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Gong C, Han J, He C, Shi L, Shan Y, Zhang Z, Wang L, Ren X. Insights into degradation of pharmaceutical pollutant atenolol via electrochemical advanced oxidation processes with modified Ti 4O 7 electrode: Efficiency, stability and mechanism. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 228:115920. [PMID: 37068721 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
A novel active Ce-doped Ti4O7 (Ti/Ti4O7-Ce) electrode was prepared and evaluated for improvement of the refractory pollutants degradation efficiency in Electrochemical advanced oxidation processes (EAOPs). The results showed that the addition of Ce in Ti/Ti4O7 electrode leading to great impact on •OH generation rate and electrode stability compared to pristine Ti/Ti4O7 electrode. Ti/Ti4O7-Ce electrode presented efficient oxidation capacity for pharmaceutical pollutant atenolol (ATL) in EAOPs, which could be attributed to the improvement of indirect oxidation mediated by electro-generated •OH, as the amount of •OH production was 16.5% higher than that in Ti/Ti4O7 within 120 min. The operational conditions greatly influenced the ATL degradation. The degradation efficiency of ATL increased as the current density, the degradation efficiency reached 100% under pH 4, but it just removed 81% of ATL under pH 10 after 120 min treatment. Results also suggested that the inhibiting effect from the ATL degradation was mostly associated with the decreased oxidation capacity induced by water hardness and natural organic matter (NOM). It displayed a satisfactory durability after 40 cycles of experimental detections in this research. The results of study suggested that Ti/Ti4O7-Ce was a promising electrode for the efficient degradation of PPCPs-polluted wastewater and provided constructive suggestion for the refractory pollutants of EAOPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenhao Gong
- Beijing City University, No. 269, North Fourth Ring Middle Road, Beijing, 100083, China; Institute of Resource and Environment, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, No.1 Gao Li Zhang Road, Beijing, 100095, China.
| | - Junxing Han
- Institute of Resource and Environment, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, No.1 Gao Li Zhang Road, Beijing, 100095, China
| | - Can He
- Institute of Resource and Environment, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, No.1 Gao Li Zhang Road, Beijing, 100095, China
| | - Li Shi
- Institute of Resource and Environment, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, No.1 Gao Li Zhang Road, Beijing, 100095, China
| | - Yue Shan
- Institute of Resource and Environment, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, No.1 Gao Li Zhang Road, Beijing, 100095, China
| | - Zhongguo Zhang
- Institute of Resource and Environment, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, No.1 Gao Li Zhang Road, Beijing, 100095, China.
| | - Liangliang Wang
- Institute of Resource and Environment, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, No.1 Gao Li Zhang Road, Beijing, 100095, China
| | - Xiaojing Ren
- Institute of Resource and Environment, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, No.1 Gao Li Zhang Road, Beijing, 100095, China.
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2
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Reid G, Klebe S, van Zandwijk N, George AM. Asbestos and Zeolites: from A to Z via a Common Ion. Chem Res Toxicol 2021; 34:936-951. [PMID: 33749247 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.0c00286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Asbestos and zeolites are silicate-based minerals, linked inextricably via paradoxical similarities and differences which have emanated from different geological epochs. Both have been employed in the service of humanity through millennia: asbestos, for its "inextinguishable" quality of being an insulator against heat and fire; zeolite, a "boiling stone" with its volcanic and marine sedimentary rock origins, for its propensity to adsorb water and remove metals and toxins. Serious adverse health effects observed in asbestos miners as long ago as the 1st Century AD did not halt the rising popularity of asbestos. As the miracle material of the 1900s, asbestos production and consumption exploded, culminating in its ubiquity in ships, vehicles, homes, commercial buildings, and over 3000 different industrial and household products. Through the 1940s and 1950s, epidemiological studies concluded that asbestos was a likely cause of asbestosis, lung cancer, and malignant mesothelioma, and it is now banned in many but far from all countries. The long latency between exposure to asbestos and the occurrence of cancer has obscured the deadly consequences of asbestos exposure for centuries. Even today, a considerable part of the world population is insufficiently aware of the dangers of asbestos, and millions of tons of this carcinogen continue to be mined and used worldwide. Zeolites, both natural and synthetic, are microporous aluminosilicate minerals commonly used in a myriad of processes, in the petrochemical industry, in domestic appliances and cleaning agents, as commercial adsorbents and exchangers for toxins and pollutants, and as catalysts. Zeolites are found in agriculture, veterinary science, and human health. More recently, new materials such as carbon nanotubes are being employed in materials requiring durability and thermal and electrical conductivity, yet nanotubes are now joining the ranks of more established particulates such as asbestos and silica, in causing human disease. In this review, we compare and contrast the similarities and differences of these two groups of silicate minerals and their waxing and waning use in the employ of humanity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glen Reid
- Department of Pathology, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Sonja Klebe
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Flinders University and SA Pathology Bedford Park 5042, Australia
| | - Nico van Zandwijk
- Sydney Local Health District, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Concord, New South Wales 2139, Australia
| | - Anthony M George
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, P.O. Box 123 Broadway, New South Wales 2007, Australia
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3
