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Gahlawat S, Oruc D, Paul N, Ragheb M, Patel S, Fasasi O, Sharma P, Shreiber DI, Freeman JW. Tissue Engineered 3D Constructs for Volumetric Muscle Loss. Ann Biomed Eng 2024; 52:2325-2347. [PMID: 39085677 PMCID: PMC11329418 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-024-03541-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Severe injuries to skeletal muscles, including cases of volumetric muscle loss (VML), are linked to substantial tissue damage, resulting in functional impairment and lasting disability. While skeletal muscle can regenerate following minor damage, extensive tissue loss in VML disrupts the natural regenerative capacity of the affected muscle tissue. Existing clinical approaches for VML, such as soft-tissue reconstruction and advanced bracing methods, need to be revised to restore tissue function and are associated with limitations in tissue availability and donor-site complications. Advancements in tissue engineering (TE), particularly in scaffold design and the delivery of cells and growth factors, show promising potential for regenerating damaged skeletal muscle tissue and restoring function. This article provides a brief overview of the pathophysiology of VML and critiques the shortcomings of current treatments. The subsequent section focuses on the criteria for designing TE scaffolds, offering insights into various natural and synthetic biomaterials and cell types for effectively regenerating skeletal muscle. We also review multiple TE strategies involving both acellular and cellular scaffolds to encourage the development and maturation of muscle tissue and facilitate integration, vascularization, and innervation. Finally, the article explores technical challenges hindering successful translation into clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonal Gahlawat
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University-New Brunswick, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Doga Oruc
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University-New Brunswick, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Nikhil Paul
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University-New Brunswick, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Mark Ragheb
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University-New Brunswick, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Swati Patel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University-New Brunswick, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Oyinkansola Fasasi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University-New Brunswick, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Peeyush Sharma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University-New Brunswick, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - David I Shreiber
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University-New Brunswick, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Joseph W Freeman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University-New Brunswick, Piscataway, NJ, USA.
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2
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Joshi O, Skóra T, Yarema A, Rabbitt RD, Bidone TC. Contributions of the individual domains of α IIbβ 3 integrin to its extension: Insights from multiscale modeling. Cytoskeleton (Hoboken) 2024; 81:393-408. [PMID: 38682753 PMCID: PMC11333186 DOI: 10.1002/cm.21865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
The platelet integrin αIIbβ3 undergoes long-range conformational transitions between bent and extended conformations to regulate platelet aggregation during hemostasis and thrombosis. However, how exactly αIIbβ3 transitions between conformations remains largely elusive. Here, we studied how transitions across bent and extended-closed conformations of αIIbβ3 integrin are regulated by effective interactions between its functional domains. We first carried out μs-long equilibrium molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of full-length αIIbβ3 integrins in bent and intermediate conformations, the latter characterized by an extended headpiece and closed legs. Then, we built heterogeneous elastic network models, perturbed inter-domain interactions, and evaluated their relative contributions to the energy barriers between conformations. Results showed that integrin extension emerges from: (i) changes in interfaces between functional domains; (ii) allosteric coupling of the head and upper leg domains with flexible lower leg domains. Collectively, these results provide new insights into integrin conformational activation based on short- and long-range interactions between its functional domains and highlight the importance of the lower legs in the regulation of integrin allostery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onkar Joshi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
- Scientific Computing and Imaging Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Tomasz Skóra
- Scientific Computing and Imaging Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Anna Yarema
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Richard D Rabbitt
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Tamara C Bidone
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
- Scientific Computing and Imaging Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmaceutics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
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3
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Ding S, Chen Y, Huang C, Song L, Liang Z, Wei B. Perception and response of skeleton to mechanical stress. Phys Life Rev 2024; 49:77-94. [PMID: 38564907 DOI: 10.1016/j.plrev.2024.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Mechanical stress stands as a fundamental factor in the intricate processes governing the growth, development, morphological shaping, and maintenance of skeletal mass. The profound influence of stress in shaping the skeletal framework prompts the assertion that stress essentially births the skeleton. Despite this acknowledgment, the mechanisms by which the skeleton perceives and responds to mechanical stress remain enigmatic. In this comprehensive review, our scrutiny focuses on the structural composition and characteristics of sclerotin, leading us to posit that it serves as the primary structure within the skeleton responsible for bearing and perceiving mechanical stress. Furthermore, we propose that osteocytes within the sclerotin emerge as the principal mechanical-sensitive cells, finely attuned to perceive mechanical stress. And a detailed analysis was conducted on the possible transmission pathways of mechanical stress from the extracellular matrix to the nucleus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sicheng Ding
- Department of Minimally invasive spine surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China
| | - Yiren Chen
- Department of Minimally invasive spine surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China
| | - Chengshuo Huang
- Department of Minimally invasive spine surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China
| | - Lijun Song
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China
| | - Zhen Liang
- Department of Minimally invasive spine surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China.
| | - Bo Wei
- Department of Minimally invasive spine surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China.
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4
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Li L, Griebel ME, Uroz M, Bubli SY, Gagnon KA, Trappmann B, Baker BM, Eyckmans J, Chen CS. A Protein-Adsorbent Hydrogel with Tunable Stiffness for Tissue Culture Demonstrates Matrix-Dependent Stiffness Responses. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2024; 34:2309567. [PMID: 38693998 PMCID: PMC11060701 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202309567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Although tissue culture plastic has been widely employed for cell culture, the rigidity of plastic is not physiologic. Softer hydrogels used to culture cells have not been widely adopted in part because coupling chemistries are required to covalently capture extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins and support cell adhesion. To create an in vitro system with tunable stiffnesses that readily adsorbs ECM proteins for cell culture, we present a novel hydrophobic hydrogel system via chemically converting hydroxyl residues on the dextran backbone to methacrylate groups, thereby transforming non-protein adhesive, hydrophilic dextran to highly protein adsorbent substrates. Increasing methacrylate functionality increases the hydrophobicity in the resulting hydrogels and enhances ECM protein adsorption without additional chemical reactions. These hydrophobic hydrogels permit facile and tunable modulation of substrate stiffness independent of hydrophobicity or ECM coatings. Using this approach, we show that substrate stiffness and ECM adsorption work together to affect cell morphology and proliferation, but the strengths of these effects vary in different cell types. Furthermore, we reveal that stiffness mediated differentiation of dermal fibroblasts into myofibroblasts is modulated by the substrate ECM. Our material system demonstrates remarkable simplicity and flexibility to tune ECM coatings and substrate stiffness and study their effects on cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linqing Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Biological Design Center, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, United States
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, 02115, United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire, 03824, United States
| | - Megan E Griebel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Biological Design Center, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, United States
| | - Marina Uroz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Biological Design Center, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, United States
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, 02115, United States
| | - Saniya Yesmin Bubli
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire, 03824, United States
| | - Keith A Gagnon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Biological Design Center, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, United States
| | - Britta Trappmann
- Bioactive Materials Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Röntgenstraße 20, Münster, 48149 Germany
| | - Brendon M Baker
- Engineered Microenvironments and Mechanobiology Lab, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109 United States
| | - Jeroen Eyckmans
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Biological Design Center, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, United States
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, 02115, United States
| | - Christopher S Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Biological Design Center, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, United States
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, 02115, United States
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5
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Cosgrove BD, Bounds LR, Taylor CK, Su AL, Rizzo AJ, Barrera A, Crawford GE, Hoffman BD, Gersbach CA. Mechanosensitive genomic enhancers potentiate the cellular response to matrix stiffness. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.10.574997. [PMID: 38260455 PMCID: PMC10802421 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.10.574997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Epigenetic control of cellular transcription and phenotype is influenced by changes in the cellular microenvironment, yet how mechanical cues from these microenvironments precisely influence epigenetic state to regulate transcription remains largely unmapped. Here, we combine genome-wide epigenome profiling, epigenome editing, and phenotypic and single-cell RNA-seq CRISPR screening to identify a new class of genomic enhancers that responds to the mechanical microenvironment. These 'mechanoenhancers' could be active on either soft or stiff extracellular matrix contexts, and regulated transcription to influence critical cell functions including apoptosis, mechanotransduction, proliferation, and migration. Epigenetic editing of mechanoenhancers on rigid materials tuned gene expression to levels observed on softer materials, thereby reprogramming the cellular response to the mechanical microenvironment. These editing approaches may enable the precise alteration of mechanically-driven disease states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian D. Cosgrove
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University; Durham, NC 27708, USA
- Center for Advanced Genomic Technologies, Duke University; Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Lexi R. Bounds
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University; Durham, NC 27708, USA
- Center for Advanced Genomic Technologies, Duke University; Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Carson Key Taylor
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University; Durham, NC 27708, USA
- Center for Advanced Genomic Technologies, Duke University; Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Alan L. Su
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University; Durham, NC 27708, USA
- Center for Advanced Genomic Technologies, Duke University; Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Anthony J. Rizzo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University; Durham, NC 27708, USA
- Center for Advanced Genomic Technologies, Duke University; Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Alejandro Barrera
- Center for Advanced Genomic Technologies, Duke University; Durham, NC 27708, USA
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University; Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Gregory E. Crawford
- Center for Advanced Genomic Technologies, Duke University; Durham, NC 27708, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center; Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Brenton D. Hoffman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University; Durham, NC 27708, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University; Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Charles A. Gersbach
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University; Durham, NC 27708, USA
- Center for Advanced Genomic Technologies, Duke University; Durham, NC 27708, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University; Durham, NC 27708, USA
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center; Durham, NC 27708, USA
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6
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Bastianello G, Porcella G, Beznoussenko GV, Kidiyoor G, Ascione F, Li Q, Cattaneo A, Matafora V, Disanza A, Quarto M, Mironov AA, Oldani A, Barozzi S, Bachi A, Costanzo V, Scita G, Foiani M. Cell stretching activates an ATM mechano-transduction pathway that remodels cytoskeleton and chromatin. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113555. [PMID: 38088930 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) and ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related (ATR) DNA damage response (DDR) kinases contain elastic domains. ATM also responds to reactive oxygen species (ROS) and ATR to nuclear mechanical stress. Mre11 mediates ATM activation following DNA damage; ATM mutations cause ataxia telangiectasia (A-T). Here, using in vivo imaging, electron microscopy, proteomic, and mechano-biology approaches, we study how ATM responds to mechanical stress. We report that cytoskeleton and ROS, but not Mre11, mediate ATM activation following cell deformation. ATM deficiency causes hyper-stiffness, stress fiber accumulation, Yes-associated protein (YAP) nuclear enrichment, plasma and nuclear membrane alterations during interstitial migration, and H3 hyper-methylation. ATM locates to the actin cytoskeleton and, following cytoskeleton stress, promotes phosphorylation of key cytoskeleton and chromatin regulators. Our data contribute to explain some clinical features of patients with A-T and pinpoint the existence of an integrated mechano-response in which ATM and ATR have distinct roles unrelated to their canonical DDR functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Bastianello
- IFOM, the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, 20139 Milan, Italy; Oncology and Haemato-Oncology Department, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy.
| | | | | | - Gururaj Kidiyoor
- IFOM, the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Flora Ascione
- IFOM, the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Qingsen Li
- IFOM, the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Andrea Disanza
- IFOM, the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Micaela Quarto
- IFOM, the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | | | - Amanda Oldani
- IFOM, the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Barozzi
- IFOM, the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Angela Bachi
- IFOM, the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Costanzo
- IFOM, the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, 20139 Milan, Italy; Oncology and Haemato-Oncology Department, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Giorgio Scita
- IFOM, the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, 20139 Milan, Italy; Oncology and Haemato-Oncology Department, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Foiani
- IFOM, the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, 20139 Milan, Italy; Oncology and Haemato-Oncology Department, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy.
