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Ambaye TG, Hassani A, Vaccari M, Franzetti A, Prasad S, Formicola F, Rosatelli A, Rehman MZU, Mohanakrishna G, Ganachari SV, Aminabhavi TM, Rtimi S. Emerging technologies for the removal of pesticides from contaminated soils and their reuse in agriculture. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 362:142433. [PMID: 38815812 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Pesticides are becoming more prevalent in agriculture to protect crops and increase crop yields. However, nearly all pesticides used for this purpose reach non-target crops and remain as residues for extended periods. Contamination of soil by widespread pesticide use, as well as its toxicity to humans and other living organisms, is a global concern. This has prompted us to find solutions and develop alternative remediation technologies for sustainable management. This article reviews recent technological developments for remediating pesticides from contaminated soil, focusing on the following major points: (1) The application of various pesticide types and their properties, the sources of pesticides related to soil pollution, their transport and distribution, their fate, the impact on soil and human health, and the extrinsic and intrinsic factors that affect the remediation process are the main points of focus. (2) Sustainable pesticide degradation mechanisms and various emerging nano- and bioelectrochemical soil remediation technologies. (3) The feasible and long-term sustainable research and development approaches that are required for on-site pesticide removal from soils, as well as prospects for applying them directly in agricultural fields. In this critical analysis, we found that bioremediation technology has the potential for up to 90% pesticide removal from the soil. The complete removal of pesticides through a single biological treatment approach is still a challenging task; however, the combination of electrochemical oxidation and bioelectrochemical system approaches can achieve the complete removal of pesticides from soil. Further research is required to remove pesticides directly from soils in agricultural fields on a large-scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teklit Gebregiorgis Ambaye
- Department of Civil, Environmental, Architectural Engineering and Mathematics, University of Brescia, Via Branze 43, Brescia, 25123, Italy; Department of Environment and Resource Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, 2800, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Aydin Hassani
- Department of Materials Science and Nanotechnology Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Near East University, 99138 Nicosia, TRNC, Mersin 10, Turkey; Research Center for Science, Technology and Engineering (BILTEM), Near East University, 99138 Nicosia, TRNC, Mersin 10, Turkey
| | - Mentore Vaccari
- Department of Civil, Environmental, Architectural Engineering and Mathematics, University of Brescia, Via Branze 43, Brescia, 25123, Italy
| | - Andrea Franzetti
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences-DISAT, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza Della Scienza 1 Milano, 20126, Italy
| | - Shiv Prasad
- Division of Environment Science, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Francesca Formicola
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences-DISAT, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza Della Scienza 1 Milano, 20126, Italy
| | - Asia Rosatelli
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences-DISAT, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza Della Scienza 1 Milano, 20126, Italy
| | - Muhammad Zia Ur Rehman
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Gunda Mohanakrishna
- Center for Energy and Environment (CEE), School of Advanced Sciences, KLE Technological University, Hubballi, 580 031, India
| | - Sharanabasava V Ganachari
- Center for Energy and Environment (CEE), School of Advanced Sciences, KLE Technological University, Hubballi, 580 031, India
| | - Tejraj M Aminabhavi
- Center for Energy and Environment (CEE), School of Advanced Sciences, KLE Technological University, Hubballi, 580 031, India; Korea University, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Sami Rtimi
- Global Institute for Water Environment and Health, 1210 Geneva, Switzerland.
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Lewandowska-Wosik A, Chudzińska EM, Wojnicka-Półtorak A. Genotoxic effects of sub-lethal doses of nicotine and acetamiprid in neuroblasts of Drosophila melanogaster and Drosophila suzukii. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 280:116585. [PMID: 38875821 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
Neonicotinoids form a class of insecticides that are chemically related to nicotine and are widely used in crop protection. They have adverse effects on the neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). One of the neonicotinoids approved for control of the invasive pest Drosophila suzukii is acetamiprid. Despite concerns regarding its genotoxicity and data indicating the presence of small amounts of this substance in fruits intended for consumption, effects of its low doses on nerve cells are yet to be investigated. To determine whether the neurotoxic effects are species-specific and vary depending on the insecticide present in diet, multigenerational cultures of Drosophila melanogaster and D. suzukii were prepared, in this study, in media supplemented with different concentrations (below the LC50) of acetamiprid and nicotine. Acetamiprid, analogous to nicotine, caused damage to the DNA of neuroblasts in both species, at sublethal concentrations, along with a decrease in mobility, which remained at a similar level over subsequent generations. D. suzukii was found to be more sensitive to nicotine and acetamiprid, due to which the genotoxic effects were stronger even at lower doses of toxins. The results collectively indicated that even low concentrations of acetamiprid affect the stem cells of developing fly brain, and that long-term response to the tested insecticides is species-specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anetta Lewandowska-Wosik
- Department of Genetic, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Poznan 61-614, Poland.