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Fan X, McLaughlin C, Robinson C, Ravasini J, Schelch K, Johnson T, van Zandwijk N, Reid G, George AM. Zeolites ameliorate asbestos toxicity in a transgenic model of malignant mesothelioma. FASEB Bioadv 2019; 1:550-560. [PMID: 32123850 PMCID: PMC6996371 DOI: 10.1096/fba.2019-00040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is an almost invariably fatal cancer caused by asbestos exposure. The toxicity of asbestos fibers is related to their physicochemical properties and the generation of free radicals. We set up a pilot study to investigate the potential of the zeolite clinoptilolite to counteract the asbestos carcinogenesis by preventing the generation of reactive nitrogen and oxygen radicals. In cell culture experiments, clinoptilolite prevented asbestos-induced cell death, reactive oxygen species production, DNA degradation, and overexpression of genes known to be up-regulated by asbestos. In an asbestos-induced transgenic mouse model of MM, mice were injected intraperitoneal injections with blue asbestos, with or without clinoptilolite, and monitored for 30 weeks. By the end of the trial all 13 mice injected with asbestos alone had reached humane end points, whereas only 7 of 29 mice receiving crocidolite and clinoptilolite reached a similar stage of disease. Post-mortem examination revealed pinpoint mesothelioma-like tumors in affected mice, and the absence of tumor formation in surviving mice. Interestingly, the macrophage clearance system, which was largely suppressed in asbestos-treated mice, exhibited evidence of increased phagocytosis in mice treated with asbestos and clinoptilolite. Our study suggests that inhibiting the asbestos-induced generation of reactive oxygen species and stimulating the macrophage system may represent a pathway to amelioration of asbestos-induced toxicity. Additional studies are warranted to explore the underlying mechanisms responsible for our observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiyong Fan
- School of Life SciencesUniversity of Technology SydneyBroadwayNSWAustralia
| | - Chris McLaughlin
- School of Life SciencesUniversity of Technology SydneyBroadwayNSWAustralia
| | - Cleo Robinson
- School of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of Western Australia (M503)CrawleyWAAustralia
- Molecular Anatomical Pathology, PathWest Laboratory MedicineQEII Medical CentreNedlandsWAAustralia
| | - Jason Ravasini
- School of Life SciencesUniversity of Technology SydneyBroadwayNSWAustralia
| | - Karin Schelch
- Asbestos Diseases Research InstituteUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
- Faculty of MedicineUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine IMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Thomas Johnson
- Asbestos Diseases Research InstituteUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
- Faculty of MedicineUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Nico van Zandwijk
- Asbestos Diseases Research InstituteUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Glen Reid
- School of Life SciencesUniversity of Technology SydneyBroadwayNSWAustralia
- Asbestos Diseases Research InstituteUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
- Faculty of MedicineUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
- Present address:
Department of PathologyUniversity of OtagoDunedinNew Zealand
| | - Anthony M. George
- School of Life SciencesUniversity of Technology SydneyBroadwayNSWAustralia
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4
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Li X, Tian Z, Liang K, Wang Y. Enhanced photo-Fenton degradation performance over multi-metal co-supported SAPO-18 zeolites by promoted active species yield. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2019.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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5
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Zhang Y, Wang A, Ren S, Wen Z, Tian X, Li D, Li J. Effect of surface properties of activated carbon fiber cathode on mineralization of antibiotic cefalexin by electro-Fenton and photoelectro-Fenton treatments: Mineralization, kinetics and oxidation products. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 221:423-432. [PMID: 30648647 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 01/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Solutions of 200 mg L-1 cefalexin (CLX), an antibiotic with high usage frequency and biodegradation resistance, have been comparatively degraded by electro-Fenton (EF) and photoelectro-Fenton (PEF) processes using two kinds of activated carbon fiber (ACF) cathodes with different physical properties. These two ACFs shared similar pore volumes and pore diameters but varied BET surface areas, which were confirmed to be 0.5210 cm3 g-1, 2.26 nm and 921 m2 g-1 for ACF1, while 0.6508 cm3 g-1, 2.16 nm and 1206 m2 g-1 for ACF2, respectively. Their oxidation abilities were comparatively assessed in terms of degradation kinetics and mineralization rates, which increased in the order: ACF1-EF < ACF2-EF < ACF1-PEF < ACF2-PEF. These results confirmed the superiority of ACF with higher surface area, which was correlated to faster H2O2 and OH accumulation in more reaction sites provided. After 120 min electrolysis, ACF1 exhibited 1510 μM H2O2 and 37 μM OH accumulation, while ACF2 generated 1934 μM H2O2 and 85 μM OH. Moreover, ACF cathode with more developed pore structure also revealed faster formation of degradation by-products like inorganic ions (NH4+ and NO3- ions) and short-chain carboxylic acids (acetic, formic, oxamic and oxalic acids), as well as enhanced removal for partial acids. In order to gain a deeper understanding of degradation mechanisms for ACF2-PEF system, evolutions of six aromatic by-products generated from sulfoxidation, hydroxylation and decarboxylation were confirmed by UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS determination. Based on the above identifications of the degradation intermediates, a plausible reaction pathway for CLX removal was proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyu Zhang
- Department of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Aqueous Typical Pollutants Control and Water Quality Safeguard, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Aimin Wang
- Department of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Aqueous Typical Pollutants Control and Water Quality Safeguard, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China.
