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Jiménez-Jiménez FJ, Alonso-Navarro H, Salgado-Cámara P, García-Martín E, Agúndez JAG. Oxidative Stress Markers in Multiple Sclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6289. [PMID: 38927996 PMCID: PMC11203935 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS) is not completely understood, but genetic factors, autoimmunity, inflammation, demyelination, and neurodegeneration seem to play a significant role. Data from analyses of central nervous system autopsy material from patients diagnosed with multiple sclerosis, as well as from studies in the main experimental model of multiple sclerosis, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), suggest the possibility of a role of oxidative stress as well. In this narrative review, we summarize the main data from studies reported on oxidative stress markers in patients diagnosed with MS and in experimental models of MS (mainly EAE), and case-control association studies on the possible association of candidate genes related to oxidative stress with risk for MS. Most studies have shown an increase in markers of oxidative stress, a decrease in antioxidant substances, or both, with cerebrospinal fluid and serum/plasma malonyl-dialdehyde being the most reliable markers. This topic requires further prospective, multicenter studies with a long-term follow-up period involving a large number of patients with MS and controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Félix Javier Jiménez-Jiménez
- Section of Neurology, Hospital Universitario del Sureste, Arganda del Rey, E-28500 Madrid, Spain; (H.A.-N.); (P.S.-C.)
| | - Hortensia Alonso-Navarro
- Section of Neurology, Hospital Universitario del Sureste, Arganda del Rey, E-28500 Madrid, Spain; (H.A.-N.); (P.S.-C.)
| | - Paula Salgado-Cámara
- Section of Neurology, Hospital Universitario del Sureste, Arganda del Rey, E-28500 Madrid, Spain; (H.A.-N.); (P.S.-C.)
| | - Elena García-Martín
- University Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, Universidad de Extremadura, E-10071 Cáceres, Spain; (E.G.-M.); (J.A.G.A.)
| | - José A. G. Agúndez
- University Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, Universidad de Extremadura, E-10071 Cáceres, Spain; (E.G.-M.); (J.A.G.A.)
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Muñoz-Jurado A, Escribano BM, Túnez I. Animal model of multiple sclerosis: Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Methods Cell Biol 2024; 188:35-60. [PMID: 38880527 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mcb.2024.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a very complex and heterogeneous disease, with an unknown etiology and which, currently, remains incurable. For this reason, animal models are crucial to investigate this disease, which has increased in prevalence in recent years, affecting 2.8 million people worldwide, and is the leading cause of non-traumatic disability in young adults between the ages of 20-30years. Of all the models developed to replicate MS, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) best reflects the autoimmune pathogenesis of MS. There are different methods to induce it, which will give rise to different types of EAE, which will vary in clinical presentation and severity. Of the EAE models, the most widespread and used is the one induced in rodents due to its advantages over other species. Likewise, EAE has become a widely used model in the development of therapies for the treatment of MS. Likewise, it is very useful to define the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of MS and to establish therapeutic targets for this disease. For all these reasons, the EAE model plays a key role in improving the understanding of MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Muñoz-Jurado
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain; Maimonides Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba, Spain.
| | - Begoña M Escribano
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain; Maimonides Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba, Spain
| | - Isaac Túnez
- Maimonides Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba, Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain.
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Jallouli S, Ghroubi S, Sakka S, Ben Dhia I, Damak M, Yahia A, Driss T, Mhiri C, Elleuch MH, Hammouda O. Effects of a nighttime melatonin ingestion on dynamic postural balance and muscle strength the following morning in people living with multiple sclerosis: A preliminary study. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2024; 238:108165. [PMID: 38428060 DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2024.108165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Decreased endogenous melatonin concentrations in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) are associated with fatigue and pain that impair postural balance and muscle strength. Melatonin ingestion had analgesic and anti-fatigue effects. However, the acute effect of exogenous melatonin on dynamic postural stability and muscle strength has not been studied yet in PwMS. This study aimed to investigate the safety and the efficacy of a nighttime melatonin intake on dynamic postural balance and lower-extremity muscle strength the following morning in PwMS. METHODS Fourteen PwMS (28.36 ± 6.81 years) were assessed (8 a.m.) pre- and post-acute intake of melatonin or placebo (6mg, 30 minutes before nocturnal bedtime). Evaluated parameters included dynamic postural balance (force platform), lower-extremity muscle strength [Five-Repetition Sit-To-Stand Test (5-STST)], hand dexterity (Nine-Hole Peg Test), nociceptive pain [Visual Analogue Scale (VAS)], neuropathic pain [Neuropathic Pain 4 Questions (DN4)], sleep quality and fatigue perception [Hooper Index (HI)]. RESULTS In the frontal plane, melatonin reduced the center of pressure (CoP) path length (CoPL), CoPL in the anteroposterior axis (CoPLY) and CoP sway area (CoPAr) compared with placebo by 7.56% (p=0.02, Cohens'd (d)=1.24), 19.27% (p<0.001, d=2.60) and 13.82% (p<0.001, d=2.02), respectively. Melatonin induced a higher decrease in these posturographic parameters compared with placebo in the sagittal plane [CoPL: 9.10% (p=0.005, d=1.02), CoPLY: 4.29% (p=0.025, d=1.07) and CoPAr: 7.45% (p=0.038, d=0.74)]. Melatonin decreased 5-STST duration as well as VAS, DN4, HI-fatigue and HI-sleep scores compared with placebo by 8.19% (p=0.008, d=1.19), 5.74% (p=0.04, d=0.82), 27.30% (p=0.023, d=0.98), 40.15% (p=0.044, d=0.85) and 30.16% (p=0.012, d=1.10), respectively. CONCLUSION This preliminary study, among PwMS, showed that acute melatonin ingestion was safe and efficient for improving dynamic postural stability and lower-extremity muscle strength probably through its analgesic and anti-fatigue effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonda Jallouli
- Research laboratory: Evaluation and Management of Musculoskeletal System Pathologies, LR20ES09, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sfax, Tunisia; High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Tunisia.
