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Ji X, Hu Q, Yang C, Huang L, Huang Y, Deng L, Song X, Zhang Y, Wang Y. Exploring the therapeutic effect of Pen Yan Kang Fu Decoction on SPID rats based on LIF/JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. 3 Biotech 2024; 14:134. [PMID: 38665879 PMCID: PMC11039587 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-024-03981-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Tubal inflammation, endometritis, and uterine adhesions due to post-pelvic inflammatory disease (SPID) are important causes of infertility. Chronic endometritis (CE) belongs to SPID, which seriously affects women's reproductive health, quality of life, and family harmony, and is a hot and difficult problem in clinical research. The efficacy of Pen Yan Kang Fu Decoction (PYKFD) has been verified in long-term clinical practice for chronic endometritis infertility caused by the SPID. Numerous studies have confirmed that the LIF/JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway is important in embryo implantation and development, and endometritis infertility is close to LIF/JAK2/STAT3. In vivo results showed that PYKFD increased endometrial receptivity, repaired uterine tissue damage, and regulates the expression of endometrial receptivity-related factors ER (estrogen receptor), PR (progesterone receptor), CD31, and integrin αvβ3, and induced the transduction of LIF/JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. PYKFD can also regulate the expression of IL-6. The results of in vitro experiments showed that PYKFD regulates the behavior of rat endometrial epithelial cells (REECs) involving LIF. In conclusion, PYKFD can improve endometrial receptivity and promote endometrial repair by LIF/JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-024-03981-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Ji
- Department of Gynecology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 39 Shi-Er-Qiao Road, Chengdu, 610072 Sichuan Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Quan Hu
- Department of Geriatrics, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 39 Shi-Er-Qiao Road, Chengdu, 610072 Sichuan Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Chengcheng Yang
- Department of Gynecology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 39 Shi-Er-Qiao Road, Chengdu, 610072 Sichuan Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Huang
- Department of Gynecology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 39 Shi-Er-Qiao Road, Chengdu, 610072 Sichuan Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Yefang Huang
- Department of Gynecology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 39 Shi-Er-Qiao Road, Chengdu, 610072 Sichuan Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Linwen Deng
- Department of Gynecology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 39 Shi-Er-Qiao Road, Chengdu, 610072 Sichuan Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqing Song
- Department of Gynecology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 39 Shi-Er-Qiao Road, Chengdu, 610072 Sichuan Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Yongqing Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 39 Shi-Er-Qiao Road, Chengdu, 610072 Sichuan Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Gynecology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 39 Shi-Er-Qiao Road, Chengdu, 610072 Sichuan Province People’s Republic of China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, West Section of Liutai Avenue Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137 People’s Republic of China
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Ye Y, Xie W, Ma Z, Wang X, Wen Y, Li X, Qi H, Wu H, An J, Jiang Y, Lu X, Chen G, Hu S, Blaber EA, Chen X, Chang L, Zhang W. Conserved mechanisms of self-renewal and pluripotency in mouse and human ESCs regulated by simulated microgravity using a 3D clinostat. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:68. [PMID: 38336777 PMCID: PMC10858198 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-01846-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) exhibit unique attributes of boundless self-renewal and pluripotency, making them invaluable for fundamental investigations and clinical endeavors. Previous examinations of microgravity effects on ESC self-renewal and differentiation have predominantly maintained a descriptive nature, constrained by limited experimental opportunities and techniques. In this investigation, we present compelling evidence derived from murine and human ESCs, demonstrating that simulated microgravity (SMG)-induced stress significantly impacts self-renewal and pluripotency through a previously unidentified conserved mechanism. Specifically, SMG induces the upregulation of heat shock protein genes, subsequently enhancing the expression of core pluripotency factors and activating the Wnt and/or LIF/STAT3 signaling pathways, thereby fostering ESC self-renewal. Notably, heightened Wnt pathway activity, facilitated by Tbx3 upregulation, prompts mesoendodermal differentiation in both murine and human ESCs under SMG conditions. Recognizing potential disparities between terrestrial SMG simulations and authentic microgravity, forthcoming space flight experiments are imperative to validate the impact of reduced gravity on ESC self-renewal and differentiation mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Ye
- Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Wenyan Xie
- Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhaoru Ma
- Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xuepeng Wang
- Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yi Wen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xuemei Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Hongqian Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jinnan An
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yan Jiang
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xinyi Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Guokai Chen
- Centre of Reproduction, Development and Aging, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
| | - Shijun Hu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital & Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China.
| | - Elizabeth A Blaber
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
| | - Xi Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Lei Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Jiangsu Province International Joint Laboratory For Regeneration Medicine, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
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Gautam S, Fenner JL, Wang B, Range RC. Evolutionarily conserved Wnt/Sp5 signaling is critical for anterior-posterior axis patterning in sea urchin embryos. iScience 2024; 27:108616. [PMID: 38179064 PMCID: PMC10765061 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Studies across a diverse group of metazoan embryos indicate that Wnt signaling often activates the transcription factor Sp5, forming a signaling 'cassette' that plays critical roles in many developmental processes. This study explores the role of Wnt/Sp5 signaling during the specification and patterning of the primary germ layers during early anterior-posterior axis formation in the deuterostome sea urchin embryo. Our functional analyses show that Sp5 is critical for endomesoderm specification downstream of Wnt/β-catenin in posterior cells as well as anterior neuroectoderm patterning downstream of non-canonical Wnt/JNK signaling in anterior cells. Interestingly, expression and functional data comparisons show that Wnt/Sp5 signaling often plays similar roles in posterior endomesoderm as well as neuroectoderm patterning along the AP axis of several deuterostome embryos, including vertebrates. Thus, our findings provide strong support for the idea that Wnt-Sp5 signaling cassettes were critical for the establishment of early germ layers in the common deuterostome ancestor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujan Gautam
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Jennifer L. Fenner
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Boyuan Wang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Ryan C. Range
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
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Chen N, Diao CY, Huang X, Tan WX, Chen YB, Qian XY, Gao J, Zhao DB. RhoA Promotes Synovial Proliferation and Bone Erosion in Rheumatoid Arthritis through Wnt/PCP Pathway. Mediators Inflamm 2023; 2023:5057009. [PMID: 38022686 PMCID: PMC10667059 DOI: 10.1155/2023/5057009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Ras homolog gene family member A (RhoA) plays a major role in the Wnt/planar cell polarity (PCP) pathway, which is significantly activated in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The function of RhoA in RA synovitis and bone erosion is still elusive. Here, we not only explored the impact of RhoA on the proliferation and invasion of RA fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) but also elucidated its effect on mouse osteoclast and a mouse model of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). Results showed that RhoA was overexpressed in RA and CIA synovial tissues. Lentivirus-mediated silencing of RhoA increased apoptosis, attenuated invasion, and dramatically upregulated osteoprotegerin/receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (OPG/RANKL) ratio in RA-FLSs. Additionally, the silencing of RhoA inhibited mouse osteoclast differentiation in vitro and alleviated synovial hyperplasia and bone erosion in the CIA mouse model. These effects in RA-FLSs and osteoclasts were all regulated by RhoA/Rho-associated protein kinase 2 (ROCK2) and might interact with Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Chen
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Yancheng, China
| | - Chao-Yue Diao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei-Xing Tan
- Air Force Health Care Center for Special Services, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ya-Bing Chen
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin-Yu Qian
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Gao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dong-Bao Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
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Khan K, Zafar S, Badshah Y, Ashraf NM, Rafiq M, Danish L, Shabbir M, Trembley JH, Afsar T, Almajwal A, Razak S. Cross talk of tumor protein D52 (TPD52) with KLF9, PKCε, and MicroRNA 223 in ovarian cancer. J Ovarian Res 2023; 16:202. [PMID: 37833790 PMCID: PMC10571360 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-023-01292-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gynecologic cancers comprise malignancies in the female reproductive organs. Ovarian cancer ranks sixth in terms of incidence rates while seventh in terms of mortality rates. The stage at which ovarian cancer is diagnosed mainly determines the survival outcomes of patients. Various screening approaches are presently employed for diagnosing ovarian cancer; however, these techniques have low accuracy and are non-specific, resulting in high mortality rates of patients due to this disease. Hence, it is crucial to identify improved screening and diagnostic markers to overcome this cancer. This study aimed to find new biomarkers to facilitate the prognosis and diagnosis of ovarian cancer. METHODS Bioinformatics approaches were used to predict the tertiary structure and cellular localization along with phylogenetic analysis of TPD52. Its molecular interactions were determined through KEGG analysis, and real-time PCR-based expression analysis was performed to assess its co-expression with another oncogenic cellular pathway (miR-223, KLF9, and PKCε) proteins in ovarian cancer. RESULTS Bioinformatics analysis depicted the cytoplasmic localization of TPD52 and the high conservation of its coiled-coil domains. Further study revealed that TPD52 mRNA and miRNA-223 expression was elevated, while the expression of KLF 9 and PKCε was reduced in the blood of ovarian cancer patients. Furthermore, TPD52 and miR-223 expression were upregulated in the early stages of cancer and non-metastatic cancers. CONCLUSION TPD52, miR-223, PKCε, and KLF9, can be used as a blood based markers for disease prognosis, metastasis, and treatment response. The study outcomes hold great potential to be translated at the clinical level after further validation on larger cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khushbukhat Khan
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Sameen Zafar
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Yasmin Badshah
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Naeem Mahmood Ashraf
- School of Biochemistry & Biotechnology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mehak Rafiq
- School of Interdisciplinary Engineering & Sciences (SINES), National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Lubna Danish
- Agricultural Research Institute, Tarnab, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Maria Shabbir
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan.
- Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Janeen H Trembley
- Research Service, Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Tayyaba Afsar
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Almajwal
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Suhail Razak
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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6
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Li X, Chen P, Ji J, Duan Q, Cao J, Huang R, Ye SD. Rhox6 regulates the expression of distinct target genes to mediate mouse PGCLC formation and ESC self-renewal. Cell Biosci 2023; 13:145. [PMID: 37553721 PMCID: PMC10408072 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-023-01096-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) not only retain the property of self-renewal but also have the ability to develop into primordial germ cell-like cells (PGCLCs). However, knowledge about the mechanisms of transcriptional regulation is still limited. Rhox6, a member of the homeobox family that is located on the X chromosome, is highly expressed within PGCLCs in vivo and in vitro. However, the detailed effects of Rhox6 on PGCLC specification and mESC maintenance remain unclear. RESULTS In this study, we found that overexpression of Rhox6 favors the formation of PGCLCs, while depletion of Rhox6 inhibits the generation of PGCLCs. Mechanistically, Rhox6 directly induces the expression of Nanos3 during the specification of PGCLCs. Subsequently, downregulation of Nanos3 expression is sufficient to decrease the ability of Rhox6 to induce PGCLC formation. Moreover, we found that depletion of Rhox6 expression facilitates the self-renewal of mESCs. High-throughput sequencing revealed that suppression of Rhox6 transcription significantly increases the expression of pluripotency genes. Functional studies further demonstrated that Rhox6 directly represses the transcription of Tbx3. Therefore, knockdown of the expression of the latter impairs the self-renewal of mESCs promoted by Rhox6 downregulation. CONCLUSIONS Our study reveals that overexpression of Rhox6 is beneficial for PGCLC generation through induction of Nanos3, while downregulation of Rhox6 contributes to mESC self-renewal by increasing Tbx3. These findings help elucidate the early development of mouse embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Li
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Junxiang Ji
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Quanchao Duan
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Jianjian Cao
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Ru Huang
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Shou-Dong Ye
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China.
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Liu YR, Li WC, Hu JH, Li QQ, Zhang YP, Lu KH, Xu HY, Liang XW, Lu YQ, Yang XG. Comparison of the effects of buffalo LIF and mouse LIF on the in vitro culture of buffalo spermatogonia. Cell Biol Int 2023; 47:981-989. [PMID: 36691872 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) is an important growth factor that supports the culture and maintenance of spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) by suppressing spontaneous differentiation. Different LIF sequences may lead to differences in function. The protein sequences of buffalo LIF and mouse LIF differed by 65.5% according to MEGA software analysis. The PB-LIF-GFP-Puro vector was constructed, and the CHO-K1 cell line was established. The final LIF protein concentration in the CHO-K1 cell culture medium was approximately 4.268 ng/mL. Here, we report that buffalo LIF effectively maintains the self-renewal of buffalo spermatogonia during culture. Buffalo spermatogonia were cultured in conditioned medium containing no LIF (0 ng/mL), mouse LIF (1 ng/mL), mouse LIF (10 ng/mL), or buffalo LIF (1 ng/mL). Furthermore, the effects of mouse LIF and buffalo LIF culture on the maintenance of buffalo spermatogonia were determined by analyzing cell colony formation, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, cell immunofluorescence, and cell counting. The buffalo LIF (1 ng/mL) group showed similar maintenance of the proliferation of buffalo spermatogonia to that in the mouse LIF (10 ng/mL) group. These results demonstrated that the proliferation of buffalo spermatogonia can be maintained in vitro by adding a low dose of buffalo LIF. This study provides a foundation for the further optimization of in vitro buffalo SSC culture systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Ru Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilisation of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.,College of Animal Science & Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Wang Chang Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilisation of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.,College of Animal Science & Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Jia Hao Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilisation of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.,College of Animal Science & Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Qi Qi Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilisation of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.,College of Animal Science & Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Ya Ping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilisation of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.,College of Animal Science & Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Ke Huan Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilisation of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.,College of Animal Science & Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Hui Yan Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilisation of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.,College of Animal Science & Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xing Wei Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilisation of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.,College of Animal Science & Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yang Qing Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilisation of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.,College of Animal Science & Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiao Gan Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilisation of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.,College of Animal Science & Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
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Li Y, Yang Z, Li X, Yu Y, Li X, Chen P, Li B, Wang X, Ye SD. Prdm14 promotes mouse ESC self-renewal and PGCLC specification through enhancement of Stat3 activity. iScience 2022; 25:105293. [PMID: 36300005 PMCID: PMC9589213 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Prdm14 plays an important role in the maintenance of mouse embryonic stem cell (mESC) pluripotency and the specification of primordial germ cells (PGCs). However, the mechanism downstream of Prdm14 is still not fully understood. Here, using high-throughput sequencing, chromatin immunoprecipitation, and luciferase reporter assays, we show that Prdm14 directly binds to the promoter of Socs3 and represses its transcription to increase the phosphorylation level of Stat3 protein, a critical downstream effector of LIF. Therefore, ectopic expression of Socs3 is able to decrease the ability of Prdm14 to promote mouse mESC self-renewal and PGC-like cell generation. As expected, similar phenotypes were observed in Prdm14-transfected mESCs after knockdown of Stat3 transcripts or treatment with a pan-inhibitor of JAKs, positive modulators of the LIF/Stat3 signaling pathway. These data will facilitate a better understanding of the regulatory network governing ESC identity and germ cell development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Li
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Ziqiong Yang
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Xiangfen Li
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Xiaofeng Li
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Bing Li
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Wang
- Core Facility Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC (Anhui Provincial Hospital), Hefei, Anhui 230001, China
- Corresponding author
| | - Shou-Dong Ye
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
- Corresponding author
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9
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Leukemia Inhibitory Factor Facilitates Self-Renewal and Differentiation and Attenuates Oxidative Stress of BMSCs by Activating PI3K/AKT Signaling. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:5772509. [PMID: 36105481 PMCID: PMC9467750 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5772509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective. Transplantation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) remains a hopeful therapeutic approach for bone defect reconstruction. Herein, we investigated the effects and mechanisms of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) in the function and viability of hypoxic BMSCs as well as bone defect repair. Methods. The effects of LIF on apoptosis (flow cytometry, TUNEL staining), mitochondrial activity (JC-1 staining), proliferation (colony formation, EdU staining), and differentiation (CD105, CD90, and CD29 via flow sorting) were examined in hypoxic BMSCs. LIF, LIFR, gp130, Keap1, Nrf2, antioxidant enzymes (SOD1, catalase, GPx-3), bone-specific matrix proteins (ALP, BSP, OCN), PI3K, and Akt were detected via immunoblotting or immunofluorescent staining. BMSCs combined with biphasic calcium phosphate scaffolds were implanted into calvarial bone defect mice, and the therapeutic effect of LIF on bone defect was investigated. Results. Hypoxic BMSCs had increased apoptosis and oxidative stress and reduced mitochondrial activity. Additionally, LIF, LIFR, and gp130 were upregulated and PI3K/Akt activity was depressed in hypoxic BMSCs. Upregulated LIF alleviated apoptosis and oxidative stress and heightened mitochondrial activity and PI3K/Akt signaling in hypoxic BMSCs. Additionally, LIF overexpression promoted self-renewal and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs with hypoxic condition. Mechanically, LIF facilitated self-renewal and differentiation as well as attenuated oxidative stress of BMSCs through enhancing PI3K/AKT signaling activity. Implantation of LIF-overexpressed BMSC-loaded BCP scaffolds promoted osteogenesis as well as alleviated oxidative stress and apoptosis through PI3K/Akt signaling. Conclusion. Our findings demonstrate that LIF facilitates self-renewal and differentiation and attenuates oxidative stress of BMSCs by PI3K/AKT signaling.
