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Huerta-Canseco C, Caba M, Camacho-Morales A. Obesity-mediated Lipoinflammation Modulates Food Reward Responses. Neuroscience 2023; 529:37-53. [PMID: 37591331 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2023.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Accumulation of white adipose tissue (WAT) during obesity is associated with the development of chronic low-grade inflammation, a biological process known as lipoinflammation. Systemic and central lipoinflammation accumulates pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α in plasma and also in brain, disrupting neurometabolism and cognitive behavior. Obesity-mediated lipoinflammation has been reported in brain regions of the mesocorticolimbic reward circuit leading to alterations in the perception and consumption of ultra-processed foods. While still under investigation, lipoinflammation targets two major outcomes of the mesocorticolimbic circuit during food reward: perception and motivation ("Wanting") and the pleasurable feeling of feeding ("Liking"). This review will provide experimental and clinical evidence supporting the contribution of obesity- or overnutrition-related lipoinflammation affecting the mesocorticolimbic reward circuit and enhancing food reward responses. We will also address neuroanatomical targets of inflammatory profiles that modulate food reward responses during obesity and describe potential cellular and molecular mechanisms of overnutrition linked to addiction-like behavior favored by brain lipoinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mario Caba
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Mexico
| | - Alberto Camacho-Morales
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, NL, Mexico; Neurometabolism Unit, Center for Research and Development in Health Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, NL, Mexico.
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2
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CHIBA S, NUMAKAWA T, MURATA T, KAWAMINAMI M, HIMI T. Enhanced social reward response and anxiety-like behavior with downregulation of nucleus accumbens glucocorticoid receptor in BALB/c mice. J Vet Med Sci 2023; 85:30-39. [PMID: 36403974 PMCID: PMC9887208 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.22-0103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Social anhedonia is a psychological state with difficulty in experiencing pleasure from social interactions and is observed in various diseases, such as depressive disorders. Although the relationships between social reward responses and anxiety- and depression-like behaviors have remained unclear, a social reward conditioned place preference (SCPP) test can be used to analyze the rewarding nature of social interactions. To elucidate these relationships, we used 5-week-old male mice of AKR, BALB/c, and C57BL/6J strains and conducted behavioral tests in the following order: elevated plus-maze test (EPM), open field test (OFT), SCPP, saccharin preference test (SPT), and passive avoidance test. The nucleus accumbens of these mice were collected 24 hr after these behavioral tests and were used for western blotting to determine the levels of receptors for brain-derived neurotrophic factors and glucocorticoids. BALB/c mice displayed the highest levels of anxiety-like behavior in EPM and OFT as well as physical anhedonia-like behaviors in SPT. They also showed increased responses to social rewards and huddling behaviors in SCPP, with downregulated glucocorticoid receptor (GR). Regression analysis results revealed positive influences of anxiety- and physical anhedonia-like behaviors and expressions of GR on social reward responses. Collectively, temperament associated with anxiety and physical anhedonia may affect social reward responses, which possibly is influenced by the expression of GR that can modify these psychological traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuichi CHIBA
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Okayama University of Science, Ehime, Japan
| | - Tadahiro NUMAKAWA
- Department of Mental Disorder Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takuya MURATA
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Okayama University of Science, Ehime, Japan
| | | | - Toshiyuki HIMI
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Musashino University, Tokyo, Japan
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Xia Y, Gong Y, Wang H, Li S, Mao F. Family Function Impacts Relapse Tendency in Substance Use Disorder: Mediated Through Self-Esteem and Resilience. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:815118. [PMID: 35237192 PMCID: PMC8882822 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.815118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Substance abuse has been a public health concern, and even after detoxification treatment, the relapse rate is still high. Family function is closely related to substance dependence. However, studies on psychological mechanisms between them are rare. OBJECTIVES We aimed to explore the mediating role of self-esteem and resilience in the pathway that family function impacts the relapse tendency among patients with substance use disorder (SUD). METHODS A total of 282 SUD patients were recruited, and standard questionnaires were administered for each patient. The relapse tendency, family function, self-esteem and resilience were assessed by the family care index questionnaire, the Connor-Davidson resilience scale, the Rosenberg