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Mizuno R, Yamaguchi R, Matsuura K, Ishigami A, Sakumoto R, Sawai K, Koyama K, Okubo M, Souma K, Hirayama H. Expression and localization of anti-Müllerian hormone and its receptors in bovine corpus luteum. Theriogenology 2024; 226:228-235. [PMID: 38924892 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2024.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Although anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is involved in the regulation of granulosa cell function in female animals, its role in tissues other than ovarian follicles remains poorly understood. It has also been suggested that cows with high circulating AMH concentrations have increased fertility; however, the mechanism has not been elucidated. This study was conducted to identify the presence of the AMH-signaling system and its target cells in the bovine corpus luteum formed from an ovulated follicle. Immunoblotting revealed that the proteolytically cleaved C-terminal region in AMH (AMHC), a biologically active peptide, was present in trace amounts in the early corpus luteum and significantly increased during the mid to regressed stages. AMHC and cleaved N-terminal region (AMHN) in AMH generate a noncovalent isoform that improves the activity of AMH signaling. An immunohistochemical analysis revealed that AMHC, AMHN, and type II AMH receptor (AMHR2) were localized to luteal cells during the entire estrous cycle. AMH in the corpus luteum seemed to be newly synthesized since AMH expression was detected. These findings suggest that AMH signaling is involved in the regulation of luteal cell function through an autocrine and post-translational processing mechanism. The level of AMHR2 and mRNA expression of AMHR2 and type I AMH receptors (activin-like kinase 2, 3, and 6) were highest in the mid stage. Thus, AMH signaling in the corpus luteum may also be regulated by changes in the receptor levels. Since the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily, to which AMH belongs, is a multifunctional polypeptide growth factor, further studies are needed to evaluate whether AMH signaling has a role in facilitating or inhibiting luteal cell functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riuru Mizuno
- Department of Bioproduction, Graduate School of Bioindustry, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Abashiri, Hokkaido, 099-2493, Japan
| | - Rin Yamaguchi
- Department of Bioproduction, Faculty of Bioindustry, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Abashiri, Hokkaido, 099-2493, Japan
| | - Kaoru Matsuura
- Department of Bioproduction, Faculty of Bioindustry, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Abashiri, Hokkaido, 099-2493, Japan
| | - Ayaha Ishigami
- Department of Bioproduction, Graduate School of Bioindustry, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Abashiri, Hokkaido, 099-2493, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Sakumoto
- Division of Advanced Feeding Technology Research, Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Ibaraki, 305-0901, Japan
| | - Ken Sawai
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Iwate University, Iwate, 020-8550, Japan
| | - Keisuke Koyama
- Laboratory of Theriogenology, Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, 598-8531, Japan
| | - Michiko Okubo
- Department of Bioproduction, Faculty of Bioindustry, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Abashiri, Hokkaido, 099-2493, Japan
| | - Kousaku Souma
- Department of Bioproduction, Graduate School of Bioindustry, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Abashiri, Hokkaido, 099-2493, Japan; Department of Bioproduction, Faculty of Bioindustry, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Abashiri, Hokkaido, 099-2493, Japan
| | - Hiroki Hirayama
- Department of Bioproduction, Graduate School of Bioindustry, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Abashiri, Hokkaido, 099-2493, Japan; Department of Bioproduction, Faculty of Bioindustry, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Abashiri, Hokkaido, 099-2493, Japan.
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2
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Pu KL, Kang H, Li L. Therapeutic targets for age-related macular degeneration: proteome-wide Mendelian randomization and colocalization analyses. Front Neurol 2024; 15:1400557. [PMID: 38903171 PMCID: PMC11187347 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1400557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Currently, effective therapeutic drugs for age-related macular degeneration (AMD) are urgently needed, and it is crucial to explore new treatment targets. The proteome is indispensable for exploring disease targets, so we conducted a Mendelian randomization (MR) of the proteome to identify new targets for AMD and its related subtypes. Methods The plasma protein level data used in this study were obtained from two large-scale studies of protein quantitative trait loci (pQTL), comprising 35,559 and 54,219 samples, respectively. The expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) data were sourced from eQTLGen and GTEx Version 8. The discovery set for AMD data and subtypes was derived from the FinnGen study, consisting of 9,721 AMD cases and 381,339 controls, 5,239 wet AMD cases and 273,920 controls, and 6,651 dry AMD cases and 272,504 controls. The replication set for AMD data was obtained from the study by Winkler TW et al., comprising 14,034 cases and 91,234 controls. Summary Mendelian randomization (SMR) analysis was employed to assess the association between QTL data and AMD and its subtypes, while colocalization analysis was performed to determine whether they share causal variants. Additionally, chemical exploration and molecular docking were utilized to validate potential drugs targeting the identified proteins. Results SMR and colocalization analysis jointly identified risk-associated proteins for AMD and its subtypes, including 5 proteins (WARS1, BRD2, IL20RB, TGFB1, TNFRSF10A) associated with AMD, 2 proteins (WARS1, IL20RB) associated with Dry-AMD, and 9 proteins (COL10A1, WARS1, VTN, SDF2, LBP, CD226, TGFB1, TNFRSF10A, CSF2) associated with Wet-AMD. The results revealed potential therapeutic chemicals, and molecular docking indicated a good binding between the chemicals and protein structures. Conclusion Proteome-wide MR have identified risk-associated proteins for AMD and its subtypes, suggesting that these proteins may serve as potential therapeutic targets worthy of further clinical investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Lin Pu
- Pengzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hong Kang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sichuan Cancer Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Li
- Pengzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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3
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Uju CN, Unniappan S. Growth factors and female reproduction in vertebrates. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2024; 579:112091. [PMID: 37863469 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2023.112091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Female reproductive efficiency is influenced by the outcomes of various processes, including folliculogenesis, apoptosis, response to gonadotropin signaling, oocyte maturation, and ovulation. The role of hormones in regulating these processes and other reproductive activities has been well established. It is becoming increasingly evident that in addition to well-characterized hormones, growth factors play vital roles in regulating some of these reproductive activities. Growth factors and their receptors are widely distributed in vertebrate ovaries at different stages of ovarian development, indicating their involvement in intraovarian reproductive functions. In the ovary, cell surface receptors allow growth factors to regulate intraovarian reproductive activities. Understanding these actions in the reproductive axis would provide a tool to target growth factors and/or their receptors to yield desirable reproductive outcomes. These include enrichment of in vitro maturation and fertilization culture media, and management of infertility. This review discusses some widely characterized growth factors belonging to the TGF, EGF, IGF, FGF, and BDNF family of peptides and their role in female reproduction in vertebrates, with a focus on mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinelo N Uju
- Laboratory of Integrative Neuroendocrinology, Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 5B4, Canada
| | - Suraj Unniappan
- Laboratory of Integrative Neuroendocrinology, Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 5B4, Canada.
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4
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Monaco CF, Davis JS. Mechanisms of angioregression of the corpus luteum. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1254943. [PMID: 37841308 PMCID: PMC10568036 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1254943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The corpus luteum is a transient ovarian endocrine gland that produces the progesterone necessary for the establishment and maintenance of pregnancy. The formation and function of this gland involves angiogenesis, establishing the tissue with a robust blood flow and vast microvasculature required to support production of progesterone. Every steroidogenic cell within the corpus luteum is in direct contact with a capillary, and disruption of angiogenesis impairs luteal development and function. At the end of a reproductive cycle, the corpus luteum ceases progesterone production and undergoes rapid structural regression into a nonfunctional corpus albicans in a process initiated and exacerbated by the luteolysin prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α). Structural regression is accompanied by complete regression of the luteal microvasculature in which endothelial cells die and are sloughed off into capillaries and lymphatic vessels. During luteal regression, changes in nitric oxide transiently increase blood flow, followed by a reduction in blood flow and progesterone secretion. Early luteal regression is marked by an increased production of cytokines and chemokines and influx of immune cells. Microvascular endothelial cells are sensitive to released factors during luteolysis, including thrombospondin, endothelin, and cytokines like tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF) and transforming growth factor β 1 (TGFB1). Although PGF2α is known to be a vasoconstrictor, endothelial cells do not express receptors for PGF2α, therefore it is believed that the angioregression occurring during luteolysis is mediated by factors downstream of PGF2α signaling. Yet, the exact mechanisms responsible for angioregression in the corpus luteum remain unknown. This review describes the current knowledge on angioregression of the corpus luteum and the roles of vasoactive factors released during luteolysis on luteal vasculature and endothelial cells of the microvasculature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corrine F. Monaco
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - John S. Davis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
- US Department of Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Healthcare System, Omaha, NE, United States
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Monaco CF, Plewes MR, Przygrodzka E, George JW, Qiu F, Xiao P, Wood JR, Cupp AS, Davis JS. Basic fibroblast growth factor induces proliferation and collagen production by fibroblasts derived from the bovine corpus luteum†. Biol Reprod 2023; 109:367-380. [PMID: 37283496 PMCID: PMC10502575 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioad065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclic regression of the ovarian corpus luteum, the endocrine gland responsible for progesterone production, involves rapid matrix remodeling. Despite fibroblasts in other systems being known for producing and maintaining extracellular matrix, little is known about fibroblasts in the functional or regressing corpus luteum. Vast transcriptomic changes occur in the regressing corpus luteum, among which are reduced levels of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) and increased expression of fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) after 4 and 12 h of induced regression, when progesterone is declining and the microvasculature is destabilizing. We hypothesized that FGF2 activates luteal fibroblasts. Analysis of transcriptomic changes during induced luteal regression revealed elevations in markers of fibroblast activation and fibrosis, including fibroblast activation protein (FAP), serpin family E member 1 (SERPINE1), and secreted phosphoprotein 1 (SPP1). To test our hypothesis, we treated bovine luteal fibroblasts with FGF2 to measure downstream signaling, type 1 collagen production, and proliferation. We observed rapid and robust phosphorylation of various signaling pathways involved in proliferation, such as ERK, AKT, and STAT1. From our longer-term treatments, we determined that FGF2 has a concentration-dependent collagen-inducing effect, and that FGF2 acts as a mitogen for luteal fibroblasts. FGF2-induced proliferation was greatly blunted by inhibition of AKT or STAT1 signaling. Our results suggest that luteal fibroblasts are responsive to factors that are released by the regressing bovine corpus luteum, an insight into the contribution of fibroblasts to the microenvironment in the regressing corpus luteum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corrine F Monaco
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Michele R Plewes
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
- US Department of Veterans Affairs-Nebraska Western Iowa Healthcare System, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Emilia Przygrodzka
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Jitu W George
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
- US Department of Veterans Affairs-Nebraska Western Iowa Healthcare System, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Fang Qiu
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Peng Xiao
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology & Anatomy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Jennifer R Wood
- Department of Animal Science, University of Nebraska—Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Andrea S Cupp
- Department of Animal Science, University of Nebraska—Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - John S Davis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
- US Department of Veterans Affairs-Nebraska Western Iowa Healthcare System, Omaha, NE, USA
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Kowalewski MP. Advances in understanding canine pregnancy: Endocrine and morpho-functional regulation. Reprod Domest Anim 2023; 58 Suppl 2:163-175. [PMID: 37724655 DOI: 10.1111/rda.14443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Canine pregnancy relies on luteal steroidogenesis for progesterone (P4) production. The canine placenta responds to P4, depending on the nuclear P4 receptor (PGR). This has sparked interest in investigating the interaction between ovarian luteal steroids and the placenta in dogs. Canine placentation is characterized by restricted (shallow) trophoblast invasion, making the dog an interesting model for studying decidua-derived modulation of trophoblast invasion, compared with the more invasive (hemochorial) placentation. The PGR is expressed in maternally derived decidual cells and plays a crucial role in feto-maternal communication during pregnancy maintenance. Understanding PGR-mediated signalling has clinical implications for improving reproductive performance control in dogs. Altering the PGR signalling induces the release of PGF2α from the foetal trophoblast, hindering placental homeostasis, which can also be achieved with antigestagens like aglepristone. Consequently, luteolysis, both natural and antigestagen-induced, involves apoptosis, vascular lesion, and immune cell infiltration in the placenta, resulting in placentolysis and foetal membranes expulsion. Our laboratory developed the immortalized dog uterine stromal (DUS) cell line to study canine-specific decidualization. We study canine reproduction by observing physiological processes and investigating evidence-based mechanisms of decidualization and feto-maternal interaction. Our focus on morphology, function and molecular aspects enhances understanding and enables targeted and translational studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariusz P Kowalewski
- Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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7