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10
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Safi S, Badshah Y, Shabbir M, Zahra K, Khan K, Dilshad E, Afsar T, Almajwal A, Alruwaili NW, Al-disi D, Abulmeaty M, Razak S. Predicting 3D Structure, Cross Talks, and Prognostic Significance of KLF9 in Cervical Cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 11:797007. [PMID: 35047407 PMCID: PMC8761731 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.797007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Our study aimed to identify the new blood-based biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of cervical cancer. Moreover, the three-dimensional (3D) structure of Kruppel-like factor 9 (KLF9) was also determined in order to better understand its function, and a signaling pathway was constructed to identity its upstream and downstream targets. In the current study, the co-expressions of tumor protein D52 (TPD52), KLF9, microRNA 223 (miR-223), and protein kinase C epsilon (PKCϵ) were evaluated in cervical cancer patients and a possible relation with disease outcome was revealed. The expressions of TPD52, KLF9, miR-223, and PKCϵ were studied in the blood of 100 cervical cancer patients and 100 healthy controls using real-time PCR. The 3D structure of KLF9 was determined through homology modeling via the SWISS-MODEL and assessed using the Ramachandran plot. The predicted 3D structure of KLF9 had a similarity index of 62% with its template (KLF4) with no bad bonds in it. In order to construct a genetic pathway, depicting the crosstalk between understudied genes, STRING analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and DAVID software were used. The constructed genetic pathway showed that all the understudied genes are linked to each other and involved in the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. There was a 23-fold increase in TPD52 expression, a 2-fold increase in miR-223 expression, a 0.14-fold decrease in KLF9 expression, and a 0.05-fold decrease of PKCϵ expression in cervical cancer. In the present study, we observed an association of the expressions of TPD52, KLF9, miR-223, and PKCϵ with tumor stage, metastasis, and treatment status of cervical cancer patients. Elevated expressions of TPD52 and miR-223 and reduced expressions of KLF9 and PKCϵ in peripheral blood of cervical cancer patients may serve as predictors of disease diagnosis and prognosis. Nevertheless, further in vitro and tissue-level studies are required to strengthen their role as potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadia Safi
- Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Yasmin Badshah
- Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Maria Shabbir
- Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Kainat Zahra
- Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Khushbukhat Khan
- Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Erum Dilshad
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Capital University of Science and Technology (CUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Tayyaba Afsar
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Almajwal
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nawaf W. Alruwaili
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dara Al-disi
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud Abulmeaty
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Suhail Razak
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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11
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Gadd45g initiates embryonic stem cell differentiation and inhibits breast cell carcinogenesis. Cell Death Discov 2021; 7:271. [PMID: 34601500 PMCID: PMC8487429 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-021-00667-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Many self-renewal-promoting factors of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) have been implicated in carcinogenesis, while little known about the genes that direct ESCs exit from pluripotency and regulate tumor development. Here, we show that the transcripts of Gadd45 family genes, including Gadd45a, Gadd45b, and Gadd45g, are gradually increased upon mouse ESC differentiation. Upregulation of Gadd45 members decreases cell proliferation and induces endodermal and trophectodermal lineages. In contrast, knockdown of Gadd45 genes can delay mouse ESC differentiation. Mechanistic studies reveal that Gadd45g activates MAPK signaling by increasing expression levels of the positive modulators of this pathway, such as Csf1r, Igf2, and Fgfr3. Therefore, inhibition of MAPK signaling with a MEK specific inhibitor is capable of eliminating the differentiation phenotype caused by Gadd45g upregulation. Meanwhile, GADD45G functions as a suppressor in human breast cancers. Enforced expression of GADD45G significantly inhibits tumor formation and breast cancer metastasis in mice through limitation of the propagation and invasion of breast cancer cells. These results not only expand our understanding of the regulatory network of ESCs, but also help people better treatment of cancers by manipulating the prodifferentiation candidates.
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12
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Hang Y, Ma X, Liu C, Li S, Zhang S, Feng R, Shang Q, Liu Q, Ding Z, Zhang X, Yu L, Lu Q, Shao C, Chen H, Shi Y, He J, Kaplan DL. Blastocyst-Inspired Hydrogels to Maintain Undifferentiation of Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells. ACS NANO 2021; 15:14162-14173. [PMID: 34516077 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c10468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Stem cell fate is determined by specific niches that provide multiple physical, chemical, and biological cues. However, the hierarchy or cascade of impact of these cues remains elusive due to their spatiotemporal complexity. Here, anisotropic silk protein nanofiber-based hydrogels with suitable cell adhesion capacity are developed to mimic the physical microenvironment inside the blastocele. The hydrogels enable mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) to maintain stemness in vitro in the absence of both leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) and mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs), two critical factors in the standard protocol for mESC maintenance. The mESCs on hydrogels can achieve superior pluripotency, genetic stability, developmental capacity, and germline transmission to those cultured with the standard protocol. Such biomaterials establish an improved dynamic niche through stimulating the secretion of autocrine factors and are sufficient to maintain the pluripotency and propagation of ESCs. The mESCs on hydrogels are distinct in their expression profiles and more resemble ESCs in vivo. The physical cues can thus initiate a self-sustaining stemness-maintaining program. In addition to providing a relatively simple and low-cost option for expansion and utility of ESCs in biological research and therapeutic applications, this biomimetic material helps gain more insights into the underpinnings of early mammalian embryogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjie Hang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoliang Ma
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunxiao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Radiation Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Siyuan Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Sixuan Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruyan Feng
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianwen Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Radiation Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Liu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaozhao Ding
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyi Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Liyin Yu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Lu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Changshun Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Radiation Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Chen
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Yufang Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Radiation Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiuyang He
- CAS Engineering Laboratory for Nanozyme, Key Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceutical, Institute Academy of Science, Beijing 100101, People's Republic of China
| | - David L Kaplan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
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13
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Li CH, Hsu TI, Chang YC, Chan MH, Lu PJ, Hsiao M. Stationed or Relocating: The Seesawing EMT/MET Determinants from Embryonic Development to Cancer Metastasis. Biomedicines 2021; 9:1265. [PMID: 34572451 PMCID: PMC8472300 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9091265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial and mesenchymal transition mechanisms continue to occur during the cell cycle and throughout human development from the embryo stage to death. In embryo development, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) can be divided into three essential steps. First, endoderm, mesoderm, and neural crest cells form, then the cells are subdivided, and finally, cardiac valve formation occurs. After the embryonic period, the human body will be subjected to ongoing mechanical stress or injury. The formation of a wound requires EMT to recruit fibroblasts to generate granulation tissues, repair the wound and re-create an intact skin barrier. However, once cells transform into a malignant tumor, the tumor cells acquire the characteristic of immortality. Local cell growth with no growth inhibition creates a solid tumor. If the tumor cannot obtain enough nutrition in situ, the tumor cells will undergo EMT and invade the basal membrane of nearby blood vessels. The tumor cells are transported through the bloodstream to secondary sites and then begin to form colonies and undergo reverse EMT, the so-called "mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET)." This dynamic change involves cell morphology, environmental conditions, and external stimuli. Therefore, in this manuscript, the similarities and differences between EMT and MET will be dissected from embryonic development to the stage of cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Hsiu Li
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan; (C.-H.L.); (T.-I.H.); (M.-H.C.)
| | - Tai-I Hsu
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan; (C.-H.L.); (T.-I.H.); (M.-H.C.)
| | - Yu-Chan Chang
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan;
| | - Ming-Hsien Chan
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan; (C.-H.L.); (T.-I.H.); (M.-H.C.)
| | - Pei-Jung Lu
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan
- Clinical Medicine Research Center, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan
| | - Michael Hsiao
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan; (C.-H.L.); (T.-I.H.); (M.-H.C.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
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14
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Ding Y, Yao Y, Gong X, Zhuo Q, Chen J, Tian M, Farzaneh M. JMJD3: a critical epigenetic regulator in stem cell fate. Cell Commun Signal 2021; 19:72. [PMID: 34217316 PMCID: PMC8254972 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-021-00753-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The Jumonji domain-containing protein-3 (JMJD3) is a histone demethylase that regulates the trimethylation of histone H3 on lysine 27 (H3K27me3). H3K27me3 is an important epigenetic event associated with transcriptional silencing. JMJD3 has been studied extensively in immune diseases, cancer, and tumor development. There is a comprehensive epigenetic transformation during the transition of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) into specialized cells or the reprogramming of somatic cells to induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Recent studies have illustrated that JMJD3 plays a major role in cell fate determination of pluripotent and multipotent stem cells (MSCs). JMJD3 has been found to enhance self-renewal ability and reduce the differentiation capacity of ESCs and MSCs. In this review, we will focus on the recent advances of JMJD3 function in stem cell fate. Video Abstract
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanjie Ding
- School of Medicine, Jishou University, Jishou, 416000, China.,Key Laboratory of Hunan Forest Products and Chemical Industry Engineering, Jishou University, Zhangjiajie, 427000, China
| | - Yuanchun Yao
- School of Medicine, Jishou University, Jishou, 416000, China
| | - Xingmu Gong
- School of Medicine, Jishou University, Jishou, 416000, China
| | - Qi Zhuo
- School of Medicine, Jishou University, Jishou, 416000, China.
