1
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Godel-Pastre S, Porcel E, Pinna G, Vandamme M, Denis C, Leterrier C, Doris E, Truillet C, Gravel E. Tumor-Targeted Perfluorinated Micelles as Efficient Theranostic Agents Combining Positron Emission Tomography and Radiosensitization. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:21557-21570. [PMID: 38648555 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c00910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
We report the synthesis of biocompatible perfluorinated micelles designed to improve radiotherapeutic efficacy in a radioresistant tumor environment. In vitro and in vivo behaviors of perfluorinated micelles were assessed at both cellular and tissular levels. The micellar platform offers key advantages as theranostic tool: (i) small size, allowing deep tissue penetration; (ii) oxygen transport to hypoxic tissues; (iii) negligible toxicity in the absence of ionizing radiation; (iv) internalization into cancer cells; (v) potent radiosensitizing effect; and (vi) excellent tumor-targeting properties, as monitored by positron emission tomography. We have demonstrated strong in vitro radiosensitizing effects of the micelle and in vivo tumor targeting, making this nanometric carrier a promising tool for the potentiation of focused radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Godel-Pastre
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), SCBM, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Inserm, BioMaps, Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot, 4 place du Général Leclerc, 91401 Orsay, France
| | - Erika Porcel
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS,Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay, 91401 Orsay, France
| | - Guillaume Pinna
- Plateforme ARN Interférence (PARI), Institut de Radiobiologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire (iRCM), Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, 92260 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Marie Vandamme
- Plateforme ARN Interférence (PARI), Institut de Radiobiologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire (iRCM), Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, 92260 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Caroline Denis
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Inserm, BioMaps, Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot, 4 place du Général Leclerc, 91401 Orsay, France
| | - Claire Leterrier
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), SCBM, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Eric Doris
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), SCBM, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Charles Truillet
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Inserm, BioMaps, Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot, 4 place du Général Leclerc, 91401 Orsay, France
| | - Edmond Gravel
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), SCBM, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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2
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Bertillot F, Andrique L, Ureña Martin C, Zajac O, de Plater L, Norton MM, Richard A, Alessandri K, Gurchenkov BG, Fage F, Asnacios A, Lamaze C, Das M, Maître JL, Nassoy P, Matic Vignjevic D. Compressive stress triggers fibroblasts spreading over cancer cells to generate carcinoma in situ organization. Commun Biol 2024; 7:184. [PMID: 38360973 PMCID: PMC10869726 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-05883-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
At the early stage of tumor progression, fibroblasts are located at the outer edges of the tumor, forming an encasing layer around it. In this work, we have developed a 3D in vitro model where fibroblasts' layout resembles the structure seen in carcinoma in situ. We use a microfluidic encapsulation technology to co-culture fibroblasts and cancer cells within hollow, permeable, and elastic alginate shells. We find that in the absence of spatial constraint, fibroblasts and cancer cells do not mix but segregate into distinct aggregates composed of individual cell types. However, upon confinement, fibroblasts enwrap cancer cell spheroid. Using a combination of biophysical methods and live imaging, we find that buildup of compressive stress is required to induce fibroblasts spreading over the aggregates of tumor cells. We propose that compressive stress generated by the tumor growth might be a mechanism that prompts fibroblasts to form a capsule around the tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabien Bertillot
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR 144, F-75005, Paris, France
- Department of Cell and Tissue Dynamics, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Laetitia Andrique
- LP2N, Laboratoire Photonique Numérique et Nanosciences, Univ. Bordeaux, F-33400, Talence, France
- Institut d'Optique Graduate School & CNRS UMR 5298, F-33400, Talence, France
- VoxCell, TBM-Core, CNRS UMS 3427 & INSERM US 005, Univ. Bordeaux, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Carlos Ureña Martin
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR3666-INSERM U1143, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Zajac
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR 144, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Ludmilla de Plater
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, U934/UMR3215, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Michael M Norton
- VoxCell, TBM-Core, CNRS UMS 3427 & INSERM US 005, Univ. Bordeaux, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Aurélien Richard
- LP2N, Laboratoire Photonique Numérique et Nanosciences, Univ. Bordeaux, F-33400, Talence, France
- Institut d'Optique Graduate School & CNRS UMR 5298, F-33400, Talence, France
- VoxCell, TBM-Core, CNRS UMS 3427 & INSERM US 005, Univ. Bordeaux, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Kevin Alessandri
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR 144, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Basile G Gurchenkov
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR 144, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Florian Fage
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR7057, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Atef Asnacios
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR7057, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Christophe Lamaze
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR3666-INSERM U1143, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Moumita Das
- Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Jean- Léon Maître
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, U934/UMR3215, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Nassoy
- LP2N, Laboratoire Photonique Numérique et Nanosciences, Univ. Bordeaux, F-33400, Talence, France.
- Institut d'Optique Graduate School & CNRS UMR 5298, F-33400, Talence, France.