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Cobb MS, Tao S, Shortt K, Girgis M, Hauptman J, Schriewer J, Chin Z, Dorfman E, Campbell K, Heruth DP, Shohet RV, Dawn B, Konorev EA. Smad3 promotes adverse cardiovascular remodeling and dysfunction in doxorubicin-treated hearts. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2022; 323:H1091-H1107. [PMID: 36269647 PMCID: PMC9678413 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00312.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Many anticancer therapies cause serious cardiovascular complications that degrade quality of life and cause early mortality in treated patients. Specifically, doxorubicin is known as an effective anticancer agent that causes cardiomyopathy in treated patients. There has been growing interest in defining the role of endothelial cells in cardiac damage by doxorubicin. We have shown in the present study that endothelial nuclei accumulate more intravenously administered doxorubicin than other cardiac cell types. Doxorubicin enhanced cardiac production of the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) ligands and nuclear translocation of phospho-Smad3 in both cultured and in vivo cardiac endothelial cells. To examine the role of the TGF-β/mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3 (Smad3) pathway in cardiac damage by doxorubicin, we used both Smad3 shRNA stable endothelial cell lines and Smad3-knockout mice. We demonstrated using endothelial transcriptome analysis that upregulation of the TGF-β and inflammatory cytokine/cytokine receptor pathways, as well as suppression of cell cycle and angiogenesis by doxorubicin, were alleviated in Smad3-deficient endothelial cells. The results of transcriptomic analysis were validated using qPCR, immunoblotting, and ex vivo aortic ring sprouting assays. Similarly, increased cardiac expression of cytokines and chemokines observed in treated wild-type mice was diminished in treated Smad3-knockout animals. We also detected increased end-diastolic diameter and depressed systolic function in doxorubicin-treated wild-type but not Smad3-knockout mice. This work provides evidence for the critical role of the canonical TGF-β/Smad3 pathway in cardiac damage by doxorubicin.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Microvascular endothelial cells in the heart accumulate more intravenously administered doxorubicin than nonendothelial cardiac cell types. The treatment enhanced the TGF-β/Smad3 pathway and elicited endothelial cell senescence and inflammatory responses followed by adverse cardiac remodeling and dysfunction in wild-type but not Smad3-deficient animals. Our study suggests that the TGF-β/Smad3 pathway contributes to the development of doxorubicin cardiomyopathy and the potential value of novel approaches to ameliorate cardiotoxicity by targeting the Smad3 transcription factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa S. Cobb
- 1Department of Basic Sciences, Kansas City University, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Shixin Tao
- 1Department of Basic Sciences, Kansas City University, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Katherine Shortt
- 2Ambry Genetics, Department of Advanced Analytics, Aliso Viejo, California
| | - Magdy Girgis
- 3Department of Internal Medicine, Kirk Kerkorian School of Medicine at UNLV, Las Vegas, Nevada
| | - Jeryl Hauptman
- 3Department of Internal Medicine, Kirk Kerkorian School of Medicine at UNLV, Las Vegas, Nevada
| | - Jill Schriewer
- 1Department of Basic Sciences, Kansas City University, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Zaphrirah Chin
- 1Department of Basic Sciences, Kansas City University, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Edward Dorfman
- 1Department of Basic Sciences, Kansas City University, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Kyle Campbell
- 1Department of Basic Sciences, Kansas City University, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Daniel P. Heruth
- 4The Children’s Mercy Research Institute, Kansas City, Missouri,5Department of Pediatrics, University of Missouri—Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Ralph V. Shohet
- 6Department of Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine,
University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Buddhadeb Dawn
- 3Department of Internal Medicine, Kirk Kerkorian School of Medicine at UNLV, Las Vegas, Nevada
| | - Eugene A. Konorev
- 1Department of Basic Sciences, Kansas City University, Kansas City, Missouri
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TGF-β1 induces type I collagen deposition in granulosa cells via the AKT/GSK-3β signaling pathway-mediated MMP1 down-regulation. Reprod Biol 2022; 22:100705. [DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2022.100705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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9
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Li H, Chang HM, Li S, Klausen C, Shi Z, Leung PC. Characterization of the roles of amphiregulin and transforming growth factor β1 in microvasculature-like formation in human granulosa-lutein cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:968166. [PMID: 36092732 PMCID: PMC9448859 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.968166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial-cadherin (VE-cadherin) is an essential component that regulates angiogenesis during corpus luteum formation. Amphiregulin (AREG) and transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) are two intrafollicular factors that possess opposite functions in directing corpus luteum development and progesterone synthesis in human granulosa-lutein (hGL) cells. However, whether AREG or TGF-β1 regulates the VE-cadherin expression and subsequent angiogenesis in the human corpus luteum remains to be elucidated. Results showed that hGL cells cultured on Matrigel spontaneously formed capillary-like and sprout-like microvascular networks. Results of specific inhibitor treatment and small interfering RNA-mediated knockdown revealed that AREG promoteed microvascular-like formation in hGL cells by upregulating the VE-cadherin expression mediated by the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-extracellular signal-regulated kinase1/2 (ERK1/2) signaling pathway. However, TGF-β1 suppressed microvascular-like formation in hGL cells by downregulating VE-cadherin expression mediated by the activin receptor-like kinase (ALK)5-Sma- and Mad-related protein (SMAD)2/3/4 signaling pathway. Collectively, this study provides important insights into the underlying molecular mechanisms by which TGF-β1 and AREG differentially regulate corpus luteum formation in human ovaries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Reproduction, Institute of Animal Science, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Hsun-Ming Chang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Hsun-Ming Chang, ; Peter C.K. Leung,
| | - Saijiao Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Christian Klausen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Zhendan Shi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Reproduction, Institute of Animal Science, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Peter C.K. Leung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- *Correspondence: Hsun-Ming Chang, ; Peter C.K. Leung,
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10
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Hughes CHK, Mezera MA, Wiltbank MC, Pate JL. Insights from two independent transcriptomic studies of the bovine corpus luteum during pregnancy. J Anim Sci 2022; 100:6620793. [PMID: 35772758 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skac115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Several recent studies have used transcriptomics to investigate luteal changes during the maternal recognition of the pregnancy period in ruminants. Although these studies have contributed to our understanding of luteal function during early pregnancy, few attempts have been made to integrate information across these studies and distinguish key luteal transcripts or functions that are repeatably identified across multiple studies. Therefore, in this study, two independent studies of the luteal transcriptome during early pregnancy were combined and compared. In the first study, corpora lutea (CL) from day 20 of pregnancy were compared with CL collected on day 14 of pregnancy, prior to embryonic signaling. The cattle were nonlactating. In the second study, CL from day 20 of pregnancy were compared with CL collected from day 20 cyclic cattle that had been confirmed as not yet undergoing luteal regression. These were lactating cattle. Three methods were used to compare these two datasets, to identify key luteal regulators. In the first method, all transcripts with Benjamini-Hochberg-adjusted P-value (Q value) < 0.05 in both datasets were considered. This yielded 22 transcripts, including several classical interferon-stimulated genes, as well as regulators of transforming growth factor-beta (TGFB) and latent TGFB-binding proteins (LTBP)1 and 2. In the second, less conservative method, all transcripts with P < 0.01 and changed in the same direction in both datasets were considered. This yielded an additional 20 transcripts that were not identified in the first analysis, for a total of 42 common transcripts. These transcripts were regulators of functions such as inflammatory balance and matrix remodeling. In the third method, transcripts with Q < 0.10 were subject to pathway analysis, and common pathways were identified. Retinoic acid signaling and classical interferon signaling pathways were identified with this method. Finally, regulation by interferon tau (IFNT) was investigated. Among the 42 transcripts identified, 32 were regulated by IFNT in cultured luteal cells (Q < 0.05). Among those not regulated by IFNT were LTBP1 and 2, which are TGFB-binding proteins. In summary, common transcripts from two studies of the luteal transcriptome during early pregnancy were combined and shared changes were identified. This not only generated a list of potential key luteal regulators, which were mostly IFNT regulated, but also included transcripts not regulated by IFNT, including LTBP1 and 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla H K Hughes
- Center for Reproductive Biology and Health, Department of Animal Science, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Megan A Mezera
- Endocrinology and Reproductive Physiology Program and Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Milo C Wiltbank
- Endocrinology and Reproductive Physiology Program and Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Joy L Pate
- Center for Reproductive Biology and Health, Department of Animal Science, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
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11
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Niu H, Gao N, Dang Y, Guan Y, Guan J. Delivery of VEGF and delta-like 4 to synergistically regenerate capillaries and arterioles in ischemic limbs. Acta Biomater 2022; 143:295-309. [PMID: 35301145 PMCID: PMC9926495 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Vascularization of the poorly vascularized limbs affected by critical limb ischemia (CLI) is necessary to salvage the limbs and avoid amputation. Effective vascularization requires forming not only capillaries, but also arterioles and vessel branching. These processes rely on the survival, migration and morphogenesis of endothelial cells in the ischemic limbs. Yet endothelial cell functions are impaired by the upregulated TGFβ. Herein, we developed an injectable hydrogel-based drug release system capable of delivering both VEGF and Dll4 to synergistically restore endothelial cellular functions, leading to accelerated formation of capillaries, arterioles and vessel branching. In vitro, the Dll4 and VEGF synergistically promoted the human arterial endothelial cell (HAEC) survival, migration, and formation of filopodial structure, lumens, and branches under the elevated TGFβ1 condition mimicking that of the ischemic limbs. The synergistic effect was resulted from activating VEGFR2, Notch-1 and Erk1/2 signaling pathways. After delivering the Dll4 and VEGF via an injectable and thermosensitive hydrogel to the ischemic mouse hindlimbs, 95% of blood perfusion was restored at day 14, significantly higher than delivery of Dll4 or VEGF only. The released Dll4 and VEGF significantly increased density of capillaries and arterioles, vessel branching point density, and proliferating cell density. Besides, the delivery of Dll4 and VEGF stimulated skeletal muscle regeneration and improved muscle function. Overall, the developed hydrogel-based Dll4 and VEGF delivery system promoted ischemic limb vascularization and muscle regeneration. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Effective vascularization of the poorly vascularized limbs affected by critical limb ischemia (CLI) requires forming not only capillaries, but also arterioles and vessel branching. These processes rely on the survival, migration and morphogenesis of endothelial cells. Yet endothelial cell functions are impaired by the upregulated TGFβ in the ischemic limbs. Herein, we developed an injectable hydrogel-based drug release system capable of delivering both VEGF and Dll4 to synergistically restore endothelial cell functions, leading to accelerated formation of capillaries, arterioles and vessel branching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Niu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Washington University in St. Louis. St. Louis, MO, 63130, United States; Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis. St. Louis, MO, 63130, United States; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ohio State University. Columbus, OH, 43210, United States
| | - Ning Gao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Washington University in St. Louis. St. Louis, MO, 63130, United States; Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis. St. Louis, MO, 63130, United States
| | - Yu Dang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Washington University in St. Louis. St. Louis, MO, 63130, United States; Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis. St. Louis, MO, 63130, United States
| | - Ya Guan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Washington University in St. Louis. St. Louis, MO, 63130, United States; Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis. St. Louis, MO, 63130, United States
| | - Jianjun Guan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Washington University in St. Louis. St. Louis, MO, 63130, United States; Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis. St. Louis, MO, 63130, United States; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ohio State University. Columbus, OH, 43210, United States; Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis. St. Louis, MO, 63130, United States.
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12
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McIntosh SZ, Quinn KE, Ashley RL. CXCL12 May Drive Inflammatory Potential in the Ovine Corpus Luteum During Implantation. Reprod Sci 2021; 29:122-132. [PMID: 34755321 PMCID: PMC8677687 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-021-00791-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Adequate corpus luteum (CL) function is paramount to successful pregnancy. Structural and functional CL integrity is controlled by diverse cell types that contribute and respond to the local cytokine milieu. The chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12) and receptor, CXCR4, are modulators of inflammation and cell survival, but little is understood about CXCL12-CXCR4 axis and CL functional regulation. Corpora lutea from control nonpregnant ewes (n = 5; day 10 estrous cycle (D10C)) and pregnant ewes (n = 5/day) on days 20 (D20P) and 30 (D30P) post-breeding were analyzed for gene and protein expression of CXCL12, CXCR4, and select inflammatory cytokines. In separate cell culture studies, cytokine production was evaluated following CXCL12 treatment. Abundance of CXCL12 and CXCR4 increased (P < 0.05) in pregnant ewes compared to nonpregnant ewes, as determined by a combination of quantitative PCR, immunoblot, and immunofluorescence microscopy. CXCR4 was detected in steroidogenic and nonsteroidogenic cells in ovine CL, and select pro-inflammatory mediators were greater in CL from pregnant ewes. In vitro studies revealed greater abundance of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) following CXCL12 administration (P = 0.05), while P4 levels in cell media were unchanged. Fully functional CL of pregnant ewes is characterized by increased abundance of inflammatory cytokines which may function in a luteotropic manner. We report concurrent increases in CXCL12, CXCR4, and select inflammatory mediators in ovine CL as early pregnancy progresses. We propose CXCL12 stimulates production of select cytokines, rather than P4 in the CL to assist in CL establishment and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacia Z McIntosh
- Department of Animal and Range Sciences, New Mexico State University, MSC 3-I, PO Box 30003, Las Cruces, NM, 88003, USA
| | - Kelsey E Quinn
- Department of Animal and Range Sciences, New Mexico State University, MSC 3-I, PO Box 30003, Las Cruces, NM, 88003, USA.,Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Ryan L Ashley
- Department of Animal and Range Sciences, New Mexico State University, MSC 3-I, PO Box 30003, Las Cruces, NM, 88003, USA.
