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Lewis F, Shoieb D, Azmoun S, Colicino E, Jin Y, Chi J, Gu H, Placidi D, Padovani A, Pilotto A, Pepe F, Turla M, Crippa P, Wang X, Lucchini RG. Metabolomic and Lipidomic Analysis of Manganese-Associated Parkinsonism: a Case-Control Study in Brescia, Italy. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.09.04.24313002. [PMID: 39281765 PMCID: PMC11398432 DOI: 10.1101/2024.09.04.24313002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/18/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives Excessive Manganese (Mn) exposure is neurotoxic and can cause Mn-Induced Parkinsonism (MnIP), marked by cognitive and motor dysfunction. Although metabolomic and lipidomic research in Parkinsonism (PD) patients exists, it remains limited. This study hypothesizes distinct metabolomic and lipidomic profiles based on exposure status, disease diagnosis, and their interaction. Methods We used a case-control design with a 2×2 factorial framework to investigate the metabolomic and lipidomic alterations associated with Mn exposure and their link to PD. The study population of 97 individuals was divided into four groups: non-exposed controls (n=23), exposed controls (n=25), non-exposed with PD (n=26) and exposed with PD (n=23). Cases, defined by at least two cardinal PD features (excluding vascular, iatrogenic, and traumatic origins), were recruited from movement disorder clinics in four hospitals in Brescia, Northern Italy. Controls, free from neurological or psychiatric conditions, were selected from the same hospitals. Exposed subjects resided in metallurgic regions (Val Camonica and Bagnolo Mella) for at least 8 continuous years, while non-exposed subjects lived in low-exposure areas around Lake Garda and Brescia city. We conducted untargeted analyses of metabolites and lipids in whole blood samples using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) and mass spectrometry (MS), followed by statistical analyses including Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Partial Least Squares-Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA), and Two-Way Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA). Results Metabolomic analysis revealed modulation of alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism (Impact=0.05, p=0.001) associated with disease effect; butanoate metabolism (Impact=0.03, p=0.004) with the exposure effect; and vitamin B6 metabolism (Impact=0.08, p=0.03) with the interaction effect. Differential relative abundances in 3-sulfoxy-L-Tyrosine (β=1.12, FDR p<0.001), glycocholic acid (β=0.48, FDR p=0.03), and palmitelaidic acid (β=0.30, FDR p<0.001) were linked to disease, exposure, and interaction effects, respectively. In the lipidome, ferroptosis (Pathway Lipids=11, FDR p=0.03) associated with the disease effect and sphingolipid signaling (Pathway Lipids=9, FDR p=0.04) associated with the interaction effect were significantly altered. Lipid classes triacylglycerols, ceramides, and phosphatidylethanolamines showed differential relative abundances associated with disease, exposure, and interaction effects, respectively. Discussion These findings suggest that PD and Mn exposure induce unique metabolomic and lipidomic changes, potentially serving as biomarkers for MnIP and warranting further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Freeman Lewis
- Environmental Health Sciences, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St, Miami, 33199, Florida, USA
| | - Daniel Shoieb
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, Brescia, 25123, Italy
| | - Somaiyeh Azmoun
- Environmental Health Sciences, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St, Miami, 33199, Florida, USA
| | - Elena Colicino
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Climate Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 17 E 102nd St, New York, 10029, New York, USA
| | - Yan Jin
- Environmental Health Sciences, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St, Miami, 33199, Florida, USA
| | - Jinhua Chi
- Environmental Health Sciences, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St, Miami, 33199, Florida, USA
| | - Haiwei Gu
- Environmental Health Sciences, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St, Miami, 33199, Florida, USA
| | - Donatella Placidi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, Brescia, 25123, Italy
| | - Alessandro Padovani
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, Brescia, 25123, Italy and Department of continuity of care and frailty, Neurology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili Hospital, Brescia, Italy
| | - Andrea Pilotto
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, Brescia, 25123, Italy and Department of continuity of care and frailty, Neurology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili Hospital, Brescia, Italy
| | - Fulvio Pepe
- Clinic of Neurology, Poliambulanza Foundation, Brescia, Italy
| | - Marinella Turla
- Clinic of Neurology, Esine Hospital of Valcamonica, Brescia, Italy
| | | | - Xuexia Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St, Miami, 33199, Florida, USA
| | - Roberto G Lucchini
- Environmental Health Sciences, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St, Miami, 33199, Florida, USA
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neurosciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Universitá, 4, Modena, 610101, Italy
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Pal A, Grossmann D, Glaß H, Zimyanin V, Günther R, Catinozzi M, Boeckers TM, Sterneckert J, Storkebaum E, Petri S, Wegner F, Grill SW, Pan-Montojo F, Hermann A. Glycolic acid and D-lactate-putative products of DJ-1-restore neurodegeneration in FUS - and SOD1-ALS. Life Sci Alliance 2024; 7:e202302535. [PMID: 38760174 PMCID: PMC11101837 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202302535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) leads to death within 2-5 yr. Currently, available drugs only slightly prolong survival. We present novel insights into the pathophysiology of Superoxide Dismutase 1 (SOD1)- and in particular Fused In Sarcoma (FUS)-ALS by revealing a supposedly central role of glycolic acid (GA) and D-lactic acid (DL)-both putative products of the Parkinson's disease associated glyoxylase DJ-1. Combined, not single, treatment with GA/DL restored axonal organelle phenotypes of mitochondria and lysosomes in FUS- and SOD1-ALS patient-derived motoneurons (MNs). This was not only accompanied by restoration of mitochondrial membrane potential but even dependent on it. Despite presenting an axonal transport deficiency as well, TDP43 patient-derived MNs did not share mitochondrial depolarization and did not respond to GA/DL treatment. GA and DL also restored cytoplasmic mislocalization of FUS and FUS recruitment to DNA damage sites, recently reported being upstream of the mitochondrial phenotypes in FUS-ALS. Whereas these data point towards the necessity of individualized (gene-) specific therapy stratification, it also suggests common therapeutic targets across different neurodegenerative diseases characterized by mitochondrial depolarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Pal
- Division for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neurology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Dresden High Magnetic Field Laboratory (HLD-EMFL), Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
| | - Dajana Grossmann
- Translational Neurodegeneration Section "Albrecht Kossel", Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Rostock, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Hannes Glaß
- Translational Neurodegeneration Section "Albrecht Kossel", Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Rostock, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Vitaly Zimyanin
- Division for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neurology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- https://ror.org/0153tk833 Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia, School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- https://ror.org/0153tk833 Center for Membrane and Cell Physiology, University of Virginia, School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - René Günther
- Division for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neurology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Dresden, Germany
| | - Marica Catinozzi
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour and Faculty of Science, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Tobias M Boeckers
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Ulm University, as well as Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen, Ulm, Germany
| | - Jared Sterneckert
- Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden as well as Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus of TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Erik Storkebaum
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour and Faculty of Science, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Susanne Petri
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Florian Wegner
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Stephan W Grill
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence Physics of Life, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Francisco Pan-Montojo
- Department of Psychiatrie and Psychotherapy, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas Hermann
- Translational Neurodegeneration Section "Albrecht Kossel", Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Rostock, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE) Rostock/Greifswald, Rostock, Germany
- Center for Transdisciplinary Neurosciences Rostock (CTNR), University Medical Center Rostock, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
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Susarla G, Kataria P, Kundu A, D'Silva P. Saccharomyces cerevisiae DJ-1 paralogs maintain genome integrity through glycation repair of nucleic acids and proteins. eLife 2023; 12:e88875. [PMID: 37548361 PMCID: PMC10431920 DOI: 10.7554/elife.88875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive carbonyl species (RCS) such as methylglyoxal and glyoxal are potent glycolytic intermediates that extensively damage cellular biomolecules leading to genetic aberration and protein misfolding. Hence, RCS levels are crucial indicators in the progression of various pathological diseases. Besides the glyoxalase system, emerging studies report highly conserved DJ-1 superfamily proteins as critical regulators of RCS. DJ-1 superfamily proteins, including the human DJ-1, a genetic determinant of Parkinson's disease, possess diverse physiological functions paramount for combating multiple stressors. Although S. cerevisiae retains four DJ-1 orthologs (Hsp31, Hsp32, Hsp33, and Hsp34), their physiological relevance and collective requirement remain obscure. Here, we report for the first time that the yeast DJ-1 orthologs function as novel enzymes involved in the preferential scavenge of glyoxal and methylglyoxal, toxic metabolites, and genotoxic agents. Their collective loss stimulates chronic glycation of the proteome, and nucleic acids, inducing spectrum of genetic mutations and reduced mRNA translational efficiency. Furthermore, the Hsp31 paralogs efficiently repair severely glycated macromolecules derived from carbonyl modifications. Also, their absence elevates DNA damage response, making cells vulnerable to various genotoxins. Interestingly, yeast DJ-1 orthologs preserve functional mitochondrial content, maintain ATP levels, and redistribute into mitochondria to alleviate the glycation damage of macromolecules. Together, our study uncovers a novel glycation repair pathway in S. cerevisiae and a possible neuroprotective mechanism of how hDJ-1 confers mitochondrial health during glycation toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gautam Susarla
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of ScienceBangaloreIndia
| | - Priyanka Kataria
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of ScienceBangaloreIndia
| | - Amrita Kundu
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of ScienceBangaloreIndia
| | - Patrick D'Silva
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of ScienceBangaloreIndia
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Zaderer V, Dichtl S, Posch W, Abiatari I, Bonn GK, Jakschitz T, Huber LA, Kurzchalia TV, Wilflingseder D. GlyPerA™ effectively shields airway epithelia from SARS-CoV-2 infection and inflammatory events. Respir Res 2023; 24:88. [PMID: 36949547 PMCID: PMC10032620 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-023-02397-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023] Open
Abstract
New SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) and waning immunity illustrate that quick and easy-to-use agents are needed to prevent infection. To protect from viral transmission and subsequent inflammatory reactions, we applied GlyperA™, a novel antimicrobial formulation that can be used as mouth gargling solution or as nasal spray, to highly differentiated human airway epithelia prior infection with Omicron VOCs BA.1 and BA.2. This formulation fully protected polarized human epithelium cultured in air-liquid interphase (ALI) from SARS-CoV-2-mediated tissue destruction and infection upon single application up to two days post infection. Moreover, inflammatory reactions induced by the Omicron VOCs were significantly lowered in tissue equivalents either pre-treated with the GlyperA™ solution, or even when added simultaneously. Thus, the GlyperA™ formulation significantly shielded epithelial integrity, successfully blocked infection with Omicron and release of viral particles, and decreased intracellular complement C3 activation within human airway epithelial cell cultures. Crucially, our in vitro data imply that GlyperA™ may be a simple tool to prevent from SARS-CoV-2 infection independent on the circulating variant via both, mouth and nose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktoria Zaderer
- Institute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Schöpfstrasse 41/R311, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Stefanie Dichtl
- Institute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Schöpfstrasse 41/R311, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Wilfried Posch
- Institute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Schöpfstrasse 41/R311, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ivane Abiatari
- School of Natural Sciences and Medicine Tbilisi, Ilia State University, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Günther K Bonn
- Austrian Drug Screening Institute (ADSI), Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Lukas A Huber
- Austrian Drug Screening Institute (ADSI), Innsbruck, Austria
- Institute of Cell Biology, Biocenter Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Doris Wilflingseder
- Institute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Schöpfstrasse 41/R311, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
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Samir M, Abdelkader RM, Boushehri MS, Mansour S, Lamprecht A, Tammam SN. Enhancement of mitochondrial function using NO releasing nanoparticles; a potential approach for therapy of Alzheimer's disease. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2023; 184:16-24. [PMID: 36640916 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2023.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia. Increasing evidence is showing the important role of mitochondrial dysfunction in AD. Mitochondria based oxidative stress, decrease in respiratory chain activity and ATP production are all associated with AD, hence indicating that the enhancement of mitochondrial function and biogenesis present a promising therapeutic approach for AD. Nitric oxide (NO) is an initiator of mitochondrial biogenesis. However, its gaseous nature and very short half-life limit the realization of its therapeutic potential. Additionally, its uncontrolled in-vivo distribution results in generalized vasodilation, hypotension among other off-target effects. Diazeniumdiolates (NONOates) are NO donors that release NO in physiological temperature and pH. Their encapsulation within a hydrophobic matrix carrier system could control the release of NO, and at the same time enable its delivery to the brain. In this work, PAPANONOate (PN) a NO donor was encapsulated in small (92 ± 7 nm) poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) NPs. These NPs did not induce hemolysis upon intravenous administration and were able to accumulate in the brains of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) induced neurodegeneration mouse models. The encapsulation of PN within a hydrophobic PLGA matrix enabled the sustained release of NO from NPs (≈ 3 folds slower relative to free PN) and successfully delivered PN to brain. As a result, PN-NPs but not free PN resulted in an enhancement in memory and cognition in animals with neurodegeneration as determined by the Y-maze test. The enhancement in cognition was a result of increased mitochondria function as indicated by the increased production of ATP and Cytochrome C oxidase enzyme activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirna Samir
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, German University in Cairo (GUC), Egypt
| | - Reham M Abdelkader
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and German University in Cairo (GUC), Egypt
| | - Maryam Shetab Boushehri
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Egypt
| | - Samar Mansour
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, German University in Cairo (GUC), Egypt; Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Egypt
| | - Alf Lamprecht
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bonn, Germany; Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Engineering (EA4267), University of Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Salma N Tammam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, German University in Cairo (GUC), Egypt.
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Müller T. Perspective: Is a Closer Interaction between Experimental and Clinical Research Paradigms in Chronic Neurodegeneration, Such as Parkinson's Disease, Necessary Again? Cells 2022; 12:cells12010157. [PMID: 36611955 PMCID: PMC9818841 DOI: 10.3390/cells12010157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This editorial discusses the current standstill in research in Parkinson's disease from a clinician's point of view [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Müller
- Department of Neurology, St. Joseph Hospital Berlin-Weissensee, Gartenstr. 1, 13088 Berlin, Germany
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Zhang K, Liu P, Yuan L, Geng Z, Li B, Zhang B. Neuroprotective effects of TRPV1 by targeting GDF11 in the Mpp+/MPTP-induced Parkinson's disease model. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 623:104-110. [PMID: 35921703 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.07.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Lanznaster D, Dingeo G, Samey RA, Emond P, Blasco H. Metabolomics as a Crucial Tool to Develop New Therapeutic Strategies for Neurodegenerative Diseases. Metabolites 2022; 12:864. [PMID: 36144268 PMCID: PMC9503806 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12090864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), such as Alzheimer's (AD), Parkinson's (PD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), share common pathological mechanisms, including metabolism alterations. However, their specific neuronal cell types affected and molecular biomarkers suggest that there are both common and specific alterations regarding metabolite levels. In this review, we were interested in identifying metabolite alterations that have been reported in preclinical models of NDs and that have also been documented as altered in NDs patients. Such alterations could represent interesting targets for the development of targeted therapy. Importantly, the translation of such findings from preclinical to clinical studies is primordial for the study of possible therapeutic agents. We found that N-acetyl-aspartate (NAA), myo-inositol, and glutamate are commonly altered in the three NDs investigated here. We also found other metabolites commonly altered in both AD and PD. In this review, we discuss the studies reporting such alterations and the possible pathological mechanism underlying them. Finally, we discuss clinical trials that have attempted to develop treatments targeting such alterations. We conclude that the treatment combination of both common and differential alterations would increase the chances of patients having access to efficient treatments for each ND.
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Frandsen J, Narayanasamy P. Effect of Cannabidiol on the Neural Glyoxalase Pathway Function and Longevity of Several C. elegans Strains Including a C. elegans Alzheimer's Disease Model. ACS Chem Neurosci 2022; 13:1165-1177. [PMID: 35385645 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.1c00667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cannabidiol is a nonpsychoactive phytocannabinoid produced by the Cannabis sativa plant and possesses a wide range of pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective activities. Cannabidiol functions in a neuroprotective manner, in part through the activation of cellular antioxidant pathways. The glyoxalase pathway detoxifies methylglyoxal, a highly reactive metabolic byproduct that can accumulate in the brain, and contributes to the severity of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease. While cannabidiol's antioxidant properties have been investigated, it is currently unknown how it may modulate the glyoxalase pathway. In this research paper, we examine the effects of Cannabidiol on cerebellar neurons and in several Caenorhabditis elegans strains. We determined that a limited amount of Cannabidiol can prevent methylglyoxal-mediated cellular damage through enhancement of the neural glyoxalase pathway and extend the lifespan and survival of C. elegans, including a transgenic C. elegans strain modeling Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel Frandsen
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Prabagaran Narayanasamy
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
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Alhujaily M, Mir MM, Mir R, Alghamdi MAA, Wani JI, Sabah ZU, Elfaki I, Alnour TMS, Jeelani M, Abomughaid MM, Alharbi SA. Clinical Implications of Glyoxalase1 Gene Polymorphism and Elevated Levels of the Reactive Metabolite Methylglyoxal in the Susceptibility of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in the Patients from Asir and Tabuk Regions of Saudi Arabia. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12040639. [PMID: 35455754 PMCID: PMC9030104 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12040639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus constitutes a big challenge to the global health care system due to its socioeconomic impacts and very serious complications. The incidence and the prevalence rate are increased in the Gulf region including the KSA. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is caused by diverse risk factors including obesity, unhealthy dietary habits, physical inactivity, smoking and genetic factors. The molecular genetic studies have helped in the detection of many single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) with different diseases including cancers, cardiovascular diseases and T2DM. The glyoxalase 1 (GLO1) is a detoxifying enzyme and catalyzes the elimination of the cytotoxic product methylglyoxal (MG) by converting it to D-lactate, which is not toxic to tissues. MG accumulation is associated with the pathogenesis of different diseases including T2DM. In this study, we have investigated the association of the glyoxalase 1 SNPs (rs2736654) rs4746 C>A and rs1130534 T>A with T2DM using the amplification refractory mutation system PCR. We also measured the concentration of MG by ELISA in T2DM patients and matched heathy controls. Results show that the CA genotype of the GLO rs4647 A>C was associated with T2DM with OR = 2.57, p-value 0.0008 and the C allele was also associated with increased risk to T2DM with OR = 2.24, p-value = 0.0001. It was also observed that AT genotype of the rs1130534 was associated with decreased susceptibility to T2DM with OR = 0.3, p-value = 0.02. The A allele of rs1130534 was also associated with reduced risk to T2DM with PR = 0.27 = 0.006. In addition, our ELISA results demonstrate significantly increased MG concentrations in serum of the T2DM patients. We conclude that the GLO1 SNP may be associated with decreased enzyme activity and a resultant susceptibility to T2DM. Further well-designed studies in different and large patient populations are recommended to verify these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhanad Alhujaily
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.); (M.M.A.)
| | - Mohammad Muzaffar Mir
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia;
- Correspondence:
| | - Rashid Mir
- Prince Fahd Bin Sultan Research Chair, Department of MLT, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia; (R.M.); (T.M.S.A.)
| | | | - Javed Iqbal Wani
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia; (J.I.W.); (Z.u.S.)
| | - Zia ul Sabah
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia; (J.I.W.); (Z.u.S.)
| | - Imadeldin Elfaki
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Tarig Mohammad Saad Alnour
- Prince Fahd Bin Sultan Research Chair, Department of MLT, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia; (R.M.); (T.M.S.A.)
| | - Mohammed Jeelani
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mosleh Mohammad Abomughaid
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.); (M.M.A.)
