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Saumweber E, Mzoughi S, Khadra A, Werberger A, Schumann S, Guccione E, Schmeisser MJ, Kühl SJ. Prdm15 acts upstream of Wnt4 signaling in anterior neural development of Xenopus laevis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1316048. [PMID: 38444828 PMCID: PMC10912572 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1316048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Mutations in PRDM15 lead to a syndromic form of holoprosencephaly (HPE) known as the Galloway-Mowat syndrome (GAMOS). While a connection between PRDM15, a zinc finger transcription factor, and WNT/PCP signaling has been established, there is a critical need to delve deeper into their contributions to early development and GAMOS pathogenesis. We used the South African clawed frog Xenopus laevis as the vertebrate model organism and observed that prdm15 was enriched in the tissues and organs affected in GAMOS. Furthermore, we generated a morpholino oligonucleotide-mediated prdm15 knockdown model showing that the depletion of Prdm15 leads to abnormal eye, head, and brain development, effectively recapitulating the anterior neural features in GAMOS. An analysis of the underlying molecular basis revealed a reduced expression of key genes associated with eye, head, and brain development. Notably, this reduction could be rescued by the introduction of wnt4 RNA, particularly during the induction of the respective tissues. Mechanistically, our data demonstrate that Prdm15 acts upstream of both canonical and non-canonical Wnt4 signaling during anterior neural development. Our findings describe severe ocular and anterior neural abnormalities upon Prdm15 depletion and elucidate the role of Prdm15 in canonical and non-canonical Wnt4 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernestine Saumweber
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Slim Mzoughi
- Center of OncoGenomics and Innovative Therapeutics (COGIT), Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New-York, NY, United States
| | - Arin Khadra
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Anja Werberger
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Sven Schumann
- Institute of Anatomy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ernesto Guccione
- Center of OncoGenomics and Innovative Therapeutics (COGIT), Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New-York, NY, United States
| | - Michael J. Schmeisser
- Institute of Anatomy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Focus Program Translational Neurosciences, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Susanne J. Kühl
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
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Yoder MD, Van Osten S, Weber GF. Gene expression analysis of the Tao kinase family of Ste20p-like map kinase kinase kinases during early embryonic development in Xenopus laevis. Gene Expr Patterns 2023; 48:119318. [PMID: 37011704 PMCID: PMC10453956 DOI: 10.1016/j.gep.2023.119318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Development of the vertebrate embryo requires strict coordination of a highly complex series of signaling cascades, that drive cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, and the general morphogenetic program. Members of the Map kinase signaling pathway are repeatedly required throughout development to activate the downstream effectors, ERK, p38, and JNK. Regulation of these pathways occurs at many levels in the signaling cascade, with the Map3Ks playing an essential role in target selection. The thousand and one amino acid kinases (Taoks) are Map3Ks that have been shown to activate both p38 and JNK and are linked to neurodevelopment in both invertebrate and vertebrate organisms. In vertebrates, there are three Taok paralogs (Taok1, Taok2, and Taok3) which have not yet been ascribed a role in early development. Here we describe the spatiotemporal expression of Taok1, Taok2, and Taok3 in the model organism Xenopus laevis. The X. laevis Tao kinases share roughly 80% identity to each other, with the bulk of the conservation in the kinase domain. Taok1 and Taok3 are highly expressed in pre-gastrula and gastrula stage embryos, with initial expression localized to the animal pole and later expression in the ectoderm and mesoderm. All three Taoks are expressed in the neural and tailbud stages, with overlapping expression in the neural tube, notochord, and many anterior structures (including branchial arches, brain, otic vesicles, and eye). The expression patterns described here provide evidence that the Tao kinases may play a central role in early development, in addition to their function during neural development, and establish a framework to better understand the developmental roles of Tao kinase signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael D Yoder
- Department of Biology, University of Central Arkansas, Conway, AR, 72035, USA.
| | - Steven Van Osten
- Sciences Division, Brandywine Campus, The Pennsylvania State University, Media, PA, 19063, USA.
| | - Gregory F Weber
- Department of Biology, University of Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, 46227, USA.
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3
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Cervino AS, Collodel MG, Lopez IA, Hochbaum D, Hukriede NA, Cirio MC. Xenopus Ssbp2 is required for embryonic pronephros morphogenesis and terminal differentiation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.04.15.537039. [PMID: 37090653 PMCID: PMC10120741 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.15.537039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
The nephron, functional unit of the vertebrate kidney, is specialized in metabolic wastes excretion and body fluids osmoregulation. Given the high evolutionary conservation of gene expression and segmentation patterning between mammalian and amphibian nephrons, the Xenopus laevis pronephric kidney offers a simplified model for studying nephrogenesis. The Lhx1 transcription factor plays several roles during embryogenesis, regulating target genes expression by forming multiprotein complexes with LIM binding protein 1 (Ldb1). However, few Lhx1-Ldb1 cofactors have been identified for kidney organogenesis. By tandem-affinity purification from kidney-induced Xenopus animal caps, we identified s ingle- s tranded DNA b inding p rotein 2 (Ssbp2) interacts with the Ldb1-Lhx1 complex. Ssbp2 is expressed in the Xenopus pronephros, and knockdown prevents normal morphogenesis and differentiation of the glomus and the convoluted renal tubules. We demonstrate a role for a member of the Ssbp family in kidney organogenesis and provide evidence of a fundamental function for the Ldb1-Lhx1-Ssbp transcriptional complexes in embryonic development.