| | - Ewa Małgorzata Chudzińska
- Department of Genetic, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Poznan 61-614, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Wojnicka-Półtorak
- Department of Genetic, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Poznan 61-614, Poland
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Li Q, Lesseur C, Srirangam P, Kaur K, Hermetz K, Caudle WM, Fiedler N, Panuwet P, Prapamontol T, Naksen W, Suttiwan P, Baumert BO, Hao K, Barr DB, Marsit CJ, Chen J. Associations between prenatal organophosphate pesticide exposure and placental gene networks. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 224:115490. [PMID: 36828252 PMCID: PMC10054353 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to organophosphate (OP) pesticides during pregnancy has been linked to deficiencies of neurobehavioral development in childhood; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying this association remain elusive. The placenta plays a crucial role in protecting the fetus from environmental insults and safeguarding proper fetal development including neurodevelopment. The aim of our study is to evaluate changes in the placental transcriptome associated with prenatal OP exposure. METHODS Pregnant farm workers from two agricultural districts in northern Thailand were recruited for the Study of Asian Women and Offspring's Development and Environmental Exposures (SAWASDEE) from 2017 to 2019. For 254 participants, we measured maternal urinary concentrations of six nonspecific dialkyl phosphates (DAP) metabolites in early, middle, and late pregnancy. In parallel, we profiled the term placental transcriptome from the same participants using RNA-Sequencing and performed Weighted Gene co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA). Generalized linear regression modeling was used to examine associations of urinary OP metabolites and placental co-expression module eigenvalues. RESULTS We identified 21 gene co-expression modules in the placenta. From the six DAP metabolites assayed, diethylphosphate (DEP) and diethylthiophosphate (DETP) were detected in more than 70% of the urine samples. Significant associations between DEP at multiple time points and two specific placental gene modules were observed. The 'black' module, enriched in genes involved in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and hypoxia, was negatively associated with DEP in early (p = 0.034), and late pregnancies (p = 0.016). The 'lightgreen' module, enriched in genes involved in myogenesis and EMT, was negatively associated with DEP in late pregnancy (p = 0.010). We observed 2 hub genes (CELSR1 and PYCR1) of the 'black' module to be negatively associated with DEP in early and late pregnancies. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that prenatal OP exposure may disrupt placental gene networks in a time-dependent manner. Such transcriptomic effects may lead to down-stream changes in placental function that ultimately affect the developing fetus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Li
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Corina Lesseur
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Pranathi Srirangam
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Barnard College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kirtan Kaur
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Karen Hermetz
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - W Michael Caudle
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Nancy Fiedler
- Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Parinya Panuwet
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Tippawan Prapamontol
- Research Institute for Health Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Warangkana Naksen
- Faculty of Public Health, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Panrapee Suttiwan
- Psychology Center of Life-span Development and Intergeneration (LIFE Di), Faculty of Psychology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Brittney O Baumert
- Department of Population and Public Health Science, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90032, USA
| | - Ke Hao
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dana Boyd Barr
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Carmen J Marsit
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jia Chen
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
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Ramezanifar S, Beyrami S, Mehrifar Y, Ramezanifar E, Soltanpour Z, Namdari M, Gharari N. Occupational Exposure to Physical and Chemical Risk Factors: A Systematic Review of Reproductive Pathophysiological Effects in Women and Men. Saf Health Work 2023; 14:17-30. [PMID: 36941939 PMCID: PMC10024186 DOI: 10.1016/j.shaw.2022.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The human reproductive system can be affected by occupational exposure to many physical and chemical risk factors. This study was carried out to review the studies conducted on the issue of the pathophysiological effects of occupational physical and chemical risk factors on the reproductive system of females and males. In this systematic review, the databases such as "Google Scholar," "Pub-Med," "Scopus," and "Web of Science" were used. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA 2020), the studies included in our study were published between 2000 and 2021. In order to extract the required data, all sections of the articles were reviewed. Out of 57 articles we reviewed, 34 articles were related to field studies and 23 articles to clinical studies. Among them, 43 studies dealt with the pathophysiological effects of chemical agents, six studies dealt with the pathophysiological effects of physical factors, and 8 studies dealt with the pathophysiological effects of physicochemical factors on the human reproductive system. Physical (noise, heat, and radiofrequency radiation) and chemical (such as carbamate and organophosphate pesticides, benzene, toluene, xylene, formaldehyde, NO2, CS2, manganese, lead, nickel, and n-hexane) risk factors had pathophysiological effects on the human reproductive system. The presence of these risk factors in the workplace caused damage to the human reproductive system. The rate of these negative pathophysiological effects can be reduced by performing appropriate managerial, technical, and engineering measures in work environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soleiman Ramezanifar
- Student Research Committee, Department of Occupational Health and Safety, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sona Beyrami
- Student Research Committee, Department of Occupational Health and Safety, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Younes Mehrifar
- Student Research Committee, Department of Occupational Health and Safety, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Ramezanifar
- Center of Excellence for Occupational Health and Research, Center of Health Sciences, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Zahra Soltanpour
- Department of Occupational Health and Safety, School of Public Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahshid Namdari
- Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Noradin Gharari