self-esteem scale and the relapse tendency questionnaire. Bootstrap method was conducted for mediation analysis to test the effects of how family function affects relapse tendency mediated through self-esteem and resilience. RESULTS The average score of relapse tendency of the patients was 28.47 (SD = 11.89). Intermediary analysis found that self-esteem played an intermediary role in the relationship between family function and relapse tendency. Resilience plays an intermediary role in the relationship between family function and relapse tendency. Further, the path analysis showed that family function not only had a direct association with relapse tendency, but also indirectly related to relapse tendency through self-esteem and resilience. CONCLUSIONS Self-esteem and resilience are the key factors in the relationship between family function and relapse tendency of SUD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwei Xia
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yu Gong
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hanbin Wang
- Department of Mathematics, Ximou Primary School, Yantai, China
| | - Shen Li
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Fuqiang Mao
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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Ma X, Zhang Q, Du J, Tang J, Tan B. Integrated Analysis of ceRNA Regulatory Network Associated With Tumor Stage in Cervical Cancer. Front Genet 2021; 12:618753. [PMID: 33833775 PMCID: PMC8021857 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.618753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To analyze the abnormally expressed genes involved in cervical cancer occurrence and development. Materials and Methods Integrated bioinformatics methods were used to analyze differentially expressed (DE) RNAs, including mRNAs, microRNAs (miRNAs), and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), in stage I, II, III, and IV cervical cancer patients from the TCGA database to fully reveal the dynamic changes caused by cervical cancer. Results First, DE RNAs in cervical cancer tissues from stage I, II, III, and IV patients and normal cervical tissues were identified and divided into different profiles. Several DE RNA profiles were down-regulated or up-regulated in stage I, III, and IV patients. GO and KEGG analysis of DE mRNA profile 1, 2, 4, 5, 6 and 22 which were significantly down-regulated or up-regulated showed that DE mRNAs are involved in cell division, DNA replication, cell adhesion, the positive and negative regulation of RNA polymerase ll promoter transcription. Besides, DE RNA profiles with significant differences in patient stages were analyzed to perform a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) regulatory network of lncRNA, miRNA, and mRNA. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of DE mRNAs in the ceRNA regulatory network was also constructed. The network had nine central genes (up-regulated genes: CDKN2A, GSK3B, BIRC5, CYCS, MAD2L1; down-regulated genes: PTEN, FOXO3, CCND2, TGFBR2). Survival analysis found that 5 lncRNAs, 9 mRNAs, and 4 miRNAs can be used as prognostic indicators of cervical cancer. Finally, combined with cluster analysis results, we further screened 2 DE RNAs (AMZ2P1 and HDAC5) using clinical samples, suggesting that AMZ2P1, and HDAC5 may act as diagnostic biomarkers for the development of cervical cancer. Conclusion This research provides new effective targets and reliable biological markers for the diagnosis and prognosis of cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Ma
- North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China.,Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Jiayu Du
- North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Jie Tang
- North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Bangxian Tan
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
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The Role of Cell Adhesion Molecule Genes Regulating Neuroplasticity in Addiction. Neural Plast 2018; 2018:9803764. [PMID: 29675039 PMCID: PMC5838467 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9803764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A variety of genetic approaches, including twin studies, linkage studies, and candidate gene studies, has established a firm genetic basis for addiction. However, there has been difficulty identifying the precise genes that underlie addiction liability using these approaches. This situation became especially clear in genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of addiction. Moreover, the results of GWAS brought into clarity many of the shortcomings of those early genetic approaches. GWAS studies stripped away those preconceived notions, examining genes that would not previously have been considered in the study of addiction, consequently creating a shift in our understanding. Most importantly, those studies implicated a class of genes that had not previously been considered in the study of addiction genetics: cell adhesion molecules (CAMs). Considering the well-documented evidence supporting a role for various CAMs in synaptic plasticity, axonal growth, and regeneration, it is not surprising that allelic variation in CAM genes might also play a role in addiction liability. This review focuses on the role of various cell adhesion molecules in neuroplasticity that might contribute to addictive processes and emphasizes the importance of ongoing research on CAM genes that have been implicated in addiction by GWAS.