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Murayama E, Vivier C, Schmidt A, Herbomel P. Alcam-a and Pdgfr-α are essential for the development of sclerotome-derived stromal cells that support hematopoiesis. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1171. [PMID: 36859431 PMCID: PMC9977867 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36612-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells are essential components of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) niches, regulating HSPC proliferation and fates. Their developmental origins are largely unknown. In zebrafish, we previously found that the stromal cells of the caudal hematopoietic tissue (CHT), a niche functionally homologous to the mammalian fetal liver, arise from the ventral part of caudal somites. We have now found that this ventral domain is the sclerotome, and that two markers of mammalian mesenchymal stem/stromal cells, Alcam and Pdgfr-α, are distinctively expressed there and instrumental for the emergence and migration of stromal cell progenitors, which in turn conditions the proper assembly of the vascular component of the CHT niche. Furthermore, we find that trunk somites are similarly dependent on Alcam and Pdgfr-α to produce mesenchymal cells that foster HSPC emergence from the aorta. Thus the sclerotome contributes essential stromal cells for each of the key steps of developmental hematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emi Murayama
- Institut Pasteur, Department of Developmental & Stem Cell Biology, Paris, 75015, France. .,INSERM, Paris, 75013, France. .,CNRS, UMR3738, Paris, 75015, France.
| | - Catherine Vivier
- Institut Pasteur, Department of Developmental & Stem Cell Biology, Paris, 75015, France.,CNRS, UMR3738, Paris, 75015, France
| | - Anne Schmidt
- Institut Pasteur, Department of Developmental & Stem Cell Biology, Paris, 75015, France.,CNRS, UMR3738, Paris, 75015, France
| | - Philippe Herbomel
- Institut Pasteur, Department of Developmental & Stem Cell Biology, Paris, 75015, France.,CNRS, UMR3738, Paris, 75015, France
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Rossi SH, Newsham I, Pita S, Brennan K, Park G, Smith CG, Lach RP, Mitchell T, Huang J, Babbage A, Warren AY, Leppert JT, Stewart GD, Gevaert O, Massie CE, Samarajiwa SA. Accurate detection of benign and malignant renal tumor subtypes with MethylBoostER: An epigenetic marker-driven learning framework. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabn9828. [PMID: 36170366 PMCID: PMC9519038 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abn9828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Current gold standard diagnostic strategies are unable to accurately differentiate malignant from benign small renal masses preoperatively; consequently, 20% of patients undergo unnecessary surgery. Devising a more confident presurgical diagnosis is key to improving treatment decision-making. We therefore developed MethylBoostER, a machine learning model leveraging DNA methylation data from 1228 tissue samples, to classify pathological subtypes of renal tumors (benign oncocytoma, clear cell, papillary, and chromophobe RCC) and normal kidney. The prediction accuracy in the testing set was 0.960, with class-wise ROC AUCs >0.988 for all classes. External validation was performed on >500 samples from four independent datasets, achieving AUCs >0.89 for all classes and average accuracies of 0.824, 0.703, 0.875, and 0.894 for the four datasets. Furthermore, consistent classification of multiregion samples (N = 185) from the same patient demonstrates that methylation heterogeneity does not limit model applicability. Following further clinical studies, MethylBoostER could facilitate a more confident presurgical diagnosis to guide treatment decision-making in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina H. Rossi
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Hutchison–MRC Research Centre, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
- Early Cancer Institute, Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Izzy Newsham
- MRC Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Hutchison–MRC Research Centre, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sara Pita
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Hutchison–MRC Research Centre, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
- Early Cancer Institute, Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kevin Brennan
- Stanford Centre for Biomedical Informatics Research, Department of Medicine and Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Gahee Park
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Hutchison–MRC Research Centre, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
- Early Cancer Institute, Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Christopher G. Smith
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Cancer Research UK Major Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | - Radoslaw P. Lach
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Hutchison–MRC Research Centre, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
- Early Cancer Institute, Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Thomas Mitchell
- Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Junfan Huang
- MRC Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Hutchison–MRC Research Centre, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Anne Babbage
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Hutchison–MRC Research Centre, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
- Early Cancer Institute, Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Anne Y. Warren
- Department of Histopathology, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - John T. Leppert
- Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Urology Surgical Service, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Grant D. Stewart
- Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Olivier Gevaert
- Stanford Centre for Biomedical Informatics Research, Department of Medicine and Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Charles E. Massie
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Hutchison–MRC Research Centre, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
- Early Cancer Institute, Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Shamith A. Samarajiwa
- MRC Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Hutchison–MRC Research Centre, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
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Świerczek-Lasek B, Dudka D, Bauer D, Czajkowski T, Ilach K, Streminska W, Kominek A, Piwocka K, Ciemerych MA, Archacka K. Comparison of Differentiation Pattern and WNT/SHH Signaling in Pluripotent Stem Cells Cultured under Different Conditions. Cells 2021; 10:cells10102743. [PMID: 34685722 PMCID: PMC8534321 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) are characterized by the ability to self-renew as well as undergo multidirectional differentiation. Culture conditions have a pivotal influence on differentiation pattern. In the current study, we compared the fate of mouse PSCs using two culture media: (1) chemically defined, free of animal reagents, and (2) standard one relying on the serum supplementation. Moreover, we assessed the influence of selected regulators (WNTs, SHH) on PSC differentiation. We showed that the differentiation pattern of PSCs cultured in both systems differed significantly: cells cultured in chemically defined medium preferentially underwent ectodermal conversion while their endo- and mesodermal differentiation was limited, contrary to cells cultured in serum-supplemented medium. More efficient ectodermal differentiation of PSCs cultured in chemically defined medium correlated with higher activity of SHH pathway while endodermal and mesodermal conversion of cells cultured in serum-supplemented medium with higher activity of WNT/JNK pathway. However, inhibition of either canonical or noncanonical WNT pathway resulted in the limitation of endo- and mesodermal conversion of PSCs. In addition, blocking WNT secretion led to the inhibition of PSC mesodermal differentiation, confirming the pivotal role of WNT signaling in this process. In contrast, SHH turned out to be an inducer of PSC ectodermal, not mesodermal differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Świerczek-Lasek
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland; (B.Ś.-L.); (D.D.); (D.B.); (T.C.); (K.I.); (W.S.); (M.A.C.)