| | - Jinhua Chen
- School of Medicine, Jishou University, Jishou, 416000, China
| | - Miao Tian
- School of Medicine, Jishou University, Jishou, 416000, China
| | - Maryam Farzaneh
- Fertility, Infertility and Perinatology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
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15
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Adam S, Simon N, Steffen U, Andes FT, Scholtysek C, Müller DIH, Weidner D, Andreev D, Kleyer A, Culemann S, Hahn M, Schett G, Krönke G, Frey S, Hueber AJ. JAK inhibition increases bone mass in steady-state conditions and ameliorates pathological bone loss by stimulating osteoblast function. Sci Transl Med 2021; 12:12/530/eaay4447. [PMID: 32051226 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aay4447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Janus kinase (JAK)-mediated cytokine signaling has emerged as an important therapeutic target for the treatment of inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Accordingly, JAK inhibitors compose a new class of drugs, among which tofacitinib and baricitinib have been approved for the treatment of RA. Periarticular bone erosions contribute considerably to the pathogenesis of RA. However, although the immunomodulatory aspect of JAK inhibition (JAKi) is well defined, the current knowledge of how JAKi influences bone homeostasis is limited. Here, we assessed the effects of the JAK inhibitors tofacitinib and baricitinib on bone phenotype (i) in mice during steady-state conditions or in mice with bone loss induced by (ii) estrogen-deficiency (ovariectomy) or (iii) inflammation (arthritis) to evaluate whether effects of JAKi on bone metabolism require noninflammatory/inflammatory challenge. In all three models, JAKi increased bone mass, consistent with reducing the ratio of receptor activator of NF-κB ligand/osteoprotegerin in serum. In vitro, effects of tofacitinib and baricitinib on osteoclast and osteoblast differentiation were analyzed. JAKi significantly increased osteoblast function (P < 0.05) but showed no direct effects on osteoclasts. Additionally, mRNA sequencing and ingenuity pathway analyses were performed in osteoblasts exposed to JAKi and revealed robust up-regulation of markers for osteoblast function, such as osteocalcin and Wnt signaling. The anabolic effect of JAKi was illustrated by the stabilization of β-catenin. In humans with RA, JAKi induced bone-anabolic effects as evidenced by repair of arthritic bone erosions. Results support that JAKi is a potent therapeutic tool for increasing osteoblast function and bone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Adam
- Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Internal Medicine 3-Rheumatology and Immunology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Nils Simon
- Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Internal Medicine 3-Rheumatology and Immunology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ulrike Steffen
- Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Internal Medicine 3-Rheumatology and Immunology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Fabian T Andes
- Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Internal Medicine 3-Rheumatology and Immunology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Carina Scholtysek
- Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Internal Medicine 3-Rheumatology and Immunology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Dorothea I H Müller
- Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Internal Medicine 3-Rheumatology and Immunology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Daniela Weidner
- Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Internal Medicine 3-Rheumatology and Immunology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Darja Andreev
- Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Internal Medicine 3-Rheumatology and Immunology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Arnd Kleyer
- Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Internal Medicine 3-Rheumatology and Immunology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stephan Culemann
- Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Internal Medicine 3-Rheumatology and Immunology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany.,Nikolaus Fiebiger Center of Molecular Medicine, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Madelaine Hahn
- Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Internal Medicine 3-Rheumatology and Immunology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Georg Schett
- Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Internal Medicine 3-Rheumatology and Immunology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Gerhard Krönke
- Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Internal Medicine 3-Rheumatology and Immunology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Silke Frey
- Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Internal Medicine 3-Rheumatology and Immunology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany. .,Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Axel J Hueber
- Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Internal Medicine 3-Rheumatology and Immunology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
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16
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Zhu Z, Zhang Y, Wang X, Wang X, Ye SD. Inhibition of protein kinase D by CID755673 promotes maintenance of the pluripotency of embryonic stem cells. Development 2020; 147:dev185264. [PMID: 32747433 DOI: 10.1242/dev.185264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The identification of novel mechanisms to maintain embryonic stem cell (ESC) pluripotency is of crucial importance, because the currently used culture conditions are not suitable for ESCs from all species. In this study, we show that the protein kinase D (PKD) inhibitor CID755673 (CID) is able to maintain the undifferentiated state of mouse ESCs in combination with the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK) inhibitor. The expression levels of PKD members, including PKD1, PKD2 and PKD3, were low in mouse ESCs but significantly increased under differentiation conditions. Therefore, depletion of three PKD genes was able to phenocopy PKD inhibition. Mechanistically, PKD inhibition activated PI3K/AKT signaling by increasing the level of AKT phosphorylation, and the addition of a PI3K/AKT signaling pathway inhibitor partially reduced the cellular response to PKD inhibition. Importantly, the self-renewal-promoting effect of CID was maintained in human ESCs. Simultaneous knockdown of the three human PKD isoforms enabled short-term self-renewal in human ESCs, whereas PI3K/AKT signaling inhibition eliminated this self-renewal ability downstream of the PKD inhibitor. These findings expand our understanding of the gene regulatory network of ESC pluripotency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhua Zhu
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, P.R. China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoxiao Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230001, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohu Wang
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, P.R. China
| | - Shou-Dong Ye
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, P.R. China
- Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, P.R. China
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17
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Xing QR, Farran CAE, Zeng YY, Yi Y, Warrier T, Gautam P, Collins JJ, Xu J, Dröge P, Koh CG, Li H, Zhang LF, Loh YH. Parallel bimodal single-cell sequencing of transcriptome and chromatin accessibility. Genome Res 2020; 30:1027-1039. [PMID: 32699019 PMCID: PMC7397874 DOI: 10.1101/gr.257840.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Joint profiling of transcriptome and chromatin accessibility within single cells allows for the deconstruction of the complex relationship between transcriptional states and upstream regulatory programs determining different cell fates. Here, we developed an automated method with high sensitivity, assay for single-cell transcriptome and accessibility regions (ASTAR-seq), for simultaneous measurement of whole-cell transcriptome and chromatin accessibility within the same single cell. To show the utility of ASTAR-seq, we profiled 384 mESCs under naive and primed pluripotent states as well as a two-cell like state, 424 human cells of various lineage origins (BJ, K562, JK1, and Jurkat), and 480 primary cord blood cells undergoing erythroblast differentiation. With the joint profiles, we configured the transcriptional and chromatin accessibility landscapes of discrete cell states, uncovered linked sets of cis-regulatory elements and target genes unique to each state, and constructed interactome and transcription factor (TF)–centered upstream regulatory networks for various cell states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Rui Xing
- Epigenetics and Cell Fates Laboratory, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR, Singapore 138673, Singapore.,School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Chadi A El Farran
- Epigenetics and Cell Fates Laboratory, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR, Singapore 138673, Singapore.,Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117558, Singapore
| | - Ying Ying Zeng
- Epigenetics and Cell Fates Laboratory, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR, Singapore 138673, Singapore.,School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Yao Yi
- Epigenetics and Cell Fates Laboratory, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR, Singapore 138673, Singapore.,Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117558, Singapore
| | - Tushar Warrier
- Epigenetics and Cell Fates Laboratory, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR, Singapore 138673, Singapore.,Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117558, Singapore
| | - Pradeep Gautam
- Epigenetics and Cell Fates Laboratory, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR, Singapore 138673, Singapore.,Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117558, Singapore
| | - James J Collins
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Department of Biological Engineering, and Synthetic Biology Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA.,Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Jian Xu
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117558, Singapore.,Department of Plant Systems Physiology, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Dröge
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Cheng-Gee Koh
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Hu Li
- Center for Individualized Medicine, Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA
| | - Li-Feng Zhang
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Yuin-Han Loh
- Epigenetics and Cell Fates Laboratory, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR, Singapore 138673, Singapore.,Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117558, Singapore.,NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore.,Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
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18
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Dalby E, Christensen SM, Wang J, Hamidzadeh K, Chandrasekaran P, Hughitt VK, Tafuri WL, Arantes RME, Rodrigues IA, Herbst R, El-Sayed NM, Sims GP, Mosser DM. Immune Complex-Driven Generation of Human Macrophages with Anti-Inflammatory and Growth-Promoting Activity. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 205:102-112. [PMID: 32434940 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1901382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
To maintain homeostasis, macrophages must be capable of assuming either an inflammatory or an anti-inflammatory phenotype. To better understand the latter, we stimulated human macrophages in vitro with TLR ligands in the presence of high-density immune complexes (IC). This combination of stimuli resulted in a broad suppression of inflammatory mediators and an upregulation of molecules involved in tissue remodeling and angiogenesis. Transcriptomic analysis of TLR stimulation in the presence of IC predicted the downstream activation of AKT and the inhibition of GSK3. Consequently, we pretreated LPS-stimulated human macrophages with small molecule inhibitors of GSK3 to partially phenocopy the regulatory effects of stimulation in the presence of IC. The upregulation of DC-STAMP and matrix metalloproteases was observed on these cells and may represent potential biomarkers for this regulatory activation state. To demonstrate the presence of these anti-inflammatory, growth-promoting macrophages in a human infectious disease, biopsies from patients with leprosy (Hanseniasis) were analyzed. The lepromatous form of this disease is characterized by hypergammaglobulinemia and defective cell-mediated immunity. Lesions in lepromatous leprosy contained macrophages with a regulatory phenotype expressing higher levels of DC-STAMP and lower levels of IL-12, relative to macrophages in tuberculoid leprosy lesions. Therefore, we propose that increased signaling by FcγR cross-linking on TLR-stimulated macrophages can paradoxically promote the resolution of inflammation and initiate processes critical to tissue growth and repair. It can also contribute to infectious disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Dalby
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742
| | - Stephen M Christensen
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742
| | - Jingya Wang
- Department of Respiratory, Inflammation, and Autoimmunity, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD 20878
| | - Kajal Hamidzadeh
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742
| | - Prabha Chandrasekaran
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742
| | - V Keith Hughitt
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742.,Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742
| | - Wagner Luiz Tafuri
- Department of General Pathology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil; and
| | - Rosa Maria Esteves Arantes
- Department of General Pathology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil; and
| | | | - Ronald Herbst
- Department of Respiratory, Inflammation, and Autoimmunity, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD 20878
| | - Najib M El-Sayed
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742.,Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742
| | - Gary P Sims
- Department of Respiratory, Inflammation, and Autoimmunity, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD 20878;
| | - David M Mosser
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742;
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19
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Xiong C, Wang M, Ling W, Xie D, Chu X, Li Y, Huang Y, Li T, Otieno E, Qiu X, Xiao X. Advances in Isolation and Culture of Chicken Embryonic Stem Cells In Vitro. Cell Reprogram 2020; 22:43-54. [PMID: 32150690 DOI: 10.1089/cell.2019.0080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Chicken embryonic stem cells (cESCs) isolated from the egg at the stage X hold great promise for cell therapy, tissue engineering, pharmaceutical, and biotechnological applications. They are considered to be pluripotent cells with the capacity to self-renewal and differentiate into specialized cells. However, long-term maintenance of cESCs cannot be realized now, which impedes the establishment of cESC line and limits their applications. Therefore, the separation locations, isolation methods, and culture conditions especially the supplements and action mechanisms of cytokines, including leukemia inhibitory factor, fibroblast growth factor, transforming growth factor beta, bone morphogenic protein, and activin for cESCs in vitro, have been reviewed here. These defined strategies will contribute to identify the key mechanism on the self-renewal of cESCs, facilitate to optimize system that supports the derivation and longtime maintenance of cESCs, establish the cESC line, and develop the biobank of genetic resources in chicken.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxia Xiong
