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Sun C, Li S, Ding J. Biomaterials-Boosted Immunotherapy for Osteosarcoma. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2400864. [PMID: 38771618 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202400864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a primary malignant bone tumor that emanates from mesenchymal cells, commonly found in the epiphyseal end of long bones. The highly recurrent and metastatic nature of OS poses significant challenges to the efficacy of treatment and negatively affects patient prognosis. Currently, available clinical treatment strategies primarily focus on maximizing tumor resection and reducing localized symptoms rather than the complete eradication of malignant tumor cells to achieve ideal outcomes. The biomaterials-boosted immunotherapy for OS is characterized by high effectiveness and a favorable safety profile. This therapeutic approach manipulates the tumor microenvironments at the cellular and molecular levels to impede tumor progression. This review delves into the mechanisms underlying the treatment of OS, emphasizing biomaterials-enhanced tumor immunity. Moreover, it summarizes the immune cell phenotype and tumor microenvironment regulation, along with the ability of immune checkpoint blockade to activate the autoimmune system. Gaining a profound comprehension of biomaterials-boosted OS immunotherapy is imperative to explore more efficacious immunotherapy protocols and treatment options in this setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Sun
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Orthopedic Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130061, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Shuqiang Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Orthopedic Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130061, P. R. China
| | - Jianxun Ding
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
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2
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Mou Y, Sun Y, Liu G, Zhang N, He Z, Gu S. Screening of differentially expressed RNAs and identifying a ceRNA axis during cadmium-induced oxidative damage in pancreatic β cells. Sci Rep 2024; 14:18962. [PMID: 39152192 PMCID: PMC11329516 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-69937-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Cadmium, a common metal pollutant, has been demonstrated to induce type 2 diabetes by disrupting pancreatic β cells function. In this study, transcriptome microarray was utilized to identify differential gene expression in oxidative damage to pancreatic β cells following cadmium exposure. The results indicated that a series of mRNAs, LncRNAs, and miRNAs were altered. Of the differentially expressed miRNAs, miR-29a-3p exhibited the most pronounced alteration, with an 11.62-fold increase relative to the control group. Following this, the target gene of miR-29a-3p was identified as Col3a1 through three databases (miRDB, miRTarbase and Tarbase), which demonstrated a decrease across the transcriptome microarray. The upstream target gene of miR-29a-3p was identified as NONMMUT036805, with decreased expression observed in the microarray. Finally, the expression trend of NONMMUT036805/miR-29a-3p/Col3a1 was reversed following NAC pretreatment. This was accompanied by a reduction in oxidative damage indicators, MDA/ROS/GSH-Px appeared to be negatively affected to varying degrees. In conclusion, this study has demonstrated that multiple RNAs are altered during cadmium exposure-induced oxidative damage in pancreatic β cells. The NONMMUT036805/miR-29a-3p/Col3a1 axis has been shown to be involved in this process, which provides a foundation for the identification of potential targets for cadmium toxicity intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahao Mou
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Dali University, No. 22, Wanhua Road, Dali, Yunnan, 671000, People's Republic of China
- Sichuan Tianfu New Area Public Health Center, Zhengxing Street, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610218, People's Republic of China
| | - Yifei Sun
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Dali University, No. 22, Wanhua Road, Dali, Yunnan, 671000, People's Republic of China
| | - Guofen Liu
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Dali University, No. 22, Wanhua Road, Dali, Yunnan, 671000, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Dali University, No. 22, Wanhua Road, Dali, Yunnan, 671000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zuoshun He
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Dali University, No. 22, Wanhua Road, Dali, Yunnan, 671000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiyan Gu
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Dali University, No. 22, Wanhua Road, Dali, Yunnan, 671000, People's Republic of China.
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3
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Ghosh S, Mahajan AA, Dey A, Rajendran RL, Chowdhury A, Sen S, Paul S, Majhi S, Hong CM, Gangadaran P, Ahn BC, Krishnan A. Exosomes in Bone Cancer: Unveiling their Vital Role in Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Therapeutic Advancements. J Cancer 2024; 15:4128-4142. [PMID: 38947401 PMCID: PMC11212077 DOI: 10.7150/jca.95709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Bone cancer among adolescents and children exhibits varying survival outcomes based on disease state. While localized bone cancer cases have a survival rate exceeding 70%, metastatic, refractory, and recurrent forms are associated with significantly poorer prognoses. Initially believed to be mere vehicles for cellular waste disposal, exosomes are now recognized as extracellular vesicles facilitating intercellular communication. These vesicles influence cellular behaviors by transporting various biomolecules, such as proteins, DNA, RNA, and lipids, among cells. The role of exosomes in regulating the progression of bone cancer is increasingly evident, impacting critical processes like tumorigenesis, proliferation, metastasis, angiogenesis, immune evasion, and drug resistance. Current research underscores the substantial potential of exosomes in promoting the progression and development of bone cancer. This review delves into the complex process of exosome biogenesis, the variety of cell-derived exosome sources, and their applications in drug delivery and therapeutics. It also examines ongoing clinical trials focused on exosome cargo levels and discusses the challenges and future directions in exosome research. Unlike costly and invasive traditional diagnostic methods, exosomal biomarkers offer a non-invasive, cost-effective, and readily accessible routine screening through simple fluid collection that aims to inspire researchers to investigate the potential of exosomes for cancer theragnostic. Through comprehensive exploration of these areas, the review seeks to enhance understanding and foster innovative solutions to cancer biology in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhrojyoti Ghosh
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600036, India
| | - Atharva Anand Mahajan
- Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research, and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra 410210, India
| | - Anuvab Dey
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, North Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Ramya Lakshmi Rajendran
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Ankita Chowdhury
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi 110016, India
| | - Sushmita Sen
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi 110016, India
| | - Subhobrata Paul
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi 110016, India
| | - Sourav Majhi
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi 110016, India
| | - Chae Moon Hong
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Prakash Gangadaran
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
- BK21 FOUR KNU Convergence Educational Program of Biomedical Sciences for Creative Future Talents, Department of Biomedical Science, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea
| | - Byeong-Cheol Ahn
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
- BK21 FOUR KNU Convergence Educational Program of Biomedical Sciences for Creative Future Talents, Department of Biomedical Science, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea
| | - Anand Krishnan
- Department of Chemical Pathology, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, 9300, South Africa
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Mohr A, Marques Da Costa ME, Fromigue O, Audinot B, Balde T, Droit R, Abbou S, Khneisser P, Berlanga P, Perez E, Marchais A, Gaspar N. From biology to personalized medicine: Recent knowledge in osteosarcoma. Eur J Med Genet 2024; 69:104941. [PMID: 38677541 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2024.104941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
High-grade osteosarcoma is the most common paediatric bone cancer. More than one third of patients relapse and die of osteosarcoma using current chemotherapeutic and surgical strategies. To improve outcomes in osteosarcoma, two crucial challenges need to be tackled: 1-the identification of hard-to-treat disease, ideally from diagnosis; 2- choosing the best combined or novel therapies to eradicate tumor cells which are resistant to current therapies leading to disease dissemination and metastasize as well as their favorable microenvironment. Genetic chaos, tumor complexity and heterogeneity render this task difficult. The development of new technologies like next generation sequencing has led to an improvement in osteosarcoma oncogenesis knownledge. This review summarizes recent biological and therapeutical advances in osteosarcoma, as well as the challenges that must be overcome in order to develop personalized medicine and new therapeutic strategies and ultimately improve patient survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Mohr
- National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1015, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
| | | | - Olivia Fromigue
- National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U981, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Baptiste Audinot
- National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1015, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Thierno Balde
- National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1015, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Robin Droit
- National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1015, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Samuel Abbou
- National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1015, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France; Department of Oncology for Children and Adolescents, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Pierre Khneisser
- Department of medical Biology and Pathology, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Pablo Berlanga
- Department of Oncology for Children and Adolescents, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Esperanza Perez
- Department of Oncology for Children and Adolescents, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Antonin Marchais
- National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1015, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Nathalie Gaspar
- National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1015, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France; Department of Oncology for Children and Adolescents, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France.
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5
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Chen H, Gong Z, Zhou H, Han Y. Deciphering chemoresistance in osteosarcoma: Unveiling regulatory mechanisms and function through the lens of noncoding RNA. Drug Dev Res 2024; 85:e22167. [PMID: 38444106 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.22167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a primary malignant bone tumor and is prevalent in children, adolescents, and elderly individuals. It has the characteristics of high invasion and metastasis. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with surgical resection is the most commonly used treatment for OS. However, the efficacy of OS is considerably diminished by chemotherapy resistance. In recent years, noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs, long noncoding RNAs, and circular RNAs, are hot topics in the field of chemotherapy resistance research. Several studies have demonstrated that ncRNAs are substantially associated with chemoresistance in OS. Thus, the present study overviews the abnormally expressed ncRNAs in OS and the molecular mechanisms involved in chemoresistance, with an emphasis on their function in promoting or inhibiting chemoresistance. ncRNAs are expected to become potential therapeutic targets for overcoming drug resistance and predictive biomarkers in OS, which are of great significance for enhancing the therapeutic effect and improving the prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hefen Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhujun Gong
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hong Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yong Han
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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6
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Wang T, Huang J, Chen G, Fu J, Li T, Zou X, Yi H. miR-1293 suppresses osteosarcoma progression by modulating drug sensitivity in response to cisplatin treatment. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 130:111702. [PMID: 38367464 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Chemotherapy is considered the primary treatment for osteosarcoma. however, its effectiveness is limited due to drug resistance and toxicity. Thus, identifying novel therapeutic targets to enhance the efficacy of chemotherapy is urgently needed. Here, we identified a novel cisplatin-sensitivity enhancing mechanism via up-regulation of the tumour suppressor gene, miR-1293. Meanwhile, higher levels of miR-1293 observed in prechemotherapy patients were associated with a more favorable prognosis. The mechanism underlying cisplatin upregulated miR-1293 expression involves hypomethylation of the miR-1293 promoter, which blocks the binding of the transcription repressor TFAP2A to the promoter. Furthermore, miR-1293 inhibits osteosarcoma progression by targeting TIMP1 to inactivate the Notch1/Hes1 and TGFBR1/Smad2/3 pathways, thereby promoting tumour cell death. The findings presented herein unveil a novel mechanism for enhancing cisplatin sensitivity and proposed a potential therapeutic strategy for osteosarcoma through pre-chemotherapy supplementation of miR-1293.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingxuan Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510005, China
| | - Jincheng Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450000, China.
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang 441000, China
| | - Jiahui Fu
- Department of Fetal Medicine and Prenatal Diagnosis, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510005, China
| | - Tian Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 10032, China.
| | - Xuenong Zou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510005, China.
| | - Hualin Yi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510005, China; Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou 510005, China.
