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Fukuyama Y, Kubo M, Harada K. Neurotrophic Natural Products. PROGRESS IN THE CHEMISTRY OF ORGANIC NATURAL PRODUCTS 2024; 123:1-473. [PMID: 38340248 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-42422-9_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Neurotrophins (NGF, BDNF, NT3, NT4) can decrease cell death, induce differentiation, as well as sustain the structure and function of neurons, which make them promising therapeutic agents for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. However, neurotrophins have not been very effective in clinical trials mostly because they cannot pass through the blood-brain barrier owing to being high-molecular-weight proteins. Thus, neurotrophin-mimic small molecules, which stimulate the synthesis of endogenous neurotrophins or enhance neurotrophic actions, may serve as promising alternatives to neurotrophins. Small-molecular-weight natural products, which have been used in dietary functional foods or in traditional medicines over the course of human history, have a great potential for the development of new therapeutic agents against neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. In this contribution, a variety of natural products possessing neurotrophic properties such as neurogenesis, neurite outgrowth promotion (neuritogenesis), and neuroprotection are described, and a focus is made on the chemistry and biology of several neurotrophic natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiyasu Fukuyama
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Tokushima, 770-8514, Japan.
| | - Miwa Kubo
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Tokushima, 770-8514, Japan
| | - Kenichi Harada
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Tokushima, 770-8514, Japan
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2
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Khotimchenko YS, Silachev DN, Katanaev VL. Marine Natural Products from the Russian Pacific as Sources of Drugs for Neurodegenerative Diseases. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:708. [PMID: 36421986 PMCID: PMC9697637 DOI: 10.3390/md20110708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are growing to become one of humanity's biggest health problems, given the number of individuals affected by them. They cause enough mortalities and severe economic impact to rival cancers and infections. With the current diversity of pathophysiological mechanisms involved in neurodegenerative diseases, on the one hand, and scarcity of efficient prevention and treatment strategies, on the other, all possible sources for novel drug discovery must be employed. Marine pharmacology represents a relatively uncharted territory to seek promising compounds, despite the enormous chemodiversity it offers. The current work discusses one vast marine region-the Northwestern or Russian Pacific-as the treasure chest for marine-based drug discovery targeting neurodegenerative diseases. We overview the natural products of neurological properties already discovered from its waters and survey the existing molecular and cellular targets for pharmacological modulation of the disease. We further provide a general assessment of the drug discovery potential of the Russian Pacific in case of its systematic development to tackle neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri S. Khotimchenko
- Institute of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University, 8 ul. Sukhanova, 690950 Vladivostok, Russia
- A.V. Zhirmunsky National Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 690950 Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Denis N. Silachev
- Department of Functional Biochemistry of Biopolymers, A.N. Belozersky Research Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir L. Katanaev
- Institute of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University, 8 ul. Sukhanova, 690950 Vladivostok, Russia
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Translational Research Centre in Oncohaematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
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3
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Cho YT, Adak A, Su YY, Chang TW, Lin CC. Chemoenzymatic Total Synthesis of the Neuritogenic Echinoderm Ganglioside LLG‐5 and Related Analogues. Adv Synth Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202200724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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4
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Ma Y, Wang X, Wang Z, Cong P, Xu J, Xue C. Characterization of Gangliosides in Three Sea Urchin Species by HILIC-ESI-MS/MS. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:7641-7651. [PMID: 34184526 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c02058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Sea urchin gangliosides (SU-GLSs) are well acknowledged for their nerve regeneration activity and neuroprotective property. The present study sought to characterize and semi-quantitate different SU-GLS subclasses in three sea urchin species, including Strongylocentrotus nudus, Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus, and Glyptocidaris crenularis. A total of 14 SU-GLS subclasses were identified by a hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography-Q-Exactive tandem mass spectrometry method. Three sialic acid (Sia) structures, including Neu5Ac, Neu5Gc, and KDN, were identified in SU-GLSs, of which Neu5Ac and Neu5Gc had their corresponding sulfated forms. The linkage among Sias was determined to be 2-8. Additionally, KDN2-6Glc1-1Cer, KDN2-8Neu5Gc2-6Glc1-1Cer, and KDN2-8Neu5Gc2-8Neu5Gc2-6Glc-1Cer were speculated to be novel SU-GLS structures. Furthermore, the total SU-GLS content was 2.0-7.3 mg/g in the three sea urchin species. These results will provide useful data for developing a SU-GLS database of aquatic products. Besides, this study will provide a theoretical basis to explore the nutritional values of seafood products further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingxu Ma
