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Singh SK, Shrivastava S, Mishra AK, Kumar D, Pandey VK, Srivastava P, Pradhan B, Behera BC, Bahuguna A, Baek KH. Friedelin: Structure, Biosynthesis, Extraction, and Its Potential Health Impact. Molecules 2023; 28:7760. [PMID: 38067489 PMCID: PMC10707989 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28237760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Pharmaceutical companies are investigating more source matrices for natural bioactive chemicals. Friedelin (friedelan-3-one) is a pentacyclic triterpene isolated from various plant species from different families as well as mosses and lichen. The fundamental compounds of these friedelane triterpenoids are abundantly found in cork tissues and leaf materials of diverse plant genera such as Celastraceae, Asteraceae, Fabaceae, and Myrtaceae. They possess many pharmacological effects, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, and antimicrobial activities. Friedelin also has an anti-insect effect and the ability to alter the soil microbial ecology, making it vital to agriculture. Ultrasound, microwave, supercritical fluid, ionic liquid, and acid hydrolysis extract friedelin with reduced environmental impact. Recently, the high demand for friedelin has led to the development of CRISPR/Cas9 technology and gene overexpression plasmids to produce friedelin using genetically engineered yeast. Friedelin with low cytotoxicity to normal cells can be the best phytochemical for the drug of choice. The review summarizes the structural interpretation, biosynthesis, physicochemical properties, quantification, and various forms of pharmacological significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Kumar Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, ARKA Jain University, Jamshedpur 832108, Jharkhand, India; (S.K.S.); (P.S.)
| | - Shweta Shrivastava
- School of Pharmacy, ARKA Jain University, Jamshedpur 832108, Jharkhand, India;
| | - Awdhesh Kumar Mishra
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Darshan Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, ARKA Jain University, Jamshedpur 832108, Jharkhand, India; (S.K.S.); (P.S.)
| | - Vijay Kant Pandey
- Department of Agriculture, Netaji Subhas University, Jamshedpur 831012, Jharkhand, India;
| | - Pratima Srivastava
- Department of Biotechnology, ARKA Jain University, Jamshedpur 832108, Jharkhand, India; (S.K.S.); (P.S.)
| | - Biswaranjan Pradhan
- S.K. Dash Centre of Excellence of Biosciences and Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Bhubaneswar 752050, Odisha, India;
| | - Bikash Chandra Behera
- School of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 752050, Odisha, India;
| | - Ashutosh Bahuguna
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea;
| | - Kwang-Hyun Baek
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
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Joshi RK. Bioactive Usual and Unusual Triterpenoids Derived from Natural Sources Used in Traditional Medicine. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202200853. [PMID: 36598091 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202200853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Triterpenoids are accessible in several terrestrial plants as well as marine organisms, including sponges, algae, fungi, and sea cucumbers are examples of marine creatures. So far, more than 20,000 natural triterpenoids have exhibited several varied bioactivities, including anticancer, antimalarial, anti-HIV, inhibit HIF-1 activation, antibacterial, chemopreventive, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, cardioprotective, antiviral, neuroprotective, hepatoprotective, insecticidal, antidiabetic, cytotoxic. Several plants are used in folklore medicine to treat numerous ailments, and the preparation or uses of traditional practices have been scientifically validated. Although various structural diversity has been observed in the triterpenoids, this review presents the sources and uses of those triterpenoids that showed significant biological activities which could be accessible and promoted to familiar people in the form of traditional medicine or for industrial, or pharmaceutical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh K Joshi
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, ICMR-National Institute of Traditional Medicine, Karnataka, 590010, India
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Keumoe R, Koffi JG, Dize D, Fokou PVT, Tchamgoue J, Ayong L, Ndjakou BL, Sewald N, Ngameni B, Boyom FF. Identification of 3,3'-O-dimethylellagic acid and apigenin as the main antiplasmodial constituents of Endodesmia calophylloides Benth and Hymenostegia afzelii (Oliver.) Harms. BMC Complement Med Ther 2021; 21:180. [PMID: 34187456 PMCID: PMC8243547 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-021-03352-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Endodesmia calophylloides and Hymenostegia afzelii belong to the Guttiferae and Caesalpiniaceae plant families with known uses in African ethno-medicine to treat malaria and several other diseases. This study aimed at identifying antiplasmodial natural products from selected crude extracts from H. afzelii and E. calophylloides and to assess their cytotoxicity. Methods The extracts from H. afzelii and E. calophylloides were subjected to bioassay-guided fractionation to identify antiplasmodial compounds. The hydroethanol and methanol stem bark crude extracts, fractions and isolated compounds were assessed for antiplasmodial activity against the chloroquine-sensitive 3D7 and multi-drug resistant Dd2 strains of Plasmodium falciparum using the SYBR green I fluorescence-based microdilution assay. Cytotoxicity of active extracts, fractions and compounds was determined on African green monkey normal kidney Vero and murine macrophage Raw 264.7 cell lines using the Resazurin-based viability assay. Results The hydroethanolic extract of H. afzelii stem bark (HasbHE) and the methanolic extract of E. calophylloides stem bark (EcsbM) exhibited the highest potency against both Pf3D7 (EC50 values of 3.32 ± 0.15 μg/mL and 7.40 ± 0.19 μg/mL, respectively) and PfDd2 (EC50 of 3.08 ± 0.21 μg/mL and 7.48 ± 0.07 μg/mL, respectively) strains. Both extracts showed high selectivity toward Plasmodium parasites (SI > 13). The biological activity-guided fractionation led to the identification of five compounds (Compounds 1–5) from HasbHE and one compound (Compound 6) from EcsbM. Of these, Compound 1 corresponding to apigenin (EC50Pf3D7, of 19.01 ± 0.72 μM and EC50PfDd2 of 16.39 ± 0.52 μM), and Compound 6 corresponding to 3,3′-O-dimethylellagic acid (EC50Pf3D7 of 4.27 ± 0.05 μM and EC50PfDd2 of 1.36 ± 0.47 μM) displayed the highest antiplasmodial activities. Interestingly, both compounds exhibited negligible cytotoxicity against both Vero and Raw 264.7 cell lines with selectivity indices greater than 9. Conclusions This study led to the identification of two potent antiplasmodial natural compounds, 3,3′-O-dimethylellagic acid and apigenin that could serve as starting points for further antimalarial drug discovery. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12906-021-03352-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigue Keumoe