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3
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Barbazan J, Pérez-González C, Gómez-González M, Dedenon M, Richon S, Latorre E, Serra M, Mariani P, Descroix S, Sens P, Trepat X, Vignjevic DM. Cancer-associated fibroblasts actively compress cancer cells and modulate mechanotransduction. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6966. [PMID: 37907483 PMCID: PMC10618488 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42382-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
During tumor progression, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) accumulate in tumors and produce an excessive extracellular matrix (ECM), forming a capsule that enwraps cancer cells. This capsule acts as a barrier that restricts tumor growth leading to the buildup of intratumoral pressure. Combining genetic and physical manipulations in vivo with microfabrication and force measurements in vitro, we found that the CAFs capsule is not a passive barrier but instead actively compresses cancer cells using actomyosin contractility. Abrogation of CAFs contractility in vivo leads to the dissipation of compressive forces and impairment of capsule formation. By mapping CAF force patterns in 3D, we show that compression is a CAF-intrinsic property independent of cancer cell growth. Supracellular coordination of CAFs is achieved through fibronectin cables that serve as scaffolds allowing force transmission. Cancer cells mechanosense CAF compression, resulting in an altered localization of the transcriptional regulator YAP and a decrease in proliferation. Our study unveils that the contractile capsule actively compresses cancer cells, modulates their mechanical signaling, and reorganizes tumor morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Barbazan
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR 144, F-75005, Paris, France
- Translational Medical Oncology Group (ONCOMET), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela (SERGAS), 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | | | - Manuel Gómez-González
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology (BIST), 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mathieu Dedenon
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR 168, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Richon
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR 144, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Ernest Latorre
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology (BIST), 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marco Serra
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR 168, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Pascale Mariani
- Institut Curie, Department of surgical oncology, Curie Institute, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Stéphanie Descroix
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR 168, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Sens
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR 168, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Xavier Trepat
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology (BIST), 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
- Facutltat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036, Barcelona, Spain.
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
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4
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Chhabra Y, Weeraratna AT. Fibroblasts in cancer: Unity in heterogeneity. Cell 2023; 186:1580-1609. [PMID: 37059066 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Tumor cells do not exist in isolation in vivo, and carcinogenesis depends on the surrounding tumor microenvironment (TME), composed of a myriad of cell types and biophysical and biochemical components. Fibroblasts are integral in maintaining tissue homeostasis. However, even before a tumor develops, pro-tumorigenic fibroblasts in close proximity can provide the fertile 'soil' to the cancer 'seed' and are known as cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). In response to intrinsic and extrinsic stressors, CAFs reorganize the TME enabling metastasis, therapeutic resistance, dormancy and reactivation by secreting cellular and acellular factors. In this review, we summarize the recent discoveries on CAF-mediated cancer progression with a particular focus on fibroblast heterogeneity and plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yash Chhabra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
| | - Ashani T Weeraratna
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
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5
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Mazzaglia C, Sheng Y, Rodrigues LN, Lei IM, Shields JD, Huang YYS. Deployable extrusion bioprinting of compartmental tumoroids with cancer associated fibroblasts for immune cell interactions. Biofabrication 2023; 15:025005. [PMID: 36626838 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/acb1db] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Realizing the translational impacts of three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting for cancer research necessitates innovation in bioprinting workflows which integrate affordability, user-friendliness, and biological relevance. Herein, we demonstrate 'BioArm', a simple, yet highly effective extrusion bioprinting platform, which can be folded into a carry-on pack, and rapidly deployed between bio-facilities. BioArm enabled the reconstruction of compartmental tumoroids with cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), forming the shell of each tumoroid. The 3D printed core-shell tumoroids showedde novosynthesized extracellular matrices, and enhanced cellular proliferation compared to the tumour alone 3D printed spheroid culture. Further, thein vivophenotypes of CAFs normally lost after conventional 2D co-culture re-emerged in the bioprinted model. Embedding the 3D printed tumoroids in an immune cell-laden collagen matrix permitted tracking of the interaction between immune cells and tumoroids, and subsequent simulated immunotherapy treatments. Our deployable extrusion bioprinting workflow could significantly widen the accessibility of 3D bioprinting for replicating multi-compartmental architectures of tumour microenvironment, and for developing strategies in cancer drug testing in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yaqi Sheng
- The Nanoscience Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Iek Man Lei
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Jacqueline D Shields
- MRC Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Comprehensive Cancer Centre, King's College London, Great Maze Pond, London, United Kingdom
| | - Yan Yan Shery Huang
- The Nanoscience Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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6