| | - Damian Dudka
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland; (B.Ś.-L.); (D.D.); (D.B.); (T.C.); (K.I.); (W.S.); (M.A.C.)
| | - Damian Bauer
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland; (B.Ś.-L.); (D.D.); (D.B.); (T.C.); (K.I.); (W.S.); (M.A.C.)
| | - Tomasz Czajkowski
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland; (B.Ś.-L.); (D.D.); (D.B.); (T.C.); (K.I.); (W.S.); (M.A.C.)
| | - Katarzyna Ilach
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland; (B.Ś.-L.); (D.D.); (D.B.); (T.C.); (K.I.); (W.S.); (M.A.C.)
| | - Władysława Streminska
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland; (B.Ś.-L.); (D.D.); (D.B.); (T.C.); (K.I.); (W.S.); (M.A.C.)
| | - Agata Kominek
- Laboratory of Cytometry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland; (A.K.); (K.P.)
| | - Katarzyna Piwocka
- Laboratory of Cytometry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland; (A.K.); (K.P.)
| | - Maria A. Ciemerych
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland; (B.Ś.-L.); (D.D.); (D.B.); (T.C.); (K.I.); (W.S.); (M.A.C.)
| | - Karolina Archacka
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland; (B.Ś.-L.); (D.D.); (D.B.); (T.C.); (K.I.); (W.S.); (M.A.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-22-55-42-203
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7
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Mann N, Mzoughi S, Schneider R, Kühl SJ, Schanze D, Klämbt V, Lovric S, Mao Y, Shi S, Tan W, Kühl M, Onuchic-Whitford AC, Treimer E, Kitzler TM, Kause F, Schumann S, Nakayama M, Buerger F, Shril S, van der Ven AT, Majmundar AJ, Holton KM, Kolb A, Braun DA, Rao J, Jobst-Schwan T, Mildenberger E, Lennert T, Kuechler A, Wieczorek D, Gross O, Ermisch-Omran B, Werberger A, Skalej M, Janecke AR, Soliman NA, Mane SM, Lifton RP, Kadlec J, Guccione E, Schmeisser MJ, Zenker M, Hildebrandt F. Mutations in PRDM15 Are a Novel Cause of Galloway-Mowat Syndrome. J Am Soc Nephrol 2021; 32:580-596. [PMID: 33593823 PMCID: PMC7920168 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2020040490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Galloway-Mowat syndrome (GAMOS) is characterized by neurodevelopmental defects and a progressive nephropathy, which typically manifests as steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome. The prognosis of GAMOS is poor, and the majority of children progress to renal failure. The discovery of monogenic causes of GAMOS has uncovered molecular pathways involved in the pathogenesis of disease. METHODS Homozygosity mapping, whole-exome sequencing, and linkage analysis were used to identify mutations in four families with a GAMOS-like phenotype, and high-throughput PCR technology was applied to 91 individuals with GAMOS and 816 individuals with isolated nephrotic syndrome. In vitro and in vivo studies determined the functional significance of the mutations identified. RESULTS Three biallelic variants of the transcriptional regulator PRDM15 were detected in six families with proteinuric kidney disease. Four families with a variant in the protein's zinc-finger (ZNF) domain have additional GAMOS-like features, including brain anomalies, cardiac defects, and skeletal defects. All variants destabilize the PRDM15 protein, and the ZNF variant additionally interferes with transcriptional activation. Morpholino oligonucleotide-mediated knockdown of Prdm15 in Xenopus embryos disrupted pronephric development. Human wild-type PRDM15 RNA rescued the disruption, but the three PRDM15 variants did not. Finally, CRISPR-mediated knockout of PRDM15 in human podocytes led to dysregulation of several renal developmental genes. CONCLUSIONS Variants in PRDM15 can cause either isolated nephrotic syndrome or a GAMOS-type syndrome on an allelic basis. PRDM15 regulates multiple developmental kidney genes, and is likely to play an essential role in renal development in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Mann
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Slim Mzoughi
- Methyltransferases in Development and Disease Group, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
- Mount Sinai Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Departments of Pharmacological Sciences and Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Ronen Schneider
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Susanne J Kühl
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Denny Schanze
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Verena Klämbt
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Svjetlana Lovric
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Youying Mao
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Shasha Shi
- Grenoble Alpes University, National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS), French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA), Institute of Structural Biology, Grenoble, France
| | - Weizhen Tan
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Michael Kühl
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Ana C Onuchic-Whitford
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ernestine Treimer
- Institute for Microscopic Anatomy and Neurobiology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas M Kitzler
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Franziska Kause
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sven Schumann
- Institute for Microscopic Anatomy and Neurobiology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Makiko Nakayama
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Florian Buerger
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Shirlee Shril
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Amelie T van der Ven
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Amar J Majmundar
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Amy Kolb
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Daniela A Braun
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jia Rao
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Tilman Jobst-Schwan
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Eva Mildenberger
- Division of Neonatology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas Lennert
- Department of Pediatrics, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alma Kuechler
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Dagmar Wieczorek
- Institute of Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Oliver Gross
- Clinic of Nephrology and Rheumatology, University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Beate Ermisch-Omran
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Children's Hospital, Münster, Germany
| | - Anja Werberger
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Martin Skalej
- Institute of Neuroradiology, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Andreas R Janecke
- Department of Pediatrics I, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Neveen A Soliman
- Department of Pediatrics, Center of Pediatric Nephrology and Transplantation, Kasr Al Ainy School of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- The Egyption Group for Orphan Renal Diseases (EGORD), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Shrikant M Mane
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Richard P Lifton
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
- Laboratory of Human Genetics and Genomics, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York
| | - Jan Kadlec
- Grenoble Alpes University, National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS), French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA), Institute of Structural Biology, Grenoble, France
| | - Ernesto Guccione
- Methyltransferases in Development and Disease Group, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
- Mount Sinai Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Departments of Pharmacological Sciences and Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Michael J Schmeisser
- Institute for Microscopic Anatomy and Neurobiology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Focus Program Translational Neurosciences, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Martin Zenker