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7
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Mielnicka A, Kołodziej T, Dziob D, Lasota S, Sroka J, Rajfur Z. Impact of elastic substrate on the dynamic heterogeneity of WC256 Walker carcinosarcoma cells. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15743. [PMID: 37735532 PMCID: PMC10514059 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35313-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular heterogeneity is a phenomenon in which cell populations are composed of subpopulations that vary in their behavior. Heterogeneity is particularly pronounced in cancer cells and can affect the efficacy of oncological therapies. Previous studies have considered heterogeneity dynamics to be indicative of evolutionary changes within subpopulations; however, these studies do not consider the short-time morphological plasticity of cells. Physical properties of the microenvironment elasticity have also been poorly investigated within the context of cellular heterogeneity, despite its role in determining cellular behavior. This article demonstrates that cellular heterogeneity can be highly dynamic and dependent on the micromechanical properties of the substrate. During observation, migrating Walker carcinosarcoma WC256 cells were observed to belong to different subpopulations, in which their morphologies and migration strategies differed. Furthermore, the application of an elastic substrate (E = 40 kPa) modified three aspects of cellular heterogeneity: the occurrence of subpopulations, the occurrence of transitions between subpopulations, and cellular migration and morphology. These findings provide a new perspective in the analysis of cellular heterogeneity, whereby it may not be a static feature of cancer cell populations, instead varying over time. This helps further the understanding of cancer cell behavior, including their phenotype and migration strategy, which may help to improve cancer therapies by extending their suitability to investigate tumor heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Mielnicka
- Department of Molecular and Interfacial Biophysics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University, ul. Lojasiewicza 11, 30-348, Kraków, Poland
- BRAINCITY, Laboratory of Neurobiology, The Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, PAS, ul. Ludwika Pasteura 3, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz Kołodziej
- Department of Molecular and Interfacial Biophysics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University, ul. Lojasiewicza 11, 30-348, Kraków, Poland
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biophysics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, ul. Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Daniel Dziob
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biophysics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, ul. Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Sławomir Lasota
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, ul. Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| | - Jolanta Sroka
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, ul. Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| | - Zenon Rajfur
- Department of Molecular and Interfacial Biophysics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University, ul. Lojasiewicza 11, 30-348, Kraków, Poland.
- Jagiellonian Center of Biomedical Imaging, Jagiellonian University, 30-348, Kraków, Poland.
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8
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Yadav S, Singha P, Nguyen NK, Ooi CH, Kashaninejad N, Nguyen NT. Uniaxial Cyclic Cell Stretching Device for Accelerating Cellular Studies. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:1537. [PMID: 37630073 PMCID: PMC10456305 DOI: 10.3390/mi14081537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Cellular response to mechanical stimuli is a crucial factor for maintaining cell homeostasis. The interaction between the extracellular matrix and mechanical stress plays a significant role in organizing the cytoskeleton and aligning cells. Tools that apply mechanical forces to cells and tissues, as well as those capable of measuring the mechanical properties of biological cells, have greatly contributed to our understanding of fundamental mechanobiology. These tools have been extensively employed to unveil the substantial influence of mechanical cues on the development and progression of various diseases. In this report, we present an economical and high-performance uniaxial cell stretching device. This paper reports the detailed operation concept of the device, experimental design, and characterization. The device was tested with MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. The experimental results agree well with previously documented morphological changes resulting from stretching forces on cancer cells. Remarkably, our new device demonstrates comparable cellular changes within 30 min compared with the previous 2 h stretching duration. This third-generation device significantly improved the stretching capabilities compared with its previous counterparts, resulting in a remarkable reduction in stretching time and a substantial increase in overall efficiency. Moreover, the device design incorporates an open-source software interface, facilitating convenient parameter adjustments such as strain, stretching speed, frequency, and duration. Its versatility enables seamless integration with various optical microscopes, thereby yielding novel insights into the realm of mechanobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Nam-Trung Nguyen
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre (QMNC), Griffith University, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia; (S.Y.); (P.S.); (N.-K.N.); (C.H.O.); (N.K.)
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9
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Toffali L, D'Ulivo B, Giagulli C, Montresor A, Zenaro E, Delledonne M, Rossato M, Iadarola B, Sbarbati A, Bernardi P, Angelini G, Rossi B, Lopez N, Linke WA, Unger A, Di Silvestre D, Benazzi L, De Palma A, Motta S, Constantin G, Mauri P, Laudanna C. An isoform of the giant protein titin is a master regulator of human T lymphocyte trafficking. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112516. [PMID: 37204926 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Response to multiple microenvironmental cues and resilience to mechanical stress are essential features of trafficking leukocytes. Here, we describe unexpected role of titin (TTN), the largest protein encoded by the human genome, in the regulation of mechanisms of lymphocyte trafficking. Human T and B lymphocytes express five TTN isoforms, exhibiting cell-specific expression, distinct localization to plasma membrane microdomains, and different distribution to cytosolic versus nuclear compartments. In T lymphocytes, the LTTN1 isoform governs the morphogenesis of plasma membrane microvilli independently of ERM protein phosphorylation status, thus allowing selectin-mediated capturing and rolling adhesions. Likewise, LTTN1 controls chemokine-triggered integrin activation. Accordingly, LTTN1 mediates rho and rap small GTPases activation, but not actin polymerization. In contrast, chemotaxis is facilitated by LTTN1 degradation. Finally, LTTN1 controls resilience to passive cell deformation and ensures T lymphocyte survival in the blood stream. LTTN1 is, thus, a critical and versatile housekeeping regulator of T lymphocyte trafficking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Toffali
- Department of Medicine, Division of General Pathology, Laboratory of Cell Trafficking and Signal Transduction, University of Verona; 37134 Verona, Veneto, Italy
| | - Beatrice D'Ulivo
- Department of Medicine, Division of General Pathology, Laboratory of Cell Trafficking and Signal Transduction, University of Verona; 37134 Verona, Veneto, Italy
| | - Cinzia Giagulli
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia; 25123 Brescia, Lombardia, Italy
| | - Alessio Montresor
- Department of Medicine, Division of General Pathology, Laboratory of Cell Trafficking and Signal Transduction, University of Verona; 37134 Verona, Veneto, Italy; The Center for Biomedical Computing (CBMC), University of Verona; 37134 Verona, Veneto, Italy
| | - Elena Zenaro
- Department of Medicine, Division of General Pathology, Laboratory of Cell Trafficking and Signal Transduction, University of Verona; 37134 Verona, Veneto, Italy
| | - Massimo Delledonne
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona; 37134 Verona, Veneto, Italy
| | - Marzia Rossato
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona; 37134 Verona, Veneto, Italy
| | - Barbara Iadarola
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona; 37134 Verona, Veneto, Italy
| | - Andrea Sbarbati
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona; 37134 Verona, Veneto, Italy
| | - Paolo Bernardi
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona; 37134 Verona, Veneto, Italy
| | - Gabriele Angelini
- Department of Medicine, Division of General Pathology, Laboratory of Cell Trafficking and Signal Transduction, University of Verona; 37134 Verona, Veneto, Italy
| | - Barbara Rossi
- Department of Medicine, Division of General Pathology, Laboratory of Cell Trafficking and Signal Transduction, University of Verona; 37134 Verona, Veneto, Italy
| | - Nicola Lopez
- Department of Medicine, Division of General Pathology, Laboratory of Cell Trafficking and Signal Transduction, University of Verona; 37134 Verona, Veneto, Italy
| | - Wolfgang A Linke
- Institute of Physiology II, University of Muenster, and Heart Center, University Medicine; 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Andreas Unger
- Institute of Physiology II, University of Muenster, and Heart Center, University Medicine; 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Dario Di Silvestre
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies (ITB) CNR; 20090 Milan, Lombardia, Italy
| | - Louise Benazzi
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies (ITB) CNR; 20090 Milan, Lombardia, Italy
| | - Antonella De Palma
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies (ITB) CNR; 20090 Milan, Lombardia, Italy
| | - Sara Motta
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies (ITB) CNR; 20090 Milan, Lombardia, Italy
| | - Gabriela Constantin
- Department of Medicine, Division of General Pathology, Laboratory of Cell Trafficking and Signal Transduction, University of Verona; 37134 Verona, Veneto, Italy; The Center for Biomedical Computing (CBMC), University of Verona; 37134 Verona, Veneto, Italy
| | - Pierluigi Mauri
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies (ITB) CNR; 20090 Milan, Lombardia, Italy
| | - Carlo Laudanna
- Department of Medicine, Division of General Pathology, Laboratory of Cell Trafficking and Signal Transduction, University of Verona; 37134 Verona, Veneto, Italy; The Center for Biomedical Computing (CBMC), University of Verona; 37134 Verona, Veneto, Italy.
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10
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Vedula P, Fina ME, Bell BA, Nikonov SS, Kashina A, Dong DW. β -actin is essential for structural integrity and physiological function of the retina. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.27.534392. [PMID: 37034790 PMCID: PMC10081178 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.27.534392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Lack of non-muscle β -actin gene (Actb) leads to early embryonic lethality in mice, however mice with β - to γ -actin replacement develop normally and show no detectable phenotypes at young age. Here we investigated the effect of this replacement in the retina. During aging, these mice have accelerated de-generation of retinal structure and function, including elongated microvilli and defective mitochondria of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), abnormally bulging photoreceptor outer segments (OS) accompanied by reduced transducin concentration and light sensitivity, and accumulation of autofluorescent microglia cells in the subretinal space between RPE and OS. These defects are accompanied by changes in the F-actin binding of several key actin interacting partners, including ezrin, myosin, talin, and vinculin known to play central roles in modulating actin cytoskeleton and cell adhesion and mediating the phagocytosis of OS. Our data show that β -actin protein is essential for maintaining normal retinal structure and function.
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11
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Tao A, LaCroix AS, Shoyer TC, Venkatraman V, Xu KL, Feiger B, Hoffman BD. Identifying constitutive and context-specific molecular-tension-sensitive protein recruitment within focal adhesions. Dev Cell 2023; 58:522-534.e7. [PMID: 36924770 PMCID: PMC10080727 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2023.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Mechanosensitive processes often rely on adhesion structures to strengthen, or mature, in response to applied loads. However, a limited understanding of how the molecular tensions that are experienced by a particular protein affect the recruitment of other proteins represents a major obstacle in the way of deciphering molecular mechanisms that underlie mechanosensitive processes. Here, we describe an imaging-based technique, termed fluorescence-tension co-localization (FTC), for studying molecular-tension-sensitive protein recruitment inside cells. Guided by discrete time Markov chain simulations of protein recruitment, we integrate immunofluorescence labeling, molecular tension sensors, and machine learning to determine the sensitivity, specificity, and context dependence of molecular-tension-sensitive protein recruitment. The application of FTC to the mechanical linker protein vinculin in mouse embryonic fibroblasts reveals constitutive and context-specific molecular-tension-sensitive protein recruitment that varies with adhesion maturation. FTC overcomes limitations associated with the alteration of numerous proteins during the manipulation of cell contractility, providing molecularly specific insights into tension-sensitive protein recruitment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnold Tao
- Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | | | | | - Karen L Xu
- Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Bradley Feiger
- Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Brenton D Hoffman
- Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA; Cell Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
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12
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Amatu JB, Baudouin C, Trinh L, Labbé A, Buffault J. [Corneal epithelial biomechanics: Resistance to stress and role in healing and remodeling]. J Fr Ophtalmol 2023; 46:287-299. [PMID: 36759249 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfo.2022.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
The corneal epithelium is one of the first tissue barriers of the eye against the environment. In recent years, many studies provided better knowledge of its healing, its behavior and its essential role in the optical system of the eye. At the crossroads of basic science and clinical medicine, the study of the mechanical stresses applied to the cornea makes it possible to learn the behavior of epithelial cells and better understand ocular surface disease. We describe herein the current knowledge about the adhesion systems of the corneal epithelium and their resistance to mechanical stress. We will also describe the involvement of these mechanisms in corneal healing and their role in epithelial dynamics. Adhesion molecules of the epithelial cells, especially hemidesmosomes, allow the tissue cohesion required to maintain the integrity of the corneal epithelium against the shearing forces of the eyelids as well as external forces. Their regeneration after a corneal injury is mandatory for the restoration of a healthy epithelium. Mechanotransduction plays a significant role in regulating epithelial cell behavior, and the study of the epithelium's response to mechanical forces helps to better understand the evolution of epithelial profiles after refractive surgery. A better understanding of corneal epithelial biomechanics could also help improve future therapies, particularly in the field of tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-B Amatu
- Department of Ophthalmology III, CHNO des Quinze-Vingts, IHU FOReSIGHT, 28, rue de Charenton, 75012 Paris, France.