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Abstract
The reproductive lifespan of female mammals is limited and ultimately depends on the production of a sufficient number of high quality oocytes from a pool of non-growing primordial follicles that are set aside during embryonic and perinatal development. Recent studies show multiple signaling pathways are responsible for maintaining primordial follicle arrest and regulation of activation. Identification of these pathways and their regulatory mechanisms is essential for developing novel treatments for female infertility, improving existing in vitro fertilization techniques, and more recently, restoring the function of cryopreserved ovarian tissue. This review focuses on recent developments in transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) family signaling in ovarian follicle development and its potential application to therapeutic design. Mouse models have been an essential tool for discovering genes critical for fertility, and recent advancements in human organ culture have additionally allowed for the translation of murine discoveries into human research and clinical settings.
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14
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Guo B, Qu X, Chen Z, Yu J, Yan L, Zhu H. Transcriptome analysis reveals transforming growth factor-β1 prevents extracellular matrix degradation and cell adhesion during the follicular-luteal transition in cows. J Reprod Dev 2021; 68:12-20. [PMID: 34690213 PMCID: PMC8872751 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.2021-071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian angiogenesis is an extremely rapid process that occurs during the transition from follicle to corpus luteum (CL) and is crucial for reproduction. It is regulated by numerous factors
including transforming growth factor-β1 (TGFB1). However, the regulatory mechanism of TGFB1 in ovarian angiogenesis is not fully understood. To address this, in this study we obtained
high-throughput transcriptome analysis (RNA-seq) data from bovine luteinizing follicular cells cultured in a system mimicking angiogenesis and treated with TGFB1, and identified 455
differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Quantitative real-time PCR results confirmed the differential expression patterns of the 12 selected genes. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes
(KEGG) analysis identified that the MAPK and ErbB pathways, cell adhesion molecules (CAMs), and extracellular matrix (ECM)-receptor interactions may play pivotal roles in TGFB1-mediated
inhibition of CL angiogenesis. TGFB1 phosphorylated ERK1/2 (MAPK1/3) and Akt, indicating that these pathways may play an important role in the regulation of angiogenesis. Several genes with
specific functions in cell adhesion and ECM degradation were identified among the DEGs. In particular, TGFB1-induced upregulation of syndecan-1 (SDC1) and collagen type I alpha 1 chain
(COL1A1) expression may contribute to the deposition of type I collagen in luteinizing follicular cells. These results indicate that TGFB1 inhibits cell adhesion and ECM
degradation processes involving ERK1/2, ErbB, and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways, and leads to inhibition of angiogenesis during the follicular-luteal transition. Our results further reveal the
molecular mechanisms underlying the actions of TGFB1 in early luteinization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binbin Guo
- Laboratory of Animal Improvement and Reproduction, Institute of Animal Science, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Xiaolu Qu
- Laboratory of Animal Improvement and Reproduction, Institute of Animal Science, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Zhe Chen
- Laboratory of Animal Improvement and Reproduction, Institute of Animal Science, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Jianning Yu
- Laboratory of Animal Improvement and Reproduction, Institute of Animal Science, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Leyan Yan
- Laboratory of Animal Improvement and Reproduction, Institute of Animal Science, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Huanxi Zhu
- Laboratory of Animal Improvement and Reproduction, Institute of Animal Science, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
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15
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Basavaraja R, Drum JN, Sapuleni J, Bibi L, Friedlander G, Kumar S, Sartori R, Meidan R. Downregulated luteolytic pathways in the transcriptome of early pregnancy bovine corpus luteum are mimicked by interferon-tau in vitro. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:452. [PMID: 34134617 PMCID: PMC8207607 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-07747-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Maintenance of the corpus luteum (CL) beyond the time of luteolysis is essential for establishing pregnancy. Identifying the distinct features of early pregnancy CL remains unresolved, hence we analyzed here the transcriptome of CL on day 18 pregnant (P) and non-pregnant (NP) cows using RNA-Seq. CL of P cows expressed ISGs, verifying exposure to the pregnancy recognition signal, interferon-tau (IFNT), whereas the CL of NP cows had elevated luteal progesterone levels, implying that luteolysis had not yet commenced. Results The DEGs, IPA, and metascape canonical pathways, along with GSEA analysis, differed markedly in the CL of P cows from those of NP cows, at the same day of the cycle. Both metascape and IPA identified similar significantly enriched pathways such as interferon alpha/beta, sonic hedgehog pathway, TNFA, EDN1, TGFB1, and PDGF. However, type-1 interferon and sonic hedgehog pathways were positively enriched whereas most of the enriched pathways were downregulated in the P compared to NP samples. Thirty-four % of these pathways are known to be elevated by PGF2A during luteolysis. Notably, selective DEGs in luteinized granulosa cells were modulated by IFNT in vitro in a similar manner to their regulation in the CL of P cows. Conclusion This study unraveled the unique transcriptomic signature of the IFNT-exposed, early pregnancy CL, highlighting the abundance of downregulated pathways known to be otherwise induced during luteolysis. These and IFNT-regulated in vitro pregnancy-specific DEGs suggest that IFNT contributes to the characteristics and maintenance of early pregnancy CL. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-021-07747-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghavendra Basavaraja
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 7610001, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Jessica N Drum
- Department of Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Jackson Sapuleni
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 7610001, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Lonice Bibi
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 7610001, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Gilgi Friedlander
- The Mantoux Bioinformatics institute of the Nancy and Stephen Grand Israel National Center for Personalized Medicine, Weizmann Institute of Science, Weizmann Institute of Science, 7610001, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Sai Kumar
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 7610001, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Roberto Sartori
- Department of Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Rina Meidan
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 7610001, Rehovot, Israel.
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16
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Yan L, Qu X, Yu J, Robinson RS, Woad KJ, Shi Z. Transforming growth factor-β1 disrupts angiogenesis during the follicular-luteal transition through the Smad-serpin family E member 1 (SERPINE1)/serpin family B member 5 (SERPINB5) signalling pathway in the cow. Reprod Fertil Dev 2021; 33:643-654. [PMID: 38600656 DOI: 10.1071/rd20325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Intense angiogenesis is critical for the development of the corpus luteum and is tightly regulated by numerous factors. However, the exact role transforming growth factor-β1 (TGFB1) plays during this follicular-luteal transition remains unclear. This study hypothesised that TGFB1, acting through TGFB receptor 1 (TGFBR1) and Smad2/3 signalling, would suppress angiogenesis during the follicular-luteal transition. Using a serum-free luteinising follicular angiogenesis culture system, TGFB1 (1 and 10ngmL-1 ) markedly disrupted the formation of capillary-like structures, reducing the endothelial cell network area and the number of branch points (P <0.001 compared with control). Furthermore, TGFB1 activated canonical Smad signalling and inhibited endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS3 ) mRNA expression, but upregulated latent TGFB-binding protein and TGFBR1 , serpin family E member 1 (SERPINE1 ) and serpin family B member 5 (SERPINB5 ) mRNA expression. SB431542, a TGFBR1 inhibitor, reversed the TGFB1-induced upregulation of SERPINE1 and SERPINB5 . In addition, TGFB1 reduced progesterone synthesis by decreasing the expression of steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (STAR ), cytochrome P450 family 11 subfamily A member 1 (CYP11A1 ) and 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSD3B1 ) expression. These results show that TGFB1 regulates NOS3 , SERPINE1 and SERPINB5 expression via TGFBR1 and Smad2/3 signalling and this could be the mechanism by which TGFB1 suppresses endothelial networks. Thereby, TGFB1 may provide critical homeostatic control of angiogenesis during the follicular-luteal transition. The findings of this study reveal the molecular mechanisms underlying the actions of TGFB1 in early luteinisation, which may lead to novel therapeutic strategies to reverse luteal inadequacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leyan Yan
- Laboratory of Animal Improvement and Reproduction, Institute of Animal Science, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Xiaolu Qu
- Laboratory of Animal Improvement and Reproduction, Institute of Animal Science, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Jianning Yu
- Laboratory of Animal Improvement and Reproduction, Institute of Animal Science, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Robert S Robinson
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Kathryn J Woad
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Zhendan Shi
- Laboratory of Animal Improvement and Reproduction, Institute of Animal Science, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; and Corresponding author
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17
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Lu Q, Sun D, Shivhare SB, Hou H, Bulmer JN, Innes BA, Hapangama DK, Lash GE. Transforming Growth Factor (TGF) β and Endometrial Vascular Maturation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:640065. [PMID: 33898426 PMCID: PMC8063037 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.640065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Appropriate growth and development of the endometrium across the menstrual cycle is key for a woman’s quality of life and reproductive well-being. Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) and heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) affect a significant proportion of the female population worldwide. These endometrial pathologies have a significant impact on a woman’s quality of life as well as placing a high economic burden on a country’s health service. An underlying cause for both conditions is unknown in approximately 50% of cases. Previous research has demonstrated that aberrant endometrial vascular maturation is associated with both RPL and HMB, where it is increased in RPL but reduced in HMB. TGFβ1 is one of the key growth factors that regulate vascular maturation, by inducing phenotypic switching of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) from a synthetic phenotype to a more contractile one. Our previous data demonstrated an increase in TGFβ1 in the endometrium of RPL, while others have shown a decrease in women with HMB. However, TGFβ1 bioavailability is tightly controlled, and we therefore sought to perform an extensive immunohistochemical analysis of different components in the pathway in the endometrium of normal controls, women with HMB or RPL. In addition, two in vitro models were used to examine the role of TGFβ1 in endometrial vascular maturation and endothelial cell (EC):VSMC association. Taken all together, the immunohistochemical data suggest a decrease in bioavailability, receptor binding capacity, and signaling in the endometrium of women with HMB compared with controls. In contrast, there is an increase in the bioavailability of active TGFβ1 in the endometrium of women with RPL compared with controls. Endometrial explants cultured in TGFβ1 had an increase in the number of vessels associated with contractile VSMC markers, although the total number of vessels did not increase. In addition, TGFβ1 increased EC:VSMC association in an in vitro model. In conclusion, TGFβ1 is a key regulator of endometrial vascular maturation and could be considered as a therapeutic target for women suffering from HMB and/or RPL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinsheng Lu
- Division of Uterine Vascular Biology, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dingqian Sun
- Division of Uterine Vascular Biology, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sourima Biswas Shivhare
- Reproductive and Vascular Biology Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Huomei Hou
- Division of Uterine Vascular Biology, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Judith N Bulmer
- Reproductive and Vascular Biology Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Barbara A Innes
- Reproductive and Vascular Biology Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Dharani K Hapangama
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool Women's Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Gendie E Lash
- Division of Uterine Vascular Biology, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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18
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Punetha M, Kumar S, Paul A, Jose B, Bharati J, Sonwane A, Green JA, Whitworth K, Sarkar M. Deciphering the functional role of EGR1 in Prostaglandin F2 alpha induced luteal regression applying CRISPR in corpus luteum of buffalo. Biol Res 2021; 54:9. [PMID: 33712084 PMCID: PMC7953609 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-021-00333-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background PGF2α is essential for the induction of the corpus luteum regression which in turn reduces progesterone production. Early growth response (EGR) proteins are Cys2-His2-type zinc-finger transcription factor that are strongly linked to cellular proliferation, survival and apoptosis. Rapid elevation of EGR1 was observed after luteolytic dose of PGF2α. EGR1 is involved in the transactivation of many genes, including TGFβ1, which plays an important role during luteal regression. Methods The current study was conducted in buffalo luteal cells with the aim to better understand the role of EGR1 in transactivation of TGFβ1 during PGF2α induced luteal regression. Luteal cells from mid stage corpus luteum of buffalo were cultured and treated with different doses of PGF2α for different time durations. Relative expression of mRNAs encoding for enzymes within the progesterone biosynthetic pathway (3βHSD, CYP11A1 and StAR); Caspase 3; AKT were analyzed to confirm the occurrence of luteolytic event. To determine if EGR1 is involved in the PGF2α induced luteal regression via induction of TGFβ1 expression, we knocked out the EGR1 gene by using CRISPR/Cas9. Result The present experiment determined whether EGR1 protein expression in luteal cells was responsive to PGF2α treatment. Quantification of EGR1 and TGFβ1 mRNA showed significant up regulation in luteal cells of buffalo at 12 h post PGF2α induction. In order to validate the role of PGF2α on stimulating the expression of TGFβ1 by an EGR1 dependent mechanism we knocked out EGR1. The EGR1 ablated luteal cells were stimulated with PGF2α and it was observed that EGR1 KO did not modulate the PGF2α induced expression of TGFβ1. In PGF2α treated EGR1 KO luteal cell, the mRNA expression of Caspase 3 was significantly increased compared to PGF2α treated wild type luteal cells maintained for 12 h. We also studied the influence of EGR1 on steroidogenesis. The EGR1 KO luteal cells with PGF2α treatment showed no substantial difference either in the progesterone concentration or in StAR mRNA expression with PGF2α-treated wild type luteal cells. Conclusion These results suggest that EGR1 signaling is not the only factor which plays a role in the regulation of PGF2α induced TGFβ1 signaling for luteolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meeti Punetha
- Physiology & Climatology Division, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India.
