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Rajan A, Fame RM. Brain development and bioenergetic changes. Neurobiol Dis 2024; 199:106550. [PMID: 38849103 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2024.106550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Bioenergetics describe the biochemical processes responsible for energy supply in organisms. When these changes become dysregulated in brain development, multiple neurodevelopmental diseases can occur, implicating bioenergetics as key regulators of neural development. Historically, the discovery of disease processes affecting individual stages of brain development has revealed critical roles that bioenergetics play in generating the nervous system. Bioenergetic-dependent neurodevelopmental disorders include neural tube closure defects, microcephaly, intellectual disability, autism spectrum disorders, epilepsy, mTORopathies, and oncogenic processes. Developmental timing and cell-type specificity of these changes determine the long-term effects of bioenergetic disease mechanisms on brain form and function. Here, we discuss key metabolic regulators of neural progenitor specification, neuronal differentiation (neurogenesis), and gliogenesis. In general, transitions between glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation are regulated in early brain development and in oncogenesis, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial maturity play key roles later in differentiation. We also discuss how bioenergetics interface with the developmental regulation of other key neural elements, including the cerebrospinal fluid brain environment. While questions remain about the interplay between bioenergetics and brain development, this review integrates the current state of known key intersections between these processes in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arjun Rajan
- Developmental Biology Graduate Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Ryann M Fame
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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2
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Meng X, Mao H, Wan M, Lu L, Chen Z, Zhang L. Mitochondrial homeostasis in odontoblast: Physiology, pathogenesis and targeting strategies. Life Sci 2024; 352:122797. [PMID: 38917871 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Caries and pulpitis remain a major global disease burden and affect the quality of life of patients. Odontoblasts are key players in the progression of caries and pulpitis, not only secreting and mineralizing to form dentin, but also acting as a wall of defense to initiate immune defenses. Mitochondrion is an information processor for numerous cellular activities, and dysregulation of mitochondrion homeostasis not only affects cellular metabolism but also triggers a wide range of diseases. Elucidating mitochondrial homeostasis in odontoblasts can help deepen scholars' understanding of odontoblast-associated diseases. Articles on mitochondrial homeostasis in odontoblasts were evaluated for information pertinent to include in this narrative review. This narrative review focused on understanding the complex interplay between mitochondrial homeostasis in odontoblasts under physiological and pathological conditions. Furthermore, mitochondria-centered therapeutic strategies (including mitochondrial base editing, targeting platforms, and mitochondrial transplantation) were emphasized by resolving key genes that regulate mitochondrial function. Mitochondria are involved in odontoblast differentiation and function, and act as mitochondrial danger-associated molecular patterns (mtDAMPs) to mediate odontoblast pathological progression. Novel mitochondria-centered therapeutic strategies are particularly attractive as emerging therapeutic approaches for the maintenance of mitochondrial homeostasis. It is expected to probe key events of odontoblast differentiation and advance the clinical resolution of dentin formation and mineralization disorders and odontoblast-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China.
| | - Hanqing Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China.
| | - Minting Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China.
| | - Linxin Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China.
| | - Zhi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China; Department of Endodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, HongShan District, LuoYu Road No. 237, Wuhan 430079, China.
| | - Lu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China; Department of Endodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, HongShan District, LuoYu Road No. 237, Wuhan 430079, China.
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3
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Bourebaba L, Bourebaba N, Galuppo L, Marycz K. Artificial mitochondrial transplantation (AMT) reverses aging of mesenchymal stromal cells and improves their immunomodulatory properties in LPS-induced synoviocytes inflammation. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2024; 1871:119806. [PMID: 39098401 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2024.119806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
Nowadays, regenerative medicine techniques are usually based on the application of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) for the repair or restoration of injured damaged tissues. However, the effectiveness of autologous therapy is limited as therapeutic potential of MSCs declines due to patient's age, health condition and prolonged in vitro cultivation as a result of decreased growth rate. For that reason, there is an urgent need to develop strategies enabling the in vitro rejuvenation of MSCs prior transplantation in order to enhance their in vivo therapeutic efficiency. In presented study, we attempted to mimic the naturally occurring mitochondrial transfer (MT) between neighbouring cells and verify whether artificial MT (AMT) could reverse MSCs aging and improve their biological properties. For that reason, mitochondria were isolated from healthy donor equine adipose-derived stromal cells (ASCs) and transferred into metabolically impaired recipient ASCs derived from equine metabolic syndrome (EMS) affected horses, which were subsequently subjected to various analytical methods in order to verify the cellular and molecular outcomes of the applied AMT. Mitochondria recipient cells were characterized by decreased apoptosis, senescence and endoplasmic reticulum stress while insulin sensitivity was enhanced. Furthermore, we observed increased mitochondrial fragmentation and associated PARKIN protein accumulation, which indicates on the elimination of dysfunctional organelles via mitophagy. AMT further promoted physioxia and regulated autophagy fluxes. Additionally, rejuvenated ASCs displayed an improved anti-inflammatory activity toward LPS-stimulated synoviocytes. The presented findings highlight AMT as a promising alternative and effective method for MSCs rejuvenation, for potential application in autologous therapies in which MSCs properties are being strongly deteriorated due to patients' condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynda Bourebaba
- Department of Experimental Biology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 27B, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Nabila Bourebaba
- Department of Experimental Biology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 27B, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Larry Galuppo
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95516, United States
| | - Krzysztof Marycz
- Department of Experimental Biology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 27B, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland; Department of Veterinary Medicine and Epidemiology, Veterinary Institute for Regenerative Cures, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95516, United States.
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4
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Somasundaram I, Jain SM, Blot-Chabaud M, Pathak S, Banerjee A, Rawat S, Sharma NR, Duttaroy AK. Mitochondrial dysfunction and its association with age-related disorders. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1384966. [PMID: 39015222 PMCID: PMC11250148 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1384966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Aging is a complex process that features a functional decline in many organelles. Various factors influence the aging process, such as chromosomal abnormalities, epigenetic changes, telomere shortening, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Mitochondrial dysfunction significantly impacts aging because mitochondria regulate cellular energy, oxidative balance, and calcium levels. Mitochondrial integrity is maintained by mitophagy, which helps maintain cellular homeostasis, prevents ROS production, and protects against mtDNA damage. However, increased calcium uptake and oxidative stress can disrupt mitochondrial membrane potential and permeability, leading to the apoptotic cascade. This disruption causes increased production of free radicals, leading to oxidative modification and accumulation of mitochondrial DNA mutations, which contribute to cellular dysfunction and aging. Mitochondrial dysfunction, resulting from structural and functional changes, is linked to age-related degenerative diseases. This review focuses on mitochondrial dysfunction, its implications in aging and age-related disorders, and potential anti-aging strategies through targeting mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indumathi Somasundaram
- Biotechnology Engineering, Kolhapur Institute of Technology’s College of Engineering, Kolhapur, India
| | - Samatha M. Jain
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chennai, India
| | | | - Surajit Pathak
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chennai, India
| | - Antara Banerjee
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chennai, India
| | - Sonali Rawat
- Stem Cell Facility, DBT-Centre of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Neeta Raj Sharma
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, India
| | - Asim K. Duttaroy
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Casimir P, Iwata R, Vanderhaeghen P. Linking mitochondria metabolism, developmental timing, and human brain evolution. Curr Opin Genet Dev 2024; 86:102182. [PMID: 38555796 PMCID: PMC11190843 DOI: 10.1016/j.gde.2024.102182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Changes in developmental timing are an important factor of evolution in organ shape and function. This is particularly striking for human brain development, which, compared with other mammals, is considerably prolonged at the level of the cerebral cortex, resulting in brain neoteny. Here, we review recent findings that indicate that mitochondria and metabolism contribute to species differences in the tempo of cortical neuron development. Mitochondria display species-specific developmental timeline and metabolic activity patterns that are highly correlated with the speed of neuron maturation. Enhancing mitochondrial activity in human cortical neurons results in their accelerated maturation, while its reduction leads to decreased maturation rates in mouse neurons. Together with other global and gene-specific mechanisms, mitochondria thus act as a cellular hourglass of neuronal developmental tempo and may thereby contribute to species-specific features of human brain ontogeny.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Casimir
- VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Institut de Recherches en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire (IRIBHM), and ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), 1070 Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Brugmann, ULB, 1020 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ryohei Iwata
- VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium. https://twitter.com/@Ryo2Iwata
| | - Pierre Vanderhaeghen
- VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
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Jin X, Zhang R, Fu Y, Zhu Q, Hong L, Wu A, Wang H. Unveiling aging dynamics in the hematopoietic system insights from single-cell technologies. Brief Funct Genomics 2024:elae019. [PMID: 38688725 DOI: 10.1093/bfgp/elae019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
As the demographic structure shifts towards an aging society, strategies aimed at slowing down or reversing the aging process become increasingly essential. Aging is a major predisposing factor for many chronic diseases in humans. The hematopoietic system, comprising blood cells and their associated bone marrow microenvironment, intricately participates in hematopoiesis, coagulation, immune regulation and other physiological phenomena. The aging process triggers various alterations within the hematopoietic system, serving as a spectrum of risk factors for hematopoietic disorders, including clonal hematopoiesis, immune senescence, myeloproliferative neoplasms and leukemia. The emerging single-cell technologies provide novel insights into age-related changes in the hematopoietic system. In this review, we summarize recent studies dissecting hematopoietic system aging using single-cell technologies. We discuss cellular changes occurring during aging in the hematopoietic system at the levels of the genomics, transcriptomics, epigenomics, proteomics, metabolomics and spatial multi-omics. Finally, we contemplate the future prospects of single-cell technologies, emphasizing the impact they may bring to the field of hematopoietic system aging research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinrong Jin
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, The Third People's Hospital of Deqing, Deqing Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Ruohan Zhang
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, The Third People's Hospital of Deqing, Deqing Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Yunqi Fu
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, The Third People's Hospital of Deqing, Deqing Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Qiunan Zhu
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, The Third People's Hospital of Deqing, Deqing Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Liquan Hong
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, The Third People's Hospital of Deqing, Deqing Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Aiwei Wu
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, The Third People's Hospital of Deqing, Deqing Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Hu Wang
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, The Third People's Hospital of Deqing, Deqing Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
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7
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Zhou YT, Li S, Du SL, Zhao JH, Cai YQ, Zhang ZQ. The multifaceted role of macrophage mitophagy in SiO 2-induced pulmonary fibrosis: A brief review. J Appl Toxicol 2024. [PMID: 38644760 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Prolonged exposure to environments with high concentrations of crystalline silica (CS) can lead to silicosis. Macrophages play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of silicosis. In the process of silicosis, silica (SiO2) invades alveolar macrophages (AMs) and induces mitophagy which usually exists in three states: normal, excessive, and/or deficiency. Different mitophagy states lead to corresponding toxic responses, including successful macrophage repair, injury, necrosis, apoptosis, and even pulmonary fibrosis. This is a complex process accompanied by various cytokines. Unfortunately, the details have not been fully systematically summarized. Therefore, it is necessary to elucidate the role of macrophage mitophagy in SiO2-induced pulmonary fibrosis by systematic analysis on the literature reports. In this review, we first summarized the current data on the macrophage mitophagy in the development of SiO2-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Then, we introduce the molecular mechanism on how SiO2-induced mitophagy causes pulmonary fibrosis. Finally, we focus on introducing new therapies based on newly developed mitophagy-inducing strategies. We conclude that macrophage mitophagy plays a multifaceted role in the progression of SiO2-induced pulmonary fibrosis, and reprogramming the macrophage mitophagy state accordingly may be a potential means of preventing and treating pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ting Zhou