| | - Songyu Ren
- Department of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Aqueous Typical Pollutants Control and Water Quality Safeguard, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Zhenjun Wen
- Department of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Aqueous Typical Pollutants Control and Water Quality Safeguard, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Xiujun Tian
- Department of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Aqueous Typical Pollutants Control and Water Quality Safeguard, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Desheng Li
- Department of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Aqueous Typical Pollutants Control and Water Quality Safeguard, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Jiuyi Li
- Department of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Aqueous Typical Pollutants Control and Water Quality Safeguard, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China
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6
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Gualtieri AF, Andreozzi GB, Tomatis M, Turci F. Iron from a geochemical viewpoint. Understanding toxicity/pathogenicity mechanisms in iron-bearing minerals with a special attention to mineral fibers. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 133:21-37. [PMID: 30071299 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Iron and its role as soul of life on Earth is addressed in this review as iron is one of the most abundant elements of our universe, forms the core of our planet and that of telluric (i.e., Earth-like) planets, is a major element of the Earth's crust and is hosted in an endless number of mineral phases, both crystalline and amorphous. To study iron at an atomic level inside the bulk of mineral phases or at its surface, where it is more reactive, both spectroscopy and diffraction experimental methods can be used, taking advantage of nearly the whole spectrum of electromagnetic waves. These methods can be successfully combined to microscopy to simultaneously provide chemical (e.g. iron mapping) and morphological information on mineral particles, and shed light on the interaction of mineral surfaces with organic matter. This review describes the crystal chemistry of iron-bearing minerals of importance for the environment and human health, with special attention to iron in toxic minerals, and the experimental methods used for their study. Special attention is devoted to the Fenton-like chain reaction involving Fe2+ in the formation of highly reactive hydroxyl radicals. The final part of this review deals with release and adsorption of iron in biological fluids, coordinative and oxidative state of iron and in vitro reactivity. To disclose the very mechanisms of carcinogenesis induced by iron-bearing toxic mineral particles, crystal chemistry and surface chemistry are fundamental for a multidisciplinary approach which should involve geo-bio-scientists, toxicologists and medical doctors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro F Gualtieri
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, The University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 103, I-41125 Modena, Italy.
| | - Giovanni B Andreozzi
- Department of Earth Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Roma, Italy; CNR-IGAG, U.O. Roma, at Department of Earth Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale A. Moro 5, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Maura Tomatis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Torino, via Pietro Giuria 7, I-10125 Torino, Italy; "G. Sca nsetti" Interdepartmen tal Centre for Studies on Asbestos and Other Toxic Particulates, University of Torino, via Pietro Giuria 9, I-10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Francesco Turci
- Department of Chemistry, University of Torino, via Pietro Giuria 7, I-10125 Torino, Italy; "G. Sca nsetti" Interdepartmen tal Centre for Studies on Asbestos and Other Toxic Particulates, University of Torino, via Pietro Giuria 9, I-10125 Torino, Italy
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7
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Sayan M, Eren MF, Gupta A, Ohri N, Kotek A, Babalioglu I, Oskeroglu Kaplan S, Duran O, Derinalp Or O, Cukurcayir F, Kurtul N, Ceylaner Bicakci B, Kutuk T, Senyurek S, Turk A, Jabbour SK, Atalar B. Current treatment strategies in malignant pleural mesothelioma with a treatment algorithm. Adv Respir Med 2019; 87:289-297. [PMID: 31680229 PMCID: PMC10865992 DOI: 10.5603/arm.2019.0051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is arare disease with apoor prognosis. The main therapeutic options for MPM include surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy (RT). Although multimodality therapy has been reported to improve survival, not every medically operable patient is able to undergo all recommended therapy. With improvements in surgical techniques and systemic therapies, as well as advancements in RT, there has been apotential new paradigm in the management of this disease. In this review, we discuss the current literature on MPM management and propose afunctional treatment algorithm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mutlay Sayan
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA.
| | - Mehmet Fuat Eren
- Radiation Oncology Clinic, Marmara University Istanbul Pendik Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Apar Gupta
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Nisha Ohri
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Ayse Kotek
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dr. Ersin Arslan Education and Research Hospital, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Ibrahim Babalioglu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Konya Education and Research Hospital, Konya, Turkey
| | - Sedenay Oskeroglu Kaplan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mehmet Akif Inan Education and Research Hospital, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Ozge Duran
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mehmet Akif Inan Education and Research Hospital, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Ozlem Derinalp Or
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Adana City Education and Research Hospital, Adana, Turkey
| | - Funda Cukurcayir
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Balikesir Government Hospital, Balikesir, Turkey
| | - Neslihan Kurtul
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaras, Turkey
| | - Beyhan Ceylaner Bicakci
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Saglik Bilimleri University, Kartal Dr. Lutfi Kirdar Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tugce Kutuk
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Malatya Education and Research Hospital, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Sukran Senyurek
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kahramanmaras Necip Fazil City Hospital, Kahramanmaras, Turkey
| | - Ali Turk
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kahramanmaras Necip Fazil City Hospital, Kahramanmaras, Turkey
| | - Salma K Jabbour
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Banu Atalar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mehmet Ali Aydınlar Acıbadem University, School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
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8
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Fan X, McLaughlin C, Ravasini J, Robinson C, George AM. Zeolite protects mice from iron-induced damage in a mouse model trial. FEBS Open Bio 2018; 8:1773-1781. [PMID: 30410857 PMCID: PMC6212648 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
For centuries, zeolites have been used for their utility in binding metals, and they feature in a multitude of agricultural and industrial applications in which the honeycombed zeolite structures form ideal ion exchangers, catalysts and binding agents. Zeolites are currently in a transition period, moving towards implementation in human ailments and diseases. Here, we postulated that zeolites may be able to counter the effects of excess iron and conducted a mouse model trial to gauge the utility of this notion. We used the transgenic mouse strain MexTAg299 for a thirty‐week pilot trial in which iron polymaltose and/or the zeolite clinoptilolite was injected into the peritoneum twice weekly. Mice were sacrificed at the end of the trial period and examined by postmortem and histology for significant physiological differences between mouse subgroups. In this study, we demonstrated that a common zeolite, clinoptilolite, is able to maintain the general health and well‐being of mice and prevent iron‐induced deleterious effects following iron overload. When zeolites are given with iron biweekly as intraperitoneal injections, mice showed far less macroscopic visual organ discoloration, along with near normal histology, under iron overload conditions when compared to mice injected with iron only. The purpose of the present pilot study was to examine potential alternatives to current iron chelation treatments, and the results indicate an advantage to using zeolites in conditions of iron excess. Zeolites may have translational potential for use in cases of human iron overload.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiyong Fan