| | - Sai Kumar
- Physiology & Climatology Division, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
| | - Avishek Paul
- Physiology & Climatology Division, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
| | - Bosco Jose
- Physiology & Climatology Division, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
| | - Jaya Bharati
- Animal Physiology, ICAR-National Research Centre on Pig, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Arvind Sonwane
- Division of Animal Genetics, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
| | - Jonathan A Green
- Division of Animal Science, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Kristin Whitworth
- Division of Animal Science, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Mihir Sarkar
- Physiology & Climatology Division, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
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19
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Transcriptome profiling of different developmental stages of corpus luteum during the estrous cycle in pigs. Genomics 2020; 113:366-379. [PMID: 33309770 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2020.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
To better understand the molecular basis of corpus luteum (CL) development and function RNA-Seq was utilized to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in porcine CL during different physiological stages of the estrous cycle viz. early (EL), mid (ML), late (LL) and regressed (R) luteal. Stage wise comparisons obtained 717 (EL vs. ML), 568 (EL vs. LL), 527 (EL vs. R), 786 (ML vs. LL), 474 (ML vs. R) and 534 (LL vs. R) DEGs with log2(FC) ≥1 and p < 0.05. The process of angiogenesis, steroidogenesis, signal transduction, translation, cell proliferation and tissue remodelling were significantly (p < 0.05) enriched in EL, ML and LL stages, where as apoptosis was most active in regressed stage. Pathway analysis revealed that most annotated genes were associated with lipid metabolism, translation, immune and endocrine system pathways depicting intra-luteal control of diverse CL function. The network analysis identified genes AR, FOS, CDKN1A, which were likely the novel hub genes regulating CL physiology.
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20
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Gao P, Tian Y, Xie Q, Zhang L, Yan Y, Xu D. Manganese exposure induces permeability in renal glomerular endothelial cells via the Smad2/3-Snail-VE-cadherin axis. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2020; 9:683-692. [PMID: 33178429 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfaa067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) is an essential micronutrient. However, it is well established that Mn overexposure causes nervous system diseases. In contrast, there are few reports on the effects of Mn exposure on glomerular endothelium. In the present study, the potential effects of Mn exposure on glomerular endothelium were evaluated. Sprague Dawley rats were used as a model of Mn overexposure by intraperitoneal injection of MnCl2·H2O at 25 mg/kg body weight. Mn exposure decreased expression of vascular endothelial-cadherin, a key component of adherens junctions, and increased exudate from glomeruli in Sprague Dawley rats. Human renal glomerular endothelial cells were cultured with different concentration of Mn. Exposure to 0.2 mM Mn increased permeability of human renal glomerular endothelial cell monolayers and decreased vascular endothelial-cadherin expression without inducing cytotoxicity. In addition, Mn exposure increased phosphorylation of mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2/3 and upregulated expression of zinc finger protein SNAI1, a negative transcriptional regulator of vascular endothelial-cadherin. Our data suggest Mn exposure may contribute to development of glomerular diseases by inducing permeability of glomerular endothelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Gao
- Laboratory of Microvascular Medicine, Medical Research Center, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, 16766 Jingshi Road, Jinan 250014, Shandong, China
| | - Yutian Tian
- Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 18877 Jingshi Road, Jinan 250062, Shandong, China
| | - Qi Xie
- Laboratory of Microvascular Medicine, Medical Research Center, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, 16766 Jingshi Road, Jinan 250014, Shandong, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, 88 East Wenhua Road, Jinan 250014, Shandong, China
| | - Yongjian Yan
- Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 18877 Jingshi Road, Jinan 250062, Shandong, China
| | - Dongmei Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, 16766 Jingshi Road, Jinan 250014, Shandong, China
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21
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Li H, Chang HM, Shi Z, Leung PCK. The p38 signaling pathway mediates the TGF-β1-induced increase in type I collagen deposition in human granulosa cells. FASEB J 2020; 34:15591-15604. [PMID: 32996643 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202001377r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Type I collagen, which is mainly composed of collagen type I alpha 1 chain (COL1A1), is the most abundant extracellular matrix (ECM) protein in the mammalian ovary; and the cyclical remodeling of the ECM plays an essential role in the regulation of corpus luteum formation. Our previous studies have demonstrated that TGF-β1 is a potent inhibitor of luteinization in human granulosa-lutein (hGL) cells. Whether TGF-β1 can regulate the expression of COL1A1 during the luteal phase remains to be elucidated. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of TGF-β1 on the regulation of COL1A1 expression and the underlying molecular mechanisms using an immortalized hGL cell line (SVOG cells) and primary hGL cells (obtained from 20 consenting patients undergoing IVF treatment). The results showed that TGF-β1 significantly upregulated the expression of COL1A1. Using inhibition approaches, including pharmacological inhibition (a specific p38 inhibitor, SB203580, and a specific ERK1/2 inhibitor, U0126) and specific siRNA-mediated knockdown inhibition, we demonstrated that TGF-β1 promoted the expression and production of COL1A1 in hGL cells, most likely via the ALK5-mediated p38 signaling pathway. Our findings provide insights into the molecular mechanisms by which TGF-β1 promotes the deposition of type I collagen during the late follicular phase in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Reproduction, Institute of Animal Science, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Hsun-Ming Chang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Zhendan Shi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Reproduction, Institute of Animal Science, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Peter C K Leung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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22
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Hughes CK, Maalouf SW, Liu WS, Pate JL. Molecular profiling demonstrates modulation of immune cell function and matrix remodeling during luteal rescue†. Biol Reprod 2020; 100:1581-1596. [PMID: 30915454 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioz037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The corpus luteum (CL) is essential for maintenance of pregnancy in all mammals and luteal rescue, which occurs around day 16-19 in the cow, is necessary to maintain luteal progesterone production. Transcriptomic and proteomic profiling were performed to compare the day 17 bovine CL of the estrous cycle and pregnancy. Among mRNA and proteins measured, 140 differentially abundant mRNA and 24 differentially abundant proteins were identified. Pathway analysis was performed using four programs. Modulated pathways included T cell receptor signaling, vascular stability, cytokine signaling, and extracellular matrix remodeling. Two mRNA that were less in pregnancy were regulated by prostaglandin F2A in culture, while two mRNA that were greater in pregnancy were regulated by interferon tau. To identify mRNA that could be critical regulators of luteal fate, the mRNA that were differentially abundant during early pregnancy were compared to mRNA that were differentially abundant during luteal regression. Eight mRNA were common to both datasets, including mRNA related to regulation of steroidogenesis and gene transcription. A subset of differentially abundant mRNA and proteins, including those associated with extracellular matrix functions, were predicted targets of differentially abundant microRNA (miRNA). Integration of miRNA and protein data, using miRPath, revealed pathways such as extracellular matrix-receptor interactions, abundance of glutathione, and cellular metabolism and energy balance. Overall, this study has provided a comprehensive profile of molecular changes in the corpus luteum during maternal recognition of pregnancy and has indicated that some of these functions may be miRNA-regulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla K Hughes
- Department of Animal Science, Center for Reproductive Biology and Health, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Samar W Maalouf
- Department of Animal Science, Center for Reproductive Biology and Health, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Wan-Sheng Liu
- Department of Animal Science, Center for Reproductive Biology and Health, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Joy L Pate
- Department of Animal Science, Center for Reproductive Biology and Health, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
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23
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Haas CS, Rovani MT, Ilha GF, Bertolin K, Ferst JG, Bridi A, Bordignon V, Duggavathi R, Antoniazzi AQ, Gonçalves PBD, Gasperin BG. Transforming growth factor-beta family members are regulated during induced luteolysis in cattle. Anim Reprod 2019; 16:829-837. [PMID: 32368260 PMCID: PMC7189511 DOI: 10.21451/1984-3143-ar2018-0146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The transforming growth factors beta (TGFβ) are local factors produced by ovarian cells which, after binding to their receptors, regulate follicular deviation and ovulation. However, their regulation and function during corpus luteum (CL) regression has been poorly investigated. The present study evaluated the mRNA regulation of some TGFβ family ligands and their receptors in the bovine CL during induced luteolysis in vivo. On day 10 of the estrous cycle, cows received an injection of prostaglandin F2α (PGF) and luteal samples were obtained from separate groups of cows (n= 4-5 cows per time-point) at 0, 2, 12, 24 or 48 h after treatment. Since TGF beta family comprises more than 30 ligands, we focused in some candidates genes such as activin receptors (ACVR-1A, -1B, -2A, -2B) AMH, AMHR2, BMPs (BMP-1, -2, -3, -4, -6 and -7), BMP receptors (BMPR-1A, -1B and -2), inhibin subunits (INH-A, -BA, -BB) and betaglycan (TGFBR3). The mRNA levels of BMP4, BMP6 and INHBA were higher at 2 h after PGF administration (P<0.05) in comparison to 0 h. The relative mRNA abundance of BMP1, BMP2, BMP3, BMP4, BMP6, ACVR1B, INHBA and INHBB was upregulated up to 12 h post PGF (P<0.05). On the other hand, TGFBR3 mRNA that codes for a reservoir of ligands that bind to TGF-beta receptors, was lower at 48 h. In conclusion, findings from this study demonstrated that genes encoding several TGFβ family members are expressed in a time-specific manner after PGF administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Sangoi Haas
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Departamento de Patologia Animal, Capão do Leão, RS, Brasil
| | - Monique Tomazele Rovani
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Departamento de Patologia Animal, Capão do Leão, RS, Brasil
| | - Gustavo Freitas Ilha
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Laboratório de Biotecnologia e Reprodução Animal, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil
| | - Kalyne Bertolin
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Laboratório de Biotecnologia e Reprodução Animal, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil
| | - Juliana Germano Ferst
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Laboratório de Biotecnologia e Reprodução Animal, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil
| | - Alessandra Bridi
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Laboratório de Biotecnologia e Reprodução Animal, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil
| | - Vilceu Bordignon
- McGill University, Department of Animal Science, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada
| | - Raj Duggavathi
- McGill University, Department of Animal Science, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada
| | - Alfredo Quites Antoniazzi
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Laboratório de Biotecnologia e Reprodução Animal, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil
| | - Paulo Bayard Dias Gonçalves
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Laboratório de Biotecnologia e Reprodução Animal, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil
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24
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Nowak M, Rehrauer H, Ay SS, Findik M, Boos A, Kautz E, Kowalewski MP. Gene expression profiling of the canine placenta during normal and antigestagen-induced luteolysis. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2019; 282:113194. [PMID: 31145892 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2019.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The domestic dog is the only domestic animal species that does not produce steroids in the placenta and instead relies on luteal steroids throughout pregnancy. Nevertheless, the canine placenta is highly responsive to steroids, and withdrawal of progesterone (P4) affects the feto-maternal unit, initializing the parturition cascade. Similar effects can be observed during antigestagen-induced abortion. Here, aiming to provide new insights into mechanisms involved in the termination of canine pregnancy, next generation sequencing (NGS, RNA-seq) was applied. Placental transcriptomes derived from natural prepartum and antigestagen-induced abortions were analyzed and compared with fully developed mid-gestation placentas. The contrast "prepartum luteolysis over mid-gestation" revealed 1973 differentially expressed genes (DEG). Terms associated with apoptosis, impairment of vascular function and activation of signaling of several cytokines (e.g., IL-8, IL-3, TGF-β) were overrepresented at natural luteolysis. When compared with mid-term, antigestagen treatment revealed 135 highly regulated DEG that were involved in the induced luteolysis and showed similar associations with functional terms and expression patterns as during natural luteolysis. The contrast "antigestagen-induced luteolysis over prepartum luteolysis" revealed that, although similar changes occur in both conditions, they are more pronounced during natural prepartum. Among P4-regulated DEG were those related to immune system and cortisol metabolism. It appears that, besides inducing placental PGF2α output, both natural and induced P4 withdrawal is associated with disruption of the feto-maternal interface, leading to impaired vascular functions, apoptosis and controlled modulation of the immune response. The time-related maturation of the feto-maternal interface needs to be considered because it may be clinically relevant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Nowak
- Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich (UZH), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Hubert Rehrauer
- Functional Genomics Center Zurich (FGCZ), ETH Zurich/University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Serhan S Ay
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ondokuz Mayis, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Murat Findik
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ondokuz Mayis, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Alois Boos
- Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich (UZH), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ewa Kautz
- Department of Large Animal Diseases with Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mariusz P Kowalewski
- Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich (UZH), Zurich, Switzerland.