- Antimicrobial and Biocontrol Agents Unit (AmBcAU), Laboratory for Phytobiochemistry and Medicinal Plants Studies, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon.,Malaria Research Unit, Centre Pasteur du Cameroun, P.O. Box 1274, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Jean Garba Koffi
- Higher Teachers Training College, University of Yaoundé I, P.O Box 47, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Darline Dize
- Antimicrobial and Biocontrol Agents Unit (AmBcAU), Laboratory for Phytobiochemistry and Medicinal Plants Studies, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Patrick Valère Tsouh Fokou
- Antimicrobial and Biocontrol Agents Unit (AmBcAU), Laboratory for Phytobiochemistry and Medicinal Plants Studies, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Joseph Tchamgoue
- Higher Teachers Training College, University of Yaoundé I, P.O Box 47, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Lawrence Ayong
- Malaria Research Unit, Centre Pasteur du Cameroun, P.O. Box 1274, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Bruno Lenta Ndjakou
- Higher Teachers Training College, University of Yaoundé I, P.O Box 47, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Norbert Sewald
- Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, D-33501, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Bathelemy Ngameni
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde I, P.O Box 1364, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Fabrice Fekam Boyom
- Antimicrobial and Biocontrol Agents Unit (AmBcAU), Laboratory for Phytobiochemistry and Medicinal Plants Studies, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
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Baldé MA, Tuenter E, Matheeussen A, Traoré MS, Cos P, Maes L, Camara A, Diallo MST, Baldé ES, Balde AM, Pieters L, Foubert K. Bioassay-guided isolation of antiplasmodial and antimicrobial constituents from the roots of Terminalia albida. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 267:113624. [PMID: 33246123 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Terminalia albida (Combretaceae), widely used in Guinean traditional medicine, showed promising activity against Plasmodium falciparum and Candida albicans in previous studies. Bioassay-guided fractionation was carried out in order to isolate the compounds responsible for these activities. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fractionation and isolation were performed by flash chromatography, followed by semi-preparative HPLC-DAD-MS. The structural elucidation of the isolated compounds was carried out by 1D and 2D NMR as well as HR-ESI-MS. Isolated compounds were evaluated against Plasmodium falciparum, Candida albicans, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, and their cytotoxicity against MRC-5 cells was determined. RESULTS Bioassay-guided fractionation of Terminalia albida root resulted in the isolation of 14 compounds (1-14), and their antimicrobial properties were evaluated. Pantolactone (1) (IC50 0.60 ± 0.03 μM) demonstrated significant activity against P. falciparum. Other compounds, including 3,4,3'-tri-O-methyl-ellagic acid (3), the triterpenes arjunolic acid (5), arjungenin (6), arjunic acid (7) and arjunglucoside II (10), and the phenol glycoside calophymembranside-B (14), were less active and showed IC50 values in the range 5-15 μM. None of the tested compound showed antibacterial or antifungal activity. CONCLUSION These results may explain at least in part the activity of the root extract of T. albida against P. falciparum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamadou Aliou Baldé
- Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Emmy Tuenter
- Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - An Matheeussen
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Parasitology and Hygiene (LMPH), Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Mohamed Sahar Traoré
- Department of Pharmacy, University Gamal Abdel Nasser of Conakry, BP, 1017, Guinea; Research and Valorization Center on Medicinal Plants Dubreka, BP, 6411, Conakry, Guinea
| | - Paul Cos
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Parasitology and Hygiene (LMPH), Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Louis Maes
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Parasitology and Hygiene (LMPH), Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Aïssata Camara
- Research and Valorization Center on Medicinal Plants Dubreka, BP, 6411, Conakry, Guinea
| | | | - Elhadj Saïdou Baldé
- Department of Pharmacy, University Gamal Abdel Nasser of Conakry, BP, 1017, Guinea
| | - Aliou Mamadou Balde
- Department of Pharmacy, University Gamal Abdel Nasser of Conakry, BP, 1017, Guinea; Research and Valorization Center on Medicinal Plants Dubreka, BP, 6411, Conakry, Guinea
| | - Luc Pieters
- Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610, Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Kenn Foubert
- Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610, Antwerp, Belgium
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Malaník M, Treml J, Rjašková V, Tížková K, Kaucká P, Kokoška L, Kubatka P, Šmejkal K. Maytenus macrocarpa (Ruiz & Pav.) Briq.: Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Activity. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24122288. [PMID: 31226757 PMCID: PMC6630539 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24122288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Maytenus macrocarpa (Celastraceae) is a tree native to Amazonia. Its roots, leaves, bark, and combinations of these are used in traditional medicine mainly to treat rheumatism and, to a lesser extent, to heal wounds and to combat bronchitis and diarrhea. To date, mainly triterpenes and dihydro-β-agarofuran sesquiterpenes were isolated from M. macrocarpa. Extracts and selected pure compounds isolated from the leaves, roots, and stem bark showed antibacterial, antiviral, antiparasitic, anti-inflammatory, and cytotoxic activities in vitro. The aim of this review is to summarize the available ethnobotanical, phytochemical, and pharmacological information about this traditional Amazonian medicinal tree, as well as to attract the attention of phytochemists and pharmacognosists to this potentially interesting source of ethnopharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milan Malaník
- Department of Natural Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackého tř. 1, 61242 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Jakub Treml
- Department of Molecular Biology and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackého tř. 1, 61242 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Veronika Rjašková
- Department of Natural Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackého tř. 1, 61242 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Karolina Tížková
- Department of Natural Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackého tř. 1, 61242 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Petra Kaucká
- Department of Natural Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackého tř. 1, 61242 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Ladislav Kokoška
- Department of Crop Sciences and Agroforestry, Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 16500 Praha-Suchdol, Czech Republic.