- Department of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Department of Public Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Shuang Li
- Department of Public Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Shu-Ling Du
- Department of Public Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Jia-Hui Zhao
- Department of Public Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | | | - Zhao-Qiang Zhang
- Department of Public Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
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8
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Martinez P, Baghli I, Gourjon G, Seyfried TN. Mitochondrial-Stem Cell Connection: Providing Additional Explanations for Understanding Cancer. Metabolites 2024; 14:229. [PMID: 38668357 PMCID: PMC11051897 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14040229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The cancer paradigm is generally based on the somatic mutation model, asserting that cancer is a disease of genetic origin. The mitochondrial-stem cell connection (MSCC) proposes that tumorigenesis may result from an alteration of the mitochondria, specifically a chronic oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos) insufficiency in stem cells, which forms cancer stem cells (CSCs) and leads to malignancy. Reviewed evidence suggests that the MSCC could provide a comprehensive understanding of all the different stages of cancer. The metabolism of cancer cells is altered (OxPhos insufficiency) and must be compensated by using the glycolysis and the glutaminolysis pathways, which are essential to their growth. The altered mitochondria regulate the tumor microenvironment, which is also necessary for cancer evolution. Therefore, the MSCC could help improve our understanding of tumorigenesis, metastases, the efficiency of standard treatments, and relapses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierrick Martinez
- Scientific and Osteopathic Research Department, Institut de Formation en Ostéopathie du Grand Avignon, 84140 Montfavet, France;
| | - Ilyes Baghli
- International Society for Orthomolecular Medicine, Toronto, ON M4B 3M9, Canada;
| | - Géraud Gourjon
- Scientific and Osteopathic Research Department, Institut de Formation en Ostéopathie du Grand Avignon, 84140 Montfavet, France;
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Zimmermann A, Madeo F, Diwan A, Sadoshima J, Sedej S, Kroemer G, Abdellatif M. Metabolic control of mitophagy. Eur J Clin Invest 2024; 54:e14138. [PMID: 38041247 DOI: 10.1111/eci.14138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is a major hallmark of ageing and related chronic disorders. Controlled removal of damaged mitochondria by the autophagic machinery, a process known as mitophagy, is vital for mitochondrial homeostasis and cell survival. The central role of mitochondria in cellular metabolism places mitochondrial removal at the interface of key metabolic pathways affecting the biosynthesis or catabolism of acetyl-coenzyme A, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, polyamines, as well as fatty acids and amino acids. Molecular switches that integrate the metabolic status of the cell, like AMP-dependent protein kinase, protein kinase A, mechanistic target of rapamycin and sirtuins, have also emerged as important regulators of mitophagy. In this review, we discuss how metabolic regulation intersects with mitophagy. We place special emphasis on the metabolic regulatory circuits that may be therapeutically targeted to delay ageing and mitochondria-associated chronic diseases. Moreover, we identify outstanding knowledge gaps, such as the ill-defined distinction between basal and damage-induced mitophagy, which must be resolved to boost progress in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Zimmermann
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Field of Excellence BioHealth-University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Frank Madeo
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Field of Excellence BioHealth-University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Abhinav Diwan
- Division of Cardiology and Center for Cardiovascular Research, Washington University School of Medicine, and John Cochran Veterans Affairs Medical Center, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Junichi Sadoshima
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | - Simon Sedej
- BioTechMed Graz, Graz, Austria
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Physiology, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Department of Biology, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Institut du Cancer Paris CARPEM, Paris, France
| | - Mahmoud Abdellatif
- BioTechMed Graz, Graz, Austria
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
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Chen C, Liu Q, Chen W, Gong Z, Kang B, Sui M, Huang L, Wang YJ. PRODH safeguards human naive pluripotency by limiting mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and reactive oxygen species production. EMBO Rep 2024; 25:2015-2044. [PMID: 38480845 PMCID: PMC11014864 DOI: 10.1038/s44319-024-00110-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Naive human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) that resemble the pre-implantation epiblasts are fueled by a combination of aerobic glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation, but their mitochondrial regulators are poorly understood. Here we report that, proline dehydrogenase (PRODH), a mitochondria-localized proline metabolism enzyme, is dramatically upregulated in naive hESCs compared to their primed counterparts. The upregulation of PRODH is induced by a reduction in c-Myc expression that is dependent on PD0325901, a MEK inhibitor routinely present in naive hESC culture media. PRODH knockdown in naive hESCs significantly promoted mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (mtOXPHOS) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production that triggered autophagy, DNA damage, and apoptosis. Remarkably, MitoQ, a mitochondria-targeted antioxidant, effectively restored the pluripotency and proliferation of PRODH-knockdown naive hESCs, indicating that PRODH maintains naive pluripotency by preventing excessive ROS production. Concomitantly, PRODH knockdown significantly slowed down the proteolytic degradation of multiple key mitochondrial electron transport chain complex proteins. Thus, we revealed a crucial role of PRODH in limiting mtOXPHOS and ROS production, and thereby safeguarding naive pluripotency of hESCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Chen
- Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, 312000, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Qianyu Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Wenjie Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310016, China
| | - Zhiyuan Gong
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Bo Kang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China
| | - Meihua Sui
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China.
| | - Liming Huang
- Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, 312000, China.
| | - Ying-Jie Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China.
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China.
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11
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Mourokh L, Friedman J. Mitochondria at the Nanoscale: Physics Meets Biology-What Does It Mean for Medicine? Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2835. [PMID: 38474079 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are commonly perceived as "cellular power plants". Intriguingly, power conversion is not their only function. In the first part of this paper, we review the role of mitochondria in the evolution of eukaryotic organisms and in the regulation of the human body, specifically focusing on cancer and autism in relation to mitochondrial dysfunction. In the second part, we overview our previous works, revealing the physical principles of operation for proton-pumping complexes in the inner mitochondrial membrane. Our proposed simple models reveal the physical mechanisms of energy exchange. They can be further expanded to answer open questions about mitochondrial functions and the medical treatment of diseases associated with mitochondrial disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lev Mourokh
- Physics Department, Queens College, The City University of New York, 65-30 Kissena Blvd. Flushing, New York, NY 11367, USA
| | - Jonathan Friedman
- Physics Department, Queens College, The City University of New York, 65-30 Kissena Blvd. Flushing, New York, NY 11367, USA
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Liu B, Hua D, Shen L, Li T, Tao Z, Fu C, Tang Z, Yang J, Zhang L, Nie A, Jiang Y, Wang J, Li Y, Gu Y, Ning G. NPC1 is required for postnatal islet β cell differentiation by maintaining mitochondria turnover. Theranostics 2024; 14:2058-2074. [PMID: 38505613 PMCID: PMC10945349 DOI: 10.7150/thno.90946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Rationale: NPC1 is a protein localized on the lysosome membrane regulating intracellular cholesterol transportation and maintaining normal lysosome function. GWAS studies have found that NPC1 variants in T2D was a pancreatic islet expression quantitative trait locus, suggesting a potential role of NPC1 in T2D islet pathophysiology. Methods: Two-week-old Npc1-/- mice and wild type littermates were employed to examine pancreatic β cell morphology and functional changes induced by loss of Npc1. Single cell RNA sequencing was conducted on primary islets. Npc1-/- Min6 cell line was generated using CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing. Seahorse XF24 was used to analyze primary islet and Min6 cell mitochondria respiration. Ultra-high-resolution cell imaging with Lattice SIM2 and electron microscope imaging were used to observe mitochondria and lysosome in primary islet β and Min6 cells. Mitophagy Dye and mt-Keima were used to measure β cell mitophagy. Results: In Npc1-/- mice, we found that β cell survival and pancreatic β cell mass expansion as well as islet glucose induced insulin secretion in 2-week-old mice were reduced. Npc1 loss retarded postnatal β cell differentiation and growth as well as impaired mitochondria oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) function to increase mitochondrial superoxide production, which might be attributed to impaired autophagy flux particularly mitochondria autophagy (mitophagy) induced by dysfunctional lysosome in Npc1 null β cells. Conclusion: Our study revealed that NPC1 played an important role in maintaining normal lysosome function and mitochondria turnover, which ensured establishment of sufficient mitochondria OXPHOS for islet β cells differentiation and maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Liu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Duanyi Hua
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Linyan Shen
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tingting Li
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheying Tao
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenyang Fu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhongzheng Tang
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Aifang Nie
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiran Jiang
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiqiu Wang
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanyun Gu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guang Ning
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Wang K, Peng X, Zhang R, Wu X, Mao L. COL6A3 enhances the osteogenic differentiation potential of BMSCs by promoting mitophagy in the osteoporotic microenvironment. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:206. [PMID: 38270688 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08918-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have been widely recognized as a highly promising option for cell-based tissue engineering therapy targeting osteoporosis. However, the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs is impeded by the limited viability and diminished capacity for bone formation within the osteoporotic microenvironment. METHODS In this study, the COL6A3 gene was confirmed through an extensive analysis of the preceding single-cell sequencing database. The generation of an inflammatory microenvironment resembling osteoporotic cell transplantation was achieved by employing lipopolysaccharide (LPS). A lentivirus targeting the COL6A3 gene was constructed, and a Western blotting assay was used to measure the marker proteins of osteogenesis, adipogenesis, and mitophagy. Immunofluorescence was utilized to observe the colocalization of mitochondria and lysosomes. The apoptosis rate of each group was evaluated using the TUNEL assay, and the mitochondrial membrane potential was assessed using JC-1 staining. RESULTS This investigation discovered that the impaired differentiation capacity and decreased viability of BMSCs within the inflammatory microenvironment were markedly ameliorated upon overexpression of the specific COL6A3 gene. Moreover, the administration of COL6A3 gene overexpression successfully mitigated the inhibitory impacts of LPS on mitophagy and the expression of inflammatory mediators, specifically inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), in BMSCs. To clarify the underlying mechanism, the role of mitophagy during the differentiation of COL6A3 gene-modified BMSCs in the inflammatory microenvironment was evaluated using the mitophagy inhibitor Mdivi-1. CONCLUSIONS In the context of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation, COL6A3 enhances the differentiation of BMSCs into osteogenic and adipogenic lineages through the promotion of mitophagy and the maintenance of mitochondrial health. Our findings may provide a novel therapeutic approach utilizing stem cells in the treatment of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Peng
- Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaotao Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
- Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Lu Mao
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
- Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
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14
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Zhang C, Meng Y, Han J. Emerging roles of mitochondrial functions and epigenetic changes in the modulation of stem cell fate. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:26. [PMID: 38212548 PMCID: PMC11072137 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-05070-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondria serve as essential organelles that play a key role in regulating stem cell fate. Mitochondrial dysfunction and stem cell exhaustion are two of the nine distinct hallmarks of aging. Emerging research suggests that epigenetic modification of mitochondria-encoded genes and the regulation of epigenetics by mitochondrial metabolites have an impact on stem cell aging or differentiation. Here, we review how key mitochondrial metabolites and behaviors regulate stem cell fate through an epigenetic approach. Gaining insight into how mitochondria regulate stem cell fate will help us manufacture and preserve clinical-grade stem cells under strict quality control standards, contributing to the development of aging-associated organ dysfunction and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chensong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yang Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Junhong Han