- Faculty of Science School of Life Sciences University of Technology Sydney Broadway New South Wales Australia
| | - Chris McLaughlin
- Faculty of Science School of Life Sciences University of Technology Sydney Broadway New South Wales Australia
| | - Jason Ravasini
- Faculty of Science School of Life Sciences University of Technology Sydney Broadway New South Wales Australia
| | - Cleo Robinson
- School of Biomedical Sciences University of Western Australia Crawley Perth Australia.,Molecular Anatomical Pathology PathWest Laboratory Medicine QEII Medical Centre Nedlands Perth Australia
| | - Anthony M George
- Faculty of Science School of Life Sciences University of Technology Sydney Broadway New South Wales Australia
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9
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Different Erionite Species Bind Iron into the Structure: A Potential Explanation for Fibrous Erionite Toxicity. MINERALS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/min8020036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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10
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Williams LJ, Chen L, Zosky GR. The respiratory health effects of geogenic (earth derived) PM10. Inhal Toxicol 2017; 29:342-355. [DOI: 10.1080/08958378.2017.1367054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lewis J. Williams
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Ling Chen
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Graeme R. Zosky
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
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11
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Cherdwongcharoensuk D, Cunha EM, Upatham S, Pereira AS, Oliveira MJR, Aguas AP. In vivo ingestion of heavy metal particles of Se, Hg and W by murine macrophages. A study using scanning electron microscopy coupled with X-ray microanalysis. Toxicol Ind Health 2016; 18:397-403. [PMID: 15119528 DOI: 10.1191/0748233702th161oa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Several heavy metals that are currently employed in industry may become polluters of work and natural environments. As particulate matter, heavy metals are suitable for entering the human body through the respiratory and digestive systems. They often end up inside phagocytes; the size of the microscopic particles modulates both their phagocytosis, and the physiology of macrophages. Here we have adopted an experimental model to investigate the ingestion of particles of three industrial heavy metals (Se, Hg, W) by murine peritoneal macrophages in vivo. The phagocytes were studied by scanning electron microscopy coupled with X-ray elemental microanalysis (SEM-XRM), a method that allows specific identification of Se, W and Hg in cells at high resolution. We found that Hg that was taken up by macrophages was organized into small, round particles (0.319/0.14 mm). This was in contrast with the larger size of intracellular particles of Se (2.379/1.84 mm) or W (1.759-1.34 mm). Ingested particles of Se and W, but not Hg, often caused bulging of the cell surface of macrophages. We conclude that particulate matters of Se, W and Hg are organized in particles of different size inside macrophages. This size difference is likely to be associated with distinct phlogistic activities of these heavy metals, Se and W causing a milder inflammatory reaction than Hg.
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12
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Matassa R, Familiari G, Relucenti M, Battaglione E, Downing C, Pacella A, Cametti G, Ballirano P. A Deep Look Into Erionite Fibres: an Electron Microscopy Investigation of their Self-Assembly. Sci Rep 2015; 5:16757. [PMID: 26567530 PMCID: PMC4645157 DOI: 10.1038/srep16757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The exposure of humans to erionite fibres of appropriate morphology and dimension has been unambiguously linked to the occurrence of Malignant Mesothelioma. For this reason, a detailed morpho-structural investigation through Electron Microscopy techniques has been performed on erionite samples collected at two different localities, Durkee (ED) and Rome (ER), Oregon, USA. The sample from Rome has been also investigated after a prolonged leaching with Gamble’s solution (ER4G) in order to evaluate the possible occurrence of morpho-structural modifications induced by this Simulated-Lung-Fluid (SLF). Here we report how the micrometric erionite fibres evolve in irregular ribbon- or rod-like bundles as a function of different nano-structural features. The reasons for the observed morphological variability have been explained by considering the structural defects located at ED surface fibrils (bi-dimensional ribbons) and the presence of nontronite, an iron-bearing clay mineral embedding the ER fibrils (mono-dimensional rods). ER4G shows a decrease in width of the rod-like fibres due to their partial digestion by SLF leaching, which synchronously dissolves nontronite. The reported results represent a valuable background toward the full comprehension of the morphological mechanisms responsible for potentially damage of lung tissue through the potential relocation of fibers to extrapulmonary sites, increasing the carcinogenic risk to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Matassa
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopaedic Sciences, Section of Human Anatomy, Sapienza University of Rome, Via A. Borelli 50, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Familiari
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopaedic Sciences, Section of Human Anatomy, Sapienza University of Rome, Via A. Borelli 50, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Michela Relucenti
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopaedic Sciences, Section of Human Anatomy, Sapienza University of Rome, Via A. Borelli 50, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Ezio Battaglione
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopaedic Sciences, Section of Human Anatomy, Sapienza University of Rome, Via A. Borelli 50, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Clive Downing
- Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Alessandro Pacella
- Department of Earth Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale A. Moro, 5, I-00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Georgia Cametti
- Institut für Geologie, Universität Bern, Freiestraβe 3, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Paolo Ballirano
- Department of Earth Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale A. Moro, 5, I-00185 Rome, Italy.,Rectorial Laboratory Fibres and Inorganic Particulate, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale A. Moro, 5, I-00185 Rome, Italy
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13
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Pollastri S, D'Acapito F, Trapananti A, Colantoni I, Andreozzi GB, Gualtieri AF. The chemical environment of iron in mineral fibres. A combined X-ray absorption and Mössbauer spectroscopic study. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2015; 298:282-293. [PMID: 26073382 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Revised: 04/14/2015] [Accepted: 05/08/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Although asbestos represents today one of the most harmful contaminant on Earth, in 72% of the countries worldwide only amphiboles are banned while controlled use of chrysotile is allowed. Uncertainty on the potential toxicity of chrysotile is due to the fact that the mechanisms by which mineral fibres induces cyto- and geno-toxic damage are still unclear. We have recently started a long term project aimed at the systematic investigation of the crystal-chemistry, bio-interaction and toxicity of the mineral fibres. This work presents a systematic structural investigation of iron in asbestos and erionite (considered the most relevant mineral fibres of social and/or economic-industrial importance) using synchrotron X-ray absorption and Mössbauer spectroscopy. In all investigated mineral fibres, iron in the bulk structure is found in octahedral sites and can be made available at the surface via fibre dissolution. We postulate that the amount of hydroxyl radicals released by the fibers depends, among other factors, upon their dissolution rate; in relation to this, a ranking of ability of asbestos fibres to generate hydroxyl radicals, resulting from available surface iron, is advanced: amosite > crocidolite ≈ chrysotile > anthophyllite > tremolite. Erionite, with a fairly high toxicity potential, contains only octahedrally coordinated Fe(3+). Although it needs further experimental evidence, such available surface iron may be present as oxide nanoparticles coating and can be a direct cause of generation of hydroxyl radicals when such coating dissolves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Pollastri
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via S. Eufemia 19, I-41121 Modena, Italy.