| | - C Baudouin
- Department of Ophthalmology III, CHNO des Quinze-Vingts, IHU FOReSIGHT, 28, rue de Charenton, 75012 Paris, France; Institut de La Vision, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, CNRS, IHU FOReSIGHT, 17, rue Moreau, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Ophthalmology, Ambroise Paré Hospital, AP-HP, University of Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - L Trinh
- Department of Ophthalmology III, CHNO des Quinze-Vingts, IHU FOReSIGHT, 28, rue de Charenton, 75012 Paris, France
| | - A Labbé
- Department of Ophthalmology III, CHNO des Quinze-Vingts, IHU FOReSIGHT, 28, rue de Charenton, 75012 Paris, France; Institut de La Vision, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, CNRS, IHU FOReSIGHT, 17, rue Moreau, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Ophthalmology, Ambroise Paré Hospital, AP-HP, University of Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - J Buffault
- Department of Ophthalmology III, CHNO des Quinze-Vingts, IHU FOReSIGHT, 28, rue de Charenton, 75012 Paris, France; Institut de La Vision, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, CNRS, IHU FOReSIGHT, 17, rue Moreau, 75012 Paris, France; Department of Ophthalmology, Ambroise Paré Hospital, AP-HP, University of Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
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13
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Kopecny LR, Lee BWH, Coroneo MT. A systematic review on the effects of ROCK inhibitors on proliferation and/or differentiation in human somatic stem cells: A hypothesis that ROCK inhibitors support corneal endothelial healing via acting on the limbal stem cell niche. Ocul Surf 2023; 27:16-29. [PMID: 36586668 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2022.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Rho kinase inhibitors (ROCKi) have attracted growing multidisciplinary interest, particularly in Ophthalmology where the question as to how they promote corneal endothelial healing remains unresolved. Concurrently, stem cell biology has rapidly progressed in unravelling drivers of stem cell (SC) proliferation and differentiation, where mechanical niche factors and the actin cytoskeleton are increasingly recognized as key players. There is mounting evidence from the study of the peripheral corneal endothelium that supports the likelihood of an internal limbal stem cell niche. The possibility that ROCKi stimulate the endothelial SC niche has not been addressed. Furthermore, there is currently a paucity of data that directly evaluates whether ROCKi promotes corneal endothelial healing by acting on this limbal SC niche located near the transition zone. Therefore, we performed a systematic review examining the effects ROCKi on the proliferation and differentiation of human somatic SC, to provide insight into its effects on various human SC populations. An appraisal of electronic searches of four databases identified 1 in vivo and 58 in vitro studies (36 evaluated proliferation while 53 examined differentiation). Types of SC studied included mesenchymal (n = 32), epithelial (n = 11), epidermal (n = 8), hematopoietic and other (n = 8). The ROCK 1/2 selective inhibitor Y-27632 was used in almost all studies (n = 58), while several studies evaluated ≥2 ROCKi (n = 4) including fasudil, H-1152, and KD025. ROCKi significantly influenced human somatic SC proliferation in 81% of studies (29/36) and SC differentiation in 94% of studies (50/53). The present systemic review highlights that ROCKi are influential in regulating human SC proliferation and differentiation, and provides evidence to support the hypothesis that ROCKi promotes corneal endothelial division and maintenance via acting on the inner limbal SC niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lloyd R Kopecny
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Brendon W H Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales, Level 2 South Wing, Edmund Blacket Building, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, NSW, 2031, Australia
| | - Minas T Coroneo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, Australia
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14
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Chakraborty J, Chawla S, Ghosh S. Developmental biology-inspired tissue engineering by combining organoids and 3D bioprinting. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2022; 78:102832. [PMID: 36332345 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2022.102832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Very few tissue-engineered constructs could achieve the desired results in human clinical trials. The main reason is their inability to recapitulate the cellular conformation, biological, and mechanical functions of the native tissue. Here, we highlight the future avenues of tissue regeneration combining developmental biology, organoids, and 3D bioprinting. A deep mechanistic insight into the embryonic level and recapitulating them would be the most promising strategy in next-generation tissue engineering. Rather than focusing on the adult tissue features, the latest developmental re-engineering strategies replicate the developmental phases of tissue development. Integrating developmental re-engineering with 3D bioprinting can regulate several signaling pathways. This would further help to fabricate mini-organ constructs for transplantation or in vitro screening of drugs using an organ-on-a-chip platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhi Chakraborty
- Department of Textile and Fibre Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Shikha Chawla
- Department of Textile and Fibre Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Sourabh Ghosh
- Department of Textile and Fibre Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India.
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15
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Integrin Conformational Dynamics and Mechanotransduction. Cells 2022; 11:cells11223584. [PMID: 36429013 PMCID: PMC9688440 DOI: 10.3390/cells11223584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The function of the integrin family of receptors as central mediators of cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) and cell-cell adhesion requires a remarkable convergence of interactions and influences. Integrins must be anchored to the cytoskeleton and bound to extracellular ligands in order to provide firm adhesion, with force transmission across this linkage conferring tissue integrity. Integrin affinity to ligands is highly regulated by cell signaling pathways, altering affinity constants by 1000-fold or more, via a series of long-range conformational transitions. In this review, we first summarize basic, well-known features of integrin conformational states and then focus on new information concerning the impact of mechanical forces on these states and interstate transitions. We also discuss how these effects may impact mechansensitive cell functions and identify unanswered questions for future studies.
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16
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Zihni C, Georgiadis A, Ramsden CM, Sanchez-Heras E, Haas AJ, Nommiste B, Semenyuk O, Bainbridge JWB, Coffey PJ, Smith AJ, Ali RR, Balda MS, Matter K. Spatiotemporal control of actomyosin contractility by MRCKβ signaling drives phagocytosis. J Biophys Biochem Cytol 2022; 221:213476. [PMID: 36121394 PMCID: PMC9485704 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202012042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Phagocytosis requires actin dynamics, but whether actomyosin contractility plays a role in this morphodynamic process is unclear. Here, we show that in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), particle binding to Mer Tyrosine Kinase (MerTK), a widely expressed phagocytic receptor, stimulates phosphorylation of the Cdc42 GEF Dbl3, triggering activation of MRCKβ/myosin-II and its coeffector N-WASP, membrane deformation, and cup formation. Continued MRCKβ/myosin-II activity then drives recruitment of a mechanosensing bridge, enabling cytoskeletal force transmission, cup closure, and particle internalization. In vivo, MRCKβ is essential for RPE phagocytosis and retinal integrity. MerTK-independent activation of MRCKβ signaling by a phosphomimetic Dbl3 mutant rescues phagocytosis in retinitis pigmentosa RPE cells lacking functional MerTK. MRCKβ is also required for efficient particle translocation from the cortex into the cell body in Fc receptor–mediated phagocytosis. Thus, conserved MRCKβ signaling at the cortex controls spatiotemporal regulation of actomyosin contractility to guide distinct phases of phagocytosis in the RPE and represents the principle phagocytic effector pathway downstream of MerTK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ceniz Zihni
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Anastasios Georgiadis
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK.,Gene and Cell Therapy Group, UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Conor M Ramsden
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Alexis J Haas
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Britta Nommiste
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Olha Semenyuk
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK.,Gene and Cell Therapy Group, UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK
| | - James W B Bainbridge
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK.,Gene and Cell Therapy Group, UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK.,National Institute for Health and Care Research Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital National Health Service Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Peter J Coffey
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Alexander J Smith
- Gene and Cell Therapy Group, UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Robin R Ali
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK.,Gene and Cell Therapy Group, UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK.,National Institute for Health and Care Research Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital National Health Service Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Maria S Balda
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Karl Matter
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK
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17
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Cheng N, Zhang Y, Wu Y, Li B, Wang H, Chen S, Zhao P, Cui J, Shen X, Zhu X, Zheng Y. Hydrogel platform capable of molecularly resolved pulling on cells for mechanotransduction. Mater Today Bio 2022; 17:100476. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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18
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TNS1: Emerging Insights into Its Domain Function, Biological Roles, and Tumors. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11111571. [PMID: 36358270 PMCID: PMC9687257 DOI: 10.3390/biology11111571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Tensins are a family of cellular-adhesion constituents that have been extensively studied. They have instrumental roles in the pathogenesis of numerous diseases. The mammalian tensin family comprises four members: tensin1 (TNS1), tensin2, tensin3, and tensin4. Among them, TNS1 has recently received attention from researchers because of its structural properties. TNS1 engages in various biological processes, such as cell adhesion, polarization, migration, invasion, proliferation, apoptosis, and mechano-transduction, by interacting with various partner proteins. Moreover, the abnormal expression of TNS1 in vivo is associated with the development of various diseases, especially tumors. Interestingly, the role of TNS1 in different tumors is still controversial. Here, we systematically summarize three aspects of TNS1: the gene structure, the biological processes underlying its action, and the dual regulatory role of TNS1 in different tumors through different mechanisms, of which we provide the first overview.