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mingyu Wang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenhui Ling
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dengfeng Xie
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xinyue Chu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yunxin Li
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yun Huang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tong Li
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Edward Otieno
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Qiu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiong Xiao
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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20
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Wu B, Li L, Li B, Gao J, Chen Y, Wei M, Yang Z, Zhang B, Li S, Li K, Wang C, Surani MA, Li X, Tang F, Bao S. Activin A and BMP4 Signaling Expands Potency of Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells in Serum-Free Media. Stem Cell Reports 2020; 14:241-255. [PMID: 32032551 PMCID: PMC7013251 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2020.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Inhibitors of Mek1/2 and Gsk3β, known as 2i, and, together with leukemia inhibitory factor, enhance the derivation of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and promote ground-state pluripotency (2i/L-ESCs). However, recent reports show that prolonged Mek1/2 suppression impairs developmental potential of ESCs, and is rescued by serum (S/L-ESCs). Here, we show that culturing ESCs in Activin A and BMP4, and in the absence of MEK1/2 inhibitor (ABC/L medium), establishes advanced stem cells derived from ESCs (esASCs). We demonstrate that esASCs contributed to germline lineages, full-term chimeras and generated esASC-derived mice by tetraploid complementation. We show that, in contrast to 2i/L-ESCs, esASCs display distinct molecular signatures and a stable hypermethylated epigenome, which is reversible and similar to serum-cultured ESCs. Importantly, we also derived novel ASCs (blASCs) from blastocysts in ABC/L medium. Our results provide insights into the derivation of novel ESCs with DNA hypermethylation from blastocysts in chemically defined medium. Activin A and BMP4 expand potency of mouse ESCs ASCs are hypermethylated and with stable genomic imprints ASCs developmentally closed to E4.5–E6.5 in vivo epiblast Hypermethylated ASCs directly derived from blastocyst by ABC/L medium
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Affiliation(s)
- Baojiang Wu
- The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China; Research Center for Animal Genetic Resources of Mongolia Plateau, College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China; Inner Mongolia Saikexing Institute of Breeding and Reproductive Biotechnology in Domestic Animal, Huhhot 011517, China
| | - Lin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics and Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Bojiang Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Junpeng Gao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics and Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yanglin Chen
- The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China; Research Center for Animal Genetic Resources of Mongolia Plateau, College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China
| | - Mengyi Wei
- The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China; Research Center for Animal Genetic Resources of Mongolia Plateau, College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China
| | - Zhiqing Yang
- The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China; Research Center for Animal Genetic Resources of Mongolia Plateau, College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China
| | - Baojing Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China; Research Center for Animal Genetic Resources of Mongolia Plateau, College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China
| | - Shudong Li
- Cancer Research UK and Medical Research Council Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Kexin Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China
| | - Changshan Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China
| | - M Azim Surani
- Wellcome Trust Cancer Research UK Gurdon Institute, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QN, UK
| | - Xihe Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China; Research Center for Animal Genetic Resources of Mongolia Plateau, College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China; Inner Mongolia Saikexing Institute of Breeding and Reproductive Biotechnology in Domestic Animal, Huhhot 011517, China
| | - Fuchou Tang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics and Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Siqin Bao
- The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China; Research Center for Animal Genetic Resources of Mongolia Plateau, College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China.
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21
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Zhang Y, Zhu Z, Ding H, Wan S, Zhang X, Li Y, Ji J, Wang X, Zhang M, Ye SD. β-catenin stimulates Tcf7l1 degradation through recruitment of casein kinase 2 in mouse embryonic stem cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 524:280-287. [PMID: 31987502 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.01.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway by the inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) will induce Tcf7l1 protein degradation to effectively promote embryonic stem cell (ESC) self-renewal. However, the exact mechanism remains unclear. Here, we found that inhibition of casein kinase 2 (Csnk2) by TBB or DMAT was sufficient to block the reduction of the Tcf7l1 protein induced by CHIR99021, a specific inhibitor of GSK-3. Similarly, downregulation of Csnk2 increased the Tcf7l1 level. In contrast, overexpression of Csnk2 significantly decreased Tcf7l1 protein stability in mouse ESCs. Notably, Csnk2α1 controls Tcf7l1 turnover to a greater degree than the other two isoforms of Csnk2, Csnk2α2 and Csnk2β, as Csnk2α1-overexpressing mouse ESCs exhibited the lowest level of Tcf7l1. Csnk2α1 interacted with and phosphorylated Tcf7l1. In addition, the association of Csnk2α1 and Tcf7l1 was enhanced by CHIR99021. Our study demonstrated, for the first time, that Csnk2 is involved in Tcf7l1 turnover mediated by the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. These results expand our understanding of the function and circuit of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in ESCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences & Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, PR China
| | - Zhenhua Zhu
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences & Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, PR China
| | - Huiwen Ding
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences & Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, PR China
| | - Shengpeng Wan
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences & Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, PR China
| | - Xinbao Zhang
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences & Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, PR China
| | - Yuting Li
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences & Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, PR China
| | - Junxiang Ji
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences & Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, PR China
| | - Xin Wang
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences & Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, PR China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences & Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, PR China
| | - Shou-Dong Ye
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences & Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, PR China.
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22
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Li Y, Jiao J. Deficiency of TRPM2 leads to embryonic neurogenesis defects in hyperthermia. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eaay6350. [PMID: 31911949 PMCID: PMC6938698 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aay6350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Temperature homeostasis is critical for fetal development. The heat sensor protein TRPM2 (transient receptor potential channel M2) plays crucial roles in the heat response, but its function and specific mechanism in brain development remain largely unclear. Here, we observe that TRPM2 is expressed in neural stem cells. In hyperthermia, TRPM2 knockdown and knockout reduce the proliferation of neural progenitor cells (NPCs) and, accordingly, increase premature cortical neuron differentiation. In terms of the mechanism, TRPM2 regulates neural progenitor self-renewal by targeting SP5 (specificity protein 5) via inhibiting the phosphorylation of β-catenin and increasing β-catenin expression. Furthermore, the constitutive expression of TRPM2 or SP5 partly rescues defective NPC proliferation in the TRPM2-deficient embryonic brain. Together, the data suggest that TRPM2 has a critical function in maintaining the NPC pool during heat stress, and the findings provide a framework for understanding how the disruption of the TRPM2 gene may contribute to neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jianwei Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Corresponding author.
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23
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Fang Y, Guo J, Wu S, Li X, Zhao J, Li Y, Guo S, Mu Y, Kong Q, Liu Z. Cellular reprogramming by single-cell fusion with mouse embryonic stem cells in pig. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:3558-3568. [PMID: 31595493 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Fusion of differentiated somatic cells with pluripotent stem cells can be used for cellular reprogramming, but the efficiency to obtain hybrid cells is extremely low. Here, we explored a novel cell fusion system, termed single-cell fusion, the efficiency was significantly improved verified by fusion of mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs), comparing to traditional polyethylene glycol fusion. Then, we employed the optimized system to perform cell fusion of porcine embryonic fibroblasts (PEFs) and porcine pluripotent stem cells (pPSCs) with mESCs. The hybrid cells showed both red and green fluorescence and expressed species-specific genes of mouse and pig to evidence that the fusion was successful. The hybrid cells displayed characteristics similar with mESCs, including colony morphology, alkaline phosphatase positive and formation of embryoid body, and the expressions of core pluripotent factors OCT4, NANOG, and SOX2 of the pig were induced in the mESC/PEF hybrid cells. The results indicate PEFs and pPSCs could be reprogrammed by mESCs via the single-cell fusion. Taking advantage of the hybrid cells to investigate the signaling pathways depended on the pluripotency of pig, we suggest the transforming growth factor-β signaling pathways may play important roles. In summary, the single-cell fusion is highly efficient, and we believe in the future it will be widely used in the application and fundamental research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Fang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetic Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jia Guo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetic Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Shuang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetic Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xuechun Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetic Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jianchao Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetic Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yan Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetic Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Shimeng Guo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetic Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yanshuang Mu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetic Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Qingran Kong
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetic Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zhonghua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetic Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
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24
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Liu HW, Su YK, Bamodu OA, Hueng DY, Lee WH, Huang CC, Deng L, Hsiao M, Chien MH, Yeh CT, Lin CM. The Disruption of the β-Catenin/TCF-1/STAT3 Signaling Axis by 4-Acetylantroquinonol B Inhibits the Tumorigenesis and Cancer Stem-Cell-Like Properties of Glioblastoma Cells, In Vitro and In Vivo. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:E491. [PMID: 30563094 PMCID: PMC6315804 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10120491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma (GBM), a malignant form of glioma, is characterized by resistance to therapy and poor prognosis. Accumulating evidence shows that the initiation, propagation, and recurrence of GBM is attributable to the presence of GBM stem cells (GBM-CSCs). EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Herein, we investigated the effect of 4-Acetylantroquinonol B (4-AAQB), a bioactive isolate of Antrodia cinnamomea, on GBM cell viability, oncogenic, and CSCs-like activities. RESULTS We observed that aberrant expression of catenin is characteristic of GBM, compared to other glioma types (p = 0.0001, log-rank test = 475.2), and correlates with poor prognosis of GBM patients. Lower grade glioma and glioblastoma patients (n = 1152) with low catenin expression had 25% and 21.5% better overall survival than those with high catenin expression at the 5 and 10-year time-points, respectively (p = 3.57e-11, log-rank test = 43.8). Immunohistochemistry demonstrated that compared with adjacent non-tumor brain tissue, primary and recurrent GBM exhibited enhanced catenin expression (~10-fold, p < 0.001). Western blot analysis showed that 4-AAQB significantly downregulated β-catenin and dysregulated the catenin/LEF1/Stat3 signaling axis in U87MG and DBTRG-05MG cells, dose-dependently. 4-AAQB⁻induced downregulation of catenin positively correlated with reduced Sox2 and Oct4 nuclear expression in the cells. Furthermore, 4-AAQB markedly reduced the viability of U87MG and DBTRG-05MG cells with 48 h IC50 of 9.2 M and 12.5 M, respectively, effectively inhibited the nuclear catenin, limited the migration and invasion of GBM cells, with concurrent downregulation of catenin, vimentin, and slug; similarly, colony and tumorsphere formation was significantly attenuated with reduced expression of c-Myc and KLF4 proteins. CONCLUSIONS Summarily, we show for the first time that 4-AAQB suppresses the tumor-promoting catenin/LEF1/Stat3 signaling, and inhibited CSCs-induced oncogenic activities in GBM in vitro, with in vivo validation; thus projecting 4-AAQB as a potent therapeutic agent for anti-GBM target therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng-Wei Liu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 11031, Taiwan.