| | - Francesco D'Acapito
- CNR-IOM-OGG c/o ESRF, GILDA CRG, 71 Rue des Martyrs, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Angela Trapananti
- CNR-IOM-OGG c/o ESRF, GILDA CRG, 71 Rue des Martyrs, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Ivan Colantoni
- Department of Physics, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via della ricerca scientifica 1, I-00133 Roma, Italy
| | - Giovanni B Andreozzi
- Department of Earth Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Alessandro F Gualtieri
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via S. Eufemia 19, I-41121 Modena, Italy
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Sijan Z, Antkiewicz DS, Heo J, Kado NY, Schauer JJ, Sioutas C, Shafer MM. An in vitro alveolar macrophage assay for the assessment of inflammatory cytokine expression induced by atmospheric particulate matter. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2015; 30:836-851. [PMID: 24497439 DOI: 10.1002/tox.21961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2013] [Revised: 01/09/2014] [Accepted: 01/19/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Exposures to air pollution in the form of particulate matter (PM) can result in excess production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the respiratory system, potentially causing both localized cellular injury and triggering a systemic inflammatory response. PM-induced inflammation in the lung is modulated in large part by alveolar macrophages and their biochemical signaling, including production of inflammatory cytokines, the primary mechanism via which inflammation is initiated and sustained. We developed a robust, relevant, and flexible method employing a rat alveolar macrophage cell line (NR8383) which can be applied to routine samples of PM from air quality monitoring sites to gain insight into the drivers of PM toxicity that lead to oxidative stress and inflammation. Method performance was characterized using extracts of ambient and vehicular engine exhaust PM samples. Our results indicate that the reproducibility and the sensitivity of the method are satisfactory and comparisons between PM samples can be made with good precision. The average relative percent difference for all genes detected during 10 different exposures was 17.1%. Our analysis demonstrated that 71% of genes had an average signal to noise ratio (SNR) ≥ 3. Our time course study suggests that 4 h may be an optimal in vitro exposure time for observing short-term effects of PM and capturing the initial steps of inflammatory signaling. The 4 h exposure resulted in the detection of 57 genes (out of 84 total), of which 86% had altered expression. Similarities and conserved gene signaling regulation among the PM samples were demonstrated through hierarchical clustering and other analyses. Overlying the core congruent patterns were differentially regulated genes that resulted in distinct sample-specific gene expression "fingerprints." Consistent upregulation of Il1f5 and downregulation of Ccr7 was observed across all samples, while TNFα was upregulated in half of the samples and downregulated in the other half. Overall, this PM-induced cytokine expression assay could be effectively integrated into health studies and air quality monitoring programs to better understand relationships between specific PM components, oxidative stress activity and inflammatory signaling potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zana Sijan
- Department of Environmental Chemistry and Technology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, 53706, USA
| | - Dagmara S Antkiewicz
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, 53718, USA
| | - Jongbae Heo
- Department of Environmental Chemistry and Technology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, 53706, USA
| | - Norman Y Kado
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California-Davis, Davis, California, USA
- California Environmental Protection Agency, Air Resources Board, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - James J Schauer
- Department of Environmental Chemistry and Technology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, 53706, USA
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, 53718, USA
| | - Constantinos Sioutas
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, 90089, USA
| | - Martin M Shafer
- Department of Environmental Chemistry and Technology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, 53706, USA
- Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53718, USA
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Ruipérez F, Mujika J, Ugalde J, Exley C, Lopez X. Pro-oxidant activity of aluminum: Promoting the Fenton reaction by reducing Fe(III) to Fe(II). J Inorg Biochem 2012; 117:118-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2012.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2012] [Revised: 09/03/2012] [Accepted: 09/03/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Erionite in road gravel associated with interstitial and pleural changes--an occupational hazard in western United States. J Occup Environ Med 2011; 53:892-8. [PMID: 21775901 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0b013e318223d44c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the rate of chest radiographic abnormalities among residents of North Dakota potentially exposed to road gravel containing the fibrous mineral erionite. METHODS Participants (n = 34) completed a questionnaire, chest radiograph, and high resolution computed tomography scan to assess the rate of interstitial and pleural changes consistent with fibrous mineral exposure. RESULTS Interstitial, pleural, or both changes typically associated with asbestos exposure were observed by high resolution computed tomography in seven (21%) individuals. The primary exposure pathway for six of these was from gravel pits, road maintenance, or both. Three participants (8.8%) demonstrated bilateral localized pleural changes with calcification; two of these also had accompanying interstitial changes. All three reported extensive work in gravel pits, road maintenance, or both. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that occupational exposure to erionite contained within road gravel in the United States represents a potential health hazard. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE This study identifies chest radiographic changes among residents of North Dakota occupationally exposed to road gravel containing erionite. Public health officials and physicians in affected areas should be aware of the potential health effects of erionite exposure. Precautionary measures should be taken to limit occupational exposure to gravel containing erionite.