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19
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Gudde AN, van Velthoven MJJ, Roovers JPWR, Kouwer PHJ, Guler Z. Polyisocyanides as a substrate to trigger vaginal fibroblast functioning in an in vitro model for prolapse repair. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2022; 141:213104. [PMID: 36116187 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.213104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is the descent of the bladder, uterus, and/or rectum into the vagina. POP is associated with altered vaginal fibroblast functionality and connective tissue composition in the vaginal wall. The results of surgical intervention are poor, which may be related to the lack of true restoration of the connective tissue. An innovative treatment addresses tissue repair after surgery by the introduction of a bioactive supplement that enhances the healing process through collagen and elastin deposition. As a novel strategy, we first studied the effects in an in vitro model. Here, we investigate how the presence of cell binding GRGDS (RGD) peptides on the highly biomimetic polyisocyanide (PIC) gel facilitates and promotes the function of primary vaginal fibroblasts isolated from a POP patient. Fibroblast function was analyzed in terms of morphology, proliferation, and extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition and remodeling. RGD modification of the gel facilitated cell spread and proliferation. Quantitative outcomes of the ECM content indicated increased production of collagen and elastin by fibroblasts on gels with the highest RGD density. The in vitro results suggest that PIC-RGD hydrogel application may translate into improved connective tissue healing in the pelvic floor, which is essential for its use as a regeneration promoting additive in surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aksel N Gudde
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Amsterdam University Medical Center-location AMC, Meibergdreef 9, 1105, AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Reproduction and Development, Amsterdam University Medical Center-location AMC, Meibergdreef 9, 1105, AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Melissa J J van Velthoven
- Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 28, 6525, GA, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525, AJ, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Jan-Paul W R Roovers
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Amsterdam University Medical Center-location AMC, Meibergdreef 9, 1105, AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Reproduction and Development, Amsterdam University Medical Center-location AMC, Meibergdreef 9, 1105, AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Paul H J Kouwer
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525, AJ, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
| | - Zeliha Guler
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Amsterdam University Medical Center-location AMC, Meibergdreef 9, 1105, AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Reproduction and Development, Amsterdam University Medical Center-location AMC, Meibergdreef 9, 1105, AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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20
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Hossain MI, Nanda SS, Selvan ST, Yi DK. Recent Insights into NIR-Light-Responsive Materials for Photothermal Cell Treatments. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:3318. [PMID: 36234446 PMCID: PMC9565779 DOI: 10.3390/nano12193318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Controlling cells using photo-responsive materials is highly indispensable in the current biomedical sector. Considering the potential side effects of nanoparticles, it has become a challenge to control cells with photo-responsive materials. Recent studies have described several methods for controlling cell behavior using nanoparticles subjected to the near-infrared (NIR) laser light operating at the wavelength of 808 nm to 980 nm and at the power densities of 0.33 to 0.72 W·cm-2. The challenge here is the preparation of biocompatible nanoparticles for both in vivo and in vitro studies and understanding cell behavior with an external light source recommended for biological application. Earlier studies have well documented many approaches and associated mechanisms for controlling cell behavior and the interaction between nanoparticles, cells, and appropriate external light sources. In this review, various nanomaterials such as metal nanomaterials and carbon-based nanomaterials are compared systematically regarding the effects of controlling cell behavior and inflammation by studying their mechanisms, route of administration, dose, and adverse effects such as toxicity and the interaction of nanoparticles with a specific wavelength of the light. Future directions should focus on stable and efficient light-responsive materials with minimal cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Imran Hossain
- Department of Chemistry, Myongji University, Yongin 17058, Korea
| | | | - Subramanian Tamil Selvan
- Alpha Biomedical Pte Ltd., 21 Biopolis Road, Nucleos North Tower #02-03, Singapore 138567, Singapore
| | - Dong Kee Yi
- Department of Chemistry, Myongji University, Yongin 17058, Korea
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21
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Hoffman LM, Jensen CC, Beckerle MC. Phosphorylation of the small heat shock protein HspB1 regulates cytoskeletal recruitment and cell motility. Mol Biol Cell 2022; 33:ar100. [PMID: 35767320 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e22-02-0057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The small heat shock protein HspB1, also known as Hsp25/27, is a ubiquitously expressed molecular chaperone that responds to mechanical cues. Uniaxial cyclic stretch activates the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling cascade and increases the phosphorylation of HspB1. Similar to the mechanosensitive cytoskeletal regulator zyxin, phospho-HspB1 is recruited to features of the stretch-stimulated actin cytoskeleton. To evaluate the role of HspB1 and its phosphoregulation in modulating cell function, we utilized CRISPR/Cas9-edited HspB1-null cells and determined they were altered in behaviors such as actin cytoskeletal remodeling, cell spreading, and cell motility. In our model system, expression of WT HspB1, but not nonphosphorylatable HspB1, rescued certain characteristics of the HspB1-null cells including the enhanced cell motility of HspB1-null cells and the deficient actin reinforcement of stretch-stimulated HspB1-null cells. The recruitment of HspB1 to high-tension structures in geometrically constrained cells, such as actin comet tails emanating from focal adhesions, also required a phosphorylatable HspB1. We show that mechanical signals activate posttranslational regulation of the molecular chaperone, HspB1, and are required for normal cell behaviors including actin cytoskeletal remodeling, cell spreading, and cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M Hoffman
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112.,Department of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
| | | | - Mary C Beckerle
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112.,Department of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112.,Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
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22
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Topographic Orientation of Scaffolds for Tissue Regeneration: Recent Advances in Biomaterial Design and Applications. Biomimetics (Basel) 2022; 7:biomimetics7030131. [PMID: 36134935 PMCID: PMC9496066 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics7030131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering to develop alternatives for the maintenance, restoration, or enhancement of injured tissues and organs is gaining more and more attention. In tissue engineering, the scaffold used is one of the most critical elements. Its characteristics are expected to mimic the native extracellular matrix and its unique topographical structures. Recently, the topographies of scaffolds have received increasing attention, not least because different topographies, such as aligned and random, have different repair effects on various tissues. In this review, we have focused on various technologies (electrospinning, directional freeze-drying, magnetic freeze-casting, etching, and 3-D printing) to fabricate scaffolds with different topographic orientations, as well as discussed the physicochemical (mechanical properties, porosity, hydrophilicity, and degradation) and biological properties (morphology, distribution, adhesion, proliferation, and migration) of different topographies. Subsequently, we have compiled the effect of scaffold orientation on the regeneration of vessels, skin, neural tissue, bone, articular cartilage, ligaments, tendons, cardiac tissue, corneas, skeletal muscle, and smooth muscle. The compiled information in this review will facilitate the future development of optimal topographical scaffolds for the regeneration of certain tissues. In the majority of tissues, aligned scaffolds are more suitable than random scaffolds for tissue repair and regeneration. The underlying mechanism explaining the various effects of aligned and random orientation might be the differences in “contact guidance”, which stimulate certain biological responses in cells.
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23
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Wei X, Zhang L, Zhang Y, Cooper C, Brewer C, Tsai CF, Wang YT, Glaz M, Wessells HB, Que J, Titus MA, Cirulli V, Glaser A, Liu T, Reder NP, Creighton CJ, Xin L. Ablating Lgr5-expressing prostatic stromal cells activates the ERK-mediated mechanosensory signaling and disrupts prostate tissue homeostasis. Cell Rep 2022; 40:111313. [PMID: 36070687 PMCID: PMC9491244 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Functional implication of stromal heterogeneity in the prostate remains incompletely understood. Using lineage tracing and light-sheet imaging, we show that some fibroblast cells at the mouse proximal prostatic ducts and prostatic urethra highly express Lgr5. Genetic ablation of these anatomically restricted stromal cells, but not nonselective ablation of prostatic stromal cells, rapidly induces prostate epithelial turnover and dedifferentiation that are reversed following spontaneous restoration of the Lgr5+ stromal cells. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis indicates that ablating the Lgr5+ stromal cells activates a mechanosensory response. Ablating the Lgr5+ stromal cells impairs the control of prostatic ductal outlet, increases prostate tissue stiffness, and activates the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). Suppressing MAPK overrides the elevated epithelial proliferation. In summary, the Lgr5+ stromal cells regulate prostate tissue homeostasis and maintain its functional integrity in a long-distance manner. Our study implies that the cells at organ junctions most likely control organ homeostasis by sustaining a balanced mechanoforce.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Wei
- Department of Urology, University of Washington, 850 Republican Street, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Urology, University of Washington, 850 Republican Street, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Yiqun Zhang
- Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Cody Cooper
- Alpenglow Biosciences, Inc., Seattle, WA 98103, USA
| | - Chris Brewer
- Alpenglow Biosciences, Inc., Seattle, WA 98103, USA
| | - Chia-Feng Tsai
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA
| | - Yi-Ting Wang
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA
| | - Micah Glaz
- Molecular Engineering and Sciences Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Hunter B Wessells
- Department of Urology, University of Washington, 850 Republican Street, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Jianwen Que
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Mark A Titus
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston TX 77030, USA
| | - Vincenzino Cirulli
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Adam Glaser
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Tao Liu
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA
| | | | - Chad J Creighton
- Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Li Xin
- Department of Urology, University of Washington, 850 Republican Street, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston TX 77030, USA.
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24
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Mori Y, Masahashi N, Aizawa T. A Review of Anodized TiNbSn Alloys for Improvement in Layer Quality and Application to Orthopedic Implants. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15155116. [PMID: 35897548 PMCID: PMC9331693 DOI: 10.3390/ma15155116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Titanium alloys are useful for application in orthopedic implants. However, complications, such as prosthetic infections and aseptic loosening, often occur after orthopedic devices are implanted. Therefore, innovation in surface modification techniques is essential to develop orthopedic materials with optimal properties at the biomaterial–bone interface. In this review, we present recent research on the improvement in the osteoconductivity and antibacterial effect of the Ti-33.6% Nb-4% Sn (TiNbSn) alloy by anodic oxidation and other related studies. TiNbSn alloys are excellent new titanium alloys with a low Young’s modulus, high tensile strength, and with gradient functional properties such as a thermally adjustable Young’s modulus and strength. Titanium dioxide (TiO2), when obtained by the anodic oxidation of a TiNbSn alloy, improves bone affinity and provides antibacterial performance owing to its photocatalytic activity. The safety of TiO2 and its strong bonding with metal materials make its method of preparation a promising alternative to conventional methods for improving the surface quality of orthopedic implants. Implementing anodization technology for TiNbSn alloys may alleviate orthopedic surgery-related complications, such as loosening, stress shielding, and infection after arthroplasty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Mori
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-22-717-7245; Fax: +81-22-717-7248
| | - Naoya Masahashi
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan;
| | - Toshimi Aizawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan;
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Alba A, Villaggio G, Messina GML, Caruso M, Federico C, Cambria MT, Marletta G, Sinatra F. Cytostatic Effects of Polyethyleneimine Surfaces on the Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Cycle. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14132643. [PMID: 35808689 PMCID: PMC9269326 DOI: 10.3390/polym14132643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyelectrolytes assembled layer-by-layer (PEMs) are commonly used as functional coatings to build-up biological interfaces, particularly suitable as compatible layers for the interaction with a biological medium, providing suitable conditions to promote or prevent cell seeding while maintaining the phenotype. The proper assessment of the biocompatibility of PEMs and the elucidation of the related mechanisms are therefore of paramount importance. In this study, we report in detail the effect of two different PEM endings, polystyrene sulfonate (PSS) and polyethylenimine (PEI), respectively, on the cell adhesion, growth, and viability of human bone mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). The results have shown that PSS-ended substrates appear to be the most suitable to drive the cell adhesion and phenotype maintenance of MSCs, showing good biocompatibility. On the contrary, while the cells seem to adhere more quickly and strongly on the PEI-ended surfaces, the interaction with PEI significantly affects the growth and viability, reducing the cell spreading capability, by sequestering the adhesion molecules already in the very early steps of cell–substrate contact. These results point to the promotion of a cytostatic effect of PEI, rather than the often-claimed cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Alba
- Section of Biology and Genetic, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia, 65, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.A.); (G.V.)
| | - Giusy Villaggio
- Section of Biology and Genetic, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia, 65, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.A.); (G.V.)
| | - Grazia Maria Lucia Messina
- Laboratory for Molecular Surface and Nanotechnology (LAMSUN), Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania and CSGI, Viale A. Doria, 6, 95125 Catania, Italy;
- Correspondence: (G.M.L.M.); (F.S.); Tel.: +39-095-7385083 (G.M.L.M.)
| | - Massimo Caruso
- Section of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia, 65, 95123 Catania, Italy; (M.C.); (M.T.C.)
| | - Concetta Federico
- Section of Animal Biology, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Catania, Via Androne, 81, 95124 Catania, Italy;
| | - Maria Teresa Cambria
- Section of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia, 65, 95123 Catania, Italy; (M.C.); (M.T.C.)
| | - Giovanni Marletta
- Laboratory for Molecular Surface and Nanotechnology (LAMSUN), Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania and CSGI, Viale A. Doria, 6, 95125 Catania, Italy;
| | - Fulvia Sinatra
- Section of Biology and Genetic, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia, 65, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.A.); (G.V.)
- Correspondence: (G.M.L.M.); (F.S.); Tel.: +39-095-7385083 (G.M.L.M.)
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Dystrophin missense mutations alter focal adhesion tension and mechanotransduction. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2205536119. [PMID: 35700360 PMCID: PMC9231619 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2205536119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is a mechanical organ that not only produces force but also uses mechanical stimuli as a signal to regulate cellular responses. Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophy are lethal muscle wasting diseases that affect 1 in 3,500 boys and is caused by the absence or malfunction of dystrophin protein, respectively. There is a lack of understanding on how the integration of these mechanical signals is dysregulated in muscular dystrophy and how they may contribute to disease progression. In this study, we show that patient-relevant dystrophin mutations alter the mechanical signaling axis in muscle cells, leading to impaired migration. This work proposes dystrophin as a component of the cellular force-sensing machinery, furthering our knowledge in the pathomechanism of muscular dystrophy. Dystrophin is an essential muscle protein that contributes to cell membrane stability by mechanically linking the actin cytoskeleton to the extracellular matrix via an adhesion complex called the dystrophin–glycoprotein complex. The absence or impaired function of dystrophin causes muscular dystrophy. Focal adhesions (FAs) are also mechanosensitive adhesion complexes that connect the cytoskeleton to the extracellular matrix. However, the interplay between dystrophin and FA force transmission has not been investigated. Using a vinculin-based bioluminescent tension sensor, we measured FA tension in transgenic C2C12 myoblasts expressing wild-type (WT) dystrophin, a nonpathogenic single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (I232M), or two missense mutations associated with Duchenne (L54R), or Becker muscular dystrophy (L172H). Our data revealed cross talk between dystrophin and FAs, as the expression of WT or I232M dystrophin increased FA tension compared to dystrophin-less nontransgenic myoblasts. In contrast, the expression of L54R or L172H did not increase FA tension, indicating that these disease-causing mutations compromise the mechanical function of dystrophin as an FA allosteric regulator. Decreased FA tension caused by these mutations manifests as defective migration, as well as decreased Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP) activation, possibly by the disruption of the ability of FAs to transmit forces between the extracellular matrix and cytoskeleton. Our results indicate that dystrophin influences FA tension and suggest that dystrophin disease-causing missense mutations may disrupt a cellular tension-sensing pathway in dystrophic skeletal muscle.