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 11031, Taiwan.
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan.
- Taipei Neuroscience Institute, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Kai Su
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 11031, Taiwan.
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 11031, Taiwan.
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan.
- Taipei Neuroscience Institute, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Oluwaseun Adebayo Bamodu
- Taipei Neuroscience Institute, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Research & Education, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan.
| | - Dueng-Yuan Hueng
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Wei-Hwa Lee
- Department of Pathology, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei 23561, Taiwan.
| | - Chun-Chih Huang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Chaoyang University of Technology, Taichung 41147, Taiwan.
| | - Li Deng
- Beijing Bioprocess Key Laboratory, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
- Amoy-BUCT Industrial Bio-technovation Institute, Amoy 361022, China.
| | - Michael Hsiao
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Hsien Chien
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Chi-Tai Yeh
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 11031, Taiwan.
- Taipei Neuroscience Institute, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Research & Education, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan.
| | - Chien-Min Lin
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 11031, Taiwan.
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 11031, Taiwan.
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan.
- Taipei Neuroscience Institute, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
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25
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Plyler ZE, Birket SE, Schultz BD, Hong JS, Rowe SM, Petty CF, Crowley MR, Crossman DK, Schoeb TR, Sorscher EJ. Non-obstructive vas deferens and epididymis loss in cystic fibrosis rats. Mech Dev 2018; 155:15-26. [PMID: 30391480 DOI: 10.1016/j.mod.2018.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
This study utilizes morphological and mechanistic endpoints to characterize the onset of bilateral atresia of the vas deferens in a recently derived cystic fibrosis (CF) rat model. Embryonic reproductive structures, including Wolffian (mesonephric) duct, Mullerian (paramesonephric) duct, mesonephric tubules, and gonad, were shown to mature normally through late embryogenesis, with involution of the vas deferens and/or epididymis typically occurring between birth and postnatal day 4 (P4), although timing and degree of atresia varied. No evidence of mucus obstruction, which is associated with pathology in other CF-affected tissues, was observed at any embryological or postnatal time point. Reduced epididymal coiling was noted post-partum and appeared to coincide with, or predate, loss of more distal vas deferens structure. Remarkably, α smooth muscle actin expression in cells surrounding duct epithelia was markedly diminished in CF animals by P2.5 when compared to wild type counterparts, indicating reduced muscle development. RNA-seq and immunohistochemical analysis of affected tissues showed disruption of developmental signaling by Wnt and related pathways. The findings have relevance to vas deferens loss in humans with CF, where timing of ductular damage is not well characterized and underlying mechanisms are not understood. If vas deferens atresia in humans begins in late gestation and continues through early postnatal life, emerging modulator therapies given perinatally might preserve and enhance integrity of the reproductive tract, which is otherwise absent or deficient in 97% of males with cystic fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z E Plyler
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - S E Birket
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - B D Schultz
- Department of Anatomy & Physiology, Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - J S Hong
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - S M Rowe
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - C F Petty
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - M R Crowley
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - D K Crossman
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - T R Schoeb
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - E J Sorscher
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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26
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Zhang Y, Wang D, Xu J, Wang Y, Ma F, Li Z, Liu N. Stat3 activation is critical for pluripotency maintenance. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:1044-1051. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology School of Medicine, Nankai University Tianjin China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University Tianjin China
| | - Dan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University Tianjin China
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology College of Life Sciences, Nankai University Tianjin China
| | - Jia Xu
- Department of Cell Biology School of Medicine, Nankai University Tianjin China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University Tianjin China
| | - Yuebing Wang
- Department of Cell Biology School of Medicine, Nankai University Tianjin China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University Tianjin China
| | - Fengxia Ma
- State Key Lab of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology & Hospital of Blood Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Tianjin China
| | - Zongjin Li
- Department of Cell Biology School of Medicine, Nankai University Tianjin China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University Tianjin China
| | - Na Liu
- Department of Cell Biology School of Medicine, Nankai University Tianjin China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University Tianjin China
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27
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Zhang Y, Ding H, Wang X, Ye SD. Modulation of STAT3 phosphorylation by PTPN2 inhibits naïve pluripotency of embryonic stem cells. FEBS Lett 2018; 592:2227-2237. [PMID: 29797458 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
STAT3 phosphorylation at tyrosine 705 (STAT3pY705 ), triggered by the addition of the leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), can maintain mouse embryonic stem cell (mESC) self-renewal and reprogram mouse epiblast stem cells (EpiSCs) to enter a naïve pluripotent state. The activation of STAT3pY705 occurs mainly through Janus kinases. However, it remains unclear how STAT3pY705 levels are decreased in mESCs. Our study shows that upregulation of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTPN2) inhibits STAT3 activity by reducing its phosphorylation level and promotes mESC differentiation, whereas PTPN2 knockout by CRISPR/CAS9 delays mESC differentiation. Consistently, PTPN2 knockdown facilitates the generation of mESC-like colonies in STAT3-overexpressing EpiSCs. PTPN2-mediated STAT3 activity, thus, contributes to the exit of ESCs from the pluripotent ground state. These findings expand the current understanding of the regulatory network of naïve pluripotency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, China
| | - Huiwen Ding
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaohu Wang
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, China
| | - Shou-Dong Ye
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, China
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28
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Jiao S, Liu Y, Yao Y, Teng J. miR-124 promotes proliferation and neural differentiation of neural stem cells through targeting DACT1 and activating Wnt/β-catenin pathways. Mol Cell Biochem 2018; 449:305-314. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-018-3367-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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29
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Ruan Y, He J, Wu W, He P, Tian Y, Xiao L, Liu G, Wang J, Cheng Y, Zhang S, Yang Y, Xiong J, Zhao K, Wan Y, Huang H, Zhang J, Jian R. Nac1 promotes self-renewal of embryonic stem cells through direct transcriptional regulation of c-Myc. Oncotarget 2018; 8:47607-47618. [PMID: 28548937 PMCID: PMC5564591 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The pluripotency transcriptional network in embryonic stem cells (ESCs) is composed of distinct functional units including the core and Myc units. It is hoped that dissection of the cellular functions and interconnections of network factors will aid our understanding of ESC and cancer biology. Proteomic and genomic approaches have identified Nac1 as a member of the core pluripotency network. However, previous studies have predominantly focused on the role of Nac1 in psychomotor stimulant response and cancer pathogenesis. In this study, we report that Nac1 is a self-renewal promoting factor, but is not required for maintaining pluripotency of ESCs. Loss of function of Nac1 in ESCs results in a reduced proliferation rate and an enhanced differentiation propensity. Nac1 overexpression promotes ESC proliferation and delays ESC differentiation in the absence of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF). Furthermore, we demonstrated that Nac1 directly binds to the c-Myc promoter and regulates c-Myc transcription. The study also revealed that the function of Nac1 in promoting ESC self-renewal appears to be partially mediated by c-Myc. These findings establish a functional link between the core and c-Myc-centered networks and provide new insights into mechanisms of stemness regulation in ESCs and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Ruan
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Developmental Biology, Department of Histology and Embryology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.,Biomedical Analysis Center, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Jianrong He
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Developmental Biology, Department of Histology and Embryology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Ping He
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yanping Tian
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Developmental Biology, Department of Histology and Embryology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Lan Xiao
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Developmental Biology, Department of Histology and Embryology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Gaoke Liu
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Developmental Biology, Department of Histology and Embryology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Jiali Wang
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Developmental Biology, Department of Histology and Embryology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yuda Cheng
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Developmental Biology, Department of Histology and Embryology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Developmental Biology, Department of Histology and Embryology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Experimental Center of Basic Medicine, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Jiaxiang Xiong