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Friedhelm Hildebrandt
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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8
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Gao J, Shen W. Xenopus in revealing developmental toxicity and modeling human diseases. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 268:115809. [PMID: 33096388 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The Xenopus model offers many advantages for investigation of the molecular, cellular, and behavioral mechanisms underlying embryo development. Moreover, Xenopus oocytes and embryos have been extensively used to study developmental toxicity and human diseases in response to various environmental chemicals. This review first summarizes recent advances in using Xenopus as a vertebrate model to study distinct types of tissue/organ development following exposure to environmental toxicants, chemical reagents, and pharmaceutical drugs. Then, the successful use of Xenopus as a model for diseases, including fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, autism, epilepsy, and cardiovascular disease, is reviewed. The potential application of Xenopus in genetic and chemical screening to protect against embryo deficits induced by chemical toxicants and related diseases is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanmei Gao
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Organ Development and Regeneration, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China; College of Life and Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Wanhua Shen
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Organ Development and Regeneration, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China.
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9
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Activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule expression correlates with the WNT subgroup in medulloblastoma and is involved in regulating tumor cell proliferation and invasion. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0243272. [PMID: 33270750 PMCID: PMC7714159 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0243272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cluster of differentiation (CD) 166 or activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM) is a transmembrane molecule known to be an intercellular adhesion factor. The expression and function of ALCAM in medulloblastoma (MB), a pediatric brain tumor with highly advanced molecular genetics, remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to clarify the significance and functional role of ALCAM expression in MB. ALCAM expression in 45 patients with MB was evaluated by immunohistochemical analysis of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded clinical specimens and the relationship between ALCAM expression and pathological type/molecular subgroup, such as WNT, SHH, Group 3, and Group 4, was examined. Eight ALCAM positive (18%), seven partially positive (16%), and 30 negative (67%) cases were detected. All seven cases of the WNT molecular subgroup were ALCAM positive and ALCAM expression strongly correlated with this subgroup (P < 0.0001). In addition, functional studies using MB cell lines revealed ALCAM expression affected proliferation and migration as a positive regulator in vitro. However, ALCAM silencing did not affect survival or the formation of leptomeningeal dissemination in an orthotopic mouse model, but did induce a malignant phenotype with increased tumor cell invasion at the dissemination sites (P = 0.0029). In conclusion, our results revealed that ALCAM exhibited highly specific expression in the WNT subgroup of MB. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the cell kinetics of MB cell lines can be altered by the expression of ALCAM.
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10
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Meng P, Zhu M, Ling X, Zhou L. Wnt signaling in kidney: the initiator or terminator? J Mol Med (Berl) 2020; 98:1511-1523. [PMID: 32939578 PMCID: PMC7591426 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-020-01978-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The kidney is a key organ in the human body that excretes toxins and sustains the water-electrolyte balance. During embryonic development and disease progression, the kidney undergoes enormous changes in macrostructure, accompanied by a variety of microstructural histological changes, such as glomerular formation and sclerosis, tubule elongation and atrophy, interstitial establishment, and fibrosis progression. All of these rely on the frequent occurrence of cell death and growth. Notably, to overcome disease, some cells regenerate through self-repair or progenitor cell differentiation. However, the signaling mechanisms underlying kidney development and regeneration have not been elucidated. Recently, Wnt signaling has been noted to play an important role. Although it is a well-known developmental signal, the role of Wnt signaling in kidney development and regeneration is not well recognized. In this review, we review the role of Wnt signaling in kidney embryonic development, tissue repair, cell division, and progenitor cell differentiation after injury. Moreover, we briefly highlight advances in our understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms of Wnt signaling in mediating cellular senescence in kidney parenchymal and stem cells, an irreversible arrest of cell proliferation blocking tissue repair and regeneration. We also highlight the therapeutic targets of Wnt signaling in kidney diseases and provide important clues for clinical strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Ave, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- Department of Nephrology, Huadu District People's Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingsheng Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, The People's Hospital of Gaozhou, Maoming, China
| | - Xian Ling
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Ave, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Lili Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Ave, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
- Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, China.
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11
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The role of activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM) in cancer progression, invasion, metastasis and recurrence: A novel cancer stem cell marker and tumor-specific prognostic marker. Exp Mol Pathol 2020; 115:104443. [PMID: 32380056 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2020.104443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM) or CD166 is a 100 to 105 KDa transmembrane immunoglobulin which is involved in activation of T-cells, hematopoiesis, neutrophils trans-endothelial migration, angiogenesis, inflammation and tumor propagation and invasiveness through formation of homophilic and heterophilic interactions. Recently, many studies have proposed that the expression pattern of ALCAM is highly associated with the grade, stage and invasiveness of tumors. Although ALCAM is a valuable prognostic marker in different carcinomas, similar expression patterns in different tumor types may be associated with completely different prognostic states, making it to be a tumor-type-dependent prognostic marker. In addition, ALCAM isoforms provide ways for primary detection of tumor cells with metastatic potential. More importantly, this prognostic marker has shown to be considerably dependent on the cytoplasmic and membranous expression, indirect and direct regulation of post-transcriptional molecules, pro-apoptotic proteins functionalities and several other oncogenic proteins or signalling pathways. This review mainly focuses on the pathways involved in expression of ALCAM and its prognostic value of in different types of cancers and the way in which it is regulated.