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Kao SH, Liang SY, Cheng PL, Tu HL. Surface Viscosity-Dependent Neurite Initiation in Cortical Neurons. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2022; 6:e2101325. [PMID: 35362269 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202101325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Dynamic extracellular environments profoundly affect the behavior and function of cells both biochemically and mechanically. Neurite initiation is the first step for neurons to establish intricate neuronal networks. How such a process is modulated by mechanical factors is not fully understood. Particularly, it is unknown whether the molecular clutch model, which has been used to explain cell responses to matrix rigidity, also holds for neurite initiation. To study how mechanical properties modulate neurite initiation, substrates with various well-defined surface viscosities using supported lipid bilayers (SLBs) are synthesized. The results show that ligands with intermediate viscosity greatly maximize neurite initiation in primary neurons, while neurite initiation is drastically limited on substrates with higher or lower viscosity. Importantly, biochemical characterizations reveal altered focal adhesion and calpain activity are associated with distinct neurite initiation patterns. Collectively, these results indicate that neurite initiation is surface viscosity-dependent; there is an optimal range of surface viscosities to drive neurite initiation. Upon binding to ligands of varying viscosities, calpain activity is differentially triggered and leads to distinct levels of neurite outgrowth. These findings not only enhance the understanding of how extracellular environments regulate neurons, but also demonstrate the potential utility of SLBs for neural tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Han Kao
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Yang Liang
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Lin Cheng
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Hsiung-Lin Tu
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
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28
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Zarrin NK, Mottaghitalab F, Reis RL, Kundu SC, Farokhi M. Thermosensitive chitosan/poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide) nanoparticles embedded in aniline pentamer/silk fibroin/polyacrylamide as an electroactive injectable hydrogel for healing critical-sized calvarial bone defect in aging rat model. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 213:352-368. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.05.176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Miles L, Powell J, Kozak C, Song Y. Mechanosensitive Ion Channels, Axonal Growth, and Regeneration. Neuroscientist 2022:10738584221088575. [PMID: 35414308 PMCID: PMC9556659 DOI: 10.1177/10738584221088575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cells sense and respond to mechanical stimuli by converting those stimuli into biological signals, a process known as mechanotransduction. Mechanotransduction is essential in diverse cellular functions, including tissue development, touch sensitivity, pain, and neuronal pathfinding. In the search for key players of mechanotransduction, several families of ion channels were identified as being mechanosensitive and were demonstrated to be activated directly by mechanical forces in both the membrane bilayer and the cytoskeleton. More recently, Piezo ion channels were discovered as a bona fide mechanosensitive ion channel, and its characterization led to a cascade of research that revealed the diverse functions of Piezo proteins and, in particular, their involvement in neuronal repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leann Miles
- The Graduate Group in Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jackson Powell
- Raymond G. Perelman Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Casey Kozak
- Raymond G. Perelman Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Yuanquan Song
- The Graduate Group in Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Raymond G. Perelman Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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30
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Tabatabaee S, Baheiraei N, Salehnia M. Fabrication and characterization of PHEMA–gelatin scaffold enriched with graphene oxide for bone tissue engineering. J Orthop Surg Res 2022; 17:216. [PMID: 35397609 PMCID: PMC8994334 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-022-03122-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Growing investigations demonstrate that graphene oxide (GO) has an undeniable impact on repairing damaged bone tissue. Moreover, it has been stated in the literatures that poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) and gelatin could provide a biocompatible structure.
Methods
In this research, we fabricated a scaffold using freeze-drying method comprised of PHEMA and gelatin, combined with GO. The validation of the successful fabrication of the scaffolds was performed utilizing Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction assay (XRD). The microstructure of the scaffolds was observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The structural properties of the scaffolds including mechanical strength, hydrophilicity, electrical conductivity, and degradation rate were also evaluated. Human bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSCs) were used to evaluate the cytotoxicity of the prepared scaffolds. The osteogenic potential of the GO-containing scaffolds was studied by measuring the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity after 7, 14, and 21 days cell culturing.
Results
SEM assay showed a porous interconnected scaffold with approximate pore size of 50–300 μm, appropriate for bone regeneration. The increase in GO concentration from 0.25 to 0.75% w/v exhibited a significant improvement in scaffolds compressive modulus from 9.03 ± 0.36 to 42.82 ± 1.63 MPa. Conventional four-probe analysis confirmed the electrical conductivity of the scaffolds in the semiconductor range. The degradation rate of the samples appeared to be in compliance with bone healing process. The scaffolds exhibited no cytotoxicity using MTT assay against hBM-MSCs. ALP analysis indicated that the PHEMA–Gel–GO scaffolds could efficiently cause the differentiation of hBM-MSCs into osteoblasts after 21 days, even without the addition of the osteogenic differentiation medium.
Conclusion
Based on the results of this research, it can be stated that the PHEMA–Gel–GO composition is a promising platform for bone tissue engineering.
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31
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Germain N, Dhayer M, Dekiouk S, Marchetti P. Current Advances in 3D Bioprinting for Cancer Modeling and Personalized Medicine. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:3432. [PMID: 35408789 PMCID: PMC8998835 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor cells evolve in a complex and heterogeneous environment composed of different cell types and an extracellular matrix. Current 2D culture methods are very limited in their ability to mimic the cancer cell environment. In recent years, various 3D models of cancer cells have been developed, notably in the form of spheroids/organoids, using scaffold or cancer-on-chip devices. However, these models have the disadvantage of not being able to precisely control the organization of multiple cell types in complex architecture and are sometimes not very reproducible in their production, and this is especially true for spheroids. Three-dimensional bioprinting can produce complex, multi-cellular, and reproducible constructs in which the matrix composition and rigidity can be adapted locally or globally to the tumor model studied. For these reasons, 3D bioprinting seems to be the technique of choice to mimic the tumor microenvironment in vivo as closely as possible. In this review, we discuss different 3D-bioprinting technologies, including bioinks and crosslinkers that can be used for in vitro cancer models and the techniques used to study cells grown in hydrogels; finally, we provide some applications of bioprinted cancer models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Germain
- UMR 9020–UMR-S 1277–Canther–Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, Institut de Recherche Contre le Cancer de Lille, University Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France; (M.D.); (S.D.)
- Banque de Tissus, Centre de Biologie-Pathologie, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Melanie Dhayer
- UMR 9020–UMR-S 1277–Canther–Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, Institut de Recherche Contre le Cancer de Lille, University Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France; (M.D.); (S.D.)
| | - Salim Dekiouk
- UMR 9020–UMR-S 1277–Canther–Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, Institut de Recherche Contre le Cancer de Lille, University Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France; (M.D.); (S.D.)
| | - Philippe Marchetti
- UMR 9020–UMR-S 1277–Canther–Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, Institut de Recherche Contre le Cancer de Lille, University Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France; (M.D.); (S.D.)
- Banque de Tissus, Centre de Biologie-Pathologie, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
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Liu P, Tu J, Wang W, Li Z, Li Y, Yu X, Zhang Z. Effects of Mechanical Stress Stimulation on Function and Expression Mechanism of Osteoblasts. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:830722. [PMID: 35252138 PMCID: PMC8893233 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.830722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoclasts and osteoblasts play a major role in bone tissue homeostasis. The homeostasis and integrity of bone tissue are maintained by ensuring a balance between osteoclastic and osteogenic activities. The remodeling of bone tissue is a continuous ongoing process. Osteoclasts mainly play a role in bone resorption, whereas osteoblasts are mainly involved in bone remodeling processes, such as bone cell formation, mineralization, and secretion. These cell types balance and restrict each other to maintain bone tissue metabolism. Bone tissue is very sensitive to mechanical stress stimulation. Unloading and loading of mechanical stress are closely related to the differentiation and formation of osteoclasts and bone resorption function as well as the differentiation and formation of osteoblasts and bone formation function. Consequently, mechanical stress exerts an important influence on the bone microenvironment and bone metabolism. This review focuses on the effects of different forms of mechanical stress stimulation (including gravity, continuously compressive pressure, tensile strain, and fluid shear stress) on osteoclast and osteoblast function and expression mechanism. This article highlights the involvement of osteoclasts and osteoblasts in activating different mechanical transduction pathways and reports changings in their differentiation, formation, and functional mechanism induced by the application of different types of mechanical stress to bone tissue. This review could provide new ideas for further microscopic studies of bone health, disease, and tissue damage reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Liu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Ji Tu
- Spine Labs, St. George & Sutherland Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Wenzhao Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zheng Li
- People’s Hospital of Jiulongpo District, Chongqing, China
| | - Yao Li
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoping Yu
- School of Public Health, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
- Basic Medical College of Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaoping Yu, ; Zhengdong Zhang,
| | - Zhengdong Zhang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaoping Yu, ; Zhengdong Zhang,
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Keen AN, Payne LA, Mehta V, Rice A, Simpson LJ, Pang KL, del Rio Hernandez A, Reader JS, Tzima E. Eukaryotic initiation factor 6 regulates mechanical responses in endothelial cells. J Cell Biol 2022; 221:e202005213. [PMID: 35024764 PMCID: PMC8763864 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202005213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The repertoire of extratranslational functions of components of the protein synthesis apparatus is expanding to include control of key cell signaling networks. However, very little is known about noncanonical functions of members of the protein synthesis machinery in regulating cellular mechanics. We demonstrate that the eukaryotic initiation factor 6 (eIF6) modulates cellular mechanobiology. eIF6-depleted endothelial cells, under basal conditions, exhibit unchanged nascent protein synthesis, polysome profiles, and cytoskeleton protein expression, with minimal effects on ribosomal biogenesis. In contrast, using traction force and atomic force microscopy, we show that loss of eIF6 leads to reduced stiffness and force generation accompanied by cytoskeletal and focal adhesion defects. Mechanistically, we show that eIF6 is required for the correct spatial mechanoactivation of ERK1/2 via stabilization of an eIF6-RACK1-ERK1/2-FAK mechanocomplex, which is necessary for force-induced remodeling. These results reveal an extratranslational function for eIF6 and a novel paradigm for how mechanotransduction, the cellular cytoskeleton, and protein translation constituents are linked.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam N. Keen
- Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Luke A. Payne
- Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Vedanta Mehta
- Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Alistair Rice
- Cellular and Molecular Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Lisa J. Simpson
- Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Kar Lai Pang
- Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Armando del Rio Hernandez
- Cellular and Molecular Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - John S. Reader
- Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Ellie Tzima
- Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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34
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Davies BM, Mowforth O, Gharooni AA, Tetreault L, Nouri A, Dhillon RS, Bednarik J, Martin AR, Young A, Takahashi H, Boerger TF, Newcombe VF, Zipser CM, Freund P, Koljonen PA, Rodrigues-Pinto R, Rahimi-Movaghar V, Wilson JR, Kurpad SN, Fehlings MG, Kwon BK, Harrop JS, Guest JD, Curt A, Kotter MRN. A New Framework for Investigating the Biological Basis of Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy [AO Spine RECODE-DCM Research Priority Number 5]: Mechanical Stress, Vulnerability and Time. Global Spine J 2022; 12:78S-96S. [PMID: 35174728 PMCID: PMC8859710 DOI: 10.1177/21925682211057546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Literature Review (Narrative). OBJECTIVE To propose a new framework, to support the investigation and understanding of the pathobiology of DCM, AO Spine RECODE-DCM research priority number 5. METHODS Degenerative cervical myelopathy is a common and disabling spinal cord disorder. In this perspective, we review key knowledge gaps between the clinical phenotype and our biological models. We then propose a reappraisal of the key driving forces behind DCM and an individual's susceptibility, including the proposal of a new framework. RESULTS Present pathobiological and mechanistic knowledge does not adequately explain the disease phenotype; why only a subset of patients with visualized cord compression show clinical myelopathy, and the amount of cord compression only weakly correlates with disability. We propose that DCM is better represented as a function of several interacting mechanical forces, such as shear, tension and compression, alongside an individual's vulnerability to spinal cord injury, influenced by factors such as age, genetics, their cardiovascular, gastrointestinal and nervous system status, and time. CONCLUSION Understanding the disease pathobiology is a fundamental research priority. We believe a framework of mechanical stress, vulnerability, and time may better represent the disease as a whole. Whilst this remains theoretical, we hope that at the very least it will inspire new avenues of research that better encapsulate the full spectrum of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin M Davies
- Department of Neurosurgery, 2152University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Oliver Mowforth
- Department of Neurosurgery, 2152University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Aref-Ali Gharooni
- Department of Neurosurgery, 2152University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Lindsay Tetreault
- New York University, Langone Health, Graduate Medical Education, 5894Department of Neurology, New York, NY, USA
| | - Aria Nouri
- Division of Neurosurgery, Geneva University Hospitals, 27230University of Geneva, Genève, Switzerland
| | - Rana S Dhillon
- Department of Neurosurgery, 60078St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
| | - Josef Bednarik
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, 37748Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Allan R Martin
- Department of Neurosurgery, 8789University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Adam Young