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No. 5, Yushan Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, China
| | - Xincen Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No. 5, Yushan Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, China
| | - Zhigao Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No. 5, Yushan Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, China
| | - Peixu Cong
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No. 5, Yushan Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, China
| | - Jie Xu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No. 5, Yushan Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, China
| | - Changhu Xue
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No. 5, Yushan Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, China
- Laboratory of Marine Drugs and Biological Products, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), No. 1, Wenhai Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
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Malyarenko TV, Kicha AA, Stonik VA, Ivanchina NV. Sphingolipids of Asteroidea and Holothuroidea: Structures and Biological Activities. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:330. [PMID: 34200995 PMCID: PMC8228791 DOI: 10.3390/md19060330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingolipids are complex lipids widespread in nature as structural components of biomembranes. Commonly, the sphingolipids of marine organisms differ from those of terrestrial animals and plants. The gangliosides are the most complex sphingolipids characteristic of vertebrates that have been found in only the Echinodermata (echinoderms) phylum of invertebrates. Sphingolipids of the representatives of the Asteroidea and Holothuroidea classes are the most studied among all echinoderms. In this review, we have summarized the data on sphingolipids of these two classes of marine invertebrates over the past two decades. Recently established structures, properties, and peculiarities of biogenesis of ceramides, cerebrosides, and gangliosides from starfishes and holothurians are discussed. The purpose of this review is to provide the most complete information on the chemical structures, structural features, and biological activities of sphingolipids of the Asteroidea and Holothuroidea classes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timofey V. Malyarenko
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pr. 100-let Vladivostoku 159, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia; (A.A.K.); (V.A.S.)
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Natural Sciences, Far Eastern Federal University, Sukhanova Str. 8, 690000 Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Alla A. Kicha
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pr. 100-let Vladivostoku 159, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia; (A.A.K.); (V.A.S.)
| | - Valentin A. Stonik
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pr. 100-let Vladivostoku 159, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia; (A.A.K.); (V.A.S.)
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Natural Sciences, Far Eastern Federal University, Sukhanova Str. 8, 690000 Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Natalia V. Ivanchina
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pr. 100-let Vladivostoku 159, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia; (A.A.K.); (V.A.S.)
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6
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Wu YF, Tsai YF, Huang YS, Shih JF. Total Synthesis of the Echinodermatous Ganglioside LLG-3 Possessing the Biological Function of Promoting the Neurite Outgrowth. Org Lett 2020; 22:7491-7495. [PMID: 32965122 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c02692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A total synthesis of echinodermatous ganglioside LLG-3 with neuritogenic activity was accomplished by a convergent strategy. The synthesis of 2-hydroxyethyl 8-O-Me-α-sialoside 2 was started from the phenyl 7,8-di-O-Pico-thiosialoside 5, which can be chemoselectively removed the picoloyl group, and then the methyl group in 8-O-MeNeu5Ac moiety was chemoselectively prepared using TMSCHN2/FeCl3. For preparation of the terminal disialic unit, oxidative amidation was initially utilized by our group to efficiently construct the α(2,11) linkage of 8-O-Me-Neu5Acα(2,11)Neu5Gc. Herein, we also demonstrate that the synthesized ganglioside LLG-3 exhibited the neuritogenic activity toward the primary cortical neurons and that biological activity is superior to that of ganglioside DSG-A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Fa Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Chung Yuan Christian University, 200 Zhongbei Road, Chung Li District, Taoyuan City 32023, Taiwan
| | - Yow-Fu Tsai
- Department of Chemistry, Chung Yuan Christian University, 200 Zhongbei Road, Chung Li District, Taoyuan City 32023, Taiwan
| | - Yuahn-Sieh Huang
- Department of Biology and Anatomy, National Defense Medical Center, 161 Section 6, Minquan East Road, Neihu District, Taipei City 11490, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Feng Shih
- Department of Chemistry, Chung Yuan Christian University, 200 Zhongbei Road, Chung Li District, Taoyuan City 32023, Taiwan