| | - Sameh Ghroubi
- Research laboratory: Evaluation and Management of Musculoskeletal System Pathologies, LR20ES09, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Salma Sakka
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Parkinson's Disease and Cerebrovascular Disease, LR12SP19, Habib Bourguiba University Hospital, University of Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Imen Ben Dhia
- Research laboratory: Evaluation and Management of Musculoskeletal System Pathologies, LR20ES09, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sfax, Tunisia; High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Mariem Damak
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Parkinson's Disease and Cerebrovascular Disease, LR12SP19, Habib Bourguiba University Hospital, University of Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Abdelmoneem Yahia
- Research laboratory: Evaluation and Management of Musculoskeletal System Pathologies, LR20ES09, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Tarak Driss
- LINP2, UFR STAPS, University of Paris Nanterre, Nanterre, France
| | - Chokri Mhiri
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Parkinson's Disease and Cerebrovascular Disease, LR12SP19, Habib Bourguiba University Hospital, University of Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Habib Elleuch
- Research laboratory: Evaluation and Management of Musculoskeletal System Pathologies, LR20ES09, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Omar Hammouda
- LINP2, UFR STAPS, University of Paris Nanterre, Nanterre, France; Research Laboratory, Molecular bases of Human Pathology, LR19ES13, Faculty of Medicine of Sfax, University of Sfax, Tunisia
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Nowak-Kiczmer M, Niedziela N, Czuba ZP, Sowa P, Wierzbicki K, Lubczyński M, Adamczyk-Sowa M. A comparison of serum inflammatory parameters in progressive forms of multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2023; 79:105004. [PMID: 37738756 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2023.105004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. Primary progressive MS (PPMS) is diagnosed in approximately 10-15 % of MS patients. Disease-modifying therapies (DMT) are less effective in modifying the course of progressive types of MS. It seems that inflammatory processes differ in the MS subtypes. OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to assess differences in the inflammatory parameters between PPMS and other courses of MS. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 84 subjects were included in the study. The study group was divided according to the course of MS into the following categories: PPMS (n = 24); SPMS-secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (n = 14); RRMS-relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (n = 46). PPMS patients were further divided into treated with ocrelizumab and treatment-naive groups. The concentrations of serum inflammatory parameters were evaluated. RESULTS PPMS and SPMS significantly differed in the serum levels of sCD30, gp130, sIL-6R alpha, osteopontin, pentraxin-3 and sTNF-R1. The serum concentrations of IFN-alpha2, IL-10, IL-20, IL-29 and osteopontin significantly differed between PPMS and RRMS. The serum levels of BAFF, IL-19, IL-20, pentraxin-3, s-TNF-R1 and s-TNF-R2 significantly differed between PPMS treated with ocrelizumab and treatment-naive. CONCLUSION Although inflammatory processes take part in the pathogenesis of all types of MS, they differ between MS courses. Serum inflammatory parameters seem to be promising biomarkers in helping to differentiate courses of MS, and in assessing reactions to DMT treatment. Further investigations on their usage are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Nowak-Kiczmer
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Zabrze, Poland.
