1
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Parra-Rivas LA, Madhivanan K, Aulston BD, Wang L, Prakashchand DD, Boyer NP, Saia-Cereda VM, Branes-Guerrero K, Pizzo DP, Bagchi P, Sundar VS, Tang Y, Das U, Scott DA, Rangamani P, Ogawa Y, Subhojit Roy. Serine-129 phosphorylation of α-synuclein is an activity-dependent trigger for physiologic protein-protein interactions and synaptic function. Neuron 2023; 111:4006-4023.e10. [PMID: 38128479 PMCID: PMC10766085 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2023.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorylation of α-synuclein at the serine-129 site (α-syn Ser129P) is an established pathologic hallmark of synucleinopathies and a therapeutic target. In physiologic states, only a fraction of α-syn is phosphorylated at this site, and most studies have focused on the pathologic roles of this post-translational modification. We found that unlike wild-type (WT) α-syn, which is widely expressed throughout the brain, the overall pattern of α-syn Ser129P is restricted, suggesting intrinsic regulation. Surprisingly, preventing Ser129P blocked activity-dependent synaptic attenuation by α-syn-thought to reflect its normal function. Exploring mechanisms, we found that neuronal activity augments Ser129P, which is a trigger for protein-protein interactions that are necessary for mediating α-syn function at the synapse. AlphaFold2-driven modeling and membrane-binding simulations suggest a scenario where Ser129P induces conformational changes that facilitate interactions with binding partners. Our experiments offer a new conceptual platform for investigating the role of Ser129 in synucleinopathies, with implications for drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo A Parra-Rivas
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, USA; Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
| | - Kayalvizhi Madhivanan
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Brent D Aulston
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Lina Wang
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Dube Dheeraj Prakashchand
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Nicholas P Boyer
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Veronica M Saia-Cereda
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kristen Branes-Guerrero
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Donald P Pizzo
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Pritha Bagchi
- Emory Integrated Proteomics Core, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - V S Sundar
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Yong Tang
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Utpal Das
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - David A Scott
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Padmini Rangamani
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Yuki Ogawa
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Subhojit Roy
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, USA; Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA; Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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2
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Zhang W, Fu Y, Peng L, Ogawa Y, Ding X, Rasband A, Zhou X, Shelly M, Rasband MN, Zou P. Immunoproximity biotinylation reveals the axon initial segment proteome. Nat Commun 2023; 14:8201. [PMID: 38081810 PMCID: PMC10713531 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44015-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The axon initial segment (AIS) is a specialized neuronal compartment required for action potential generation and neuronal polarity. However, understanding the mechanisms regulating AIS structure and function has been hindered by an incomplete knowledge of its molecular composition. Here, using immuno-proximity biotinylation we further define the AIS proteome and its dynamic changes during neuronal maturation. Among the many AIS proteins identified, we show that SCRIB is highly enriched in the AIS both in vitro and in vivo, and exhibits a periodic architecture like the axonal spectrin-based cytoskeleton. We find that ankyrinG interacts with and recruits SCRIB to the AIS. However, loss of SCRIB has no effect on ankyrinG. This powerful and flexible approach further defines the AIS proteome and provides a rich resource to elucidate the mechanisms regulating AIS structure and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, PKU-Tsinghua Center for Life Science, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yu Fu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Luxin Peng
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yuki Ogawa
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xiaoyun Ding
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Anne Rasband
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xinyue Zhou
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, PKU-Tsinghua Center for Life Science, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Maya Shelly
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Stony Brook University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Matthew N Rasband
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Peng Zou
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, PKU-Tsinghua Center for Life Science, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
- PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research (CIBR), Beijing, 102206, China.