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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15
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Lei Q, Xiang K, Cheng L, Xiang M. Human retinal organoids with an OPA1 mutation are defective in retinal ganglion cell differentiation and function. Stem Cell Reports 2024; 19:68-83. [PMID: 38101398 PMCID: PMC10828684 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2023.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Autosomal dominant optic atrophy (ADOA), mostly caused by heterozygous OPA1 mutations and characterized by retinal ganglion cell (RGC) loss and optic nerve degeneration, is one of the most common types of inherited optic neuropathies. Previous work using a two-dimensional (2D) differentiation model of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) has investigated ADOA pathogenesis but failed to agree on the effect of OPA1 mutations on RGC differentiation. Here, we use 3D retinal organoids capable of mimicking in vivo retinal development to resolve the issue. We generated isogenic iPSCs carrying the hotspot OPA1 c.2708_2711delTTAG mutation and found that the mutant variant caused defective initial and terminal differentiation and abnormal electrophysiological properties of organoid-derived RGCs. Moreover, this variant inhibits progenitor proliferation and results in mitochondrial dysfunction. These data demonstrate that retinal organoids coupled with gene editing serve as a powerful tool to definitively identify disease-related phenotypes and provide valuable resources to further investigate ADOA pathogenesis and screen for ADOA therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiannan Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Kangjian Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Lin Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Mengqing Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou 510060, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
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16
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Wang W, Peng H, Zeng M, Liu J, Liang G, He Z. Endothelial progenitor cells systemic administration alleviates multi-organ senescence by down-regulating USP7/p300 pathway in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. J Transl Med 2023; 21:881. [PMID: 38057857 PMCID: PMC10699081 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04735-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has impacted approximately 390 million people worldwide and the morbidity is increasing every year. However, due to the poor treatment efficacy of COPD, exploring novel treatment has become the hotpot of study on COPD. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) aging is a possible molecular way for COPD development. We aimed to explore the effector whether intravenous administration of EPCs has therapeutic effects in COPD mice. METHODS COPD mice model was induced by cigarette smoke exposure and EPCs were injected intravenously to investigate their effects on COPD mice. At day 127, heart, liver, spleen, lung and kidney tissues of mice were harvested. The histological effects of EPCs intervention on multiple organs of COPD mice were detected by morphology assay. Quantitative real-time PCR and Western blotting were used to detect the effect of EPCs intervention on the expression of multi-organ senescence-related indicators. And we explored the effect of EPCs systematically intervening on senescence-related USP7/p300 pathway. RESULTS Compared with COPD group, senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity was decreased, protein and mRNA expression of p16 was down-regulated, while protein and mRNA expression of cyclin D1 and TERT were up-regulated of multiple organs, including lung, heart, liver, spleen and kidney in COPD mice after EPCs system intervention. But the morphological alterations of the tissues described above in COPD mice failed to be reversed. Mechanistically, EPCs systemic administration inhibited the expression of mRNA and protein of USP7 and p300 in multiple organs of COPD mice, exerting therapeutic effects. CONCLUSIONS EPCs administration significantly inhibited the senescence of multiple organs in COPD mice via down-regulating USP7/p300 pathway, which presents a possibility of EPCs therapy for COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhua Wang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Huaihuai Peng
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Hunan Province Directly Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Zhuzhou, Hunan, China
| | - Menghao Zeng
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Guibin Liang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhihui He
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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17
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Jiang Z, Shi C, Han H, Fu M, Zhu H, Han T, Fei J, Huang Y, Jin Z, He J, Wang Y, Chen X, Shen H. Autologous non-invasively derived stem cells mitochondria transfer shows therapeutic advantages in human embryo quality rescue. Biol Res 2023; 56:60. [PMID: 37978575 PMCID: PMC10657142 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-023-00470-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The decline in the quantity and quality of mitochondria are closely associated with infertility, particularly in advanced maternal age. Transferring autologous mitochondria into the oocytes of infertile females represents an innovative and viable strategy for treating infertility, with no concerns regarding ethical considerations. As the donor cells of mitochondria, stem cells have biological advantages but research and evidence in this area are quite scarce. METHODS To screen out suitable human autologous ooplasmic mitochondrial donor cells, we performed comprehensive assessment of mitochondrial physiology, function and metabolic capacity on a varity of autologous adipose, marrow, and urine-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (ADSC, BMSC and USC) and ovarian germline granulosa cells (GC). Further, to explore the biosafety, effect and mechanism of stem cell-derived mitochondria transfer on human early embryo development, randomized in-vitro basic studies were performed in both of the young and aged oocytes from infertile females. RESULTS Compared with other types of mesenchymal stromal cells, USC demonstrated a non-fused spherical mitochondrial morphology and low oxidative stress status which resembled the oocyte stage. Moreover, USC mitochondrial content, activity and function were all higher than other cell types and less affected by age, and it also exhibited a biphasic metabolic pattern similar to the pre-implantation stage of embryonic development. After the biosafety identification of the USC mitochondrial genome, early embryos after USC mitochondrial transfer showed improvements in mitochondrial content, activity, and cytoplasmic Ca2+ levels. Further, aging embryos also showed improvements in embryonic morphological indicators, euploidy rates, and oxidative stress status. CONCLUSION Autologous non-invasively derived USC mitochondria transfer may be an effective strategy to improve embryonic development and metabolism, especially in infertile females with advanced age or repeated pregnancy failure. It provides evidence and possibility for the autologous treatment of infertile females without invasive and ethical concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixin Jiang
- Reproductive Medical Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, 100044, China
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200135, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, 200135, China
| | - Cheng Shi
- Reproductive Medical Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Hongjing Han
- Reproductive Medical Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Min Fu
- Reproductive Medical Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Honglan Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Tingting Han
- Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Jia Fei
- Peking Jabrehoo Med Tech Co., Ltd, Beijing, 102629, China
| | - Yining Huang
- Peking Jabrehoo Med Tech Co., Ltd, Beijing, 102629, China
| | - Zhiping Jin
- Peking Jabrehoo Med Tech Co., Ltd, Beijing, 102629, China
| | - Jianan He
- Peking Jabrehoo Med Tech Co., Ltd, Beijing, 102629, China
| | - Yanbin Wang
- Reproductive Medical Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, 100044, China.
| | - Xi Chen
- Reproductive Medical Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, 100044, China.
| | - Huan Shen
- Reproductive Medical Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, 100044, China.
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18
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Mas-Bargues C. Mitochondria pleiotropism in stem cell senescence: Mechanisms and therapeutic approaches. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 208:657-671. [PMID: 37739140 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Aging is a complex biological process characterized by a progressive decline in cellular and tissue function, ultimately leading to organismal aging. Stem cells, with their regenerative potential, play a crucial role in maintaining tissue homeostasis and repair throughout an organism's lifespan. Mitochondria, the powerhouses of the cell, have emerged as key players in the aging process, impacting stem cell function and contributing to age-related tissue dysfunction. Here are discuss the mechanisms through which mitochondria influence stem cell fate decisions, including energy production, metabolic regulation, ROS signalling, and epigenetic modifications. Therefore, this review highlights the role of mitochondria in driving stem cell senescence and the subsequent impact on tissue function, leading to overall organismal aging and age-related diseases. Finally, we explore potential anti-aging therapies targeting mitochondrial health and discuss their implications for promoting healthy aging. This comprehensive review sheds light on the critical interplay between mitochondrial function, stem cell senescence, and organismal aging, offering insights into potential strategies for attenuating age-related decline and promoting healthy longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Mas-Bargues
- Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable-Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CIBERFES-ISCIII), INCLIVA, 46010, Valencia, Spain.
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Lee PY, Tsai BCK, Sitorus MA, Lin PY, Lin SZ, Shih CY, Lu SY, Lin YM, Ho TJ, Huang CY. Ohwia caudata aqueous extract attenuates doxorubicin-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2023; 38:2450-2461. [PMID: 37461261 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction has been linked to many diseases, including organ degeneration and cancer. Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells provide a valuable source for stem cell-based therapy and represent an emerging therapeutic approach for tissue regeneration. This study focused on screening the senomorphic properties of Ohwia caudata aqueous extract as an emerging strategy for preventing or treating mitochondrial dysfunction in stem cells. Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells were incubated with 0.1 μM doxorubicin, for 24 h to induce mitochondrial dysfunction. Next, the cells were treated with a series concentration of Ohwia caudata aqueous extract (25, 50, 100, and 200 μg/mL) for another 24 h. In addition, an untreated control group and a doxorubicin-induced mitochondrial dysfunction positive control group were maintained under the same conditions. Our data showed that Ohwia caudata aqueous extract markedly suppressed doxorubicin-induced mitochondrial dysfunction by increasing Tid1 and Tom20 expression, decreased reactive oxygen species production, and maintained mitochondrial membrane potential to promote mitochondrial stability. Ohwia caudata aqueous extract retained the stemness of Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells and reduced the apoptotic rate. These results indicate that Ohwia caudata aqueous extract protects Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells against doxorubicin-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and can potentially prevent mitochondrial dysfunction in other cells. This study provides new directions for the medical application of Ohwia caudata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Ying Lee
- Holistic Education Center, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Bruce Chi-Kang Tsai
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Maria Angelina Sitorus
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Pi-Yu Lin
- Buddhist Compassion Relief Tzu Chi Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Shinn-Zong Lin
- Bioinnovation Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | | | - Shang-Yeh Lu
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Min Lin
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Technology, Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Jung Ho
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Integration Center of Traditional Chinese and Modern Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Center of General Education, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, Taiwan
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20
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Chirumbolo S, Bertossi D, Magistretti P. Insights on the role of L-lactate as a signaling molecule in skin aging. Biogerontology 2023; 24:709-726. [PMID: 36708434 PMCID: PMC9883612 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-023-10018-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
L-lactate is a catabolite from the anaerobic metabolism of glucose, which plays a paramount role as a signaling molecule in various steps of the cell survival. Its activity, as a master tuner of many mechanisms underlying the aging process, for example in the skin, is still presumptive, however its crucial position in the complex cross-talk between mitochondria and the process of cell survival, should suggest that L-lactate may be not a simple waste product but a fine regulator of the aging/survival machinery, probably via mito-hormesis. Actually, emerging evidence is highlighting that ROS are crucial in the signaling of skin health, including mechanisms underlying wound repair, renewal and aging. The ROS, including superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide, and nitric oxide, play both beneficial and detrimental roles depending upon their levels and cellular microenvironment. Physiological ROS levels are essential for cutaneous health and the wound repair process. Aberrant redox signaling activity drives chronic skin disease in elderly. On the contrary, impaired redox modulation, due to enhanced ROS generation and/or reduced levels of antioxidant defense, suppresses wound healing via promoting lymphatic/vascular endothelial cell apoptosis and death. This review tries to elucidate this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Chirumbolo
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Unit of Human Anatomy, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 8, 37134, Verona, Italy.