| | - Natalia Niedziela
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Zenon P Czuba
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Paweł Sowa
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Oncological Laryngology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Wierzbicki
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Michał Lubczyński
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Monika Adamczyk-Sowa
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Zabrze, Poland
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Morsali S, Sabahi Z, Kakaei J, Hakimzadeh Z, Hamidi S, Gholipour-Khalili E, Sanaie S, Talebi M, Naseri A. Clinical efficacy and safety of melatonin supplementation in multiple sclerosis: a systematic review. Inflammopharmacology 2023; 31:2213-2220. [PMID: 37429996 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-023-01271-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Melatonin is a neurohormone secreted predominantly by the pineal gland that is demonstrated to be associated with the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS). This research desires to evaluate the tolerability and beneficial effects of exogenous melatonin supplementations in patients with MS. METHODS This study was executed following the PRISMA 2020 statement. Both observational and interventional studies which reported the clinical effectiveness and/or safety of melatonin supplementation in patients with MS were included in this systematic review. Ovid, PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science databases were searched and the risk of bias in included studies was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal tools based on study design. RESULTS Out of 1304 results of database searches, finally, 14 articles, including 7 randomized controlled trials (RCTs), 6 case-control studies, and one quasi-experimental study, were included based on the full-text review. Included phenotypes of MS were mostly relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) (in 11 studies); it was secondary progressive MS (SPMS) in only one study, and two other studies had a mixture of the different phenotypes. The course of treatment with melatonin supplementation was between 2 weeks and 12 months. There were no substantial safety issues. Although melatonin was associated with enhanced oxidative stress and inflammation status, concerning the clinical benefits, limited studies suggested improvements in sleep conditions, cognitive outcomes, and fatigue in MS. DISCUSSION There are insufficient data to support the regular melatonin prescription in MS. Limitations such as the small number of included studies, the diversity of the dosage, route, and duration of melatonin administration, and the diversity of assessment tests lead to unconvincing findings in this study. There is a need for future studies to achieve a comprehensive judgment on this subject.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soroush Morsali
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Golgasht Street, Tabriz, 5166/15731, East Azerbaijan, Iran
| | - Zahra Sabahi
- Research Center for Evidence-Based Medicine, Iranian EBM Centre: A Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Center of Excellence, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Javad Kakaei
- Zanjan Branch (IAUZ), Islamic Azad University, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Zahra Hakimzadeh
- Neurosciences Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5166/15731, Iran
| | - Sana Hamidi
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Golgasht Street, Tabriz, 5166/15731, East Azerbaijan, Iran
| | | | - Sarvin Sanaie
- Neurosciences Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5166/15731, Iran
| | - Mahnaz Talebi
- Neurosciences Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5166/15731, Iran.
| | - Amirreza Naseri
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Golgasht Street, Tabriz, 5166/15731, East Azerbaijan, Iran.
- Research Center for Evidence-Based Medicine, Iranian EBM Centre: A Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Center of Excellence, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Nowak-Kiczmer M, Niedziela N, Zalejska-Fiolka J, Adamczyk-Sowa M. Evaluation of antioxidant parameters of multiple sclerosis patients' serum according to the disease course. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2023; 77:104875. [PMID: 37454567 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2023.104875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. Its clinical courses are clinically isolated syndrome (CIS), relapsing remitting (RRMS), secondary progressive (SPMS), and primary progressive (PPMS). The differentiation of MS types is crucial for adequate treatment. OBJECTIVES To evaluate antioxidant parameters of MS patients' serum according to MS type. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study included 84 patients diagnosed with MS. The study group was divided into three subgroups corresponding to MS courses RRMS, SPMS, and PPMS. Sulfhydryl groups (SH), ceruloplasmin (CER), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and its isoforms were identified in study participants' sera. RESULTS CuZnSOD levels were significantly higher in SPMS patients than in PPMS patients, but there was no difference between SMPS and treatment-naive PPMS patients. MnSOD activity was significantly lower in SPMS patients than in PPMS patients. Our results show that SH levels were decreased in SPMS patients compared with RRMS patients, but this difference was significant only for male participants. SH concentration was reversely correlated with age, BMI, disease duration, EDSS, and in smoking patients with pack-years. CER serum levels waere elevated in SPMS patients compared with RRMS patients, but this difference was significant only for male participants. Our results show correlation between CER and EDSS levels. CONCLUSION Oxidative stress plays a limited role in all disease stages, particularly in smokers as a confounding factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Nowak-Kiczmer
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Zabrze, Poland.
| | - Natalia Niedziela
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Jolanta Zalejska-Fiolka
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Monika Adamczyk-Sowa
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Zabrze, Poland
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Chen HY, Pan YX, Li XB, Yun YF, Yang GX, Jiang YM, Lu D, Huang JM. Expression of Ceruloplasmin in the Peripheral Blood of Patients With Drug-Resistant Epilepsy. J Clin Pharmacol 2023; 63:466-472. [PMID: 36433654 DOI: 10.1002/jcph.2183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This study was performed to detect the expression of ceruloplasmin in the peripheral blood of patients with drug-resistant epilepsy and explore the mechanisms of iron metabolism disorder in drug-resistant epilepsy. Peripheral blood was collected from 32 patients with drug-resistant epilepsy, labeled the drug-resistant group; 30 patients who were drug responsive, labeled the drug-responsive group; and 34 healthy people, named the normal group.The expression levels of ceruloplasmin mRNA and ceruloplasmin protein in the peripheral blood of the 3 groups were detected using real-time fluorescence-based quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blot. The differences in the expression of ceruloplasmin mRNA of different seizure frequencies and types, electroencephalogram abnormal discharges, and different medication methods were analyzed and compared. The relative expression of ceruloplasmin mRNA and ceruloplasmin protein in the drug-resistant epilepsy group was significantly higher than that in the drug-responsive group (P = .002 and .010, respectively) and higher in the drug-responsive group compared with the normal group (P = .014 and .005, respectively). The relative expression of ceruloplasmin mRNA in patients with epilepsy using different medication methods was statistically significant (P = .001). Patients who received a combination of 2 or 3 drugs exhibited a higher expression than those treated with single-drug treatment, whereas those who received a combination of 3 drugs had a higher expression than those with 2 drugs (P = .013, .001, and .011, respectively). There was no significant difference in the relative expression of Cp mRNA in patients with epilepsy with different seizure frequencies and types and abnormal electroencephalogram discharges (all P > .05). The increased expression of ceruloplasmin in the peripheral blood of patients with drug-resistant epilepsy was closely related to the different medication methods, but no obvious correlation with epileptic seizure frequencies or types and abnormal electroencephalogram discharges was identified. The increased expression of ceruloplasmin enhanced iron oxidative damage and may be the potential mechanism of drug-resistant epilepsy and may be one of the drug resistance indicators for combination drugs when treating drug-resistant epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Yan Chen