- Department of Neurosurgery, 2152University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Hitoshi Takahashi
- Department of Pathology, Brain Research Institute, 12978Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Timothy F Boerger
- Department of Neurosurgery, 5506Medical College of Wisconsin, Wauwatosa, WI, USA
| | - Virginia Fj Newcombe
- Division of Anaesthesia, Department of Medicine, 2152University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Carl Moritz Zipser
- University Spine Center, 31031Balgrist University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Freund
- University Spine Center, 31031Balgrist University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Paul Aarne Koljonen
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, 25809The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ricardo Rodrigues-Pinto
- Spinal Unit (UVM), Department of Orthopaedics, 112085Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto - Hospital de Santo António, Porto, Portugal
- 89239Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Porto, Portugal
| | - Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, 48439Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jefferson R Wilson
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, 7938University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Shekar N Kurpad
- Department of Neurosurgery, 5506Medical College of Wisconsin, Wauwatosa, WI, USA
| | - Michael G Fehlings
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, 7938University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Brian K Kwon
- Vancouver Spine Surgery Institute, Department of Orthopedics, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - James S Harrop
- Department of Neurological Surgery, 6559Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - James D Guest
- Department of Neurosurgery and the Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, The Miller School of Medicine, 12235University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Armin Curt
- University Spine Center, 31031Balgrist University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mark R N Kotter
- Department of Neurosurgery, 2152University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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35
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Ambattu LA, Gelmi A, Yeo LY. Short-Duration High Frequency MegaHertz-Order Nanomechanostimulation Drives Early and Persistent Osteogenic Differentiation in Mesenchymal Stem Cells. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2106823. [PMID: 35023629 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202106823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Stem cell fate can be directed through the application of various external physical stimuli, enabling a controlled approach to targeted differentiation. Studies involving the use of dynamic mechanical cues driven by vibrational excitation to date have, however, been limited to low frequency (Hz to kHz) forcing over extended durations (typically continuous treatment for >7 days). Contrary to previous assertions that there is little benefit in applying frequencies beyond 1 kHz, we show here that high frequency MHz-order mechanostimulation in the form of nanoscale amplitude surface reflected bulk waves are capable of triggering differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells from various donor sources toward an osteoblast lineage, with early, short time stimuli inducing long-term osteogenic commitment. More specifically, rapid treatments (10 min daily over 5 days) of the high frequency (10 MHz) mechanostimulation are shown to trigger significant upregulation in early osteogenic markers (RUNX2, COL1A1) and sustained increase in late markers (osteocalcin, osteopontin) through a mechanistic pathway involving piezo channel activation and Rho-associated protein kinase signaling. Given the miniaturizability and low cost of the devices, the possibility for upscaling the platform toward practical bioreactors, to address a pressing need for more efficient stem cell differentiation technologies in the pursuit of translatable regenerative medicine strategies, is ensivaged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizebona August Ambattu
- Micro/Nanophysics Research Laboratory, School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia
| | - Amy Gelmi
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia
| | - Leslie Y Yeo
- Micro/Nanophysics Research Laboratory, School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia
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36
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He ZQ, Yuan XW, Lu ZB, Li YH, Li YF, Liu X, Wang L, Zhang Y, Zhou Q, Li W. Pharmacological regulation of tissue fibrosis by targeting the mechanical contraction of myofibroblasts. FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 2:37-47. [PMID: 38933917 PMCID: PMC11197686 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2021.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis can occur in almost all tissues and organs and affects normal physiological function, which may have serious consequences, such as organ failure. However, there are currently no effective, broad-spectrum drugs suitable for clinical application. Revealing the process of fibrosis is an important prerequisite for the development of new therapeutic targets and drugs. Studies have shown that the limiting of myofibroblast activation or the promoting of their elimination can ameliorate fibrosis. However, it has not been reported whether a direct decrease in cell contraction can inhibit fibrosis in vivo. Here, we have shown that (-)-blebbistatin (Ble), a non-muscle myosin Ⅱ inhibitor, displayed significant inhibition of liver fibrosis in different chronic injury mouse models in vivo. We found that Ble reduced the stiffness of fibrotic tissues from the early stage, which reduced the extent of myofibroblast activation induced by a stiffer extracellular matrix (ECM). Moreover, Ble also reduced the activation of myofibroblasts induced by TGF-β1, which is the most potent pro-fibrotic cytokine. Mechanistically, Ble reduced mechanical contraction, which inhibited the assembly of stress fibers, decreased the F/G-actin ratio, and led to the exnucleation of YAP1 and MRTF-A. Finally, we verified its broad-spectrum antifibrotic effect in multiple models of organ fibrosis. Our results highlighted the important role of mechanical contraction in myofibroblast activation and maintenance, rather than just a characteristic of activation, suggesting that it may be a potential target to explore broad-spectrum drugs for the treatment of fibrotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Quan He
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xue-Wei Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Zong-Bao Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yu-Huan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun Jilin 130021, China
| | - Yu-Fei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Liu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Zhao W, Lv M, Yang X, Zhou J, Xing B, Zhang Z. OUP accepted manuscript. Carcinogenesis 2022; 43:766-778. [PMID: 35436337 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgac035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Cell Biology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, P. R. China
| | - Mengzhu Lv
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Cell Biology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, P. R. China
| | - Xueying Yang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Cell Biology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, P. R. China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Hemorheology Center, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100083, P. R. China
| | - Baocai Xing
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery I, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, P. R. China
| | - Zhiqian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Cell Biology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, P. R. China
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38
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Martinez-Val A, Bekker-Jensen DB, Steigerwald S, Koenig C, Østergaard O, Mehta A, Tran T, Sikorski K, Torres-Vega E, Kwasniewicz E, Brynjólfsdóttir SH, Frankel LB, Kjøbsted R, Krogh N, Lundby A, Bekker-Jensen S, Lund-Johansen F, Olsen JV. Spatial-proteomics reveals phospho-signaling dynamics at subcellular resolution. Nat Commun 2021; 12:7113. [PMID: 34876567 PMCID: PMC8651693 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27398-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dynamic change in subcellular localization of signaling proteins is a general concept that eukaryotic cells evolved for eliciting a coordinated response to stimuli. Mass spectrometry-based proteomics in combination with subcellular fractionation can provide comprehensive maps of spatio-temporal regulation of protein networks in cells, but involves laborious workflows that does not cover the phospho-proteome level. Here we present a high-throughput workflow based on sequential cell fractionation to profile the global proteome and phospho-proteome dynamics across six distinct subcellular fractions. We benchmark the workflow by studying spatio-temporal EGFR phospho-signaling dynamics in vitro in HeLa cells and in vivo in mouse tissues. Finally, we investigate the spatio-temporal stress signaling, revealing cellular relocation of ribosomal proteins in response to hypertonicity and muscle contraction. Proteomics data generated in this study can be explored through https://SpatialProteoDynamics.github.io .
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Martinez-Val
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Proteomics Program, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Dorte B Bekker-Jensen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Proteomics Program, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Evosep Systems, Odense, Denmark
| | - Sophia Steigerwald
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Proteomics Program, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Claire Koenig
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Proteomics Program, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ole Østergaard
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Proteomics Program, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Adi Mehta
- Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Postboks 4950, Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway
| | - Trung Tran
- Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Postboks 4950, Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway
| | - Krzysztof Sikorski
- Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Postboks 4950, Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway
| | - Estefanía Torres-Vega
- Cardiac Proteomics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ewa Kwasniewicz
- Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Lisa B Frankel
- Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rasmus Kjøbsted
- The August Krogh Section for Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nicolai Krogh
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Alicia Lundby
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Proteomics Program, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Cardiac Proteomics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Simon Bekker-Jensen
- Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Fridtjof Lund-Johansen
- Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Postboks 4950, Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Jesper V Olsen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Proteomics Program, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Sanz-Herrera JA, Barrasa-Fano J, Cóndor M, Van Oosterwyck H. Inverse method based on 3D nonlinear physically constrained minimisation in the framework of traction force microscopy. SOFT MATTER 2021; 17:10210-10222. [PMID: 33165455 DOI: 10.1039/d0sm00789g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Traction force microscopy is a methodology that enables to estimate cellular forces from the measurement of the displacement field of an extracellular matrix (ECM)-mimicking hydrogel that a cell is mechanically interacting with. In this paper, a new inverse and physically-consistent methodology is developed and implemented in the context of 3D nonlinear elasticity. The proposed method searches for a displacement field that approximates the measured one, through the imposition of fulfillment of equilibrium with real and known forces acting in the hydrogel. The overall mathematical formulation leads to a constrained optimisation problem that is treated through a Lagrange operator and that is solved numerically by means of a nonlinear finite element framework. In order to illustrate the potential and enhanced accuracy of the proposed inverse method, it is applied to a total of 5 different real cases of cells cultured in a 3D hydrogel that is considered to behave as a nonlinear elastic material. Different error indicators are defined in order to compare ground truth simulated displacements and tractions to the ones recovered by the new inverse as well as by the forward method. Results indicate that the evaluation of displacement gradients leads to errors, in terms of recovered tractions, that are more than three times lower (on average) for the inverse method compared to the forward method. They highlight the enhanced accuracy of the developed methodology and the importance of appropriate inverse methods that impose physical constraints to traction and stress recovery in the context of traction force microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Sanz-Herrera
- Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - J Barrasa-Fano
- Biomechanics Section, Department of Mechanical Engineering, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - M Cóndor
- Biomechanics Section, Department of Mechanical Engineering, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - H Van Oosterwyck
- Biomechanics Section, Department of Mechanical Engineering, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
- Prometheus division of Skeletal Tissue Engineering, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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40
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Fontanella CG, Carniel EL, Corain L, Peruffo A, Iacopetti I, Pavan PG, Todros S, Perazzi A. Mechanical behaviour of healthy versus alkali-lesioned corneas by a porcine organ culture model. BMC Vet Res 2021; 17:340. [PMID: 34711207 PMCID: PMC8555156 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-021-03050-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cornea is a composite tissue exhibiting nonlinear and time-dependent mechanical properties. Corneal ulcers are one of the main pathologies that affect this tissue, disrupting its structural integrity and leading to impaired functions. In this study, uniaxial tensile and stress-relaxation tests are developed to evaluate stress-strain and time-dependent mechanical behaviour of porcine corneas. RESULTS The samples are split in two groups: some corneas are analysed in an unaltered state (healthy samples), while others are injured with alkaline solution to create an experimental ulcer (lesioned samples). Furthermore, within each group, corneas are examined in two conditions: few hours after the enucleation (fresh samples) or after 7 days in a specific culture medium for the tissue (cultured samples). Finally, another condition is added: corneas from all the groups undergo or not a cross-linking treatment. In both stress-strain and stress-relaxation tests, a weakening of the tissue is observed due to the imposed conditions (lesion, culture and treatment), represented by a lower stiffness and increased stress-relaxation. CONCLUSIONS Alkali-induced corneal stromal melting determines changes in the mechanical response that can be related to a damage at microstructural level. The results of the present study represent the basis for the investigation of traditional and innovative corneal therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Giulia Fontanella
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, via Venezia 1, 35131, Padova, Italy.,Centre for Mechanics of Biological Materials, University of Padova, via Marzolo 9, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Emanuele Luigi Carniel
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, via Venezia 1, 35131, Padova, Italy.,Centre for Mechanics of Biological Materials, University of Padova, via Marzolo 9, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Livio Corain
- Department of Management and Engineering, University of Padova, stradella S. Nicola 3, 36100, Vicenza, Italy
| | - Antonella Peruffo
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, viale dell'Università 16, Legnaro, 35020, Padova, Italy
| | - Ilaria Iacopetti
- Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padova, viale dell'Università 16, Legnaro, 35020, Padova, Italy
| | - Piero G Pavan
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, via Venezia 1, 35131, Padova, Italy.,Centre for Mechanics of Biological Materials, University of Padova, via Marzolo 9, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Silvia Todros
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, via Venezia 1, 35131, Padova, Italy. .,Centre for Mechanics of Biological Materials, University of Padova, via Marzolo 9, 35131, Padova, Italy.