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In Vitro Study of Mutagenesis Induced by Crocidolite-Exposed Alveolar Macrophages NR8383 in Cocultured Big Blue Rat2 Embryonic Fibroblasts. J Toxicol 2010; 2010:323828. [PMID: 20628587 PMCID: PMC2901601 DOI: 10.1155/2010/323828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2009] [Revised: 03/08/2010] [Accepted: 03/18/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Asbestos-induced mutagenicity in the lung may involve reactive oxygen/nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) released by alveolar macrophages. With the aim of proposing an alternative in vitro mutagenesis test, a coculture system of rat alveolar macrophages (NR8383) and transgenic Big Blue Rat2 embryonic fibroblasts was developed and tested with a crocidolite sample. Crocidolite exposure induced no detectable increase in ROS production from NR8383, contrasting with the oxidative burst that occurred following a brief exposure (1 hour) to zymosan, a known macrophage activator. In separated cocultures, crocidolite and zymosan induced different changes in the gene expressions involved in cellular inflammation in NR8383 and Big Blue. In particular, both particles induced up-regulation of iNOS expression in Big Blue, suggesting the formation of potentially genotoxic nitrogen species. However, crocidolite exposure in separated or mixed cocultures induced no mutagenic effects whereas an increase in Big Blue mutants was detected after exposure to zymosan in mixed cocultures. NR8383 activation by crocidolite is probably insufficient to induce in vitro mutagenic events. The mutagenesis assay based on the coculture of NR8383 and Big Blue cannot be used as an alternative in vitro method to assess the mutagenic properties of asbestos fibres.
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Shafer MM, Perkins DA, Antkiewicz DS, Stone EA, Quraishi TA, Schauer JJ. Reactive oxygen species activity and chemical speciation of size-fractionated atmospheric particulate matter from Lahore, Pakistan: an important role for transition metals. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 12:704-15. [PMID: 20445860 DOI: 10.1039/b915008k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this study a sensitive macrophage-based in vitro reactive oxygen species (ROS) assay was coupled with chemical fractionation tools and a year-long sampling program to further our understanding of the role of water-soluble metals in aerosol toxicity. The location is the polluted urban environment of Lahore, Pakistan, where we collected 24 h PM10 and PM2.5 samples every 6(th) day from January 2007 through January 2008. The intrinsic (i.e. particulate matter (PM) mass-normalized) toxicity of the Lahore aerosol, representative of highly polluted developing nations, is compared with toxicity of aerosols from several urban environments in the USA. The monthly patterns of PM2.5 and PM10 water-soluble aerosol ROS-activity were similar with maxima in fall and mid-late winter, and minima over the period April through August and in early winter. Coarse PM ROS-activity was a consistent and significant component (42 +/- 13%) of total activity. The intrinsic activity of the PM2.5 and coarse PM was remarkably similar in a given month. Chelex treatment of the Lahore PM extracts removed a very large and consistent fraction of the water-soluble ROS-activity (96.5 +/- 2.8% for the PM10). Desferrioxamine (DFO) treatment of these extracts also removed a large and relatively consistent fraction of the water-soluble ROS-activity (87.8 +/- 5.3%). Taken together, the DFO and Chelex data imply that transition metals, particularly iron, are major factors mediating ROS-activity of water extracts of the Lahore PM. Statistical modeling (step-wise linear regression and cluster analysis) identified a small subset of metals (Mn, Co, Fe, Ni) as the potential ROS-active species. Several water-soluble "trace" metals present at very high concentrations in the PM extracts (Zn, Pb, Cd), that were effectively removed on Chelex, but are not redox-active, exhibited relatively poor correlations with ROS. The median intrinsic water-soluble ROS-activity measured in the Lahore PM was more than an order-of-magnitude greater than that measured in aerosols from the Long Beach/Los Angeles region and approximately 4-fold greater than the activity of Denver area PM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin M Shafer
- Environmental Chemistry and Technology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 660 North Park Street, WI 53706, USA.