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Margadant C. Cell Migration in Three Dimensions. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2608:1-14. [PMID: 36653698 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2887-4_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Cell migration plays an essential role in many pathophysiological processes, including embryonic development, wound healing, immunity, and cancer invasion, and is therefore a widely studied phenomenon in many different fields from basic cell biology to regenerative medicine. During the past decades, a multitude of increasingly complex methods have been developed to study cell migration. Here we compile a series of current state-of-the-art methods and protocols to investigate cell migration in a variety of model systems ranging from cells, organoids, tissue explants, and microfluidic systems to Drosophila, zebrafish, and mice. Together they cover processes as diverse as nuclear deformation, energy consumption, endocytic trafficking, and matrix degradation, as well as tumor vascularization and cancer cell invasion, sprouting angiogenesis, and leukocyte extravasation. Furthermore, methods to study developmental processes such as neural tube closure, germ layer specification, and branching morphogenesis are included, as well as scripts for the automated analysis of several aspects of cell migration. Together, this book constitutes a unique collection of methods of prime importance to those interested in the analysis of cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coert Margadant
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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7
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Staneva R, Clark AG. Analysis of Collective Migration Patterns Within Tumors. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2608:305-323. [PMID: 36653715 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2887-4_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Metastasis is a hallmark of cancer and the leading cause of mortality among cancer patients. Cancer, in its most deadly form, is thus not only a disease of uncontrolled cell growth but also a disease of uncontrolled cell migration. The study of tumor cell migration requires both experimental systems that are representative of the complex tumor environment as well as quantitative tools to analyze migration patterns. In this chapter, we focus on experimental and analytical methods to capture and analyze cell migration in live explants from mouse intestinal tumors. We first describe a protocol to extract and perform ex vivo live imaging on intestinal tumors in mice. We then provide a step-by-step image analysis workflow using freely available software and custom analysis scripts for extracting several parameters related to collective cell migration and cell and tissue organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralitza Staneva
- CNRS, UMR 144 - Cell Biology and Cancer, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris, France.,CNRS UMR 3738, Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Andrew G Clark
- University of Stuttgart, Institute of Cell Biology and Immunology, Stuttgart, Germany. .,University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart Research Center Systems Biology, Stuttgart, Germany. .,University of Tübingen, Center for Personalized Medicine, Tübingen, Germany.
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8
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Elosegui-Artola A, Gupta A, Najibi AJ, Seo BR, Garry R, Tringides CM, de Lázaro I, Darnell M, Gu W, Zhou Q, Weitz DA, Mahadevan L, Mooney DJ. Matrix viscoelasticity controls spatiotemporal tissue organization. NATURE MATERIALS 2023; 22:117-127. [PMID: 36456871 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-022-01400-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 72.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Biomolecular and physical cues of the extracellular matrix environment regulate collective cell dynamics and tissue patterning. Nonetheless, how the viscoelastic properties of the matrix regulate collective cell spatial and temporal organization is not fully understood. Here we show that the passive viscoelastic properties of the matrix encapsulating a spheroidal tissue of breast epithelial cells guide tissue proliferation in space and in time. Matrix viscoelasticity prompts symmetry breaking of the spheroid, leading to the formation of invading finger-like protrusions, YAP nuclear translocation and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition both in vitro and in vivo in a Arp2/3-complex-dependent manner. Computational modelling of these observations allows us to establish a phase diagram relating morphological stability with matrix viscoelasticity, tissue viscosity, cell motility and cell division rate, which is experimentally validated by biochemical assays and in vitro experiments with an intestinal organoid. Altogether, this work highlights the role of stress relaxation mechanisms in tissue growth dynamics, a fundamental process in morphogenesis and oncogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Elosegui-Artola
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain
- Cell and Tissue Mechanobiology Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
- Department of Physics, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Anupam Gupta
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
| | - Alexander J Najibi
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Bo Ri Seo
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ryan Garry
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Christina M Tringides
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Harvard Program in Biophysics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Harvard-MIT Division in Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Irene de Lázaro
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Max Darnell
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Wei Gu
- Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Qiao Zhou
- Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - David A Weitz
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - L Mahadevan
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - David J Mooney
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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9