| | - Anna Perazzi
- Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padova, viale dell'Università 16, Legnaro, 35020, Padova, Italy
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41
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Huang WY, Suye SI, Fujita S. Cell Trapping via Migratory Inhibition within Density-Tuned Electrospun Nanofibers. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:7456-7466. [PMID: 35006712 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c00700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cell migration is an essential bioprocess that occurs during wound healing and tissue regeneration. Abnormal cell migration is observed in various pathologies, including cancer metastasis. Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is an aggressive and highly infiltrative brain tumor. The white matter tracts are considered the preferred routes for GBM invasion and the subsequent spread throughout the brain tissue. In the present study, a platform based on electrospun nanofibers with a consistent alignment and controlled density was designed to inhibit cell migration. The observation of the cells cultured on the nanofibers with different fiber densities revealed an inverse correlation between the cell migration velocity and nanofiber density. This was attributed to the formation of focal adhesions (FAs). The FAs in the sparse fiber matrix were small, whereas those in the dense fiber matrix were large, aligned with the nanofibers, and distributed throughout the cells. A nanofiber-based platform with stepwise different fiber densities was designed based on the aforementioned observation. A time-lapse observation of the GBM cells cultured on the platform revealed a directional one-way migration that induced the entrapment of cells in the dense-fiber zone. The designed platform mimicked the structure of the white matter tracts and enabled the entrapment of migrating cells. The demonstrated approach is suitable for inhibiting metastasis and understanding the biology of invasion, thereby functioning as a promising therapeutic strategy for GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Ying Huang
- Department of Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Fukui, Fukui 910-8507, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichiro Suye
- Department of Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Fukui, Fukui 910-8507, Japan.,Department of Frontier Fiber Technology and Science, University of Fukui, Fukui 910-8507, Japan.,Organization for Life Science Advancement Programs, University of Fukui, Fukui 910-8507, Japan
| | - Satoshi Fujita
- Department of Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Fukui, Fukui 910-8507, Japan.,Department of Frontier Fiber Technology and Science, University of Fukui, Fukui 910-8507, Japan.,Organization for Life Science Advancement Programs, University of Fukui, Fukui 910-8507, Japan
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42
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Dalton CJ, Lemmon CA. Fibronectin: Molecular Structure, Fibrillar Structure and Mechanochemical Signaling. Cells 2021; 10:2443. [PMID: 34572092 PMCID: PMC8471655 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) plays a key role as both structural scaffold and regulator of cell signal transduction in tissues. In times of ECM assembly and turnover, cells upregulate assembly of the ECM protein, fibronectin (FN). FN is assembled by cells into viscoelastic fibrils that can bind upward of 40 distinct growth factors and cytokines. These fibrils play a key role in assembling a provisional ECM during embryonic development and wound healing. Fibril assembly is also often upregulated during disease states, including cancer and fibrotic diseases. FN fibrils have unique mechanical properties, which allow them to alter mechanotransduction signals sensed and relayed by cells. Binding of soluble growth factors to FN fibrils alters signal transduction from these proteins, while binding of other ECM proteins, including collagens, elastins, and proteoglycans, to FN fibrils facilitates the maturation and tissue specificity of the ECM. In this review, we will discuss the assembly of FN fibrils from individual FN molecules; the composition, structure, and mechanics of FN fibrils; the interaction of FN fibrils with other ECM proteins and growth factors; the role of FN in transmitting mechanobiology signaling events; and approaches for studying the mechanics of FN fibrils.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christopher A. Lemmon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, 401 W. Main St., Richmond, VA 23284, USA;
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43
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Hirota A, AlMusawi S, Nateri AS, Ordóñez-Morán P, Imajo M. Biomaterials for intestinal organoid technology and personalized disease modeling. Acta Biomater 2021; 132:272-287. [PMID: 34023456 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in intestinal organoid technologies have paved the way for in vitro recapitulation of the homeostatic renewal of adult tissues, tissue or organ morphogenesis during development, and pathogenesis of many disorders. In vitro modelling of individual patient diseases using organoid systems have been considered key in establishing rational design of personalized treatment strategies and in improving therapeutic outcomes. In addition, the transplantation of organoids into diseased tissues represents a novel approach to treat currently incurable diseases. Emerging evidence from intensive studies suggests that organoid systems' development and functional maturation depends on the presence of an extracellular matrix with suitable biophysical properties, where advanced synthetic hydrogels open new avenues for theoretical control of organoid phenotypes and potential applications of organoids in therapeutic purposes. In this review, we discuss the status, applications, challenges and perspectives of intestinal organoid systems emphasising on hydrogels and their properties suitable for intestinal organoid culture. We provide an overview of hydrogels used for intestinal organoid culture and key factors regulating their biological activity. The comparison of different hydrogels would be a theoretical basis for establishing design principles of synthetic niches directing intestinal cell fates and functions. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Intestinal organoid is an in vitro recapitulation of the gut, which self-organizes from intestinal stem cells and maintains many features of the native tissue. Since the development of this technology, intestinal organoid systems have made significant contribution to rapid progress in intestinal biology. Prevailing methodology for organoid culture, however, depends on animal-derived matrices and suffers from variability and potential risk for contamination of pathogens, limiting their therapeutic application. Synthetic scaffold matrices, hydrogels, might provide solutions to these issues and deepen our understanding on how intestinal cells sense and respond to key biophysical properties of the surrounding matrices. This review provides an overview of developing intestinal models and biomaterials, thereby leading to better understanding of current intestinal organoid systems for both biologists and materials scientists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Hirota
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, N15, W7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
| | - Shaikha AlMusawi
- Cancer Genetic and Stem Cell group, Translational Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, Centre for Cancer Sciences, University of Nottingham, NG7 2RD, Nottingham, United Kingdom; Stem Cell biology and Cancer group, Translational Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, Centre for Cancer Sciences, University of Nottingham, NG7 2RD, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Abdolrahman S Nateri
- Cancer Genetic and Stem Cell group, Translational Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, Centre for Cancer Sciences, University of Nottingham, NG7 2RD, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Paloma Ordóñez-Morán
- Stem Cell biology and Cancer group, Translational Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, Centre for Cancer Sciences, University of Nottingham, NG7 2RD, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
| | - Masamichi Imajo
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, N15, W7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan.
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Mao S, Sarkar A, Wang Y, Song C, LeVine D, Wang X, Que L. Microfluidic chip grafted with integrin tension sensors for evaluating the effects of flowing shear stress and ROCK inhibitor on platelets. LAB ON A CHIP 2021; 21:3128-3136. [PMID: 34180491 PMCID: PMC8353964 DOI: 10.1039/d1lc00259g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Integrins are key players in platelet adhesion and aggregation. Integrin molecular tensions, the forces transmitted by integrin molecules, are regulated by both mechanical and biochemical cues, and the outside-in and inside-out signaling has been extensively studied. While the mechanical properties of platelets at static status have been studied by atomic force microscopy, traction force microscopy and tension sensors, the biomechanical properties of flowing platelets remain elusive. Herein, we report microfluidic chips grafted with integrin tension sensors for microfluidic-force mapping in platelets. Specifically, the process of integrin αIIbβ3 mediating tension transmission and platelet adhesion under low flow rates has been obtained, and the process of platelet clustering at post-stenotic regions has been demonstrated. We found that flowing shear force can postpone the integrin-mediated tension transmission and platelet adhesion. We further evaluated the effect of Y-27632, a ROCK inhibitor that has been proven to reduce integrin-mediated platelet adhesion, at a series of concentrations and demonstrated that microfluidic chips with integrin tension sensors are sensitive to the concentration-dependent effects of Y-27632. Given their low cost and scalable throughput, these chips are ideal technical platforms for biological studies of platelets at flowing status and for platelet inhibitor or potential antiplatelet drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subin Mao
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Iowa State University, Ames, USA50011.
| | - Anwesha Sarkar
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Iowa State University, Ames, USA50011. and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, USA50011.
| | - Yongliang Wang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, USA50011.
| | - Chao Song
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Iowa State University, Ames, USA50011.
| | - Dana LeVine
- Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, USA50011
| | - Xuefeng Wang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, USA50011.
| | - Long Que
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Iowa State University, Ames, USA50011.
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Ghilardi SJ, Aronson MS, Sgro AE. Ventral stress fibers induce plasma membrane deformation in human fibroblasts. Mol Biol Cell 2021; 32:1707-1723. [PMID: 34191528 PMCID: PMC8684729 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e21-03-0096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Interactions between the actin cytoskeleton and the plasma membrane are important in many eukaryotic cellular processes. During these processes, actin structures deform the cell membrane outward by applying forces parallel to the fiber's major axis (as in migration) or they deform the membrane inward by applying forces perpendicular to the fiber's major axis (as in the contractile ring during cytokinesis). Here we describe a novel actin-membrane interaction in human dermal myofibroblasts. When labeled with a cytosolic fluorophore, the myofibroblasts displayed prominent fluorescent structures on the ventral side of the cell. These structures are present in the cell membrane and colocalize with ventral actin stress fibers, suggesting that the stress fibers bend the membrane to form a "cytosolic pocket" that the fluorophores diffuse into, creating the observed structures. The existence of this pocket was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy. While dissolving the stress fibers, inhibiting fiber protein binding, or inhibiting myosin II binding of actin removed the observed pockets, modulating cellular contractility did not remove them. Taken together, our results illustrate a novel actin-membrane bending topology where the membrane is deformed outward rather than being pinched inward, resembling the topological inverse of the contractile ring found in cytokinesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel J. Ghilardi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and the Biological Design Center, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215
| | - Mark S. Aronson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and the Biological Design Center, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215
| | - Allyson E. Sgro
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and the Biological Design Center, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215
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Why exercise builds muscles: titin mechanosensing controls skeletal muscle growth under load. Biophys J 2021; 120:3649-3663. [PMID: 34389312 PMCID: PMC8456289 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2021.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscles sense internally generated and externally applied forces, responding to these in a coordinated hierarchical manner at different timescales. The center of the basic unit of the muscle, the sarcomeric M-band, is perfectly placed to sense the different types of load to which the muscle is subjected. In particular, the kinase domain of titin (TK) located at the M-band is a known candidate for mechanical signaling. Here, we develop a quantitative mathematical model that describes the kinetics of TK-based mechanosensitive signaling and predicts trophic changes in response to exercise and rehabilitation regimes. First, we build the kinetic model for TK conformational changes under force: opening, phosphorylation, signaling, and autoinhibition. We find that TK opens as a metastable mechanosensitive switch, which naturally produces a much greater signal after high-load resistance exercise than an equally energetically costly endurance effort. Next, for the model to be stable and give coherent predictions, in particular for the lag after the onset of an exercise regime, we have to account for the associated kinetics of phosphate (carried by ATP) and for the nonlinear dependence of protein synthesis rates on muscle fiber size. We suggest that the latter effect may occur via the steric inhibition of ribosome diffusion through the sieve-like myofilament lattice. The full model yields a steady-state solution (homeostasis) for muscle cross-sectional area and tension and, a quantitatively plausible hypertrophic response to training, as well as atrophy after an extended reduction in tension.