| | - Samir Abdulkarim Alharbi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Shaqra 11961, Saudi Arabia;
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Colombaioni L, Campanella B, Nieri R, Onor M, Benedetti E, Bramanti E. Time-dependent influence of high glucose environment on the metabolism of neuronal immortalized cells. Anal Biochem 2022; 645:114607. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2022.114607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Chovsepian A, Berchtold D, Winek K, Mamrak U, Ramírez Álvarez I, Dening Y, Golubczyk D, Weitbrecht L, Dames C, Aillery M, Fernandez‐Sanz C, Gajewski Z, Dieterich M, Janowski M, Falkai P, Walczak P, Plesnila N, Meisel A, Pan‐Montojo F. A Primeval Mechanism of Tolerance to Desiccation Based on Glycolic Acid Saves Neurons in Mammals from Ischemia by Reducing Intracellular Calcium-Mediated Excitotoxicity. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2103265. [PMID: 34904402 PMCID: PMC8811841 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202103265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Stroke is the second leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Current treatments, such as pharmacological thrombolysis or mechanical thrombectomy, reopen occluded arteries but do not protect against ischemia-induced damage that occurs before reperfusion or neuronal damage induced by ischemia/reperfusion. It has been shown that disrupting the conversion of glyoxal to glycolic acid (GA) results in a decreased tolerance to anhydrobiosis in Caenorhabditis elegans dauer larva and that GA itself can rescue this phenotype. During the process of desiccation/rehydration, a metabolic stop/start similar to the one observed during ischemia/reperfusion occurs. In this study, the protective effect of GA is tested in different ischemia models, i.e., in commonly used stroke models in mice and swine. The results show that GA, given during reperfusion, strongly protects against ischemic damage and improves functional outcome. Evidence that GA exerts its effect by counteracting the glutamate-dependent increase in intracellular calcium during excitotoxicity is provided. These results suggest that GA treatment has the potential to reduce mortality and disability in stroke patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Chovsepian
- Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyLudwig‐Maximilian University HospitalNussbaumstrasse. 780336MunichGermany
| | - Daniel Berchtold
- Department of NeurologyNeuroCure Clinical Research CenterCenter for Stroke ResearchCharité University MedicineCharitéplatz 110117BerlinGermany
| | - Katarzyna Winek
- Department of NeurologyNeuroCure Clinical Research CenterCenter for Stroke ResearchCharité University MedicineCharitéplatz 110117BerlinGermany
- Present address:
Present address: Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain SciencesHebrew University of JerusalemJerusalem9190401Israel
| | - Uta Mamrak
- Laboratory of Experimental Stroke ResearchInstitute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD)University of Munich Medical CenterFeodor‐Lynen‐Strasse 1781377MunichGermany
| | - Inés Ramírez Álvarez
- Department of NeurologyLudwig‐Maximilian University HospitalMarchioninstrasse. 1581377MunichGermany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy)Ludwig‐Maximilian University Munich81377MunichGermany
| | - Yanina Dening
- Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyLudwig‐Maximilian University HospitalNussbaumstrasse. 780336MunichGermany
- Department of NeurologyLudwig‐Maximilian University HospitalMarchioninstrasse. 1581377MunichGermany
| | | | - Luis Weitbrecht
- Department of NeurologyNeuroCure Clinical Research CenterCenter for Stroke ResearchCharité University MedicineCharitéplatz 110117BerlinGermany
| | - Claudia Dames
- Department of NeurologyNeuroCure Clinical Research CenterCenter for Stroke ResearchCharité University MedicineCharitéplatz 110117BerlinGermany
| | - Marine Aillery
- Department of NeurologyNeuroCure Clinical Research CenterCenter for Stroke ResearchCharité University MedicineCharitéplatz 110117BerlinGermany
- Present address:
Present address: SeppicÎle‐de‐FranceLa Garenne‐Colombes92250France
| | - Celia Fernandez‐Sanz
- Department of NeurologyLudwig‐Maximilian University HospitalMarchioninstrasse. 1581377MunichGermany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy)Ludwig‐Maximilian University Munich81377MunichGermany
- Present address:
Present address: Center for Translational MedicineDepartment of MedicineThomas Jefferson UniversityPhiladelphiaPA19107USA
| | - Zdzislaw Gajewski
- Center for Translational MedicineWarsaw University of Life SciencesWarsaw02‐787Poland
| | - Marianne Dieterich
- Department of NeurologyLudwig‐Maximilian University HospitalMarchioninstrasse. 1581377MunichGermany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy)Ludwig‐Maximilian University Munich81377MunichGermany
| | - Miroslaw Janowski
- Program in Image Guided NeurointerventionsDepartment of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear MedicineUniversity of MarylandBaltimoreMD21201USA
| | - Peter Falkai
- Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyLudwig‐Maximilian University HospitalNussbaumstrasse. 780336MunichGermany
| | - Piotr Walczak
- Program in Image Guided NeurointerventionsDepartment of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear MedicineUniversity of MarylandBaltimoreMD21201USA
| | - Nikolaus Plesnila
- Laboratory of Experimental Stroke ResearchInstitute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD)University of Munich Medical CenterFeodor‐Lynen‐Strasse 1781377MunichGermany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy)Ludwig‐Maximilian University Munich81377MunichGermany
| | - Andreas Meisel
- Department of NeurologyNeuroCure Clinical Research CenterCenter for Stroke ResearchCharité University MedicineCharitéplatz 110117BerlinGermany
| | - Francisco Pan‐Montojo
- Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyLudwig‐Maximilian University HospitalNussbaumstrasse. 780336MunichGermany
- Department of NeurologyLudwig‐Maximilian University HospitalMarchioninstrasse. 1581377MunichGermany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy)Ludwig‐Maximilian University Munich81377MunichGermany
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13
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Plasma Metabolite Markers of Parkinson's Disease and Atypical Parkinsonism. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11120860. [PMID: 34940618 PMCID: PMC8706715 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11120860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Differentiating between Parkinson’s disease (PD) and the atypical Parkinsonian disorders of multiple system atrophy (MSA) and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is difficult clinically due to overlapping symptomatology, especially at early disease stages. Consequently, there is a need to identify metabolic markers for these diseases and to develop them into viable biomarkers. In the present investigation, solution nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry metabolomics were used to quantitatively characterize the plasma metabolomes (a total of 167 metabolites) of a cohort of 94 individuals comprising 34 PD, 12 MSA, and 17 PSP patients, as well as 31 control subjects. The distinct and statistically significant differences observed in the metabolite concentrations of the different disease and control groups enabled the identification of potential plasma metabolite markers of each disorder and enabled the differentiation between the disorders. These group-specific differences further implicate disturbances in specific metabolic pathways. The two metabolites, formic acid and succinate, were altered similarly in all three disease groups when compared to the control group, where a reduced level of formic acid suggested an effect on pyruvate metabolism, methane metabolism, and/or the kynurenine pathway, and an increased succinate level suggested an effect on the citric acid cycle and mitochondrial dysfunction.
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14
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Campanella B, Colombaioni L, Nieri R, Benedetti E, Onor M, Bramanti E. Unraveling the Extracellular Metabolism of Immortalized Hippocampal Neurons Under Normal Growth Conditions. Front Chem 2021; 9:621548. [PMID: 33937186 PMCID: PMC8085660 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.621548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolomic profiling of cell lines has shown many potential applications and advantages compared to animal models and human subjects, and an accurate cellular metabolite analysis is critical to understanding both the intracellular and extracellular environments in cell culture. This study provides a fast protocol to investigate in vitro metabolites of immortalized hippocampal neurons HN9.10e with minimal perturbation of the cell system using a targeted approach. HN9.10e neurons represent a reliable model of one of the most vulnerable regions of the central nervous system. Here, the assessment of their extracellular metabolic profile was performed by studying the cell culture medium before and after cell growth under standard conditions. The targeted analysis was performed by a direct, easy, high-throughput reversed-phase liquid chromatography with diode array detector (RP-HPLC-DAD) method and by headspace solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS) for the study of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The analysis of six different batches of cells has allowed to investigate the metabolic reproducibility of neuronal cells and to describe the metabolic "starting" conditions that are mandatory for a well-grounded interpretation of the results of any following cellular treatment. An accurate study of the metabolic profile of the HN9.10e cell line has never been performed before, and it could represent a quality parameter before any other targeting assay or further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Campanella
- National Research Council, Institute of Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (CNR-ICCOM), Pisa, Italy
| | - Laura Colombaioni
- National Research Council, Institute of Neuroscience (CNR-IN), Pisa, Italy
| | - Riccardo Nieri
- National Research Council, Institute of Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (CNR-ICCOM), Pisa, Italy
| | - Edoardo Benedetti
- Hematology Unit, Department of Oncology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Massimo Onor
- National Research Council, Institute of Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (CNR-ICCOM), Pisa, Italy
| | - Emilia Bramanti
- National Research Council, Institute of Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (CNR-ICCOM), Pisa, Italy
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15
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Guo D, Sun J, Tian M, Lin W. Fabrication of a fluorescent probe for reversibly monitoring mitochondrial membrane potential in living cells. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2021; 13:1715-1719. [PMID: 33861238 DOI: 10.1039/d0ay02294b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are important organelles in cells, which play an important role in metabolism and many other vital biological events. Mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) is a significant biological parameter participating in various procedures. However, fluorescent probes for monitoring MMP are rarely reported, which greatly limited the related studies. Herein, we present the rational design, synthesis, and living cell imaging studies of a fluorescent probe REP for monitoring MMP changes based on organic cationic fluorophores. In live cells with high MMP levels, REP can exclusively light up mitochondria with intense fluorescence. Upon the loss of MMP, the emission of intracellular REP evidently decreased. The reversible changes in MMP have been successfully monitored by REP, and the oxidative damages to live cells have been detected with the probe. The probe is expected to serve as a desired tool in studying MMP and related areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingyi Guo
- Institute of Fluorescent Probes for Biological Imaging, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong 250022, P. R. China.