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Cai G, Nguyen A, Bashirzadeh Y, Lin SS, Bi D, Liu AP. Compressive stress drives adhesion-dependent unjamming transitions in breast cancer cell migration. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:933042. [PMID: 36268514 PMCID: PMC9577106 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.933042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular unjamming is the collective fluidization of cell motion and has been linked to many biological processes, including development, wound repair, and tumor growth. In tumor growth, the uncontrolled proliferation of cancer cells in a confined space generates mechanical compressive stress. However, because multiple cellular and molecular mechanisms may be operating simultaneously, the role of compressive stress in unjamming transitions during cancer progression remains unknown. Here, we investigate which mechanism dominates in a dense, mechanically stressed monolayer. We find that long-term mechanical compression triggers cell arrest in benign epithelial cells and enhances cancer cell migration in transitions correlated with cell shape, leading us to examine the contributions of cell–cell adhesion and substrate traction in unjamming transitions. We show that cadherin-mediated cell–cell adhesion regulates differential cellular responses to compressive stress and is an important driver of unjamming in stressed monolayers. Importantly, compressive stress does not induce the epithelial–mesenchymal transition in unjammed cells. Furthermore, traction force microscopy reveals the attenuation of traction stresses in compressed cells within the bulk monolayer regardless of cell type and motility. As traction within the bulk monolayer decreases with compressive pressure, cancer cells at the leading edge of the cell layer exhibit sustained traction under compression. Together, strengthened intercellular adhesion and attenuation of traction forces within the bulk cell sheet under compression lead to fluidization of the cell layer and may impact collective cell motion in tumor development and breast cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace Cai
- Applied Physics Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Anh Nguyen
- Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Yashar Bashirzadeh
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Shan-Shan Lin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Dapeng Bi
- Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Allen P. Liu
- Applied Physics Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Department of Biophysics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- *Correspondence: Allen P. Liu,
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10
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Sawai S, Wong PF, Ramasamy TS. Hypoxia-regulated microRNAs: the molecular drivers of tumor progression. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 2022; 57:351-376. [PMID: 35900938 DOI: 10.1080/10409238.2022.2088684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia is a common feature of the tumor microenvironment (TME) of nearly all solid tumors, leading to therapeutic failure. The changes in stiffness of the extracellular matrix (ECM), pH gradients, and chemical balance that contribute to multiple cancer hallmarks are closely regulated by intratumoral oxygen tension via its primary mediators, hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs). HIFs, especially HIF-1α, influence these changes in the TME by regulating vital cancer-associated signaling pathways and cellular processes including MAPK/ERK, NF-κB, STAT3, PI3K/Akt, Wnt, p53, and glycolysis. Interestingly, research has revealed the involvement of epigenetic regulation by hypoxia-regulated microRNAs (HRMs) of downstream target genes involved in these signaling. Through literature search and analysis, we identified 48 HRMs that have a functional role in the regulation of 5 key cellular processes: proliferation, metabolism, survival, invasion and migration, and immunoregulation in various cancers in hypoxic condition. Among these HRMs, 17 were identified to be directly associated with HIFs which include miR-135b, miR-145, miR-155, miR-181a, miR-182, miR-210, miR-224, miR-301a, and miR-675-5p as oncomiRNAs, and miR-100-5p, miR-138, miR-138-5p, miR-153, miR-22, miR-338-3p, miR-519d-3p, and miR-548an as tumor suppressor miRNAs. These HRMs serve as a potential lead in the development of miRNA-based targeted therapy for advanced solid tumors. Future development of combined HIF-targeted and miRNA-targeted therapy is possible, which requires comprehensive profiling of HIFs-HRMs regulatory network, and improved formula of the delivery vehicles to enhance the therapeutic kinetics of the targeted cancer therapy (TCT) moving forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakunie Sawai
- Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Pooi-Fong Wong
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Thamil Selvee Ramasamy
- Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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11
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Spatiotemporal analysis of glioma heterogeneity reveals COL1A1 as an actionable target to disrupt tumor progression. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3606. [PMID: 35750880 PMCID: PMC9232499 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31340-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Intra-tumoral heterogeneity is a hallmark of glioblastoma that challenges treatment efficacy. However, the mechanisms that set up tumor heterogeneity and tumor cell migration remain poorly understood. Herein, we present a comprehensive spatiotemporal study that aligns distinctive intra-tumoral histopathological structures, oncostreams, with dynamic properties and a specific, actionable, spatial transcriptomic signature. Oncostreams are dynamic multicellular fascicles of spindle-like and aligned cells with mesenchymal properties, detected using ex vivo explants and in vivo intravital imaging. Their density correlates with tumor aggressiveness in genetically engineered mouse glioma models, and high grade human gliomas. Oncostreams facilitate the intra-tumoral distribution of tumoral and non-tumoral cells, and potentially the collective invasion of the normal brain. These fascicles are defined by a specific molecular signature that regulates their organization and function. Oncostreams structure and function depend on overexpression of COL1A1. Col1a1 is a central gene in the dynamic organization of glioma mesenchymal transformation, and a powerful regulator of glioma malignant behavior. Inhibition of Col1a1 eliminates oncostreams, reprograms the malignant histopathological phenotype, reduces expression of the mesenchymal associated genes, induces changes in the tumor microenvironment and prolongs animal survival. Oncostreams represent a pathological marker of potential value for diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. It is essential to improve our understanding of the features that influence aggressiveness and invasion in high grade gliomas (HGG). Here, the authors characterize dynamic anatomical structures in HGG called oncostreams, which are associated with tumor growth and are regulated by COL1A1.