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12
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Pi L, Zhang Z, Gu Y, Wang X, Wang J, Xu J, Liu J, Zhang X, Du J. DNA methylation profiling in recurrent miscarriage. PeerJ 2020; 8:e8196. [PMID: 31938574 PMCID: PMC6953351 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.8196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Recurrent miscarriage (RM) is a complex clinical problem. However, specific diagnostic biomarkers and candidate regulatory targets have not yet been identified. To explore RM-related biological markers and processes, we performed a genome-wide DNA methylation analysis using the Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation450 array platform. Methylation variable positions and differentially methylated regions (DMRs) were selected using the Limma package in R language. Thereafter, gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis and pathway enrichment analysis were performed on these DMRs. A total of 1,799 DMRs were filtered out between patients with RM and healthy pregnant women. The GO terms were mainly related to system development, plasma membrane part, and sequence-specific DNA binding, while the enriched pathways included cell adhesion molecules, type I diabetes mellitus, and ECM–receptor interactions. In addition, genes, including ABR, ALCAM, HLA-E, HLA-G, and ISG15, were obtained. These genes may be potential candidates for diagnostic biomarkers and possible regulatory targets in RM. We then detected the mRNA expression levels of the candidate genes. The mRNA expression levels of the candidate genes in the RM group were significantly higher than those in the control group. However, additional research is still required to confirm their potential roles in the occurrence of RM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Pi
- NHC Key Lab. of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research), Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaofeng Zhang
- NHC Key Lab. of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research), Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Gu
- The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinyue Wang
- NHC Key Lab. of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research), Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianmei Wang
- The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jianhua Xu
- NHC Key Lab. of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research), Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junwei Liu
- NHC Key Lab. of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research), Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- NHC Key Lab. of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research), Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Du
- NHC Key Lab. of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research), Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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13
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A novel dual reporter embryonic stem cell line for toxicological assessment of teratogen-induced perturbation of anterior-posterior patterning of the heart. Arch Toxicol 2019; 94:631-645. [PMID: 31811323 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-019-02632-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Reliable in vitro models to assess developmental toxicity of drugs and chemicals would lead to improvement in fetal safety and a reduced cost of drug development. The validated embryonic stem cell test (EST) uses cardiac differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) to predict in vivo developmental toxicity, but does not take into account the stage-specific patterning of progenitor populations into anterior (ventricular) and posterior (atrial) compartments. In this study, we generated a novel dual reporter mESC line with fluorescent reporters under the control of anterior and posterior cardiac promoters. Reporter expression was observed in nascent compartments in transgenic mouse embryos, and mESCs were used to develop differentiation assays in which chemical modulators of Wnt (XAV939: 3, 10 µM), retinoic acid (all-trans retinoic acid: 0.1, 1, 10 µM; 9-cis retinoic acid: 0.1, 1, 10 µM; bexarotene 0.1, 1, 10 µM), and Tgf-β (SB431542: 3, 10 µM) pathways were tested for stage- and dose-dependent effects on in vitro anterior-posterior patterning. Our results suggest that with further development, the inclusion of anterior-posterior reporter expression could be part of a battery of high-throughput tests used to identify and characterize teratogens.
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14
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Holmquist Mengelbier L, Lindell-Munther S, Yasui H, Jansson C, Esfandyari J, Karlsson J, Lau K, Hui CC, Bexell D, Hopyan S, Gisselsson D. The Iroquois homeobox proteins IRX3 and IRX5 have distinct roles in Wilms tumour development and human nephrogenesis. J Pathol 2018; 247:86-98. [PMID: 30246301 PMCID: PMC6588170 DOI: 10.1002/path.5171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Wilms tumour is a paediatric malignancy with features of halted kidney development. Here, we demonstrate that the Iroquois homeobox genes IRX3 and IRX5 are essential for mammalian nephrogenesis and govern the differentiation of Wilms tumour. Knock‐out Irx3−/Irx5− mice showed a strongly reduced embryonic nephron formation. In human foetal kidney and Wilms tumour, IRX5 expression was already activated in early proliferative blastema, whereas IRX3 protein levels peaked at tubular differentiation. Accordingly, an orthotopic xenograft mouse model of Wilms tumour showed that IRX3−/− cells formed bulky renal tumours dominated by immature mesenchyme and active canonical WNT/β‐catenin‐signalling. In contrast, IRX5−/− cells displayed activation of Hippo and non‐canonical WNT‐signalling and generated small tumours with abundant tubulogenesis. Our findings suggest that promotion of IRX3 signalling or inhibition of IRX5 signalling could be a route towards differentiation therapy for Wilms tumour, in which WNT5A is a candidate molecule for enforced tubular maturation. © 2018 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Simon Lindell-Munther
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Hiroaki Yasui
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Caroline Jansson
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Javanshir Esfandyari
- Division of Translational Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jenny Karlsson
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Kimberly Lau
- Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Chi-Chung Hui
- Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Daniel Bexell
- Division of Translational Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Sevan Hopyan
- Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - David Gisselsson
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Department of Pathology, Laboratory Medicine, Medical Services, University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.,Division of Oncology and Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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15