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7
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Van Espen B, Oo HZ, Collins C, Fazli L, Molinolo A, Yip K, Murad R, Gleave M, Ronai ZA. RNF185 Control of COL3A1 Expression Limits Prostate Cancer Migration and Metastatic Potential. Mol Cancer Res 2024; 22:41-54. [PMID: 37831068 PMCID: PMC10841372 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-23-0512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
RNF185 is a RING finger domain-containing ubiquitin ligase implicated in ER-associated degradation. Prostate tumor patient data analysis revealed a negative correlation between RNF185 expression and prostate cancer progression and metastasis. Likewise, several prostate cancer cell lines exhibited greater migration and invasion capabilities in culture upon RNF185 depletion. Subcutaneous inoculation of mouse prostate cancer MPC3 cells stably expressing short hairpin RNA against RNF185 into mice resulted in larger tumors and more frequent lung metastases. RNA-sequencing and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis identified wound-healing and cellular movement among the most significant pathways upregulated in RNF185-depleted lines, compared with control prostate cancer cells. Gene Set Enrichment Analyses performed in samples from patients harboring low RNF185 expression and in RNF185-depleted lines confirmed the deregulation of genes implicated in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Among those, COL3A1 was identified as the primary mediator of RNF185's ability to impact migration phenotypes. Correspondingly, enhanced migration and metastasis of RNF185 knockdown (KD) prostate cancer cells were attenuated upon co-inhibition of COL3A1. Our results identify RNF185 as a gatekeeper of prostate cancer metastasis, partly via its control of COL3A1 availability. IMPLICATIONS RNF185 is identified as an important regulator of prostate cancer migration and metastasis, in part due to its regulation of COL3A1. Both RNF185 and COL3A1 may serve as novel markers for prostate tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Van Espen
- Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California
| | - Htoo Zarni Oo
- Department of Urologic Sciences, Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Colin Collins
- Department of Urologic Sciences, Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Ladan Fazli
- Department of Urologic Sciences, Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Alfredo Molinolo
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Kevin Yip
- Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California
| | - Rabi Murad
- Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California
| | - Martin Gleave
- Department of Urologic Sciences, Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Ze'ev A Ronai
- Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California
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8
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Van Espen B, Oo HZ, Collins C, Fazli L, Molinolo A, Murad R, Gleave M, Ronai ZA. RNF185 control of COL3A1 expression limits prostate cancer migration and metastatic potential. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.06.29.547118. [PMID: 37425866 PMCID: PMC10327057 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.29.547118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
RNF185 is a RING finger domain-containing ubiquitin ligase implicated in ER-associated degradation. Prostate tumor patient data analysis revealed a negative correlation between RNF185 expression and prostate cancer progression and metastasis. Likewise, several prostate cancer cell lines exhibited greater migration and invasion capabilities in culture upon RNF185 depletion. Subcutaneous inoculation of mouse prostate cancer MPC3 cells stably expressing shRNA against RNF185 into mice resulted in larger tumors and more frequent lung metastases. RNA-sequencing and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis identified wound healing and cellular movement among the most significant pathways upregulated in RNF185-depleted, compared to control prostate cancer cells. Gene Set Enrichment Analyses performed in samples from patients harboring low RNF185 expression and in RNF185-depleted lines confirmed the deregulation of genes implicated in EMT. Among those, COL3A1 was identified as the primary mediator of RNF185's ability to impact migration phenotypes. Correspondingly, enhanced migration and metastasis of RNF185 KD prostate cancer cells were attenuated upon co-inhibition of COL3A1. Our results identify RNF185 as a gatekeeper of prostate cancer metastasis, partly via its control of COL3A1 availability.
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9
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Freeman FE, Dosta P, Shanley LC, Ramirez Tamez N, Riojas Javelly CJ, Mahon OR, Kelly DJ, Artzi N. Localized Nanoparticle-Mediated Delivery of miR-29b Normalizes the Dysregulation of Bone Homeostasis Caused by Osteosarcoma whilst Simultaneously Inhibiting Tumor Growth. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2207877. [PMID: 36994935 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202207877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Patients diagnosed with osteosarcoma undergo extensive surgical intervention and chemotherapy resulting in dismal prognosis and compromised quality of life owing to poor bone regeneration, which is further compromised with chemotherapy delivery. This study aims to investigate if localized delivery of miR-29b-which is shown to promote bone formation by inducing osteoblast differentiation and also to suppress prostate and cervical tumor growth-can suppress osteosarcoma tumors whilst simultaneously normalizing the dysregulation of bone homeostasis caused by osteosarcoma. Thus, the therapeutic potential of microRNA (miR)-29b is studied to promote bone remodeling in an orthotopic model of osteosarcoma (rather than in bone defect models using healthy mice), and in the context of chemotherapy, that is clinically relevant. A formulation of miR-29b:nanoparticles are developed that are delivered via a hyaluronic-based hydrogel to enable local and sustained release of the therapy and to study the potential of attenuating tumor growth whilst normalizing bone homeostasis. It is found that when miR-29b is delivered along with systemic chemotherapy, compared to chemotherapy alone, the therapy provided a significant decrease in tumor burden, an increase in mouse survival, and a significant decrease in osteolysis thereby normalizing the dysregulation of bone lysis activity caused by the tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona E Freeman
- Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, D02 PN40, Ireland
- Department of Mechanical, Manufacturing, and Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, D02 PN40, Ireland
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Engineering in Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research Centre (AMBER), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland and Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, D02 YN77, Ireland
- School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Engineering and Materials Science Centre, University College Dublin, Dublin, D04 V1W8, Ireland
- Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, D04 V1W8, Ireland
| | - Pere Dosta
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Engineering in Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Lianne C Shanley
- Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, D02 PN40, Ireland
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research Centre (AMBER), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland and Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, D02 YN77, Ireland
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, D02 PN40, Ireland
| | - Natalia Ramirez Tamez
- Department of Medicine, Division of Engineering in Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Cristobal J Riojas Javelly
- Department of Medicine, Division of Engineering in Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Olwyn R Mahon
- Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, D02 PN40, Ireland
- School of Medicine, University of Limerick, Limerick, V94 T9PX, Ireland
| | - Daniel J Kelly
- Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, D02 PN40, Ireland
- Department of Mechanical, Manufacturing, and Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, D02 PN40, Ireland
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research Centre (AMBER), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland and Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, D02 YN77, Ireland
- Department of Anatomy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, D02 YN77, Ireland
| | - Natalie Artzi
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Engineering in Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
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10
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Doghish AS, Elballal MS, Elazazy O, Elesawy AE, Shahin RK, Midan HM, Sallam AAM, Elbadry AM, Mohamed AK, Ishak NW, Hassan KA, Ayoub AM, Shalaby RE, Elrebehy MA. miRNAs as potential game-changers in bone diseases: Future medicinal and clinical uses. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 245:154440. [PMID: 37031531 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs), short, highly conserved non-coding RNA, influence gene expression by sequential mechanisms such as mRNA breakdown or translational repression. Many biological processes depend on these regulating substances, thus changes in their expression have an impact on the maintenance of cellular homeostasis and result in the emergence of a variety of diseases. Relevant studies have shown in recent years that miRNAs are involved in many stages of bone development and growth. Additionally, abnormal production of miRNA in bone tissues has been closely associated with the development of numerous bone disorders, such as osteonecrosis, bone cancer, and bone metastases. Many pathological processes, including bone loss, metastasis, the proliferation of osteosarcoma cells, and differentiation of osteoblasts and osteoclasts, are under the control of miRNAs. By bringing together the most up-to-date information on the clinical relevance of miRNAs in such diseases, this study hopes to further the study of the biological features of miRNAs in bone disorders and explore their potential as a therapeutic target.
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11
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Endogenous Extracellular Matrix Regulates the Response of Osteosarcoma 3D Spheroids to Doxorubicin. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15041221. [PMID: 36831562 PMCID: PMC9954237 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15041221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) modulates cell behavior, shape, and viability as well as mechanical properties. In recent years, ECM disregulation and aberrant remodeling has gained considerable attention in cancer targeting and prevention since it may stimulate tumorigenesis and metastasis. Here, we developed an in vitro model that aims at mimicking the in vivo tumor microenvironment by recapitulating the interactions between osteosarcoma (OS) cells and ECM with respect to cancer progression. We long-term cultured 3D OS spheroids made of metastatic or non-metastatic OS cells mixed with mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs); confirmed the deposition of ECM proteins such as Type I collagen, Type III collagen, and fibronectin by the stromal component at the interface between tumor cells and MSCs; and found that ECM secretion is inhibited by a neutralizing anti-IL-6 antibody, suggesting a new role of this cytokine in OS ECM deposition. Most importantly, we showed that the cytotoxic effect of doxorubicin is reduced by the presence of Type I collagen. We thus conclude that ECM protein deposition is crucial for modelling and studying drug response. Our results also suggest that targeting ECM proteins might improve the outcome of a subset of chemoresistant tumors.
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12
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Tippett VL, Tattersall L, Ab Latif NB, Shah KM, Lawson MA, Gartland A. The strategy and clinical relevance of in vitro models of MAP resistance in osteosarcoma: a systematic review. Oncogene 2023; 42:259-277. [PMID: 36434179 PMCID: PMC9859755 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-022-02529-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Over the last 40 years osteosarcoma (OS) survival has stagnated with patients commonly resistant to neoadjuvant MAP chemotherapy involving high dose methotrexate, adriamycin (doxorubicin) and platinum (cisplatin). Due to the rarity of OS, the generation of relevant cell models as tools for drug discovery is paramount to tackling this issue. Four literature databases were systematically searched using pre-determined search terms to identify MAP resistant OS cell lines and patients. Drug exposure strategies used to develop cell models of resistance and the impact of these on the differential expression of resistance associated genes, proteins and non-coding RNAs are reported. A comparison to clinical studies in relation to chemotherapy response, relapse and metastasis was then made. The search retrieved 1891 papers of which 52 were relevant. Commonly, cell lines were derived from Caucasian patients with epithelial or fibroblastic subtypes. The strategy for model development varied with most opting for continuous over pulsed chemotherapy exposure. A diverse resistance level was observed between models (2.2-338 fold) with 63% of models exceeding clinically reported resistance levels which may affect the expression of chemoresistance factors. In vitro p-glycoprotein overexpression is a key resistance mechanism; however, from the available literature to date this does not translate to innate resistance in patients. The selection of models with a lower fold resistance may better reflect the clinical situation. A comparison of standardised strategies in models and variants should be performed to determine their impact on resistance markers. Clinical studies are required to determine the impact of resistance markers identified in vitro in poor responders to MAP treatment, specifically with respect to innate and acquired resistance. A shift from seeking disputed and undruggable mechanisms to clinically relevant resistance mechanisms may identify key resistance markers that can be targeted for patient benefit after a 40-year wait.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria L Tippett
- The Mellanby Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Department of Oncology and Metabolism, The University of Sheffield, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield, S10 2RX, UK
| | - Luke Tattersall
- The Mellanby Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Department of Oncology and Metabolism, The University of Sheffield, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield, S10 2RX, UK
| | - Norain B Ab Latif
- The Mellanby Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Department of Oncology and Metabolism, The University of Sheffield, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield, S10 2RX, UK
- Universiti Kuala Lumpur Royal College of Medicine Perak, No. 3 Jalan Greentown, 30450, Ipoh, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Karan M Shah
- The Mellanby Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Department of Oncology and Metabolism, The University of Sheffield, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield, S10 2RX, UK
| | - Michelle A Lawson
- The Mellanby Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Department of Oncology and Metabolism, The University of Sheffield, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield, S10 2RX, UK
| | - Alison Gartland
- The Mellanby Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Department of Oncology and Metabolism, The University of Sheffield, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield, S10 2RX, UK.