- Department of Neurology, the Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Yao-Xin Pan
- Department of Neurology, the Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Xue-Bin Li
- Department of Neurology, the Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Yan-Fang Yun
- Department of Neurology, the Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Gui-Xin Yang
- Department of Neurology, the Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Yong-Ming Jiang
- Department of Neurology, the Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Dong Lu
- Medical Laboratory, the Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Jian-Min Huang
- Department of Neurology, the Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
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Gaun S, Ali SA, Singh P, Patwa J, Flora SJS, Datusalia AK. Melatonin ameliorates chronic copper-induced lung injury. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:24949-24962. [PMID: 35359208 PMCID: PMC8970640 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19930-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is an important trace element required for several biological processes. The use of copper is increasing gradually in several applications. Previous studies suggest that excess levels of copper are attributed to induce oxidative stress and inflammation, mediating tissue damage. Inline, melatonin the hormone of darkness has been reported to exhibit various therapeutic effects including strong free radical scavenging properties and anti-inflammatory effects. However, its effects against pulmonary injury promoted by copper are not explored and remain unclear so far. Therefore, the present study was aimed to investigate the protective effect of melatonin against copper-induced lung damage. Female Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were exposed to 250 ppm of copper in drinking water for 16 weeks and treated with melatonin (i.p.) 5 and 10 mg/kg from the week (13-16th). The extent of tissue damage was assessed by tissue oxidative stress parameters, metal estimation and histological analysis. Copper-challenged rats showed altered oxidative stress variables. In addition, metal analysis revealed increased copper accumulation in the lungs and histological staining results further indicated severe tissue injury and inflammatory cell infiltration in copper-exposed rats. To this side, treatment with melatonin showed antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities evidenced by reduced oxidative stress, tissue inflammation and collagen deposition as compared to copper-exposed animals. Moreover, spectral findings suggested melatonin treatment modulated the frequency sift, as compared to copper-challenged animals. Altogether, the present results suggest that melatonin might play a potential role in preventing copper-induced lung aberrations via inhibiting the ROS-mediated oxidative stress and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachin Gaun
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Raebareli (NIPER-R), Transit campus, Lucknow, U.P., 226002, India
| | - Syed Afroz Ali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Raebareli (NIPER-R), Transit campus, Lucknow, U.P., 226002, India
| | - Pooja Singh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Raebareli (NIPER-R), Transit campus, Lucknow, U.P., 226002, India
| | - Jayant Patwa
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Raebareli (NIPER-R), Transit campus, Lucknow, U.P., 226002, India
| | - Swaran Jeet Singh Flora
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Raebareli (NIPER-R), Transit campus, Lucknow, U.P., 226002, India
| | - Ashok Kumar Datusalia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Raebareli (NIPER-R), Transit campus, Lucknow, U.P., 226002, India.
- Department of Regulatory Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Raebareli (NIPER-R), Transit campus, Lucknow, U.P., 226002, India.
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Neşelioğlu S, Fırat Oğuz E, Erel Ö. Development of a New Colorimetric, Kinetic and Automated Ceruloplasmin Ferroxidase Activity Measurement Method. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11112187. [PMID: 36358559 PMCID: PMC9686494 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11112187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Ceruloplasmin plays an important role in the regulation of iron metabolism. Ceruloplasmin is an acute-phase protein known to have many metabolic effects. Its activity increases during infection, inflammation, and compensation of oxidation. In the current study, our aim is to develop a new method for the measurement of ferroxidase activity without requiring any chromogen. Methods: Venous blood samples were collected into serum separator tubes. Ferric iron ions formed by the enzyme ferroxidase were measured, both manually and fully automatically, at the 415 nm wavelength without using chromogen. These results were compared to conventional ferroxidase measurement methods and to the immunoturbidimetric ceruloplasmin measurement method. Results: The detection limit of the new assay was 14.8 U/L. The upper limit of the linearity was 1380 U/L. Precision values were calculated for high, medium, and low levels of ferroxidase activity in serum pool. The coefficient of variation was <5% for each level. Conclusion: In the present method, chromogens are not used. With its considerably low cost and short reaction time, this method is able to provide fast results, can be performed easily, and makes accurate measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salim Neşelioğlu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +90-506-787-62-45
| | - Esra Fırat Oğuz
- Clinical Biochemistry Laboratory, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Özcan Erel
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
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Melatonin and multiple sclerosis: antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulator mechanism of action. Inflammopharmacology 2022; 30:1569-1596. [PMID: 35665873 PMCID: PMC9167428 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-022-01011-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Melatonin is an indole hormone secreted primarily by the pineal gland that showing anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic capacity. It can play an important role in the pathophysiological mechanisms of various diseases. In this regard, different studies have shown that there is a relationship between Melatonin and Multiple Sclerosis (MS). MS is a chronic immune-mediated disease of the Central Nervous System. AIM The objective of this review was to evaluate the mechanisms of action of melatonin on oxidative stress, inflammation and intestinal dysbiosis caused by MS, as well as its interaction with different hormones and factors that can influence the pathophysiology of the disease. RESULTS Melatonin causes a significant increase in the levels of catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione and can counteract and inhibit the effects of the NLRP3 inflammasome, which would also be beneficial during SARS-CoV-2 infection. In addition, melatonin increases antimicrobial peptides, especially Reg3β, which could be useful in controlling the microbiota. CONCLUSION Melatonin could exert a beneficial effect in people suffering from MS, running as a promising candidate for the treatment of this disease. However, more research in human is needed to help understand the possible interaction between melatonin and certain sex hormones, such as estrogens, to know the potential therapeutic efficacy in both men and women.