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Cardile V, Lombardo L, Belluso E, Panico A, Renis M, Gianfagna A, Balazy M. Fluoro-edenite fibers induce expression of Hsp70 and inflammatory response. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2008; 4:195-202. [PMID: 17911657 PMCID: PMC3731634 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph2007030001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Many asbestos-like mineral fibers have been detected in the air of mountainous and volcanic areas of Italy and other parts of the world. These fibers have been suspected to be the cause of increased incidences of lung cancer and other lung diseases in these areas. However, the mechanisms of the cellular response and defense following exposure to these microscopic fibers have not been characterized. We continue to study these mechanisms to be able to propose preventive strategies in large populations. The objective of the present study was to determine comparatively biological responses of mesothelial Met-5A and monocyte-macrophage J774 cells following exposure to two types of fluoro-edenite fibers having low and high iron content (labeled 19 and 27, respectively) obtained from Biancavilla (Sicily, Italy). The reference fiber was a non-iron fibrous tremolite from Val di Susa (Piemonte, Italy). The cells were treated with 5, 50, and 100 μg of fibrous matter per 1 ml for 72 hr. We identified several key mechanisms by which cells responded and counteracted the injury induced by these fibers. The fibers caused induction of the heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70), stimulated formation of reactive oxygen species (detected by using DCFH-DA as a fluorescent probe) and NO• (measured as nitrite). Exposure of cells to the fibers induced lactate dehydrogenase activity and decreased viability. The fluoro-endenite type 27 was the most potent fiber tested, which indicated that iron and possibly manganese contribute significantly to this fiber toxicity. The J774 cells were more sensitive to fluoro-edenite than Met-5A cells suggesting that the primary site of the fiber-induced inflammatory response could be the macrophage rather than the pulmonary epithelium. Fluoro-edenite produces more biological alterations with respect to non-iron tremolite. Hsp70 and free radicals could be important factors in the context of mineral fiber-induced acute lung injury leading possibly to mutagenic effects. We anticipate that pharmacological blockade of the fiber-dependent cellular responses could in long term offer preventive approach to combat lung diseases induced by these fibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venera Cardile
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Catania, V.le A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania,
Italy
- Correspondence to Dr. Venera Cardile; E-mail: or Dr. Michael Balazy; E-mail:
| | - Laura Lombardo
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Catania, V.le A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania,
Italy
| | - Elena Belluso
- Department of Mineralogical and Petrological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy, CNR IGG-Sezione I Torino,
Italy
| | - Annamaria Panico
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Catania, Catania,
Italy
| | - Marcella Renis
- Department Biological Chemistry, Clinical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Catania,
Italy
| | | | - Michael Balazy
- Department of Pathology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595,
USA
- Correspondence to Dr. Venera Cardile; E-mail: or Dr. Michael Balazy; E-mail:
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Ruda-Eberenz TA, Nagy A, Waldman WJ, Dutta PK. Entrapment of ionic tris(2,2'-bipyridyl) ruthenium(II) in hydrophobic siliceous zeolite: O2 sensing in biological environments. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2008; 24:9140-9147. [PMID: 18642937 DOI: 10.1021/la801204y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Synthesis of the ionic dye, tris(2,2'-bipyridyl) ruthenium(II) chloride (Ru(bpy) 3 2+.2Cl (-)) within the supercages of a highly hydrophobic zeolite Y is reported. Use of the neutral precursor Ru(bpy)Cl 2(CO) 2 allowed for high loading levels of Ru(bpy) 3 2+ (1 per 7 and 25 supercages). The emission quenching of the Ru(bpy) 3 2+-zeolite crystals dispersed in polydimethoxysiloxane (PDMS) films by dissolved oxygen in water was examined. The quenching data as a function of oxygen concentration was fit to a linear Stern-Volmer plot ( R2 = 0.98). Using the Stern-Volmer plot as calibration, changes in concentration of dissolved oxygen due to reaction with glucose in the presence of glucose oxidase was monitored. Human monocyte-derived macrophages internalized the submicron-sized Ru(bpy) 3 2+-zeolite crystals, and intracellular oxygen concentrations initiated by zymosan-mediated oxidative burst could be monitored by measuring the emission from Ru(bpy) 3 2+ by confocal fluorescence microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toni A Ruda-Eberenz
- Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
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23
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The safety of synthetic zeolites used in detergents. Arch Toxicol 2008; 83:23-35. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-008-0327-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2008] [Accepted: 05/27/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Waldman WJ, Kristovich R, Knight DA, Dutta PK. Inflammatory Properties of Iron-Containing Carbon Nanoparticles. Chem Res Toxicol 2007; 20:1149-54. [PMID: 17672513 DOI: 10.1021/tx700008n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory responses following exposure of carbon nanoparticles to human macrophage and endothelial cells were employed as indicators of particulate biological activity. Hundred nanometer carbon particles (nC) with and without nonextractable surface-bound iron were synthesized using a templating approach, and human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM) were exposed to various concentrations of these particulates. Supernatants recovered from MDM 24 h postexposure were assayed for the inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) by a quantitative ELISA and tested for their ability to induce expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) on human endothelial cells (EC) by immunofluorescence flow cytometry. Data generated by these experiments demonstrated that nC-Fe was far more biologically active than nC. In addition, the chemical reactivity of nC-Fe toward decomposition of hydrogen peroxide to form hydroxyl radicals was significantly higher than that of nC and correlated well with the increase in the strength of the inflammatory response, though a direct proof of creation of hydroxyl radicals in the biological system is not provided. Comparison with micrometer-sized carbon and carbon-iron particles suggests that the chemical and biological reactivity is correlated with surface area.