| | - Dario Bertossi
- Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Paediatrics and Gynaecology-Unit of Maxillo-Facial Surgery, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Pierre Magistretti
- Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955, Saudi Arabia
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Wu L, Liu Z, Xiao L, Ai M, Cao Y, Mao J, Song K. The Role of Gli1 + Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Osteogenesis of Craniofacial Bone. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1351. [PMID: 37759749 PMCID: PMC10526808 DOI: 10.3390/biom13091351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioma-associated oncogene homolog 1 (Gli1) is a transcriptional activator of hedgehog (Hh) signaling that regulates target gene expression and several cellular biological processes. Cell lineage tracing techniques have highlighted Gli1 as an ideal marker for mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in vivo. Gli1+ MSCs are critical for the osteogenesis of the craniofacial bone; however, the regulatory mechanism by which Gli1+ MSCs mediate the bone development and tissue regeneration of craniofacial bone has not been systematically outlined. This review comprehensively elucidates the specific roles of Gli1+ MSCs in craniofacial bone osteogenesis. In addition to governing craniofacial bone development, Gli1+ MSCs are associated with the tissue repair of craniofacial bone under pathological conditions. Gli1+ MSCs promote intramembranous and endochondral ossification of the craniofacial bones, and assist the osteogenesis of the craniofacial bone by improving angiopoiesis. This review summarizes the novel role of Gli1+ MSCs in bone development and tissue repair in craniofacial bones, which offers new insights into bone regeneration therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laidi Wu
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regen-Eration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Zhixin Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regen-Eration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Li Xiao
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regen-Eration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Mi Ai
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regen-Eration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yingguang Cao
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regen-Eration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Jing Mao
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regen-Eration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Ke Song
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regen-Eration, Wuhan 430022, China
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Jiménez Peinado P, Urbach A. From Youthful Vigor to Aging Decline: Unravelling the Intrinsic and Extrinsic Determinants of Hippocampal Neural Stem Cell Aging. Cells 2023; 12:2086. [PMID: 37626896 PMCID: PMC10453598 DOI: 10.3390/cells12162086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Since Joseph Altman published his pioneering work demonstrating neurogenesis in the hippocampus of adult rats, the number of publications in this field increased exponentially. Today, we know that the adult hippocampus harbors a pool of adult neural stem cells (NSCs) that are the source of life-long neurogenesis and plasticity. The functions of these NSCs are regulated by extrinsic cues arising from neighboring cells and the systemic environment. However, this tight regulation is subject to imbalance with age, resulting in a decline in adult NSCs and neurogenesis, which contributes to the progressive deterioration of hippocampus-related cognitive functions. Despite extensive investigation, the mechanisms underlying this age-related decline in neurogenesis are only incompletely understood, but appear to include an increase in NSC quiescence, changes in differentiation patterns, and NSC exhaustion. In this review, we summarize recent work that has improved our knowledge of hippocampal NSC aging, focusing on NSC-intrinsic mechanisms as well as cellular and molecular changes in the niche and systemic environment that might be involved in the age-related decline in NSC functions. Additionally, we identify future directions that may advance our understanding of NSC aging and the concomitant loss of hippocampal neurogenesis and plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anja Urbach
- Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, 07747 Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Healthy Aging, Jena University Hospital, 07747 Jena, Germany
- Aging Research Center Jena, Leibniz Institute on Aging, 07745 Jena, Germany
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23
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Zhu H, Kong B, Che J, Zhao Y, Sun L. Bioinspired nanogels as cell-free DNA trapping and scavenging organelles for rheumatoid arthritis treatment. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2303385120. [PMID: 37549284 PMCID: PMC10438393 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2303385120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Excessive cell-free DNA (cfDNA) in the serum and synovium is considered a causative factor of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Thus, cfDNA scavenging by using cationic polymers has been an effective therapeutic avenue, while these stratagems still suffer from systemic toxicity and unstable capture of cfDNA. Here, inspired by the biological charge-trapping effects and active degradation function of enzyme-containing organelles in vivo, we proposed a cationic peptide dendrimer nanogel with deoxyribonuclease I (DNase I) conjugation for the treatment of RA. Benefitting from their naturally derived peptide components, the resultant nanogels were highly biocompatible. More attractively, by tailoring them with a larger size and higher surface charge density, these cationic nanogels could achieve the fastest targeting capability, highest accumulation amounts, longer persistence time, and superior DNA scavenging capacity in inflamed joints. Based on these features, we have demonstrated that the organelle mimicking cationic nanogels could significantly down-regulate toll-like receptor (TLR)-9 signaling pathways and attenuate RA symptoms in collagen-induced arthritis mice. These results make the bioinspired DNase I conjugated cationic nanogels an ideal candidate for treating RA and other immune dysregulation diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haofang Zhu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing210008, China
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei230022, China
| | - Bin Kong
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing210008, China
| | - Junyi Che
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing210008, China
| | - Yuanjin Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing210008, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing210096, China
| | - Lingyun Sun
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing210008, China
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei230022, China
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24
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Cui G, Zhou J, Sun J, Kou X, Su Z, Xu Y, Liu T, Sun L, Li W, Wu X, Wei Q, Gao S, Shi K. WD repeat domain 82 (Wdr82) facilitates mouse iPSCs generation by interfering mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:218. [PMID: 37470863 PMCID: PMC10359378 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04871-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abundantly expressed factors in the oocyte cytoplasm can remarkably reprogram terminally differentiated germ cells or somatic cells into totipotent state within a short time. However, the mechanism of the different factors underlying the reprogramming process remains uncertain. METHODS On the basis of Yamanaka factors OSKM induction method, MEF cells were induced and reprogrammed into iPSCs under conditions of the oocyte-derived factor Wdr82 overexpression and/or knockdown, so as to assess the reprogramming efficiency. Meanwhile, the cellular metabolism was monitored and evaluated during the reprogramming process. The plurpotency of the generated iPSCs was confirmed via pluripotent gene expression detection, embryoid body differentiation and chimeric mouse experiment. RESULTS Here, we show that the oocyte-derived factor Wdr82 promotes the efficiency of MEF reprogramming into iPSCs to a greater degree than the Yamanaka factors OSKM. The Wdr82-expressing iPSC line showed pluripotency to differentiate and transmit genetic material to chimeric offsprings. In contrast, the knocking down of Wdr82 can significantly reduce the efficiency of somatic cell reprogramming. We further demonstrate that the significant suppression of oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria underlies the molecular mechanism by which Wdr82 promotes the efficiency of somatic cell reprogramming. Our study suggests a link between mitochondrial energy metabolism remodeling and cell fate transition or stem cell function maintenance, which might shed light on the embryonic development and stem cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guina Cui
- Key Laboratory of Animal Bioengineering and Disease Prevention of Shandong Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, No. 61 Daizong Street, Taian, 271018, China
- Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Jingxuan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Bioengineering and Disease Prevention of Shandong Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, No. 61 Daizong Street, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Jiatong Sun
- Key Laboratory of Animal Bioengineering and Disease Prevention of Shandong Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, No. 61 Daizong Street, Taian, 271018, China
- Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xiaochen Kou
- Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Zhongqu Su
- Key Laboratory of Animal Bioengineering and Disease Prevention of Shandong Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, No. 61 Daizong Street, Taian, 271018, China
- Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yiliang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Bioengineering and Disease Prevention of Shandong Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, No. 61 Daizong Street, Taian, 271018, China
- Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Tingjun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Bioengineering and Disease Prevention of Shandong Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, No. 61 Daizong Street, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Lili Sun
- Key Laboratory of Animal Bioengineering and Disease Prevention of Shandong Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, No. 61 Daizong Street, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Wenhui Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Bioengineering and Disease Prevention of Shandong Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, No. 61 Daizong Street, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Xuanning Wu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Bioengineering and Disease Prevention of Shandong Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, No. 61 Daizong Street, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Qingqing Wei
- Key Laboratory of Animal Bioengineering and Disease Prevention of Shandong Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, No. 61 Daizong Street, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Shaorong Gao
- Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Kerong Shi
- Key Laboratory of Animal Bioengineering and Disease Prevention of Shandong Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, No. 61 Daizong Street, Taian, 271018, China.
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25
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Chen C, Yan W, Tao M, Fu Y. NAD + Metabolism and Immune Regulation: New Approaches to Inflammatory Bowel Disease Therapies. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1230. [PMID: 37371959 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12061230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), is a multifactorial systemic inflammatory immune response. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is a co-enzyme involved in cell signaling and energy metabolism. Calcium homeostasis, gene transcription, DNA repair, and cell communication involve NAD+ and its degradation products. There is a growing recognition of the intricate relationship between inflammatory diseases and NAD+ metabolism. In the case of IBD, the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis relies on a delicate balance between NAD+ biosynthesis and consumption. Consequently, therapeutics designed to target the NAD+ pathway are promising for the management of IBD. This review discusses the metabolic and immunoregulatory processes of NAD+ in IBD to examine the molecular biology and pathophysiology of the immune regulation of IBD and to provide evidence and theoretical support for the clinical use of NAD+ in IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoyue Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Wei Yan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Meihui Tao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yu Fu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
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Seegren PV, Harper LR, Downs TK, Zhao XY, Viswanathan SB, Stremska ME, Olson RJ, Kennedy J, Ewald SE, Kumar P, Desai BN. Reduced mitochondrial calcium uptake in macrophages is a major driver of inflammaging. NATURE AGING 2023:10.1038/s43587-023-00436-8. [PMID: 37277641 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-023-00436-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is linked to age-associated inflammation or inflammaging, but underlying mechanisms are not understood. Analyses of 700 human blood transcriptomes revealed clear signs of age-associated low-grade inflammation. Among changes in mitochondrial components, we found that the expression of mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) and its regulatory subunit MICU1, genes central to mitochondrial Ca2+ (mCa2+) signaling, correlated inversely with age. Indeed, mCa2+ uptake capacity of mouse macrophages decreased significantly with age. We show that in both human and mouse macrophages, reduced mCa2+ uptake amplifies cytosolic Ca2+ oscillations and potentiates downstream nuclear factor kappa B activation, which is central to inflammation. Our findings pinpoint the mitochondrial calcium uniporter complex as a keystone molecular apparatus that links age-related changes in mitochondrial physiology to systemic macrophage-mediated age-associated inflammation. The findings raise the exciting possibility that restoring mCa2+ uptake capacity in tissue-resident macrophages may decrease inflammaging of specific organs and alleviate age-associated conditions such as neurodegenerative and cardiometabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip V Seegren
- Pharmacology Department, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Logan R Harper
- Pharmacology Department, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Taylor K Downs
- Pharmacology Department, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Xiao-Yu Zhao
- Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology Department, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | | | - Marta E Stremska
- Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology Department, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Rachel J Olson
- Pharmacology Department, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Joel Kennedy
- Pharmacology Department, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Sarah E Ewald
- Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology Department, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Pankaj Kumar
- Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Department, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- University of Virginia, Bioinformatics Core, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Bimal N Desai
- Pharmacology Department, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
- Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
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27
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Lee M, Ahn C, Kim K, Jeung EB. Mitochondrial Toxic Effects of Antiepileptic Drug Valproic Acid on Mouse Kidney Stem Cells. TOXICS 2023; 11:toxics11050471. [PMID: 37235285 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11050471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Valproic acid (VPA) is a histone deacetylase inhibitor that is used mainly as an antiepileptic and anticonvulsant drug. The side effects of VPA usually appears as hepatic injury and various metabolic disorders. On the other hand, it is rarely reported to cause kidney injury. Despite the many studies on the influence of VPA exposure on the kidneys, the specific mechanism remains unclear. This study examined the changes after VPA treatment to the mouse kidney stem cells (mKSCs). VPA triggers an increase in mitochondrial ROS, but there was no change in either mitochondrial membrane potential or the mitochondrial DNA copy number in mKSCs. The VPA treatment increased the mitochondrial complex III but decreased complex V significantly compared to the DMSO treatment as a control. The inflammatory marker (IL-6) and the expression of the apoptosis markers (Caspase 3) and were increased by VPA. In particular, the expression of the podocyte injury markers (CD2AP) was increased significantly. In conclusion, VPA exposure has adverse effects on mouse kidney stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minsu Lee
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Changhwan Ahn
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
- Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - KangMin Kim
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Eui-Bae Jeung
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
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28
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Guo SM, Zhang YR, Ma BX, Zhou LQ, Yin Y. Regulation of cleavage embryo genes upon DRP1 inhibition in mouse embryonic stem cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1191797. [PMID: 37255603 PMCID: PMC10225531 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1191797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Dynamic-related protein 1 (DRP1) is a key protein of mitochondrial fission. In this study, we found that inhibition of activity of DRP1 led to increased levels of cleavage embryo genes in mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs), which might reflect a transient totipotency status derived from pluripotency. This result indicates that DRP1 inhibition in mESCs leads to a tendency to obtain a new expression profile similar to that of the 2C-like state. Meanwhile, we also noticed that the glycolysis/gluconeogenesis pathway and its related enzymes were significantly downregulated, and the key glycolytic enzymes were also downregulated in various 2C-like cells. Moreover, when DRP1 activity was inhibited from the late zygote when cleavage embryo genes started to express, development of early embryos was inhibited, and these cleavage embryo genes failed to be efficiently silenced at the late 2-cell (2C) stage. Taken together, our result shows that DRP1 plays an important role in silencing cleavage embryo genes for totipotency-to-pluripotency transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Meng Guo
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi-Ran Zhang
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bing-Xin Ma
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Li-Quan Zhou
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ying Yin
- School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Center for Genomics and Proteomics Research, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Pharmacodynamic Evaluation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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29
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Liao Y, Lai Y, Xu H, Gao L, Fu X, Wang X, Wang Q, Shen J, Fang J, Fang S. Bushen-Yizhi formula ameliorates mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress via AMPK/Sirt1 signaling pathway in D-gal-induced aging rats. Chin Med 2023; 18:53. [PMID: 37170155 PMCID: PMC10176912 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-023-00755-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As a major risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases, aging has become a heavy health care burden worldwide. Age-related decline in mitochondrial function and oxidative stress is strongly associated with neurodegeneration. The previous study demonstrated that Bushen-Yizhi formula (BSYZ), a traditional Chinese medicine formula, is effective in reducing neurodegeneration. METHODS This study is the first to investigate the effect of BSYZ on D-gal-induced learning memory in rats. Secondly, the potential metabolic mechanism of BSYZ was explored by 1H-NMR metabolomics analysis. Then based on the comparison of differential metabolites implied that BSYZ ameliorated mitochondrial dysfunction through choline metabolic pathway in D-gal-treated rats. Finally, pharmacological validation was conducted to explore the effects of BSYZ on D-gal-induced oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and neuronal apoptosis. RESULTS Our data showed that BSYZ increased aspartate and betaine levels, while decreasing choline levels. Furthermore, BSYZ also increased the proteins level of CHDH and BHMT to regulate choline metabolic pathway. Meanwhile, BSYZ alleviated mitochondrial damage and oxidative stress, including enhanced ATP production and the ratio of NAD+/NADH, reduced the level of MDA, enhanced GSH and SOD activity, upregulated the expressions of p-AMPK, SIRT1 proteins. In addition, BSYZ downregulated the levels of inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6, as well as suppressed Bcl-2 proteins family dependent apoptosis. CONCLUSION BSYZ treatment effectively rescues neurobehavioral impairment by improving mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation and neuroapoptosis via AMPK/SIRT1 pathway in D-gal-induced aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfang Liao
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiyi Lai
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, People's Republic of China
| | - Huilin Xu
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Gao
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaomei Fu
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Wang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Wang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangang Shen
- School of Chinese Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong S.A.R, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiansong Fang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shuhuan Fang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, People's Republic of China.