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13
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Chen L, Deng J. Role of non-coding RNA in immune microenvironment and anticancer therapy of gastric cancer. J Mol Med (Berl) 2022; 100:1703-1719. [PMID: 36329206 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-022-02264-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Gastric cancer remains one of the cancers with the highest mortality in the world; therefore, it is very important to investigate its pathogenesis to improve the prognosis of gastric cancer patients. Recently, noncoding RNAs have become a research hotspot in the field of oncology. These RNA molecules play complex roles in the regulation of tumor cells, immune cells, and the tumor microenvironment. Therefore, studying their ability to regulate the gastric cancer immune microenvironment will provide us with a better perspective to understand their potential role in anticancer therapy. In this review, we discuss the regulatory effects of several common noncoding RNAs on the immune microenvironment of gastric cancer and their prospects in anticancer therapy to provide some novel insight into the identification of valuable diagnostic markers and improving the prognosis of gastric cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqiao Chen
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingyu Deng
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, People's Republic of China.
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14
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The miR-17-92 cluster: Yin and Yang in human cancers. Cancer Treat Res Commun 2022; 33:100647. [PMID: 36327576 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctarc.2022.100647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding RNAs which modulate gene expression via multiple post-transcriptional mechanisms. They are involved in a variety of biological processes, including cell proliferation, metastasis, metabolism, tumorigenesis, and apoptosis. Dysregulation of miRNA expression has been implicated in human cancers, and they may also serve as biomarkers of disease progression and prognosis. The miR-17-92 cluster is one of the most widely studied miRNA clusters, which was initially reported as an oncogene, but was later reported to exhibit tumour suppressive effects in some human cancers. This review summarizes the recent progress and context-dependant role of this cluster in various cancers. We summarize the known mechanisms which regulate miR-17-92 expression and molecular pathways that are in turn controlled by it. We discuss examples where it acts as an oncogene or a tumour suppressor along with key targets affecting hallmarks of cancer. We discuss how cellular contexts regulate the biological effects of miR-17-92. The plausible mechanisms of its paradoxical roles are explained, and mechanisms are described that may contribute to cell fate regulation by miR-17-92. Further, we discuss recently developed strategies to target miR-17-92 cluster in human cancers. MiR-17-92 may serve as a potential biomarker for prognosis and response to therapy as well as a target for cancer prevention and therapeutics.
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15
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MicroRNAs and osteosarcoma: Potential targets for inhibiting metastasis and increasing chemosensitivity. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 201:115094. [PMID: 35588853 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the third most common cancer in young adults after lymphoma and brain cancer. Metastasis, like other cellular events, is dependent on signaling pathways; a series of changes in some proteins and signaling pathways pave the way for OS cells to invade and migrate. Ezrin, TGF-β, Notch, RUNX2, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), Wnt/β-catenin, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT are among the most important of these proteins and signaling pathways. Despite the improvements in treating OS, the overall survival of patients suffering from the metastatic disease has not experienced any significant change after surgical treatments and chemotherapy and 5-years overall survival in patients with metastatic OS is about 20%. Studies have shown that overexpression or inhibition of some microRNAs (miRNAs) has significant effects in limiting the invasion and migration of OS cells. The results of these studies highlight the potential of the clinical application of some miRNA mimics and miRNA inhibitors (antagomiRs) to inhibit OS metastasis in the future. In addition, some studies have shown that miRNAs are associated with the most important drug resistance mechanisms in OS, and some miRNAs are highly effective targets to increase chemosensitivity. The results of these studies suggest that miRNA mimics and antagomiRs may be helpful to increase the efficacy of conventional chemotherapy drugs in the treatment of metastatic OS. In this article, we discussed the role of various signaling pathways and the involved miRNAs in the metastasis of OS, attempting to provide a comprehensive review of the literature on OS metastasis and chemosensitivity.
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16
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Cai X, Yin W, Tang C, Lu Y, He Y. Molecular mechanism of microRNAs regulating apoptosis in osteosarcoma. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:6945-6956. [PMID: 35474050 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07344-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is a primary malignant bone tumor with no effective treatment. Apoptosis, one of the programmed cell death, is any pathological form of cell death mediated by intracellular processes. Under the pathological state, the de-regulated regulation of apoptosis can disrupt the balance between cell proliferation and death, causing osteosarcoma proliferation and metastasis. As carcinogenic or tumor suppressor factors, microRNAs (miRNAs) regulate apoptosis of osteosarcoma cells by regulating apoptosis-related genes and apoptosis-related signaling pathways, such as mitochondrial apoptosis pathway, death receptor pathway, and endoplasmic reticulum pathway. Meanwhile as these abnormal miRNAs can be stored and transported by exosomes, detecting exosomes can be seen an effective method to diagnose osteosarcoma in the early stage. This review provides the current knowledge of miRNAs and their target genes related to the apoptosis of osteosarcoma, summarizes abnormal expression and regulation of miRNAs and signaling pathways in osteosarcoma and prospects the detection of exosome as a method for early diagnosis of osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyang Cai
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550000, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Wei Yin
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550000, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Chao Tang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550000, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Yubao Lu
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yuqi He
- Trauma Surgery Department, Hannover Medical School (MHH), OE 6230 Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hanover, Germany.
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17
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Zhao Y, Lan Y, Chi Y, Yang B, Ren C. Downregulation of Circ-CEP128 Enhances the Paclitaxel Sensitivity of Cervical Cancer Through Regulating miR-432-5p/MCL1. Biochem Genet 2022; 60:2346-2363. [PMID: 35391656 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-022-10201-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Chemoresistance is a common problem in cancer treatment, and circular RNA (circRNA) has been found to be associated with the progression of chemoresistance in cancer. However, the role and mechanism of circRNA centrosomal protein 128 (circ-CEP128) in the chemoresistance of cervical cancer (CC) are still unclear. The expression of circ-CEP128, microRNA (miR)-432-5p, and myeloid cell leukemia-1 (MCL1) was measured by quantitative real-time PCR. The paclitaxel resistance of cells was assessed using MTT assay. Cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion were determined using MTT assay, colony formation assay, flow cytometry, and transwell assay. The protein levels of metastasis markers and MCL1 were examined using western blot analysis. Mice xenograft models were constructed to assess the effect of circ-CEP128 silencing on CC tumor growth and paclitaxel sensitivity. The interaction between miR-432-5p and circ-CEP128 or MCL1 was confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay and RIP assay. Circ-CEP128 had highly expression in CC tumor tissues and cells. Silencing of circ-CEP128 could enhance the paclitaxel sensitivity of CC cells by decreasing cell growth, migration, and invasion. Also, knockdown of circ-CEP123 reduced CC tumor growth and promoted the paclitaxel sensitivity of CC tumors. MiR-432-5p was found to be sponged by circ-CEP128, and its inhibitor could reverse the promoting function of circ-CEP128 silencing on the paclitaxel sensitivity of CC cells. Additionally, MCL1 was a target of miR-432-5p, and circ-CEP128 could sponge miR-432-5p to regulate MCL1. Besides, overexpressed MCL1 also could reverse the enhancing effect of miR-432-5p on the paclitaxel sensitivity of CC cells. In conclusion, the present study showed that circ-CEP128 silencing could increase the paclitaxel sensitivity of CC by regulating the miR-432-5p/MCL1 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhao
- Department of Gynecology, Surgical Oncology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510095, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yi Lan
- Department of Gynecology, Chongqing Maternal and Child Health Hospital, No. 120, Longshan Road, Yubei District, Chongqing City, China.