| | - Peter Kubatka
- Department of Medical Biology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 03601 Martin, Slovakia.
| | - Karel Šmejkal
- Department of Natural Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackého tř. 1, 61242 Brno, Czech Republic.
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Bapela MJ, Heyman H, Senejoux F, Meyer JJM. 1H NMR-based metabolomics of antimalarial plant species traditionally used by Vha-Venda people in Limpopo Province, South Africa and isolation of antiplasmodial compounds. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 228:148-155. [PMID: 30048730 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The Vha-Venda people living in rural areas of Limpopo Province of South Africa regularly use traditional plant-based medicines to treat malaria. In our earlier publication, twenty indigenous plant species used to treat malaria or its symptoms by Vha-Venda people were evaluated for antiplasmodial activity. The main objective of the current study was to assess the robustness of NMR-based metabolomics in discriminating classes of secondary compounds that are responsible for the observed antimalarial activity and the isolation of antiplasmodial compounds. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty dichloromethane extracts were reconstituted in CDCl3, subjected to 1H NMR-based metabolomic analysis on a Varian 600 MHz spectrometer and the acquired 1H NMR spectra were then evaluated collectively using multivariate data analysis (MDA). Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Orthogonal Projections to Latent Structures-Discriminant Analysis (OPLS-DA) were used to 'globally' discern antiplasmodial profiles. A contribution plot was then generated from the OPLS-DA scoring plot in an attempt to determine the classes of compounds that are responsible for the observed grouping. Further phytochemical analyses were conducted on the lipophilic extracts of Tabernaemontana elegans and Vangueria infausta subsp. infausta. These best candidates were fractionated, purified and their isolated compounds identified based on conventional chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques. RESULTS The PCA did not separate the acquired profiles according to the detected antiplasmodial bioactivity. Application of a supervised OPLS-DA on the 1H NMR profiles resulted in a discrimination pattern that could be correlated to the observed antimalarial bioactivity. A contribution plot generated from the OPLS-DA scoring plot illustrated the classes of compounds responsible for the observed grouping. Prominent peaks were observed in the aromatic, sugar-based/N-containing and aliphatic spectral regions of the contribution plot. Two known indole alkaloids were isolated from T. elegans, and identified as tabernaemontanine (IC50 = 12.0 ± 0.8 µM) and dregamine (IC50 = 62.0 ± 2.4 µM). Friedelin (IC50 = 7.20 ± 0.5 µM) and morindolide (IC50 = 107.1 ± 0.6 µM) were isolated from V. infausta subsp. infausta. This is the first report of the rare iridoid lactone, morindolide's antimalarial activity. While these two compounds have been previously identified, this is the first account of their occurrence in the genus Vangueria. CONCLUSION The study illustrated the potential of NMR-based metabolomics in discriminating classes of compounds that may be attributed to antiplasmodial activity. Additionally, the study demonstrated the potential of discovering novel antiplasmodial scaffolds from medicinal plants and the rationale for the bioprospecting antimalarial plant species used by Vha-Venda people.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Johanna Bapela
- University of Pretoria, Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, South Africa; University of Pretoria Institute for Sustainable Malaria Control and MRC Collaborating Centre for Malaria Research, South Africa.
| | - Heino Heyman
- University of Pretoria, Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, South Africa; Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, 99352, USA
| | - Francois Senejoux
- University of Pretoria, Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, South Africa; Clermont-Ferrand, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Auvergne, France
| | - J J Marion Meyer
- University of Pretoria, Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, South Africa
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Khamthong N, Hutadilok-Towatana N. Phytoconstituents and Biological Activities of Garcinia Dulcis (Clusiaceae): A Review. Nat Prod Commun 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1701200337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Garcinia dulcis (Roxb.) Kurz is a tropical fruit tree native to Southeast Asia where it has a long history of use as a traditional medicine for the treatment of ailments such as lymphatitis, parotitis, struma, scurvy, cough, and sore throat. Despite its medicinal values, this plant is not well known and rarely found nowadays. Research on the phytochemical constituents and biological activities of G. dulcis have demonstrated that various parts of the plant contain an abundance of bioactive compounds mainly xanthones and flavonoids, with significant pharmacological properties such as anti-atherosclerosis, anti-bacterial, anti-cancer, anti-hypertension, and anti-malarial. In the present review, current knowledge of the phytochemistry of G. dulcis and biological activities of its active constituents based on the available literature are summarized in order to explore application potentials and prospective research works on this plant.