- Department of Occupational Health and Safety, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Corresponding author. Department of Occupational Health and Safety, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Rashidi MA, Mahabadi HA, Khavanin A, Tajik L. The association between blood, urine, respiratory, neurobehavioral parameters and occupational exposure to organophosphorus pesticides: a cross-sectional study among formulators. Afr Health Sci 2022; 22:681-696. [PMID: 36910361 PMCID: PMC9993281 DOI: 10.4314/ahs.v22i3.73] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Organophosphate (OP) pesticides are one of the most extensively used chemical compounds all over the world. Objective The aim of this study is to determine whether occupational exposure of the formulators to the OP pesticides, under normal working conditions, is associated with any hematotoxic, hepatotoxic, nephrotoxic, neurotoxic, and respirotoxic responses among them. Methods 28 OP formulation plant workers and 17 office workers participated in this cross-sectional study as the exposed and control groups, respectively. Blood and urine samples were collected to measure hematological, biochemical, and urinalysis parameters. American thoracic society questionnaire and spirometry tests were employed to assess the function of their respiratory system. Q16 questionnaire was also used to investigate the prevalence of neurobehavioral symptoms. The data were analyzed by SPSS v.22 software using Kolmogorov-Smirnov, T-test, Mann-Whitney U, Chi-square, Fisher, Pearson, and Spearman tests. Results No statistically significant difference was found in hematological, biochemical, urinalysis (except in specific gravity), spirometry parameters, as well as respiratory and neurobehavioral symptoms between the exposed and the control groups. For the exposed group, however, the means of spirometry parameters were significantly lower among the smokers. Conclusions In this study, the expected adverse health effects due to exposure to OP pesticides were not observed among the formulators; however, the risk of developing respiratory dysfunction was found to be more considerable among smoker subjects than the non-smoker ones. Further investigations are required to determine whether formulators' occupational exposures to OP pesticides result in certain adverse health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Amin Rashidi
- Student Research Committee, Department of Occupational Health and Safety, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Asilian Mahabadi
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Khavanin
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Tajik
- Department of Occupational Health and Safety at Work Engineering, School of Health and Nutrition, Nutritional Health Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
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Pyrethroid-linked resistance allelic mutations by molecular analysis in wild human head louse (Phthiraptera: Pediculidae) populations from schoolgirls of South Iran. Parasite Epidemiol Control 2022; 18:e00252. [PMID: 35573893 PMCID: PMC9095884 DOI: 10.1016/j.parepi.2022.e00252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Human head louse, Pediculus humanus capitis De Geer, 1767 (Anoplura: Pediculidae), is one of the most frequent ectoparasites infesting Homo sapiens worldwide. Reduced sensitivity to treatment due to genetic mutations, in particular knockdown resistance (kdr) (or target site insensitivity) allele, has led to this infestation prevalence. Molecular characterization of this resistance has a crucial impact on selecting appropriate treatment protocol. The aim of this study was to investigate kdr gene mutations on voltage-sensitive sodium channel (VSSC) among wild head lice samples from Fars province, southern Iran. Methods Head lice were collected using plastic detection combs on girls enrolled in public schools from 10 counties in Fars province. The specimens were screened in 10 pools (each pool per county containing 35 specimens), with three pools (30%) being positive. Following species identification with valid entomological keys, 350 (68%) out of 514 randomly collected adult head lice were analyzed after their somatic genomic DNA extraction using Sinaclon kit. Samples were investigated by polymerase chain reactions (PCR), and the amplicon was subsequently sequenced. Results Sequence analysis showed that the sodium channel genes in the pooled ectoparasites had two intron and three exon regions. Single (L840F), double (I836L, E837K), and triple novel point mutations (V875L, Q876P, S879V); the last involving two concomitant allelic substitutions; were discovered in the second and third exon regions of head louse DNA on chromosome II from three (30%) counties. Other exon or intron regions remained non-mutated from the remaining seven counties. Conclusions The detection of six amino acid substitutions from 30% of examined head lice among infested schoolgirls reveal that mutants are minutely developing. These findings provide further incentive to recapitulate the legitimacy of current control measures and resolve dynamics of resistance in human head louse populations.
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Olatunji AO, Ayo JO, Suleiman MM, Ambali SF, Shittu M, Akorede GJ, Raji LO, Atata JA, Biobaku KT, Azeez MO. Effect of daflon-500®, a flavonoid compound on chlorpyriphos-induced oxidative changes in the hypophysis and testes in adult male rats. Toxicol Res 2022; 38:345-353. [DOI: 10.1007/s43188-021-00120-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Abbasi E, Vahedi M, Bagheri M, Gholizadeh S, Alipour H, Moemenbellah-Fard MD. Monitoring of synthetic insecticides resistance and mechanisms among malaria vector mosquitoes in Iran: A systematic review. Heliyon 2022; 8:e08830. [PMID: 35128113 PMCID: PMC8808063 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e08830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Revised: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Iran, the prospect of malaria control relies mainly on insecticides used against the genus Anopheles (Diptera: Culicidae) as important vectors of malaria, arboviruses, and so on. Only eight out of 30 malaria mosquito vectors (Anopheles species) have been examined for insecticide resistance in Iran. This study aimed to review articles related to the incremental trend in insecticide resistance and their mechanisms among anopheline malaria vectors in Iran. METHODS A literature review was conducted based on such search engines as Iran doc, Web of Science, SID, PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar websites using the following keywords: "Anopheles," "Malaria," "Resistance," "Vectors," "Insecticide Resistance," and "Iran" for data collection. Published papers in English or Persian covering 1980 to 2020 were reviewed. RESULTS A total of 1125 articles were screened, only 16 of which were filtered to be pertinent in this review. While most of the mosquito vectors of malaria, such as Anopheles stephensi, were resistant to DDT, dieldrin, malathion, and becoming less susceptible to deltamethrin and other synthetic pyrethroid insecticides, few like Anopheles fluviatilis s. l. were susceptible to all insecticides. A disseminating trend in insecticide resistance among different anopheline mosquito vector species was evident. Metabolic and insecticide target-site resistance mechanisms were involved with organochlorines and pyrethroids, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Insecticide resistance is becoming a severe scourge to the effectiveness of vector-borne disease management measures. This event is especially critical in developing and marginalized communities that applied chemical-based vector elimination programs for malaria; therefore, it is crucial to monitor insecticide resistance in malaria vectors in Iran using biochemical and molecular tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebrahim Abbasi