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16
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Diez V, Traikov S, Schmeisser K, Adhikari AKD, Kurzchalia TV. Glycolate combats massive oxidative stress by restoring redox potential in Caenorhabditis elegans. Commun Biol 2021; 4:151. [PMID: 33526793 PMCID: PMC7851149 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-01669-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Upon exposure to excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS), organismal survival depends on the strength of the endogenous antioxidant defense barriers that prevent mitochondrial and cellular deterioration. Previously, we showed that glycolic acid can restore the mitochondrial membrane potential of C. elegans treated with paraquat, an oxidant that produces superoxide and other ROS species, including hydrogen peroxide. Here, we demonstrate that glycolate fully suppresses the deleterious effects of peroxide on mitochondrial activity and growth in worms. This endogenous compound acts by entering serine/glycine metabolism. In this way, conversion of glycolate into glycine and serine ameliorates the drastically decreased NADPH/NADP+ and GSH/GSSG ratios induced by H2O2 treatment. Our results reveal the central role of serine/glycine metabolism as a major provider of reducing equivalents to maintain cellular antioxidant systems and the fundamental function of glycolate as a natural antioxidant that improves cell fitness and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Diez
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany
| | - Sofia Traikov
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany
| | - Kathrin Schmeisser
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany
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17
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He Y, Zhou C, Huang M, Tang C, Liu X, Yue Y, Diao Q, Zheng Z, Liu D. Glyoxalase system: A systematic review of its biological activity, related-diseases, screening methods and small molecule regulators. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 131:110663. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
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18
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Zheng Q, Maksimovic I, Upad A, David Y. Non-enzymatic covalent modifications: a new link between metabolism and epigenetics. Protein Cell 2020; 11:401-416. [PMID: 32356279 PMCID: PMC7251012 DOI: 10.1007/s13238-020-00722-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic modifications, including those on DNA and histones, have been shown to regulate cellular metabolism by controlling expression of enzymes involved in the corresponding metabolic pathways. In turn, metabolic flux influences epigenetic regulation by affecting the biosynthetic balance of enzyme cofactors or donors for certain chromatin modifications. Recently, non-enzymatic covalent modifications (NECMs) by chemically reactive metabolites have been reported to manipulate chromatin architecture and gene transcription through multiple mechanisms. Here, we summarize these recent advances in the identification and characterization of NECMs on nucleic acids, histones, and transcription factors, providing an additional mechanistic link between metabolism and epigenetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingfei Zheng
- Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Igor Maksimovic
- Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
- Tri-Institutional PhD Program in Chemical Biology, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Akhil Upad
- Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Yael David
- Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
- Tri-Institutional PhD Program in Chemical Biology, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Systems Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
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19
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Rebai A, Reçber T, Nemutlu E, Chbili C, Kurbanoglu S, Kir S, Amor SB, Özkan SA, Saguem S. GC-MS Based Metabolic Profiling of Parkinson's Disease with Glutathione S-transferase M1 and T1 Polymorphism in Tunisian Patients. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2020; 23:1041-1048. [PMID: 32342808 DOI: 10.2174/1386207323666200428082815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
AIM AND OBJECTIVE Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease. It is a multifactorial disorder (caused by aging, environmental, and genetic factors). Metabolomics can help explore the biomarker profiles for aging. Recent studies showed an association between the glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) polymorphisms and PD risk. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association of this genetic polymorphism and the metabolomic profile in PD Tunisian patients, in order to identify effective biomarkers in the genetic differentiation. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, the metabolomic profile changes related to GSTs polymorphism were searched in 54 Tunisian PD patients treated with L-dopa, using a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) technique. RESULTS The study results showed that mannose, methyl stearate, and three other unknown metabolites, increased in patients with GSTM1 positive genotype, while glycolic acid, porphine, monomethyl phosphate, fumaric acid, and three other unknown metabolites decreased in patients with GSTM1 positive genotype. Subsequently, the levels of glycolic acid, erythronic acid, lactic acid, citric acid, fructose, stearic acid, 2-amino-2-methyl-1,3-propanediol and three other unknown metabolites increased in patients with GSTM1 positive genotype, while the levels of proline, valine and two unknown metabolites decreased with GSTT1 positive genotype. CONCLUSION All these altered metabolites are related to energy metabolism and it can be concluded that GSTs polymorphism based the shifting in energy metabolism and led to oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal Rebai
- Metabolic Biophysics Laboratory, Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine Sousse, Sousse University, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Tuba Reçber
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Emirhan Nemutlu
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Chahra Chbili
- Metabolic Biophysics Laboratory, Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine Sousse, Sousse University, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Sevinç Kurbanoglu
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sedef Kir
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sana B Amor
- Neurology Department of "Sahloul" University Hospital Center (UHC) - Sousse University, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Sibel A Özkan
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Saad Saguem
- Metabolic Biophysics Laboratory, Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine Sousse, Sousse University, Sousse, Tunisia
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20
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Olshina MA, Arkind G, Kumar Deshmukh F, Fainer I, Taranavsky M, Hayat D, Ben-Dor S, Ben-Nissan G, Sharon M. Regulation of the 20S Proteasome by a Novel Family of Inhibitory Proteins. Antioxid Redox Signal 2020; 32:636-655. [PMID: 31903784 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2019.7816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Aims: The protein degradation machinery plays a critical role in the maintenance of cellular homeostasis, preventing the accumulation of damaged or misfolded proteins and controlling the levels of regulatory proteins. The 20S proteasome degradation machinery, which predominates during oxidative stress, is able to cleave any protein with a partially unfolded region, however, uncontrolled degradation of the myriad of potential substrates is improbable. This study aimed to identify and characterize the regulatory mechanism that controls 20S proteasome-mediated degradation. Results: Using a bioinformatic screen based on known 20S proteasome regulators, we have discovered a novel family of 20S proteasome regulators, named catalytic core regulators (CCRs). These regulators share structural and sequence similarities, and coordinate the function of the 20S proteasome by affecting the degradation of substrates. The CCRs are involved in the oxidative stress response via Nrf2, organizing into a feed-forward loop regulatory circuit, with some members stabilizing Nrf2, others being induced by Nrf2, and all of them inhibiting the 20S proteasome. Innovation and Conclusion: These data uncover a new family of regulatory proteins that utilize a fine-tuned mechanism to carefully modulate the activity of the 20S proteasome, in particular under conditions of oxidative stress, ensuring its proper functioning by controlling the degradative flux.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya A Olshina
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Galina Arkind
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | | | - Irit Fainer
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Mark Taranavsky
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Daniel Hayat
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Shifra Ben-Dor
- Bioinformatics and Biological Computing Unit, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Gili Ben-Nissan
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Michal Sharon
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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21
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Allen SP, Hall B, Woof R, Francis L, Gatto N, Shaw AC, Myszczynska M, Hemingway J, Coldicott I, Willcock A, Job L, Hughes RM, Boschian C, Bayatti N, Heath PR, Bandmann O, Mortiboys H, Ferraiuolo L, Shaw PJ. C9orf72 expansion within astrocytes reduces metabolic flexibility in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Brain 2019; 142:3771-3790. [PMID: 31647549 PMCID: PMC6906594 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awz302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
It is important to understand how the disease process affects the metabolic pathways in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and whether these pathways can be manipulated to ameliorate disease progression. To analyse the basis of the metabolic defect in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis we used a phenotypic metabolic profiling approach. Using fibroblasts and reprogrammed induced astrocytes from C9orf72 and sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis cases we measured the production rate of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotides (NADH) from 91 potential energy substrates simultaneously. Our screening approach identified that C9orf72 and sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis induced astrocytes have distinct metabolic profiles compared to controls and displayed a loss of metabolic flexibility that was not observed in fibroblast models. This loss of metabolic flexibility, involving defects in adenosine, fructose and glycogen metabolism, as well as disruptions in the membrane transport of mitochondrial specific energy substrates, contributed to increased starvation induced toxicity in C9orf72 induced astrocytes. A reduction in glycogen metabolism was attributed to loss of glycogen phosphorylase and phosphoglucomutase at the protein level in both C9orf72 induced astrocytes and induced neurons. In addition, we found alterations in the levels of fructose metabolism enzymes and a reduction in the methylglyoxal removal enzyme GLO1 in both C9orf72 and sporadic models of disease. Our data show that metabolic flexibility is important in the CNS in times of bioenergetic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott P Allen
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Benjamin Hall
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Ryan Woof
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Laura Francis
- The Living Systems Institute, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter, EX4 4QD, UK
| | - Noemi Gatto
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Allan C Shaw
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Monika Myszczynska
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Jordan Hemingway
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Ian Coldicott
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Amelia Willcock
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Lucy Job
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Rachel M Hughes
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Camilla Boschian
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Nadhim Bayatti
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Paul R Heath
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Oliver Bandmann
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Heather Mortiboys
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Laura Ferraiuolo
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Pamela J Shaw
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
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22
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Dicarbonyl Stress at the Crossroads of Healthy and Unhealthy Aging. Cells 2019; 8:cells8070749. [PMID: 31331077 PMCID: PMC6678343 DOI: 10.3390/cells8070749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Dicarbonyl stress occurs when dicarbonyl metabolites (i.e., methylglyoxal, glyoxal and 3-deoxyglucosone) accumulate as a consequence of their increased production and/or decreased detoxification. This toxic condition has been associated with metabolic and age-related diseases, both of which are characterized by a pro-inflammatory and pro-oxidant state. Methylglyoxal (MGO) is the most reactive dicarbonyl and the one with the highest endogenous flux. It is the precursor of the major quantitative advanced glycated products (AGEs) in physiological systems, arginine-derived hydroimidazolones, which accumulate in aging and dysfunctional tissues. The aging process is characterized by a decline in the functional properties of cells, tissues and whole organs, starting from the perturbation of crucial cellular processes, including mitochondrial function, proteostasis and stress-scavenging systems. Increasing studies are corroborating the causal relationship between MGO-derived AGEs and age-related tissue dysfunction, unveiling a previously underestimated role of dicarbonyl stress in determining healthy or unhealthy aging. This review summarizes the latest evidence supporting a causal role of dicarbonyl stress in age-related diseases, including diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease and neurodegeneration.