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Kopa TK, Tane P, Wabo HK, Tala MF, Tchinda AT, Zofou D, Ning-Hua T. Activité antiplasmodiale in vitro des composés isolés des écorces du tronc de Vitex thyrsiflora. CR CHIM 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crci.2015.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Noundou XS, Krause RWM, van Vuuren SF, Ndinteh DT, Olivier DK. Antibacterial effects of Alchornea cordifolia (Schumach. and Thonn.) Müll. Arg extracts and compounds on gastrointestinal, skin, respiratory and urinary tract pathogens. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 179:76-82. [PMID: 26724423 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.12.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Revised: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/20/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The leaves, stems and roots of Alchornea cordifolia (Schumach. and Thonn.) Müll. Arg. are used as traditional medicine in many African countries for the management of gastrointestinal, respiratory and urinary tract infections as well as for the treatment of wounds. AIM OF THE STUDY To determine the in vitro antibacterial activity of the crude extracts of leaves and stems of A. cordifolia on gastrointestinal, skin, respiratory and urinary tract pathogens and to identify the compounds in the extracts that may be responsible for this activity. MATERIALS AND METHODS The antibacterial activities of crude extracts [hexane, chloroform (CHCl3), ethyl acetate (EtOAc), ethanol (EtOH), methanol (MeOH) and water (H2O)] as well as pure compounds isolated from these extracts were evaluated by means of the micro-dilution assay against four Gram-positive bacteria, i.e. Bacillus cereus ATCC 11778, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and S. saprophyticus ATCC 15305, as well as four Gram-negative bacterial strains, i.e. Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 13883, Moraxella catarrhalis ATCC 23246 and Proteus mirabilis ATCC 43071. The isolation of the active constituents was undertaken by bio-autographic assays in conjunction with chromatographic techniques. The identification and characterisation of the isolated compounds were done using mass spectrometry (MS) and Fourier transformed infrared spectrometry (FTIR) as well as 1D- and 2D- nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analyses. RESULTS The leaves and stems of A. cordifolia exhibited varied antibacterial activity against all eight pathogens. Most of the MIC values ranged between 63 and 2000µg/ml. The highest activities for the crude extracts (63µg/ml) were observed against S. saprophyticus [stem (EtOAc, CHCl3 and hexane), leaves (MeOH, EtOH, EtOAc and CHCl3)], E. coli [stem (MeOH and EtOH), leaves (MeOH, EtOH, EtOAc and CHCl3)], M. catarrhalis [leaves (EtOAc and CHCl3)], K. pneumoniae [stem (CHCl3), leaves (CHCl3)] and S. aureus [leaves (CHCl3)]. Seven constituents [stigmasterol (1), stigmasta-4,22-dien-3-one (2), friedelin (3), friedelane-3-one-28-al (4), 3-O-acetyl-aleuritolic acid (5), 3-O-acetyl-erythrodiol (6) and methyl-3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate (methyl gallate) (7)] were isolated from the stem MeOH extract. All these compounds displayed some antibacterial activity against the eight pathogens with highest activity against S. saprophyticus (2µg/ml). Furthermore, this is the first report of compounds 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 and 7 isolated from A. cordifolia and where a complete set of 2D-NMR data for fridelane-3-one-28-al (4) is presented. CONCLUSION The study demonstrated that the antibacterial activities of A. cordifolia extracts may be due to the presence of the seven isolated compounds, where compounds 3-6 showed the best activity. The observed activity against gastrointestinal, skin, respiratory and urinary tract pathogens supports the traditional use for the treatment of such ailments.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Siwe Noundou
- Department of Chemistry, Rhodes University, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa.
| | - R W M Krause
- Department of Chemistry, Rhodes University, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa
| | - S F van Vuuren
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of the Witwatersrand, 7 York Rd, Parktown 2193, South Africa
| | - D Tantoh Ndinteh
- Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Johannesburg, PO Box 17011, Doornfontein, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa
| | - D K Olivier
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of the Witwatersrand, 7 York Rd, Parktown 2193, South Africa
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Pieme CA, Ambassa P, Yankep E, Saxena AK. Epigarcinol and isogarcinol isolated from the root of Garcinia ovalifolia induce apoptosis of human promyelocytic leukemia (HL-60 cells). BMC Res Notes 2015; 8:700. [PMID: 26592743 PMCID: PMC4656183 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-015-1596-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2014] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Plants from garcinia genus have been used for centuries against several diseases. Objective This study aimed to investigate the mechanism of apoptosis induced by epigarcinol and isogarcinol isolated from the root of Garcinia ovalifolia (Clusiaceae) on human promyelocytic leukemia (HL-60 cells). Methods Epigarcinol and isogarcinol were isolated from the root of G. ovalifolia by using column chromatography method. The antiproliferative property of these molecules and fractions were assessed with 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The light fluorescence microscope was utilized to observe the morphological changes of HL-60 cells after 24 h treatment. Early apoptosis and cell cycle distribution were analyzed by using flow cytometry (FCM). Results The results showed that epigarcinol and isogarcinol inhibited the proliferation of HL-60 and PC-3 cells in a concentration-dependent manner with IC50 varying between 4 and 76 µg/mL depending on the cell line and the molecule. The apoptosis rate and the number of apoptotic cells significantly increased with the augmentation of the concentration of the molecules. The results of flow cytometry (FCM) indicated that epigarcinol and isogarcinol induced significant G2/S arrest of HL-60 cells, the disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Conclusion These results indicated that epigarcinol and isogarcinol demonstrated in vitro antiproliferative properties and induce apoptosis of HL-60 cells which is related to the G2/S arrest, and it exerts its apoptotic effect through the loosing of mitochondrial membrane potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constant Anatole Pieme
- Department of Physiological Sciences and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, PO Box 1364, Yaoundé, Cameroon. .,Cancer Pharmacology Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, 180001, Canal Road, Jammu, India.
