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Jakicic JM, Kohrt WM, Houmard JA, Miller ME, Radom-Aizik S, Rasmussen BB, Ravussin E, Serra M, Stowe CL, Trappe S, Abouassi H, Adkins JN, Alekel DL, Ashley E, Bamman MM, Bergman BC, Bessesen DH, Broskey NT, Buford TW, Burant CF, Chen H, Christle JW, Clish CB, Coen PM, Collier D, Collins KA, Cooper DM, Cortes T, Cutter GR, Dubis G, Fernández FM, Firnhaber J, Forman DE, Gaul DA, Gay N, Gerszten RE, Goodpaster BH, Gritsenko MA, Haddad F, Huffman KM, Ilkayeva O, Jankowski CM, Jin C, Johannsen NM, Johnson J, Kelly L, Kershaw E, Kraus WE, Laughlin M, Lester B, Lindholm ME, Lowe A, Lu CJ, McGowan J, Melanson EL, Montgomery S, Moore SG, Moreau KL, Muehlbauer M, Musi N, Nair VD, Newgard CB, Newman AB, Nicklas B, Nindl BC, Ormond K, Piehowski PD, Qian WJ, Rankinen T, Rejeski WJ, Robbins J, Rogers RJ, Rooney JL, Rushing S, Sanford JA, Schauer IE, Schwartz RS, Sealfon SC, Slentz C, Sloan R, Smith KS, Snyder M, Spahn J, Sparks LM, Stefanovic-Racic M, Tanner CJ, Thalacker-Mercer A, Tracy R, Trappe TA, Volpi E, Walsh MJ, Wheeler MT, Willis L. Molecular Transducers of Physical Activity Consortium (MoTrPAC): human studies design and protocol. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2024; 137:473-493. [PMID: 38634503 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00102.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Physical activity, including structured exercise, is associated with favorable health-related chronic disease outcomes. Although there is evidence of various molecular pathways that affect these responses, a comprehensive molecular map of these molecular responses to exercise has not been developed. The Molecular Transducers of Physical Activity Consortium (MoTrPAC) is a multicenter study designed to isolate the effects of structured exercise training on the molecular mechanisms underlying the health benefits of exercise and physical activity. MoTrPAC contains both a preclinical and human component. The details of the human studies component of MoTrPAC that include the design and methods are presented here. The human studies contain both an adult and pediatric component. In the adult component, sedentary participants are randomized to 12 wk of Control, Endurance Exercise Training, or Resistance Exercise Training with outcomes measures completed before and following the 12 wk. The adult component also includes recruitment of highly active endurance-trained or resistance-trained participants who only complete measures once. A similar design is used for the pediatric component; however, only endurance exercise is examined. Phenotyping measures include weight, body composition, vital signs, cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular strength, physical activity and diet, and other questionnaires. Participants also complete an acute rest period (adults only) or exercise session (adults, pediatrics) with collection of biospecimens (blood only for pediatrics) to allow for examination of the molecular responses. The design and methods of MoTrPAC may inform other studies. Moreover, MoTrPAC will provide a repository of data that can be used broadly across the scientific community.NEW & NOTEWORTHY The Molecular Transducers of Physical Activity Consortium (MoTrPAC) will be the first large trial to isolate the effects of structured exercise training on the molecular mechanisms underlying the health benefits of exercise and physical activity. By generating a compendium of the molecular responses to exercise, MoTrPAC will lay the foundation for a new era of biomedical research on Precision Exercise Medicine. Presented here is the design, protocols, and procedures for the MoTrPAC human studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- John M Jakicic
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, United States
| | - Wendy M Kohrt
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States
| | - Joseph A Houmard
- East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, United States
| | - Michael E Miller
- Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States
| | | | - Blake B Rasmussen
- University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States
| | - Eric Ravussin
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States
| | - Monica Serra
- University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States
| | - Cynthia L Stowe
- Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Biostatistics and Data Science, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States
| | - Scott Trappe
- Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana, United States
| | - Hiba Abouassi
- Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States
| | - Joshua N Adkins
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States
| | - D Lee Alekel
- National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Euan Ashley
- Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States
| | - Marcas M Bamman
- The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
| | - Bryan C Bergman
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States
| | - Daniel H Bessesen
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States
| | | | - Thomas W Buford
- The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
| | | | - Haiying Chen
- Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States
| | | | - Clary B Clish
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Paul M Coen
- Advent Health - Translational Research Institute, Orlando, Florida, United States
| | - David Collier
- East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, United States