| | - Yugang Chi
- Department of Gynecology, Chongqing Maternal and Child Health Hospital, No. 120, Longshan Road, Yubei District, Chongqing City, China
| | - Boping Yang
- Department of Gynecology, Chongqing Maternal and Child Health Hospital, No. 120, Longshan Road, Yubei District, Chongqing City, China
| | - Chunyan Ren
- Department of Gynecology, Chongqing Maternal and Child Health Hospital, No. 120, Longshan Road, Yubei District, Chongqing City, China
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18
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Yang J, Hu QC, Wang JP, Ren QQ, Wang XP, Luoreng ZM, Wei DW, Ma Y. RNA-Seq Reveals the Role of miR-29c in Regulating Inflammation and Oxidative Stress of Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:865415. [PMID: 35433915 PMCID: PMC9011060 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.865415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Healthy mammary gland is essential for milk performance in dairy cows. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are the key molecules to regulate the steady state of mammary gland in dairy cows. This study investigated the potential role of miR-29c in bovine mammary epithelial cells (bMECs). RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was used to measure the transcriptome profile of bovine mammary epithelial cells line (MAC-T) transfected with miR-29c inhibitor or negative control (NC) inhibitor, and then differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened. The results showed that a total of 42 up-regulated and 27 down-regulated genes were found in the miR-29c inhibitor group compared with the NC inhibitor group. The functional enrichment of the above DEGs indicates that miR-29c is a potential regulator of oxidative stress and inflammatory response in bMECs through multiple genes, such as forkhead box O1 (FOXO1), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and major histocompatibility complex, class II, DQ alpha 5 (BoLA-DQA5) in the various biological process and signaling pathways of stress-activated mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade, Epstein-Barr virus infection, inflammatory bowel disease, etc. The results imply that miR-29c plays an important role in a steady state of bMECs or cow mammary gland and may be a potential therapeutic target for mastitis in dairy cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Yang
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular Cell Breeding, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, China
| | - Qi-Chao Hu
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular Cell Breeding, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, China
| | - Jin-Peng Wang
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular Cell Breeding, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, China
| | - Qian-Qian Ren
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular Cell Breeding, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, China
| | - Xing-Ping Wang
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular Cell Breeding, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, China
- *Correspondence: Xing-Ping Wang
| | - Zhuo-Ma Luoreng
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular Cell Breeding, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, China
- Zhuo-Ma Luoreng
| | - Da-Wei Wei
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular Cell Breeding, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yun Ma
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular Cell Breeding, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, China
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19
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Liu J, Shang G. The Roles of Noncoding RNAs in the Development of Osteosarcoma Stem Cells and Potential Therapeutic Targets. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:773038. [PMID: 35252166 PMCID: PMC8888953 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.773038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the common bone tumor in children and adolescents. Because of chemotherapy resistance, the OS patients have a poor prognosis. The one reason of chemotherapeutic resistance is the development of cancer stem cells (CSCs). CSCs represent a small portion of tumor cells with the capacity of self-renewal and multipotency, which are associated with tumor initiation, metastasis, recurrence and drug resistance. Recently, noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been reported to critically regulate CSCs. Therefore, in this review article, we described the role of ncRNAs, especially miRNAs, lncRNAs and circRNAs, in regulating CSCs development and potential mechanisms. Specifically, we discussed the role of multiple miRNAs in targeting CSCs, including miR-26a, miR-29b, miR-34a, miR-133a, miR-143, miR-335, miR-382, miR-499a, miR-1247, and let-7days. Moreover, we highlighted the functions of lncRNAs in regulating CSCs in OS, such as B4GALT1-AS1, DANCR, DLX6-AS1, FER1L4, HIF2PUT, LINK-A, MALAT1, SOX2-OT, and THOR. Due to the critical roles of ncRNAs in regulation of OS CSCs, targeting ncRNAs might be a novel strategy for eliminating CSCs for OS therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxin Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Guanning Shang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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20
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Nukala SB, Jousma J, Cho Y, Lee WH, Ong SG. Long non-coding RNAs and microRNAs as crucial regulators in cardio-oncology. Cell Biosci 2022; 12:24. [PMID: 35246252 PMCID: PMC8895873 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-022-00757-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Significant improvements in the modern era of anticancer therapeutic strategies have increased the survival rate of cancer patients. Unfortunately, cancer survivors have an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases, which is believed to result from anticancer therapies. The emergence of cardiovascular diseases among cancer survivors has served as the basis for establishing a novel field termed cardio-oncology. Cardio-oncology primarily focuses on investigating the underlying molecular mechanisms by which anticancer treatments lead to cardiovascular dysfunction and the development of novel cardioprotective strategies to counteract cardiotoxic effects of cancer therapies. Advances in genome biology have revealed that most of the genome is transcribed into non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), which are recognized as being instrumental in cancer, cardiovascular health, and disease. Emerging studies have demonstrated that alterations of these ncRNAs have pathophysiological roles in multiple diseases in humans. As it relates to cardio-oncology, though, there is limited knowledge of the role of ncRNAs. In the present review, we summarize the up-to-date knowledge regarding the roles of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) in cancer therapy-induced cardiotoxicities. Moreover, we also discuss prospective therapeutic strategies and the translational relevance of these ncRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarath Babu Nukala
- Department of Pharmacology & Regenerative Medicine, The University of Illinois College of Medicine, 909 S Wolcott Ave, COMRB 4100, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Jordan Jousma
- Department of Pharmacology & Regenerative Medicine, The University of Illinois College of Medicine, 909 S Wolcott Ave, COMRB 4100, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Yoonje Cho
- Department of Pharmacology & Regenerative Medicine, The University of Illinois College of Medicine, 909 S Wolcott Ave, COMRB 4100, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Won Hee Lee
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Arizona College of Medicine, ABC-1 Building, 425 North 5th Street, Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA.
| | - Sang-Ging Ong
- Department of Pharmacology & Regenerative Medicine, The University of Illinois College of Medicine, 909 S Wolcott Ave, COMRB 4100, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, The University of Illinois College of Medicine, 909 S Wolcott Ave, COMRB 4100, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.
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21
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Qiao Z, Li J, Kou H, Chen X, Bao D, Shang G, Chen S, Ji Y, Cheng T, Wang Y, Liu H. Hsa-miR-557 Inhibits Osteosarcoma Growth Through Targeting KRAS. Front Genet 2022; 12:789823. [PMID: 35087570 PMCID: PMC8787190 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.789823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Osteosarcoma is the most common malignancy in the skeletal system; studies showed an important role of miRNAs in tumorigenesis, indicating miRNAs as possible therapeutic molecules. This study found abnormal hsa-miR-557 expression levels in osteosarcoma and tried to explore the potential function and the mechanism. Methods: Differential expression genes of osteosarcoma were analyzed using GSE28423 from the GEO database. Survival analysis of miRNAs was conducted with data obtained from the TARGET-OS database. STRING and miRDIP were used to predict target genes of hsa-miR-557; KRAS was then verified using dual-luciferase reporter assay. Expression of genes was detected by qPCR, and levels of proteins were detected by Western blot. The proliferation ability of cells was detected by CCK-8 and cell cycle analysis. Tumor formation assay in nude mice was used to detect the influence of osteosarcoma by hsa-miR-557 in vivo. Results: Analysis from the GEO and TARGET databases found 12 miRNAs that are significantly related to the osteosarcoma prognosis, 7 downregulated (hsa-miR-140-3p, hsa-miR-564, hsa-miR-765, hsa-miR-1224-5p, hsa-miR-95, hsa-miR-940, and hsa-miR-557) and 5 upregulated (hsa-miR-362-3p, hsa-miR-149, hsa-miR-96, hsa-miR-744, and hsa-miR-769-5p). CCK-8 analysis and cell cycle analysis found that hsa-miR-557 could significantly inhibit the proliferation of osteosarcoma cells. The tumor formation assay in nude mice showed that tumor sizes and weights were inhibited by hsa-miR-557 transfection. Further studies also proved that hsa-miR-557 could target the 3′UTR of KRAS and modulate phosphorylation of downstream proteins. Conclusion: This study showed that hsa-miR-557 could inhibit osteosarcoma growth both in vivo and in vitro, by modulating KRAS expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Qiao
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jinfeng Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hongwei Kou
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiangrong Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Deming Bao
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Guowei Shang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Songfeng Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yanhui Ji
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Tian Cheng
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yisheng Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hongjian Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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22
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COL3A1 and Its Related Molecules as Potential Biomarkers in the Development of Human Ewing’s Sarcoma. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:7453500. [PMID: 35047627 PMCID: PMC8763479 DOI: 10.1155/2021/7453500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Background Ewing's sarcoma (ES) is the most common malignant primary bone tumor in children and adolescents. This study is aimed at developing new prognostic markers and building a microRNA-mRNA network in the development of ES. Method GSE80201 and GSE39262 were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Bioinformatics analysis was used to download and process data. The coexpression of differentially expressed microRNAs (DEMs) and genes (DEGs) was selected by using R software. The FunRich database was utilized to perform cellular component (CC), molecular function (MF), and biological process (BP) enrichment analysis. Cytoscape and ClueGO were used to perform Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis and construct the mRNA-microRNA network. The Kaplan-Meier Plotter was used to perform prognosis analysis between the expression level of genes we selected and overall survival (OS) of patients with ES. Univariate analysis and multivariate analysis were carried out to research the prognostic value of identified mRNA expression in ES according to TCGA database. Results By using bioinformatics analysis, 10 DEMs and 5 target mRNAs were identified. Based on the KmPlot software, COL1A2, COL3A1, and TGFBI were significantly related to the OS of patients with ES. High COL3A1 mRNA expression was correlated with distant metastasis, margin status, and poor overall survival of ES. Besides, multivariate analysis indicated that COL3A1 was an independent risk factor for ES patients. Conclusions In conclusion, our results suggest that COL3A1 and its related molecules may be a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for patients with ES.
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23
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Identification of AGT and CD44 in methotrexate-resistant colorectal cancer and reversal of methotrexate-resistance. Pathol Res Pract 2021; 229:153717. [PMID: 34952427 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2021.153717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to screen out hub genes in 2 methotrexate-resistant colorectal cancer (CRC) cells (HT29 and Caco2), compared with parental CRC cells and reverse methotrexate-resistance in methotrexate-resistant CRC. GEO database and R software were utilized to analyze the gene expression profiles GSE11440 and GSE16066. Venn diagram was used to identify intersection differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between GSE11440 and GSE16066. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) was utilized to screen out central node genes. Hub genes were determined by volcano graphs, heatmaps and box plots. The functional enrichment analysis was exhibited with DAVID. The GEPIA was used to obtain survival curves to analyze association between patient prognosis and hub genes. Western blotting was used to detect the expressions of hub genes. CCK-8 assay was used to show MTX-resistant CRC cell viability following CD44 inhibitor (THIQ) and AGT inhibitor (O6-BG) treatments. In our results, there were 180 intersection DEGs between GSE11440 and GSE16066. CD44 and AGT were screened out as hub genes by PPI, heatmaps, volcano and box plots. In the 2 MTX-resistant CRC cells, the expressions of CD44 and AGT were up-regulated compared with parental CRC cells. The results of western blotting showed that CD44 and AGT were up-regulated in MTX-resistant HT29 and Caco2 cells compared with parental CRC cells. CCK-8 assay results showed that the combination of MTX with O6-BG or THIQ could significantly reduce the activity of MTX-resistant CRC cells. This research screened out CD44 and AGT in MTX-resistant CRC cells by bioinformatics and suggested that the combination of MTX with O6-BG or THIQ could enhance the sensitivity of MTX-resistant CRC cells to MTX. This research provides a new strategy for overcoming MTX-resistance in CRC.