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12
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Rijal G. Understanding the Role of Fibroblasts following a 3D Tumoroid Implantation for Breast Tumor Formation. Bioengineering (Basel) 2021; 8:bioengineering8110163. [PMID: 34821729 PMCID: PMC8615023 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering8110163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
An understanding of the participation and modulation of fibroblasts during tumor formation and growth is still unclear. Among many speculates, one might be the technical challenge to reveal the versatile function of fibroblasts in tissue complexity, and another is the dynamics in tissue physiology and cell activity. The histology of most solid tumors shows a predominant presence of fibroblasts, suggesting that tumor cells recruit fibroblasts for breast tumor growth. In this review paper, therefore, the migration, activation, differentiation, secretion, and signaling systems that are associated with fibroblasts and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) after implantation of a breast tumoroid, i.e., a lab-generated tumor tissue into an animal, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Girdhari Rijal
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences and Public Health, Tarleton State University, a Member of Texas A & M University System, Fort Worth, TX 76104, USA
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13
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Comba A, Faisal SM, Varela ML, Hollon T, Al-Holou WN, Umemura Y, Nunez FJ, Motsch S, Castro MG, Lowenstein PR. Uncovering Spatiotemporal Heterogeneity of High-Grade Gliomas: From Disease Biology to Therapeutic Implications. Front Oncol 2021; 11:703764. [PMID: 34422657 PMCID: PMC8377724 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.703764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastomas (GBM) are the most common and aggressive tumors of the central nervous system. Rapid tumor growth and diffuse infiltration into healthy brain tissue, along with high intratumoral heterogeneity, challenge therapeutic efficacy and prognosis. A better understanding of spatiotemporal tumor heterogeneity at the histological, cellular, molecular, and dynamic levels would accelerate the development of novel treatments for this devastating brain cancer. Histologically, GBM is characterized by nuclear atypia, cellular pleomorphism, necrosis, microvascular proliferation, and pseudopalisades. At the cellular level, the glioma microenvironment comprises a heterogeneous landscape of cell populations, including tumor cells, non-transformed/reactive glial and neural cells, immune cells, mesenchymal cells, and stem cells, which support tumor growth and invasion through complex network crosstalk. Genomic and transcriptomic analyses of gliomas have revealed significant inter and intratumoral heterogeneity and insights into their molecular pathogenesis. Moreover, recent evidence suggests that diverse dynamics of collective motion patterns exist in glioma tumors, which correlate with histological features. We hypothesize that glioma heterogeneity is not stochastic, but rather arises from organized and dynamic attributes, which favor glioma malignancy and influences treatment regimens. This review highlights the importance of an integrative approach of glioma histopathological features, single-cell and spatially resolved transcriptomic and cellular dynamics to understand tumor heterogeneity and maximize therapeutic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Comba
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.,Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Syed M Faisal
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.,Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Maria Luisa Varela
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.,Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Todd Hollon
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Wajd N Al-Holou
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Yoshie Umemura
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Felipe J Nunez
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Therapy, Fundación Instituto Leloir, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sebastien Motsch
- School of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States
| | - Maria G Castro
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.,Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Pedro R Lowenstein
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.,Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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14
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Jiang X, Qin Y, Kun L, Zhou Y. The Significant Role of the Microfilament System in Tumors. Front Oncol 2021; 11:620390. [PMID: 33816252 PMCID: PMC8010179 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.620390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Actin is the structural protein of microfilaments, and it usually exists in two forms: monomer and polymer. Among them, monomer actin is a spherical molecule composed of a polypeptide chain, also known as spherical actin. The function of actin polymers is to produce actin filaments, so it is also called fibroactin. The actin cytoskeleton is considered to be an important subcellular filament system. It interacts with numerous relevant proteins and regulatory cells, regulating basic functions, from cell division and muscle contraction to cell movement and ensuring tissue integrity. The dynamic reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton has immense influence on the progression and metastasis of cancer as well. This paper explores the significance of the microfilament network, the dynamic changes of its structure and function in the presence of a tumor, the formation process around the actin system, and the relevant proteins that may be target molecules for anticancer drugs so as to provide support and reference for interlinked cancer treatment research in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Jiang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Cancer Research Institute, Basic School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yiming Qin
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Cancer Research Institute, Basic School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Liu Kun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Hospital of Hunan Province, Clinical Medical School, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Yanhong Zhou
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Cancer Research Institute, Basic School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
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15
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Novikov NM, Zolotaryova SY, Gautreau AM, Denisov EV. Mutational drivers of cancer cell migration and invasion. Br J Cancer 2021; 124:102-114. [PMID: 33204027 PMCID: PMC7784720 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-020-01149-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Genomic instability and mutations underlie the hallmarks of cancer-genetic alterations determine cancer cell fate by affecting cell proliferation, apoptosis and immune response, and increasing data show that mutations are involved in metastasis, a crucial event in cancer progression and a life-threatening problem in cancer patients. Invasion is the first step in the metastatic cascade, when tumour cells acquire the ability to move, penetrate into the surrounding tissue and enter lymphatic and blood vessels in order to disseminate. A role for genetic alterations in invasion is not universally accepted, with sceptics arguing that cellular motility is related only to external factors such as hypoxia, chemoattractants and the rigidity of the extracellular matrix. However, increasing evidence shows that mutations might trigger and accelerate the migration and invasion of different types of cancer cells. In this review, we summarise data from published literature on the effect of chromosomal instability and genetic mutations on cancer cell migration and invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita M Novikov
- Laboratory of Cancer Progression Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Sofia Y Zolotaryova
- Laboratory of Cancer Progression Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Alexis M Gautreau
- CNRS UMR7654, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France
- School of Biological and Medical Physics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Evgeny V Denisov
- Laboratory of Cancer Progression Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia.