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Bel'skaya LV, Sarf EA, Shalygin SP, Postnova TV, Kosenok VK. Potential Diagnostic Significance of Salivary Copper Determination in Breast Cancer Patients: A Pilot Study. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:953-960. [PMID: 33837914 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-02710-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Determination of the copper content in the saliva of breast cancer patients was carried out to assess the potential diagnostic and prognostic value. The malignant group included 75 breast cancer patients; the benign group included 87 patients with fibroadenomas; and the control group included 20 volunteers without breast pathology. All participants had 1 ml of saliva collected prior to treatment. The determination of copper in saliva was carried out by the stripping voltammetric method. Overall survival was assessed using the Kaplan-Meier method with the presentation of survival curves and the calculation of the significance of differences by Log-rank. The average copper content in the saliva of breast cancer patients is 49.3% higher than in patients with fibroadenomas and 60.4% higher than in volunteers without breast pathologies. Within the group of breast cancer patients, the content of copper in saliva is heterogeneous, which limits the possibilities of using this indicator for diagnostic purposes. The copper content increases when comparing the initial stages and locally widespread (+ 22.4%) and then sharply increases by 3.5 times at the T3-4N0-2M0 stage. For HER2-positive breast cancer, the copper content in saliva is 51.9% higher than for HER2-negative, a similar pattern was observed for luminal A and B breast cancer subtypes. The content of copper in saliva less than 1.14 mg/l is a prognostically unfavorable sign, while the relative risk of dying from breast cancer more than doubles. Thus, the content of copper in saliva can be used in clinical practice for planning treatment tactics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyudmila V Bel'skaya
- Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Omsk State Pedagogical University, Omsk, 644043, Russia.
| | - Elena A Sarf
- Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Omsk State Pedagogical University, Omsk, 644043, Russia
| | - Sergey P Shalygin
- Department of Chemistry, Omsk State Medical University, Omsk, 644099, Russia
| | - Tatyana V Postnova
- Department of Chemistry, Omsk State Medical University, Omsk, 644099, Russia
| | - Victor K Kosenok
- Department of Oncology, Omsk State Medical University, Omsk, 644099, Russia
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12
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Effect of pasteurization on melatonin concentration in human breast milk. POSTEP HIG MED DOSW 2022. [DOI: 10.2478/ahem-2022-0022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Women who have problems with lactation can use human milk banks. Mainly this human milk is provided to premature babies and sick newborns. Human milk is the most suitable food for newborns and infants, recommended by WHO (World Health Organization). Human milk has anti-inflammatory, anti-infective, and anti-allergic properties, and also works for immunomodulation. Melatonin has a special, underestimated importance in the composition of breast milk. It is a hormone that has many body functions and, for several decades, its antioxidant potential has been increasingly talked about.
The aim of the study was to examine the effect of Holder pasteurization on melatonin concentration in human milk.
Materials and Methods
18 samples of human milk from donors from the human milk bank were used for the analysis. Melatonin concentration before and after pasteurization was determined by ELISA. In addition, the nutritional content composition of milk was analyzed using MIRIS Human Milk Analyzer and correlations examined.
Results
Melatonin concentration in human milk before pasteurization was 0.65–26.24 pg/mL (Me=9.58, IQR=12.72), while after pasteurization 0.80–29.58 pg/mL (Me=9.98, IQR=11.26). There was a positive correlation between melatonin concentration before and after pasteurization (r=0.797, p<0.001).
Conclusions
The Holder pasteurization process does not affect the concentration of melatonin in milk samples, which may be a recommendation for human milk banks.