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Motahari AA, Sahraei H, Meftahi GH. Role of Nitric Oxide on Dopamine Release and Morphine-Dependency. Basic Clin Neurosci 2016; 7:283-290. [PMID: 27872689 PMCID: PMC5102557 DOI: 10.15412/j.bcn.03070401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The catastrophic effects of opioids use on public health and the economy are documented clearly in numerous studies. Repeated morphine administration can lead to either a decrease (tolerance) or an increase (sensitization) in its behavioral and rewarding effects. Morphine-induced sensitization is a major problem and plays an important role in abuse of the opioid drugs. Studies reported that morphine may exert its effects by the release of nitric oxide (NO). NO is a potent neuromodulator, which is produced by nitric oxide synthase (NOS). However, the exact role of NO in the opioid-induced sensitization is unknown. In this study, we reviewed the role of NO on opioid-induced sensitization in 2 important, rewarding regions of the brain: nucleus accumbens and ventral tegmentum. In addition, we focused on the contribution of NO on opioid-induced sensitization in the limbic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Arash Motahari
- Neuroscience Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hedayat Sahraei
- Neuroscience Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Kramer ER, Liss B. GDNF-Ret signaling in midbrain dopaminergic neurons and its implication for Parkinson disease. FEBS Lett 2015; 589:3760-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2015.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Revised: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Al Maamari E, Al Ameri M, Al Mansouri S, Bahi A. Inhibition of urokinase plasminogen activator "uPA" activity alters ethanol consumption and conditioned place preference in mice. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2014; 8:1391-403. [PMID: 25258509 PMCID: PMC4172050 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s68636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Urokinase plasminogen activator, uPA, is a serine protease implicated in addiction to drugs of abuse. Using its specific inhibitor, B428, we and others have characterized the role of uPA in the rewarding properties of psychostimulants, including cocaine and amphetamine, but none have examined the role of uPA in ethanol use disorders. Therefore, in the current study, we extended our observations to the role of uPA in ethanol consumption and ethanol-induced conditioned place preference. The general aim of the present series of experiments was to investigate the effects of the administration of the B428 on voluntary alcohol intake and ethanol conditioned reward. A two-bottle choice, unlimited-access paradigm was used to compare ethanol intake between vehicle- and 3, 10, and 30 mg/kg B428-administered mice. For this purpose, the mice were presented with an ethanol solution (2.5%-20%) and water, at each concentration for 4 days, and their consumption was measured daily. Consumption of saccharin and quinine solutions was also measured. Systemic administration of B428 dose-dependently decreased ethanol intake and preference. Additionally, B428 mice did not differ from vehicle mice in their intake of graded solutions of tastants, suggesting that the uPA inhibition did not alter taste function. Also, ethanol metabolism was not affected following B428 injection. More importantly, 1.5 g/kg ethanol-induced conditioned place preference acquisition was blocked following B428 administration. Taken together, our results are the first to implicate uPA inhibition in the regulation of ethanol consumption and preference, and suggest that uPA may be considered as a possible therapeutic drug target for alcoholism and abstinence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elyazia Al Maamari
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mouza Al Ameri
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Shamma Al Mansouri
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Amine Bahi
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
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Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) has a prominent role in brain development, maturation of neural circuits, and adult neuroplasticity. This multifactorial role of the ECM suggests that processes that affect composition or turnover of ECM in the brain could lead to altered brain function, possibly underlying conditions of impaired mental health, such as neuropsychiatric or neurodegenerative disease. In support of this, in the last two decades, clinical and preclinical research provided evidence of correlations and to some degree causal links, between aberrant ECM function and neuropsychiatric disorders, the most prominent being addiction and schizophrenia. Based on these initial observations of involvement of different classes of ECM molecules (laminin, reelin, and their integrin receptors, as well as tenascins and chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans), ECM targets have been suggested as a novel entry point in the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders. Hence, understanding how ECM molecules contribute to proper neuronal functioning and how this is dysregulated in conditions of mental illness is of pivotal importance. In this chapter, we will review available literature that implicates the different classes of brain ECM molecules in psychiatric disorders, with a primary focus on addiction (opiates, psychostimulants, and alcohol), and we will compare these ECM adaptations with those implicated in schizophrenia and mood disorders.
