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Sato H, Yonezu K, Saito S, Abe I, Tawara K, Akioka H, Shinohara T, Teshima Y, Yufu K, Abe R, Takahashi N. Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Long-Term Prognosis of Acute Myocardial Infarction in Japan. Cureus 2024; 16:e51905. [PMID: 38333491 PMCID: PMC10850441 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.51905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background During the early phase of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, a global reduction in hospitalizations for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) was observed. Generally, patients experienced increased severity of AMI with delays in time from symptom onset to treatment during the pandemic. However, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on in-hospital mortality among patients with AMI remains unclear. This study aimed to compare the long-term prognosis of patients with AMI during the COVID-19 pandemic to that observed in the pre-pandemic period and to evaluate the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on the prognosis of patients with AMI. Methods We reviewed the data of patients admitted to our hospital for AMI treatment between April 1, 2018, and March 31, 2021. The time from admission to major adverse cardiac events (MACE), as well as the time from admission to all-cause death, were examined between the pandemic period (April 1, 2020, to March 31, 2021) and the pre-pandemic period (April 1, 2018, to March 31, 2020). Results Eighty patients were included in the study, and those admitted during the pandemic exhibited a higher likelihood of advanced age, lower levels of LDL-cholesterol, and a reduced prevalence of hypertension. The 2.5-year MACE-free survival and overall survival rates between the patients during the pre-pandemic and pandemic periods were not significantly different. Conclusion The long-term prognosis of patients with AMI during the COVID-19 pandemic remains unclear. In this study, we reported that the 2.5-year MACE-free survival and overall survival rates of the patients with AMI admitted during the COVID-19 pandemic were not significantly different from those during the pre-pandemic period. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the prognosis of patients with AMI appears to vary according to the study population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Sato
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Examination, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita, JPN
- Advanced Trauma, Emergency and Critical Care Center, Oita University Hospital, Yufu, JPN
| | - Keisuke Yonezu
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Examination, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita, JPN
| | - Shotaro Saito
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Examination, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita, JPN
- Advanced Trauma, Emergency and Critical Care Center, Oita University Hospital, Yufu, JPN
| | - Ichitaro Abe
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Examination, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita, JPN
- Advanced Trauma, Emergency and Critical Care Center, Oita University Hospital, Yufu, JPN
| | - Katsunori Tawara
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Examination, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, JPN
| | - Hidefumi Akioka
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Examination, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, JPN
| | - Tetsuji Shinohara
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Examination, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita, JPN
| | - Yasushi Teshima
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Examination, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita, JPN
| | - Kunio Yufu
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Examination, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita, JPN
| | - Ryuzo Abe
- Advanced Trauma, Emergency and Critical Care Center, Oita University Hospital, Yufu, JPN
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita, JPN
| | - Naohiko Takahashi
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Examination, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita, JPN
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Pourasghari H, Kolivand P, Azari S, Saberian P, Behzadifar M, Omidi N, Salehbeigi S, Raei B, Rajaie S, Luigi Bragazzi N, Golpira R, Khorgami MR, Khani M, Montazerinamin S, Lotfi F, Tajdini M. Epidemiological, clinical, and economic burden of myocardial infarction patients in Iran during the COVID-19 pandemic. IJC HEART & VASCULATURE 2023; 49:101288. [PMID: 38020058 PMCID: PMC10652134 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcha.2023.101288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Background To define changes in AMI case rates, patient demographics, cardiovascular comorbidities, treatment approaches, in-hospital outcomes, and the economic burden of COVID-19 during the pandemic. Methods We conducted a multicenter, observational survey with selected hospitals from three medical universities in Tehran city. A data collection tool consisting of three parts. The first part included socio-demographic information, and the second part included clinical information, major complications, and in-hospital mortality. Finally, the third part was related to the direct medical costs generated by AMI in COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 patients. The study cohort comprised 4,560 hospitalizations for AMI (2,935 for STEMI [64%] and 1,625 for NSTEMI [36%]). Results Of those hospitalized for AMI, 1,864 (76.6 %) and 1,659 (78 %) were male before the COVID-19 outbreak and during the COVID-19 era, respectively. The length of stay (LOS), was significantly lower during the COVID-19 pandemic era (4.27 ± 3.63 vs 5.24 ± 5.17, p = 0.00). Results showed that there were no significant differences in terms of patient risk factors across periods. A total of 2,126 AMIs were registered during the COVID-19 era, with a 12.65 % reduction (95 % CI 1.5-25.1) compared with the equivalent time in 2019 (P = 0.179). The risk of in-hospital mortality rate for AMI patients increased from 4.9 % in 2019 to 7.0 % in the COVID-19 era (OR = 1.42; 95 % CI 1.11-1.82; P = 0.004). Major complications were registered in 9.7 % of cases in 2020, which is higher than the rate of 6.6 % reported in 2019 (OR = 1.46, 95 % CI 1.11-1.82; P = 0.000). Total costs in hospitalized AMI-COVID patients averaged $188 more than in AMI patients (P = 0.020). Conclusion This cross-sectional study found important changes in AMI hospitalization rates, worse outcomes, and higher costs during the COVID-19 periods. Future studies are recommended to examine the long-term outcomes of hospitalized AMI patients during the COVID-19 era.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Pourasghari
