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Lorenzetti DM, Freitas JP, Mazaro RD, Beckenkamp MB, Weiblen C, de Azevedo MI, Denardi LB, Santurio JM, Kommers GD, Tonin AA, Fighera RA. Invasive candidiasis in dogs: A case report and review of the literature. J Mycol Med 2024; 34:101502. [PMID: 39173425 DOI: 10.1016/j.mycmed.2024.101502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
Invasive candidiasis is characterized by the systemic dissemination of Candida spp. and colonization of multiple organs. We are reporting a case of invasive candidiasis in a 3.5-year-old female mixed-breed dog with a history of limb injury. After clinical evaluation and complementary examinations a sepsis diagnose was established. The patient remained hospitalized under antibiotic therapy, dying three days later. Necropsy revealed white, nodular (pyogranulomas), and multifocal areas on the liver, button ulcers in the stomach and intestines, and a random lung consolidation. Impression smears were made from the liver and lung surface lesions during necropsy showing yeast and pseudohyphae structures. Fragments of these organs were sent for fungal culture and subsequent molecular etiologic characterization, identifying it as Candida albicans. Histological examination of different organs showed pyogranulomatous inflammation surrounding the necrosis areas, which were full of yeast and pseudohyphae, as evidenced by periodic acid Schiff and immunohistochemistry. Neutropenia, as a consequence of sepsis, associated with the use of antibiotics may have allowed yeast invasion and proliferation in the mucosa of the gastrointestinal tract, reaching the liver and lungs through hematogenous route. Invasive candidiasis is a rare canine disease, and no other cases of neutropenia associated with antibiotic therapy, as a predisposing factors, have been reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas M Lorenzetti
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima 1000, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil.
| | - João P Freitas
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima 1000, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Renata D Mazaro
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima 1000, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Marina B Beckenkamp
- Programa de Residência, Clínica de Pequenos Animais, Hospital Veterinário Universitário, Centro de Ciências Rurais (CCR), UFSM, Av. Roraima 1000, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Carla Weiblen
- Laboratório de Pesquisas Micológicas (LAPEMI), Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde (CCS), UFSM, Av. Roraima 1000, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Maria I de Azevedo
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Laura B Denardi
- Laboratório de Pesquisas Micológicas (LAPEMI), Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde (CCS), UFSM, Av. Roraima 1000, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Jânio M Santurio
- Laboratório de Pesquisas Micológicas (LAPEMI), Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde (CCS), UFSM, Av. Roraima 1000, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Glaucia D Kommers
- Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária (LPV), Departamento de Patologia, CCS, UFSM, Brazil
| | - Alexandre A Tonin
- Medicina Veterinária, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Amazonas (IFAM), Campus Manaus Zona Leste, Av. Cosme Ferreira 8045, Manaus, AM, 69083-000, Brazil
| | - Rafael A Fighera
- Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária (LPV), Departamento de Patologia, CCS, UFSM, Brazil
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Royaux E, Corbetta D, Czerwiñska M, Gosling F, Genain M. Clinicopathological and diagnostic imaging findings in a dog with neurocandidiasis. J Vet Intern Med 2024; 38:2362-2367. [PMID: 38769641 PMCID: PMC11256180 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.17093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurocandidiasis is systemic candidiasis with central nervous system involvement. This case report describes the clinical presentation, diagnostic test results, and histopathology of a dog with neurocandidiasis. A 3-year-old German shepherd dog was presented for a 3-day history of abnormal mentation, neck pain, and ataxia. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan of the brain revealed multifocal, small, round, intra-axial lesions within the forebrain. Examination of the cerebrospinal fluid revealed severe neutrophilic inflammation. Extensive testing for infectious diseases was negative. The dog was administered immunosuppressive doses of corticosteroids. The dog's clinical signs improved transiently but got worse 12 days after starting the treatment. Repeat MRI scan revealed multiple, intra-axial, target-like nodular lesions scattered throughout the brain parenchyma. In the temporal muscles, nodules were seen. Cytology of the fine needle aspirates of the nodules in the temporal muscles revealed a neutrophilic inflammation with hyalohyphomycosis. Postmortem examination was compatible with a severe systemic fungal infection. Candida albicans was isolated from the brain, kidney, and heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Royaux