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Wright JW, Wilson WL, Wakeling V, Boydstun AS, Jensen A, Kawas L, Harding JW. The Hepatocyte Growth Factor/c-Met Antagonist, Divalinal-Angiotensin IV, Blocks the Acquisition of Methamphetamine Dependent Conditioned Place Preference in Rats. Brain Sci 2012; 2:298-318. [PMID: 24961196 PMCID: PMC4061800 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci2030298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2012] [Revised: 07/06/2012] [Accepted: 08/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of methamphetamine (MA) is increasing in the U.S. and elsewhere around the world. MA's capacity to cause addiction significantly exceeds other psychostimulant drugs, and its use negatively impacts learning and memory. Recently, attempts have been made to interfere with the presumed mechanism(s) underlying the establishment of drug-induced memory consolidation. The majority of these studies have employed matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitors to disrupt MMP-induced extracellular matrix molecule dependent synaptic reconfiguration, or GABA receptor agonists. The present investigation utilized an angiotensin IV (AngIV) analogue, Divalinal-AngIV (divalinal), to disrupt acquisition of MA-induced dependence in rats as measured using the conditioned place preference paradigm. Results indicate that both acute and chronic intracerebroventricular infusion of divalinal prior to each daily subcutaneous injection of MA prevented acquisition. However, divalinal was unable to prevent MA-induced reinstatement after prior acquisition followed by extinction trials. These results indicate that prevention of MA dependence can be accomplished by blockade of the brain AT4 receptor subtype. On the other hand, once MA-induced memory consolidation is in place divalinal appears to be ineffective. Mechanistic studies indicated that divalinal is a potent inhibitor of the hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)/c-Met receptor system, and thus it appears that a functional HGF/c-Met system is required for the acquisition of MA-mediated conditioned place preference.
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Affiliation(s)
- John W Wright
- Department of Psychology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-4820, USA.
| | - Wendy L Wilson
- Department of Psychology, Dickinson State University, Dickinson, ND 58601, USA.
| | - Vanessa Wakeling
- Department of Psychology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-4820, USA.
| | - Alan S Boydstun
- L-3 Communications, Link Simulation and Training, Wright Patterson Air Force Base, OH 45433-7955, USA.
| | - Audrey Jensen
- Department of Psychology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-4820, USA.
| | - Leen Kawas
- Program in Pharmacology and Toxicology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-6510, USA.
| | - Joseph W Harding
- Department of Psychology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-4820, USA.
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Yan Y, Nitta A, Koseki T, Yamada K, Nabeshima T. Dissociable role of tumor necrosis factor alpha gene deletion in methamphetamine self-administration and cue-induced relapsing behavior in mice. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2012; 221:427-36. [PMID: 22160137 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-011-2589-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2010] [Accepted: 11/11/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE During the development of addiction, addictive drugs induce transient and long-lasting changes in the brain including expression of endogenous molecules and alteration of morphological structure. Of the altered endogenous molecules, some facilitate but others slow the development of drug addiction. Previously, we have reported that tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) is a critical molecule among endogenous anti-addictive modulators using animal models of drug-conditioned place preference and drug discrimination. OBJECTIVES Does targeted deletion of the TNF-α gene in mice affect methamphetamine (METH) self-administration, motivation to self-administer METH, cue-induced reinstatement of METH-seeking behavior, and food reinforcement or seeking behavior? METHODS Both METH self-administration and reinstatement of drug-seeking behavior and food self-delivery and food-seeking behavior were measured in TNF-α (-/-) and wild-type mice. RESULTS There were an upward shift of dose responses to METH self-administration under a fixed ratio schedule of reinforcement and higher breaking points under a progressive ratio schedule of reinforcement in TNF-α knockout (TNF-α (-/-)) mice as compared with wild-type mice. There was no significant difference in cue-induced reinstatement of METH-seeking behavior, food-maintained operant behavior, motivation to natural food, and cue-induced food-seeking behavior between TNF-α (-/-) and wild-type mice. CONCLUSION TNF-α affects METH self-administration and motivation to self-administer METH but contributes to neither METH-associated cue-induced relapsing behavior nor food reward and food-seeking behavior. TNF-α may be explored for use as a diagnostic biomarker for the early stage of drug addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijin Yan
- Department of Neuropsychopharmacology and Hospital Pharmacy, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya 466-8560, Japan
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Fox HC, D’Sa C, Kimmerling A, Siedlarz KM, Tuit KL, Stowe R, Sinha R. Immune system inflammation in cocaine dependent individuals: implications for medications development. Hum Psychopharmacol 2012; 27:156-66. [PMID: 22389080 PMCID: PMC3674778 DOI: 10.1002/hup.1251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cocaine dependence is a chronic stress state. Furthermore, both stress and substance abuse have robust and reciprocal effects on immune system cytokines, which are known to be powerful modulators of mood. We therefore examine basal and provoked changes in peripheral cytokines in cocaine dependent individuals to better understand their role in the negative reinforcing effects of cocaine. METHODS Twenty-eight (16 F/12 M) treatment-seeking cocaine dependent individuals and 27 (14 F/13 M) social drinkers were exposed to three 5-min guided imagery conditions (stress, drug cue, relaxing) presented randomly across consecutive days. Measures of salivary cortisol, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), interleukin-10 (IL-10), and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) were collected at baseline and various post-imagery time-points. RESULTS Cocaine abusers demonstrated decreased basal IL-10 compared with social drinkers. They also showed significant elevations in pro-inflammatory TNFα when exposed to stress compared with when they were exposed to relaxing imagery. This was not observed in the social drinkers. Conversely, social drinkers demonstrated increases in the anti-inflammatory markers, IL-10 and IL-1ra, following exposure to cue, which were not seen in the dependent individuals. CONCLUSIONS Cocaine dependent individuals demonstrate an elevated inflammatory state both at baseline and following exposure to the stress imagery condition. Cytokines may reflect potentially novel biomarkers in addicted populations for treatment development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen C. Fox
- The Connecticut Mental Health Center, Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, New Haven, USA,Correspondence to: H. C. Fox, The Connecticut Mental Health Center, Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, 34 Park Street, New Haven, CT06519, USA.