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23
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Silvester AJ, Aseer KR, Jang HJ, Ryu R, Kwon EY, Park JG, Cho KH, Chaudhari HN, Choi MS, Suh PG, Yun JW. Loss of DJ-1 promotes browning of white adipose tissue in diet-induced obese mice. J Nutr Biochem 2018; 61:56-67. [PMID: 30189364 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2018.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The seminal discovery of browning of white adipose tissue (WAT) holds great promise for the treatment of obesity and metabolic syndrome. DJ-1 is evolutionarily conserved across species, and mutations in DJ-1 have been identified in Parkinson's disease. Higher levels of DJ-1 are associated with obesity, but the underlying mechanism is less understood. Here, we report the previously unappreciated role of DJ-1 in white adipocyte biology in mature models of obesity. We used DJ-1 knockout (KO) mouse models and wild-type littermates maintained on a normal diet or high-fat diet as well as in vitro cell models to show the direct effects of DJ-1 depletion on adipocyte phenotype, thermogenic capacity, fat metabolism, and microenvironment profile. Global DJ-1 KO mice show increased sympathetic input to WAT and β3-adrenergic receptor intracellular signaling, leading to a previously unrecognized compensatory mechanism through browning of WAT with associated characteristics, including high mitochondrial contents, reduced lipid accumulation, adequate vascularization and attenuated autophagy. DJ-1 KO mice had normal body weight, energy balance, and adiposity, which were associated with protective effects on healthy WAT expansion by hyperplasia. Our findings revealed that browning of inguinal WAT occurred in DJ-1 KO mice that do not show increased predisposition to obesity and suggest that such potential mechanism may overcome the adverse metabolic consequences of obesity independent of an effect on body weight. Here, we provide the first direct evidence that targeting DJ-1 in adipocyte metabolic health may offer a unique therapeutic strategy for the treatment of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kanikkai Raja Aseer
- Department of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38453, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Jun Jang
- School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Ri Ryu
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Center for Food and Nutritional Genomics Research, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Young Kwon
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Center for Food and Nutritional Genomics Research, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Gyu Park
- Advanced Bio Convergence Center, Pohang Technopark Foundation, Pohang 37668, Republic of Korea
| | - Kiu-Hyung Cho
- Gyeongbuk Institute for Bioindustry, Andong 31984, Republic of Korea
| | - Harmesh N Chaudhari
- Department of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38453, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Sook Choi
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Center for Food and Nutritional Genomics Research, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Pann-Ghill Suh
- School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Won Yun
- Department of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38453, Republic of Korea.
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Silvester AJ, Aseer KR, Yun JW. Ablation of DJ-1 impairs brown fat function in diet-induced obese mice. Biochimie 2018; 154:107-118. [PMID: 30142366 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2018.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of DJ-1 deficiency on brown adipose tissue (BAT) function in mice. DJ-1 knockout (KO) mouse models and wild-type littermates placed on a normal diet or high-fat diet were utilized to demonstrate the direct consequences of DJ-1 deletion on BAT characteristics, thermogenic ability, lipid metabolism, and microenvironment regulation. Global DJ-1 KO mice had defective brown adipose tissue activity culminating in a profound whitening of BAT. Despite aberrations in inactive BAT associated with greater lipid accretion, decreased sympathetic activity, mitochondrial dysfunction, reduced vascularity, and autophagy activation, we found that the body weight and energy balance were unaffected in male mice depleted of DJ-1. Taken together, the results of this study suggest that male DJ-1 KO mice exhibit defects in BAT activity but do not gain more weight, revealing that BAT activity is not necessarily required for predisposing DJ-1 KO mice to obesity. Therefore, therapeutic targeting of DJ-1 in BAT could provide novel insights into the treatment of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kanikkai Raja Aseer
- Department of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38453, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Won Yun
- Department of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38453, Republic of Korea.
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25
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Velikova P, Petrov K, Lozanov V, Tsvetanova F, Stoyanov A, Wu Z, Liu Z, Petrova P. Microbial diversity and health-promoting properties of the traditional Bulgarian yogurt. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2018.1475255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Petya Velikova
- Department of General Microbiology, The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Kaloyan Petrov
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Reactors, Institute of Chemical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Valentin Lozanov
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Flora Tsvetanova
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Reactors, Institute of Chemical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Anton Stoyanov
- Department of General Microbiology, The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Zhengjun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology, Dairy Research Institute, Bright Dairy & Food Co., Ltd, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Zhenmin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology, Dairy Research Institute, Bright Dairy & Food Co., Ltd, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Penka Petrova
- Department of General Microbiology, The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
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26
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Antipova D, Bandopadhyay R. Expression of DJ-1 in Neurodegenerative Disorders. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 1037:25-43. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-6583-5_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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27
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Aslam K, Hazbun TR. Hsp31, a member of the DJ-1 superfamily, is a multitasking stress responder with chaperone activity. Prion 2017; 10:103-11. [PMID: 27097320 PMCID: PMC4981205 DOI: 10.1080/19336896.2016.1141858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Among different types of protein aggregation, amyloids are a biochemically well characterized state of protein aggregation that are associated with a large number of neurodegenerative diseases including Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae is an insightful model to understand the underlying mechanism of protein aggregation. Many yeast molecular chaperones can modulate aggregation and misfolding of proteins including α-Syn and the Sup35 prion. Hsp31 is a homodimeric protein structurally similar to human DJ-1, a Parkinson's disease-linked protein, and both are members of the DJ-1/ThiJ/PfpI superfamily. An emerging view is that Hsp31 and its associated superfamily members each have divergent multitasking functions that have the common theme of responding and managing various types of cellular stress. Hsp31 has several biochemical activities including chaperone and detoxifying enzyme activities that modulate at various points of a stress pathway such as toxicity associated with protein misfolding. However, we have shown the protective role of Hsp31's chaperone activity can operate independent of detoxifying enzyme activities in preventing the early stages of protein aggregate formation and associated cellular toxicities. We provide additional data that collectively supports the multiple functional roles that can be accomplished independent of each other. We present data indicating Hsp31 purified from yeast is more active compared to expression and purification from E. coli suggesting that posttranslational modifications could be important for Hsp31 to be fully active. We also compare the similarities and differences in activities among paralogs of Hsp31 supporting a model in which this protein family has overlapping but diverging roles in responding to various sources of cellular stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Aslam
- a Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology and the Purdue University Center for Cancer Research , Purdue University , West Lafayette , IN , USA
| | - Tony R Hazbun
- a Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology and the Purdue University Center for Cancer Research , Purdue University , West Lafayette , IN , USA
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28
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Toyoda Y, Cattin CJ, Stewart MP, Poser I, Theis M, Kurzchalia TV, Buchholz F, Hyman AA, Müller DJ. Genome-scale single-cell mechanical phenotyping reveals disease-related genes involved in mitotic rounding. Nat Commun 2017; 8:1266. [PMID: 29097687 PMCID: PMC5668354 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01147-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
To divide, most animal cells drastically change shape and round up against extracellular confinement. Mitotic cells facilitate this process by generating intracellular pressure, which the contractile actomyosin cortex directs into shape. Here, we introduce a genome-scale microcantilever- and RNAi-based approach to phenotype the contribution of > 1000 genes to the rounding of single mitotic cells against confinement. Our screen analyzes the rounding force, pressure and volume of mitotic cells and localizes selected proteins. We identify 49 genes relevant for mitotic rounding, a large portion of which have not previously been linked to mitosis or cell mechanics. Among these, depleting the endoplasmic reticulum-localized protein FAM134A impairs mitotic progression by affecting metaphase plate alignment and pressure generation by delocalizing cortical myosin II. Furthermore, silencing the DJ-1 gene uncovers a link between mitochondria-associated Parkinson's disease and mitotic pressure. We conclude that mechanical phenotyping is a powerful approach to study the mechanisms governing cell shape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Toyoda
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Pfotenhauerstrasse 108, 01307, Dresden, Germany.,Division of Cell Biology, Life Science Institute, Kurume University, Hyakunen-Kohen 1-1, Kurume, Fukuoka, 839-0864, Japan
| | - Cedric J Cattin
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering (D-BSSE), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zurich, Mattenstrasse 26, 4058, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Martin P Stewart
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering (D-BSSE), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zurich, Mattenstrasse 26, 4058, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 500 Main Street, Cambridge, MA, 02139-4307, USA.,The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 500 Main Street, Cambridge, MA, 02139-4307, USA
| | - Ina Poser
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Pfotenhauerstrasse 108, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Mirko Theis
- UCC, Medical System biology, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, University of Technology Dresden, Am Tatzberg 47/49, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Teymuras V Kurzchalia
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Pfotenhauerstrasse 108, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Frank Buchholz
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Pfotenhauerstrasse 108, 01307, Dresden, Germany.,UCC, Medical System biology, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, University of Technology Dresden, Am Tatzberg 47/49, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Anthony A Hyman
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Pfotenhauerstrasse 108, 01307, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Daniel J Müller
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering (D-BSSE), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zurich, Mattenstrasse 26, 4058, Basel, Switzerland.