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El-Deeb W, Abdelghani MA, Alhaider A, Fayez M. Oxidative stress, ceruloplasmin and neopterin biomarkers in dromedary camels with clinical endometritis. Anim Reprod 2022; 19:e20220035. [PMID: 36156882 PMCID: PMC9484399 DOI: 10.1590/1984-3143-ar2022-0035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of some oxidative stress (OS), ceruloplasmin (Cp), and neopterin (NPT) as diagnostic biomarkers for dromedary camels endometritis as well as to explore the impact of ceftiofur treatment on endometritis. Camels were categorized into two groups; healthy control group (n = 20) and endometritis group (n = 60). She-camels with clinical signs of endometritis (CE) received 6.6 mg/kg BW of ceftiofur (i/m). On days 7, and 14, she-camels were evaluated and clinical cure or failure to cure was determined. The comparison of the groups for OS demonstrated that endometritis caused an increase in serum malondialdehyde (sMDA), Cp, and NPT levels (P<0.05), but decreased serum levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione (GSH) (P<0.05). The most prevalent pathogens involved in the etiology of CE are Arcanobacterium pyogenes, Streptococcus pyogenes, and Staphylococcus aureus. All examined biomarkers demonstrated a high degree of recognition between CE camel and healthy controls (the area under the curve (AUC) was 95.9 for NPT). A higher proportion of camels with CE that were treated with ceftiofur (90%, P<0.0001) showed clinical cure by the first dose, while 10% required a second dose. In conclusion, CE causes increased oxidative reactions and decreased antioxidant defense competence. Subsequently, the alteration in that balance that was represented by the biomarkers of OS could be beneficial for clinical practice and basic clinical research. Additionally, all trials demonstrated the efficacy of ceftiofur for the treatment of CE in she-camel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wael El-Deeb
- Vice Presidency for Graduate Studies and Scientific Research, Saudi Arabia; King Faisal University, Saudi Arabia; Mansoura University, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Ali Abdelghani
- Vice Presidency for Graduate Studies and Scientific Research, Saudi Arabia; King Faisal University, Saudi Arabia; Assuit University, Egypt
| | - Abdulrahman Alhaider
- Vice Presidency for Graduate Studies and Scientific Research, Saudi Arabia; King Faisal University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud Fayez
- Al Ahsa Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Saudi Arabia
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Mannucci C, Casciaro M, Sorbara EE, Calapai F, Di Salvo E, Pioggia G, Navarra M, Calapai G, Gangemi S. Nutraceuticals against Oxidative Stress in Autoimmune Disorders. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10020261. [PMID: 33567628 PMCID: PMC7914737 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10020261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Antioxidant mechanisms are constituted of enzymes, endogenous, and non-enzymatic, exogenous, which have the role of counterbalancing oxidative stress. Intake of these compounds occurs in the diet. Vegetables, plants, and fruits contain a wide range of alkaloids, polyphenols, and terpenoids which are called “phytochemicals”. Most of these substances are responsible for the positive properties of fruits and vegetables, which are an essential part of a healthy life with roles in ameliorating chronic illnesses and favoring longevity. Nutraceuticals are substances contained in a food or fragment of it influencing health with positive effects on health helping in precenting or treating disorders. We conducted a review illustrating the principal applications of nutraceuticals in autoimmune disorders. Literature reported several studies about exogenous dietary antioxidant supplementation in diverse autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, diabetes, and multiple sclerosis. In these pathologies, promising results were obtained in some cases. Positive outcomes were generally associated with a reduction of oxidative stress parameters and a boost to antioxidant systems, and sometimes with anti-inflammatory effects. The administration of exogenous substances through food derivates or dietary supplements following scientific standardization was demonstrated to be effective. Further bias-free and extended studies should be conducted that include ever-increasing oxidative stress biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Mannucci
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (C.M.); (E.E.S.); (G.C.)
| | - Marco Casciaro
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit and School of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-090-221-2013
| | - Emanuela Elisa Sorbara
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (C.M.); (E.E.S.); (G.C.)
| | - Fabrizio Calapai
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy; (F.C.); (M.N.)
| | - Eleonora Di Salvo
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Pioggia
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 98164 Messina, Italy;
| | - Michele Navarra
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy; (F.C.); (M.N.)
| | - Gioacchino Calapai
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (C.M.); (E.E.S.); (G.C.)
| | - Sebastiano Gangemi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit and School of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy;
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Anagnostouli M, Markoglou N, Chrousos G. Psycho-neuro-endocrino-immunologic issues in multiple sclerosis: a critical review of clinical and therapeutic implications. Hormones (Athens) 2020; 19:485-496. [PMID: 32488815 DOI: 10.1007/s42000-020-00197-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a multifactorial, chronic, immune-mediated, and neurodegenerative disease, having a well-known hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis dysfunction. Several hormones have a great impact in the immune dysregulation, psychology, and cognitive status of patients with MS, as also in the fertility and response to treatment. In this comprehensive review, as an introduction, we mention basic data concerning MS: epidemiology, genetics, immunogenetics, epigenetics, pathophysiology, and neuroimmunology. Hormonal components of the disease cascade, mainly glucocorticoids (stress-related hormone), estrogens, prolactin and dehydroepiandrosterone (sex-related hormones), melatonin, and vitamin D, are discussed, aiming at focusing on core data regarding the impact of these hormones in MS pathophysiology, severity of the disease, correlation with comorbid mental disorders, and fertility. A great focus is given in the pre- and post-pregnancy period of MS patients, in the context of the disease-modifying treatments (DMTs) and HPA status, having in mind that there are only very limited knowledge and few papers on this specific life period of these women, having MS. All this data are presented in the main text and also in the workable tables, for the first time, suggesting targeted topics that need to be addressed in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Anagnostouli
- Demyelinating Diseases Clinic, 1st Department of Neurology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aeginition Hospital, Vasilissis Sofias 72-74, 115 28, Athens, Greece.