| | | | - Daniel M Cooper
- University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, United States
| | - Tiffany Cortes
- University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States
| | - Gary R Cutter
- The University of Alabama at Birmingham, School of Public Health, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
| | - Gabriel Dubis
- East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, United States
| | | | | | - Daniel E Forman
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - David A Gaul
- Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Nicole Gay
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States
| | - Robert E Gerszten
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Bret H Goodpaster
- Advent Health - Translational Research Institute, Orlando, Florida, United States
| | - Marina A Gritsenko
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States
| | - Fadia Haddad
- University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, United States
| | - Kim M Huffman
- Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States
| | - Olga Ilkayeva
- Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States
| | | | - Christopher Jin
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States
| | - Neil M Johannsen
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States
| | | | - Leslie Kelly
- Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States
| | - Erin Kershaw
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - William E Kraus
- Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States
| | - Maren Laughlin
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | | | | | - Adam Lowe
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States
| | - Ching-Ju Lu
- University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States
| | - Joan McGowan
- National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Edward L Melanson
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States
| | - Stephen Montgomery
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States
| | - Samuel G Moore
- Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Kerrie L Moreau
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States
| | | | - Nicolas Musi
- Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | - Venugopalan D Nair
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States
| | | | - Anne B Newman
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Barbara Nicklas
- Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States
| | - Bradley C Nindl
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Kelly Ormond
- Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States
- ETH-Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Paul D Piehowski
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States
| | - Wei-Jun Qian
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States
| | - Tuomo Rankinen
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States
| | - W Jack Rejeski
- Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States
| | - Jeremy Robbins
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Renee J Rogers
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, United States
| | - Jessica L Rooney
- Larner College of Medicine at the University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, United States
| | - Scott Rushing
- Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States
| | - James A Sanford
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States
| | - Irene E Schauer
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States
| | - Robert S Schwartz
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States
| | - Stuart C Sealfon
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States
| | - Cris Slentz
- Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States
| | - Ruben Sloan
- East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, United States
| | - Kevin S Smith
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States
| | - Michael Snyder
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States
| | - Jessica Spahn
- University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States
| | - Lauren M Sparks
- Advent Health - Translational Research Institute, Orlando, Florida, United States
| | | | - Charles J Tanner
- East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, United States
| | | | - Russell Tracy
- Larner College of Medicine at the University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, United States
| | - Todd A Trappe
- Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana, United States
| | - Elena Volpi
- University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States
| | - Martin J Walsh
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States
| | | | - Leslie Willis
- Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States
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Raue U, Begue G, Minchev K, Jemiolo B, Gries KJ, Chambers T, Rubenstein A, Zaslavsky E, Sealfon SC, Trappe T, Trappe S. Fast and slow muscle fiber transcriptome dynamics with lifelong endurance exercise. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2024; 136:244-261. [PMID: 38095016 PMCID: PMC11219013 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00442.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