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Takahashi C, Miyatake K, Kusakabe M, Nishida E. The atypical mitogen-activated protein kinase ERK3 is essential for establishment of epithelial architecture. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:8342-8361. [PMID: 29674317 PMCID: PMC5986203 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra117.000992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Revised: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelia contribute to physical barriers that protect internal tissues from the external environment and also support organ structure. Accordingly, establishment and maintenance of epithelial architecture are essential for both embryonic development and adult physiology. Here, using gene knockout and knockdown techniques along with gene profiling, we show that extracellular signal-regulated kinase 3 (ERK3), a poorly characterized atypical mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), regulates the epithelial architecture in vertebrates. We found that in Xenopus embryonic epidermal epithelia, ERK3 knockdown impairs adherens and tight-junction protein distribution, as well as tight-junction barrier function, resulting in epidermal breakdown. Moreover, in human epithelial breast cancer cells, inhibition of ERK3 expression induced thickened epithelia with aberrant adherens and tight junctions. Results from microarray analyses suggested that transcription factor AP-2α (TFAP2A), a transcriptional regulator important for epithelial gene expression, is involved in ERK3-dependent changes in gene expression. Of note, TFAP2A knockdown phenocopied ERK3 knockdown in both Xenopus embryos and human cells, and ERK3 was required for full activation of TFAP2A-dependent transcription. Our findings reveal that ERK3 regulates epithelial architecture, possibly together with TFAP2A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chika Takahashi
- From the Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan and
| | - Koichi Miyatake
- From the Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan and
| | - Morioh Kusakabe
- From the Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan and
| | - Eisuke Nishida
- From the Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan and
- AMED-CREST, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, 1-7-1 Otemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-0004, Japan
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16
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Wnt5a-induced cell migration is associated with the aggressiveness of estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 9:20979-20992. [PMID: 29765514 PMCID: PMC5940389 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Elevated expression of Wnt5a is associated with malignancy, cell invasion, and metastasis. The role of Wnt5a expression in breast cancer remains elusive. We investigated the significance of Wnt5a expression in breast cancer. The relationship between Wnt5a expression and clinicopathologic factors was assessed in invasive breast cancer (n = 178) resected at Hiroshima University Hospital between January 2011 and February 2014. Wnt5a was expressed in 69 of 178 cases (39%) of invasive breast cancer and correlated strongly with estrogen receptor (ER) expression (P < 0.001). Wnt5a expression in ER-positive breast cancer correlated significantly with lymph node metastasis, nuclear grade, and lymphatic invasion. The recurrence-free survival was shorter in breast cancer patients with Wnt5a expression than in those without (P = 0.024). The migratory capacity of ER-positive breast cancer cells increased with constitutive expression of Wnt5a and decreased with Wnt5a knockdown. DNA microarray analysis identified activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM) as the primary gene induced by Wnt5a. ALCAM was expressed in 69% of Wnt5a-positive but only 27% of Wnt5a-negative cancers (κ = 0.444; P < 0.001). The inhibition of ALCAM reversed the enhanced migratory effect of Wnt5a, confirming the importance of this protein in the migration of ER-positive breast cancer cells. Wnt5a expression is related to high malignancy and a poor prognosis in ER-positive breast cancer. We suspect that Wnt5a expression increases the malignancy of breast cancer by increasing the migratory capacity of cancer cells through the induction of ALCAM expression.
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17
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He Y, Cai C, Sun S, Wang X, Li W, Li H. Effect of JNK inhibitor SP600125 on hair cell regeneration in zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae. Oncotarget 2018; 7:51640-51650. [PMID: 27438150 PMCID: PMC5239503 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The c-Jun amino-terminal kinase (JNK) proteins are a subgroup of the mitogen-activated protein kinase family. They play a complex role in cell proliferation, survival, and apoptosis. Here, we report a novel role of JNK signalling in hair cell regeneration. We eliminated hair cells of 5-day post-fertilization zebrafish larvae using neomycin followed by JNK inhibition with SP600125. JNK inhibition strongly decreased the number of regenerated hair cells in response to neomycin damage. These changes were associated with reduced proliferation. JNK inhibition also increased cleaved caspase-3 activity and induced apoptosis in regenerating neuromasts. Finally, JNK inhibition with SP600125 decreased the expression of genes related to Wnt. Over-activation of the Wnt signalling pathway partly rescued the hair cell regeneration defects induced by JNK inhibition. Together, our findings provide novel insights into the function of JNK and show that JNK inhibition blocks hair cell regeneration by controlling the Wnt signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingzi He
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Key Laboratory of Hearing Science, Ministry of Health, EENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Laboratory Center, Affiliated Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengfu Cai
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Shaoyang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenyan Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Key Laboratory of Hearing Science, Ministry of Health, EENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huawei Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Key Laboratory of Hearing Science, Ministry of Health, EENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Stem Cell and Regeneration Medicine, Institutions of Biomedical Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Hearing Science, Ministry of Health, EENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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18
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Peroxiredoxin1, a novel regulator of pronephros development, influences retinoic acid and Wnt signaling by controlling ROS levels. Sci Rep 2017; 7:8874. [PMID: 28827763 PMCID: PMC5567039 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09262-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Peroxiredoxin1 (Prdx1) is an antioxidant enzyme belonging to the peroxiredoxin family of proteins. Prdx1 catalyzes the reduction of H2O2 and alkyl hydroperoxide and plays an important role in different biological processes. Prdx1 also participates in various age-related diseases and cancers. In this study, we investigated the role of Prdx1 in pronephros development during embryogenesis. Prdx1 knockdown markedly inhibited proximal tubule formation in the pronephros and significantly increased the cellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which impaired primary cilia formation. Additionally, treatment with ROS (H2O2) severely disrupted proximal tubule formation, whereas Prdx1 overexpression reversed the ROS-mediated inhibition in proximal tubule formation. Epistatic analysis revealed that Prdx1 has a crucial role in retinoic acid and Wnt signaling pathways during pronephrogenesis. In conclusion, Prdx1 facilitates proximal tubule formation during pronephrogenesis by regulating ROS levels.