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Eckmair B, Jin C, Karlsson NG, Abed-Navandi D, Wilson IBH, Paschinger K. Glycosylation at an evolutionary nexus: the brittle star Ophiactis savignyi expresses both vertebrate and invertebrate N-glycomic features. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:3173-3188. [PMID: 32001617 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.011703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Echinoderms are among the most primitive deuterostomes and have been used as model organisms to understand chordate biology because of their close evolutionary relationship to this phylogenetic group. However, there are almost no data available regarding the N-glycomic capacity of echinoderms, which are otherwise known to produce a diverse set of species-specific glycoconjugates, including ones heavily modified by fucose, sulfate, and sialic acid residues. To increase the knowledge of diversity of carbohydrate structures within this phylum, here we conducted an in-depth analysis of N-glycans from a brittle star (Ophiactis savignyi) as an example member of the class Ophiuroidea. To this end, we performed a multi-step N-glycan analysis by HPLC and various exoglyosidase and chemical treatments in combination with MALDI-TOF MS and MS/MS. Using this approach, we found a wealth of hybrid and complex oligosaccharide structures reminiscent of those in higher vertebrates as well as some classical invertebrate glycan structures. 70% of these N-glycans were anionic, carrying either sialic acid, sulfate, or phosphate residues. In terms of glycophylogeny, our data position the brittle star between invertebrates and vertebrates and confirm the high diversity of N-glycosylation in lower organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Eckmair
- Department für Chemie, Universität für Bodenkultur Wien, 1190 Wien, Austria
| | - Chunsheng Jin
- Institutionen för Biomedicin, Göteborgs Universitet, 405 30 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Niclas G Karlsson
- Institutionen för Biomedicin, Göteborgs Universitet, 405 30 Göteborg, Sweden
| | | | - Iain B H Wilson
- Department für Chemie, Universität für Bodenkultur Wien, 1190 Wien, Austria
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8
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Paschinger K, Wilson IBH. Anionic and zwitterionic moieties as widespread glycan modifications in non-vertebrates. Glycoconj J 2019; 37:27-40. [PMID: 31278613 PMCID: PMC6994554 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-019-09874-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Glycan structures in non-vertebrates are highly variable; it can be assumed that this is a product of evolution and speciation, not that it is just a random event. However, in animals and protists, there is a relatively limited repertoire of around ten monosaccharide building blocks, most of which are neutral in terms of charge. While two monosaccharide types in eukaryotes (hexuronic and sialic acids) are anionic, there are a number of organic or inorganic modifications of glycans such as sulphate, pyruvate, phosphate, phosphorylcholine, phosphoethanolamine and aminoethylphosphonate that also confer a 'charged' nature (either anionic or zwitterionic) to glycoconjugate structures. These alter the physicochemical properties of the glycans to which they are attached, change their ionisation when analysing them by mass spectrometry and result in different interactions with protein receptors. Here, we focus on N-glycans carrying anionic and zwitterionic modifications in protists and invertebrates, but make some reference to O-glycans, glycolipids and glycosaminoglycans which also contain such moieties. The conclusion is that 'charged' glycoconjugates are a widespread, but easily overlooked, feature of 'lower' organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Iain B H Wilson
- Department für Chemie, Universität für Bodenkultur, 1190, Wien, Austria.
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9
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Abstract
Sialic acids are cytoprotectors, mainly localized on the surface of cell membranes with multiple and outstanding cell biological functions. The history of their structural analysis, occurrence, and functions is fascinating and described in this review. Reports from different researchers on apparently similar substances from a variety of biological materials led to the identification of a 9-carbon monosaccharide, which in 1957 was designated "sialic acid." The most frequently occurring member of the sialic acid family is N-acetylneuraminic acid, followed by N-glycolylneuraminic acid and O-acetylated derivatives, and up to now over about 80 neuraminic acid derivatives have been described. They appeared first in the animal kingdom, ranging from echinoderms up to higher animals, in many microorganisms, and are also expressed in insects, but are absent in higher plants. Sialic acids are masks and ligands and play as such dual roles in biology. Their involvement in immunology and tumor biology, as well as in hereditary diseases, cannot be underestimated. N-Glycolylneuraminic acid is very special, as this sugar cannot be expressed by humans, but is a xenoantigen with pathogenetic potential. Sialidases (neuraminidases), which liberate sialic acids from cellular compounds, had been known from very early on from studies with influenza viruses. Sialyltransferases, which are responsible for the sialylation of glycans and elongation of polysialic acids, are studied because of their significance in development and, for instance, in cancer. As more information about the functions in health and disease is acquired, the use of sialic acids in the treatment of diseases is also envisaged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roland Schauer
- Biochemisches Institut, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany.