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Liu W, Feng Q, Liao W, Li E, Wu L. TUG1 promotes the expression of IFITM3 in hepatocellular carcinoma by competitively binding to miR-29a. J Cancer 2021; 12:6905-6920. [PMID: 34659578 PMCID: PMC8517998 DOI: 10.7150/jca.57477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Numerous studies have demonstrated the important relationship of TUG1 with tumorigenesis. The present study investigated the role of TUG1 and its downstream genes miR-29a and IFITM3 in the occurrence and development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We found that both TUG1 and IFITM3 genes are highly expressed in HCC, whereas the expression of miR-29a is low in HCC. Downregulation of TUG1 reduces cell invasion, metastasis, and cell proliferation ability and promotes cell apoptosis. Simultaneous downregulation of miR-29a reverses this effect. Moreover, IFITM3, as the target gene of miR-29a, is positively regulated by TUG1. However, the adjustment relationship between these three components is still unknown and thus warrants further investigation. The objective of this study was to investigate the regulatory relationship between TUG1, miR-29a, and IFITM3 in human liver cancer. Patients and methods: The expression of TUG1 and miR-29a in tumor tissues and adjacent non-tumor tissues of 65 patients with HCC was detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The migration and invasion of liver cancer cells were studied by the wound healing assay and the Transwell method, respectively. The apoptosis rate of HCC cells was detected by flow cytometry, and the proliferation rate of hepatoma cells was detected by the 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) method. Immunofluorescence was used to detect the expression of TUG1 and IFITM3 in HCC-LM3 and HL-7702 cell lines. The relationship between TUG1 and miR-29a was detected using a double luciferase reporter assay and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Tumors were established in vivo by subcutaneous injection of HCC cells into nude mice and injection of these cells into the tail vein. Western blotting was used to quantify the biomarkers. Results: The expression of TUG1 increased significantly in tumor tissues and HCC cells. Moreover, the expression of miR-29a in liver cancer tissues was significantly lower than that in normal human liver tissues. The expression of TUG1 in liver cancer tissue was negatively correlated with miR-29a. Knockdown of TUG1 weakened the invasion, migration, and proliferation of HCC cells, and enhanced their apoptosis. A simultaneous knockdown of miR-29a enhanced cell invasion, metastasis, and cell proliferation, whereas the apoptosis ability decreased. As a target gene of miR-29a, IFITM3 is not only negatively regulated by miR-29a, but also positively regulated by TUG1. Therefore, TUG1 regulates IFITM3 in HCC cells by competitively binding to miR-29a, thus affecting cell invasion, migration, proliferation, and apoptosis. Conclusion: As a CeRNA, TUG1 competitively binds to miR-29a to regulate IFITM3 and promote the development of liver cancer. Downregulation of TUG1 can significantly inhibit the migration, invasion, and proliferation of liver cancer cells. Based on these results, we conclude that TUG1 could serve as a key gene to improve the prognosis of patients with HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Enliang Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 1 Mindle Road, Nanchang Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Linquan Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 1 Mindle Road, Nanchang Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
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Tian X, Zuo X, Hou M, Li C, Teng Y. LncRNA-H19 regulates chemoresistance to carboplatin in epithelial ovarian cancer through microRNA-29b-3p and STAT3. J Cancer 2021; 12:5712-5722. [PMID: 34475985 PMCID: PMC8408112 DOI: 10.7150/jca.58979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Platinum-based chemotherapy is part of current standard treatment for epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). However, chemoresistance often rapidly developed, leading to chemotherapy failure and unfavored prognosis. Increasing evidence has demonstrated the important role of oncogenic long noncoding RNA H19 in various cancers, including EOC. No current study is available in exploring the role of lncRNA-H19 in carboplatin resistance of EOC and its underlying mechanism. Methods: Levels of lncRNA-H19, miR-29b-3p, and STAT3 mRNA were measured by qRT-PCR. The 50% inhibitory concentration value was detected with Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK8). Colony-formation and CCK8 assays were employed to measure cell viability. Cell migration and invasion ability was evaluated with transwells. Western blot assay was utilized to measure P-gp, MRP1, LRP, and STAT3 protein levels. The targeting between lncRNA-H19 and miR-29b-3p, as well as miR-29b-3p and STAT3, was verified by dual-luciferase, RNA immunoprecipitation, and RNA pull-down experiments. Results: lncRNA-H19 and STAT3 were sharply increased, while miR-29b-3p was decreased in carboplatin-resistant EOC. Carboplatin efficacy was enhanced by lncRNA-H19 silencing in chemo-resistant EOC cells. lncRNA-H19 served as a competing endogenous RNA of miR-29b-3p, causing the derepression of miR-29b-3p downstream target STAT3, leading to chemoresistance in carboplatin-tolerated EOC. Conclusions: The lncRNA-H19/miR-29b-3p axis improved carboplatin resistance of EOC by targeting STAT3, indicating a possible approach to improving chemotherapy for EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueye Tian
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Xiaohang Zuo
- Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Meng Hou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Yue Teng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
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Tang Z, Lu Y, Chen Y, Zhang J, Chen Z, Wang Q. Research Progress of MicroRNA in Chemotherapy Resistance of Osteosarcoma. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2021; 20:15330338211034262. [PMID: 34323141 PMCID: PMC8326994 DOI: 10.1177/15330338211034262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a malignant tumor prevalent in adolescents; however, a
clinically effective treatment for this malignancy is lacking. The lack of
effective treatment methods and factors, such as recurrence and drug resistance,
further dampen the prospect of clinically treating OS. In recent years, small
molecule microRNAs (miRNAs) with a length of approximately 20-24 nucleotides
have gradually attracted the attention of the medical community. Studies have
found that miRNAs can regulate the cell cycle, apoptosis, cell proliferation,
and cell proliferation. The metabolic response of cancer cells, invasion and
metastasis of cancer cells, and angiogenesis play an important role in the
process of tumorigenesis. miRNAs regulate gene expression by regulating mRNA
expression after transcription. A large amount of data from many studies
indicate that they have diagnostic and prognostic biomarker effects in OS and
are involved in regulating the metabolism of cancer cells and resistance or
sensitivity to chemotherapy drugs. Chemotherapy resistance is one of the most
critical problems in clinically treating OS. A large number of basic studies and
systematic summaries are required to provide a theoretical basis for elucidating
the mechanism and drug development of chemotherapeutic agents. Therefore, this
article discusses the role of miRNAs in OS resistance. Herein, the related
research progress of the studies is reviewed to provide more useful information
for the development of effective therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaopeng Tang
- Department of Orthopaedics, 586778Gansu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yubao Lu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, 12426Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.,Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yutong Chen
- The Second Clinical Medical College, 12426Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Jiarui Zhang
- The First Clinical Medical College, 12426Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Zhijun Chen
- The First Clinical Medical College, 12426Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Qianfeng Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gansu Provincial People's Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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Drug Resistance in Osteosarcoma: Emerging Biomarkers, Therapeutic Targets and Treatment Strategies. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13122878. [PMID: 34207685 PMCID: PMC8228414 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13122878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Despite the adoption of aggressive, multimodal treatment schedules, the cure rate of high-grade osteosarcoma (HGOS) has not significantly improved in the last 30 years. The most relevant problem preventing improvement in HGOS prognosis is drug resistance. Therefore, validated novel biomarkers that help to identify those patients who could benefit from innovative treatment options and the development of drugs enabling personalized therapeutic protocols are necessary. The aim of this review was to give an overview on the most relevant emerging drug resistance-related biomarkers, therapeutic targets and new agents or novel candidate treatment strategies, which have been highlighted and suggested for HGOS to improve the success rate of clinical trials. Abstract High-grade osteosarcoma (HGOS), the most common primary malignant tumor of bone, is a highly aggressive neoplasm with a cure rate of approximately 40–50% in unselected patient populations. The major clinical problems opposing the cure of HGOS are the presence of inherent or acquired drug resistance and the development of metastasis. Since the drugs used in first-line chemotherapy protocols for HGOS and clinical outcome have not significantly evolved in the past three decades, there is an urgent need for new therapeutic biomarkers and targeted treatment strategies, which may increase the currently available spectrum of cure modalities. Unresponsive or chemoresistant (refractory) HGOS patients usually encounter a dismal prognosis, mostly because therapeutic options and drugs effective for rescue treatments are scarce. Tailored treatments for different subgroups of HGOS patients stratified according to drug resistance-related biomarkers thus appear as an option that may improve this situation. This review explores drug resistance-related biomarkers, therapeutic targets and new candidate treatment strategies, which have emerged in HGOS. In addition to consolidated biomarkers, specific attention has been paid to the role of non-coding RNAs, tumor-derived extracellular vesicles, and cancer stem cells as contributors to drug resistance in HGOS, in order to highlight new candidate markers and therapeutic targets. The possible use of new non-conventional drugs to overcome the main mechanisms of drug resistance in HGOS are finally discussed.
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Han S, Wang Z, Liu J, Wang HMD, Yuan Q. miR-29a-3p-dependent COL3A1 and COL5A1 expression reduction assists sulforaphane to inhibit gastric cancer progression. Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 188:114539. [PMID: 33819468 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The antitumor properties of cruciferous vegetables are mainly due to their high content of isothiocyanates, and sulforaphane (SFA) is the most well-known compound. The aim of this study was to determine the mechanism of SFA inhibiting gastric cancer (GC) progression. After verifying SFA suppressing GC growth in vivo, we utilized the GSE79973 and GSE118916 datasets to identify the GC development signatures that overlap with the RNA-seq analysis in SFA-treated AGS cells. GSEA of the RNA-seq data indicated that SFA regulation of GC progression was related to extracellular matrix and collagens; thus, we identified COL3A1 and COL5A1 as the targets of SFA, which functioned as oncogenes. We found positive correlations between COL3A1 and COL5A1 expression in GC cells, and confirmed that miR-29a-3p is the common regulator of their expression. RNA immunoprecipitation assays based on Ago2, Dicer, and exportin-5 showed that SFA could promote mature miR-29a-3p generation. We also proved that SFA inactivated the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in GC cells in a miR-29a-3p-dependent manner. Overall, SFA boosts miR-29a-3p maturation to downregulate COL3A1 and COL5A1 and inactivate the Wnt/ β -catenin pathway to suppress GC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sichong Han
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Zhe Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Jining Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Hui-Min David Wang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung City 402, Taiwan; Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, China Medical University, Taichung City 404, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City 807, Taiwan; College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen City 361021 Fujia Province, PR China; Undergraduate Program Study of Biomedical Engineering, Physics Department, Airlangga University, Surabaya City 60115, Indonesia.
| | - Qipeng Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China.
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Role of MicroRNAs in Human Osteosarcoma: Future Perspectives. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9050463. [PMID: 33922820 PMCID: PMC8146779 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9050463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a rare form of cancer with high death rate but is one of the most frequent forms of bone cancer in children and adolescents. MiRNAs are small endogenous RNAs that regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally. The discovery of miRNAs could allow us to obtain an earlier diagnosis, predict prognosis and chemoresistance, and lead to the discovery of new treatments in different types of tumors, including OS. Despite the fact that there is currently only one clinical trial being carried out on a single miRNA for solid tumors, it is very probable that the number of clinical trials including miRNAs as prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers, as well as potential therapeutic targets, will increase in the near future. This review summarizes the different miRNAs related to OS and their possible therapeutic application.