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25
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Lee SH, Jung BD, Lee S. Effect of Prostaglandin F2 Alpha on E-cadherin, N-cadherin and Cell Adhesion in Ovarian Luteal Theca Cells. KOREAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL LABORATORY SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.15324/kjcls.2019.51.3.360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Hee Lee
- Discipline of ICT, School of Technology, Environments and Design, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Bae Dong Jung
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Seunghyung Lee
- College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
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26
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Mohammed BT, Esteves CL, Donadeu FX. Analyses of bovine luteal fractions obtained by FACS reveals enrichment of miR-183-96-182 cluster miRNAs in endothelial cells. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2019; 17:41. [PMID: 31060561 PMCID: PMC6503368 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-019-0484-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Our previous studies showed that the miRNA clusters, miR-183-96-182 and miR-212-132, may be critical in promoting luteal cell survival and progesterone production in both bovine and humans. To further understand their involvement in luteal development, this study aimed to establish the expression of these miRNAs in different bovine luteal cell types, namely, endothelial and steroidogenic, isolated using fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). We isolated each of the two cell populations based on the presence of the endothelia surface marker, CD144, and uptake of the lipophilic dye, Nile Red, respectively. Using quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR) in the sorted cell fractions we confirmed that CD144 and the endothelia-specific miRNA, miR-126, were predominantly expressed in endothelial cells (CD144+), whereas HSD3B1 was expressed predominantly in steroidogenic cells (Nile RedHI). Finally, we found that whereas the miR-212-132 cluster was expressed at similar levels in luteal endothelial and steroidogenic cells, miR-183-96-182 was expressed at > 4-fold higher levels in endothelial than in steroidogenic cells (P < 0.05), suggesting that these two miRNA clusters, and particularly miR-183-96-182, may be important in functionally regulating not only steroidogenic cells but also endothelial cells in the corpus luteum (CL).
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Affiliation(s)
- Bushra T. Mohammed
- 0000 0004 1936 7988grid.4305.2The Roslin Institute and R(D)SVS, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian, UK
- 0000 0001 1895 1777grid.413095.aCollege of Veterinary Medicine, University of Duhok, Duhok, Kurdistan Region Iraq
| | - Cristina L. Esteves
- 0000 0004 1936 7988grid.4305.2The Roslin Institute and R(D)SVS, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian, UK
| | - F. Xavier Donadeu
- 0000 0004 1936 7988grid.4305.2The Roslin Institute and R(D)SVS, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian, UK
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27
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Paul A, Punetha M, Kumar S, Sonwane A, Chouhan VS, Singh G, Maurya VP, Sarkar M. Regulation of steroidogenic function of luteal cells by thrombospondin and insulin in water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis). Reprod Fertil Dev 2019; 31:751-759. [DOI: 10.1071/rd18188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study examined the effect of exogenous thrombospondin 1 (TSP1) on the steroidogenic function of luteal cells cultured invitro. Furthermore, the transcriptional interaction of insulin with TSP1 and its receptor, cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36) were also investigated. At the highest dose (500ngmL−1) TSP1 significantly downregulated the expression of the angiogenic marker von Willebrand factor (vWF) and progesterone production in cultured luteal cells. Moreover, the simultaneous upregulation in the expression of caspase 3 by exogenous TSP1 was consistent with a reduction in the number of viable luteal cells as determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltertrazolium bromide (MTT) assay after 72h of culture. However, the expression of critical enzymes in the progesterone synthetic pathway was not significantly modulated by treatment with TSP1 in cultured luteal cells. Knocking out of endogenous TSP1 with the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/ CRISPRassociated protein9 (Cas9) system improved the viability of luteal cells as well as increasing progesterone production and decreasing caspase 3 activation. Insulin treatment suppressed the expression of TSP1 and CD36 in cultured luteal cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. To conclude, TSP1 acts as a negative endogenous regulator of angiogenesis that attenuates progesterone production, possibly by reducing the number of luteal cells via apoptosis during luteal regression, whereas insulin as a luteinising signal may have inhibited the thrombospondin system for the efficient development of luteal function.
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28
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Tavares Pereira M, Graubner FR, Rehrauer H, Janowski T, Hoffmann B, Boos A, Kowalewski MP. Global Transcriptomic Analysis of the Canine corpus luteum (CL) During the First Half of Diestrus and Changes Induced by in vivo Inhibition of Prostaglandin Synthase 2 (PTGS2/COX2). Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:715. [PMID: 31798528 PMCID: PMC6863809 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The canine luteal phase exhibits several peculiarities compared with other species. In early diestrus, the corpus luteum (CL) is, at least in part, independent of gonadotropins, and prostaglandins (PGs) appear to be among its main regulators. This was also observed with the inhibition in vivo of COX2, when also transcriptional capacity, vascularization and immune-related factors were affected. Here, we aimed to further investigate the potential effects of PGs withdrawal on the CL transcriptome by performing deep RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq). Samples from a previous in vivo study were used; bitches were treated for 5, 10, 20, or 30 days after ovulation with firocoxib (Previcox®), a PTGS2/COX2 inhibitor, or a placebo. Analysis of results was performed with SUSHI (framework from FGCZ) and with pathways and functional networks analyzers. Time-dependent effects were also investigated and used for quality control. More highly represented differentially expressed genes (DEGs, P < 0.01, FDR < 0.1) in the early CL (days 5 and 10) referred to proliferation and immune system, while in the mature CL (days 20 and 30) they were related with steroidogenesis. The absence of genes concomitantly affected by the treatment at all time-points suggested stage-dependency in the observed effects. Little effect was observed on days 5 and 10. Day 20 had the highest number of DEGs (n = 1,741), related with increased immune response. On day 30, DEGs found (n = 552) referred to decreased steroidogenesis and vascularization. Our results suggest the presence of strong compensatory effects in the early CL and multidirectional effects toward gonadotropin-dependency of the CL after COX2 inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Tavares Pereira
- Vetsuisse Faculty, Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Felix R. Graubner
- Vetsuisse Faculty, Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Hubert Rehrauer
- Functional Genomics Center Zurich (FGCZ) ETH/UZH, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Tomasz Janowski
- Department of Animal Reproduction, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Bernd Hoffmann
- Clinic for Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Andrology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Alois Boos
- Vetsuisse Faculty, Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mariusz P. Kowalewski
- Vetsuisse Faculty, Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- *Correspondence: Mariusz P. Kowalewski ;
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29
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Walewska E, Wołodko K, Skarzynski D, Ferreira-Dias G, Galvão A. The Interaction Between Nodal, Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1 Alpha, and Thrombospondin 1 Promotes Luteolysis in Equine Corpus Luteum. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:667. [PMID: 31632347 PMCID: PMC6779822 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The regulation of corpus luteus (CL) luteolysis is a complex process involving a myriad of factors. Previously, we have shown the involvement of Nodal in functional luteolysis in mares. Presently, we ask the extent of which Nodal mediation of luteolysis is done through regulation of angioregression. We demonstrated the interaction between Nodal and hypoxia-inducible factor 1 α (HIF1α) and thrombospondin 1/thrombospondin receptor (TSP1/CD36) systems, could mediate angioregression during luteolysis. First, we demonstrated the inhibitory effect of Nodal on the vascular marker platelet/endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1 (CD31). Also, treatment of mid CL explants with vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) showed a trend on activin-like kinase 7 (Alk7) protein inhibition. Next, Nodal was also shown to activate HIF1α and in vitro culture of mid CL explants under decreased oxygen level promoted Nodal expression and SMAD family member 3 (Smad3) phosphorylation. In another experiment, the crosstalk between Nodal and TSP1/CD36 was investigated. Indeed, Nodal increased the expression of the anti-angiogenic TSP1 and its receptor CD36 in mid CL explants. Finally, the supportive effect of prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) on TSP1/CD36 was blocked by SB431542 (SB), a pharmacological inhibitor of Nodal signaling. Thus, we evidenced for the first time the in vitro interaction between Nodal and both HIF1α and TSP1 systems, two conserved pathways previously shown to be involved in vascular regression during luteolysis. Considering the given increased expression of Nodal in mid CL and its role on functional luteolysis, the current results suggest the additional involvement of Nodal in angioregression during luteolysis in the mare, particularly in the activation of HIF1α and TSP1/CD36.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edyta Walewska
- Department of Reproductive Immunology and Pathology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Karolina Wołodko
- Department of Reproductive Immunology and Pathology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Dariusz Skarzynski
- Department of Reproductive Immunology and Pathology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Graça Ferreira-Dias
- The Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - António Galvão
- Department of Reproductive Immunology and Pathology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
- *Correspondence: António Galvão
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30
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TGFB1 modulates in vitro secretory activity and viability of equine luteal cells. Cytokine 2018; 110:316-327. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2018.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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31
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Galvão AM, Skarzynski D, Ferreira-Dias G. Luteolysis and the Auto-, Paracrine Role of Cytokines From Tumor Necrosis Factor α and Transforming Growth Factor β Superfamilies. VITAMINS AND HORMONES 2018; 107:287-315. [PMID: 29544635 DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2018.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Successful pregnancy establishment demands optimal luteal function in mammals. Nonetheless, regression of the corpus luteum (CL) is absolutely necessary for normal female cyclicity. This dichotomy relies on intricate molecular signals and rapidly activated biological responses, such as angiogenesis, extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, or programmed cell death. The CL establishment and growth after ovulation depend not only on the luteinizing hormone-mediated endocrine signal but also on a number of auto-, paracrine interactions promoted by cytokines and growth factors like fibroblast growth factor 2, vascular endothelial growth factor A, and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF), which coordinate vascularigenesis and ECM reorganization as well as steroidogenesis. With the organ fully developed, the release of the uterine prostaglandin F2α activates luteolysis, an intricate process supported by intraluteal interactions that ensure the loss of steroidogenic function (functional luteolysis) and the involution of the organ (structural luteolysis). This chapter provides an overview of the local action of cytokines during luteal function, with particular emphasis on the role of TNF and transforming growth factor β superfamilies during luteolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- António M Galvão
- C.I.I.S.A., Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal; Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of PAS, Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Dariusz Skarzynski
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of PAS, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Graça Ferreira-Dias
- C.I.I.S.A., Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
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32
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Farberov S, Meidan R. Fibroblast growth factor-2 and transforming growth factor-beta1 oppositely regulate miR-221 that targets thrombospondin-1 in bovine luteal endothelial cells. Biol Reprod 2017; 98:366-375. [DOI: 10.1093/biolre/iox167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Farberov
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Rina Meidan
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
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33
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Li L, Chen X, Dong F, Liu Q, Zhang C, Xu D, Allen TD, Liu J. Dihydroartemisinin up-regulates VE-cadherin expression in human renal glomerular endothelial cells. J Cell Mol Med 2017; 22:2028-2032. [PMID: 29193726 PMCID: PMC5824371 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The antimalarial agent dihydroartemisinin (DHA) has been shown to be anti‐inflammatory. In this study, we found that DHA increased the expression of the junctional protein vascular endothelial (VE)‐cadherin in human renal glomerular endothelial cells. In addition, DHA inhibited TGF‐β RI‐Smad2/3 signalling and its downstream effectors SNAIL and SLUG, which repress VE‐cadherin gene transcription. Correspondingly, DHA decreased the binding of SNAIL and SLUG to the VE‐cadherin promoter. Together, our results suggest an effect of DHA in regulating glomerular permeability by elevation of VE‐cadherin expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqun Li
- Laboratory of Microvascular Medicine, Medical Research Center, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaocui Chen
- Laboratory of Microvascular Medicine, Medical Research Center, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Fengyun Dong
- Laboratory of Microvascular Medicine, Medical Research Center, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Laboratory of Microvascular Medicine, Medical Research Center, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Caiqing Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong, University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Dongmei Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | | | - Ju Liu
- Laboratory of Microvascular Medicine, Medical Research Center, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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34