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16
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Coban B, Bergonzini C, Zweemer AJM, Danen EHJ. Metastasis: crosstalk between tissue mechanics and tumour cell plasticity. Br J Cancer 2021; 124:49-57. [PMID: 33204023 PMCID: PMC7782541 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-020-01150-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the fact that different genetic programmes drive metastasis of solid tumours, the ultimate outcome is the same: tumour cells are empowered to pass a series of physical hurdles to escape the primary tumour and disseminate to other organs. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been proposed to drive the detachment of individual cells from primary tumour masses and facilitate the subsequent establishment of metastases in distant organs. However, this concept has been challenged by observations from pathologists and from studies in animal models, in which partial and transient acquisition of mesenchymal traits is seen but tumour cells travel collectively rather than as individuals. In this review, we discuss how crosstalk between a hybrid E/M state and variations in the mechanical aspects of the tumour microenvironment can provide tumour cells with the plasticity required for strategies to navigate surrounding tissues en route to dissemination. Targeting such plasticity provides therapeutic opportunities to combat metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bircan Coban
- Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Cecilia Bergonzini
- Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Annelien J M Zweemer
- Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Erik H J Danen
- Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands.
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17
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Butler G, Keeton SJ, Johnson LJ, Dash PR. A phenotypic switch in the dispersal strategy of breast cancer cells selected for metastatic colonization. Proc Biol Sci 2020; 287:20202523. [PMID: 33259764 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2020.2523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
An important question in cancer evolution concerns which traits make a cell likely to successfully metastasize. Cell motility phenotypes, mediated by cell shape change, are strong candidates. We experimentally evolved breast cancer cells in vitro for metastatic capability, using selective regimes designed to simulate stages of metastasis, then quantified their motility behaviours using computer vision. All evolved lines showed changes to motility phenotypes, and we have identified a previously unknown density-dependent motility phenotype only seen in cells selected for colonization of decellularized lung tissue. These cells increase their rate of morphological change with an increase in migration speed when local cell density is high. However, when the local cell density is low, we find the opposite relationship: the rate of morphological change decreases with an increase in migration speed. Neither the ancestral population, nor cells selected for their ability to escape or invade extracellular matrix-like environments, displays this dynamic behavioural switch. Our results suggest that cells capable of distant-site colonization may be characterized by dynamic morphological phenotypes and the capacity to respond to the local social environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Butler
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Shirley J Keeton
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Louise J Johnson
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Philip R Dash
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
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18
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Fu Y, Rathod D, Patel K. Protein kinase C inhibitor anchored BRD4 PROTAC PEGylated nanoliposomes for the treatment of vemurafenib-resistant melanoma. Exp Cell Res 2020; 396:112275. [PMID: 32898554 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2020.112275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Limited treatment options and development of resistance to targeted therapy within few months pose significant challenges in the treatment of BRAF-mutated malignant melanoma. Moreover, extensive angiogenesis and vasculogenic mimicry promote the rapid progression of disease. The purpose of this study was to develop a protein kinase C inhibitor anchored BRD4 PROTAC (ARV) loaded PEGylated nanoliposomes (LARPC). Palmitoyl-dl-carnitine chloride (PC) was used as a protein kinase C inhibitor to provide a cationic surface charge to LARPC. The formulation was characterized for particle size, zeta potential, drug release and various cell culture assays using HUVEC and vemurafenib resistant melanoma cells. The particle size of LARPC was found to be 105.25 ± 2.76 nm with a zeta potential of +26.6 ± 6.25 mV. Inhibition of angiogenesis was demonstrated by ARV and LARPC using human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC)-based matrigel basement membrane model. Additionally, LARPC demonstrated very low IC50 with promising inhibition of vasculogenic mimicry channel formation, cell migration as well as colony formation in vemurafenib-resistant melanoma cell lines. Hence, the outcome of this combination therapy indicated the suitability of LARPC as a potential and novel approach for eradicating vemurafenib-resistant melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yige Fu
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, 11439, USA
| | - Drishti Rathod
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, 11439, USA
| | - Ketan Patel
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, 11439, USA.