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Ploeg MC, Munts C, Prinzen FW, Turner NA, van Bilsen M, van Nieuwenhoven FA. Piezo1 Mechanosensitive Ion Channel Mediates Stretch-Induced Nppb Expression in Adult Rat Cardiac Fibroblasts. Cells 2021; 10:cells10071745. [PMID: 34359915 PMCID: PMC8303625 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
In response to stretch, cardiac tissue produces natriuretic peptides, which have been suggested to have beneficial effects in heart failure patients. In the present study, we explored the mechanism of stretch-induced brain natriuretic peptide (Nppb) expression in cardiac fibroblasts. Primary adult rat cardiac fibroblasts subjected to 4 h or 24 h of cyclic stretch (10% 1 Hz) showed a 6.6-fold or 3.2-fold (p < 0.05) increased mRNA expression of Nppb, as well as induction of genes related to myofibroblast differentiation. Moreover, BNP protein secretion was upregulated 5.3-fold in stretched cardiac fibroblasts. Recombinant BNP inhibited TGFβ1-induced Acta2 expression. Nppb expression was >20-fold higher in cardiomyocytes than in cardiac fibroblasts, indicating that cardiac fibroblasts were not the main source of Nppb in the healthy heart. Yoda1, an agonist of the Piezo1 mechanosensitive ion channel, increased Nppb expression 2.1-fold (p < 0.05) and significantly induced other extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling genes. Silencing of Piezo1 reduced the stretch-induced Nppb and Tgfb1 expression in cardiac fibroblasts. In conclusion, our study identifies Piezo1 as mediator of stretch-induced Nppb expression, as well as other remodeling genes, in cardiac fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meike C. Ploeg
- Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands; (M.C.P.); (C.M.); (F.W.P.); (M.v.B.)
| | - Chantal Munts
- Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands; (M.C.P.); (C.M.); (F.W.P.); (M.v.B.)
| | - Frits W. Prinzen
- Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands; (M.C.P.); (C.M.); (F.W.P.); (M.v.B.)
| | - Neil A. Turner
- Discovery and Translational Science Department, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK;
- Multidisciplinary Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Marc van Bilsen
- Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands; (M.C.P.); (C.M.); (F.W.P.); (M.v.B.)
| | - Frans A. van Nieuwenhoven
- Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands; (M.C.P.); (C.M.); (F.W.P.); (M.v.B.)
- Correspondence:
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Inman A, Smutny M. Feeling the force: Multiscale force sensing and transduction at the cell-cell interface. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2021; 120:53-65. [PMID: 34238674 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2021.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A universal principle of all living cells is the ability to sense and respond to mechanical stimuli which is essential for many biological processes. Recent efforts have identified critical mechanosensitive molecules and response pathways involved in mechanotransduction during development and tissue homeostasis. Tissue-wide force transmission and local force sensing need to be spatiotemporally coordinated to precisely regulate essential processes during development such as tissue morphogenesis, patterning, cell migration and organogenesis. Understanding how cells identify and interpret extrinsic forces and integrate a specific response on cell and tissue level remains a major challenge. In this review we consider important cellular and physical factors in control of cell-cell mechanotransduction and discuss their significance for cell and developmental processes. We further highlight mechanosensitive macromolecules that are known to respond to external forces and present examples of how force responses can be integrated into cell and developmental programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angus Inman
- Centre for Mechanochemical Cell Biology and Division of Biomedical Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry CV47AL, UK
| | - Michael Smutny
- Centre for Mechanochemical Cell Biology and Division of Biomedical Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry CV47AL, UK.
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Marchioni A, Tonelli R, Cerri S, Castaniere I, Andrisani D, Gozzi F, Bruzzi G, Manicardi L, Moretti A, Demurtas J, Baroncini S, Andreani A, Cappiello GF, Busani S, Fantini R, Tabbì L, Samarelli AV, Clini E. Pulmonary Stretch and Lung Mechanotransduction: Implications for Progression in the Fibrotic Lung. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126443. [PMID: 34208586 PMCID: PMC8234308 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung fibrosis results from the synergic interplay between regenerative deficits of the alveolar epithelium and dysregulated mechanisms of repair in response to alveolar and vascular damage, which is followed by progressive fibroblast and myofibroblast proliferation and excessive deposition of the extracellular matrix. The increased parenchymal stiffness of fibrotic lungs significantly affects respiratory mechanics, making the lung more fragile and prone to non-physiological stress during spontaneous breathing and mechanical ventilation. Given their parenchymal inhomogeneity, fibrotic lungs may display an anisotropic response to mechanical stresses with different regional deformations (micro-strain). This behavior is not described by the standard stress–strain curve but follows the mechano-elastic models of “squishy balls”, where the elastic limit can be reached due to the excessive deformation of parenchymal areas with normal elasticity that are surrounded by inelastic fibrous tissue or collapsed induration areas, which tend to protrude outside the fibrous ring. Increasing evidence has shown that non-physiological mechanical forces applied to fibrotic lungs with associated abnormal mechanotransduction could favor the progression of pulmonary fibrosis. With this review, we aim to summarize the state of the art on the relation between mechanical forces acting on the lung and biological response in pulmonary fibrosis, with a focus on the progression of damage in the fibrotic lung during spontaneous breathing and assisted ventilatory support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Marchioni
- Laboratory of Cell Therapies and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (A.M.); (S.C.); (I.C.); (D.A.); (F.G.); (G.B.); (L.M.); (A.M.); (A.V.S.); (E.C.)
- University Hospital of Modena, Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (S.B.); (A.A.); (G.F.C.); (R.F.); (L.T.)
| | - Roberto Tonelli
- Laboratory of Cell Therapies and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (A.M.); (S.C.); (I.C.); (D.A.); (F.G.); (G.B.); (L.M.); (A.M.); (A.V.S.); (E.C.)
- University Hospital of Modena, Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (S.B.); (A.A.); (G.F.C.); (R.F.); (L.T.)
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Stefania Cerri
- Laboratory of Cell Therapies and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (A.M.); (S.C.); (I.C.); (D.A.); (F.G.); (G.B.); (L.M.); (A.M.); (A.V.S.); (E.C.)
- University Hospital of Modena, Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (S.B.); (A.A.); (G.F.C.); (R.F.); (L.T.)
| | - Ivana Castaniere
- Laboratory of Cell Therapies and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (A.M.); (S.C.); (I.C.); (D.A.); (F.G.); (G.B.); (L.M.); (A.M.); (A.V.S.); (E.C.)
- University Hospital of Modena, Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (S.B.); (A.A.); (G.F.C.); (R.F.); (L.T.)
| | - Dario Andrisani
- Laboratory of Cell Therapies and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (A.M.); (S.C.); (I.C.); (D.A.); (F.G.); (G.B.); (L.M.); (A.M.); (A.V.S.); (E.C.)
- University Hospital of Modena, Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (S.B.); (A.A.); (G.F.C.); (R.F.); (L.T.)
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Filippo Gozzi
- Laboratory of Cell Therapies and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (A.M.); (S.C.); (I.C.); (D.A.); (F.G.); (G.B.); (L.M.); (A.M.); (A.V.S.); (E.C.)
- University Hospital of Modena, Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (S.B.); (A.A.); (G.F.C.); (R.F.); (L.T.)
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Giulia Bruzzi
- Laboratory of Cell Therapies and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (A.M.); (S.C.); (I.C.); (D.A.); (F.G.); (G.B.); (L.M.); (A.M.); (A.V.S.); (E.C.)
- University Hospital of Modena, Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (S.B.); (A.A.); (G.F.C.); (R.F.); (L.T.)
| | - Linda Manicardi
- Laboratory of Cell Therapies and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (A.M.); (S.C.); (I.C.); (D.A.); (F.G.); (G.B.); (L.M.); (A.M.); (A.V.S.); (E.C.)
- University Hospital of Modena, Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (S.B.); (A.A.); (G.F.C.); (R.F.); (L.T.)
| | - Antonio Moretti
- Laboratory of Cell Therapies and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (A.M.); (S.C.); (I.C.); (D.A.); (F.G.); (G.B.); (L.M.); (A.M.); (A.V.S.); (E.C.)
- University Hospital of Modena, Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (S.B.); (A.A.); (G.F.C.); (R.F.); (L.T.)
| | - Jacopo Demurtas
- Primary Care Department USL Toscana Sud Est-Grosseto, 58100 Grosseto, Italy;
| | - Serena Baroncini
- University Hospital of Modena, Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (S.B.); (A.A.); (G.F.C.); (R.F.); (L.T.)
| | - Alessandro Andreani
- University Hospital of Modena, Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (S.B.); (A.A.); (G.F.C.); (R.F.); (L.T.)
| | - Gaia Francesca Cappiello
- University Hospital of Modena, Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (S.B.); (A.A.); (G.F.C.); (R.F.); (L.T.)
| | - Stefano Busani
- University Hospital of Modena, Anesthesiology Unit, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy;
| | - Riccardo Fantini
- University Hospital of Modena, Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (S.B.); (A.A.); (G.F.C.); (R.F.); (L.T.)
| | - Luca Tabbì
- University Hospital of Modena, Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (S.B.); (A.A.); (G.F.C.); (R.F.); (L.T.)
| | - Anna Valeria Samarelli
- Laboratory of Cell Therapies and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (A.M.); (S.C.); (I.C.); (D.A.); (F.G.); (G.B.); (L.M.); (A.M.); (A.V.S.); (E.C.)
- University Hospital of Modena, Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (S.B.); (A.A.); (G.F.C.); (R.F.); (L.T.)
| | - Enrico Clini
- Laboratory of Cell Therapies and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (A.M.); (S.C.); (I.C.); (D.A.); (F.G.); (G.B.); (L.M.); (A.M.); (A.V.S.); (E.C.)
- University Hospital of Modena, Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (S.B.); (A.A.); (G.F.C.); (R.F.); (L.T.)
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Weinberg SH, Saini N, Lemmon CA. Effects of substrate stiffness and actin velocity on in silico fibronectin fibril morphometry and mechanics. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0248256. [PMID: 34106923 PMCID: PMC8189481 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Assembly of the extracellular matrix protein fibronectin (FN) into insoluble, viscoelastic fibrils is a critical step during embryonic development and wound healing; misregulation of FN fibril assembly has been implicated in many diseases, including fibrotic diseases and cancer. We have previously developed a computational model of FN fibril assembly that recapitulates the morphometry and mechanics of cell-derived FN fibrils. Here we use this model to probe two important questions: how is FN fibril formation affected by the contractile phenotype of the cell, and how is FN fibril formation affected by the stiffness of the surrounding tissue? We show that FN fibril formation depends strongly on the contractile phenotype of the cell, but only weakly on in vitro substrate stiffness, which is an analog for in vivo tissue stiffness. These results are consistent with previous experimental data and provide a better insight into conditions that promote FN fibril assembly. We have also investigated two distinct phenotypes of FN fibrils that we have previously identified; we show that the ratio of the two phenotypes depends on both substrate stiffness and contractile phenotype, with intermediate contractility and high substrate stiffness creating an optimal condition for stably stretched fibrils. Finally, we have investigated how re-stretch of a fibril affects cellular response. We probed how the contractile phenotype of the re-stretching cell affects the mechanics of the fibril; results indicate that the number of myosin motors only weakly affects the cellular response, but increasing actin velocity results in a decrease in the apparent stiffness of the fibril and a decrease in the stably-applied force to the fibril. Taken together, these results give novel insights into the combinatorial effects of substrate stiffness and cell contractility on FN fibril assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seth H. Weinberg
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States of America
- * E-mail: (CAL); (SHW)
| | - Navpreet Saini
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States of America
| | - Christopher A. Lemmon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States of America
- * E-mail: (CAL); (SHW)
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