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Howe GA, Kazda K, Addison CL. MicroRNA-30b controls endothelial cell capillary morphogenesis through regulation of transforming growth factor beta 2. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0185619. [PMID: 28977001 PMCID: PMC5627931 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0185619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The importance of microRNA (miRNA) to vascular biology is becoming increasingly evident; however, the function of a significant number of miRNA remains to be determined. In particular, the effect of growth factor regulation of miRNAs on endothelial cell morphogenesis is incomplete. Thus, we aimed to identify miRNAs regulated by pro-angiogenic vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and determine the effects of VEGF-regulated miRNAs and their targets on processes important for angiogenesis. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were thus stimulated with VEGF and miRNA levels assessed using microarrays. We found that VEGF altered expression of many miRNA, and for this study focused on one of the most significantly down-regulated miRNA in HUVECs following VEGF treatment, miR-30b. Using specific miRNA mimics, we found that overexpression of miR-30b inhibited capillary morphogenesis in vitro, while depletion of endogenous miR-30b resulted in increased capillary morphogenesis indicating the potential significance of down-regulation of miR-30b as a pro-angiogenic response to VEGF stimulation. MiR-30b overexpression in HUVEC regulated transforming growth factor beta 2 (TGFβ2) production, which led to increased phosphorylation of Smad2, indicating activation of an autocrine TGFβ signaling pathway. Up-regulation of TGFβ2 by miR-30b overexpression was found to be dependent on ATF2 activation, a transcription factor known to regulate TGFβ2 expression, as miR-30b overexpressing cells exhibited increased levels of phosphorylated ATF2 and depletion of ATF2 inhibited miR-30b-induced TGFβ2 expression. However, miR-30b effects on ATF2 were indirect and found to be via targeting of the known ATF2 repressor protein JDP2 whose mRNA levels were indirectly correlated with miR-30b levels. Increased secretion of TGFβ2 from HUVEC was shown to mediate the inhibitory effects of miR-30b on capillary morphogenesis as treatment with a neutralizing antibody to TGFβ2 restored capillary morphogenesis to normal levels in miR-30b overexpressing cells. These results support that the regulation of miR-30b by VEGF in HUVEC is important for capillary morphogenesis, as increased miR-30b expression inhibits capillary morphogenesis through enhanced expression of TGFβ2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grant A. Howe
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Kayla Kazda
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Christina L. Addison
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- * E-mail:
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Zatta S, Rehrauer H, Gram A, Boos A, Kowalewski MP. Transcriptome analysis reveals differences in mechanisms regulating cessation of luteal function in pregnant and non-pregnant dogs. BMC Genomics 2017; 18:757. [PMID: 28954628 PMCID: PMC5618722 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-017-4084-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In the domestic dog, corpora lutea (CL) are the only source of progesterone (P4), both in pregnant and non-pregnant cycles because there is no placental steroidogenesis. The absence of an endogenous luteolysin in absence of pregnancy results in long-lasting physiological pseudopregnancy, strongly contrasting with the acute luteolysis observed prepartum. The underlying biological mechanisms and the involvement of P4 signalling remain, however, not fully understood. Therefore, here, next-generation sequencing (RNA-Seq) was performed on CL from the late luteal phase and compared with normally luteolyzing CL collected at the prepartum P4 decrease. Results The contrast “luteal regression over luteolysis” yielded 1595 differentially expressed genes (DEG). The CL in late luteal regression were predominantly associated with functional terms linked to extracellular matrix (p = 5.52e-05). Other terms related to transcriptional activity (p = 2.45e-04), and steroid hormone signalling (p = 2.29e-04), which were more highly represented in late regression than during luteolysis. The prepartum luteolysis was associated with immune inflammatory responses (p = 2.87e-14), including acute-phase reaction (p = 4.10e-06). Immune system-related events were also more highly represented in CL derived from normal luteolysis (p = 7.02e-04), compared with those from dogs in which luteolysis was induced with an antigestagen (1480 DEG in total). Additionally, the withdrawal of P4 at mid-gestation resulted in 92 DEG; over-represented terms enriched in antigestagen-treated dogs were related to the inflammatory response (p = 0.005) or response to IL1 (p = 7.29e-05). Terms related to proliferation, e.g., centrosome organization (p = 0.002) and steroid metabolic processes (p = 0.001), prevailed at mid-gestation. Thereby, our results revealed the nature of luteotropic effects of P4 within canine CL. It appears that, even though they result in diminished steroidogenic output, the effect of antigestagens is more related to the withdrawal of P4 support than to the PGF2alpha-related inflammatory reaction observed at physiological parturition. Conclusions We report the differential gene expression associated with maintenance and cessation of luteal function in pregnant and non-pregnant dogs. Based on the differentially expressed genes, we indicate functional pathways and gene networks that are potentially involved in the underlying endocrine and molecular mechanisms. This study establishes future research directions that may be helpful in understanding some of the clinical conditions, such as luteal insufficiency, associated with negative pregnancy outcome in dogs. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-017-4084-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Zatta
- Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 260, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Hubert Rehrauer
- Functional Genomics Center Zurich, ETH Zurich/University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Aykut Gram
- Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 260, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alois Boos
- Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 260, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mariusz Pawel Kowalewski
- Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 260, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland.
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Talbott H, Hou X, Qiu F, Zhang P, Guda C, Yu F, Cushman RA, Wood JR, Wang C, Cupp AS, Davis JS. Early transcriptome responses of the bovine midcycle corpus luteum to prostaglandin F2α includes cytokine signaling. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2017; 452:93-109. [PMID: 28549990 PMCID: PMC7388008 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2017.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Revised: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In ruminants, prostaglandin F2alpha (PGF2α)-mediated luteolysis is essential prior to estrous cycle resumption, and is a target for improving fertility. To deduce early PGF2α-provoked changes in the corpus luteum a short time-course (0.5-4 h) was performed on cows at midcycle. A microarray-determined transcriptome was established and examined by bioinformatic pathway analysis. Classic PGF2α effects were evident by changes in early response genes (FOS, JUN, ATF3) and prediction of active pathways (PKC, MAPK). Several cytokine transcripts were elevated and NF-κB and STAT activation were predicted by pathway analysis. Self-organizing map analysis grouped differentially expressed transcripts into ten mRNA expression patterns indicative of temporal signaling cascades. Comparison with two analogous datasets revealed a conserved group of 124 transcripts similarly altered by PGF2α treatment, which both, directly and indirectly, indicated cytokine activation. Elevated levels of cytokine transcripts after PGF2α and predicted activation of cytokine pathways implicate inflammatory reactions early in PGF2α-mediated luteolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather Talbott
- Olson Center for Women's Health/Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 989450 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-9450, USA; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 985870 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5870, USA.
| | - Xiaoying Hou
- Olson Center for Women's Health/Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 989450 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-9450, USA.
| | - Fang Qiu
- Biostatistics Department, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 984375 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-4375, USA.
| | - Pan Zhang
- Olson Center for Women's Health/Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 989450 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-9450, USA.
| | - Chittibabu Guda
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Anatomy, Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Core, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 985805 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5805, USA.
| | - Fang Yu
- Biostatistics Department, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 984375 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-4375, USA.
| | - Robert A Cushman
- Nutrition and Environmental Management Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture, P.O. Box 166 (State Spur 18D)/USDA-ARS-PA-USMARC, Clay Center, NE 68933, USA.
| | - Jennifer R Wood
- Animal Science Department, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, P.O. Box 830908, C203 ANSC, Lincoln, NE 68583-0908, USA.
| | - Cheng Wang
- Olson Center for Women's Health/Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 989450 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-9450, USA.
| | - Andrea S Cupp
- Animal Science Department, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, P.O. Box 830908, C203 ANSC, Lincoln, NE 68583-0908, USA.
| | - John S Davis
- Olson Center for Women's Health/Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 989450 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-9450, USA; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 985870 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5870, USA; Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 4101 Woolworth Ave, Omaha, NE 68105, USA.
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Gadsby JE, Tyson Nipper AM, Faircloth HA, D'Annibale-Tolhurst M, Chang J, Farin PW, Sheldon IM, Poole DH. Toll-like receptor and related cytokine mRNA expression in bovine corpora lutea during the oestrous cycle and pregnancy. Reprod Domest Anim 2017; 52:495-504. [DOI: 10.1111/rda.12940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- JE Gadsby
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences; College of Veterinary Medicine; North Carolina State University; Raleigh NC USA
| | - AM Tyson Nipper
- Department of Animal Science; North Carolina State University; Raleigh NC USA
| | - HA Faircloth
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences; College of Veterinary Medicine; North Carolina State University; Raleigh NC USA
| | - M D'Annibale-Tolhurst
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences; College of Veterinary Medicine; North Carolina State University; Raleigh NC USA
| | - J Chang
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences; College of Veterinary Medicine; North Carolina State University; Raleigh NC USA
| | - PW Farin
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology and Center for Comparative Medicine and Translational Research; College of Veterinary Medicine; North Carolina State University; Raleigh NC USA
| | - IM Sheldon
- Institute of Life Science; College of Medicine; Swansea University; Swansea UK
| | - DH Poole
- Department of Animal Science; North Carolina State University; Raleigh NC USA
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Li Y, Zhu H, Wei X, Li H, Yu Z, Zhang H, Liu W. LPS induces HUVEC angiogenesis in vitro through miR-146a-mediated TGF-β1 inhibition. Am J Transl Res 2017; 9:591-600. [PMID: 28337286 PMCID: PMC5340693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is an essential process for tissue growth and embryo development. However, inflammation, abnormal wound healing, vascular diseases, and tumor development and progression can result from inappropriate angiogenesis. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) can activate various cells and alter endothelium function and angiogenesis. This study investigated the underlying molecular events involved in LPS-induced angiogenesis and revealed a novel strategy for controlling abnormal angiogenesis. LPS treatment promoted wound healing and tube formation in human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) cultures and induced their expression of miR-146a. miR-146a was previously shown to regulate angiogenesis in HUVECs. Knockdown of miR-146a expression antagonized LPS-induced angiogenesis in vitro. Moreover, bioinformatic analyses predicted TGF-β1 as a target gene for miR-146a, which was confirmed by aluciferase reporter assay. Expression of miR-146a in HUVECs resulted in downregulation of TGF-β1 in HUVECs, whereas a miR-146a inhibitor upregulated the expression of TGF-β1 and TGF-β1 downstream proteins, such as phosphoraylation-Smad2 and plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1). Furthermore, the TGF-β1 signaling inhibitor SB431542 impaired the ability of miR-146a knockdown to suppress LPS-induced angiogenesis. Thus, LPS-induced angiogenesis of HUVECs functions through miR-146a upregulation and TGF-β1 inhibition. This study suggests that knockdown of miR-146a could activate TGF-β1 signaling to inhibit angiogenesis as a potential therapy for angiogenesis-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yize Li
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Huayu Zhu
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xu Wei
- The Cadet Brigade, Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi’an 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Heng Li
- The Cadet Brigade, Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi’an 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhicao Yu
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hongmei Zhang
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wenchao Liu
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi’an, Shaanxi, China
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Sun Z, Schriewer J, Tang M, Marlin J, Taylor F, Shohet RV, Konorev EA. The TGF-β pathway mediates doxorubicin effects on cardiac endothelial cells. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2015; 90:129-38. [PMID: 26686989 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2015.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Revised: 12/05/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Elevated ALK4/5 ligands including TGF-β and activins have been linked to cardiovascular remodeling and heart failure. Doxorubicin (Dox) is commonly used as a model of cardiomyopathy, a condition that often precedes cardiovascular remodeling and heart failure. In 7-8-week-old C57Bl/6 male mice treated with Dox we found decreased capillary density, increased levels of ALK4/5 ligand and Smad2/3 transcripts, and increased expression of Smad2/3 transcriptional targets. Human cardiac microvascular endothelial cells (HCMVEC) treated with Dox also showed increased levels of ALK4/5 ligands, Smad2/3 transcriptional targets, a decrease in proliferation and suppression of vascular network formation in a HCMVEC and human cardiac fibroblasts co-culture assay. Our hypothesis is that the deleterious effects of Dox on endothelial cells are mediated in part by the activation of the TGF-β pathway. We used the inhibitor of ALK4/5 kinases SB431542 (SB) in concert with Dox to ascertain the role of TGF-β pathway activation in doxorubicin induced endothelial cell defects. SB prevented the suppression of HCMVEC proliferation in the presence of TGF-β2 and activin A, and alleviated the inhibition of HCMVEC proliferation by Dox. SB also prevented the suppression of vascular network formation in co-cultures of HCMVEC and human cardiac fibroblasts treated with Dox. Our results show that the inhibition of the TGF-β pathway alleviates the detrimental effects of Dox on endothelial cells in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuyue Sun
- College of Pharmacy, University of Hawaii-Hilo, USA
| | | | - Mingxin Tang
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii-Manoa, USA
| | - Jerry Marlin
- Division of Basic Sciences, Kansas City University, USA
| | | | - Ralph V Shohet
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii-Manoa, USA