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Matsuda N, Kimura M, Queliconi BB, Kojima W, Mishima M, Takagi K, Koyano F, Yamano K, Mizushima T, Ito Y, Tanaka K. Parkinson's disease-related DJ-1 functions in thiol quality control against aldehyde attack in vitro. Sci Rep 2017; 7:12816. [PMID: 28993701 PMCID: PMC5634459 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-13146-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
DJ-1 (also known as PARK7) has been identified as a causal gene for hereditary recessive Parkinson’s disease (PD). Consequently, the full elucidation of DJ-1 function will help decipher the molecular mechanisms underlying PD pathogenesis. However, because various, and sometimes inconsistent, roles for DJ-1 have been reported, the molecular function of DJ-1 remains controversial. Recently, a number of papers have suggested that DJ-1 family proteins are involved in aldehyde detoxification. We found that DJ-1 indeed converts methylglyoxal (pyruvaldehyde)-adducted glutathione (GSH) to intact GSH and lactate. Based on evidence that DJ-1 functions in mitochondrial homeostasis, we focused on the possibility that DJ-1 protects co-enzyme A (CoA) and its precursor in the CoA synthetic pathway from aldehyde attack. Here, we show that intact CoA and β-alanine, an intermediate in CoA synthesis, are recovered from methylglyoxal-adducts by recombinant DJ-1 purified from E. coli. In this process, methylglyoxal is converted to L-lactate rather than the D-lactate produced by a conventional glyoxalase. PD-related pathogenic mutations of DJ-1 (L10P, M26I, A104T, D149A, and L166P) impair or abolish detoxification activity, suggesting a pathological significance. We infer that a key to understanding the biological function of DJ-1 resides in its methylglyoxal-adduct hydrolase activity, which protects low-molecular thiols, including CoA, from aldehydes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriyuki Matsuda
- Ubiquitin Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya, Tokyo, 156-8506, Japan. .,JST, PRESTO, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan.
| | - Mayumi Kimura
- Ubiquitin Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya, Tokyo, 156-8506, Japan.,Laboratory of Protein Metabolism, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya, Tokyo, 156-8506, Japan
| | - Bruno Barros Queliconi
- Ubiquitin Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya, Tokyo, 156-8506, Japan.,Laboratory of Protein Metabolism, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya, Tokyo, 156-8506, Japan
| | - Waka Kojima
- Ubiquitin Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya, Tokyo, 156-8506, Japan.,Laboratory of Protein Metabolism, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya, Tokyo, 156-8506, Japan.,Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8561, Japan
| | - Masaki Mishima
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minamiosawa, Hachioji, 192-0397, Japan
| | - Kenji Takagi
- Picobiology Institute, Graduate School of Life Science, University of Hyogo, 3-2-1 Kouto, Kamighori, Ako, Hyogo, 678-1297, Japan
| | - Fumika Koyano
- Ubiquitin Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya, Tokyo, 156-8506, Japan
| | - Koji Yamano
- Ubiquitin Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya, Tokyo, 156-8506, Japan
| | - Tsunehiro Mizushima
- Picobiology Institute, Graduate School of Life Science, University of Hyogo, 3-2-1 Kouto, Kamighori, Ako, Hyogo, 678-1297, Japan
| | - Yutaka Ito
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minamiosawa, Hachioji, 192-0397, Japan
| | - Keiji Tanaka
- Laboratory of Protein Metabolism, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya, Tokyo, 156-8506, Japan. .,Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8561, Japan.
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30
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Sashourpour M, Zahri S, Radjabian T, Ruf V, Pan-Montojo F, Morshedi D. A study on the modulation of alpha-synuclein fibrillation by Scutellaria pinnatifida extracts and its neuroprotective properties. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0184483. [PMID: 28957336 PMCID: PMC5619708 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0184483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Aggregation of alpha-synuclein (α-SN) is a key pathogenic event in Parkinson's disease (PD) leading to dopaminergic degeneration. The identification of natural compounds inhibiting α-SN aggregation may have a major role in treating PD. Different Scutellaria species are known as valuable medicinal plants, primarily due to their high flavonoid levels. Scutellaria pinnatifida (S. pinnatifida) is endemic to Iran; however, the knowledge of its pharmaceutical properties is limited. Here we report that S. pinnatifida extracts have an anti-fibrillation effect on α-SN aggregation and neuroprotective properties on PC12 and primary dopaminergic neurons. Treatment during α-SN fibril formation with S. pinnatifida extracts showed that the extractions performed with dichloromethane (DCMEx) and n-butanol (BuOHEx) strongly inhibited α-SN fibrillation. TLC-based analysis revealed that S. pinnatifida contains a great amount of flavonoids with high antioxidant properties as shown using a radical scavenging assay. Further analysis using HPLC and Mass spectroscopy on the DCMEx revealed the presence of baicalein in this extract. We then selected the more efficient extracts based on cell viability and ROS scavenging on PC12 cells and tested their neuroprotective properties on primary dopaminergic neurons. Our results showed the extracts strongly protected against α-SN oligomers. Surprisingly, they also neutralized the severe toxicity of paraquat. Therefore, S. pinnatifida may be a potential valuable medicinal herb for further studies related to the treatment of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdyeh Sashourpour
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mohaghegh Ardabili University, Ardabil, Iran
- Department of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
| | - Saber Zahri
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mohaghegh Ardabili University, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Tayebeh Radjabian
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Viktoria Ruf
- Center for Neuropathology and Prion Research, Ludwig-Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - Francisco Pan-Montojo
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital, LMU, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Dina Morshedi
- Department of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
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31
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Biosa A, Sandrelli F, Beltramini M, Greggio E, Bubacco L, Bisaglia M. Recent findings on the physiological function of DJ-1: Beyond Parkinson's disease. Neurobiol Dis 2017; 108:65-72. [PMID: 28823929 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2017.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Revised: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Several mutations in the gene coding for DJ-1 have been associated with early onset forms of parkinsonism. In spite of the massive effort spent by the scientific community in understanding the physiological role of DJ-1, a consensus on what DJ-1 actually does within the cells has not been reached, with several diverse functions proposed. At present, the most accepted function for DJ-1 is a neuronal protective role against oxidative stress. However, how exactly this function is exerted by DJ-1 is not clear. In recent years, novel molecular mechanisms have been suggested that may account for the antioxidant properties of DJ-1. In this review, we critically analyse the experimental evidence, including some very recent findings, supporting the purported neuroprotective role of DJ-1 through different mechanisms linked to oxidative stress handling, as well as the relevance of these processes in the context of Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Biosa
- Molecular Physiology and Biophysics Unit, Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Federica Sandrelli
- Neurogenetics and Chronobiology Unit, Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Mariano Beltramini
- Molecular Physiology and Biophysics Unit, Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Elisa Greggio
- Molecular Physiology and Biophysics Unit, Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Luigi Bubacco
- Molecular Physiology and Biophysics Unit, Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Marco Bisaglia
- Molecular Physiology and Biophysics Unit, Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy.
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32
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Anandhan A, Jacome MS, Lei S, Hernandez-Franco P, Pappa A, Panayiotidis MI, Powers R, Franco R. Metabolic Dysfunction in Parkinson's Disease: Bioenergetics, Redox Homeostasis and Central Carbon Metabolism. Brain Res Bull 2017; 133:12-30. [PMID: 28341600 PMCID: PMC5555796 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2017.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Revised: 03/19/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) and the accumulation of protein inclusions (Lewy bodies) are the pathological hallmarks of Parkinson's disease (PD). PD is triggered by genetic alterations, environmental/occupational exposures and aging. However, the exact molecular mechanisms linking these PD risk factors to neuronal dysfunction are still unclear. Alterations in redox homeostasis and bioenergetics (energy failure) are thought to be central components of neurodegeneration that contribute to the impairment of important homeostatic processes in dopaminergic cells such as protein quality control mechanisms, neurotransmitter release/metabolism, axonal transport of vesicles and cell survival. Importantly, both bioenergetics and redox homeostasis are coupled to neuro-glial central carbon metabolism. We and others have recently established a link between the alterations in central carbon metabolism induced by PD risk factors, redox homeostasis and bioenergetics and their contribution to the survival/death of dopaminergic cells. In this review, we focus on the link between metabolic dysfunction, energy failure and redox imbalance in PD, making an emphasis in the contribution of central carbon (glucose) metabolism. The evidence summarized here strongly supports the consideration of PD as a disorder of cell metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annadurai Anandhan
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68516, United States; Redox Biology Center, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68503, United States
| | - Maria S Jacome
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68516, United States
| | - Shulei Lei
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68503, United States
| | - Pablo Hernandez-Franco
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68516, United States; Redox Biology Center, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68503, United States
| | - Aglaia Pappa
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, University Campus, Dragana, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | | | - Robert Powers
- Redox Biology Center, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68503, United States; Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68503, United States
| | - Rodrigo Franco
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68516, United States; Redox Biology Center, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68503, United States.