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Bao H, Cao J, Chen M, Chen M, Chen W, Chen X, Chen Y, Chen Y, Chen Y, Chen Z, Chhetri JK, Ding Y, Feng J, Guo J, Guo M, He C, Jia Y, Jiang H, Jing Y, Li D, Li J, Li J, Liang Q, Liang R, Liu F, Liu X, Liu Z, Luo OJ, Lv J, Ma J, Mao K, Nie J, Qiao X, Sun X, Tang X, Wang J, Wang Q, Wang S, Wang X, Wang Y, Wang Y, Wu R, Xia K, Xiao FH, Xu L, Xu Y, Yan H, Yang L, Yang R, Yang Y, Ying Y, Zhang L, Zhang W, Zhang W, Zhang X, Zhang Z, Zhou M, Zhou R, Zhu Q, Zhu Z, Cao F, Cao Z, Chan P, Chen C, Chen G, Chen HZ, Chen J, Ci W, Ding BS, Ding Q, Gao F, Han JDJ, Huang K, Ju Z, Kong QP, Li J, Li J, Li X, Liu B, Liu F, Liu L, Liu Q, Liu Q, Liu X, Liu Y, Luo X, Ma S, Ma X, Mao Z, Nie J, Peng Y, Qu J, Ren J, Ren R, Song M, Songyang Z, Sun YE, Sun Y, Tian M, Wang S, Wang S, Wang X, Wang X, Wang YJ, Wang Y, Wong CCL, Xiang AP, Xiao Y, Xie Z, Xu D, Ye J, Yue R, Zhang C, Zhang H, Zhang L, Zhang W, Zhang Y, Zhang YW, Zhang Z, Zhao T, Zhao Y, Zhu D, Zou W, Pei G, Liu GH. Biomarkers of aging. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2023; 66:893-1066. [PMID: 37076725 PMCID: PMC10115486 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-023-2305-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 77.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
Aging biomarkers are a combination of biological parameters to (i) assess age-related changes, (ii) track the physiological aging process, and (iii) predict the transition into a pathological status. Although a broad spectrum of aging biomarkers has been developed, their potential uses and limitations remain poorly characterized. An immediate goal of biomarkers is to help us answer the following three fundamental questions in aging research: How old are we? Why do we get old? And how can we age slower? This review aims to address this need. Here, we summarize our current knowledge of biomarkers developed for cellular, organ, and organismal levels of aging, comprising six pillars: physiological characteristics, medical imaging, histological features, cellular alterations, molecular changes, and secretory factors. To fulfill all these requisites, we propose that aging biomarkers should qualify for being specific, systemic, and clinically relevant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hainan Bao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Jiani Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Mengting Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Aging Biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Min Chen
- Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Clinical Research Center of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Disease, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Abnormalities and Vascular Aging, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Stem Cell Translational Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Yanhao Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yutian Chen
- The Department of Endovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Zhiyang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Ageing and Regenerative Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Jagadish K Chhetri
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Yingjie Ding
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Junlin Feng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Jun Guo
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Mengmeng Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Chuting He
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Yujuan Jia
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Haiping Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Ying Jing
- Beijing Municipal Geriatric Medical Research Center, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Aging Translational Medicine Center, International Center for Aging and Cancer, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Dingfeng Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Jiaming Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jingyi Li
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Qinhao Liang
- College of Life Sciences, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Rui Liang
- Research Institute of Transplant Medicine, Organ Transplant Center, NHC Key Laboratory for Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Feng Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Research, School of Life Sciences, Institute of Healthy Aging Research, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Xiaoqian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Zuojun Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Oscar Junhong Luo
- Department of Systems Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Jianwei Lv
- School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Jingyi Ma
- The State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Kehang Mao
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Center for Quantitative Biology (CQB), Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jiawei Nie
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory for Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), International Center for Aging and Cancer, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Xinhua Qiao
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Xinpei Sun
- Peking University International Cancer Institute, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Tang
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of MOE, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jianfang Wang
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Qiaoran Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Siyuan Wang
- Clinical Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Center, Medical Research Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Beijing, 102218, China
| | - Yaning Wang
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yuhan Wang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Rimo Wu
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, 510005, China
| | - Kai Xia
- Center for Stem Cell Biologyand Tissue Engineering, Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Fu-Hui Xiao
- CAS Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Research of Yunnan Province, Kunming Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Study, KIZ/CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China
| | - Lingyan Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Yingying Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Haoteng Yan
- Beijing Municipal Geriatric Medical Research Center, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Aging Translational Medicine Center, International Center for Aging and Cancer, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Liang Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Ruici Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Yuanxin Yang
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Yilin Ying
- Department of Geriatrics, Medical Center on Aging of Shanghai Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
- International Laboratory in Hematology and Cancer, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine/Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Le Zhang
- Gerontology Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430000, China
- Institute of Gerontology, Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Wenwan Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Xing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, School of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Zhuo Zhang
- Optogenetics & Synthetic Biology Interdisciplinary Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
- Research Unit of New Techniques for Live-cell Metabolic Imaging, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Min Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research Center, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Rui Zhou
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Qingchen Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Zhengmao Zhu
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Feng Cao
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, 100853, China.
| | - Zhongwei Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Piu Chan
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
| | - Chang Chen
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Guobing Chen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Great Bay Area Geroscience Joint Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510000, China.
| | - Hou-Zao Chen
- Department of Biochemistryand Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China.
| | - Jun Chen
- Peking University Research Center on Aging, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Weimin Ci
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Bi-Sen Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Qiurong Ding
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
| | - Feng Gao
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, School of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Jing-Dong J Han
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Center for Quantitative Biology (CQB), Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
| | - Kai Huang
- Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
- Hubei Clinical Research Center of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Disease, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Abnormalities and Vascular Aging, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Zhenyu Ju
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Ageing and Regenerative Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
| | - Qing-Peng Kong
- CAS Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Research of Yunnan Province, Kunming Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Study, KIZ/CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China.
| | - Ji Li
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Aging Biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
| | - Jian Li
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Baohua Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, 518060, China.
| | - Feng Liu
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South Unversity, Changsha, 410011, China.
| | - Lin Liu
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China.
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300000, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China.
| | - Qiang Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230036, China.
| | - Qiang Liu
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China.
- Tianjin Institute of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.
| | - Xingguo Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China.
| | - Yong Liu
- College of Life Sciences, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.
| | - Xianghang Luo
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research Center, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
| | - Shuai Ma
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Xinran Ma
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.
| | - Zhiyong Mao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Jing Nie
- The State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Yaojin Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Jing Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Jie Ren
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Ruibao Ren
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory for Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), International Center for Aging and Cancer, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
- International Center for Aging and Cancer, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China.
| | - Moshi Song
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Zhou Songyang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Research, School of Life Sciences, Institute of Healthy Aging Research, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China.
- Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
| | - Yi Eve Sun
- Stem Cell Translational Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200065, China.
| | - Yu Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
- Department of Medicine and VAPSHCS, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
| | - Mei Tian
- Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Shusen Wang
- Research Institute of Transplant Medicine, Organ Transplant Center, NHC Key Laboratory for Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300384, China.
| | - Si Wang
- Beijing Municipal Geriatric Medical Research Center, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
- Aging Translational Medicine Center, International Center for Aging and Cancer, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
| | - Xia Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Xiaoning Wang
- Institute of Geriatrics, The second Medical Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Aging and Geriatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.
| | - Yan-Jiang Wang
- Department of Neurology and Center for Clinical Neuroscience, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China.
| | - Yunfang Wang
- Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Center, Medical Research Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Beijing, 102218, China.
| | - Catherine C L Wong
- Clinical Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Andy Peng Xiang
- Center for Stem Cell Biologyand Tissue Engineering, Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Yichuan Xiao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
| | - Zhengwei Xie
- Peking University International Cancer Institute, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Beijing & Qingdao Langu Pharmaceutical R&D Platform, Beijing Gigaceuticals Tech. Co. Ltd., Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Daichao Xu
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201210, China.
| | - Jing Ye
- Department of Geriatrics, Medical Center on Aging of Shanghai Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
- International Laboratory in Hematology and Cancer, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine/Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Rui Yue
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Cuntai Zhang
- Gerontology Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430000, China.
- Institute of Gerontology, Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Hongbo Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Liang Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Weiqi Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Yong Zhang
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, 510005, China.
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China.
| | - Yun-Wu Zhang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China.
| | - Zhuohua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Precision Medicine of Hunan Province and Center for Medical Genetics, Institute of Molecular Precision Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China.
- Department of Neurosciences, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China.
| | - Tongbiao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Yuzheng Zhao
- Optogenetics & Synthetic Biology Interdisciplinary Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
- Research Unit of New Techniques for Live-cell Metabolic Imaging, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Dahai Zhu
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, 510005, China.
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China.
| | - Weiguo Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
| | - Gang Pei
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Laboratory of Receptor-Based Biomedicine, The Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200070, China.