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19
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DeCamp SJ, Tsuda VMK, Ferruzzi J, Koehler SA, Giblin JT, Roblyer D, Zaman MH, Weiss ST, Kılıç A, De Marzio M, Park CY, Ogassavara NC, Mitchel JA, Butler JP, Fredberg JJ. Epithelial layer unjamming shifts energy metabolism toward glycolysis. Sci Rep 2020; 10:18302. [PMID: 33110128 PMCID: PMC7591531 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-74992-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In development of an embryo, healing of a wound, or progression of a carcinoma, a requisite event is collective epithelial cellular migration. For example, cells at the advancing front of a wound edge tend to migrate collectively, elongate substantially, and exert tractions more forcefully compared with cells many ranks behind. With regards to energy metabolism, striking spatial gradients have recently been reported in the wounded epithelium, as well as in the tumor, but within the wounded cell layer little is known about the link between mechanical events and underlying energy metabolism. Using the advancing confluent monolayer of MDCKII cells as a model system, here we report at single cell resolution the evolving spatiotemporal fields of cell migration speeds, cell shapes, and traction forces measured simultaneously with fields of multiple indices of cellular energy metabolism. Compared with the epithelial layer that is unwounded, which is non-migratory, solid-like and jammed, the leading edge of the advancing cell layer is shown to become progressively more migratory, fluid-like, and unjammed. In doing so the cytoplasmic redox ratio becomes progressively smaller, the NADH lifetime becomes progressively shorter, and the mitochondrial membrane potential and glucose uptake become progressively larger. These observations indicate that a metabolic shift toward glycolysis accompanies collective cellular migration but show, further, that this shift occurs throughout the cell layer, even in regions where associated changes in cell shapes, traction forces, and migration velocities have yet to penetrate. In characterizing the wound healing process these morphological, mechanical, and metabolic observations, taken on a cell-by-cell basis, comprise the most comprehensive set of biophysical data yet reported. Together, these data suggest the novel hypothesis that the unjammed phase evolved to accommodate fluid-like migratory dynamics during episodes of tissue wound healing, development, and plasticity, but is more energetically expensive compared with the jammed phase, which evolved to maintain a solid-like non-migratory state that is more energetically economical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J DeCamp
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Victor M K Tsuda
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Jacopo Ferruzzi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stephan A Koehler
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - John T Giblin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Darren Roblyer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Muhammad H Zaman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Scott T Weiss
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ayşe Kılıç
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Margherita De Marzio
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Chan Young Park
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nicolas Chiu Ogassavara
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Jennifer A Mitchel
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - James P Butler
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jeffrey J Fredberg
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
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20
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Hajal C, Ibrahim L, Serrano JC, Offeddu GS, Kamm RD. The effects of luminal and trans-endothelial fluid flows on the extravasation and tissue invasion of tumor cells in a 3D in vitro microvascular platform. Biomaterials 2020; 265:120470. [PMID: 33190735 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Throughout the process of metastatic dissemination, tumor cells are continuously subjected to mechanical forces resulting from complex fluid flows due to changes in pressures in their local microenvironments. While these forces have been associated with invasive phenotypes in 3D matrices, their role in key steps of the metastatic cascade, namely extravasation and subsequent interstitial migration, remains poorly understood. In this study, an in vitro model of the human microvasculature was employed to subject tumor cells to physiological luminal, trans-endothelial, and interstitial flows to evaluate their effects on those key steps of metastasis. Luminal flow promoted the extravasation potential of tumor cells, possibly as a result of their increased intravascular migration speed. Trans-endothelial flow increased the speed with which tumor cells transmigrated across the endothelium as well as their migration speed in the matrix following extravasation. In addition, tumor cells possessed a greater propensity to migrate in close proximity to the endothelium when subjected to physiological flows, which may promote the successful formation of metastatic foci. These results show important roles of fluid flow during extravasation and invasion, which could determine the local metastatic potential of tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Hajal
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Lina Ibrahim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Jean Carlos Serrano
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Giovanni S Offeddu
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Roger D Kamm
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA; Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
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21
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Manzo G. Defined Mathematical Relationships Among Cancer Cells Suggest Modular Growth in Tumor Progression and Highlight Developmental Features Consistent With a Para-Embryonic Nature of Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:804. [PMID: 32984319 PMCID: PMC7484490 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Several similarities between the embryo development and the cancer process suggest the para-embryonic nature of tumors. Starting from an initial cancer stem cell (i-CSC) as a para-embryonic stem cell (p-ESC), a hierarchic sequence of CSCs (CSC1s, CSC2s, CSC3s) and non-CSCs [cancer progenitor cells (CPCs), cancer differentiated cells (CDCs)] would be generated, mimicking an ectopic rudimentary ontogenesis. Such a proposed heterogeneous cell hierarchy within the tumor structure would suggest a tumor growth model consistent with experimental data reported for mammary tumors. By tabulating the theoretical data according to this model, it is possible to identify defined mathematical relationships between cancer cells (CSCs and non-CSCs) that are surprisingly similar to experimental data. Moreover, starting from this model, it is possible to speculate that, during progression, tumor growth would occur in a modular way that recalls the propagation of tumor spheres in vitro. All these considerations favor a comparison among normal blastocysts (as in vitro embryos), initial avascular tumors (as in vivo abnormal blastocysts) and tumor spheres (as in vitro abnormal blastocysts). In conclusion, this work provides further support for the para-embryonic nature of the cancer process, as recently theorized.