| | - Pathaleon Ambassa
- Cancer Pharmacology Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, 180001, Canal Road, Jammu, India. .,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, PO Box 812, Yaounde, Cameroon.
| | - Emmanuel Yankep
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, PO Box 812, Yaounde, Cameroon.
| | - Ajit Kumar Saxena
- Cancer Pharmacology Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, 180001, Canal Road, Jammu, India.
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Constituents of the roots and leaves of Ekebergia capensis and their potential antiplasmodial and cytotoxic activities. Molecules 2014; 19:14235-46. [PMID: 25211004 PMCID: PMC6270759 DOI: 10.3390/molecules190914235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2014] [Revised: 08/24/2014] [Accepted: 09/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A new triterpenoid, 3-oxo-12β-hydroxy-oleanan-28,13β-olide (1), and six known triterpenoids 2–7 were isolated from the root bark of Ekebergia capensis, an African medicinal plant. A limonoid 8 and two glycoflavonoids 9–10 were found in its leaves. The metabolites were identified by NMR and MS analyses, and their cytotoxicity was evaluated against the mammalian African monkey kidney (vero), mouse breast cancer (4T1), human larynx carcinoma (HEp2) and human breast cancer (MDA-MB-231) cell lines. Out of the isolates, oleanonic acid (2) showed the highest cytotoxicity, i.e., IC50’s of 1.4 and 13.3 µM against the HEp2 and 4T1 cells, respectively. Motivated by the higher cytotoxicity of the crude bark extract as compared to the isolates, the interactions of oleanonic acid (2) with five triterpenoids 3–7 were evaluated on vero cells. In an antiplasmodial assay, seven of the metabolites were observed to possess moderate activity against the D6 and W2 strains of P. falciparum (IC50 27.1–97.1 µM), however with a low selectivity index (IC50(vero)/IC50(P. falciparum-D6) < 10). The observed moderate antiplasmodial activity may be due to general cytotoxicity of the isolated triterpenoids.
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Okusa PN, Stévigny C, Névraumont M, Gelbcke M, Van Anrwerpen P, Braekman JC, Duez P. Ferulaldehyde and Lupeol as Direct and Indirect Antimicrobial Compounds from Cordia gilletii (Boraginaceae) Root Barks. Nat Prod Commun 2014. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1400900506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cordia gilletii De Wild (Boraginaceae), a medicinal plant used against infectious diseases in the Democratic Republic of Congo, was investigated for direct and indirect antimicrobial properties. On one hand, the methanol extract is active against many pathogenic bacteria, including resistant strains. Its bio-guided fractionation led to the isolation of ferulaldehyde; this compound showed antimicrobial and antioxidant properties that may support the activity we observed for the methanol extract and some of the traditional uses of C. gilletii. On the other hand, the n-hexane extract of root barks possesses indirect antimicrobial properties, enhancing the activity of antibiotics against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The fractionation of this extract led to the isolation of lupeol, which decreases the minimum inhibitory concentration of several antibiotics (4 to 8 fold) against MRSA and contributes to the effects observed for the raw n-hexane extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe N. Okusa
- Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie, de Bromatologie et de Nutrition Humaine, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles, CP 205/09, Bld du Triomphe, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
- Service de Chimie Thérapeutique et Pharmacognosie, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Université de Mons, 20 Place du Parc, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Caroline Stévigny
- Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie, de Bromatologie et de Nutrition Humaine, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles, CP 205/09, Bld du Triomphe, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marie Névraumont
- Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie, de Bromatologie et de Nutrition Humaine, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles, CP 205/09, Bld du Triomphe, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Michel Gelbcke
- Laboratoire de Chimie Pharmaceutique Organique, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles, CP 205/09, Bld du Triomphe, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pierre Van Anrwerpen
- Laboratoire de Chimie Pharmaceutique Organique, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles, CP 205/09, Bld du Triomphe, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jean Claude Braekman
- Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie, de Bromatologie et de Nutrition Humaine, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles, CP 205/09, Bld du Triomphe, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pierre Duez
- Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie, de Bromatologie et de Nutrition Humaine, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles, CP 205/09, Bld du Triomphe, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
- Service de Chimie Thérapeutique et Pharmacognosie, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Université de Mons, 20 Place du Parc, 7000 Mons, Belgium
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13
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Mulholland DA, Mwangi EM, Dlova NC, Plant N, Crouch NR, Coombes PH. Non-toxic melanin production inhibitors from Garcinia livingstonei (Clusiaceae). JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2013; 149:570-575. [PMID: 23891889 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2013] [Revised: 07/10/2013] [Accepted: 07/16/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The stem bark of Garcinia livingstonei is used traditionally as a skin lightening agent. AIM OF THE STUDY To isolate and identify compounds responsible for the observed skin lightening activity of Garcinia livingstonei and to evaluate their cytotoxicity. MATERIALS AND METHODS Constituents of the stem bark and fruits of Garcinia livingstonei were isolated using chromatographic techniques and structures were determined using 1D and 2D NMR and MS analysis. MeWo cells were used to evaluate the cytotoxicity and impact on melanin levels of extracts and compounds isolated, in vitro. RESULTS Twelve known compounds, morelloflavone (1), morelloflavone-7″-sulphate (2), guttiferone A (3), sargaol (4), isojacareubin (5), 6-deoxyisojacareubin (6) and in addition to the common triterpenoids, betulin, betulin aldehyde, lupeol, lupenone, euphol and stigmasterol were isolated in this investigation. Morelloflavone, morelloflavone-7″-sulphate and sargaol, were found to be considerably less cytotoxic and more effective as skin lightening agents than hydroquinone. CONCLUSIONS A range of compounds was isolated from the stem bark and fruit of Garcinia livingstonei. Although the bark extract contained the cytotoxic guttiferone A, it was found to be less toxic than hydroquinone, and morelloflavone, the 7″-sulphate derivative and sargaol show potential for development as depigmentation/skin lightening agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dulcie A Mulholland
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, United Kingdom.