| | - Guang-Hui Liu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
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Rimal S, Tantray I, Li Y, Pal Khaket T, Li Y, Bhurtel S, Li W, Zeng C, Lu B. Reverse electron transfer is activated during aging and contributes to aging and age-related disease. EMBO Rep 2023; 24:e55548. [PMID: 36794623 PMCID: PMC10074108 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202255548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanisms underlying the depletion of NAD+ and accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in aging and age-related disorders remain poorly defined. We show that reverse electron transfer (RET) at mitochondrial complex I, which causes increased ROS production and NAD+ to NADH conversion and thus lowered NAD+ /NADH ratio, is active during aging. Genetic or pharmacological inhibition of RET decreases ROS production and increases NAD+ /NADH ratio, extending the lifespan of normal flies. The lifespan-extending effect of RET inhibition is dependent on NAD+ -dependent Sirtuin, highlighting the importance of NAD+ /NADH rebalance, and on longevity-associated Foxo and autophagy pathways. RET and RET-induced ROS and NAD+ /NADH ratio changes are prominent in human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) model and fly models of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Genetic or pharmacological inhibition of RET prevents the accumulation of faulty translation products resulting from inadequate ribosome-mediated quality control, rescues relevant disease phenotypes, and extends the lifespan of Drosophila and mouse AD models. Deregulated RET is therefore a conserved feature of aging, and inhibition of RET may open new therapeutic opportunities in the context of aging and age-related diseases including AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman Rimal
- Department of PathologyStanford University School of MedicineStanfordCAUSA
| | - Ishaq Tantray
- Department of PathologyStanford University School of MedicineStanfordCAUSA
| | - Yu Li
- Department of PathologyStanford University School of MedicineStanfordCAUSA
| | | | - Yanping Li
- Department of PathologyStanford University School of MedicineStanfordCAUSA
| | - Sunil Bhurtel
- Department of PathologyStanford University School of MedicineStanfordCAUSA
| | - Wen Li
- Department of PathologyStanford University School of MedicineStanfordCAUSA
| | | | - Bingwei Lu
- Department of PathologyStanford University School of MedicineStanfordCAUSA
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32
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Wang Z, Natekar P, Tea C, Tamir S, Hakozaki H, Schöneberg J. MitoTNT: Mitochondrial Temporal Network Tracking for 4D live-cell fluorescence microscopy data. PLoS Comput Biol 2023; 19:e1011060. [PMID: 37083820 PMCID: PMC10184899 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria form a network in the cell that rapidly changes through fission, fusion, and motility. Dysregulation of this four-dimensional (4D: x,y,z,time) network is implicated in numerous diseases ranging from cancer to neurodegeneration. While lattice light-sheet microscopy has recently made it possible to image mitochondria in 4D, quantitative analysis methods for the resulting datasets have been lacking. Here we present MitoTNT, the first-in-class software for Mitochondrial Temporal Network Tracking in 4D live-cell fluorescence microscopy data. MitoTNT uses spatial proximity and network topology to compute an optimal tracking assignment. To validate the accuracy of tracking, we created a reaction-diffusion simulation to model mitochondrial network motion and remodeling events. We found that our tracking is >90% accurate for ground-truth simulations and agrees well with published motility results for experimental data. We used MitoTNT to quantify 4D mitochondrial networks from human induced pluripotent stem cells. First, we characterized sub-fragment motility and analyzed network branch motion patterns. We revealed that the skeleton node motion is correlated along branch nodes and is uncorrelated in time. Second, we identified fission and fusion events with high spatiotemporal resolution. We found that mitochondrial skeleton nodes near the fission/fusion sites move nearly twice as fast as random skeleton nodes and that microtubules play a role in mediating selective fission/fusion. Finally, we developed graph-based transport simulations that model how material would distribute on experimentally measured mitochondrial temporal networks. We showed that pharmacological perturbations increase network reachability but decrease network resilience through a combination of altered mitochondrial fission/fusion dynamics and motility. MitoTNT's easy-to-use tracking module, interactive 4D visualization capability, and powerful post-tracking analyses aim at making temporal network tracking accessible to the wider mitochondria research community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zichen Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - Parth Natekar
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - Challana Tea
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - Sharon Tamir
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - Hiroyuki Hakozaki
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - Johannes Schöneberg
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America
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33
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Targeting mitochondria as a potential therapeutic strategy against chemoresistance in cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 160:114398. [PMID: 36773523 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The importance of mitochondria is not only limited to energy generation but also in several physical and chemical processes critical for cell survival. Mitochondria play an essential role in cellular apoptosis, calcium ion transport and cellular metabolism. Mutation in the nuclear and mitochondrial genes, altered oncogenes/tumor suppressor genes, and deregulated signalling for cell viability are major reasons for cancer progression and chemoresistance. The development of drug resistance in cancer patients is a major challenge in cancer treatment as the resistant cells are often more aggressive. The drug resistant cells of numerous cancer types exhibit the deregulation of mitochondrial function. The increased biogenesis of mitochondria and its dynamic alteration contribute to developing resistance. Further, a small subpopulation of cancer stem cells in the heterogeneous tumor is primarily responsible for chemoresistance and has an attribute of mitochondrial dysfunction. This review highlights the critical role of mitochondrial dysfunction in chemoresistance in cancer cells through the processes of apoptosis, autophagy/mitophagy, and cancer stemness. Mitochondria-targeted therapeutic strategies might help reduce cancer progression and chemoresistance induced by various cancer drugs.
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Liu Z, Lei J, Wu T, Hu W, Zheng M, Wang Y, Song J, Ruan H, Xu L, Ren T, Xu W, Wen Z. Lipogenesis promotes mitochondrial fusion and maintains cancer stemness in human NSCLC. JCI Insight 2023; 8:158429. [PMID: 36809297 PMCID: PMC10070109 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.158429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) are critically involved in cancer metastasis and chemoresistance, acting as one major obstacle in clinical practice. While accumulating studies have implicated the metabolic reprogramming of CSCs, mitochondrial dynamics in such cells remain poorly understood. Here we pinpointed OPA1hi with mitochondrial fusion as a metabolic feature of human lung CSCs, licensing their stem-like properties. Specifically, human lung CSCs exerted enhanced lipogenesis, inducing OPA1 expression via transcription factor SAM Pointed Domain containing ETS transcription Factor (SPDEF). In consequence, OPA1hi promoted mitochondrial fusion and stemness of CSCs. Such lipogenesishi, SPDEFhi, and OPA1hi metabolic adaptions were verified with primary CSCs from lung cancer patients. Accordingly, blocking lipogenesis and mitochondrial fusion efficiently impeded CSC expansion and growth of organoids derived from patients with lung cancer. Together, lipogenesis regulates mitochondrial dynamics via OPA1 for controlling CSCs in human lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiaxin Lei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tong Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weijie Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ming Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingdong Song
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Hang Ruan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lin Xu
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection & Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Tao Ren
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhenke Wen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
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35
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Ji S, Xiong M, Chen H, Liu Y, Zhou L, Hong Y, Wang M, Wang C, Fu X, Sun X. Cellular rejuvenation: molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic interventions for diseases. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:116. [PMID: 36918530 PMCID: PMC10015098 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01343-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The ageing process is a systemic decline from cellular dysfunction to organ degeneration, with more predisposition to deteriorated disorders. Rejuvenation refers to giving aged cells or organisms more youthful characteristics through various techniques, such as cellular reprogramming and epigenetic regulation. The great leaps in cellular rejuvenation prove that ageing is not a one-way street, and many rejuvenative interventions have emerged to delay and even reverse the ageing process. Defining the mechanism by which roadblocks and signaling inputs influence complex ageing programs is essential for understanding and developing rejuvenative strategies. Here, we discuss the intrinsic and extrinsic factors that counteract cell rejuvenation, and the targeted cells and core mechanisms involved in this process. Then, we critically summarize the latest advances in state-of-art strategies of cellular rejuvenation. Various rejuvenation methods also provide insights for treating specific ageing-related diseases, including cellular reprogramming, the removal of senescence cells (SCs) and suppression of senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), metabolic manipulation, stem cells-associated therapy, dietary restriction, immune rejuvenation and heterochronic transplantation, etc. The potential applications of rejuvenation therapy also extend to cancer treatment. Finally, we analyze in detail the therapeutic opportunities and challenges of rejuvenation technology. Deciphering rejuvenation interventions will provide further insights into anti-ageing and ageing-related disease treatment in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuaifei Ji
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to Medical Innovation Research Department and 4th Medical Center, PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical College; PLA Key Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regenerative Medicine and Beijing Key Research Laboratory of Skin Injury, Repair and Regeneration; Research Unit of Trauma Care, Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU051, Beijing, 100048, P. R. China
| | - Mingchen Xiong
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to Medical Innovation Research Department and 4th Medical Center, PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical College; PLA Key Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regenerative Medicine and Beijing Key Research Laboratory of Skin Injury, Repair and Regeneration; Research Unit of Trauma Care, Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU051, Beijing, 100048, P. R. China
| | - Huating Chen
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to Medical Innovation Research Department and 4th Medical Center, PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical College; PLA Key Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regenerative Medicine and Beijing Key Research Laboratory of Skin Injury, Repair and Regeneration; Research Unit of Trauma Care, Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU051, Beijing, 100048, P. R. China
| | - Yiqiong Liu
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to Medical Innovation Research Department and 4th Medical Center, PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical College; PLA Key Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regenerative Medicine and Beijing Key Research Laboratory of Skin Injury, Repair and Regeneration; Research Unit of Trauma Care, Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU051, Beijing, 100048, P. R. China
| | - Laixian Zhou
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to Medical Innovation Research Department and 4th Medical Center, PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical College; PLA Key Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regenerative Medicine and Beijing Key Research Laboratory of Skin Injury, Repair and Regeneration; Research Unit of Trauma Care, Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU051, Beijing, 100048, P. R. China
| | - Yiyue Hong
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to Medical Innovation Research Department and 4th Medical Center, PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical College; PLA Key Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regenerative Medicine and Beijing Key Research Laboratory of Skin Injury, Repair and Regeneration; Research Unit of Trauma Care, Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU051, Beijing, 100048, P. R. China
| | - Mengyang Wang
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to Medical Innovation Research Department and 4th Medical Center, PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical College; PLA Key Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regenerative Medicine and Beijing Key Research Laboratory of Skin Injury, Repair and Regeneration; Research Unit of Trauma Care, Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU051, Beijing, 100048, P. R. China
| | - Chunming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, 999078, Macau SAR, China.
| | - Xiaobing Fu
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to Medical Innovation Research Department and 4th Medical Center, PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical College; PLA Key Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regenerative Medicine and Beijing Key Research Laboratory of Skin Injury, Repair and Regeneration; Research Unit of Trauma Care, Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU051, Beijing, 100048, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaoyan Sun
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to Medical Innovation Research Department and 4th Medical Center, PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical College; PLA Key Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regenerative Medicine and Beijing Key Research Laboratory of Skin Injury, Repair and Regeneration; Research Unit of Trauma Care, Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU051, Beijing, 100048, P. R. China.
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36
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Zhu H, Wu X, Liu R, Zhao Y, Sun L. ECM-Inspired Hydrogels with ADSCs Encapsulation for Rheumatoid Arthritis Treatment. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2206253. [PMID: 36683217 PMCID: PMC10037981 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202206253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Due to their intrinsic anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties, adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are explored as a promising alternative in treating rheumatoid arthritis (RA). To address the poor survival and function loss of directly injected stem cells, efforts in this area are focus on the generation of efficient cell delivery vehicles. Herein, a novel extracellular matrix (ECM)-inspired injectable hydrogel for ADSCs encapsulation and RA treatment is proposed. The hydrogel with dendritic polylysine and polysaccharide components is formed through the reversible Schiff base crosslinking. It possesses self-healing capability, superior mechanical properties, minimal toxicity, and immunomodulatory ability. When encapsulated with ADSCs, the hydrogel could recover chronic inflammation by directly reversing the dominant macrophage phenotype from M1 to M2 and inhibiting the migration of fibroblast-like synoviocytes. Through a collagen-induced arthritis rat model, the tremendous therapeutic outcomes of this ADSCs-laden hydrogel, including inflammation attenuation, cartilage protection, and bone mineral density promotion are demonstrated. These results make the ECM-inspired hydrogel laden with ADSCs an ideal candidate for treating RA and other autoimmune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haofang Zhu
- Department of Rheumatology and ImmunologyInstitute of Translational MedicineThe Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School321 Zhongshan RoadNanjing210008P. R. China
- Department of Rheumatology and ImmunologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University218 Jixi RoadHefei230022P. R. China
| | - Xiangyi Wu
- Department of Rheumatology and ImmunologyInstitute of Translational MedicineThe Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School321 Zhongshan RoadNanjing210008P. R. China
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and ImmunologyInstitute of Translational MedicineThe Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School321 Zhongshan RoadNanjing210008P. R. China
| | - Yuanjin Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology and ImmunologyInstitute of Translational MedicineThe Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School321 Zhongshan RoadNanjing210008P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of BioelectronicsSchool of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringSoutheast University2 SipailouNanjing210096P. R. China
| | - Lingyun Sun
- Department of Rheumatology and ImmunologyInstitute of Translational MedicineThe Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School321 Zhongshan RoadNanjing210008P. R. China
- Department of Rheumatology and ImmunologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University218 Jixi RoadHefei230022P. R. China
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Harada K, Yahata T, Onizuka M, Ishii T, Aziz Ibrahim A, Kikkawa E, Gondo Y, Ando K. Mitochondrial Electron Transport Chain Complex II Dysfunction Causes Premature Aging of Hematopoietic Stem Cells. Stem Cells 2023; 41:39-49. [PMID: 36219686 DOI: 10.1093/stmcls/sxac072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are indispensable in maintaining hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), and mitochondrial complex II (MCII) has been recognized as a key component of HSCs. However, the physiological role of MCII on long-term hematopoiesis and hematopoietic reconstitution capacity remains unknown. Hence, this study evaluated the impact of MCII dysfunctions on long-term HSC maintenance and hematopoietic homeostasis among conditional transgenic mice with a missense mutation in the succinate dehydrogenase complex subunit C gene (SdhcV69E). HSCs collected from SdhcV69E mice had a higher reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and DNA damage in response to mitochondrial activation. Via the aging stress response, MCII dysfunctions caused decreased white blood cell count with myeloid-skewing property, macrocytic anemia, and thrombocytosis. Moreover, the HSCs of aged SdhcV69E mice exhibited greater ROS accumulation and lower membrane potential. Transplantation-induced replicative stress also caused premature senescent hematopoiesis. Furthermore, accelerated ROS accumulation and profound DNA damage in HSCs were observed in the SdhcV69E-derived cell recipients. The long-term hematopoietic reconstitution capacity was remarkably impaired in HSCs from the SdhcV69E-derived cell recipients. Taken together, MCII plays an essential role in long-term hematopoiesis, and MCII dysfunctions with aging or replicative stresses caused excessive ROS accumulation and DNA damage in HSCs, leading to premature senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaito Harada
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan
| | - Takashi Yahata
- Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan.,Department of Innovative Medical Science, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan
| | - Makoto Onizuka
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan
| | - Takamasa Ishii
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan
| | - Abd Aziz Ibrahim
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan.,Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan.,Department of Innovative Medical Science, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan
| | - Eri Kikkawa
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan
| | - Yoichi Gondo
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Ando
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan.,Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan
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38
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Anti-Aging Effects of Anthocyanin Extracts of Sambucus canadensis Caused by Targeting Mitochondrial-Induced Oxidative Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021528. [PMID: 36675036 PMCID: PMC9861870 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Anthocyanin is a natural antioxidant agent extracted from the fruits of Sambucus canadensis, which has been considered to have potential anti-aging effects. Cell senescence is the primary cause of aging and related diseases. Recently, research on the development of compounds for eliminating senescent cells or damaged organs have shown prospects. The compounds which promote the clearing of senescent cells are called "senolytics". Though anthocyanin is considered to have potential anti-aging effects owing to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, the mechanism of the elimination of senescent cells remains unclear. In this study, we prepared anthocyanins extracted from the fruits of Sambucus canadensis and evaluated their anti-aging effects in vivo and in vitro. We found that anthocyanin could significantly reduce cell senescence and aging of the lens by inhibiting the activity of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, consequently promoting the apoptosis of senescent cells, increasing the autophagic and mitophagic flux, and enhancing the renewal of mitochondria and the cell to maintain cellular homeostasis, leading to attenuating aging. Therefore, our study provided a basis for anthocyanin to be used as new "senolytics" in anti-aging.