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Farberov S, Meidan R. Thrombospondin-1 Affects Bovine Luteal Function via Transforming Growth Factor-Beta1-Dependent and Independent Actions. Biol Reprod 2015; 94:25. [PMID: 26658711 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.115.135822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Thrombospondin-1 (THBS1) and transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGFB1) are specifically up-regulated by prostaglandin F2alpha in mature corpus luteum (CL). This study examined the relationship between the expression of THBS1 and TGFB1 and the underlying mechanisms of their actions in luteal endothelial cells (ECs). TGFB1 stimulated SMAD2 phosphorylation and SERPINE1 levels in dose- and time-dependent manners in luteal EC. THBS1 also elevated SERPINE1; this effect was abolished by TGFB1 receptor-1 kinase inhibitor (SB431542). The findings here further imply that THBS1 activates TGFB1 in luteal ECs: THBS1 increased the effects of latent TGFB1 on phosphorylated SMAD (phospho-SMAD) 2 and SERPINE1. THBS1 silencing significantly decreased SERPINE1 and levels of phospho-SMAD2. Lastly, THBS1 actions on SERPINE1 were inhibited by LSKL peptide (TGFB1 activation inhibitor); LSKL also counteracted latent TGFB1-induced phospho-SMAD2. We found that TGFB1 up-regulated its own mRNA levels and those of THBS1. Both compounds generated apoptosis, but THBS1 was significantly more effective (2.5-fold). Notably, this effect of THBS1 was not mediated by TGFB1. THBS1 and TGFB1 also differed in their activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase. Whereas TGFB1 rapidly induced phospho-p38, THBS1 had a delayed effect. Inhibition of p38 pathway by SB203580 did not modulate TGFB1 effect on cell viability, but it amplified THBS1 actions. THBS1-stimulated caspase-3 activation coincided with p38 phosphorylation, suggesting that caspase-induced DNA damage initiated p38 phosphorylation. The in vitro data suggest that a feed-forward loop exists between THBS1, TGFB1, and SERPINE1. Indeed all these three genes were similarly induced in the regressing CL. Their gene products can promote vascular instability, apoptosis, and matrix remodeling during luteolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Farberov
- Department of Animal Sciences, the Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Rina Meidan
- Department of Animal Sciences, the Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
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Yu F, Chen MH, Kuo L, Talbott H, Davis JS. Confident difference criterion: a new Bayesian differentially expressed gene selection algorithm with applications. BMC Bioinformatics 2015; 16:245. [PMID: 26250443 PMCID: PMC4527130 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-015-0664-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2014] [Accepted: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recently, the Bayesian method becomes more popular for analyzing high dimensional gene expression data as it allows us to borrow information across different genes and provides powerful estimators for evaluating gene expression levels. It is crucial to develop a simple but efficient gene selection algorithm for detecting differentially expressed (DE) genes based on the Bayesian estimators. Results In this paper, by extending the two-criterion idea of Chen et al. (Chen M-H, Ibrahim JG, Chi Y-Y. A new class of mixture models for differential gene expression in DNA microarray data. J Stat Plan Inference. 2008;138:387–404), we propose two new gene selection algorithms for general Bayesian models and name these new methods as the confident difference criterion methods. One is based on the standardized differences between two mean expression values among genes; the other adds the differences between two variances to it. The proposed confident difference criterion methods first evaluate the posterior probability of a gene having different gene expressions between competitive samples and then declare a gene to be DE if the posterior probability is large. The theoretical connection between the proposed first method based on the means and the Bayes factor approach proposed by Yu et al. (Yu F, Chen M-H, Kuo L. Detecting differentially expressed genes using alibrated Bayes factors. Statistica Sinica. 2008;18:783–802) is established under the normal-normal-model with equal variances between two samples. The empirical performance of the proposed methods is examined and compared to those of several existing methods via several simulations. The results from these simulation studies show that the proposed confident difference criterion methods outperform the existing methods when comparing gene expressions across different conditions for both microarray studies and sequence-based high-throughput studies. A real dataset is used to further demonstrate the proposed methodology. In the real data application, the confident difference criterion methods successfully identified more clinically important DE genes than the other methods. Conclusion The confident difference criterion method proposed in this paper provides a new efficient approach for both microarray studies and sequence-based high-throughput studies to identify differentially expressed genes. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12859-015-0664-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Yu
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, 68198-4350, NE, USA.
| | - Ming-Hui Chen
- Department of Statistics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, 06269-4120, CT, USA.
| | - Lynn Kuo
- Department of Statistics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, 06269-4120, CT, USA.
| | - Heather Talbott
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, 68198-5870, NE, USA.
| | - John S Davis
- VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, 68198-3255, NE, USA.
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Guo N, Meng C, Bai W, Wei Q, Shi F, Davis JS, Mao D. Prostaglandin F2α induces expression of activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) and activates MAPK signaling in the rat corpus luteum. Acta Histochem 2015; 117:211-8. [PMID: 25614048 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2014.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Revised: 12/24/2014] [Accepted: 12/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The current study was conducted to evaluate the expression of ATF3, in association with the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) during prostaglandin F2α analog (PGF)-induced luteal regression in rats. A sequential PMSG/hCG treatment paradigm was used to obtain a single, well-defined generation of corpora lutea (CL) in rats. Rats were treated with PGF for 0-4h on day 7 of pseudopregnancy. Results showed that serum progesterone (P4) concentrations declined in a time dependent manner. Western blot results revealed that ATF3 increased within 2h post-PGF injection. Phosphorylated ERK1/2 (p-ERK) and JNK (p-JNK) increased within 30min and then were gradually reduced in response to PGF. In contrast, the levels of phosphorylated p38 MAPK (p-p38) were not significantly altered. The immunostaining density for p-ERK decreased from the periphery to the center of the corpus luteum following treatment with PGF, while ATF3 was expressed uniformly in the nuclei of luteal steroidogenic cells. These results indicated that treatment with PGF in vivo could induce increases in MAPK phosphorylation, especially in p-ERK, which might be correlated with the increases in ATF3 expression and the decline in P4 concentrations. To our knowledge, this is the first study to provide evidence for temporal relationships between MAPK activation and ATF3 expression during PGF-induced luteal regression in the rat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Guo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Chenling Meng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Wujiao Bai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Quanwei Wei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Fangxiong Shi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - John S Davis
- VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Dagan Mao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China.
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Farberov S, Meidan R. Functions and transcriptional regulation of thrombospondins and their interrelationship with fibroblast growth factor-2 in bovine luteal cells. Biol Reprod 2014; 91:58. [PMID: 25061096 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.114.121020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Previously, we showed luteal stage-specific regulation of angiogenesis-modulating factors by prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2alpha). Fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) and thrombospondins (THBSs) exhibited the most divergent profile of induction by PGF2alpha. We therefore examined the transcriptional regulation and roles of THBSs in luteal cells and studied their interaction with FGF2. THBSs and their receptors exhibited cell-specific expression: THBS1 was the predominant form in luteal endothelial cells (LEC), whereas luteinized granulosa cells (LGC) expressed mostly THBS2. CD36 was confined to LGC, but CD47 did not exhibit preferential expression between LEC and LGC. THBS1 and THBS2 were both stimulated in vitro by PGF2a and its analog in LGC. In contrast, luteinizing signals (LH and insulin) decreased the expression of THBS1, THBS2, and CD36. Importantly, LH increased FGF2 expression, suggesting that THBSs and FGF2 are conversely regulated. We found that FGF2 inhibited THBS1 and vice versa, and that THBS1 treatment decreased FGF2 expression, suggesting reciprocal inhibition. In agreement, ablation of THBS1 by specific small interference RNAs elevated FGF2 levels. THBS1 reduced LEC numbers and promoted apoptosis by activation of caspase-3. In contrast, FGF2 reduced basal and THBS1-induced caspase-3 levels. Consistent with these findings, small interference RNA silencing of THBS1 in luteal cells reduced the levels of active caspase-3 and improved the survival of cells when challenged with staurosporine. Taken together, these studies suggest that THBSs are suppressed during luteinization but are induced by PGF2alpha in luteolysis. THBS1 has antiangiogenic, proapoptotic properties; these, together with its ability to inhibit FGF2 expression and activity, can promote luteolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Farberov
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Rina Meidan
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
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Talbott H, Delaney A, Zhang P, Yu Y, Cushman RA, Cupp AS, Hou X, Davis JS. Effects of IL8 and immune cells on the regulation of luteal progesterone secretion. Reproduction 2014; 148:21-31. [PMID: 24686456 DOI: 10.1530/rep-13-0602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have suggested that chemokines may mediate the luteolytic action of prostaglandin F2α (PGF). Our objective was to identify chemokines induced by PGF in vivo and to determine the effects of interleukin 8 (IL8) on specific luteal cell types in vitro. Mid-cycle cows were injected with saline or PGF, ovaries were removed after 0.5-4 h, and expression of chemokine was analyzed by qPCR. In vitro expression of IL8 was analyzed after PGF administration and with cell signaling inhibitors to determine the mechanism of PGF-induced chemokine expression. Purified neutrophils were analyzed for migration and activation in response to IL8 and PGF. Purified luteal cell types (steroidogenic, endothelial, and fibroblast cells) were used to identify which cells respond to chemokines. Neutrophils and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were cocultured with steroidogenic cells to determine their effect on progesterone production. IL8, CXCL2, CCL2, and CCL8 transcripts were rapidly increased following PGF treatment in vivo. The stimulatory action of PGF on IL8 mRNA expression in vitro was prevented by inhibition of p38 and JNK signaling. IL8, but not PGF, TNF, or TGFB1, stimulated neutrophil migration. IL8 had no apparent action in purified luteal steroidogenic, endothelial, or fibroblast cells, but stimulated ERK phosphorylation in neutrophils. In coculture experiments neither IL8 nor activated neutrophils altered basal or LH-stimulated luteal cell progesterone synthesis. In contrast, activated PBMCs inhibited LH-stimulated progesterone synthesis from cultured luteal cells. These data implicate a complex cascade of events during luteolysis, involving chemokine signaling, neutrophil recruitment, and immune cell action within the corpus luteum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather Talbott
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-5870, USADepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyOlson Center for Women's Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-3255, USADepartment of Pathology and MicrobiologyUniversity of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-5900, USAUnited States Department of Agriculture-U.S. Meat Animal Research CenterClay Center, Nebraska 68933-0166, USADepartment of Animal ScienceUniversity of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68583-0908, USAVA Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System and Olson Center for Women's HealthDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 983255 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-3255, USADepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-5870, USADepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyOlson Center for Women's Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-3255, USADepartment of Pathology and MicrobiologyUniversity of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-5900, USAUnited States Department of Agriculture-U.S. Meat Animal Research CenterClay Center, Nebraska 68933-0166, USADepartment of Animal ScienceUniversity of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68583-0908, USAVA Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System and Olson Center for Women's HealthDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 983255 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-3255, USA
| | - Abigail Delaney
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-5870, USADepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyOlson Center for Women's Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-3255, USADepartment of Pathology and MicrobiologyUniversity of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-5900, USAUnited States Department of Agriculture-U.S. Meat Animal Research CenterClay Center, Nebraska 68933-0166, USADepartment of Animal ScienceUniversity of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68583-0908, USAVA Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System and Olson Center for Women's HealthDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 983255 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-3255, USA
| | - Pan Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-5870, USADepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyOlson Center for Women's Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-3255, USADepartment of Pathology and MicrobiologyUniversity of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-5900, USAUnited States Department of Agriculture-U.S. Meat Animal Research CenterClay Center, Nebraska 68933-0166, USADepartment of Animal ScienceUniversity of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68583-0908, USAVA Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System and Olson Center for Women's HealthDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 983255 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-3255, USA
| | - Yangsheng Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-5870, USADepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyOlson Center for Women's Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-3255, USADepartment of Pathology and MicrobiologyUniversity of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-5900, USAUnited States Department of Agriculture-U.S. Meat Animal Research CenterClay Center, Nebraska 68933-0166, USADepartment of Animal ScienceUniversity of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68583-0908, USAVA Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System and Olson Center for Women's HealthDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 983255 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-3255, USA