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19
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Seigfried FA, Cizelsky W, Pfister AS, Dietmann P, Walther P, Kühl M, Kühl SJ. Frizzled 3 acts upstream of Alcam during embryonic eye development. Dev Biol 2017; 426:69-83. [PMID: 28427856 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2017.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Revised: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 04/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Formation of a functional eye during vertebrate embryogenesis requires different processes such as cell differentiation, cell migration, cell-cell interactions as well as intracellular signalling processes. It was previously shown that the non-canonical Wnt receptor Frizzled 3 (Fzd3) is required for proper eye formation, however, the underlying mechanism is poorly understood. Here we demonstrate that loss of Fzd3 induces severe malformations of the developing eye and that this defect is phenocopied by loss of the activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (Alcam). Promoter analysis revealed the presence of a Fzd3 responsive element within the alcam promoter, which is responsible for alcam expression during anterior neural development. In-depth analysis identified the jun N-terminal protein kinase 1 (JNK1) and the transcription factor paired box 2 (Pax2) to be important for the activation of alcam expression. Altogether our study reveals that alcam is activated through non-canonical Wnt signalling during embryonic eye development in Xenopus laevis and shows that this pathway plays a similar role in different tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska A Seigfried
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany; International Graduate School in Molecular Medicine Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany; Tissue Homeostasis Joint-PhD-Programme in Cooperation with the University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Wiebke Cizelsky
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany; International Graduate School in Molecular Medicine Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Astrid S Pfister
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Petra Dietmann
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Paul Walther
- Central Facility for Electron Microscopy, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, D-89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Michael Kühl
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Susanne J Kühl
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
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20
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Hempel A, Kühl SJ, Rothe M, Rao Tata P, Sirbu IO, Vainio SJ, Kühl M. The CapZ interacting protein Rcsd1 is required for cardiogenesis downstream of Wnt11a in Xenopus laevis. Dev Biol 2017; 424:28-39. [PMID: 28237811 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2017.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Revised: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Wnt proteins are critical for embryonic cardiogenesis and cardiomyogenesis by regulating different intracellular signalling pathways. Whereas canonical Wnt/β-catenin signalling is required for mesoderm induction and proliferation of cardiac progenitor cells, β-catenin independent, non-canonical Wnt signalling regulates cardiac specification and terminal differentiation. Although the diverse cardiac malformations associated with the loss of non-canonical Wnt11 in mice such as outflow tract (OFT) defects, reduced ventricular trabeculation, myofibrillar disorganization and reduced cardiac marker gene expression are well described, the underlying molecular mechanisms are still not completely understood. Here we aimed to further characterize Wnt11 mediated signal transduction during vertebrate cardiogenesis. Using Xenopus as a model system, we show by loss of function and corresponding rescue experiments that the non-canonical Wnt signalling mediator Rcsd1 is required downstream of Wnt11 for ventricular trabeculation, terminal differentiation of cardiomyocytes and cardiac morphogenesis. We here place Rcsd1 downstream of Wnt11 during cardiac development thereby providing a novel mechanism for how non-canonical Wnt signalling regulates vertebrate cardiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annemarie Hempel
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, D-89081 Ulm, Germany; International Graduate School in Molecular Medicine Ulm, IGradU, Ulm University, 89069 Ulm, Germany
| | - Susanne J Kühl
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, D-89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Melanie Rothe
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, D-89081 Ulm, Germany; International Graduate School in Molecular Medicine Ulm, IGradU, Ulm University, 89069 Ulm, Germany
| | - Purushothama Rao Tata
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, D-89081 Ulm, Germany; International Graduate School in Molecular Medicine Ulm, IGradU, Ulm University, 89069 Ulm, Germany
| | - Ioan Ovidiu Sirbu
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, D-89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Seppo J Vainio
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, BioCenter Oulu and InfoTech Oulu,University of Oulu, Aapistie 5, FIN-90014, Finland
| | - Michael Kühl
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, D-89081 Ulm, Germany.