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Xia J, Li S, Ma D, Guo W, Long H, Yin W. MicroRNA‑29‑3p regulates the β‑catenin pathway by targeting IGF1 to inhibit the proliferation of prolactinoma cells. Mol Med Rep 2021; 23:432. [PMID: 33846792 PMCID: PMC8060803 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to analyze the effects and underlying mechanisms of microRNA (miR)-29-3p on the proliferation and secretory abilities of prolactinoma cells by targeting insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1/β-catenin. The relationship between miR-29a-3p and the survival of prolactinoma cells was analyzed with the Kaplan-Meier method in reference to The Cancer Genome Atlas. The expression levels of miR-29a-3p and IGF-1 in MMQ and GH3 cells were detected. A dual-luciferase reporter gene assay was performed to verify the combination of miR-29a-3p and IGF-1. Cells were transfected with a miR-29a-3p mimic and/or IGF-1 pcDNA3.1 to analyze the effects on the proliferation, apoptosis and secretion of prolactin (PRL) and growth hormone (GH) of prolactinoma cells. The effects on β-catenin in the cytoplasm and nucleus were investigated by western blot analysis. The results showed that miR-29a-3p expression was low in MMQ and GH3 cells. Overexpression miR-29a-3p inhibited IGF-1 mRNA and protein expression. miR-29a-3p inhibited cell proliferation and PRL and GH expression, and promoted apoptosis by inhibiting IGF-1. Increasing the expression of miR-29a-3p increased β-catenin levels in the cytoplasm, whereas IGF-1 promoted β-catenin activation and entry into the nucleus, and reversed the inhibitory effects of miR-29a-3p on β-catenin. To conclude, miR-29a-3p inhibited the proliferation and secretory abilities of prolactinoma cells by inhibiting nuclear translocation of β-catenin via a molecular mechanism that is inseparable from IGF-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xia
- Department of Pharmacy, Yunnan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan 650021, P.R. China
| | - Songmei Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Yunnan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan 650021, P.R. China
| | - Dianfei Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, Yunnan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan 650021, P.R. China
| | - Wenyujie Guo
- Department of Pediatrics, Kunming Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan 650011, P.R. China
| | - Hong Long
- Department of Pediatrics, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P.R. China
| | - Weiping Yin
- Department of Pediatrics, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P.R. China
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31
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Hossian AKMN, Zahra FT, Poudel S, Abshire CF, Polk P, Garai J, Zabaleta J, Mikelis CM, Mattheolabakis G. Advanced bioinformatic analysis and pathway prediction of NSCLC cells upon cisplatin resistance. Sci Rep 2021; 11:6520. [PMID: 33753779 PMCID: PMC7985311 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-85930-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to identify pathway involvement in the development of cisplatin (cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II); CDDP) resistance in A549 lung cancer (LC) cells by utilizing advanced bioinformatics software. We developed CDDP-resistant A549 (A549/DDP) cells through prolonged incubation with the drug and performed RNA-seq on RNA extracts to determine differential mRNA and miRNA expression between A549/DDP and A549 cells. We analyzed the gene dysregulation with Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA; QIAGEN) software. In contrast to prior research, which relied on the clustering of dysregulated genes to pathways as an indication of pathway activity, we utilized the IPA software for the dynamic evaluation of pathway activity depending on the gene dysregulation levels. We predicted 15 pathways significantly contributing to the chemoresistance, with several of them to have not been previously reported or analyzed in detail. Among them, the PKR signaling, cholesterol biosynthesis, and TEC signaling pathways are included, as well as genes, such as PIK3R3, miR-34c-5p, and MDM2, among others. We also provide a preliminary analysis of SNPs and indels, present exclusively in A549/DDP cells. This study's results provide novel potential mechanisms and molecular targets that can be explored in future studies and assist in improving the understanding of the chemoresistance phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K M Nawshad Hossian
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe, LA, USA
| | - Fatema Tuz Zahra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, USA
| | - Sagun Poudel
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe, LA, USA
| | - Camille F Abshire
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Paula Polk
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Jone Garai
- Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Jovanny Zabaleta
- Department of Pediatrics and Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Constantinos M Mikelis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, USA
| | - George Mattheolabakis
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe, LA, USA.
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Cao K, Li B, Zhang YW, Song H, Chen YG, Gong YJ, Li HY, Zuo S. miR-29b restrains cholangiocarcinoma progression by relieving DNMT3B-mediated repression of CDKN2B expression. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:6055-6065. [PMID: 33601338 PMCID: PMC7950249 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Numerous studies have reported the important role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in human cancers. Although abnormal miR-29b expression has been linked to tumorigenesis in several cancers, its role in cholangiocarcinoma remains largely unknown. We found that miR-29b expression is frequently downregulated in human cholangiocarcinoma QBC939 cells and in clinical tumor samples. In cholangiocarcinoma patients, low miR-29b expression predicts poor overall survival. Overexpression of miR-29b in QBC939 cells inhibited proliferation, induced G1 phase cycle arrest, and promoted apoptosis. Methylation-specific PCR (MSP) analysis revealed a decreased methylation imprint at the promoter of the cell cycle inhibitor gene CDKN2B in cells overexpressing miR-29b. After identifying the DNA methyltransferase DNMT3B as a putative miR-29b target, luciferase reporter assays confirmed a suppressive effect of miR-29b on DNMT3B expression. Accordingly, we detected an inverse correlation between miR-29b and DNMT3B expression in clinical cholangiocarcinoma specimens. In QBC939 cells, DNMT3B overexpression promoted proliferation and inhibited apoptosis. DNMT3B silencing, in turn, led to increased CDKN2B expression. We also observed significant growth arrest in subcutaneous tumors formed in nude mice by QBC939 cells overexpressing miR-29b. These findings suggest miR-29b functions as a tumor suppressor in cholangiocarcinoma by relieving DNMT3B-mediated repression of CDKN2B expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Cao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Hospital Affiliated to Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, P. R. of China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Hospital Affiliated to Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, P. R. of China
| | - Ye-Wei Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Hospital Affiliated to Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, P. R. of China
| | - Hui Song
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases of the Ministry of Education of P. R. China, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, P. R. of China
| | - Yi-Gang Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Hospital Affiliated to Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, P. R. of China
| | - Yong-Jun Gong
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Hospital Affiliated to Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, P. R. of China
| | - Hai-Yang Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Hospital Affiliated to Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, P. R. of China
| | - Shi Zuo
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Hospital Affiliated to Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, P. R. of China
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Identification of potential biomarkers associated with immune infiltration in the esophageal carcinoma tumor microenvironment. Biosci Rep 2021; 41:227787. [PMID: 33543230 PMCID: PMC7890403 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20202439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor immune cell infiltration was significantly correlated with the progression and the effect of immunotherapy in cancers including esophageal carcinoma (ESCA). However, no biomarkers were identified which were associated with immune infiltration in ESCA. In the present study, a total of 128 common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between esophageal squamous cell carcinomas (ESCC) and esophageal adenocarcinomas (EAC). The results of gene ontology (GO) enrichment and Reactome pathway analysis displayed that the up-regulated DEGs were mainly involved in the regulation of extracellular matrix (ECM), while the down-regulated DEGs were mainly involved in the regulation of cornification and keratinocyte differentiation. The most significant module of up-regulated DEGs was selected by Molecular Complex Detection (MCODE). Top ten similar genes of COL1A2 were explored, then validation and the prognostic analysis of these genes displayed that COL1A2, COL1A1, COL3A1, ZNF469 and Periostin (POSTN) had the prognostic value which were up-regulated in ESCA. The expressions of COL1A2 and its four similar genes were mainly correlated with infiltrating levels of macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs) and showed strong correlations with diverse immune marker sets in ESCA. To summarize, COL1A2 and its four similar genes were identified as the potential biomarkers associated with immune infiltration in ESCA. These genes might be applied to immunotherapy for ESCA.
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LncRNA PVT1 promotes the malignant progression of acute myeloid leukaemia via sponging miR-29 family to increase WAVE1 expression. Pathology 2021; 53:613-622. [PMID: 33558065 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2020.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
LncRNA PVT1 has been demonstrated to be upregulated in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) patients and indicates a poor prognosis. Nevertheless, its role in AML remains obscure. This study investigated the regulatory role and potential mechanisms of PVT1 in the progression of AML. Expression of PVT1, miR-29 family and WAVE1 was detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. CCK8 and EdU assays were performed to assess the proliferation of AML cells. Cell cycle and apoptosis were determined by propidium iodide (PI) staining and Annexin V/PI staining on a flow cytometer. Transwell assay was carried out to evaluate the migration and invasion abilities. The interaction between miR-29 family and PVT1/WAVE1 was confirmed by dual luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation assay. The protein levels of WAVE1, Bcl-2, Bax, cleaved Caspase 3, cyclin D1, and p21 were detected by western blotting. Xenograft transplantation was performed to determine the tumourigenicity of AML cell in vivo. PVT1 expression was significantly increased in AML patient samples and cells, which positively correlated with WAVE1 expression. Silencing of PVT1 restrained growth, migration and invasion, while inducing apoptosis of AML cells. Moreover, PVT1 acted as a sponge for miR-29 family to increase WAVE1 expression in AML cells. Overexpression of WAVE1 partly counteracted PVT1 knockdown-induced anti-tumour effects on AML cells in vitro and xenograft tumour in vivo. PVT1 facilitated the progression of AML via regulating miR-29 family/WAVE1 axis, which supported the conclusion that PVT1 may be a promising therapeutic target for AML.