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Shan WG, Zhang LW, Xiang JG, Zhan ZJ. Natural Friedelanes. Chem Biodivers 2013; 10:1392-434. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201100256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2011] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Zofou D, Ntie-Kang F, Sippl W, Efange SMN. Bioactive natural products derived from the Central African flora against neglected tropical diseases and HIV. Nat Prod Rep 2013; 30:1098-120. [PMID: 23817666 DOI: 10.1039/c3np70030e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This review discusses the medicinal potential of bioactive metabolites isolated from medicinal plants in Central Africa for the treatment of neglected tropical diseases and HIV. A correlation is established between the biological activities of the isolated compounds and the uses of the plants in traditional medicine. Insight is provided on how secondary metabolites from medicinal plants in Central Africa could be exploited for drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis Zofou
- Biotechnology Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Buea, P. O. Box 63, Buea, Cameroon
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Liu JQ, Peng XR, Li XY, Li TZ, Zhang WM, Shi L, Han J, Qiu MH. Norfriedelins A–C with Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitory Activity from Acerola Tree (Malpighia emarginata). Org Lett 2013; 15:1580-3. [PMID: 23484960 DOI: 10.1021/ol4003702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jie-Qing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming 650201, China, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China, Amway (China) Botanical Research Center, Wuxi 214115, China
| | - Xing-Rong Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming 650201, China, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China, Amway (China) Botanical Research Center, Wuxi 214115, China
| | - Xu-Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming 650201, China, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China, Amway (China) Botanical Research Center, Wuxi 214115, China
| | - Ting-Zhao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming 650201, China, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China, Amway (China) Botanical Research Center, Wuxi 214115, China
| | - Wei-Ming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming 650201, China, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China, Amway (China) Botanical Research Center, Wuxi 214115, China
| | - Lei Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming 650201, China, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China, Amway (China) Botanical Research Center, Wuxi 214115, China
| | - Jiang Han
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming 650201, China, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China, Amway (China) Botanical Research Center, Wuxi 214115, China
| | - Ming-Hua Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming 650201, China, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China, Amway (China) Botanical Research Center, Wuxi 214115, China
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Xie H, Chen M, Wang D, Xu R. Three Novel Friedelane Triterpenes with Antimicrobial Activity from the Stems of Celastrus Monospermus. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH 2013. [DOI: 10.3184/174751912x13543807337784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Three novel friedelane triterpenes, monospermonal, monospermonol and monospermondiol, along with six known friedelanes, 3-oxofriedelane, 3-oxofriedelan-28-al, 3,12-dioxofriedelane, 3-oxo-28-hydroxyfriedelane, 3-oxo-11 β-hydroxyfriedelane, 3-oxo-12 α-hydroxyfriedelane and an oleanane triterpenoid, 3 β-hydroxyolean-12-ene, were isolated from the stems of Celastrus monospermus Roxb. The structures of novel compounds, monospermonal, monospermonol and monospermondiol, were identified as 3,12-dioxofriedelan-28-al, 3,12-dioxo-28-hydroxyfriedelane and 3-oxo-12 α,28-dihydroxyfriedelane, respectively by spectroscopies including 2D NMR methods. These nine friedelane-type triterpenes were tested for antimicrobial activity against luminescent bacterium Photobacterium leiognathi N1 that had been isolated from “glowing” fish meat. Monospermonal and monospermonol showed moderate activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiping Xie
- School of Life Science, Sun Yat-sen University, No.135 Xingang West Road, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Mingxiang Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Dingyong Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Runlin Xu
- School of Life Science, Sun Yat-sen University, No.135 Xingang West Road, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
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18
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Ibraheim ZZ, Ahmed AS, Gouda YG. Phytochemical and biological studies of Adiantum capillus-veneris L. Saudi Pharm J 2011; 19:65-74. [PMID: 23960744 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2011.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2010] [Accepted: 01/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromatographic fractionation of the alcoholic extract of the dried fronds of Adiantum capillus-veneris L. (Adiantaceae) yielded seven compounds: four triterpenoidal compounds belonging to adiantane and filicane groups were isolated from the hexane fraction and identified as isoadiantone (1); isoadiantol-B (2); 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyfilicane (3) and 3,4-dihydroxyfilicane (4) and three flavonoids were isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction and identified as: quercetin (5), quercetin-3-O-glucoside (6) and quercetin-3-O-rutinoside (rutin) (7). The identification of the isolated compounds has been established through their physical, chemical and spectroscopic methods including IR, (1)H NMR, (13)C NMR, HSQC, HMBC, NOESY and MS. Biological studies of the total alcoholic extract, hexane fraction and some of the isolated compounds showed an anti-inflammatory activity while the hypoglycemic study of the total alcoholic extract showed a significant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zedan Z Ibraheim
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