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21
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Houssin NS, Bharathan NK, Turner SD, Dickinson AJG. Role of JNK during buccopharyngeal membrane perforation, the last step of embryonic mouth formation. Dev Dyn 2016; 246:100-115. [PMID: 28032936 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.24470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Revised: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The buccopharyngeal membrane is a thin layer of cells covering the embryonic mouth. The perforation of this structure creates an opening connecting the external and the digestive tube which is essential for oral cavity formation. In humans, persistence of the buccopharyngeal membrane can lead to orofacial defects such as choanal atresia, oral synechiaes, and cleft palate. Little is known about the causes of a persistent buccopharyngeal membrane and, importantly, how this structure ruptures. RESULTS We have determined, using antisense and pharmacological approaches, that Xenopus embryos deficient c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling have a persistent buccopharyngeal membrane. JNK deficient embryos have decreased cell division and increased cellular stress and apoptosis. However, altering these processes independently of JNK did not affect buccopharyngeal membrane perforation. JNK deficient embryos also have increased intercellular adhesion and defects in e-cadherin localization. Conversely, embryos with overactive JNK have epidermal fragility, increased E-cadherin internalization, and increased membrane localized clathrin. In the buccopharyngeal membrane, clathrin is colocalized with active JNK. Furthermore, inhibition of endocytosis results in a persistent buccopharyngeal membrane, mimicking the JNK deficient phenotype. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study suggest that JNK has a role in the disassembly adherens junctions by means of endocytosis that is required during buccopharyngeal membrane perforation. Developmental Dynamics 246:100-115, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie S Houssin
- Department of Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | | | - Stephen D Turner
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia
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22
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Huang L, Jin Y, Feng S, Zou Y, Xu S, Qiu S, Li L, Zheng J. Role of Wnt/β-catenin, Wnt/c-Jun N-terminal kinase and Wnt/Ca 2+ pathways in cisplatin-induced chemoresistance in ovarian cancer. Exp Ther Med 2016; 12:3851-3858. [PMID: 28101169 PMCID: PMC5228322 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2016.3885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to explore the expression of Wnt signaling proteins β-catenin, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) in ovarian cancer cells, and assess the correlation between this expression and cisplatin-induced chemoresistance. SKOV3 ovarian carcinoma cells and SKOV3/DDP (cisplatin resistant) cells were treated with cisplatin in the absence or presence of a Wnt signaling activator (CHIR-99021, glycogen synthase kinase 3β inhibitor) or inhibitor (XAV-939, tankyrase inhibitor). Following incubation for 48 h, cell viability, proliferation and cytotoxicity were measured using a sensitive colorimetric cell counting kit. Expression levels of β-catenin, JNK and CaMKII were detected by western blot and immunofluorescence staining. The results of the current study identified that β-catenin and JNK expression levels were significantly higher (P<0.01 and P<0.05 respectively), while CaMKII expression was lower (P>0.05), in SKOV3/DDP cells compared with SKOV3 cells. Moreover, following treatment with 20 µM cisplatin, reduced expression of β-catenin and JNK (P<0.05 and P<0.01 respectively), and increased expression of CaMKII (P<0.01), was observed in SKOV3 and SKOV3/DPP cell lines. Furthermore, inhibition of β-catenin signaling by XAV-939 effectively reversed cisplatin chemoresistance in SKOV3/DDP cells. Similarly, XAV-939 downregulated JNK expression (P<0.001), but upregulated CaMKII expression (P<0.001), in SKOV3/DDP cells. In conclusion, abnormal activation of Wnt/β-catenin and Wnt/JNK signaling pathways in ovarian cancer cells promotes cisplatin resistance, while the Wnt/Ca2+ signaling pathway reduces cisplatin resistance. This indicates that β-catenin, JNK and CaMKII are potential therapeutic targets in chemoresistant ovarian cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Ye Jin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Shujun Feng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Yuqing Zou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Sainan Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Shuang Qiu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Computing, Brain Cognition Computing Lab, University of Kent, Kent CT2 7NZ, UK
| | - Jianhua Zheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
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23
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Mazzotta S, Neves C, Bonner RJ, Bernardo AS, Docherty K, Hoppler S. Distinctive Roles of Canonical and Noncanonical Wnt Signaling in Human Embryonic Cardiomyocyte Development. Stem Cell Reports 2016; 7:764-776. [PMID: 27641648 PMCID: PMC5063467 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2016.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Revised: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Wnt signaling is a key regulator of vertebrate heart development; however, specific roles for human cardiomyocyte development remain uncertain. Here we use human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) to analyze systematically in human cardiomyocyte development the expression of endogenous Wnt signaling components, monitor pathway activity, and dissect stage-specific requirements for canonical and noncanonical Wnt signaling mechanisms using small-molecule inhibitors. Our analysis suggests that WNT3 and WNT8A, via FZD7 and canonical signaling, regulate BRACHYURY expression and mesoderm induction; that WNT5A/5B, via ROR2 and noncanonical signaling, regulate MESP1 expression and cardiovascular development; and that later in development WNT2, WNT5A/5B, and WNT11, via FZD4 and FZD6, regulate functional cardiomyocyte differentiation via noncanonical Wnt signaling. Our findings confirm in human development previously proposed roles for canonical Wnt signaling in sequential stages of vertebrate cardiomyogenesis, and identify more precise roles for noncanonical signaling and for individual Wnt signal and Wnt receptor genes in human cardiomyocyte development. hESCs were used to study Wnt signaling during human cardiomyocyte development Previously proposed roles for canonical Wnt signaling were confirmed in human Specific roles for noncanonical Wnt signaling were identified in cardiomyogenesis Individual Wnt signal and receptor genes were identified in human cardiomyogenesis
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Mazzotta
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Carlos Neves
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Rory J Bonner
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Andreia S Bernardo
- The Francis Crick Institute, Mill Hill Laboratory, London NW7 1AA, UK; Anne McLaren Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, University of Cambridge, West Forvie Building, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0SZ, UK
| | - Kevin Docherty
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Stefan Hoppler
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK.
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24
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Xiao M, Wang X, Yan M, Chen W. A systematic evaluation for the potential translation of CD166-related expression as a cancer biomarker. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2016; 16:925-32. [PMID: 27398729 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2016.1211932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Xiao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head & Neck Oncology and Faculty of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head & Neck Oncology and Faculty of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming Yan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head & Neck Oncology and Faculty of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Wantao Chen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head & Neck Oncology and Faculty of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
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25
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Yadav S, Tapadia MG. Expression of polyQ aggregates in Malpighian tubules leads to degeneration in Drosophila melanogaster. Dev Biol 2016; 409:166-180. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2015.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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26
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Kwon IK, Lee SC, Hwang YS, Heo JS. Mitochondrial function contributes to oxysterol-induced osteogenic differentiation in mouse embryonic stem cells. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2015; 1853:561-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2014.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2014] [Revised: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 12/10/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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