- Davies Veterinary Specialists part of Linnaeus Veterinary LimitedHitchinUnited Kingdom
| | - Davide Corbetta
- The Queen's Veterinary Hospital, University of CambridgeCambridgeUnited Kingdom
| | - Monika Czerwiñska
- Davies Veterinary Specialists part of Linnaeus Veterinary LimitedHitchinUnited Kingdom
| | - Fiona Gosling
- Veterinary Pathology Group (VPG)HitchinUnited Kingdom
| | - Marie‐Aude Genain
- Cambridge Veterinary School, Veterinary MedicineCambridgeUnited Kingdom
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Headley SA, Gomes ALPL, Martinelli TM, Fritzen JTT, Teixeira Vanzela AL, Silva FHP, Gaspar T, Giordano LGP, Alfieri AA, Gomes LA. The pathology of canine mammary candidiasis with embolic dissemination in a dog. Microb Pathog 2023; 185:106424. [PMID: 37913829 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Candidiasis is a fungal disease caused by Candida albicans or other members of the genus Candida. Descriptions of candidiasis are comparatively reduced in veterinary relative to human medicine, with no cases of mammary candidiasis being identified in pet animals. This report presents the cytological, pathological, and molecular findings of mammary candidiasis with embolic dissemination in a postpartum dog. A 1-year-old, female Shih-tzu dog that had recently given birth was admitted to a veterinary teaching hospital in Southern Brazil after repeated episodes of intermittent mammary disease and a neurological syndrome. The dog was euthanized due to worsened clinical status and poor prognosis despite adequate clinical therapy and was submitted for routine post-mortem evaluation to determine the cause of the neurological manifestations. Cytological analysis of purulent mastitis identified intralesional fungal hyphae. Gross evaluation revealed multiple masses within the kidneys, liver, myocardium, pancreas, and brain. Routine histopathology and histochemistry identified fungal nephritis, hepatitis, myocarditis, pancreatitis, and encephalitis associated with intralesional fungal hyphae, frequently with fungal emboli and vasculitis. Pure cultures of C. albicans were obtained from fragments of the masses observed at the myocardium and kidneys, with the typical germ tube of C. albicans being identified by microscopic evaluation. A PCR assay that targeted the ITS1 and 4 generic regions of fungi, amplified the desired amplicon, and direct sequencing confirmed C. albicans. Immunohistochemical and molecular assays designed to identify common infectious disease pathogens of dogs did not confirm the participation of canine distemper virus, canine parvovirus, or canine adenovirus in the target tissues of this dog. These findings suggest that this dog suffered an initial cutaneous lesion, that probably served as portal of entry to the mammary gland, resulting in mammary candidiasis with subsequent embolic dissemination to multiple organs. This report represent the first description of mammary candidiasis in pet animals and probably one of the few pathological descriptions of mammary candidiasis in domestic animals. In this case, the cause of the fungal infection was probably associated with factors intrinsic to abdominal surgery, pregnancy, and the utilization of antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selwyn Arlington Headley
- Laboratory of Animal Pathology, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Paraná, Brazil; Multi-User Animal Health Laboratory (LAMSA), Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Ana Laura Paulino Leite Gomes
- Laboratory of Animal Pathology, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Tayná Mesias Martinelli
- Small Animal Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinics, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Juliana Torres Tomazi Fritzen
- Laboratory of Animal Virology, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Ana Laura Teixeira Vanzela
- Small Animal Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinics, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Flavia Helena Pereira Silva
- Laboratory of Animal Pathology, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Taís Gaspar
- Small Animal Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinics, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Lucienne Garcia Pretto Giordano
- Laboratory of Animal Mycology, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Amauri Alcindo Alfieri
- Multi-User Animal Health Laboratory (LAMSA), Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Paraná, Brazil; Laboratory of Animal Virology, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Lucas Alecio Gomes
- Small Animal Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinics, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