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3
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Ogawa Y, Lim BC, George S, Oses-Prieto JA, Rasband JM, Eshed-Eisenbach Y, Hamdan H, Nair S, Boato F, Peles E, Burlingame AL, Van Aelst L, Rasband MN. Antibody-directed extracellular proximity biotinylation reveals that Contactin-1 regulates axo-axonic innervation of axon initial segments. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6797. [PMID: 37884508 PMCID: PMC10603070 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42273-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Axon initial segment (AIS) cell surface proteins mediate key biological processes in neurons including action potential initiation and axo-axonic synapse formation. However, few AIS cell surface proteins have been identified. Here, we use antibody-directed proximity biotinylation to define the cell surface proteins in close proximity to the AIS cell adhesion molecule Neurofascin. To determine the distributions of the identified proteins, we use CRISPR-mediated genome editing for insertion of epitope tags in the endogenous proteins. We identify Contactin-1 (Cntn1) as an AIS cell surface protein. Cntn1 is enriched at the AIS through interactions with Neurofascin and NrCAM. We further show that Cntn1 contributes to assembly of the AIS extracellular matrix, and regulates AIS axo-axonic innervation by inhibitory basket cells in the cerebellum and inhibitory chandelier cells in the cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Ogawa
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Brian C Lim
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Shanu George
- Division of Neuroscience, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
| | - Juan A Oses-Prieto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Joshua M Rasband
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yael Eshed-Eisenbach
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Hamdan Hamdan
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Supna Nair
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Francesco Boato
- Division of Neuroscience, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
| | - Elior Peles
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Alma L Burlingame
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Linda Van Aelst
- Division of Neuroscience, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
| | - Matthew N Rasband
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
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4
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Martínez-Rojas VA, Pischedda F, Romero-Maldonado I, Khalaf B, Piccoli G, Macchi P, Musio C. Nucleoporin Nup358 Downregulation Tunes the Neuronal Excitability in Mouse Cortical Neurons. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1791. [PMID: 37763196 PMCID: PMC10533191 DOI: 10.3390/life13091791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Nucleoporins (NUPs) are proteins that comprise the nuclear pore complexes (NPCs). The NPC spans the nuclear envelope of a cell and provides a channel through which RNA and proteins move between the nucleus and the cytoplasm and vice versa. NUP and NPC disruptions have a great impact on the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs). Although the downregulation of Nup358 leads to a reduction in the scaffold protein ankyrin-G at the axon initial segment (AIS) of mature neurons, the function of Nup358 in the cytoplasm of neurons remains elusive. To investigate whether Nup358 plays any role in neuronal activity, we downregulated Nup358 in non-pathological mouse cortical neurons and measured their active and passive bioelectrical properties. We identified that Nup358 downregulation is able to produce significant modifications of cell-membrane excitability via voltage-gated sodium channel kinetics. Our findings suggest that Nup358 contributes to neuronal excitability through a functional stabilization of the electrical properties of the neuronal membrane. Hypotheses will be discussed regarding the alteration of this active regulation as putatively occurring in the pathophysiology of NDDs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Francesca Pischedda
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology—CIBIO, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, 38123 Trento, Italy; (F.P.); (B.K.); (G.P.)
| | - Isabel Romero-Maldonado
- Institute of Cellular Physiology, Universidad Autónoma de Mexico—UNAM, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City 04510, Mexico;
| | - Bouchra Khalaf
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology—CIBIO, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, 38123 Trento, Italy; (F.P.); (B.K.); (G.P.)
| | - Giovanni Piccoli
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology—CIBIO, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, 38123 Trento, Italy; (F.P.); (B.K.); (G.P.)
| | - Paolo Macchi
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology—CIBIO, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, 38123 Trento, Italy; (F.P.); (B.K.); (G.P.)