| | - Robert A Cushman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-5870, USADepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyOlson Center for Women's Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-3255, USADepartment of Pathology and MicrobiologyUniversity of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-5900, USAUnited States Department of Agriculture-U.S. Meat Animal Research CenterClay Center, Nebraska 68933-0166, USADepartment of Animal ScienceUniversity of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68583-0908, USAVA Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System and Olson Center for Women's HealthDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 983255 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-3255, USA
| | - Andrea S Cupp
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-5870, USADepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyOlson Center for Women's Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-3255, USADepartment of Pathology and MicrobiologyUniversity of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-5900, USAUnited States Department of Agriculture-U.S. Meat Animal Research CenterClay Center, Nebraska 68933-0166, USADepartment of Animal ScienceUniversity of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68583-0908, USAVA Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System and Olson Center for Women's HealthDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 983255 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-3255, USA
| | - Xiaoying Hou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-5870, USADepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyOlson Center for Women's Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-3255, USADepartment of Pathology and MicrobiologyUniversity of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-5900, USAUnited States Department of Agriculture-U.S. Meat Animal Research CenterClay Center, Nebraska 68933-0166, USADepartment of Animal ScienceUniversity of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68583-0908, USAVA Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System and Olson Center for Women's HealthDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 983255 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-3255, USA
| | - John S Davis
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-5870, USADepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyOlson Center for Women's Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-3255, USADepartment of Pathology and MicrobiologyUniversity of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-5900, USAUnited States Department of Agriculture-U.S. Meat Animal Research CenterClay Center, Nebraska 68933-0166, USADepartment of Animal ScienceUniversity of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68583-0908, USAVA Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System and Olson Center for Women's HealthDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 983255 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-3255, USA
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Wissing ML, Kristensen SG, Andersen CY, Mikkelsen AL, Høst T, Borup R, Grøndahl ML. Identification of new ovulation-related genes in humans by comparing the transcriptome of granulosa cells before and after ovulation triggering in the same controlled ovarian stimulation cycle. Hum Reprod 2014; 29:997-1010. [PMID: 24510971 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deu008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Which genes and molecular mechanisms are involved in the human ovulatory cascade and final oocyte maturation? SUMMARY ANSWER Up-regulated genes in granulosa cells (GC) represented inflammation, angiogenesis, extracellular matrix, growth factors and genes previously associated with ovarian cancer, while down-regulated genes mainly represented cell cycle and proliferation. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Radical changes occur in the follicle during final follicle maturation after the ovulatory trigger: these range from ensuring an optimal milieu for the oocyte in meiotic arrest to the release of a mature oocyte and remodeling into a corpus luteum. A wide range of mediators of final follicle maturation has been identified in rodents, non-human primates and cows. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION Prospective cohort study including 24 women undergoing ovarian stimulation with the long gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonist protocol during 2010-2012 at Holbæk Fertility Clinic. Nine paired samples of GC and 24 paired samples of follicular fluid (FF) were obtained before and after recombinant human chorionic gonadotrophin (rhCG) administration. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Nine paired (nine arrays before rhCG and nine arrays after rhCG) samples of GC mRNA were amplified and hybridized to Affymetrix Human Gene 1.0 ST GeneChip arrays, compared and bioinformatically analyzed. Eleven selected genes were validated by quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR. FF hormones were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Eleven hundred and eighty-six genes were differentially expressed (>2-fold, P<0.0001, false discovery rate <0.0012) when comparing GC isolated before and 36 h after hCG, among those were genes known to be expressed at ovulation, i.e. ADAMTS1 and HAS2. Many new ovulation-related genes were revealed, such as CD24, ANKRD22, CLDN11 and FBXO32. FF estrogen, androstenedione and anti-Müllerian hormone decreased significantly while progesterone increased, accompanied by radical changes in the expression of steroidogenic genes (CYP17A, CYP19A, HSD11B1 and HSD11B2, StAR). Genes related to inflammation, angiogenesis, extracellular matrix formation, growth factors and cancer were up-regulated while cell cycle genes were massively down-regulated. Seventy-two genes previously described in connection with ovarian cancer were among the highly regulated genes. In silico analysis for top upstream regulators of the ovulatory trigger suggested--besides LH--TNF, IGF1, PGR, AR, EGR1 (early growth response 1), ERK1/2 (extracellular signal regulated kinase 1/2) and CDKN1A (cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A) as potential mediators of the LH/hCG response. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION The present dataset was generated from women under hormonal stimulation. However, comparison with a macaque natural cycle whole follicle ovulation dataset revealed major overlap, supporting the idea that the ovulation-related genes found in this study are relevant in the human natural cycle. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS These data will serve as a research resource for genes involved in human ovulation and final oocyte maturation. Ovulation-related genes might be good candidate biomarkers of follicle and oocyte health. Further, some of the ovulation-related genes may serve as future ovarian cancer biomarkers. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) Grants from the Research Fund of Region Sjælland are gratefully acknowledged. None of the authors declared any conflict of interest. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER Not applicable.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Wissing
- The Fertility Clinic, Holbæk Sygehus, Holbæk, Denmark
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Ever-changing cell interactions during the life span of the corpus luteum: Relevance to luteal regression. Reprod Biol 2014; 14:75-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2013.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2013] [Accepted: 12/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Mao D, Hou X, Talbott H, Cushman R, Cupp A, Davis JS. ATF3 expression in the corpus luteum: possible role in luteal regression. Mol Endocrinol 2013; 27:2066-79. [PMID: 24196350 DOI: 10.1210/me.2013-1274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the induction and possible role of activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) in the corpus luteum. Postpubertal cattle were treated at midcycle with prostaglandin F2α(PGF) for 0-4 hours. Luteal tissue was processed for immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridization, and isolation of protein and RNA. Ovaries were also collected from midluteal phase and first-trimester pregnant cows. Luteal cells were prepared and sorted by centrifugal elutriation to obtain purified small (SLCs) and large luteal cells (LLCs). Real-time PCR and in situ hybridization showed that ATF3 mRNA increased within 1 hour of PGF treatment in vivo. Western blot and immunohistochemistry demonstrated that ATF3 protein was expressed in the nuclei of LLC within 1 hour and was maintained for at least 4 hours. PGF treatment in vitro increased ATF3 expression only in LLC, whereas TNF induced ATF3 in both SLCs and LLCs. PGF stimulated concentration- and time-dependent increases in ATF3 and phosphorylation of MAPKs in LLCs. Combinations of MAPK inhibitors suppressed ATF3 expression in LLCs. Adenoviral-mediated expression of ATF3 inhibited LH-stimulated cAMP response element reporter luciferase activity and progesterone production in LLCs and SLCs but did not alter cell viability or change the expression or activity of key regulators of progesterone synthesis. In conclusion, the action of PGF in LLCs is associated with the rapid activation of stress-activated protein kinases and the induction of ATF3, which may contribute to the reduction in steroid synthesis during luteal regression. ATF3 appears to affect gonadotropin-stimulated progesterone secretion at a step or steps downstream of PKA signaling and before cholesterol conversion to progesterone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dagan Mao
- Olson Center for Women's Health, Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology, Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198.
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Cheng JC, Chang HM, Leung PCK. Transforming growth factor-β1 inhibits trophoblast cell invasion by inducing Snail-mediated down-regulation of vascular endothelial-cadherin protein. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:33181-92. [PMID: 24106276 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.488866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Human trophoblast cells express transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and TGF-β receptors. It has been shown that TGF-β1 treatment decreases the invasiveness of trophoblast cells. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying TGF-β1-decreased trophoblast invasion are still not fully understood. In the current study, we demonstrated that treatment of HTR-8/SVneo human trophoblast cells with TGF-β1 decreased cell invasion and down-regulated the expression of vascular endothelial cadherin (VE-cadherin). In addition, the inhibitory effect of TGF-β1 on VE-cadherin was confirmed in primary cultures of human trophoblast cells. Moreover, knockdown of VE-cadherin using siRNA decreased the invasiveness of HTR-8/SVneo cells and primary cultures of trophoblast cells. Treatment with TGF-β1 induced the activation of Smad-dependent signaling pathways and the expression of Snail and Slug. Knockdown of Smads attenuated TGF-β1-induced up-regulation of Snail and Slug and down-regulation of VE-cadherin. Interestingly, depletion of Snail, but not Slug, attenuated TGF-β1-induced down-regulation of VE-cadherin. Furthermore, overexpression of Snail suppressed VE-cadherin expression. Chromatin immunoprecipitation analyses showed the direct binding of Snail to the VE-cadherin promoter. These results provide evidence that Snail mediates TGF-β1-induced down-regulation of VE-cadherin, which subsequently contributed to TGF-β1-decreased trophoblast cell invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Chien Cheng
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Child & Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6H 3V5, Canada
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Mukhopadhyay C, Zhao X, Maroni D, Band V, Naramura M. Distinct effects of EGFR ligands on human mammary epithelial cell differentiation. PLoS One 2013; 8:e75907. [PMID: 24124521 PMCID: PMC3790811 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0075907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2013] [Accepted: 08/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Based on gene expression patterns, breast cancers can be divided into subtypes that closely resemble various developmental stages of normal mammary epithelial cells (MECs). Thus, understanding molecular mechanisms of MEC development is expected to provide critical insights into initiation and progression of breast cancer. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and its ligands play essential roles in normal and pathological mammary gland. Signals through EGFR is required for normal mammary gland development. Ligands for EGFR are over-expressed in a significant proportion of breast cancers, and elevated expression of EGFR is associated with poorer clinical outcome. In the present study, we examined the effect of signals through EGFR on MEC differentiation using the human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT)-immortalized human stem/progenitor MECs which express cytokeratin 5 but lack cytokeratin 19 (K5+K19- hMECs). As reported previously, these cells can be induced to differentiate into luminal and myoepithelial cells under appropriate culture conditions. K5+K19- hMECs acquired distinct cell fates in response to EGFR ligands epidermal growth factor (EGF), amphiregulin (AREG) and transforming growth factor alpha (TGFα) in differentiation-promoting MEGM medium. Specifically, presence of EGF during in vitro differentiation supported development into both luminal and myoepithelial lineages, whereas cells differentiated only towards luminal lineage when EGF was replaced with AREG. In contrast, substitution with TGFα led to differentiation only into myoepithelial lineage. Chemical inhibition of the MEK-Erk pathway, but not the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-AKT pathway, interfered with K5+K19- hMEC differentiation. The present data validate the utility of the K5+K19- hMEC cells for modeling key features of human MEC differentiation. This system should be useful in studying molecular/biochemical mechanisms of human MEC differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandrani Mukhopadhyay
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - Xiangshan Zhao
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - Dulce Maroni
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - Vimla Band
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - Mayumi Naramura
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Romero JJ, Antoniazzi AQ, Smirnova NP, Webb BT, Yu F, Davis JS, Hansen TR. Pregnancy-associated genes contribute to antiluteolytic mechanisms in ovine corpus luteum. Physiol Genomics 2013; 45:1095-108. [PMID: 24046284 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00082.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The hypothesis that ovine luteal gene expression differs due to pregnancy status and day of estrous cycle was tested. RNA was isolated from corpora lutea (CL) on days 12 and 14 of the estrous cycle (NP) or pregnancy (P) and analyzed with the Affymetrix bovine microarray. RNA also was isolated from luteal cells on day 10 of estrous cycle that were cultured for 24 h with luteolytic hormones (OXT and PGF) and secretory products of the conceptus (IFNT and PGE2). Differential gene expression (>1.5-fold, P < 0.05) was confirmed using semiquantitative real-time PCR. Serum progesterone concentrations decreased from day 12 to day 15 in NP ewes (P < 0.05) reflecting luteolysis and remained >1.7 ng/ml in P ewes reflecting rescue of the CL. Early luteolysis (days 12-14) was associated with differential expression of 683 genes in the CL, including upregulation of SERPINE1 and THBS1. Pregnancy on day 12 (55 genes) and 14 (734 genes) also was associated with differential expression of genes in the CL, many of which were ISGs (i.e., ISG15, MX1) that were induced when culturing luteal cells with IFNT, but not PGE2. Finally, many genes, such as PTX3, IL6, VEGF, and LHR, were stabilized during pregnancy and downregulated during the estrous cycle and in response to culture of luteal cells with luteolytic hormones. In conclusion, pregnancy circumvents luteolytic pathways and activates or stabilizes genes associated with interferon, chemokine, cell adhesion, cytoskeletal, and angiogenic pathways in the CL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jared J Romero
- Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
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