| | - Carrol D’Sa
- The Yale Stress Center, Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, New Haven, USA
| | - Anne Kimmerling
- The Connecticut Mental Health Center, Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, New Haven, USA
| | - Kristen M. Siedlarz
- The Connecticut Mental Health Center, Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, New Haven, USA
| | - Keri L. Tuit
- The Yale Stress Center, Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, New Haven, USA
| | | | - Rajita Sinha
- The Connecticut Mental Health Center, Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, New Haven, USA,The Yale Stress Center, Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, New Haven, USA
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Matrix metalloproteinases contribute to neuronal dysfunction in animal models of drug dependence, Alzheimer's disease, and epilepsy. Biochem Res Int 2011; 2011:681385. [PMID: 22235372 PMCID: PMC3253438 DOI: 10.1155/2011/681385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2011] [Accepted: 11/17/2011] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) remodel the pericellular environment by regulating the cleavage of extracellular matrix proteins, cell surface components, neurotransmitter receptors, and growth factors that mediate cell adhesion, synaptogenesis, synaptic plasticity, and long-term potentiation. Interestingly, increased MMP activity and dysregulation of the balance between MMPs and TIMPs have also been implicated in various pathologic conditions. In this paper, we discuss various animal models that suggest that the activation of the gelatinases MMP-2 and MMP-9 is involved in pathogenesis of drug dependence, Alzheimer's disease, and epilepsy.
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Mizoguchi H, Yamada K. Pharmacologic Treatment with GABA(B) Receptor Agonist of Methamphetamine-Induced Cognitive Impairment in Mice. Curr Neuropharmacol 2011; 9:109-12. [PMID: 21886573 PMCID: PMC3137162 DOI: 10.2174/157015911795016976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2009] [Revised: 04/17/2010] [Accepted: 05/26/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Methamphetamine (METH) is a highly addictive drug, and addiction to METH has increased to epidemic proportions worldwide. Chronic use of METH causes psychiatric symptoms, such as hallucinations and delusions, and long-term cognitive deficits, which are indistinguishable from paranoid schizophrenia. The GABA receptor system is known to play a significant role in modulating the dopaminergic neuronal system, which is related to behavioral changes induced by drug abuse. However, few studies have investigated the effects of GABA receptor agonists on cognitive deficits induced by METH. In the present review, we show that baclofen, a GABA receptor agonist, is effective in treating METH-induced impairment of object recognition memory and prepulse inhibition (PPI) of the startle reflex, a measure of sensorimotor gating in mice. Acute and repeated treatment with METH induced a significant impairment of PPI. Furthermore, repeated but not acute treatment of METH resulted in a long-lasting deficit of object recognition memory. Baclofen, a GABA(B) receptor agonist, dose-dependently ameliorated the METH-induced PPI deficits and object recognition memory impairment in mice. On the other hand, THIP, a GABA(A) receptor agonist, had no effect on METH-induced cognitive deficits. These results suggest that GABA(B) receptors may constitute a putative new target in treating cognitive deficits in chronic METH users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Mizoguchi
- Futuristic Environmental Simulation Center, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
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Michaluk P, Wawrzyniak M, Alot P, Szczot M, Wyrembek P, Mercik K, Medvedev N, Wilczek E, De Roo M, Zuschratter W, Muller D, Wilczynski GM, Mozrzymas JW, Stewart MG, Kaczmarek L, Wlodarczyk J. Influence of matrix metalloproteinase MMP-9 on dendritic spine morphology. J Cell Sci 2011; 124:3369-80. [PMID: 21896646 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.090852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
An increasing body of data has shown that matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), an extracellularly acting, Zn(2+)-dependent endopeptidase, is important not only for pathologies of the central nervous system but also for neuronal plasticity. Here, we use three independent experimental models to show that enzymatic activity of MMP-9 causes elongation and thinning of dendritic spines in the hippocampal neurons. These models are: a recently developed transgenic rat overexpressing autoactivating MMP-9, dissociated neuronal cultures, and organotypic neuronal cultures treated with recombinant autoactivating MMP-9. This dendritic effect is mediated by integrin β1 signalling. MMP-9 treatment also produces a change in the decay time of miniature synaptic currents; however, it does not change the abundance and localization of synaptic markers in dendritic protrusions. Our results, considered together with several recent studies, strongly imply that MMP-9 is functionally involved in synaptic remodelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Michaluk
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, The Nencki Institute, Pasteura 3, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland.