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Tuansulong KA, Hutadilok-Towatana N, Mahabusarakam W, Pinkaew D, Fujise K. Morelloflavone from Garcinia dulcis as a novel biflavonoid inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase. Phytother Res 2010; 25:424-8. [PMID: 20734327 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.3286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2010] [Revised: 05/31/2010] [Accepted: 07/09/2010] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Morelloflavone, a biflavonoid from Garcinia dulcis previously shown to have hypocholesterolemic activity, was examined for its effect on HMG-CoA reductase, the rate-limiting enzyme of the cholesterol biosynthetic pathway. By using the catalytic domain of house mouse HMG-CoA reductase, morelloflavone was found to inhibit the enzyme activity by competing with HMG-CoA whereas it was non-competitive towards NADPH. The inhibition constants (K(i)) with respect to HMG-CoA and NADPH were 80.87 ± 0.06 µm and 103 ± 0.07 µm, respectively. Both flavonoid subunits of this compound, naringenin and luteolin, equally competed with HMG-CoA with K(i) of 83.58 ± 4.37 µm and 83.59 ± 0.94 µm, respectively, and were also non-competitive with NADPH (K(i) of 182 ± 0.67 µm and 188 ± 0.14 µm, respectively). Due to these findings, we suggest that each subunit of morelloflavone would occupy the active site of the enzyme, thereby blocking access of its substrate. The present study thus demonstrates the ability of morelloflavone from G. dulcis to inhibit HMG-CoA reductase in vitro. As a result, this biflavonoid might serve as a new candidate for the future development of hypocholesterolemic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ku-Aida Tuansulong
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Thailand
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20
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Chen MX, Wang DY, Guo J. 3-Oxo-11β-Hydroxyfriedelane from the Roots of Celastrus Monospermus. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH 2010. [DOI: 10.3184/030823410x12658949561706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A new friedelane type triterpene, 3-oxo-11β-hydroxyfriedelane, named as monospermol, was isolated from the roots of Celastrus monospermus Roxb.(Celastraceae) along with seven known compounds friedelin, 3,12-dioxofriedelane, 3-oxo-28-hydroxyfriedelane, 3-oxo-12α-hydroxyfriedelane, β-sitosterol, pristimerin and celastrol. Structural formula and the stereochemistry of the new friedelane type triterpene 1 were established through 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectral data including 2D experiments (HMBC, HSQC, 1H-1H COSY and NOESY) and high resolution mass spectrometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Xiang Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Ding-Yong Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Jiao Guo
- Instutute of Chinese Medical Science, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, P. R. China
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Bero J, Frédérich M, Quetin-Leclercq J. Antimalarial compounds isolated from plants used in traditional medicine. J Pharm Pharmacol 2010. [DOI: 10.1211/jpp.61.11.0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
This review covers the compounds with antiplasmodial activity isolated from plants published from 2005 to the end of 2008, organized according to their phytochemical classes. Details are given for substances with IC50 values ≤ 11 μM.
Key findings
Malaria is a major parasitic disease in many tropical and subtropical regions and is responsible for more than 1 million deaths each year in Africa. The rapid spread of resistance encourages the search for new active compounds. Nature and particularly plants used in traditional medicine are a potential source of new antimalarial drugs as they contain molecules with a great variety of structures and pharmacological activities.
Summary
A large number of antimalarial compounds with a wide variety of structures have been isolated from plants and can play a role in the development of new antimalarial drugs. Ethnopharmacological approaches appear to be a promising way to find plant metabolites that could be used as templates for designing new derivatives with improved properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne Bero
- Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Analytical Chemistry, Drug Analysis and Pharmacognosy Unit, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Michel Frédérich
- University of Liège, Natural and Synthetic Drugs Research Center, Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Liège, Belgium
| | - Joëlle Quetin-Leclercq
- Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Analytical Chemistry, Drug Analysis and Pharmacognosy Unit, Brussels, Belgium
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Thao NTP, Hung TM, Lee MK, Kim JC, Min BS, Bae K. Triterpenoids from Camellia japonica and Their Cytotoxic Activity. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2010; 58:121-4. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.58.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - KiHwan Bae
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University
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23
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Lenta BN, Tantangmo F, Devkota KP, Wansi JD, Chouna JR, Soh RCF, Neumann B, Stammler HG, Tsamo E, Sewald N. Bioactive constituents of the stem bark of Beilschmiedia zenkeri. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2009; 72:2130-2134. [PMID: 19904919 DOI: 10.1021/np900341f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Phytochemical investigation of the stem bark of Beilschmiedia zenkeri led to the isolation of four new methoxylated flavonoid derivatives, (2S,4R)-5,6,7-trimethoxyflavan-4-ol (1), (2S,4R)-4,5,6,7-tetramethoxyflavan (2), beilschmieflavonoid A (3), and beilschmieflavonoid B (4), together with seven known compounds. The structures of 1-4 were established by spectroscopic methods, and their relative configurations confirmed by X-ray crystallographic and CD analysis. The isolated compounds were evaluated in vitro for their antibacterial activity against three strains of bacteria, Pseudomonas agarici, Bacillus subtilis, and Streptococcus minor, and for their antiplasmodial activity against Plasmodium falciparum, chloroquine-resistant strain W2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Ndjakou Lenta
- Department of Chemistry, Higher Teachers' Training College, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 47, Yaoundé, Cameroon
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Abstract
This review covers the isolation and structure determination of triterpenoids including squalene derivatives, protostanes, lanostanes, holostanes, cycloartanes, dammaranes, euphanes, tirucallanes, tetranortriterpenoids, lupanes, oleananes, friedelanes, ursanes, hopanes, isomalabaricanes and saponins; 574 references are cited.