| | - Johannis P Kamerling
- Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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10
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Gentile E, Liuzzi GM. Marine pharmacology: therapeutic targeting of matrix metalloproteinases in neuroinflammation. Drug Discov Today 2016; 22:299-313. [PMID: 27697495 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2016.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Revised: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Alterations in matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) expression and activity are recognized as key pathogenetic events in several neurological disorders. This evidence makes MMPs possible therapeutic targets. The search for substances that can inhibit MMPs is moving progressively toward the screening of natural products. In particular, marine bioprospecting could be promising for the discovery of marine natural products with anti-MMP activities. Despite recent advances in this field, the possibility of using marine MMP inhibitors (MMPIs) for the treatment of neuroinflammation is still under-investigated. Here, we review the latest findings in this promising research field and the potential that marine MMPIs can have in the management and treatment of various neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenia Gentile
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Grazia M Liuzzi
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy.
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11
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Grosso C, Valentão P, Ferreres F, Andrade PB. Bioactive marine drugs and marine biomaterials for brain diseases. Mar Drugs 2014; 12:2539-89. [PMID: 24798925 PMCID: PMC4052305 DOI: 10.3390/md12052539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2014] [Revised: 04/10/2014] [Accepted: 04/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine invertebrates produce a plethora of bioactive compounds, which serve as inspiration for marine biotechnology, particularly in drug discovery programs and biomaterials development. This review aims to summarize the potential of drugs derived from marine invertebrates in the field of neuroscience. Therefore, some examples of neuroprotective drugs and neurotoxins will be discussed. Their role in neuroscience research and development of new therapies targeting the central nervous system will be addressed, with particular focus on neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. In addition, the neuronal growth promoted by marine drugs, as well as the recent advances in neural tissue engineering, will be highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Grosso
- REQUIMTE/Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, no. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Patrícia Valentão
- REQUIMTE/Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, no. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Federico Ferreres
- Research Group on Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Department of Food Science and Technology, CEBAS (CSIC), P.O. Box 164, Campus University Espinardo, Murcia 30100, Spain.
| | - Paula B Andrade
- REQUIMTE/Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, no. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
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12
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Kolter T. Ganglioside biochemistry. ISRN BIOCHEMISTRY 2012; 2012:506160. [PMID: 25969757 PMCID: PMC4393008 DOI: 10.5402/2012/506160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2012] [Accepted: 10/09/2012] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Gangliosides are sialic acid-containing glycosphingolipids. They occur especially on the cellular surfaces of neuronal cells, where they form a complex pattern, but are also found in many other cell types. The paper provides a general overview on their structures, occurrence, and metabolism. Key functional, biochemical, and pathobiochemical aspects are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Kolter
- Program Unit Membrane Biology & Lipid Biochemistry, LiMES, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk Straße 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
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Tamai H, Ando H, Ishida H, Kiso M. First synthesis of a pentasaccharide moiety of ganglioside GAA-7 containing unusually modified sialic acids through the use of N-Troc-sialic acid derivative as a key unit. Org Lett 2012; 14:6342-5. [PMID: 23228133 DOI: 10.1021/ol303122w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The pentasaccharide part of the potent neuritogenic ganglioside GAA-7 has been synthesized for the first time. The unique branched terminus constituting partially modified sialic acids and N-acetylgalactosamine was successfully established by stereoselective double-sialylation using 8-O-methyl-N-Troc-sialic acid as a donor. The final 4 + 1 coupling reaction provided a high yield of pentasaccharide, which was deprotected to deliver the target molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Tamai
- Department of Applied Bioorganic Chemistry, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu-shi, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
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Rich JR, Withers SG. A Chemoenzymatic Total Synthesis of the Neurogenic Starfish Ganglioside LLG‐3 Using an Engineered and Evolved Synthase. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201204578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jamie R. Rich
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C., V6T 1Z1 (Canada)
| | - Stephen G. Withers
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C., V6T 1Z1 (Canada)
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15
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Rich JR, Withers SG. A Chemoenzymatic Total Synthesis of the Neurogenic Starfish Ganglioside LLG‐3 Using an Engineered and Evolved Synthase. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:8640-3. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201204578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jamie R. Rich