- Student Research Committee, Department of Biology and Control of Disease Vectors, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mozaffar Vahedi
- Student Research Committee, Department of Biology and Control of Disease Vectors, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Bagheri
- Student Research Committee, Department of Biology and Control of Disease Vectors, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Saber Gholizadeh
- School of Public Health, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Hamzeh Alipour
- Research Center for Health Sciences, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Dept. of Biology and Control of Disease Vectors, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Djaefar Moemenbellah-Fard
- Research Center for Health Sciences, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Dept. of Biology and Control of Disease Vectors, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Mustafa M, Dar SA, Azmi S, Haque S. The Role of Environmental Toxicant-Induced Oxidative Stress in Male Infertility. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1391:17-32. [PMID: 36472814 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-12966-7_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Infertility is a serious public health issue affecting around 15% of couples globally. Of the 60-80 million people of reproductive age affected by infertility, 40-50% are due to male factor while 30-40% of cases are still idiopathic. The recent global deterioration in sperm quality raises apprehensions regarding the toxic effects of environmental pollutants on reproductive health of males. Environmental toxicants have shown strong evidences for inducing oxidative stress affecting spermatogenesis severely, thereby leading to reduced sperm motility, count, and DNA damage. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) influences the spermatozoa development and transit process both internally and externally. Low level of ROS is indispensable for critical physiological sperm processes like sperm capacitation, motility, acrosome reaction, hyper-activation, sperm-oocyte interaction, etc., while excessive ROS disrupt antioxidant molecules which is detrimental to normal functioning of the sperm. Hence, identification of potential environmental toxicant may have clinical relevance for early screening and diagnosis of male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mustafa
- Scientific Research Centre, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sajad Ahmad Dar
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarfuddin Azmi
- Scientific Research Centre, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Shafiul Haque
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
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Adıbelli D, Kırca N, Özkan İ. The problems of women working in greenhouse agriculture in rural area in Turkey: A phenomenological study from health and social perspective. HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE IN THE COMMUNITY 2022; 30:203-211. [PMID: 33894079 DOI: 10.1111/hsc.13393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Working in agriculture may cause serious health problems due to heavy working conditions and chemical exposure. This Husserlian phenomenological qualitative study was conducted with 22 women working in greenhouse agriculture to investigate the health and social problem(s). In the evaluation of the data, Colaizzi's seven-step content analysis method and thematic analysis were used. The Kappa analysis was performed with two independent experts to measure the reliability of comparative fit, and the value obtained in the analysis was 1.00 (perfect fit). Based on the content analysis, six themes were defined. All participants indicated that they had different reproductive health-related problems. Some participants stated that their children had respiratory system-related problems and that they were subjected to physical, verbal/emotional and sexual violence by their husbands. It is important to provide health education, counselling services and screening programmes for women who work in greenhouse agriculture and thus are in the at-risk group for poor health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derya Adıbelli
- Department of Public Health Nursing, Kumluca Health Science Faculty, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Nurcan Kırca
- Department of Women Health Nursing, Nursing Faculty, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - İlknur Özkan
- Department of Internal Medicine Nursing, Kumluca Health Science Faculty, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
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Afata TN, Mekonen S, Tucho GT. Evaluating the Level of Pesticides in the Blood of Small-Scale Farmers and Its Associated Risk Factors in Western Ethiopia. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH INSIGHTS 2021; 15:11786302211043660. [PMID: 34531662 PMCID: PMC8438929 DOI: 10.1177/11786302211043660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The presence of agricultural pesticide residue can cause adverse health effects.The main objective of this study was to evaluate the level of pesticides in the blood of small-scale farmers (SSFs) and associated risk factors in western Ethiopia. METHODS Across sectional study was conducted in June 2020 using 240 blood samples, 140 from the exposed small-scale farmers (ESSFs) and 100 from non-exposed small-scale farmers (NESSFs). The blood sample analysis was mad for 5 organochlorines (OCs) and 3 synthetic pyrethroids (SPs) pesticides by gas-liquid chromatography with an electron capture detector (GC-ECD) methods. Extraction, and clean up of the samples were made by using standard analytical methods. To define the relationships between the outcomes and explanatory variables, logistic regression models were used. RESULTS The results shows that p,p'-DDT, heptachlor and deltamethrin were the most frequently detected pesticides with 96.4%, 95%, and 100% in both ESSFs and NESSFs, respectively. The ESSFs blood samples have shown the highest mean concentrations of permethrin and p,p'-DDT(1.26 ± 0.15) and (0.28 ± 0.4) mgL-1, respectively. SSFs under the age of 40 were 21% less likely to be exposed to permethrin than those above the age of 40 (Adjusted Odd Ratio, AOR, 0.21; 95% CI: 0.1-0.44). Male SSFs were 17 times more likely to be exposed to heptachlor than females (AOR, 17.36; 95%CI: 7.34-41.09) and farmers with no formal education were 18 times more likely to be exposed to deltamethrin than those with primary schools and beyond (AOR, 18.1; 95 %CI: 4.53-72.06). Furthermore, SSFs that did not use PPE appropriately were 3.6 and 6.21 times more likely to be exposed to cypermethrin (AOR, 3.6; 95%CI: 1.94-6.54) and p,p'-DDE(AOR, 6.21; 95%CI: 3.38-11.41) blood levels than those who did, respectively. SSFs that perform different activities like eating and drinking (11%), chewing (10%), and diverse activities (8%) were more likely to be exposed to p,p'-DDT than those farmers who didn't use pesticides. CONCLUSIONS This study identified a high concentration p,p'-DDE, p,p'-DDT, heptachlor, cypermethrin, permethrin, and deltamethrin in the blood of small scale farmers. The older age, less education, and farmers with inappropriate PPE use are more likely exposed to pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tariku Neme Afata