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Batista R, de Jesus Silva Júnior A, de Oliveira AB. Plant-derived antimalarial agents: new leads and efficient phytomedicines. Part II. Non-alkaloidal natural products. Molecules 2009; 14:3037-72. [PMID: 19701144 PMCID: PMC6254980 DOI: 10.3390/molecules14083037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2009] [Revised: 08/07/2009] [Accepted: 08/13/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Malaria is still the most destructive and dangerous parasitic infection in many tropical and subtropical countries. The burden of this disease is getting worse, mainly due to the increasing resistance of Plasmodium falciparum against the widely available antimalarial drugs. There is an urgent need for new, more affordable and accessible antimalarial agents possessing original modes of action. Natural products have played a dominant role in the discovery of leads for the development of drugs to treat human diseases, and this fact anticipates that new antimalarial leads may certainly emerge from tropical plant sources. This present review covers most of the recently-published non-alkaloidal natural compounds from plants with antiplasmodial and antimalarial properties, belonging to the classes of terpenes, limonoids, flavonoids, chromones, xanthones, anthraquinones, miscellaneous and related compounds, besides the majority of papers describing antiplasmodial crude extracts published in the last five years not reviewed before. In addition, some perspectives and remarks on the development of new drugs and phytomedicines for malaria are succinctly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronan Batista
- Departamento de Estudos Básicos e Instrumentais, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia – UESB, BR 415, Km 03, s/nº, 45.700-000 Itapetinga, BA, Brazil; E-mail: (A.d.J.S.J.)
| | - Ademir de Jesus Silva Júnior
- Departamento de Estudos Básicos e Instrumentais, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia – UESB, BR 415, Km 03, s/nº, 45.700-000 Itapetinga, BA, Brazil; E-mail: (A.d.J.S.J.)
| | - Alaíde Braga de Oliveira
- Departamento de Produtos Farmacêuticos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; E-mail: (A.B.d.O.)
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Olmedo DA, López-Pérez JL, del Olmo E, Vásquez Y, San Feliciano A, Gupta MP. A new cytotoxic friedelane acid--pluricostatic acid--and other compounds from the leaves of Marila pluricostata. Molecules 2008; 13:2915-24. [PMID: 19037183 PMCID: PMC6245197 DOI: 10.3390/molecules13112915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2008] [Revised: 11/14/2008] [Accepted: 11/18/2008] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioassay-guided fractionation of the dichloromethane extract of the leaves of Marila pluricostata led to the isolation of 2α,3β-dihydroxy-D:A-friedoolean-28-oic acid (pluricostatic acid), a new friedelane triterpenoid, (1), ten known triterpenoids and three sterols. Their chemical structures were elucidated through spectroscopic analysis. The less polar fractions, on GC/MS analysis and comparison with a MS library, resulted in the identification of twenty four sesquiterpenoids. The new triterpenoid acid 1 showed cytotoxicity against the MCF-7, H-460, and SF-268 human cancer cell lines with GI50 values from 1.2 to 3.3 μg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dionisio A. Olmedo
- Centro de Investigaciones Farmacognósticas de la Flora Panameña (CIFLORPAN), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Panamá, Apartado 0824-00172, Panamá, República de Panamá. E-mails: (D-A. O.), (Y. V.)
| | - José L. López-Pérez
- Departamento de Química Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, CIETUS, Universidad de Salamanca, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, E-37007, Salamanca, España. E-mails: (J-L. L-P.), (E. O.), (A-S. F.)
| | - Esther del Olmo
- Departamento de Química Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, CIETUS, Universidad de Salamanca, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, E-37007, Salamanca, España. E-mails: (J-L. L-P.), (E. O.), (A-S. F.)
| | - Yelkaira Vásquez
- Centro de Investigaciones Farmacognósticas de la Flora Panameña (CIFLORPAN), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Panamá, Apartado 0824-00172, Panamá, República de Panamá. E-mails: (D-A. O.), (Y. V.)
| | - Arturo San Feliciano
- Departamento de Química Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, CIETUS, Universidad de Salamanca, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, E-37007, Salamanca, España. E-mails: (J-L. L-P.), (E. O.), (A-S. F.)
| | - Mahabir P. Gupta
- Centro de Investigaciones Farmacognósticas de la Flora Panameña (CIFLORPAN), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Panamá, Apartado 0824-00172, Panamá, República de Panamá. E-mails: (D-A. O.), (Y. V.)
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; , Fax: +507-264-0789
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