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Zhou JY, Mo ZX, Zhou SW. Rhynchophylline down-regulates NR2B expression in cortex and hippocampal CA1 area of amphetamine-induced conditioned place preference rat. Arch Pharm Res 2010; 33:557-65. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-010-0410-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2009] [Revised: 01/11/2010] [Accepted: 01/18/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Wright JW, Harding JW. Contributions of matrix metalloproteinases to neural plasticity, habituation, associative learning and drug addiction. Neural Plast 2010; 2009:579382. [PMID: 20169175 PMCID: PMC2821634 DOI: 10.1155/2009/579382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2009] [Revised: 11/22/2009] [Accepted: 12/15/2009] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The premise of this paper is that increased expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) permits the reconfiguration of synaptic connections (i.e., neural plasticity) by degrading cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) designed to provide stability to those extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins that form scaffolding supporting neurons and glia. It is presumed that while these ECM proteins are weakened, and/or detached, synaptic connections can form resulting in new neural pathways. Tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) are designed to deactivate MMPs permitting the reestablishment of CAMs, thus returning the system to a reasonably fixed state. This review considers available findings concerning the roles of MMPs and TIMPs in reorganizing ECM proteins thus facilitating the neural plasticity underlying long-term potentiation (LTP), habituation, and associative learning. We conclude with a consideration of the influence of these phenomena on drug addiction, given that these same processes may be instrumental in the formation of addiction and subsequent relapse. However, our knowledge concerning the precise spatial and temporal relationships among the mechanisms of neural plasticity, habituation, associative learning, and memory consolidation is far from complete and the possibility that these phenomena mediate drug addiction is a new direction of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- John W Wright
- Department of Psychology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-4820, USA.
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Xin H, Li Y, Shen LH, Liu X, Wang X, Zhang J, Pourabdollah-Nejad D S, Zhang C, Zhang L, Jiang H, Zhang ZG, Chopp M. Increasing tPA activity in astrocytes induced by multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells facilitate neurite outgrowth after stroke in the mouse. PLoS One 2010; 5:e9027. [PMID: 20140248 PMCID: PMC2815778 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0009027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2009] [Accepted: 01/11/2010] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
We demonstrate that tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) and its inhibitors contribute to neurite outgrowth in the central nervous system (CNS) after treatment of stroke with multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). In vivo, administration of MSCs to mice subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) significantly increased activation of tPA and downregulated PAI-1 levels in the ischemic boundary zone (IBZ) compared with control PBS treated mice, concurrently with increases of myelinated axons and synaptophysin. In vitro, MSCs significantly increased tPA levels and concomitantly reduced plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) expression in astrocytes under normal and oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD) conditions. ELISA analysis of conditioned medium revealed that MSCs stimulated astrocytes to secrete tPA. When primary cortical neurons were cultured in the conditioned medium from MSC co-cultured astrocytes, these neurons exhibited a significant increase in neurite outgrowth compared to conditioned medium from astrocytes alone. Blockage of tPA with a neutralizing antibody or knock-down of tPA with siRNA significantly attenuated the effect of the conditioned medium on neurite outgrowth. Addition of recombinant human tPA into cortical neuronal cultures also substantially enhanced neurite outgrowth. Collectively, these in vivo and in vitro data suggest that the MSC mediated increased activation of tPA in astrocytes promotes neurite outgrowth after stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongqi Xin
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Li Hong Shen
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Xianshuang Liu
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Xinli Wang
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | | | - Chunling Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Hao Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Zheng Gang Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Michael Chopp
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Physics, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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