- Department of Environmental Health Science and Technology, Jimma University, Ethiopia
- Dambi Dollo Teachers College, Oromia region, Ethiopia
| | - Seblework Mekonen
- Department of Environmental Health Science and Technology, Jimma University, Ethiopia
| | - Gudina Terefe Tucho
- Department of Environmental Health Science and Technology, Jimma University, Ethiopia
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12
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Fucic A, Duca RC, Galea KS, Maric T, Garcia K, Bloom MS, Andersen HR, Vena JE. Reproductive Health Risks Associated with Occupational and Environmental Exposure to Pesticides. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18126576. [PMID: 34207279 PMCID: PMC8296378 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18126576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A marked reduction in fertility and an increase in adverse reproductive outcomes during the last few decades have been associated with occupational and environmental chemical exposures. Exposure to different types of pesticides may increase the risks of chronic diseases, such as diabetes, cancer, and neurodegenerative disease, but also of reduced fertility and birth defects. Both occupational and environmental exposures to pesticides are important, as many are endocrine disruptors, which means that even very low-dose exposure levels may have measurable biological effects. The aim of this review was to summarize the knowledge collected between 2000 and 2020, to highlight new findings, and to further interpret the mechanisms that may associate pesticides with infertility, abnormal sexual maturation, and pregnancy complications associated with occupational, environmental and transplacental exposures. A summary of current pesticide production and usage legislation is also included in order to elucidate the potential impact on exposure profile differences between countries, which may inform prevention measures. Recommendations for the medical surveillance of occupationally exposed populations, which should be facilitated by the biomonitoring of reduced fertility, is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Fucic
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +385-15682500; Fax: +3814673303
| | - Radu C. Duca
- Unit Environmental Hygiene and Human Biological Monitoring, Department of Health Protection, National Health Laboratory, L-3555 Dudelange, Luxembourg;
- Centre for Environment and Health, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Karen S. Galea
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Edinburgh EH14 4AP, UK;
| | - Tihana Maric
- Medical School, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Kelly Garcia
- Department of Global and Community Health, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA; (K.G.); (M.S.B.)
| | - Michael S. Bloom
- Department of Global and Community Health, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA; (K.G.); (M.S.B.)
| | - Helle R. Andersen
- Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5000 Odense C, Denmark;
| | - John E. Vena
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA;
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13
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Sharma N, Thakur P, Chaskar MG. Determination of eight endocrine disruptor pesticides in bovine milk at trace levels by dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction followed by GC-MS determination. J Sep Sci 2021; 44:2982-2995. [PMID: 34085766 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202100183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Endocrine disrupting chemicals are chemicals that interfere with any aspect of the endocrine system. Several natural and synthetic chemicals, including pesticides, have been identified as endocrine disruptors, which potentially inhibit the reproductive activity of the hormonal system. The pervasive occurrence with trace level concentrations and extensive variety are the reported characteristics of these chemicals. In this study, a dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction method coupled with gas chromatography and mass spectrometry for the determination of eight potential endocrine disruptor pesticides (Lindane, Diazinon, Fenitrothion, Malathion, Aldrin, α-Endosulfan, β-Endosulfan, Methoxychlor) in bovine milk samples was developed. Several parameters that can influence the extraction efficiency were studied. Under optimized conditions, the calibration curves of all eight analytes presented coefficient of determination higher than 0.998 (range level of 2.0-1000 ng/mL). The limits of detection and quantification ranged from 0.90 to 5.00 ng/mL and 2.50 to 15.0 ng/mL, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Pragati Thakur
- Department of Chemistry, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Manohar G Chaskar
- Department of Chemistry, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
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14
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Requena-Mullor M, Navarro-Mena A, Wei R, López-Guarnido O, Lozano-Paniagua D, Alarcon-Rodriguez R. Evaluation of Gonadal Alterations in a Population Environmentally Exposed to a Mixture of Endocrine Active Pesticides. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:2355. [PMID: 33670911 PMCID: PMC7957776 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18052355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Although there are studies that show that some pesticides produce gonadal dysfunction and gonadal cancer in different animals, there are not many studiesregardinghumans. This study determined the prevalence and risk in humans of developing ovarian or testicular dysfunction or cancer in areas with distinct exposure to pesticides, which have endocrine disrupting properties. A population-based case-control study was carried out on humans living in ten health districts of Andalusia (Southern Spain) classified as areas of high or low environmental exposure to pesticides according to agronomic criteria. The study population included 5332 cases and 13,606 controls. Data were collected from computerized hospital records between 2000 and 2018.The risk of gonadal dysfunction or cancer was significantly higher in areas with higher use of pesticides in relation to those with lower use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mar Requena-Mullor
- Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain; (M.R.-M.); (D.L.-P.); (R.A.-R.)