- Experimental Center of Basic Medicine, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Ke Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Ying Wan
- Biomedical Analysis Center, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - He Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Junlei Zhang
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Developmental Biology, Department of Histology and Embryology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Rui Jian
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Developmental Biology, Department of Histology and Embryology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
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30
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Sun H, You Y, Guo M, Wang X, Zhang Y, Ye S. Tfcp2l1 safeguards the maintenance of human embryonic stem cell self-renewal. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:6944-6951. [PMID: 29323720 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Tfcp2l1 is a transcription factor critical for mouse embryonic stem cell (mESC) maintenance. However, its role in human ESCs (hESCs) remains unclear. Here, we investigated the role of Tfcp2l1 in controlling hESC activity and showed that Tfcp2l1 is functionally important in the maintenance of hESC identity. Tfcp2l1 expression is highly enriched in hESCs and dramatically decreases upon differentiation. Forced expression of Tfcp2l1 promoted hESC self-renewal. Functional analysis of the mutant forms of Tfcp2l1 revealed that both the CP2- and SAM-like domains are indispensable for Tfcp2l1 to maintain the undifferentiated state of hESCs. Notably, the CP2-like domain is closely related to the suppression of definitive endoderm and mesoderm commitment. Accordingly, knockdown of Tfcp2l1 significantly induced differentiation preferentially into definitive endoderm and mesoderm. Further studies found that inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway by IWR1 is able to eliminate the differentiation caused by Tfcp2l1 downregulation. Taken together, these findings reveal the unique and crucial role of Tfcp2l1 in the determination of hESC fate and will expand our understanding of the self-renewal and differentiation circuitry in hESCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Sun
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, PR China
| | - Yu You
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, PR China
| | - Mengmeng Guo
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, PR China
| | - Xiaohu Wang
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, PR China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, PR China
| | - Shoudong Ye
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, PR China
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31
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The Pleiotropic Effects of the Canonical Wnt Pathway in Early Development and Pluripotency. Genes (Basel) 2018; 9:genes9020093. [PMID: 29443926 PMCID: PMC5852589 DOI: 10.3390/genes9020093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Revised: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The technology to derive embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells from early embryonic stages and adult somatic cells, respectively, emerged as a powerful resource to enable the establishment of new in vitro models, which recapitulate early developmental processes and disease. Additionally, pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) represent an invaluable source of relevant differentiated cell types with immense potential for regenerative medicine and cell replacement therapies. Pluripotent stem cells support self-renewal, potency and proliferation for extensive periods of culture in vitro. However, the core pathways that rule each of these cellular features specific to PSCs only recently began to be clarified. The Wnt signaling pathway is pivotal during early embryogenesis and is central for the induction and maintenance of the pluripotency of PSCs. Signaling by the Wnt family of ligands is conveyed intracellularly by the stabilization of β-catenin in the cytoplasm and in the nucleus, where it elicits the transcriptional activity of T-cell factor (TCF)/lymphoid enhancer factor (LEF) family of transcription factors. Interestingly, in PSCs, the Wnt/β-catenin–TCF/LEF axis has several unrelated and sometimes opposite cellular functions such as self-renewal, stemness, lineage commitment and cell cycle regulation. In addition, tight control of the Wnt signaling pathway enhances reprogramming of somatic cells to induced pluripotency. Several recent research efforts emphasize the pleiotropic functions of the Wnt signaling pathway in the pluripotent state. Nonetheless, conflicting results and unanswered questions still linger. In this review, we will focus on the diverse functions of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway on the developmental processes preceding embryo implantation, as well as on its roles in pluripotent stem cell biology such as self-renewal and cell cycle regulation and somatic cell reprogramming.
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32
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Ying QL, Smith A. The Art of Capturing Pluripotency: Creating the Right Culture. Stem Cell Reports 2018; 8:1457-1464. [PMID: 28591647 PMCID: PMC5470336 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2017.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Revised: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are a unique tool for genetic perturbation of mammalian cellular and organismal processes additionally in humans offer unprecedented opportunities for disease modeling and cell therapy. Furthermore, ESCs are a powerful system for exploring the fundamental biology of pluripotency. Indeed understanding the control of self-renewal and differentiation is key to realizing the potential of ESCs. Building on previous observations, we found that mouse ESCs can be derived and maintained with high efficiency through insulation from differentiation cues combined with consolidation of an innate cell proliferation program. This finding of a pluripotent ground state has led to conceptual and practical advances, including the establishment of germline-competent ESCs from recalcitrant mouse strains and for the first time from the rat. Here, we summarize historical and recent progress in defining the signaling environment that supports self-renewal. We compare the contrasting requirements of two types of pluripotent stem cell, naive ESCs and primed post-implantation epiblast stem cells (EpiSCs), and consider the outstanding challenge of generating naive pluripotent stem cells from different mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Long Ying
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research at USC, Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
| | - Austin Smith
- Wellcome Trust - Medical Research Council Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QR, UK; Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1GA, UK.
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33
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Chen X, Wang R, Liu X, Wu Y, Zhou T, Yang Y, Perez A, Chen YC, Hu L, Chadarevian JP, Assadieskandar A, Zhang C, Ying QL. A Chemical-Genetic Approach Reveals the Distinct Roles of GSK3α and GSK3β in Regulating Embryonic Stem Cell Fate. Dev Cell 2018; 43:563-576.e4. [PMID: 29207259 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2017.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Revised: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) plays a central role in diverse cellular processes. GSK3 has two mammalian isozymes, GSK3α and GSK3β, whose functions remain ill-defined because of a lack of inhibitors that can distinguish between the two highly homologous isozymes. Here, we show that GSK3α and GSK3β can be selectively inhibited in mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) using a chemical-genetic approach. Selective inhibition of GSK3β is sufficient to maintain mouse ESC self-renewal, whereas GSK3α inhibition promotes mouse ESC differentiation toward neural lineages. Genome-wide transcriptional analysis reveals that GSK3α and GSK3β have distinct sets of downstream targets. Furthermore, selective inhibition of individual GSK3 isozymes yields distinct phenotypes from gene deletion, highlighting the power of the chemical-genetic approach in dissecting kinase catalytic functions from the protein's scaffolding functions. Our study opens new avenues for defining GSK3 isozyme-specific functions in various cellular processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research at USC, Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Ruizhe Wang
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research at USC, Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Xu Liu
- Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute & Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Yongming Wu
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research at USC, Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Tao Zhou
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research at USC, Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Yujia Yang
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research at USC, Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Andrew Perez
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research at USC, Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Ying-Chu Chen
- Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute & Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Liang Hu
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research at USC, Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Jean Paul Chadarevian
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research at USC, Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Amir Assadieskandar
- Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute & Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Chao Zhang
- Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute & Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
| | - Qi-Long Ying
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research at USC, Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
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34
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The WNT target SP5 negatively regulates WNT transcriptional programs in human pluripotent stem cells. Nat Commun 2017; 8:1034. [PMID: 29044119 PMCID: PMC5647328 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01203-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway is a prominent player in many developmental processes, including gastrulation, anterior-posterior axis specification, organ and tissue development, and homeostasis. Here, we use human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) to study the dynamics of the transcriptional response to exogenous activation of the WNT pathway. We describe a mechanism involving the WNT target gene SP5 that leads to termination of the transcriptional program initiated by WNT signaling. Integration of gene expression profiles of wild-type and SP5 mutant cells with genome-wide SP5 binding events reveals that SP5 acts to diminish expression of genes previously activated by the WNT pathway. Furthermore, we show that activation of SP5 by WNT signaling is most robust in cells with developmental potential, such as stem cells. These findings indicate a mechanism by which the developmental WNT signaling pathway reins in expression of transcriptional programs.