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22
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Kim JH, Pegoraro AF, Das A, Koehler SA, Ujwary SA, Lan B, Mitchel JA, Atia L, He S, Wang K, Bi D, Zaman MH, Park JA, Butler JP, Lee KH, Starr JR, Fredberg JJ. Unjamming and collective migration in MCF10A breast cancer cell lines. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 521:706-715. [PMID: 31699371 PMCID: PMC6937379 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.10.188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Each cell comprising an intact, healthy, confluent epithelial layer ordinarily remains sedentary, firmly adherent to and caged by its neighbors, and thus defines an elemental constituent of a solid-like cellular collective [1,2]. After malignant transformation, however, the cellular collective can become fluid-like and migratory, as evidenced by collective motions that arise in characteristic swirls, strands, ducts, sheets, or clusters [3,4]. To transition from a solid-like to a fluid-like phase and thereafter to migrate collectively, it has been recently argued that cells comprising the disordered but confluent epithelial collective can undergo changes of cell shape so as to overcome geometric constraints attributable to the newly discovered phenomenon of cell jamming and the associated unjamming transition (UJT) [1,2,5-9]. Relevance of the jamming concept to carcinoma cells lines of graded degrees of invasive potential has never been investigated, however. Using classical in vitro cultures of six breast cancer model systems, here we investigate structural and dynamical signatures of cell jamming, and the relationship between them [1,2,10,11]. In order of roughly increasing invasive potential as previously reported, model systems examined included MCF10A, MCF10A.Vector; MCF10A.14-3-3ζ; MCF10.ErbB2, MCF10AT; and MCF10CA1a [12-15]. Migratory speed depended on the particular cell line. Unsurprisingly, for example, the MCF10CA1a cell line exhibited much faster migratory speed relative to the others. But unexpectedly, across different cell lines higher speeds were associated with enhanced size of cooperative cell packs in a manner reminiscent of a peloton [9]. Nevertheless, within each of the cell lines evaluated, cell shape and shape variability from cell-to-cell conformed with predicted structural signatures of cell layer unjamming [1]. Moreover, both structure and migratory dynamics were compatible with previous theoretical descriptions of the cell jamming mechanism [2,10,11,16,17]. As such, these findings demonstrate the richness of the cell jamming mechanism, which is now seen to apply across these cancer cell lines but remains poorly understood.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Amit Das
- Northeastern University, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Bo Lan
- Harvard School of Public Health, MA, USA
| | | | - Lior Atia
- Harvard School of Public Health, MA, USA
| | - Shijie He
- Mass General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - James P Butler
- Harvard School of Public Health, MA, USA; Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kyu Ha Lee
- The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
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23
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Kempf F, Mueller R, Frey E, Yeomans JM, Doostmohammadi A. Active matter invasion. SOFT MATTER 2019; 15:7538-7546. [PMID: 31451816 DOI: 10.1039/c9sm01210a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Biologically active materials such as bacterial biofilms and eukaryotic cells thrive in confined micro-spaces. Here, we show through numerical simulations that confinement can serve as a mechanical guidance to achieve distinct modes of collective invasion when combined with growth dynamics and the intrinsic activity of biological materials. We assess the dynamics of the growing interface and classify these collective modes of invasion based on the activity of the constituent particles of the growing matter. While at small and moderate activities the active material grows as a coherent unit, we find that blobs of active material collectively detach from the cohort above a well-defined activity threshold. We further characterise the mechanical mechanisms underlying the crossovers between different modes of invasion and quantify their impact on the overall invasion speed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Kempf
- Arnold Sommerfeld Center for Theoretical Physics and Center for NanoScience, Department of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München - Theresienstr. 37, D-80333 Munich, Germany
| | - Romain Mueller
- The Rudolf Peierls Centre for Theoretical Physics - Clarendon Laboratory, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PU, UK.
| | - Erwin Frey
- Arnold Sommerfeld Center for Theoretical Physics and Center for NanoScience, Department of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München - Theresienstr. 37, D-80333 Munich, Germany
| | - Julia M Yeomans
- The Rudolf Peierls Centre for Theoretical Physics - Clarendon Laboratory, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PU, UK.
| | - Amin Doostmohammadi
- The Rudolf Peierls Centre for Theoretical Physics - Clarendon Laboratory, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PU, UK.
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First person – Ralitza Staneva. J Cell Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1242/jcs.231449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT
First Person is a series of interviews with the first authors of a selection of papers published in Journal of Cell Science, helping early-career researchers promote themselves alongside their papers. Ralitza Staneva is first author on ‘Cancer cells in the tumor core exhibit spatially coordinated migration patterns’, published in JCS. Ralitza is a postdoc in the lab of Danijela Matic Vignjevic at the Institut Curie, Paris, France, investigating the cell and developmental biology of cell–cell and cell–matrix interactions.
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