| | | | - Ruqiong Wei
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China;
| | - Olga López-Guarnido
- Department of Legal Medicine and Toxicology, Medical School, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - David Lozano-Paniagua
- Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain; (M.R.-M.); (D.L.-P.); (R.A.-R.)
| | - Raquel Alarcon-Rodriguez
- Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain; (M.R.-M.); (D.L.-P.); (R.A.-R.)
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15
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Rani L, Thapa K, Kanojia N, Sharma N, Singh S, Grewal AS, Srivastav AL, Kaushal J. An extensive review on the consequences of chemical pesticides on human health and environment. JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION 2021. [PMID: 0 DOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.124657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 314] [Impact Index Per Article: 104.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
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16
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Egbe TO, Mbaki CN, Tendongfor N, Temfack E, Belley-Priso E. Infertility and associated factors in three hospitals in Douala, Cameroon: a cross-sectional study. Afr Health Sci 2020; 20:1985-1995. [PMID: 34394265 PMCID: PMC8351857 DOI: 10.4314/ahs.v20i4.57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM We determined the prevalence and factors associated with couple infertility in three hospitals in Douala, Cameroon. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study from December 18th 2015 to March 18th 2016 in three public hospitals in Douala. Three hundred and sixty participants were studied prospectively for associated factors using a multivariate logistic regression model and 4732 files were studied retrospectively for the prevalence of infertility. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. RESULTS The prevalence of couple infertility was 19.2%. In logistic models, the factors which independently increased the risk of couple infertility were a history of reproductive tract infection/STI, a history of uterine fibroids, a history of dysmenorrhea and abortion for the females while for males it was a history of mumps, erectile dysfunction and exposure to chemicals/toxic substances/pesticides. CONCLUSION One in every five couples in this study was infertile. Several factors affect the risks associated with couple infertility. The identification of these factors could help detect subgroups of couples at high risk of infertility. Reproductive health education, screening programmes for STI's that may lead to infertility should be offered to couples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Obinchemti Egbe
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Douala General Hospital, Cameroon
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Buea, Cameroon
| | | | | | - Elvis Temfack
- Department of Clinical Research and Internal Medicine, Douala General Hospital
| | - Eugene Belley-Priso
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé, Cameroon
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17
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Sharma A, Shukla A, Attri K, Kumar M, Kumar P, Suttee A, Singh G, Barnwal RP, Singla N. Global trends in pesticides: A looming threat and viable alternatives. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 201:110812. [PMID: 32512419 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Pesticides are widely used chemical compounds in agriculture to destroy insects, pests and weeds. In modern era, they form an indispensable part of agricultural and health practices. Globally, nearly 3 billion kg of pesticides are used every year with a budget of ~40 billion USD. This extensive usage has increased the crop yield as well as led to significant reduction in harvest losses and thereby, enhanced food availability. On the other hand, indiscriminate usage of these chemicals has led to several environmental implications and caused adverse effects on human health. Epidemiological evidences have revealed the harmful effects of pesticides exposure on various organs including liver, brain, lungs and colon. Recent investigations have shown that pesticides can also lead to fatal consequences such as cancer among individuals. These chemicals enter ecosystem, thus hampering the sensitive environmental equilibrium through bio-accumulation. Due to their non-biodegradable nature, they can persist in nature for years and are regarded as potent biohazard. Worldwide, very few surveillance methods have been considered, which can bring awareness among the individuals, therefore the present review is an attempt to delineate consequences induced by various types of pesticide exposure on the environment. Further, the prospective of biopesticides use could facilitate the increase of crop production without compromising human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akanksha Sharma
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India; UIPS, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Ananya Shukla
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India; Department of Biochemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Kriti Attri
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India; Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Mohali, 140306, India
| | - Megha Kumar
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, 500007, India
| | - Puneet Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151001, India
| | - Ashish Suttee
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, India
| | - Gurpal Singh
- UIPS, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | | | - Neha Singla
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India.