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39
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Wan L, Wang L, Cheng R, Cheng L, Hu T. Metabolic shift and the effect of mitochondrial respiration on the osteogenic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15164. [PMID: 37101792 PMCID: PMC10124543 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Metabolism shifts from glycolysis to mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation are vital during the differentiation of stem cells. Mitochondria have a direct function in differentiation. However, the metabolic shift and the effect of mitochondria in regulating the osteogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) remain unclear. Methods Human dental pulp stem cells were collected from five healthy donors. Osteogenic differentiation was induced by osteogenic induction medium. The activities of alkaline phosphatase, hexokinase, pyruvate kinase, and lactate dehydrogenase were analyzed by enzymatic activity kits. The extracellular acidification rate and the mitochondrial oxygen consumption rate were measured. The mRNA levels of COL-1, ALP, TFAM, and NRF1 were analyzed. The protein levels of p-AMPK and AMPK were detected by western blotting. Results Glycolysis decreased after a slight increase, while mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation continued to increase when cells grew in osteogenic induction medium. Therefore, the metabolism of differentiating cells switched to mitochondrial respiration. Next, inhibiting mitochondrial respiration with carbonyl cyanide-chlorophenylhydrazone, a mitochondrial uncoupler inhibited hDPSCs differentiation with less ALP activity and decreased ALP and COL-1 mRNA expression. Furthermore, mitochondrial uncoupling led to AMPK activation. 5-Aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide, an AMPK activator, simulated the effect of mitochondrial uncoupling by inhibiting osteogenic differentiation, mitochondrial biogenesis, and mitochondrial morphology. Mitochondrial uncoupling and activation of AMPK depressed mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and inhibited differentiation, suggesting that they may serve as regulators to halt osteogenic differentiation from impaired mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyun Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Frontier Innovation Center for Dental Medicine Plus, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Linyan Wang
- Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ran Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Frontier Innovation Center for Dental Medicine Plus, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Li Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Frontier Innovation Center for Dental Medicine Plus, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Tao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Frontier Innovation Center for Dental Medicine Plus, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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40
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Torres J, Touati E. Mitochondrial Function in Health and Disease: Responses to Helicobacter pylori Metabolism and Impact in Gastric Cancer Development. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2023; 444:53-81. [PMID: 38231215 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-47331-9_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondria are major cellular organelles that play an essential role in metabolism, stress response, immunity, and cell fate. Mitochondria are organized in a network with other cellular compartments, functioning as a signaling hub to maintain cells' health. Mitochondrial dysfunctions and genome alterations are associated with diseases including cancer. Mitochondria are a preferential target for pathogens, which have developed various mechanisms to hijack cellular functions for their benefit. Helicobacter pylori is recognized as the major risk factor for gastric cancer development. H. pylori induces oxidative stress and chronic gastric inflammation associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. Its pro-apoptotic cytotoxin VacA interacts with the mitochondrial inner membrane, leading to increased permeability and decreased ATP production. Furthermore, H. pylori induces mitochondrial DNA damage and mutation, concomitant with the development of gastric intraepithelial neoplasia as observed in infected mice. In this chapter, we present diverse aspects of the role of mitochondria as energy supplier and signaling hubs and their adaptation to stress conditions. The metabolic activity of mitochondria is directly linked to biosynthetic pathways. While H. pylori virulence factors and derived metabolites are essential for gastric colonization and niche adaptation, they may also impact mitochondrial function and metabolism, and may have consequences in gastric pathogenesis. Importantly, during its long way to reach the gastric epithelium, H. pylori faces various cellular types along the gastric mucosa. We discuss how the mitochondrial response of these different cells is affected by H. pylori and impacts the colonization and bacterium niche adaptation and point to areas that remain to be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Torres
- Unidad de Investigacion en Enfermedades Infecciosas, UMAE Pediatriıa, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Eliette Touati
- Equipe DMic01-Infection, Génotoxicité et Cancer, Département de Microbiologie, UMR CNRS 6047, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, F-75015, Paris, France.
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Immonen E, Sayadi A, Stojković B, Savković U, Đorđević M, Liljestrand-Rönn J, Wiberg RAW, Arnqvist G. Experimental Life History Evolution Results in Sex-specific Evolution of Gene Expression in Seed Beetles. Genome Biol Evol 2022; 15:6948356. [PMID: 36542472 PMCID: PMC9830990 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evac177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The patterns of reproductive timing and senescence vary within and across species owing to differences in reproductive strategies, but our understanding of the molecular underpinnings of such variation is incomplete. This is perhaps particularly true for sex differences. We investigated the evolution of sex-specific gene expression associated with life history divergence in replicated populations of the seed beetle Acanthoscelides obtectus, experimentally evolving under (E)arly or (L)ate life reproduction for >200 generations which has resulted in strongly divergent life histories. We detected 1,646 genes that were differentially expressed in E and L lines, consistent with a highly polygenic basis of life history evolution. Only 30% of differentially expressed genes were similarly affected in males and females. The evolution of long life was associated with significantly reduced sex differences in expression, especially in non-reproductive tissues. The expression differences were overall more pronounced in females, in accordance with their greater phenotypic divergence in lifespan. Functional enrichment analysis revealed differences between E and L beetles in gene categories previously implicated in aging, such as mitochondrial function and defense response. The results show that divergent life history evolution can be associated with profound changes in gene expression that alter the transcriptome in a sex-specific way, highlighting the importance of understanding the mechanisms of aging in each sex.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ahmed Sayadi
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Biljana Stojković
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia,Faculty of Biology, Institute of Zoology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Uroš Savković
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Mirko Đorđević
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - R Axel W Wiberg
- Evolutionary Biology, Department of Ecology and Genetics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Göran Arnqvist
- Animal Ecology, Department of Ecology and Genetics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Yi W, Chen F, Zhang H, Tang P, Yuan M, Wen J, Wang S, Cai Z. Role of angiotensin II in aging. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:1002138. [PMID: 36533172 PMCID: PMC9755866 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.1002138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is an inevitable progressive decline in physiological organ function that increases the chance of disease and death. The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is involved in the regulation of vasoconstriction, fluid homeostasis, cell growth, fibrosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress. In recent years, unprecedented advancement has been made in the RAS study, particularly with the observation that angiotensin II (Ang II), the central product of the RAS, plays a significant role in aging and chronic disease burden with aging. Binding to its receptors (Ang II type 1 receptor - AT1R in particular), Ang II acts as a mediator in the aging process by increasing free radical production and, consequently, mitochondrial dysfunction and telomere attrition. In this review, we examine the physiological function of the RAS and reactive oxygen species (ROS) sources in detail, highlighting how Ang II amplifies or drives mitochondrial dysfunction and telomere attrition underlying each hallmark of aging and contributes to the development of aging and age-linked diseases. Accordingly, the Ang II/AT1R pathway opens a new preventive and therapeutic direction for delaying aging and reducing the incidence of age-related diseases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenmin Yi
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Institute Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Chongqing, China
| | - Fei Chen
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Institute Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Chongqing, China
| | - Huiji Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Institute Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Peng Tang
- Chongqing Institute Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Minghao Yuan
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Institute Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Chongqing, China
| | - Jie Wen
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Chongqing, China
- Department and Institute of Neurology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Shengyuan Wang
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Institute Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhiyou Cai
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Institute Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Chongqing, China
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Li J, Zhang S, Zhang Y, Dai Y, Zhang Y, Yang A, Hong F, Pan Y. Atg9A-mediated mitophagy is required for decidual differentiation of endometrial stromal cells. Reprod Biol 2022; 22:100707. [DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2022.100707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Jiao Y, Palli SR. Mitochondria dysfunction impairs Tribolium castaneum wing development during metamorphosis. Commun Biol 2022; 5:1252. [PMID: 36380075 PMCID: PMC9666433 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-04185-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The disproportionate growth of insect appendages such as facultative growth of wings and exaggeration of beetle horns are examples of phenotypic plasticity. Insect metamorphosis is the critical stage for development of pupal and adult structures and degeneration of the larval cells. How the disproportionate growth of external appendages is regulated during tissue remodeling remains unanswered. Tribolium castaneum is used as a model to study the function of mitochondria in metamorphosis. Mitochondrial dysfunction is achieved by the knockdown of key mitochondrial regulators. Here we show that mitochondrial function is not required for metamorphosis except that severe mitochondrial dysfunction blocks ecdysis. Surprisingly, various abnormal wing growth, including short and wingless phenotypes, are induced after knocking down mitochondrial regulators. Mitochondrial activity is regulated by IIS (insulin/insulin-like growth factor signaling)/FOXO (forkhead box, sub-group O) pathway through TFAM (transcription factor A, mitochondrial). RNA sequencing and differential gene expression analysis show that wing-patterning and insect hormone response genes are downregulated, while programmed cell death and immune response genes are upregulated in insect wing discs with mitochondrial dysfunction. These studies reveal that mitochondria play critical roles in regulating insect wing growth by targeting wing development during metamorphosis, thus showing a novel molecular mechanism underlying developmental plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoyu Jiao
- grid.266539.d0000 0004 1936 8438Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546 USA
| | - Subba Reddy Palli
- grid.266539.d0000 0004 1936 8438Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546 USA
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Darekar S, Laín S. Asymmetric inheritance of cytoophidia could contribute to determine cell fate and plasticity: The onset of alternative differentiation patterns in daughter cells may rely on the acquisition of either CTPS or IMPDH cytoophidia: The onset of alternative differentiation patterns in daughter cells may rely on the acquisition of either CTPS or IMPDH cytoophidia. Bioessays 2022; 44:e2200128. [PMID: 36209393 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202200128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Two enzymes involved in the synthesis of pyrimidine and purine nucleotides, CTP synthase (CTPS) and IMP dehydrogenase (IMPDH), can assemble into a single or very few large filaments called rods and rings (RR) or cytoophidia. Most recently, asymmetric cytoplasmic distribution of organelles during cell division has been described as a decisive event in hematopoietic stem cell fate. We propose that cytoophidia, which could be considered as membrane-less organelles, may also be distributed asymmetrically during mammalian cell division as previously described for Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Furthermore, because each type of nucleotide intervenes in distinct processes (e.g., membrane synthesis, glycosylation, and G protein-signaling), alterations in the rate of synthesis of specific nucleotide types could influence cell differentiation in multiple ways. Therefore, we hypothesize that whether a daughter cell inherits or not CTPS or IMPDH filaments determines its fate and that this asymmetric inheritance, together with the dynamic nature of these structures enables plasticity in a cell population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhas Darekar
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Biomedicum, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sonia Laín