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33
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Bourdenx M, Daniel J, Genin E, Soria FN, Blanchard-Desce M, Bezard E, Dehay B. Nanoparticles restore lysosomal acidification defects: Implications for Parkinson and other lysosomal-related diseases. Autophagy 2016; 12:472-83. [PMID: 26761717 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2015.1136769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysosomal impairment causes lysosomal storage disorders (LSD) and is involved in pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, notably Parkinson disease (PD). Strategies enhancing or restoring lysosomal-mediated degradation thus appear as tantalizing disease-modifying therapeutics. Here we demonstrate that poly(DL-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) acidic nanoparticles (aNP) restore impaired lysosomal function in a series of toxin and genetic cellular models of PD, i.e. ATP13A2-mutant or depleted cells or glucocerebrosidase (GBA)-mutant cells, as well as in a genetic model of lysosomal-related myopathy. We show that PLGA-aNP are transported to the lysosome within 24 h, lower lysosomal pH and rescue chloroquine (CQ)-induced toxicity. Re-acidification of defective lysosomes following PLGA-aNP treatment restores lysosomal function in different pathological contexts. Finally, our results show that PLGA-aNP may be detected after intracerebral injection in neurons and attenuate PD-related neurodegeneration in vivo by mechanisms involving a rescue of compromised lysosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Bourdenx
- a University de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives , UMR 5293, Bordeaux , France.,b CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives , UMR 5293, Bordeaux , France
| | - Jonathan Daniel
- c University de Bordeaux, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires , UMR 5255, Talence , France
| | - Emilie Genin
- c University de Bordeaux, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires , UMR 5255, Talence , France
| | - Federico N Soria
- a University de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives , UMR 5293, Bordeaux , France.,b CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives , UMR 5293, Bordeaux , France
| | | | - Erwan Bezard
- a University de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives , UMR 5293, Bordeaux , France.,b CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives , UMR 5293, Bordeaux , France
| | - Benjamin Dehay
- a University de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives , UMR 5293, Bordeaux , France.,b CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives , UMR 5293, Bordeaux , France
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Pacheco-Marín R, Melendez-Zajgla J, Castillo-Rojas G, Mandujano-Tinoco E, Garcia-Venzor A, Uribe-Carvajal S, Cabrera-Orefice A, Gonzalez-Torres C, Gaytan-Cervantes J, Mitre-Aguilar IB, Maldonado V. Transcriptome profile of the early stages of breast cancer tumoral spheroids. Sci Rep 2016; 6:23373. [PMID: 27021602 PMCID: PMC4810430 DOI: 10.1038/srep23373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxygen or nutrient deprivation of early stage tumoral spheroids can be used to reliably mimic the initial growth of primary and metastatic cancer cells. However, cancer cell growth during the initial stages has not been fully explored using a genome-wide approach. Thus, in the present study, we investigated the transcriptome of breast cancer cells during the initial stages of tumoral growth using RNAseq in a model of Multicellular Tumor Spheroids (MTS). Network analyses showed that a metastatic signature was enriched as several adhesion molecules were deregulated, including EPCAM, E-cadherin, integrins and syndecans, which were further supported by an increase in cell migration. Interestingly, we also found that the cancer cells at this stage of growth exhibited a paradoxical hyperactivation of oxidative mitochondrial metabolism. In addition, we found a large number of regulated (long non coding RNA) lncRNAs, several of which were co-regulated with neighboring genes. The regulatory role of some of these lncRNAs on mRNA expression was demonstrated with gain of function assays. This is the first report of an early-stage MTS transcriptome, which not only reveals a complex expression landscape, but points toward an important contribution of long non-coding RNAs in the final phenotype of three-dimensional cellular models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosario Pacheco-Marín
- Epigenetics, National Institute of Genomic Medicine, Periférico Sur No. 4809, Col Arenal Tepepan, Delegación Tlalpan, México, D.F., C.P 14610.,Posgraduate Program in Biological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine (UNAM), University City Avenue 3000 C.P. 04510, Coyoacan, Mexico City
| | - Jorge Melendez-Zajgla
- Functional Genomics laboratories, National Institute of Genomic Medicine, Periférico Sur No. 4809, Col Arenal Tepepan, Delegación Tlalpan, México, D.F., C.P 14610
| | - Gonzalo Castillo-Rojas
- Microbial Molecular Immunology Program, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), University City Avenue 3000 C.P. 04510, Coyoacan, Mexico City
| | - Edna Mandujano-Tinoco
- Functional Genomics laboratories, National Institute of Genomic Medicine, Periférico Sur No. 4809, Col Arenal Tepepan, Delegación Tlalpan, México, D.F., C.P 14610
| | - Alfredo Garcia-Venzor
- Functional Genomics laboratories, National Institute of Genomic Medicine, Periférico Sur No. 4809, Col Arenal Tepepan, Delegación Tlalpan, México, D.F., C.P 14610
| | - Salvador Uribe-Carvajal
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Cellular Physiology (UNAM), University City Avenue 3000 C.P. 04510, Coyoacan, Mexico City
| | - Alfredo Cabrera-Orefice
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Cellular Physiology (UNAM), University City Avenue 3000 C.P. 04510, Coyoacan, Mexico City
| | - Carolina Gonzalez-Torres
- Functional Genomics laboratories, National Institute of Genomic Medicine, Periférico Sur No. 4809, Col Arenal Tepepan, Delegación Tlalpan, México, D.F., C.P 14610
| | - Javier Gaytan-Cervantes
- Functional Genomics laboratories, National Institute of Genomic Medicine, Periférico Sur No. 4809, Col Arenal Tepepan, Delegación Tlalpan, México, D.F., C.P 14610
| | - Irma B Mitre-Aguilar
- Unit of Biochemistry, National Institute of Medical Sciences and Nutrition Salvador Zubirán (INCMNSZ), Av. Vasco de Quiroga N° 15, Colonia Belisario Domínguez Sección XVI, Delegación Tlalpan. CP.14080, México D. F., México
| | - Vilma Maldonado
- Epigenetics, National Institute of Genomic Medicine, Periférico Sur No. 4809, Col Arenal Tepepan, Delegación Tlalpan, México, D.F., C.P 14610
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Valera E, Masliah E. Therapeutic approaches in Parkinson's disease and related disorders. J Neurochem 2016; 139 Suppl 1:346-352. [PMID: 26749150 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.13529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Revised: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The lack of effective therapies for neurodegenerative disorders is one of the most relevant challenges of this century, considering that, as the global population ages, the incidence of these type of diseases is quickly on the rise. Among these disorders, synucleinopathies, which are characterized by the abnormal accumulation and spreading of the synaptic protein alpha-synuclein in the brain, already constitute the second leading cause of parkinsonism and dementia in the elderly population. Disorders with alpha-synuclein accumulation include Parkinson's disease, dementia with Lewy bodies and multiple system atrophy. Numerous therapeutic alternatives for synucleinopathies are being tested in pre-clinical models and in the clinic; however, only palliative treatments addressing the dopaminergic deficits are approved to date, and no disease-modifying options are available yet. In this article, we provide a brief overview of therapeutic approaches currently being explored for synucleinopathies, and suggest possible explanations to the clinical trials outcomes. Finally, we propose that a deeper understanding of the pathophysiology of synucleinopathies, together with a combination of therapies tailored to each disease stage, may lead to better therapeutic outcomes in synucleinopathy patients. Synucleinopathies, neurodegenerative disorders characterized by the abnormal accumulation of the protein alpha-synuclein, constitute the second leading cause of parkinsonism and dementia in the elderly population, however, no disease-modifying options are available yet. In this review, we summarize the therapeutic approaches currently being explored for synucleinopathies, suggest possible explanations to the clinical outcomes, and propose areas of further therapeutic improvement. This article is part of a special issue on Parkinson disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvira Valera
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Eliezer Masliah
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA. .,Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Hackett
- The Company of Biologists, Bidder Building, Station Road, Cambridge CB24 9LF, UK
| | - O Claire Moulton
- The Company of Biologists, Bidder Building, Station Road, Cambridge CB24 9LF, UK
| | - Jordan W Raff
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3RE, UK
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Valera E, Masliah E. Combination therapies: The next logical Step for the treatment of synucleinopathies? Mov Disord 2015; 31:225-34. [PMID: 26388203 DOI: 10.1002/mds.26428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently there are no disease-modifying alternatives for the treatment of most neurodegenerative disorders. The available therapies for diseases such as Parkinson's disease (PD), PD dementia (PDD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), and multiple system atrophy (MSA), in which the protein alpha-synuclein (α-Syn) accumulates within neurons and glial cells with toxic consequences, are focused on managing the disease symptoms. However, using strategic drug combinations and/or multi-target drugs might increase the treatment efficiency when compared with monotherapies. Synucleinopathies are complex disorders that progress through several stages, and toxic α-Syn aggregates exhibit prion-like behavior spreading from cell to cell. Therefore, it follows that these neurodegenerative disorders might require equally complex therapeutic approaches to obtain significant and long-lasting results. Hypothetically, therapies aimed at reducing α-Syn accumulation and cell-to-cell transfer, such as immunotherapy against α-Syn, could be combined with agents that reduce neuroinflammation with potential synergistic outcomes. Here we review the current evidence supporting this type of approach, suggesting that such rational therapy combinations, together with the use of multi-target drugs, may hold promise as the next logical step for the treatment of synucleinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvira Valera
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Eliezer Masliah
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
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Mitochondria: A Therapeutic Target for Parkinson's Disease? Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:20704-30. [PMID: 26340618 PMCID: PMC4613227 DOI: 10.3390/ijms160920704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Revised: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders. The exact causes of neuronal damage are unknown, but mounting evidence indicates that mitochondrial-mediated pathways contribute to the underlying mechanisms of dopaminergic neuronal cell death both in PD patients and in PD animal models. Mitochondria are organized in a highly dynamic tubular network that is continuously reshaped by opposing processes of fusion and fission. Defects in either fusion or fission, leading to mitochondrial fragmentation, limit mitochondrial motility, decrease energy production and increase oxidative stress, thereby promoting cell dysfunction and death. Thus, the regulation of mitochondrial dynamics processes, such as fusion, fission and mitophagy, represents important mechanisms controlling neuronal cell fate. In this review, we summarize some of the recent evidence supporting that impairment of mitochondrial dynamics, mitophagy and mitochondrial import occurs in cellular and animal PD models and disruption of these processes is a contributing mechanism to cell death in dopaminergic neurons. We also summarize mitochondria-targeting therapeutics in models of PD, proposing that modulation of mitochondrial impairment might be beneficial for drug development toward treatment of PD.