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Yao G, Kong Y, Yang G, Kong D, Xu Y, He J, Xu Z, Bai Y, Fan H, He Q, Sun Y. Lnc-GULP1-2:1 affects granulosa cell proliferation by regulating COL3A1 expression and localization. J Ovarian Res 2021; 14:16. [PMID: 33472700 PMCID: PMC7816396 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-021-00769-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Backgrounds Long non-coding RNA is a novel group of non-protein coding transcripts over 200 nt in length. Recent studies have found that they are widely involved in many pathological and physiological processes. In our previous study, we found that lnc-GULP1–2:1 was significantly down-regulated in the ovarian cortical tissue of patients with primary ovarian insufficiency and predicted that lnc-GULP1–2:1 has a regulatory effect on COL3A1. Results In this study, we found that lnc-GULP1–2:1 was mainly localized in the cytoplasm of luteinized granulosa cells. The expression of lnc-GULP1–2:1 was lower in patients with diminished ovarian reserve but substantially elevated in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. Overexpression of lnc-GULP1–2:1 in KGN cells significantly inhibited cell proliferation, likely through cell cycle related genes CCND2 and p16. Moreover, lnc-GULP1–2:1 expression was positively correlated with the level of COL3A in luteinized granulosa cells from patients with different ovarian functions as well as in multiple cell lines. Overexpression of lnc-GULP1–2:1 in KGN cells promoted the expression of COL3A1 and its translocation into the nucleus. Consistently, silencing COL3A1 in KGN cells also significantly inhibited cell proliferation. Conclusions Lnc-GULP1–2:1 affects the proliferation of granulosa cells by regulating the expression and localization of COL3A1 protein, and may participate in the regulation of ovarian follicle development. This study will provide new insight into molecular mechanisms underlying ovarian follicular development, which will help generate novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for diseases related to ovarian follicular development disorders. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13048-021-00769-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guidong Yao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China. .,Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
| | - Yue Kong
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Deqi Kong
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Yijiang Xu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Jiahuan He
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Ziwen Xu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Yucheng Bai
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Huiying Fan
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Qina He
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Yingpu Sun
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China. .,Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
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Prudowsky ZD, Yustein JT. Recent Insights into Therapy Resistance in Osteosarcoma. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 13:E83. [PMID: 33396725 PMCID: PMC7795058 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13010083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma, the most common bone malignancy of childhood, has been a challenge to treat and cure. Standard chemotherapy regimens work well for many patients, but there remain minimal options for patients with progressive or resistant disease, as clinical trials over recent decades have failed to significantly improve survival. A better understanding of therapy resistance is necessary to improve current treatments and design new strategies for future treatment options. In this review, we discuss known mechanisms and recent scientific advancements regarding osteosarcoma and its patterns of resistance against chemotherapy, radiation, and other newly-introduced therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary D. Prudowsky
- Texas Children’s Cancer and Hematology Centers and The Faris D. Virani Ewing Sarcoma Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jason T. Yustein
- Texas Children’s Cancer and Hematology Centers and The Faris D. Virani Ewing Sarcoma Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Wang D, Li Z, Li H, Lu J, Qin Q. Long non-coding RNA SNHG20 promotes ovarian cancer development by targeting microRNA-338-3p to regulate MCL1 expression. Oncol Lett 2020; 21:130. [PMID: 33552251 PMCID: PMC7798103 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.12391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) were reported to be associated with the development of ovarian cancer (OC). Increasing evidence demonstrated that lncRNA SNHG20 and miR-338-3p were involved in OC. However, the functional mechanism of lncRNA SNHG20 and miR-338-3p in OC development remains unknown. The expression of SNHG20, miR-338-3p and myeloid cell leukemia 1 (MCL1) was detected by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. MTT assay, flow cytometry and transwell migration and invasion assays were used to assess cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion, respectively. The relative protein expression was detected by western blot analysis. The interaction between miR-338-3p and SNHG20 or MCL1 was predicted by starBase v3.0, and subsequently confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay. Besides, mouse xenograft assay was carried out to explore the effect of SNHG20 on tumor growth in vivo. The levels of SNHG20 and MCL1 were upregulated, while miR-338-3p level was downregulated in OC tissues and cells. SNHG20 knockdown repressed OC cell proliferation, migration, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and induced apoptosis. Interestingly, SNHG20 targeted miR-338-3p to regulate MCL1 expression. miR-338-3p depletion or MCL1 overexpression could reverse the effects of SNHG20 knockdown on OC cells. Besides, SNHG20 knockdown impeded tumor growth in vivo. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that SNHG20 regulates OC development via modulation of the miR-338-3p/MCL1 axis, providing the theoretical basis for the treatment of OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding Wang
- Department of Gynecology, The Affiliated Renhe Hospital of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443001, P.R. China
| | - Zhiying Li
- Department of Gynecology, The Affiliated Renhe Hospital of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443001, P.R. China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Gynecology, The Affiliated Renhe Hospital of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443001, P.R. China
| | - Jiao Lu
- Department of Gynecology, The Affiliated Renhe Hospital of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443001, P.R. China
| | - Qi Qin
- Department of Gynecology, The Affiliated Renhe Hospital of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443001, P.R. China
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38
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Lei Y, Junxin C, Yongcan H, Xiaoguang L, Binsheng Y. Role of microRNAs in the crosstalk between osteosarcoma cells and the tumour microenvironment. J Bone Oncol 2020; 25:100322. [PMID: 33083216 PMCID: PMC7554654 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbo.2020.100322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary bone tumour, with a peak incidence in adolescents, and the five-year survival rate of patients with metastasis or recurrence is much lower than that of patients without metastasis and recurrence. OS is initiated and develops in a complex tumour microenvironment (TME) that contains many different components, such as osteoblasts, osteoclasts, mesenchymal stem cells, fibroblasts, immune cells, extracellular matrix (ECM), extracellular vesicles, and cytokines. The extensive interaction between OS and the TME underlies OS progression. Therefore, rather than targeting OS cells, targeting the key factors in the TME may yield novel therapeutic approaches. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play multiple roles in the biological behaviours of OS, and recent studies have implied that miRNAs are involved in mediating the communication between OS cells and the surrounding TME. Here, we review the TME landscape and the miRNA dysregulation of OS, describe the role of the altered TME in OS development and highlight the role of miRNA in the crosstalk between OS cells and the TME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Lei
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Spine Surgery, Department of Spine Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Orthopaedic Regenerative Technologies, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
| | - Chen Junxin
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Spine Surgery, Department of Spine Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Orthopaedic Regenerative Technologies, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
| | - Huang Yongcan
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Spine Surgery, Department of Spine Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Orthopaedic Regenerative Technologies, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
| | - Liu Xiaoguang
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yu Binsheng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Spine Surgery, Department of Spine Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
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LncRNA double homeobox A pseudogene 8 (DUXAP8) facilitates the progression of neuroblastoma and activates Wnt/β-catenin pathway via microRNA-29/nucleolar protein 4 like (NOL4L) axis. Brain Res 2020; 1746:146947. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2020.146947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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40
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Chen W, Lv X, Wang Y, Zhang X, Wang S, Hussain Z, Chen L, Su R, Sun W. Transcriptional Profiles of Long Non-coding RNA and mRNA in Sheep Mammary Gland During Lactation Period. Front Genet 2020; 11:946. [PMID: 33101361 PMCID: PMC7546800 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sheep milk and related products have been growing in popularity around the world in recent years. However, the sheep milk industry is limited by low milk yield, and the molecular regulators of ovine lactation remain largely unknown. To investigate the transcriptomic basis of sheep lactation, RNA-Sequencing was used to explore the expression profiles of lncRNA and mRNA of the mammary gland in Hu sheep at three key time points during the lactation stage: 5 days before the expected date of parturition perinatal period (PP), 6 days after parturition early lactation (EL), and 25 days after parturition peak lactation (PL). A total of 1111, 688, and 54 differentially expressed (DE) lncRNAs as well as 1360, 660, and 17 DE mRNAs were detected in the EL vs PP, PL vs PP, and PL vs EL comparisons, respectively. Several prominent mRNAs (e.g., CSN1S1, CSN1S2, PAEP, CSN2, CSN3, and COL3A1) and lncRNAs (e.g., LNC_018483, LNC_005678, LNC_012936, and LNC_004856) were identified. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that several DE mRNAs and target genes of DE lncRNAs were involved in lactation-related pathways, such as MAPK, PPAR, and ECM-receptor interaction. This study enhances our understanding of how transcriptomic profiles change during the lactation period and pave the way for future studies examining sheep lactation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihao Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyang Lv
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yue Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xinjun Zhang
- Animal Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Shanhe Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zahid Hussain
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Ling Chen
- Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Bureau of Suzhou City, Suzhou, China
| | - Rui Su
- Suzhou Taihu Dongshang Sheep Industry Development Co., Ltd., Suzhou, China
| | - Wei Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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41
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Cui J, Dean D, Hornicek FJ, Chen Z, Duan Z. The role of extracelluar matrix in osteosarcoma progression and metastasis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2020; 39:178. [PMID: 32887645 PMCID: PMC7650219 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-020-01685-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary bone malignancy and responsible for considerable morbidity and mortality due to its high rates of pulmonary metastasis. Although neoadjuvant chemotherapy has improved 5-year survival rates for patients with localized OS from 20% to over 65%, outcomes for those with metastasis remain dismal. In addition, therapeutic regimens have not significantly improved patient outcomes over the past four decades, and metastases remains a primary cause of death and obstacle in curative therapy. These limitations in care have given rise to numerous works focused on mechanisms and novel targets of OS pathogenesis, including tumor niche factors. OS is notable for its hallmark production of rich extracellular matrix (ECM) of osteoid that goes beyond simple physiological growth support. The aberrant signaling and structural components of the ECM are rich promoters of OS development, and very recent works have shown the specific pathogenic phenotypes induced by these macromolecules. Here we summarize the current developments outlining how the ECM contributes to OS progression and metastasis with supporting mechanisms. We also illustrate the potential of tumorigenic ECM elements as prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in the evolving clinical management of OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juncheng Cui
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, 69 Chuanshan Road, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Sarcoma Biology Laboratory, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 615 Charles E. Young Dr. South, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Dylan Dean
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Sarcoma Biology Laboratory, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 615 Charles E. Young Dr. South, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Francis J Hornicek
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Sarcoma Biology Laboratory, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 615 Charles E. Young Dr. South, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Zhiwei Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, 69 Chuanshan Road, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
| | - Zhenfeng Duan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Sarcoma Biology Laboratory, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 615 Charles E. Young Dr. South, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
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Wang P, Liu S, Zhu C, Duan Q, Jiang Y, Gao K, Bu Q, Cao B, An X. MiR-29 regulates the function of goat granulosa cell by targeting PTX3 via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and Erk1/2 signaling pathways. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2020; 202:105722. [PMID: 32565247 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2020.105722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PTX3, a member of the pentraxin protein family, plays important roles in ovulation as a marker of cumulus cell-oocyte complex expansion. However, the expression and function of PTX3 in goat ovarian GCs remain unclear. We isolated GCs from small and large follicles and found that PTX3 expression was significantly decreased and miR-29 mRNA expression was significantly increased during the growth of antral follicles. MiR-29 decreased PTX3 expression by targeting its 3' untranslated. Furthermore, miR-29 promoted GC proliferation, suppressed steroidogenesis and apoptosis by targeting PTX3 via the activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and Erk1/2 signaling pathways. Treatment with inhibitors also verified these results. Meanwhile, we found that PI3K/AKT/mTOR and Erk1/2 signaling pathways had different role in secretion of E2 and P4 by regulating differently various steroidogenic enzyme (CYP19A1, CYP11A1, StAR and HSD3B) expression. These outcomes indicate the potential role of PTX3 in goat follicular growth and atresia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peijie Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, PR China
| | - Shujuan Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, PR China
| | - Chao Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, PR China
| | - Quyu Duan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, PR China
| | - Yue Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, PR China
| | - Kexin Gao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, PR China
| | - Qiqi Bu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, PR China
| | - Binyun Cao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, PR China.
| | - Xiaopeng An
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, PR China.
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Ohzawa H, Kimura Y, Saito A, Yamaguchi H, Miyato H, Sakuma Y, Horie H, Hosoya Y, Lefor AK, Sata N, Kitayama J. Ratios of miRNAs in Peritoneal Exosomes are Useful Biomarkers to Predict Tumor Response to Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy in Patients with Peritoneal Metastases from Gastric Cancer. Ann Surg Oncol 2020; 27:5057-5064. [DOI: 10.1245/s10434-020-09007-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Koźmiński P, Halik PK, Chesori R, Gniazdowska E. Overview of Dual-Acting Drug Methotrexate in Different Neurological Diseases, Autoimmune Pathologies and Cancers. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21103483. [PMID: 32423175 PMCID: PMC7279024 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21103483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Methotrexate, a structural analogue of folic acid, is one of the most effective and extensively used drugs for treating many kinds of cancer or severe and resistant forms of autoimmune diseases. In this paper, we take an overview of the present state of knowledge with regards to complex mechanisms of methotrexate action and its applications as immunosuppressive drug or chemotherapeutic agent in oncological combination therapy. In addition, the issue of the potential benefits of methotrexate in the development of neurological disorders in Alzheimer’s disease or myasthenia gravis will be discussed.