We investigated fast and slow muscle fiber transcriptome exercise dynamics among three groups of men: lifelong exercisers (LLE, n = 8, 74 ± 1 yr), old healthy nonexercisers (OH, n = 9, 75 ± 1 yr), and young exercisers (YE, n = 8, 25 ± 1 yr). On average, LLE had exercised ∼4 day·wk-1 for ∼8 h·wk-1 over 53 ± 2 years. Muscle biopsies were obtained pre- and 4 h postresistance exercise (3 × 10 knee extensions at 70% 1-RM). Fast and slow fiber size and function were assessed preexercise with fast and slow RNA-seq profiles examined pre- and postexercise. LLE fast fiber size was similar to OH, which was ∼30% smaller than YE (P < 0.05) with contractile function variables among groups, resulting in lower power in LLE (P < 0.05). LLE slow fibers were ∼30% larger and more powerful compared with YE and OH (P < 0.05). At the transcriptome level, fast fibers were more responsive to resistance exercise compared with slow fibers among all three cohorts (P < 0.05). Exercise induced a comprehensive biological response in fast fibers (P < 0.05) including transcription, signaling, skeletal muscle cell differentiation, and metabolism with vast differences among the groups. Fast fibers from YE exhibited a growth and metabolic signature, with LLE being primarily metabolic, and OH showing a strong stress-related response. In slow fibers, only LLE exhibited a biological response to exercise (P < 0.05), which was related to ketone and lipid metabolism. The divergent exercise transcriptome signatures provide novel insight into the molecular regulation in fast and slow fibers with age and exercise and suggest that the ∼5% weekly exercise time commitment of the lifelong exercisers provided a powerful investment for fast and slow muscle fiber metabolic health at the molecular level.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study provides the first insights into fast and slow muscle fiber transcriptome dynamics with lifelong endurance exercise. The fast fibers were more responsive to exercise with divergent transcriptome signatures among young exercisers (growth and metabolic), lifelong exercisers (metabolic), and old healthy nonexercisers (stress). Only lifelong exercisers had a biological response in slow fibers (metabolic). These data provide novel insights into fast and slow muscle fiber health at the molecular level with age and exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrika Raue
- Human Performance Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana, United States
| | - Gwenaelle Begue
- Human Performance Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana, United States
| | - Kiril Minchev
- Human Performance Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana, United States
| | - Bozena Jemiolo
- Human Performance Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana, United States
| | - Kevin J Gries
- Human Performance Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana, United States
| | - Toby Chambers
- Human Performance Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana, United States
| | - Aliza Rubenstein
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States
| | - Elena Zaslavsky
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States
| | - Stuart C Sealfon
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States
| | - Todd Trappe
- Human Performance Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana, United States
| | - Scott Trappe
- Human Performance Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana, United States
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Zhang X, Tyrrell DJ, Alliston T, Schilling B, Yousefzadeh MJ, Schafer MJ. Senescence and Inflammation: Summary of a Gerontological Society of America and National Institute on Aging-Sponsored Symposium. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2023; 78:1733-1739. [PMID: 37148367 PMCID: PMC10562889 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glad120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The National Institute on Aging sponsored a symposium at the Gerontological Society of America (GSA) annual meeting in Indianapolis, Indiana, to discuss recent discoveries related to senescent and inflammatory mechanisms in aging and disease. Consistent with the 2022 Biological Sciences GSA program led by Dr. Rozalyn Anderson, the symposium featured early-stage investigators and a leader in the field of geroscience research. Cell senescence and immune interactions coordinate homeostatic and protective programming throughout the life span. Dysfunctional communication in this exchange eventuates in inflammation-related compositional changes in aged tissues, including propagation of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype and accumulation of senescent and exhausted immune cells. Presentations in this symposium explored senescent and immune-related dysfunction in aging from diverse viewpoints and featured emerging cellular and molecular methods. A central takeaway from the event was that the use of new models and approaches, including single-cell -omics, novel mouse models, and 3D culture systems, is revealing dynamic properties and interactions of senescent and immune cell fates. This knowledge is critical for devising new therapeutic approaches with important translational relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zhang
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Daniel J Tyrrell
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
- Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Tamara Alliston
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Birgit Schilling
- The Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, California, USA
| | - Matthew J Yousefzadeh
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Marissa J Schafer
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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