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Affiliation(s)
- W James Waldman
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, 4160 Graves Hall, 333 West 10th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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Bao L, Chen S, Wu L, Hei TK, Wu Y, Yu Z, Xu A. Mutagenicity of diesel exhaust particles mediated by cell-particle interaction in mammalian cells. Toxicology 2006; 229:91-100. [PMID: 17147977 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2006.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2006] [Revised: 10/05/2006] [Accepted: 10/09/2006] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Diesel exhaust particle (DEP) has been identified as a class 2A human carcinogen and closely related to the increased incidence of respiratory allergy, cardiopulmonary morbidity and mortality, and risk of lung cancer. However, the molecular mechanisms of DEP mutagenicity/carcinogenicity are still largely unknown. In the present study, we focused on the mutagenicity of DEPs in human-hamster hybrid (A(L)) cells and evaluated the role of cell-particle interaction in mediating mutagenic process. We found that DEPs formed micron-sized aggregates in the medium and located mainly in large cytoplasmic vacuoles of cells by 24h treatment. The cellular granularity was increased by DEP treatment in a dose-dependent manner. DEPs resulted in a dose-dependent increase of mutation yield at CD59 locus in A(L) cells, while inflicting minimal cytotoxicity. There was a more than two-fold increase of mutation yield at CD59 locus in A(L) cells exposed to DEPs at a dose of 50mug/ml. Such induction was significantly reduced by concurrent treatment with phagocytosis inhibitors, cytochalasin B and ammonium chloride (p<0.05). These results provided direct evidence that DEPs was mutagenic in mammalian cells and that cell-particle interaction played an essential role in the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingzhi Bao
- Key Laboratory of Ion Beam Bioengineering, Institute of Plasma Physics, Hefei, PR China
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Ruda TA, Dutta PK. Fenten chemistry of Fe(III)-exchanged zeolitic minerals treated with antioxidants. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2005; 39:6147-52. [PMID: 16173575 DOI: 10.1021/es050336e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Respirable mineral fibers, such as asbestos, are known to cause pleural mesothelioma, pulmonary fibrosis, and bronchial carcinoma, often years after exposure. Erionite and mordenite, two mineral aluminosilicates (zeolites) with different toxicities, can be used as models to help understand asbestos toxicity. Erionite is carcinogenic, while mordenite is relatively benign. No iron is typically present in erionite or mordenite, but because of their ion-exchange properties they can acquire iron after inhalation. The iron is typically in the Fe(III) form and will need to be reduced prior to any Fenton activity. Lung lining fluid contains antioxidants, such as glutathione (GSH) and ascorbic acid (AA), which can reduce Fe(III) to Fe(II). In this study, we have compared the Fenton reactivity of Fe(III)-exchanged erionite and mordenite after treatment with antioxidants. The Fenton assay involved the reaction of hydroxyl radicals with dimethyl sulfoxide. Fenton reactivity was most marked with AA followed by GSH, and hydrogen peroxide also exhibited minor reactivity. Erionite generated an order of magnitude greater hydroxyl radicals than mordenite, normalized to the surface iron content, providing support for the hypothesis that the iron coordination at the mineral surface plays a significant role in bioactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toni A Ruda
- Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
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Long JF, Waldman WJ, Kristovich R, Williams M, Knight D, Dutta PK. Comparison of ultrastructural cytotoxic effects of carbon and carbon/iron particulates on human monocyte-derived macrophages. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2005; 113:170-174. [PMID: 15687054 PMCID: PMC1277860 DOI: 10.1289/ehp.7389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2004] [Accepted: 11/22/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we tested the hypothesis that the presence of iron in carbon particulates enhances ultrastructural perturbation in human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) after phagocytosis. We used 1-microm synthetic carbon-based particulates, designed to simulate environmental particulates of mass median aerodynamic diameter < or = 2.5 microm (PM2.5). Cultures of human MDMs or T-lymphocytes (as a nonphagocytic control) were exposed to carbon or carbon/iron particulates for various time periods and examined by transmission electron microscopy for ultrastructural changes. T-cells failed to internalize either of the particulates and showed no organelle or nuclear changes. Conversely, MDMs avidly phagocytized the particulates. MDMs treated with C particulates exhibited morphologic evidence of macrophage activation but no evidence of lysis of organelles. In contrast, MDMs treated with C/Fe particulates exhibited coalescence of particulate-containing lysosomes. This phenomenon was not observed in the case of C particulates. By 24 hr there was a tendency of the C/Fe particulates to agglomerate into loose or compact clusters. Surrounding the compact C/Fe agglomerates was a uniform zone of nearly total organelle lysis. The lytic changes diminished in proportion to the distance from the agglomerate. In such cells, the nucleus showed loss of chromatin. Although C particles induced no detectable oxidative burst on treated MDMs, C/Fe particles induced a nearly 5-fold increase in the extracellular oxidative burst by treated MDMs compared with untreated controls. Iron bound to C particles catalyzed the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide to generate hydroxyl radicals. Results of these studies suggest that, among particulates of similar size, biologic activity can vary profoundly as a function of particulate physicochemical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- John F Long
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.
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Fach E, Kristovich R, Long JF, Waldman WJ, Dutta PK, Williams MV. The effect of iron on the biological activities of erionite and mordenite. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2003; 29:451-458. [PMID: 12705942 DOI: 10.1016/s0160-4120(02)00193-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological data has demonstrated that environmental and/or occupational exposure to mineral particulates may result in the development of pulmonary fibrosis, bronchogenic carcinoma and malignant mesothelioma many years following exposure. It has been suggested that the genotoxic effects of fibrous particulates, such as asbestos, is due in part to the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) from iron associated with the particulates. However, the molecular mechanisms by which mineral particulates induce ROS that results in genotoxic damage remains unclear. The naturally occurring zeolites, erionite and mordenite share several physiochemical properties but they elicit very different biological responses, with erionite, a fibrous particulate, being highly toxic, and mordenite, a nonfibrous particulate, being relatively benign. We are using these natural zeolites as a model system to determine what physicochemical properties of these zeolites are responsible for their biological response(s) and to evaluate the parameters that influence these responses. The purpose of the present study was to determine the mutagenic potential of erionite and mordenite and to determine whether this mutagenic potential was modulated by iron. The results of this study using the Chinese hamster ovary cell line AS52 demonstrated that erionite was more cytotoxic than mordenite. However, the cytotoxicity of both zeolites was increased in the presence of physiological concentrations of ferrous chloride. Ferrous ions (5-20 microM) significantly (p<0.001) increased the cytotoxicity of mordenite, but only at the highest concentration (16 microg/cm(2)) of mordenite tested. Conversely, only the highest concentration (20 microM) of ferrous ion significantly (p<0.001) increased the cytotoxicity of erionite, but this enhanced cytotoxicity occurred over a wider concentration range (6-16 microg/cm(2)) of erionite. Mordenite was not mutagenic at any of the concentrations tested, and the mutagenic potential of mordenite was not enhanced by the addition of ferrous ion. Conversely, erionite was mutagenic in a dose-response manner at concentrations greater than 6 microg/cm(2) and the mutagenic potential of erionite was significantly enhanced by the addition of ferrous ions. These results suggest that while the cytotoxicity of mordenite and erionite may be related to the ability of these fibers to transport iron into a cell, the different coordination state of iron associated with the two fiber surfaces is critical for inducing genotoxic damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estelle Fach
- Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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