| | - Carlo Musio
- Institute of Biophysics—IBF, National Research Council—CNR, Via Sommarive 18, 38123 Trento, Italy;
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5
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Zhang Y, Zhao L, Wang Q, Zhang Z, Ren X, Yang X, Zeng S, Lv L, Zhao L, Su S, Chen X, Fu B. A novel epitope tag from rabies virus has versatile in vitro applications. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023:10.1007/s00253-023-12546-9. [PMID: 37166480 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12546-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Fusion tag technology is an important tool for rapid separation, purification, and characterization of proteins. Combined with monoclonal antibodies, tag epitope systems can be rapidly adapted to many assay systems. A monoclonal antibody that reacts with the matrix protein of the rabies virus CVS-11 strain was reported. The epitope (termed M) targeted by this antibody contains only six amino acids. We examine whether this specific sequence epitope can be applied as a protein tag. We show ectopic expression of M-tagged proteins has little impact on cell viability or major signaling pathways. The M tag system can be used for western blotting, immunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence staining, and flow cytometry assays. The results indicate the specificity, sensitivity, and versatility of this novel epitope tag system are comparable to the widely used FLAG tag system, providing researchers with an additional tool for molecular analysis. KEY POINTS: • A short peptide (Pro Pro Tyr Asp Asp Asp) can be applied as a new tag. • The new epitope-tagging fusion system has no effect on the main cellular signaling pathway. • The epitope-tagging fusion system can be widely used for western blotting, immunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence, flow cytometry, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuelan Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Lin Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Qinyang Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Zhuyou Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Xiaoyan Ren
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Xue Yang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Shaowei Zeng
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Linyue Lv
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural Universitygrid, 35155.37, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine of Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuo Su
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Institute of Immunology and College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xiaoqi Chen
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
| | - Bishi Fu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
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6
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Ogawa Y, Lim BC, George S, Oses-Prieto JA, Rasband JM, Eshed-Eisenbach Y, Nair S, Boato F, Peles E, Burlingame AL, Van Aelst L, Rasband MN. Antibody-directed extracellular proximity biotinylation reveals Contactin-1 regulates axo-axonic innervation of axon initial segments. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.06.531378. [PMID: 36945454 PMCID: PMC10028829 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.06.531378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Axon initial segment (AIS) cell surface proteins mediate key biological processes in neurons including action potential initiation and axo-axonic synapse formation. However, few AIS cell surface proteins have been identified. Here, we used antibody-directed proximity biotinylation to define the cell surface proteins in close proximity to the AIS cell adhesion molecule Neurofascin. To determine the distributions of the identified proteins, we used CRISPR-mediated genome editing for insertion of epitope tags in the endogenous proteins. We found Contactin-1 (Cntn1) among the previously unknown AIS proteins we identified. Cntn1 is enriched at the AIS through interactions with Neurofascin and NrCAM. We further show that Cntn1 contributes to assembly of the AIS-extracellular matrix, and is required for AIS axo-axonic innervation by inhibitory basket cells in the cerebellum and inhibitory chandelier cells in the cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Ogawa
- Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Brian C. Lim
- Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Shanu George
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Division of Neuroscience, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
| | - Juan A. Oses-Prieto
- University of California San Francisco, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Joshua M. Rasband
- Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yael Eshed-Eisenbach
- Weizmann Institute of Science, Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Supna Nair
- University of California San Francisco, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Francesco Boato
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Division of Neuroscience, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
| | - Elior Peles
- Weizmann Institute of Science, Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Alma L. Burlingame
- University of California San Francisco, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Linda Van Aelst
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Division of Neuroscience, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
| | - Matthew N. Rasband
- Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Houston, TX, USA
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Shukla P, Mandalla A, Elrick MJ, Venkatesan A. Clinical Manifestations and Pathogenesis of Acute Necrotizing Encephalopathy: The Interface Between Systemic Infection and Neurologic Injury. Front Neurol 2022; 12:628811. [PMID: 35058867 PMCID: PMC8764155 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.628811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute necrotizing encephalopathy (ANE) is a devastating neurologic condition that can arise following a variety of systemic infections, including influenza and SARS-CoV-2. Affected individuals typically present with rapid changes in consciousness, focal neurological deficits, and seizures. Neuroimaging reveals symmetric, bilateral deep gray matter lesions, often involving the thalami, with evidence of necrosis and/or hemorrhage. The clinical and radiologic picture must be distinguished from direct infection of the central nervous system by some viruses, and from metabolic and mitochondrial disorders. Outcomes following ANE are poor overall and worse in those with brainstem involvement. Specific management is often directed toward modulating immune responses given the potential role of systemic inflammation and cytokine storm in potentiating neurologic injury in ANE, though benefits of such approaches remain unclear. The finding that many patients have mutations in the nucleoporin gene RANBP2, which encodes a multifunctional protein that plays a key role in nucleocytoplasmic transport, may allow for the development of disease models that provide insights into pathogenic mechanisms and novel therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Shukla
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Abby Mandalla
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Matthew J Elrick
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Arun Venkatesan
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
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8
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First person – Yuki Ogawa. J Cell Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1242/jcs.258526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT
First Person is a series of interviews with the first authors of a selection of papers published in Journal of Cell Science, helping early-career researchers promote themselves alongside their papers. Yuki Ogawa is first author on ‘Endogenously expressed Ranbp2 is not at the axon initial segment’, published in JCS. Yuki is a postdoc in the lab of Matthew Rasband at the Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA, investigating how the cytoskeletal proteins are organized in neurons by using CRISPR/Cas9-based genome engineering.
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