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Xu JX, Yang Y, Zhang X, Luan XP. Micro-RNA29b enhances the sensitivity of glioblastoma multiforme cells to temozolomide by promoting autophagy. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2020; 304:342-352. [PMID: 32275350 DOI: 10.1002/ar.24400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
To explore whether or not aberrant expression of miR-29b in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) cells was associated with temozolomide (TMZ) resistance and to elucidate potential underlying mechanisms. Upregulation of miR-29 in GBM cells was achieved by transfecting miR-29b mimics. Changes in cell viability were measured by using CCK-8 assays. Flow cytometry and TUNEL assays were used to quantify the number of apoptotic cells. The expression levels of apoptosis-related proteins as well as autophagy-associated proteins, and the expression levels of both apoptotic and autophagic genes were determined by Western blotting. Autophagy flux was monitored by transfecting mRFP-GFP-LC3 adenovirus. We halted autophagy by introducing Atg 5-specific siRNA or the autophagy inhibitor Bafilomycin A1 (Baf-A1). We also employed a GBM xenograft mice model to confirm the role of miR-29b in vivo. miR-29b overexpression induced inhibition of cell viability, and also induced apoptosis and autophagy in U251 and U87MG cells. Furthermore, upregulation of miR-29b was able to potentiate the level of antitumor activity of TMZ against tested cells. We also found that autophagy induced by miR-29b, at least partially, contributed to the increase of TMZ sensitivity in GBM cells. As was evidenced by blockade of autophagy, the application of Atg 5 siRNA or Baf-A1 was able to significantly reverse these effects. Consistent with observations in vitro, findings of in vivo assessment also confirmed that overexpression of miR-29b was able to effectively halt tumor growth and enhance the antitumor activity of TMZ. miR-29b potentiates TMZ sensitivity against GBM cells by inducing autophagy and the combined use of miR-29 mimic and TMZ might represent a potential therapeutic strategy for GBM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Xuan Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The second Affiliated Hospital of XinJiang Medical University, Wulumuqi City, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The second Affiliated Hospital of XinJiang Medical University, Wulumuqi City, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The second Affiliated Hospital of XinJiang Medical University, Wulumuqi City, China
| | - Xin-Ping Luan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The second Affiliated Hospital of XinJiang Medical University, Wulumuqi City, China
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Kazmierczak D, Jopek K, Sterzynska K, Ginter-Matuszewska B, Nowicki M, Rucinski M, Januchowski R. The Significance of MicroRNAs Expression in Regulation of Extracellular Matrix and Other Drug Resistant Genes in Drug Resistant Ovarian Cancer Cell Lines. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21072619. [PMID: 32283808 PMCID: PMC7177408 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer rates the highest mortality among all gynecological malignancies. The main reason for high mortality is the development of drug resistance. It can be related to increased expression of drug transporters and increased expression of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. Our foremost aim was to exhibit alterations in the miRNA expression levels in cisplatin (CIS), paclitaxel (PAC), doxorubicin (DOX), and topotecan (TOP)-resistant variants of the W1 sensitive ovarian cancer cell line-using miRNA microarray. The second goal was to identify miRNAs responsible for the regulation of drug-resistant genes. According to our observation, alterations in the expression of 40 miRNAs were present. We could observe that, in at least one drug-resistant cell line, the expression of 21 miRNAs was upregulated and that of 19 miRNAs was downregulated. We identified target genes for 22 miRNAs. Target analysis showed that miRNA regulates key genes responsible for drug resistance. Among others, we observed regulation of the ATP-binding cassette subfamily B member 1 gene (ABCB1) in the paclitaxel-resistant cell line by miR-363 and regulation of the collagen type III alpha 1 chain gene (COL3A1) in the topotekan-resistant cell line by miR-29a.
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Liu AS, Yu HY, Yang YL, Xue FY, Chen X, Zhang Y, Zhou ZY, Zhang B, Li L, Sun CZ, Huang P, Huang JF. A Chemotherapy-Driven Increase in Mcl-1 Mediates the Effect of miR-375 on Cisplatin Resistance in Osteosarcoma Cells. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:11667-11677. [PMID: 32021245 PMCID: PMC6942534 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s231125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Osteosarcoma (OS) is one of the most difficult cancers to treat due to its resistance to chemotherapy. The essential role played by Mcl-1 in promoting chemoresistance has been observed in a variety of cancers, including OS, while the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Methods We investigated the expression of Mcl-1 in 42 paired OS specimens obtained before and after adjuvant chemotherapy, and its correlation with clinicopathological characteristics. Loss and gain of function studies were performed to analyze the effects of Mcl-1 modulations on the chemosensitivity, and the mechanism involved in the deregulation of Mcl-1 in OS cells. Results In OS specimens, the expression of Mcl-1 was significantly upregulated after chemotherapy, and high Mcl-1 expression was associated with poorer overall survival and an increased recurrence rate. Furthermore, we demonstrated that chemotherapy-driven increased Mcl-1 decreased chemosensitivity by promoting tumour proliferation and inhibiting DNA damage. Moreover, Mcl-1 was found to be a direct target of miR-375 in OS cells. The knockdown of Mcl-1 phenocopied miR-375 downregulation, and the overexpression of miR-375 rescued the effects of cisplatin-induced DNA damage mediated by Mcl-1. Conclusion Our data indicated that chemotherapy-driven increase in the expression of Mcl-1 plays a critical role in chemoresistance, and the intervention of the miR-375/Mcl-1 axis may offer a novel strategy to enhance chemosensitivity in OS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- An-Song Liu
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Yang Yu
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Lin Yang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Fu-Yao Xue
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Zi-Yu Zhou
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Lan Li
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuan-Zheng Sun
- Emergency Department, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Ju-Fang Huang
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
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Hu Z, Cai M, Zhang Y, Tao L, Guo R. miR-29c-3p inhibits autophagy and cisplatin resistance in ovarian cancer by regulating FOXP1/ATG14 pathway. Cell Cycle 2019; 19:193-206. [PMID: 31885310 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2019.1704537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy, characterized by the elevator of autophagy-related gene 14 (ATG14) and the dysregulation of autophagy-related proteins, contributes to the cisplatin (DDP) resistance in ovarian cancer. Forkhead box protein P1 (FOXP1), which is a well-defined transcription factor, is reported to have the oncogenic effect on ovarian cancer. This study aims to identify the effect of miR-29c-3p/FOXP1/ATG14 pathway in regulating autophagy and DDP resistance in ovarian cancer. The expressions of miR-29c-3p, FOXP1, ATG14 and autophagy-related proteins were detected in DDP-sensitive ovarian cancer cell lines (SKOV3 and A2780) and DDP-resistant cell lines (SKOV3/DDP and A2780/DDP). Cell viability was detected using the MTT assay. The therapeutic effect of miR-29c-3p overexpression was observed in the xenograft model of nude mice.Compared with DDP-sensitive cells, miR-29c-3p was decreased in DDP-resistant cells, and an enhancement of FOXP1, ATG14, autophagy, and drug resistance was shown in DDP-resistant cells. The anti-resistant effect of miR-29c-3p was observed as overexpressing miR-29c-3p inhibited cell viability of DDP-resistant cells. Moreover, FOXP1 was a target of miR-29c-3p, which was confirmed by the luciferase reporter assay, and ATG14 was transactivated by FOXP1, which was confirmed by the ChIP assay. Overexpression of miR-29c-3p increased DDP sensitivity by downregulating FOXP1/ATG14 in vitro. The tumor volume was reduced after the injection of miR-29c-3p-overexpressing SKOV3/DDP cells in vivo. Overexpression of miR-29c-3p inhibited autophagy and DDP resistance partly via downregulating FOXP1/ATG14 pathway, suggesting miR-29c-3p as a novel target in overcoming DDP resistance in ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhua Hu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Mingbo Cai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Lingling Tao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ruixia Guo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Wang J, Liu S, Shi J, Li J, Wang S, Liu H, Zhao S, Duan K, Pan X, Yi Z. The Role of miRNA in the Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Treatment of Osteosarcoma. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2019; 34:605-613. [PMID: 31674804 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2019.2939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is one of the most common malignant tumors derived from mesenchymal tissue and is highly invasive, mainly in children and adolescents. Treatment of OS is mostly based on standard treatment options, including aggressive surgical resection, systemic chemotherapy, and targeted radiation therapy, but the 5-year survival rate is still low. MicroRNA (miRNA) is a highly conserved type of endogenous nonprotein-encoding RNA, about 19-25 nucleotides in length, whose transcription process is independent of other genes. Generally, miRNAs play a role in regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and development by binding to the 3' untranslated region of target mRNAs, whereby they can degrade or induce translational silencing. Although miRNAs play a regulatory role in various metabolic processes, they are not translated into proteins. Several studies have shown that miRNAs play an important role in the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of OS. Herein, the authors describe new advances in the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of miRNAs in OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jicheng Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China.,Department of Orthopedics, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shizhang Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiyuan Shi
- Department of Orthopedics, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Jingyuan Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Songbo Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China.,Department of Orthopedics, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Huitong Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Song Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China.,Department of Orthopedics, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Keke Duan
- Department of Orthopedics, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China.,Department of Orthopedics, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xuezhen Pan
- Department of Orthopedics, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China.,Department of Orthopedics, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhi Yi
- Department of Orthopedics, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
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WIN55,212-2-Induced Expression of Mir-29b1 Favours the Suppression of Osteosarcoma Cell Migration in a SPARC-Independent Manner. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20205235. [PMID: 31652569 PMCID: PMC6834304 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20205235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
WIN55,212-2 (WIN) is a synthetic agonist of cannabinoid receptors that displays promising antitumour properties. The aim of this study is to demonstrate that WIN is able to block the migratory ability of osteosarcoma cells and characterize the mechanisms involved. Using wound healing assay and zymography, we showed that WIN affects cell migration and reduces the activity of the metalloproteases MMP2 and MMP9. This effect seemed to be independent of secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC), a matricellular protein involved in tissue remodeling and extracellular matrix deposition. SPARC release was indeed prevented by WIN, and SPARC silencing by RNA interference did not influence the effect of the cannabinoid on cell migration. WIN also increased the release of extracellular vesicles and dramatically upregulated miR-29b1, a key miRNA that modulates cell proliferation and migration. Interestingly, reduced cell migration was observed in stably miR-29b1-transfected cells, similarly to WIN-treated cells. Finally, we show the absence of SPARC in the extracellular vesicles released by osteosarcoma cells and no changes in SPARC level in miR-29b1 overexpressing cells. Overall, these findings suggest that WIN markedly affects cell migration, dependently on miR-29b1 and independently of SPARC, and can thus be considered as a potential innovative therapeutic agent in the treatment of osteosarcoma.
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