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Willmann M, Yuzbasiyan-Gurkan V, Marconato L, Dacasto M, Hadzijusufovic E, Hermine O, Sadovnik I, Gamperl S, Schneeweiss-Gleixner M, Gleixner KV, Böhm T, Peter B, Eisenwort G, Moriggl R, Li Z, Jawhar M, Sotlar K, Jensen-Jarolim E, Sexl V, Horny HP, Galli SJ, Arock M, Vail DM, Kiupel M, Valent P. Proposed Diagnostic Criteria and Classification of Canine Mast Cell Neoplasms: A Consensus Proposal. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:755258. [PMID: 34957277 PMCID: PMC8702826 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.755258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mast cell neoplasms are one of the most frequently diagnosed malignancies in dogs. The clinical picture, course, and prognosis vary substantially among patients, depending on the anatomic site, grade and stage of the disease. The most frequently involved organ is the skin, followed by hematopoietic organs (lymph nodes, spleen, liver, and bone marrow) and mucosal sites of the oral cavity and the gastrointestinal tract. In cutaneous mast cell tumors, several grading and staging systems have been introduced. However, no comprehensive classification and no widely accepted diagnostic criteria have been proposed to date. To address these open issues and points we organized a Working Conference on canine mast cell neoplasms in Vienna in 2019. The outcomes of this meeting are summarized in this article. The proposed classification includes cutaneous mast cell tumors and their sub-variants defined by grading- and staging results, mucosal mast cell tumors, extracutaneous/extramucosal mast cell tumors without skin involvement, and mast cell leukemia (MCL). For each of these entities, diagnostic criteria are proposed. Moreover, we have refined grading and staging criteria for mast cell neoplasms in dogs based on consensus discussion. The criteria and classification proposed in this article should greatly facilitate diagnostic evaluation and prognostication in dogs with mast cell neoplasms and should thereby support management of these patients in daily practice and the conduct of clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Willmann
- Department/Hospital for Companion Animals and Horses, Clinic for Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- *Correspondence: Michael Willmann
| | - Vilma Yuzbasiyan-Gurkan
- Comparative Medicine and Integrative Biology Program, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Laura Marconato
- Department of Veterinary Medical Science, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Italy
| | - Mauro Dacasto
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Emir Hadzijusufovic
- Department/Hospital for Companion Animals and Horses, Clinic for Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Olivier Hermine
- Department of Hematology, Imagine Institute Université de Paris, INSERM U1163, CEREMAST, Necker Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Irina Sadovnik
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Susanne Gamperl
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mathias Schneeweiss-Gleixner
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Karoline V. Gleixner
- Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Böhm
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Barbara Peter
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gregor Eisenwort
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Richard Moriggl
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Zhixiong Li
- Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology, and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hanover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - Mohamad Jawhar
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Karl Sotlar
- Institute of Pathology, Paracelsus Medical University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Erika Jensen-Jarolim
- Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- The Interuniversity Messerli Research Institute, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University Vienna, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Veronika Sexl
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Hans-Peter Horny
- Institute of Pathology, Paracelsus Medical University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
- Institute of Pathology, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | - Stephen J. Galli
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Michel Arock
- Laboratory of Hematology, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - David M. Vail
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
- Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Matti Kiupel
- Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Peter Valent
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Levy A, Harran N, Hammer M, Bennaim M. Fungal osteomyelitis caused by
Candida glabrata
in a Groenendael dog. VETERINARY RECORD CASE REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1136/vetreccr-2020-001329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alice Levy