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Biomedicum, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Fujii M, Setoyama D, Gotoh K, Dozono Y, Yagi M, Ikeda M, Ide T, Uchiumi T, Kang D. TFAM expression in brown adipocytes confers obesity resistance by secreting extracellular vesicles that promote self-activation. iScience 2022; 25:104889. [PMID: 36046191 PMCID: PMC9421388 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The occurrence of diet-induced obesity has been increasing worldwide and has become a major health concern. Mitochondria are densely distributed in brown adipose tissue and are involved in lipid consumption. Therefore, increasing energy expenditure through the activation of brown adipocytes may be a potential therapy for obesity. Our findings showed that mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) homozygous transgenic (TgTg) mice had highly activated brown adipocytes and increased expression of oxidative phosphorylation, leading to resistance to obesity. Transplantation models of TFAM-expressing brown adipocytes could mimic the phenotype of TFAM TgTg mice, and proving their anti-obesity effect. We found that brown adipocytes secrete exosomes which enable self-activation in an autocrine and paracrine manner. The secretion was enhanced in TFAM TgTg brown adipocytes, resulting in a higher activation. These findings may lead to a promising treatment strategy for obesity through selective stimulation of exosome secretion. Human TFAM overexpression in BAT promotes strong anti-obesity effects Increasing mitochondrial function in hTFAM TgTg mice facilitates EVs secretion Enhanced EV released in TgTg brown adipocytes induce self-differentiation/activation
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Affiliation(s)
- Masakazu Fujii
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fukuoka Prefectural Social Insurance Medical Association, Inatsuki Hospital, Kama 820-0207, Japan
- Department of Internal Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
- Corresponding author
| | - Daiki Setoyama
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Kazuhito Gotoh
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yushi Dozono
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Mikako Yagi
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
- Department of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Masataka Ikeda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Tomomi Ide
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Takeshi Uchiumi
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
- Department of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Dongchon Kang
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
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Fei W, Pang E, Hou L, Dai J, Liu M, Wang X, Xie B, Wang J. Synergistic Effect of Hydrogen and 5-Aza on Myogenic Differentiation through the p38 MAPK Signaling Pathway in Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Int J Stem Cells 2022; 16:78-92. [PMID: 36042011 PMCID: PMC9978834 DOI: 10.15283/ijsc21238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives This study aims to clarify the systems underlying regulation and regulatory roles of hydrogen combined with 5-Aza in the myogenic differentiation of adipose mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs). Methods and Results In this study, ADSCs acted as an in vitro myogenic differentiating mode. First, the Alamar blue Staining and mitochondrial tracer technique were used to verify whether hydrogen combined with 5-Aza could promote cell proliferation. In addition, this study assessed myogenic differentiating markers (e.g., Myogenin, Mhc and Myod protein expressions) based on the Western blotting assay, analysis on cellular morphological characteristics (e.g., Myotube number, length, diameter and maturation index), RT-PCR (Myod, Myogenin and Mhc mRNA expression) and Immunofluorescence analysis (Desmin, Myosin and β-actin protein expression). Finally, to verify the mechanism of myogenic differentiation of hydrogen-bound 5-Aza, we performed bioinformatics analysis and Western blot to detect the expression of p-P38 protein. Hydrogen combined with 5-Aza significantly enhanced the proliferation and myogenic differentiation of ADSCs in vitro by increasing the number of single-cell mitochondria and upregulating the expression of myogenic biomarkers such as Myod, Mhc and myotube formation. The expressions of p-P38 was up-regulated by hydrogen combined with 5-Aza. The differentiating ability was suppressed when the cells were cultivated in combination with SB203580 (p38 MAPK signal pathway inhibitor). Conclusions Hydrogen alleviates the cytotoxicity of 5-Aza and synergistically promotes the myogenic differentiation capacity of adipose stem cells via the p38 MAPK pathway. Thus, the mentioned results present insights into myogenic differentiation and are likely to generate one potential alternative strategy for skeletal muscle related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyong Fei
- Department of Sports Medicine, Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Erkai Pang
- Department of Sports Medicine, Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Lei Hou
- Department of Sports Medicine, Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jihang Dai
- Department of Sports Medicine, Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Mingsheng Liu
- Department of Sports Medicine, Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xuanqi Wang
- Department of Sports Medicine, Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Bin Xie
- Department of Sports Medicine, Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jingcheng Wang
- Department of Sports Medicine, Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China,Correspondence to Jingcheng Wang, Department of Sports Medicine, Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, 98# Nantong xi Road, Yangzhou 225001, China , Tel: +86-13909254888, Fax: +86-051487373425, E-mail:
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Guo J, Zhou F, Liu Z, Cao Y, Zhao W, Zhang Z, Zhai Q, Jin Y, Li B, Jin F. Exosome‐shuttled mitochondrial transcription factor A mRNA promotes the osteogenesis of dental pulp stem cells through mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation activation. Cell Prolif 2022; 55:e13324. [DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Guo
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Feng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Zhi Liu
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Yuan Cao
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Wanming Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Zheru Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Qiming Zhai
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Yan Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Bei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Fang Jin
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
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Xie Y, Zhang Y, Sun A, Peng Y, Hou W, Xiang C, Zhang G, Lai B, Hou X, Zheng F, Wang F, Liu G. The coupling of mitoproteolysis and oxidative phosphorylation enables tracking of an active mitochondrial state through MitoTimer fluorescence. Redox Biol 2022; 56:102447. [PMID: 36027677 PMCID: PMC9425061 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The regulation of mitochondria function and health is a central node in tissue maintenance, ageing as well as the pathogenesis of various diseases. However, the maintenance of an active mitochondrial functional state and its quality control mechanisms remain incompletely understood. By studying mice with a mitochondria-targeted reporter that shifts its fluorescence from "green" to "red" with time (MitoTimer), we found MitoTimer fluorescence spectrum was heavily dependent on the oxidative metabolic state in the skeletal muscle fibers. The mitoproteolytic activity was enhanced in an energy dependent manner, and accelerated the turnover of MitoTimer protein and respiratory chain substrate, responsible for a green predominant MitoTimer fluorescence spectrum under the oxidative conditions. PGC1α, as well as anti-ageing regents promoted enhanced mitoproteolysis. In addition, cells with the green predominant mitochondria exhibited lower levels of MitoSox and protein carbonylation, indicating a favorable redox state. Thus, we identified MitoTimer as a probe for mitoproteolytic activity in vivo and found a heightened control of mitoproteolysis in the oxidative metabolic state, providing a framework for understanding the maintenance of active oxidative metabolism while limiting oxidative damages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinyin Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animals for Disease Study and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Model Animal Research Center, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, 12 Xuefu Road, Pukou High-Tec District, Nanjing, JiangSu Province, 210061, China
| | - Yannan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animals for Disease Study and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Model Animal Research Center, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, 12 Xuefu Road, Pukou High-Tec District, Nanjing, JiangSu Province, 210061, China
| | - Aina Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animals for Disease Study and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Model Animal Research Center, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, 12 Xuefu Road, Pukou High-Tec District, Nanjing, JiangSu Province, 210061, China
| | - Yamei Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animals for Disease Study and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Model Animal Research Center, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, 12 Xuefu Road, Pukou High-Tec District, Nanjing, JiangSu Province, 210061, China
| | - Weikang Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animals for Disease Study and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Model Animal Research Center, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, 12 Xuefu Road, Pukou High-Tec District, Nanjing, JiangSu Province, 210061, China
| | - Cong Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animals for Disease Study and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Model Animal Research Center, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, 12 Xuefu Road, Pukou High-Tec District, Nanjing, JiangSu Province, 210061, China
| | - Guoxin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animals for Disease Study and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Model Animal Research Center, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, 12 Xuefu Road, Pukou High-Tec District, Nanjing, JiangSu Province, 210061, China
| | - Beibei Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animals for Disease Study and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Model Animal Research Center, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, 12 Xuefu Road, Pukou High-Tec District, Nanjing, JiangSu Province, 210061, China
| | - Xiaoshuang Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animals for Disease Study and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Model Animal Research Center, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, 12 Xuefu Road, Pukou High-Tec District, Nanjing, JiangSu Province, 210061, China
| | - Fangfang Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animals for Disease Study and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Model Animal Research Center, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, 12 Xuefu Road, Pukou High-Tec District, Nanjing, JiangSu Province, 210061, China
| | - Fan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animals for Disease Study and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Model Animal Research Center, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, 12 Xuefu Road, Pukou High-Tec District, Nanjing, JiangSu Province, 210061, China
| | - Geng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animals for Disease Study and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Model Animal Research Center, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, 12 Xuefu Road, Pukou High-Tec District, Nanjing, JiangSu Province, 210061, China.
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Zhang G, Wang Y, Lin J, Wang B, Mohsin A, Cheng Z, Hao W, Gao WQ, Xu H, Guo M. Biological activity reduction and mitochondrial and lysosomal dysfunction of mesenchymal stem cells aging in vitro. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:411. [PMID: 35964126 PMCID: PMC9375398 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-03107-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been extensively used for the treatment of various diseases in preclinical and clinical trials. In vitro propagation is needed to attain enough cells for clinical use. However, cell aging and viability reduction caused by long-time culture have not been thoroughly investigated, especially for the function of mitochondria and lysosomes. Therefore, this study was designed to detect mitochondrial and lysosomal activity, morphological and functional changes in human umbilical cord MSCs (UMSCs) after long-time culture. METHODS First, we examined cell activities, including proliferation and immigration ability, differentiation potential, and immunosuppressive capacity of UMSCs at an early and late passages as P4 (named UMSC-P4) and P9 (named UMSC-P9), respectively. Then, we compared the mitochondrial morphology of UMSC-P4 and UMSC-P9 using the electronic microscope and MitoTracker Red dyes. Furthermore, we investigated mitochondrial function, including mitochondrial membrane potential, antioxidative ability, apoptosis, and ferroptosis detected by respective probe. Cell energy metabolism was tested by mass spectrometry. In addition, we compared the lysosomal morphology of UMSC-P4 and UMSC-P9 by electronic microscope and lysoTracker Red dyes. Finally, the transcriptome sequence was performed to analyze the total gene expression of these cells. RESULTS It was found that UMSC-P9 exhibited a reduced biological activity and showed an impaired mitochondrial morphology with disordered structure, reduced mitochondrial crista, and mitochondrial fragments. They also displayed decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, antioxidative ability, tricarboxylic acid cycle activity and energy production. At the same time, apoptosis and ferroptosis were increased. In addition, UMSC-P9, relative to UMSC-P4, showed undegraded materials in their lysosomes, the enhancement in lysosomal membrane permeability, the reduction in autophagy and phagocytosis. Moreover, transcriptome sequence analysis also revealed a reduction of cell function, metabolism, mitochondrial biogenesis, DNA replication and repair, and an increase of gene expression related to cell senescence, cancer, diseases, and infection in UMSC-P9. CONCLUSION This study indicates that in vitro long-time culturing of MSCs can cause mitochondrial and lysosomal dysfunction, probably contributing to the decline of cell activity and cell aging. Therefore, the morphology and function of mitochondria and lysosomes can be regarded as two important parameters to monitor cell viability, and they can also serve as two important indicators for optimizing in vitro culture conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 329#, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-MedX Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Yuli Wang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Jianhua Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Bo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 329#, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-MedX Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Ali Mohsin
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 329#, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhimin Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-MedX Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Weijie Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-MedX Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Wei-Qiang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-MedX Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, 200127, China. .,Med-X Research Institute and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China.
| | - Huiming Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-MedX Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, 200127, China.
| | - Meijin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 329#, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China.
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