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, 1st Department of Neurology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aeginition Hospital, Vasilissis Sofias 72-74, 115 28, Athens, Greece.
| | - Nikolaos Markoglou
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, 1st Department of Neurology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aeginition Hospital, Vasilissis Sofias 72-74, 115 28, Athens, Greece
| | - George Chrousos
- University Research Institute of Maternal and Child Health and Precision Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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General, 21-Day Postoperative Rehabilitation Program Has Beneficial Effect on Oxidative Stress Markers in Patients after Total Hip or Knee Replacement. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:4598437. [PMID: 33062140 PMCID: PMC7532996 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4598437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Imbalance in prooxidant-antioxidant equilibrium plays an important role in the progression of osteoarthritis (OA). Postoperative rehabilitation significantly improves the functional activity of patients with OA. We aimed to assess the effect of the general 21-day postoperative rehabilitation on the oxidative stress markers in patients after total hip arthroplasty or knee replacement. Patients (n =41) started individually designed postoperative rehabilitation ca. 90 days after endoprosthesis implantation. We used the six-minute walk test (6MWT) to quantify the changes in their exercise capacity. We analyzed the oxidative stress markers: total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total superoxide dismutase (SOD), Cu-Zn-superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD) and ceruloplasmin (Cp) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) and lipofuscin (LPS) concentration in patients serum to asses changes in the oxidative stress intensity. We found that after 21-days postoperative rehabilitation program: the average distance walked by patients increased by 69 m; TAC increased by 0.20 ± 0.14 mmol/l; both SOD isoforms activities increased by 1.6 (±1.7) and 1.72 (±1.5) NU/ml, respectively; but Cp activity decreased by 1.8 (0.7-3.7) mg/dl. Also, we observed lower concentrations of lipid peroxidation markers: by 19.6 ± 24.4 μmol/l for MDA and by 0.4 ± 0.5 RF for LPS. A 21-day postoperative rehabilitation program effectively reduces oxidative processes, which helps the patients after total hip or knee replacement in a successful recovery.
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Abstract
It has been reported that Cu(II) ions in human blood are bound mainly to serum albumin (HSA), ceruloplasmin (CP), alpha-2-macroglobulin (α2M) and His, however, data for α2M are very limited and the thermodynamics and kinetics of the copper distribution are not known. We have applied a new LC-ICP MS-based approach for direct determination of Cu(II)-binding affinities of HSA, CP and α2M in the presence of competing Cu(II)-binding reference ligands including His. The ligands affected both the rate of metal release from Cu•HSA complex and the value of KD. Slow release and KD = 0.90 pM was observed with nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA), whereas His showed fast release and substantially lower KD = 34.7 fM (50 mM HEPES, 50 mM NaCl, pH 7.4), which was explained with formation of ternary His•Cu•HSA complex. High mM concentrations of EDTA were not able to elicit metal release from metallated CP at pH 7.4 and therefore it was impossible to determine the KD value for CP. In contrast to earlier inconclusive evidence, we show that α2M does not bind Cu(II) ions. In the human blood serum ~75% of Cu(II) ions are in a nonexchangeable manner bound to CP and the rest exchangeable copper is in an equilibrium between HSA (~25%) and Cu(II)-His-Xaa ternary complexes (~0.2%).
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18
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Skarlis C, Anagnostouli M. The role of melatonin in Multiple Sclerosis. Neurol Sci 2019; 41:769-781. [PMID: 31845043 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-019-04137-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Melatonin is a neurohormone mainly produced by the pineal gland following a circadian rhythm. It is characterized as a pleiotropic factor because it not only regulates the wake-sleep rhythm but also exerts antinociceptive, antidepressant, anxiolytic, and immunomodulating properties. Recent studies suggest that dysregulation of melatonin secretion is associated with the pathogenesis of various autoimmune diseases, such as, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and multiple sclerosis (MS). MS is an autoimmune disorder characterized by an abnormal immune response directed against the myelin sheath in the central nervous system, demyelination, oligodendrocyte death, and axonal degeneration. Recent evidence reveals that melatonin secretion is dysregulated in MS patients, suggesting that melatonin could be a potential target for therapeutic intervention. Here, we summarize the available literature regarding the role of melatonin in immune processes relevant for experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), MS, and the current clinical trials of melatonin supplementation in MS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charalampos Skarlis
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, 1st Department of Neurology, Medical School of National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aeginition Hospital, Vas. Sophias, 74, 115 28, Athens, Greece.
| | - Maria Anagnostouli
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, 1st Department of Neurology, Medical School of National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aeginition Hospital, Vas. Sophias, 74, 115 28, Athens, Greece. .,Demyelinating Diseases Clinic, 1st Department of Neurology, Medical School of National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aeginition Hospital, Athens, Greece.