- Hospital Management Research Center, Health Management Research Institute, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pirhossein Kolivand
- Department of Health Economics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samad Azari
- Hospital Management Research Center, Health Management Research Institute, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Peyman Saberian
- Department of Anesthesiology, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Behzadifar
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Negar Omidi
- Tehran Heart Center, Cardiovascular Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahrzad Salehbeigi
- Tehran Heart Center, Cardiovascular Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behzad Raei
- Razi Educational and Therapeutic Center, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Soheila Rajaie
- Research Center for Emergency and Disaster Resilience, Red Crescent Society of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nicola Luigi Bragazzi
- Hospital Management Research Center, Health Management Research Institute, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Golpira
- Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammd Rafie Khorgami
- Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Khani
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Montazerinamin
- Tehran Heart Center, Cardiovascular Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farhad Lotfi
- National Center for Health Insurance Research, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masih Tajdini
- Tehran Heart Center, Cardiovascular Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Ojima M, Ishida K, Katayama Y, Hirose T, Nakao S, Tachino J, Noda T, Umemura Y, Kiguchi T, Kiyohara K, Matsuyama T, Kitamura T, Oda J, Ohnishi M. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on epidemiology, treatment, and outcome of major trauma in Japan in 2020: a retrospective observational nationwide registry-based study. Acute Med Surg 2023; 10:e817. [PMID: 36698916 PMCID: PMC9849826 DOI: 10.1002/ams2.817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim The nationwide impact of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic on major trauma in Japan is unknown. The nationwide registry-based data of the Japanese Trauma Data Bank were analyzed to elucidate the impact of COVID-19 on the epidemiology, treatment, and outcomes of major trauma patients. Methods Among patients transported directly from the injury site by ambulance with an Injury Severity Score of ≥16, we compared patients managed from April to December in 2019 to those managed from April to December in 2020. Results In total, 9792 patients were included in this study (2019, n = 5194; 2020, n = 4598). There were no significant differences in age or sex, but there were significant differences between 2019 and 2020 in the rates of "self-injury (suicide)", "motor vehicle accident", "fall from height", "fall down", and "fall to the ground", which are factors associated with patient age. Injury severity in 2019 and 2020 did not differ to a statistically significant extent, but the rate of major spinal injury increased. The time of prehospital care significantly increased in 2020 compared to 2019. There was no noticeable change in hospital treatment or in-hospital mortality between 2019 and 2020. Conclusion This study suggests that the COVID-19 pandemic might have altered the injuries of major trauma; however, medical services for major trauma were well supplied in Japan in 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Ojima
- Department of Acute Medicine and Critical Care Medical CenterNational Hospital Organization Osaka National HospitalOsakaJapan
| | - Kenichiro Ishida
- Department of Acute Medicine and Critical Care Medical CenterNational Hospital Organization Osaka National HospitalOsakaJapan
| | - Yusuke Katayama
- Department of Traumatology and Acute Critical MedicineOsaka University Graduate School of MedicineSuitaJapan
| | - Tomoya Hirose
- Department of Traumatology and Acute Critical MedicineOsaka University Graduate School of MedicineSuitaJapan
| | - Shunichiro Nakao
- Department of Traumatology and Acute Critical MedicineOsaka University Graduate School of MedicineSuitaJapan
| | - Jotaro Tachino
- Department of Traumatology and Acute Critical MedicineOsaka University Graduate School of MedicineSuitaJapan
| | - Tomohiro Noda
- Department of Traumatology and Critical Care MedicineOsaka Metropolitan University School of MedicineOsakaJapan
| | - Yutaka Umemura
- Department of Emergency and Critical CareOsaka General Medical CenterOsakaJapan
| | - Takeyuki Kiguchi
- Department of Emergency and Critical CareOsaka General Medical CenterOsakaJapan
| | - Kosuke Kiyohara
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Home EconomicsOtsuma Women's UniversityTokyoJapan
| | - Tasuku Matsuyama
- Department of Emergency MedicineKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Tetsuhisa Kitamura
- Division of Environmental Medicine and Population Sciences, Department of Social and Environmental MedicineOsaka University Graduate School of MedicineSuitaJapan
| | - Jun Oda
- Department of Traumatology and Acute Critical MedicineOsaka University Graduate School of MedicineSuitaJapan
| | - Mitsuo Ohnishi
- Department of Acute Medicine and Critical Care Medical CenterNational Hospital Organization Osaka National HospitalOsakaJapan
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