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35
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Liu K, Zhang Y, Liu D, Ying QL, Ye S. TFCP2L1 represses multiple lineage commitment of mouse embryonic stem cells through MTA1 and LEF1. J Cell Sci 2017; 130:3809-3817. [PMID: 28982712 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.206532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
TFCP2L1 is a transcription factor that is crucial for self-renewal of mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs). How TFCP2L1 maintains the pluripotent state of mESCs, however, remains unknown. Here, we show that knockdown of Tfcp2l1 in mESCs induces the expression of endoderm, mesoderm and trophectoderm markers. Functional analysis of mutant forms of TFCP2L1 revealed that TFCP2L1 depends on its N-terminus and CP2-like domain to maintain the undifferentiated state of mESCs. The N-terminus of TFCP2L1 is mainly associated with the suppression of mesoderm and trophectoderm differentiation, while the CP2-like domain is closely related to the suppression of endoderm commitment. Further studies showed that MTA1 directly interacts with TFCP2L1 and is indispensable for the TFCP2L1-mediated self-renewal-promoting effect and endoderm-inhibiting action. TFCP2L1-mediated suppression of mesoderm and trophectoderm differentiation, however, seems to be due to downregulation of Lef1 expression. Our study thus provides an expanded understanding of the function of TFCP2L1 and the pluripotency regulation network of ESCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuisheng Liu
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, PR China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, PR China
| | - Dahai Liu
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, PR China
| | - Qi-Long Ying
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research at USC, Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Shoudong Ye
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, PR China
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36
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Tang L, Wang M, Liu D, Gong M, Ying QL, Ye S. Sp5 induces the expression of Nanog to maintain mouse embryonic stem cell self-renewal. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0185714. [PMID: 28961274 PMCID: PMC5621696 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0185714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) by leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) maintains mouse embryonic stem cell (mESC) self-renewal. Our previous study showed that trans-acting transcription factor 5 (Sp5), an LIF/STAT3 downstream target, supports mESC self-renewal. However, the mechanism by which Sp5 exerts these effects remains elusive. Here, we found that Nanog is a direct target of Sp5 and mediates the self-renewal-promoting effect of Sp5 in mESCs. Overexpression of Sp5 induced Nanog expression, while knockdown or knockout of Sp5 decreased the Nanog level. Moreover, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays showed that Sp5 directly bound to the Nanog promoter. Functional studies revealed that knockdown of Nanog eliminated the mESC self-renewal-promoting ability of Sp5. Finally, we demonstrated that the self-renewal-promoting function of Sp5 was largely dependent on its zinc finger domains. Taken together, our study provides unrecognized functions of Sp5 in mESCs and will expand our current understanding of the regulation of mESC pluripotency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Tang
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Science, Anhui University, Hefei, PR China
| | - Manman Wang
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Science, Anhui University, Hefei, PR China
| | - Dahai Liu
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Science, Anhui University, Hefei, PR China
| | - Mengting Gong
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Science, Anhui University, Hefei, PR China
| | - Qi-Long Ying
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research at USC, Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Shoudong Ye
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Science, Anhui University, Hefei, PR China
- * E-mail:
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37
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Pluripotency Surveillance by Myc-Driven Competitive Elimination of Differentiating Cells. Dev Cell 2017; 42:585-599.e4. [PMID: 28919206 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2017.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Revised: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The mammalian epiblast is formed by pluripotent cells able to differentiate into all tissues of the new individual. In their progression to differentiation, epiblast cells and their in vitro counterparts, embryonic stem cells (ESCs), transit from naive pluripotency through a differentiation-primed pluripotent state. During these events, epiblast cells and ESCs are prone to death, driven by competition between Myc-high cells (winners) and Myc-low cells (losers). Using live tracking of Myc levels, we show that Myc-high ESCs approach the naive pluripotency state, whereas Myc-low ESCs are closer to the differentiation-primed state. In ESC colonies, naive cells eliminate differentiating cells by cell competition, which is determined by a limitation in the time losers are able to survive persistent contact with winners. In the mouse embryo, cell competition promotes pluripotency maintenance by elimination of primed lineages before gastrulation. The mechanism described here is relevant to mammalian embryo development and induced pluripotency.
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38
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Wang M, Tang L, Liu D, Ying QL, Ye S. The transcription factor Gbx2 induces expression of Kruppel-like factor 4 to maintain and induce naïve pluripotency of embryonic stem cells. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:17121-17128. [PMID: 28848051 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.803254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Revised: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor Gbx2 (gastrulation brain homeobox 2) is a direct target of the LIF/STAT3 signaling pathway, maintains mouse embryonic stem cell (mESC) self-renewal, and facilitates mouse epiblast stem cell (mEpiSC) reprogramming to naïve pluripotency. However, the mechanism by which Gbx2 mediates its effects on pluripotency remains unknown. Here, using an RNA-Seq approach, we identified Klf4 (Kruppel-like factor 4) as a direct target of Gbx2. Functional studies indicated that Klf4 mediates the self-renewal-promoting effects of Gbx2, because knockdown of Klf4 expression abrogated the ability of Gbx2 to maintain the undifferentiated state of mESCs. We also found that Gbx2 largely depends on Klf4 to reprogram mEpiSCs to a mESC-like state. In summary, our study has uncovered a mechanism by which Gbx2 maintains and induces naïve pluripotency. These findings expand our understanding of the pluripotency control network and may inform the development of culture conditions for improved ESC maintenance and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manman Wang
- From the Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China and
| | - Ling Tang
- From the Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China and
| | - Dahai Liu
- From the Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China and
| | - Qi-Long Ying
- the Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research at USC, Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90033
| | - Shoudong Ye
- From the Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China and
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39
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Zhao H, Jin Y. Signaling networks in the control of pluripotency. Curr Opin Genet Dev 2017; 46:141-148. [PMID: 28806594 DOI: 10.1016/j.gde.2017.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Revised: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are characterized by their ability of unlimited self-renewal in vitro and pluripotent developmental potential, which endows them with great values in basic research and future clinical application. However, realization of full potential of ESCs is dependent on the elucidation of molecular mechanisms governing ESCs, among which signaling pathways play critical roles. A great deal of efforts has been made in the past decades to understand what and how signaling pathways contribute to the establishment and maintenance of pluripotency. In this review, we discuss signaling networks in both mouse and human ESCs, focusing on signals involved in the control of self-renewal and differentiation. In addition, the modulation of signaling pathways by pluripotency-associated transcription factors is also briefly summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanzhi Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences/Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Jin
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences/Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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40
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Zimmerlin L, Park TS, Zambidis ET. Capturing Human Naïve Pluripotency in the Embryo and in the Dish. Stem Cells Dev 2017; 26:1141-1161. [PMID: 28537488 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2017.0055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Although human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) were first derived almost 20 years ago, it was only recently acknowledged that they share closer molecular and functional identity to postimplantation lineage-primed murine epiblast stem cells than to naïve preimplantation inner cell mass-derived mouse ESCs (mESCs). A myriad of transcriptional, epigenetic, biochemical, and metabolic attributes have now been described that distinguish naïve and primed pluripotent states in both rodents and humans. Conventional hESCs and human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) appear to lack many of the defining hallmarks of naïve mESCs. These include important features of the naïve ground state murine epiblast, such as an open epigenetic architecture, reduced lineage-primed gene expression, and chimera and germline competence following injection into a recipient blastocyst-stage embryo. Several transgenic and chemical methods were recently reported that appear to revert conventional human PSCs to mESC-like ground states. However, it remains unclear if subtle deviations in global transcription, cell signaling dependencies, and extent of epigenetic/metabolic shifts in these various human naïve-reverted pluripotent states represent true functional differences or alternatively the existence of distinct human pluripotent states along a spectrum. In this study, we review the current understanding and developmental features of various human pluripotency-associated phenotypes and discuss potential biological mechanisms that may support stable maintenance of an authentic epiblast-like ground state of human pluripotency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludovic Zimmerlin
- 1 Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore, Maryland.,2 Division of Pediatric Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins , Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Tea Soon Park
- 1 Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore, Maryland.,2 Division of Pediatric Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins , Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Elias T Zambidis
- 1 Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore, Maryland.,2 Division of Pediatric Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins , Baltimore, Maryland
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41
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Alteration of SHP-1/p-STAT3 Signaling: A Potential Target for Anticancer Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18061234. [PMID: 28594363 PMCID: PMC5486057 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18061234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Revised: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The Src homology 2 (SH2) domain-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 1 (SHP-1), a non-receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase, has been reported as a negative regulator of phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and linked to tumor development. In this present review, we will discuss the importance and function of SHP-1/p-STAT3 signaling in nonmalignant conditions as well as malignancies, its cross-talk with other pathways, the current clinical development and the potential role of inhibitors of this pathway in anticancer therapy and clinical relevance of SHP-1/p-STAT3 in cancers. Lastly, we will summarize and highlight work involving novel drugs/compounds targeting SHP-1/p-STAT3 signaling and combined strategies that were/are discovered in our and our colleagues’ laboratories.
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42
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The Induction of Selected Wnt Target Genes by Tcf1 Mediates Generation of Tumorigenic Colon Stem Cells. Cell Rep 2017; 19:981-994. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2016] [Revised: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
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43
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Ye S, Zhang T, Tong C, Zhou X, He K, Ban Q, Liu D, Ying QL. Depletion of Tcf3 and Lef1 maintains mouse embryonic stem cell self-renewal. Biol Open 2017; 6:511-517. [PMID: 28288968 PMCID: PMC5399551 DOI: 10.1242/bio.022426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Mouse and rat embryonic stem cell (ESC) self-renewal can be maintained by dual inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) and mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK). Inhibition of GSK3 promotes ESC self-renewal by abrogating T-cell factor 3 (TCF3)-mediated repression of the pluripotency network. How inhibition of MEK mediates ESC self-renewal, however, remains largely unknown. Here, we show that inhibition of MEK can significantly suppress lymphoid enhancer factor 1 (LEF1) expression in mouse ESCs. Knockdown or knockout of Lef1 partially mimics the self-renewal-promoting effect of MEK inhibitors. Moreover, depletion of both Tcf3 and Lef1 enables maintenance of undifferentiated mouse ESCs without exogenous factors, cytokines or inhibitors. Transcriptome resequencing analysis reveals that LEF1 is closely associated with endoderm specification in ESCs. Thus, our study adds support to the notion that the key to maintaining the ESC ground state is to shield ESCs from differentiative cues. Summary: Depletion of Lef1 and Tcf3 shows that ESCs could be shielded from differentiative cues to maintain the ESC ground state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoudong Ye
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, People's Republic of China.,Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research at USC, Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Tao Zhang
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang Tong
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research at USC, Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Xingliang Zhou
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research at USC, Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Kan He
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Ban
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, People's Republic of China
| | - Dahai Liu
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi-Long Ying
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research at USC, Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
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44
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Ye S, Zhang D, Cheng F, Wilson D, Mackay J, He K, Ban Q, Lv F, Huang S, Liu D, Ying QL. Wnt/β-catenin and LIF–Stat3 signaling pathways converge on Sp5 to promote mouse embryonic stem cell self-renewal. Development 2016. [DOI: 10.1242/dev.135210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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