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20
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Othman S, Daggumati S, Patel R, Ross J, Sataloff RT. Laboratory Evaluation of Spasmodic Dysphonia. J Voice 2019; 34:934-939. [PMID: 31288958 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the utility of comprehensive laboratory evaluation in patients with spasmodic dysphonia (SD). STUDY DESIGN Retrospective chart review. METHODS A review of the medical records of 40 patients diagnosed with spasmodic dysphonia from 2009-2018 was preformed to evaluate abnormal test results that were significant when compared with abnormal results of the general population and for any other clinically relevant pathology. RESULTS Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, ceruloplasmin levels, and anti-AChR were found to be elevated at levels considered statistically significant (p <0.05). Furthermore, we found levels of cholesterol, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), T3, fasting blood glucose, creatine kinase, immunoglobulin, antinuclear antibody (ANA), and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels to be abnormal at a greater rate in our population, but these were not statistically significant. Workup revealed several underlying conditions including thyroid neoplasms, hypothyroidism, and laryngopharyngeal reflux. Additionally, brain MRI revealed age-related ischemic pathology in an elevated number of patients, but with no obvious clinical sequalae. CONCLUSION There is an association between serological values and spasmodic dysphonia that can aid in diagnosing pathology, as well as establishing a directed workup. Additionally, our study shows the utility of comprehensive evaluation in identifying undetected disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sammy Othman
- Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Rohan Patel
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, The State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York
| | - Justin Ross
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Robert T Sataloff
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, Senior Associate Dean, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
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Shukla M, Chinchalongporn V, Govitrapong P, Reiter RJ. The role of melatonin in targeting cell signaling pathways in neurodegeneration. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2019; 1443:75-96. [PMID: 30756405 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are typified by neuronal loss associated with progressive dysfunction and clinical presentation. Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by the intra- and extracellular conglomeration of misfolded proteins that occur because of abnormal protein dynamics and genetic manipulations; these trigger processes of cell death in these disorders. The disrupted signaling mechanisms involved are oxidative stress-mediated mitochondrial and calcium signaling deregulation, alterations in immune and inflammatory signaling, disruption of autophagic integrity, proteostasis dysfunction, and anomalies in the insulin, Notch, and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways. Herein, we accentuate some of the contemporary translational approaches made in characterizing the underlying mechanisms of neurodegeneration. Melatonin-induced cognitive enhancement and inhibition of oxidative signaling substantiates the efficacy of melatonin in combating neurodegenerative processes. Our review considers in detail the possible roles of melatonin in understanding the synergistic pathogenic mechanisms between aggregated proteins and in regulating, modulating, and preventing the altered signaling mechanisms discovered in cellular and animal models along with clinical evaluations pertaining to neurodegeneration. Furthermore, this review showcases the therapeutic potential of melatonin in preventing and treating neurodegenerative diseases with optimum prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayuri Shukla
- Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Vorapin Chinchalongporn
- Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, Thailand.,Research Center for Neuroscience, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Salaya, Thailand
| | - Piyarat Govitrapong
- Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, Thailand.,Research Center for Neuroscience, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Salaya, Thailand
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
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22
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Mørkholt AS, Kastaniegaard K, Trabjerg MS, Gopalasingam G, Niganze W, Larsen A, Stensballe A, Nielsen S, Nieland JD. Identification of brain antigens recognized by autoantibodies in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis-induced animals treated with etomoxir or interferon-β. Sci Rep 2018; 8:7092. [PMID: 29728570 PMCID: PMC5935685 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-25391-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurodegenerative autoimmune disease, where chronic inflammation plays an essential role in its pathology. A feature of MS is the production of autoantibodies stimulated by an altered-peptide-ligand response and epitope spreading, resulting in loss of tolerance for self-proteins. The involvement of autoantibodies in MS pathogenesis has been suggested to initiate and drive progression of inflammation; however, the etiology of MS remains unknown. The effect of etomoxir and interferon-β (IFN-β) was examined in an experimental-autoimmune-encephalomyelitis (EAE) model of MS. Moreover, the impact of etomoxir and IFN-β on recognition of brain proteins in serum from EAE rats was examined with the purpose of identifying the autoantibody reactivities involved in MS. Animals treated with etomoxir on day 1 exhibited a statistically significantly lower disease score than animals treated with IFN-β (on day 1 or 5) or placebo. Etomoxir treatment on day 5 resulted in a significantly lower disease score than IFN-β treatment on day 1. After disease induction antibodies was induced to a broad pallet of antigens in the brain. Surprisingly, by blocking CPT1 and therewith lipid metabolism several alterations in the antibody response was observed suggesting that autoantibodies play a role in the EAE animal model.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Gopana Gopalasingam
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Wanda Niganze
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Agnete Larsen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Allan Stensballe
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Søren Nielsen
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - John Dirk Nieland
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.
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Karaaslan Z, Mercan Ö, Tüzün E, Mısırlı H, Türkoğlu R. A Case of Seronegative Limbic Encephalitis with Multiple Sclerosis: A Possible Overlapping Syndrome. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CASE REPORTS 2017; 18:64-66. [PMID: 28096524 PMCID: PMC5266202 DOI: 10.12659/ajcr.901391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Patient: Female, 45 Final Diagnosis: Autoimmune encephalitis Symptoms: Memory loss • altered mental status • anhedonia Medication: Methylprednisolone • immunoglobulin Clinical Procedure: Immunotherapy Specialty: Neurology
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Affiliation(s)
- Zerrin Karaaslan
- Department of Neurology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Özlem Mercan
- Department of Neurology, Haydarpaşa Numune Training and Research Center, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Erdem Tüzün
- Department of Neurology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Handan Mısırlı
- Department of Neurology, Haydarpaşa Numune Training and Research Center, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Recai Türkoğlu
- Department of Neurology, Haydarpaşa Numune Training and Research Center, Istanbul, Turkey
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