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C., V6T 1Z1 (Canada)
| | - Stephen G. Withers
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C., V6T 1Z1 (Canada)
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16
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Dong G, Xu T, Yang B, Lin X, Zhou X, Yang X, Liu Y. Chemical constituents and bioactivities of starfish. Chem Biodivers 2011; 8:740-91. [PMID: 21560228 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.200900344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Starfish have been the research topic in many chemical and pharmacological laboratories due to their complex secondary metabolites and diverse bioactivities. The aim of this review is to provide an up-to-date review on the chemistry and bioactivity of compounds isolated from all kinds of starfish to illustrate the chemodiversity and biological significance of these constituents, along with their geographical distribution where it is discernible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Dong
- Key Laboratory of Marine Bio-resources Sustainable Utilization, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou, P. R. China
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17
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Sisu E, Flangea C, Serb A, Rizzi A, Zamfir AD. High-performance separation techniques hyphenated to mass spectrometry for ganglioside analysis. Electrophoresis 2011; 32:1591-609. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201100067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2011] [Revised: 03/09/2011] [Accepted: 03/09/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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18
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Hanashima S, Sato KI, Naito Y, Takematsu H, Kozutsumi Y, Ito Y, Yamaguchi Y. Synthesis and binding analysis of unique AG2 pentasaccharide to human Siglec-2 using NMR techniques. Bioorg Med Chem 2010; 18:3720-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2010.03.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2010] [Revised: 03/19/2010] [Accepted: 03/25/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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19
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Miyamoto T, Higuchi R. Glycosphingolipids of Echinoderms-The Chemical Diversity of Carbohydrate and Ceramide Structure-. J SYN ORG CHEM JPN 2010. [DOI: 10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.68.501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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21
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Inagaki M, Saito T, Miyamoto T, Higuchi R. Isolation and structure of hematoside-type ganglioside from the starfish Linckia laevigata. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2009; 57:204-6. [PMID: 19182413 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.57.204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A hematoside-type ganglioside, LLG-1 (1), has been obtained from the polar lipid fraction of the chloroform/methanol extract of the starfish Linckia laevigata. The structure of the ganglioside has been determined on the basis of chemical and spectroscopic evidence as 1-O-[N-glycolyl-alpha-D-neuraminosyl-(2-->3)-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1-->4)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl]-ceramide. The ceramide moiety was composed of heterogeneous 2-hydroxy fatty acid and phytosphingosine units. This is the first report on the isolation and structure elucidation of naked hematoside-type ganglioside from echinoderms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Inagaki
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
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Mayer AMS, Rodríguez AD, Berlinck RGS, Hamann MT. Marine pharmacology in 2005-6: Marine compounds with anthelmintic, antibacterial, anticoagulant, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antimalarial, antiprotozoal, antituberculosis, and antiviral activities; affecting the cardiovascular, immune and nervous systems, and other miscellaneous mechanisms of action. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2009; 1790:283-308. [PMID: 19303911 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2009.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2008] [Revised: 03/09/2009] [Accepted: 03/12/2009] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The review presents the 2005-2006 peer-reviewed marine pharmacology literature, and follows a similar format to the authors' 1998-2004 reviews. The preclinical pharmacology of chemically characterized marine compounds isolated from marine animals, algae, fungi and bacteria is systematically presented. RESULTS Anthelmintic, antibacterial, anticoagulant, antifungal, antimalarial, antiprotozoal, antituberculosis and antiviral activities were reported for 78 marine chemicals. Additionally 47 marine compounds were reported to affect the cardiovascular, immune and nervous system as well as possess anti-inflammatory effects. Finally, 58 marine compounds were shown to bind to a variety of molecular targets, and thus could potentially contribute to several pharmacological classes. CONCLUSIONS Marine pharmacology research during 2005-2006 was truly global in nature, involving investigators from 32 countries, and the United States, and contributed 183 marine chemical leads to the research pipeline aimed at the discovery of novel therapeutic agents. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Continued preclinical and clinical research with marine natural products demonstrating a broad spectrum of pharmacological activity will probably result in novel therapeutic agents for the treatment of multiple disease categories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro M S Mayer
- Department of Pharmacology, Chicago College of Osteopathic Medicine, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL 60515, USA.
