to prevent the insurgence of allergy; (2) omitted consideration of the fact that the mammalian organism recognizes more promptly the secreted water soluble chitinase produced by a pathogen, rather than the insoluble and well protected chitin within the pathogen itself; (3) superficial and incomplete reports and investigations on chitin as an allergen, without mentioning the potent allergen from crustacean flesh, tropomyosine; (4) limited perception of the importance of the chemical/biochemical characteristics of the isolated chitin or chitosan for the replication of experiments and optimization of results; and (5) lack of interdisciplinarity. There is quite a large body of knowledge today on the use of chitosans as biomaterials, and more specifically as drug carriers for a variety of applications: the delivery routes being the same as those adopted for the immunological studies. Said articles, that devote attention to the safety and biocompatibility aspects, never reported intolerance or allergy in individuals and animals, even when the quantities of chitosan used in single experiments were quite large. Therefore, it is concluded that crab, shrimp, prawn and lobster chitins, as well as chitosans of all grades, once purified, should not be considered as "crustacean derivatives", because the isolation procedures have removed proteins, fats and other contaminants to such an extent as to allow them to be classified as chemicals regardless of their origin.
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Hughes DPM. Strategies for the targeted delivery of therapeutics for osteosarcoma. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2010; 6:1311-21. [PMID: 19761419 DOI: 10.1517/17425240903280422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Conventional therapy for osteosarcoma has reached a plateau of 60 - 70%, a 5-year survival rate that has changed little in two decades, highlighting the need for new approaches. OBJECTIVE To review the alternative means of delivering effective therapy for osteosarcoma that reach beyond the central venous catheter. METHODS Drawing on the author's own experiences providing care to high-risk osteosarcoma patients and reviewing the last two decades of literature describing sarcoma therapy, available information is summarized about potential osteosarcoma treatments that deliver therapy by a less conventional route. RESULTS/CONCLUSIONS Intra-arterial chemotherapy has a limited impact on survival, but may help to achieve a better limb salvage. Intrapleural chemotherapy is important for managing malignant effusions. The development of inhalation therapies, treatments that target new bone formation such as bisphosphonates, chemically targeted radiation and antibody-based therapies all have potential to improve osteosarcoma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis P M Hughes
- The Children's Cancer Hospital at MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Unit 853, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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