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18
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Arıcan EY, Gökçeoğlu Kayalı D, Ulus Karaca B, Boran T, Öztürk N, Okyar A, Ercan F, Özhan G. Reproductive effects of subchronic exposure to acetamiprid in male rats. Sci Rep 2020; 10:8985. [PMID: 32488017 PMCID: PMC7265391 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-65887-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Acetamiprid, a selective agonist of nicotinic acetylcholine recetors, is one of the most widely used neonicotinoids. There is limited data about toxicity of acetamiprid on male reproductive system. Therefore, the study aimed to investigate the reproductive toxic potential of acetamiprid in male rats orally treated with acetamiprid with low (12.5 mg/kg) medium (25 mg/kg) or high dose (35 mg/kg) for 90 days. According to our results, sperm concentration and plasma testosterone levels decreased in dose dependent manner. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), follicle-stimulating hormeone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) levels increased at low and medium dose groups and acetamiprid caused lipid peroxidation and glutathione (GSH) depletion in the testes. Histologic examinations revealed that acetamiprid induced apoptosis in medium and high dose groups and proliferation index dramatically decreased in high dose group. In conclusion, acetamiprid caused toxicity on male reproductive system in the high dose. The mechanism of the toxic effect may be associated with oxidative stress, hormonal disruptions and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emre Yağmur Arıcan
- Istanbul University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, 34116, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Damla Gökçeoğlu Kayalı
- Marmara University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, 34854, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Bahar Ulus Karaca
- Istanbul University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, 34116, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tuğçe Boran
- Istanbul University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, 34116, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Narin Öztürk
- Istanbul University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Istanbul, 34116, Turkey
| | - Alper Okyar
- Istanbul University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Istanbul, 34116, Turkey
| | - Feriha Ercan
- Marmara University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, 34854, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gül Özhan
- Istanbul University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, 34116, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Bagheri A, Bondori A, Allahyari MS, Damalas CA. Modeling farmers' intention to use pesticides: An expanded version of the theory of planned behavior. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 248:109291. [PMID: 31352279 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Numerous studies have been carried out on pesticide handling practices in agriculture, but drivers of farmers' intentions to use pesticides are not well documented. The main purpose of this study was to explore farmers' intention to use pesticides in agriculture, based on an expanded version of the theory of planned behavior (TPB), with knowledge about pesticides and moral norms as additional constructs in the original TPB model. A sample of 400 cereal farmers of irrigated farmlands of Moghan plain, Iran was selected using multistage cluster sampling. Knowledge about pesticides hazards was the most important variable affecting farmers' intention to use pesticides. Knowledge mainly impacted perceived behavioral control of pesticide use and attitude towards pesticides. Thus, high levels of knowledge about pesticides were linked with greater influence of attitudes towards pesticides on farmers' intention. In turn, perceived behavioral control of pesticide use was affected by moral norms, subjective norms, and attitudes towards pesticide use. Moral norms and subjective norms also affected attitudes towards pesticides. Findings offer new evidence on the interrelationship of several variables in forming farmers' intention to use pesticides in the context of the widely used model of the TPB, for which no data are available in the literature. Promoting knowledge about pesticides is a fundamental step for regulating pesticide use among farmers, probably by stabilizing and rendering farmers' attitudes resistant to change. Moral norms and subjective norms can play a role mainly by affecting perceived behavioral control and attitudes towards pesticides. Combination of educational interventions for upgrading general knowledge about pesticides, with training courses, disincentives, and public awareness campaigns relating to pesticides may improve our ability to affect farmers' behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asghar Bagheri
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Iran.
| | - Abolmohammad Bondori
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Iran
| | | | - Christos A Damalas
- Department of Agricultural Development, Democritus University of Thrace, Orestiada, Greece.
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20
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Rostamabadi A, Jahangiri M, Naderi Mansourabadi B, Javid M, Ghorbani M, Banaee S. Prevalence of Chronic Diseases and Occupational Injuries and their Influence on the Health-Related Quality of Life Among Farmers Working in Small-Farm Enterprises. J Agromedicine 2019; 24:248-256. [DOI: 10.1080/1059924x.2019.1592047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Akbar Rostamabadi
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Ashtian Health Care Center, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Jahangiri
- Research Center for Health Science, Institute of Health, Associate Professor, Department of Occupational health, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Bahram Naderi Mansourabadi
- Student Research Committee, Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Marzieh Javid
- Student Research Committee, Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ghorbani
- Department of Public Health, School of Health, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran
| | - Sean Banaee
- College of Health Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA
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21
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Ghafouri-Khosrowshahi A, Ranjbar A, Mousavi L, Nili-Ahmadabadi H, Ghaffari F, Zeinvand-Lorestani H, Nili-Ahmadabadi A. Chronic exposure to organophosphate pesticides as an important challenge in promoting reproductive health: A comparative study. JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND HEALTH PROMOTION 2019; 8:149. [PMID: 31544114 PMCID: PMC6745885 DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_148_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Organophosphate compounds (OPCs) are suspected to make changes in reproductive function by oxidant/antioxidant balance disruption in the brain, consequently impairing hypothalamic, pituitary endocrine functions, and gonadal processes. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of occupational exposure to OPCs on the reproductive system of farm workers, in Hamadan, Iran. MATERIALS AND METHODS A comparative study was conducted in rural farmers and urban men aged 20-40 years. After sampling and analysis of semen quality parameters (such as sperm count, sperm motility, progressive sperm motility, and sperm morphology), serum butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) activity (a specific biomarker in OPCs exposure), as well as total antioxidant capacity, nitric oxide, and lipid peroxidation levels for both semen and serum samples were determined. In addition, serum samples were analyzed for reproductive hormones, including follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone (LH), and testosterone. RESULTS Our findings showed that the number of sperms (P = 0.04), their motility (P < 0.001), and progressive status (P < 0.001) in rural farmers were significantly lower than the urban population. In addition, a significant decrease was observed in BChE activity (P < 0.001) and LH level (P < 0.001), and also a remarkable increase was found in testosterone level (P = 0.0014) in the serum of rural farmers compared to the urban population. Along with a decrease in semen total antioxidant capacity, a positive significant correlation was found between sperm motility and semen antioxidant capacity (r = 0.45; P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Exposure to OPCs may affect reproductive outcomes through impairing hypothalamic and/or pituitary endocrine dysfunctions and gonadal processes in farmers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abolfazl Ghafouri-Khosrowshahi