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Hanashima S, Ishikawa D, Akai S, Sato KI. Synthesis of the starfish ganglioside LLG-3 tetrasaccharide. Carbohydr Res 2009; 344:747-52. [PMID: 19281969 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2009.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2008] [Revised: 01/30/2009] [Accepted: 02/04/2009] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The first synthesis of the ganglioside LLG-3 tetrasaccharide, which has attractive biological activities as well as a unique structure, is described. A C8-methoxy decorated sialic acid building block was initially prepared and a glycolic acid moiety was then introduced by sialylation. Amide condensation between the sialyl glycolic acid and an amino group at C5 on the sialyllactoside unit afforded the fully protected LLG-3 tetrasaccharide. Finally, the desired tetrasaccharide part of LLG-3 was obtained after careful global deprotection. [structure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinya Hanashima
- Material and Life Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kanagawa University, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
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Inagaki M. [Structure and biological activity of glycosphingolipids from starfish and feather stars]. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2008; 128:1187-94. [PMID: 18670184 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.128.1187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Glycosphingolipids (GSLs) are contained in a various cell membranes and have recently been implicated in many physiologic functions. They are classified based on their sugar moieties into ceramides, cerebrosides, sulfatides, ceramide-oligohexosides, globosides, and gangliosides. A number of GSLs have been obtained from marine invertebrates such as echinoderms, poriferans, and mollusks and have unique biological activities. During the course of our search for biologically active GSLs from echinoderms, we conducted the isolation and structural elucidation of GSLs from starfish and feather stars and found numerous GSLs, some of which have unique structures. In particular, gangliosides from feather stars were unique in that the sialic acids bind to inositol-phosphoceramide. We also found that the GSLs from starfish and feather stars possess neuritogenic activity toward the rat pheochromocytoma cell line PC12, antihyperglycemic effects against type 2 diabetic BKS. Cg-m+/+Leprdb/J (db/db) mice, and antiosteoporosis effects toward the osteoporosis model mice (OVX mice). These biological activities are thought to be related to dementia, osteoporosis, and diabetes, which are becoming social problems, and are expected to become the seeds of preventive or therapeutic drugs for these illness.
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Abstract
This review covers the literature published in 2005 for marine natural products, with 704 citations (493 for the period January to December 2005) referring to compounds isolated from marine microorganisms and phytoplankton, green algae, brown algae, red algae, sponges, coelenterates, bryozoans, molluscs, tunicates and echinoderms. The emphasis is on new compounds (812 for 2005), together with their relevant biological activities, source organisms and country of origin. Biosynthetic studies, first syntheses, and syntheses that lead to the revision of structures or stereochemistries, have been included.
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Affiliation(s)
- John W Blunt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand.
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Kaneko M, Yamada K, Miyamoto T, Inagaki M, Higuchi R. Neuritogenic Activity of Gangliosides from Echinoderms and Their Structure-Activity Relationship. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2007; 55:462-3. [PMID: 17329892 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.55.462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The effects of the gangliosides isolated from echinoderms on the neuritogenesis of a rat pheochromocytoma cell line (PC-12 cells) in the presence of nerve growth factor were investigated. The results show that they displayed neuritogenic activity. Based on the observed results, a structure-activity relationship has been established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masafumi Kaneko
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi, Fukuoka, Japan
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Inagaki M, Nakata T, Higuchi R. Isolation and structure of a galactocerebroside molecular species from the starfish Culcita novaeguineae. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2006; 54:260-1. [PMID: 16462079 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.54.260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A galactocerebroside molecular species, CNC-2, has been isolated from the less polar lipid fraction of a chloroform/methanol extract of the starfish Culcita novaeguineae. The structure of this galactocerebroside molecular species was determined on the basis of chemical and spectroscopic evidence. CNC-2 is a phytosphingosine-type galactocerebroside molecular species with nonhydroxylated and hydroxylated fatty acyl moieties. The isolation of a galactocerebroside from echinoderms is rare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Inagaki
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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