- Department of Diagnostic ImagingAquivet Centre Hospitalier VétérinaireEysinesNouvelle‐AquitaineFrance
| | - Nathaniel Harran
- Department of Diagnostic ImagingAquivet Centre Hospitalier VétérinaireEysinesNouvelle‐AquitaineFrance
| | - Meike Hammer
- Department of SurgeryAquivet Centre Hospitalier VétérinaireEysinesNouvelle‐AquitaineFrance
| | - Michael Bennaim
- Department of Internal MedicineAquivet Centre Hospitalier VétérinaireEysinesNouvelle‐AquitaineFrance
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Dworecka-Kaszak B, Biegańska MJ, Dąbrowska I. Occurrence of various pathogenic and opportunistic fungi in skin diseases of domestic animals: a retrospective study. BMC Vet Res 2020; 16:248. [PMID: 32680509 PMCID: PMC7367223 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-020-02460-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Fungal infection of animals or humans are common all over the world. Some of microorganisms like fungi, exist on the skin and can be transmitted onto other individuals, other animal species or even humans and cause skin infections. Moreover, they can be the causative agents of severe generalized infections especially in immunocompromised individuals. The study aimed to evaluate the most frequent etiological agents of skin diseases and to compare the prevalence of animal fungal infections in Poland, and to discuss the possibility of transmission to humans in Poland. Results The obtained results are culture based. The fungi most frequently isolated from group of animals with skin lesions were Malassezia pachydermatis (29.14%), and Candida yeasts (27.07%), and dermatophytes (23.5%), including Microsporum canis as majority of them (59.25%), and Trichophyton genus (40.7%), most of them T. mentagrophytes, while Malassezia pachydermatis represented (80%) of isolates in animals with otitis externa. In over 19% of positive fungal cultures obtained from external ear canals Candida yeasts, mainly C. albicans, were identified. Conclusions Dermatomycoses in companion animals are caused by both, mycelial fungi and yeasts. Most frequently isolated were Malassezia pachydermatis and Candida spp. Dermatophytes (Trichophyton, Microsporum), were also cultured, but the total number of these isolates seems to decrease. We have not found Cryptococcus neoformans in tested clinical samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bożena Dworecka-Kaszak
- Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ciszewskiego 8, 02-784, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Małgorzata J Biegańska
- Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ciszewskiego 8, 02-784, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Iwona Dąbrowska
- Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ciszewskiego 8, 02-784, Warsaw, Poland
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7
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Cordeiro RDA, Sales JA, Castelo-Branco DDSCM, Brilhante RSN, Ponte YBD, dos Santos Araújo G, Mendes PBL, Pereira VS, Alencar LPD, Pinheiro ADQ, Sidrim JJC, Rocha MFG. Candida parapsilosis complex in veterinary practice: A historical overview, biology, virulence attributes and antifungal susceptibility traits. Vet Microbiol 2017; 212:22-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2017.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2017] [Revised: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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8
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Willems N, Houwers DJ, Schlotter YM, Theelen B, Boekhout T. Disseminated Candidiasis in a Young, Previously Healthy, Dog and Review of Literature. Mycopathologia 2016; 182:591-596. [PMID: 27905002 PMCID: PMC5425501 DOI: 10.1007/s11046-016-0092-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Background The reports on disseminated candidiasis in dogs so far describe at least one predisposing factor. This case report, however, highlights candidiasis in a dog without any known predisposition. Patient A 1.5-year-old intact female Hovawart dog was presented with subcutaneous nodules and polyuria/polydipsia. An excisional biopsy revealed a chronic pyogranulomatous and necrotizing inflammation with mycotic structures. The patient became febrile and lethargic, and developed lameness. Methods A physical examination, blood tests, urinalysis, thoracic radiographs, abdominal ultrasonography of the abdomen, fine-needle aspiration biopsies, and a culture of a subcutaneous nodule aspirate were obtained. Selected sections of multiple organs were collected for routine histology postmortem. The isolate and a subcutaneous mass were subjected to molecular identification and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF–MS) analysis. Results Clinical, laboratory, and radiological findings were consistent with a granulomatous chronic systemic inflammation. Cytology and histology showed a pyogranulomatous and necrotizing inflammation with myriads of intra- and extra-cellular yeasts and extracellular hyphae. Culture yielded numerous yeast colonies, which appeared Candida albicans–like, but showed a negative serum test and a low identification in API 20 C AUX. Nucleic acid sequences showed homology with the C. albicans-type strain CBS 562. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) resulted in a new type with designation DST121. The identification of the isolates was confirmed by MALDI-TOF–MS analysis. Conclusion and Clinical Importance Future MLST typing and investigation of virulence can provide further evidence whether this MLST-type is associated with clinical cases of disseminated candidiasis without an apparent predisposing condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Willems
- Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 108, 3584 CM, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Dirk J Houwers
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, 3584 CL, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Yvette M Schlotter
- Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 108, 3584 CM, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Bart Theelen
- Department of Yeast and Basidiomycete Research, CBS Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Teun Boekhout
- Department of Yeast and Basidiomycete Research, CBS Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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9
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Ramirez-Garcia A, Rementeria A, Aguirre-Urizar JM, Moragues MD, Antoran A, Pellon A, Abad-Diaz-de-Cerio A, Hernando FL. Candida albicans and cancer: Can this yeast induce cancer development or progression? Crit Rev Microbiol 2014; 42:181-93. [PMID: 24963692 DOI: 10.3109/1040841x.2014.913004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
There is currently increasing concern about the relation between microbial infections and cancer. More and more studies support the view that there is an association, above all, when the causal agents are bacteria or viruses. This review adds to this, summarizing evidence that the opportunistic fungus Candida albicans increases the risk of carcinogenesis and metastasis. Until recent years, Candida spp. had fundamentally been linked to cancerous processes as it is an opportunist pathogen that takes advantage of the immunosuppressed state of patients particularly due to chemotherapy. In contrast, the most recent findings demonstrate that C. albicans is capable of promoting cancer by several mechanisms, as described in the review: production of carcinogenic byproducts, triggering of inflammation, induction of Th17 response and molecular mimicry. We underline the need not only to control this type of infection during cancer treatment, especially given the major role of this yeast species in nosocomial infections, but also to find new therapeutic approaches to avoid the pro-tumor effect of this fungal species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Aize Pellon
- a Department of Immunology, Microbiology, and Parasitology
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10
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Molecular fractionation and characterization of a Candida albicans fraction that increases tumor cell adhesion to hepatic endothelium. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2011; 92:133-45. [PMID: 21858674 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-011-3540-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2011] [Revised: 07/27/2011] [Accepted: 08/05/2011] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Systemic candidiasis remains a major complication among patients suffering from hematological malignancies and favors the development of hepatic metastasis. To contribute to the understanding of the underlying mechanisms, the aim of this study was to identify molecules that may increase tumor cell adhesion to hepatic endothelial cells. To this end, a well-established in vitro model was used to determine the enhancement of tumor cell adhesion induced by Candida albicans and its fractions. Different fractions were obtained according to their molecular weight (M(r)) (five) or to their isoelectric point (pI) (four), using preparative electrophoresis and preparative isoelectric focusing, respectively, followed by affinity chromatography. The fraction that most enhanced melanoma cell adhesion to endothelium had an M(r) range from 45 to 66 kDa. It was characterized using two-dimensional electrophoresis, and 14 proteins were identified by peptide mass fingerprinting: Dor14p, Fba1p, Pdi1p, Pgk1p, Idh2p, Mpg1p, Sfa1p, Ape3p, Ilv5p, Tuf1p, Act1p, Eno1p, Qcr2p, and Adh1p. Of these, several are related to the immunogenic response, and the latter seven belonged to the most reactive fraction according to their pI range, from 5 to 5.6. These findings could represent a step forward in the search for new targets, to suppress the pro-metastatic effect of C. albicans.
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