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Erkut C, Kurzchalia TV. The C. elegans dauer larva as a paradigm to study metabolic suppression and desiccation tolerance. PLANTA 2015; 242:389-396. [PMID: 25868548 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-015-2300-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2014] [Accepted: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The hypometabolic, stress-resistant dauer larva of Caenorhabditis elegans serves as an excellent model to study the molecular mechanisms of desiccation tolerance, such as maintenance of membrane organization, protein folding, xenobiotic and ROS detoxification in the dry state. Many organisms from diverse taxa of life have the remarkable ability to survive extreme desiccation in the nature by entering an ametabolic state known as anhydrobiosis (life without water). The hallmark of the anhydrobiotic state is the achievement and maintenance of an exceedingly low metabolic rate, as well as preservation of the structural integrity of the cell. Although described more than three centuries ago, the biochemical and biophysical mechanisms underlying this phenomenon are still not fully comprehended. This is mainly due to the fact that anhydrobiosis in animals was studied using non-model organisms, which are very difficult, if not impossible, to manipulate at the molecular level. Recently, we introduced the roundworm (nematode) Caenorhabditis elegans as a model for anhydrobiosis. Taking advantage of powerful genetic, biochemical and biophysical tools, we investigated several aspects of anhydrobiosis in a particular developmental stage (the dauer larva) of this organism. First, our studies allowed confirming the previously suggested role of the disaccharide trehalose in the preservation of lipid membranes. Moreover, in addition to known pathways such as reactive oxygen species defense, heat-shock and intrinsically disordered protein expression, evidence for some novel strategies of anhydrobiosis has been obtained. These are increased glyoxalase activity, polyamine and polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis. All these pathways may constitute a generic toolbox of anhydrobiosis, which is possibly conserved between animals and plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cihan Erkut
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Pfotenhauerstraße 108, 01307, Dresden, Germany
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40
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Penicillium chrysogenum as a model system for studying cellular effects of methylglyoxal. BMC Microbiol 2015; 15:138. [PMID: 26156309 PMCID: PMC4496818 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-015-0472-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2015] [Accepted: 06/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background α-oxoaldehydes are formed as toxic by-products during metabolic activity. The biologically most important compound of this class, methylglyoxal, results from spontaneous phosphate elimination from dihydroxyacetone phosphate and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate which are intermediate glycolysis products. Methylglyoxal-mediated modification of lipids, nucleic acids and proteins is known to lead to the formation of advanced glycation end products. These modifications contribute to the aetiology of severe diseases like diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders. By using simple model organisms it is possible to conveniently study the effects of methylglyoxal on cellular processes. Here, results are presented on the effects of methylglyoxal on mycelium growth, stationary phase entry (monitored by autophagy induction), mitochondrial morphology and protein composition in the filamentous fungus Penicillium chrysogenum. Results Methylglyoxal leads to growth rate reduction of this fungus so that the entry into the stationary phase is delayed. Mitochondrial morphology is not changed by methylglyoxal. However, rapamycin-mediated fragmentation of mitochondria is prevented by methylglyoxal. Furthermore, three proteins are identified that are present in lower abundance when methylglyoxal is added to the growth medium (aldo-keto reductase [Pc22g04850], 5-methyl-tetrahydropteroyl-triglutamate-homocysteine S-methyltransferase [Pc22g18630] and NAD-dependent formate dehydrogenase [Pc12g04310]). Conclusions The presented results contribute to the understanding of cellular pathways and mechanisms that are affected by the ubiquitous α-oxoaldehyde methylglyoxal.
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Takahashi-Niki K, Kato-Ose I, Murata H, Maita H, Iguchi-Ariga SMM, Ariga H. Epidermal Growth Factor-dependent Activation of the Extracellular Signal-regulated Kinase Pathway by DJ-1 Protein through Its Direct Binding to c-Raf Protein. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:17838-17847. [PMID: 26048984 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.666271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
DJ-1 is an oncogene and also a causative gene for familial Parkinson disease. DJ-1 has various functions, and the oxidative status of cysteine at position 106 (Cys-106) is crucial for determination of the activation level of DJ-1. Although DJ-1 requires activated Ras for its oncogenic activity and although it activates the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway, a cell growth pathway downstream of Ras, the precise mechanism underlying activation of the ERK pathway by DJ-1 is still not known. In this study, we found that DJ-1 directly bound to the kinase domain of c-Raf but not to Ras and that Cys-106 mutant DJ-1 bound to c-Raf more weakly than did wild-type DJ-1. Co-localization of DJ-1 with c-Raf in the cytoplasm was enhanced in epidermal growth factor (EGF)-treated cells. Knockdown of DJ-1 expression attenuated the phosphorylation level of c-Raf in EGF-treated cells, resulting in reduced activation of MEK and ERK1/2. Although EGF-treated DJ-1 knock-out cells also showed attenuated c-Raf activation, reintroduction of wild-type DJ-1, but not C106S DJ-1, into DJ-1 knock-out cells restored c-Raf activation in a DJ-1 binding activity in a c-Raf-dependent manner. DJ-1 was not responsible for activation of c-Raf in phorbol myristate acetate-treated cells. Furthermore, DJ-1 stimulated self-phosphorylation activity of c-Raf in vitro, but DJ-1 was not a target for Raf kinase. Oxidation of Cys-106 in DJ-1 was not affected by EGF treatment. These findings showed that DJ-1 is a positive regulator of the EGF/Ras/ERK pathway through targeting c-Raf.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Izumi Kato-Ose
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812
| | - Hiroaki Murata
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812
| | - Hiroshi Maita
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812
| | | | - Hiroyoshi Ariga
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812.
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Ryan BJ, Hoek S, Fon EA, Wade-Martins R. Mitochondrial dysfunction and mitophagy in Parkinson's: from familial to sporadic disease. Trends Biochem Sci 2015; 40:200-10. [PMID: 25757399 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2015.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 381] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2014] [Revised: 02/06/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterised by the preferential loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Mitochondrial dysfunction is increasingly appreciated as a key determinant of dopaminergic neuronal susceptibility in PD and is a feature of both familial and sporadic disease, as well as in toxin-induced Parkinsonism. Recently, the mechanisms by which PD-associated mitochondrial proteins phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN)-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1) and parkin function and induce neurodegeneration have been identified. In addition, increasing evidence implicates other PD-associated proteins such as α-synuclein (α-syn) and leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) in mitochondrial dysfunction in genetic cases of PD with the potential for a large functional overlap with sporadic disease. This review highlights how recent advances in understanding familial PD-associated proteins have identified novel mechanisms and therapeutic strategies for addressing mitochondrial dysfunction in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brent J Ryan
- Oxford Parkinson's Disease Centre, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, Le Gros Clark Building, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QX, UK
| | - Selim Hoek
- Oxford Parkinson's Disease Centre, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, Le Gros Clark Building, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QX, UK
| | - Edward A Fon
- McGill Parkinson Program, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Richard Wade-Martins
- Oxford Parkinson's Disease Centre, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, Le Gros Clark Building, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QX, UK.
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Allaman I, Bélanger M, Magistretti PJ. Methylglyoxal, the dark side of glycolysis. Front Neurosci 2015; 9:23. [PMID: 25709564 PMCID: PMC4321437 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2015.00023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 354] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucose is the main energy substrate for the brain. There is now extensive evidence indicating that the metabolic profile of neural cells with regard to glucose utilization and glycolysis rate is not homogenous, with a marked propensity for glycolytic glucose processing in astrocytes compared to neurons. Methylglyoxal, a highly reactive dicarbonyl compound, is inevitably formed as a by-product of glycolysis. Methylglyoxal is a major cell-permeant precursor of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), which are associated with several pathologies including diabetes, aging and neurodegenerative diseases. In normal situations, cells are protected against methylglyoxal toxicity by different mechanisms and in particular the glyoxalase system, which represents the most important pathway for the detoxification of methylglyoxal. While the neurotoxic effects of methylglyoxal and AGEs are well characterized, our understanding the glyoxalase system in the brain is more scattered. Considering the high energy requirements (i.e., glucose) of the brain, one should expect that the cerebral glyoxalase system is adequately fitted to handle methylglyoxal toxicity. This review focuses on our actual knowledge on the cellular aspects of the glyoxalase system in brain cells, in particular with regard to its activity in astrocytes and neurons. A main emerging concept is that these two neural cell types have different and energetically adapted glyoxalase defense mechanisms which may serve as protective mechanism against methylglyoxal-induced cellular damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Allaman
- Laboratory of Neuroenergetics and Cellular Dynamics, Brain Mind Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mireille Bélanger
- Laboratory of Neuroenergetics and Cellular Dynamics, Brain Mind Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pierre J Magistretti
- Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal, Saudi Arabia ; Laboratory of Neuroenergetics and Cellular Dynamics, Brain Mind Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Lausanne, Switzerland
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Hao M, Pan N, Zhang Q, Wang X. Mutant of leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 is not associated with non-motor symptoms in Chinese Parkinson's disease patients. Int J Clin Exp Med 2014; 7:2253-2257. [PMID: 25232417 PMCID: PMC4161577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2014] [Accepted: 07/15/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Non-motor symptoms (NMS) are common in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). However, little is known about NMS in patients with mutant of leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2). This study aimed to elucidate the relationship between NMS in Chinese PD patients and to ascertain if there were differences in NMS between PD patients and mutant of LRRK2. 200 sporadic PD (sPD) patients were recruited from a Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University. The Non-motor Symptom Questionnaire (NMSQ) was used to screen for the presence of NMS. A mean of 9.73 NMS (SD=4.53) was reported per patient. Forgetfulness, constipation and daytime sleepiness were found to be the most frequent NMS. No differences were found in 9 domains analysis between PD with and without LRRK2 variants. Non-motor symptoms in PD are too important to remain undetected. There are no Clinical characteristics of NMS tend to be similar between LRRK2 variants carriers and non-carriers in Chinese sPD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maolin Hao
- Department of Neurology, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University Jinan 250022, Shandong, China
| | - Ning Pan
- Department of Neurology, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University Jinan 250022, Shandong, China
| | - Qinghua Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University Jinan 250022, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- Department of Neurology, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University Jinan 250022, Shandong, China
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