- Medicinal Plants and Natural Products Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Akram Ranjbar
- Medicinal Plants and Natural Products Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Leila Mousavi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Hossein Nili-Ahmadabadi
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ghaffari
- Medicinal Plants and Natural Products Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | | | - Amir Nili-Ahmadabadi
- Medicinal Plants and Natural Products Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Address for correspondence: Dr. Amir Nili-Ahmadabadi, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Shahid Fahmideh Blvd., P.O. Box 8678-3-65178, Hamadan, Iran. E-mail:
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Neghab M, Jalilian H, Taheri S, Tatar M, Haji Zadeh Z. Evaluation of hematological and biochemical parameters of pesticide retailers following occupational exposure to a mixture of pesticides. Life Sci 2018; 202:182-187. [PMID: 29660432 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This study was undertaken to ascertain whether light occupational exposure to pesticides by retailers might be associated with any liver, kidney, nervous system dysfunction or hematological abnormalities. MAIN METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 70 male pesticide retailers (cases) and 64 male subjects, randomly selected from the constructions workers of city council contractors, as the referent group, were investigated. Urine and blood samples were taken from all subjects for urine analysis, hematological and biochemical parameters. Data analysis was conducted through SPSS v.19 using t-test and chi-square test. KEY FINDINGS The results of urine analysis showed that the frequency of abnormal urine tests was significantly higher in cases than in referent individuals. Similarly, the results of CBC showed that the mean values of monocyte, hemoglobin, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin and platelet distribution width were significantly lower, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration and red blood cell distribution width were significantly higher in retailers. No significant differences were found for other parameters. SIGNIFICANCE These findings indicate that an association exists between exposure to pesticides by retailers and early subtle and sub-clinical changes in the urine tests and hematological parameters. Engineering measures are recommended to eliminate exposure to pesticides and to prevent its associated outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Neghab
- Research Center for Health Sciences, Institute of Health, Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hamed Jalilian
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Shekoufeh Taheri
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohsen Tatar
- Department of Biochemistry, School of medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zeynab Haji Zadeh
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Ghafari M, Cheraghi Z, Doosti-Irani A. Occupational risk factors among Iranian farmworkers: a review of the available evidence. Epidemiol Health 2017; 39:e2017027. [PMID: 28728349 PMCID: PMC5543294 DOI: 10.4178/epih.e2017027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 07/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Farming is one of the most important components of most economies. No comprehensive picture exists of the health status of Iranian farmers and the work-related hazards that affect them. We aimed to determine the gaps in the current knowledge regarding the occupational health of Iranian farmworkers. Electronic databases including Medline, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase, as well as national databases including the Scientific Information Database, MagIran, and Barakat Knowledge System, were searched for articles published through March 2017. All epidemiologic studies regarding the occupational health of farmworkers in Iran were reviewed, regardless of their design, language, time of publication, and location. Of the 86 retrieved articles, 39 studies were ultimately analyzed. Most studies were conducted in Fars, Kerman, and Mazandaran provinces. According to the results of this review, chemical, physical, and biological hazards, along with work-related injuries, may be the main factors threatening the health of farmworkers. The unsafe use of pesticides was related to male infertility, eye and digestive complications, pesticide poisoning, pesticide absorption, hematological changes, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and multiple myeloma. Chemical hazards (e.g., the unsafe use of pesticides), physical hazards, injuries, and biological hazards (e.g., work-related infectious diseases) threaten the health of Iranian farmworkers. Moreover, farmworkers lack adequate knowledge about the occupational hazards they face and the relevant risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahin Ghafari
- Department of Public Health, School of Health, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Zahra Cheraghi
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Amin Doosti-Irani
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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Chormey DS, Büyükpınar Ç, Turak F, Komesli OT, Bakırdere S. Simultaneous determination of selected hormones, endocrine disruptor compounds, and pesticides in water medium at trace levels by GC-MS after dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2017; 189:277. [PMID: 28527034 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-017-6003-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The need to enhance food safety has led to major advancements in pesticide productions, and though many benefits have been gained, environmental contamination has also risen from these chemicals that tend to persist in the environment. Some pesticides, together with other chemicals commonly called endocrine disruptor compounds, block the receptor sites of hormones or mimic displaced hormones, leading to imbalanced hormonal levels that result in health disorders and diseases. These chemicals occur at trace levels and are not directly detected by conventional analytical methods. A dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction method was therefore developed for preconcentration of 12 analytes including hormones, endocrine disruptor compounds, and pesticides, to be analyzed by gas chromatography mass spectrometry. This was achieved by optimizing parameters such as extractor solvent type and amount, dispersive solvent type and amount, pH, and salt effect that affect extraction output. The limits of detection and quantification of the developed method were between 0.09 and 3.36 and 0.31 and 11.19 ng mL-1, respectively. The calibration plots of the analytes also showed good linearity and low percent relative standard deviations. Recovery studies were performed for tap water and wastewater samples, and the percent recoveries recorded were between 84 and 109%.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Çağdaş Büyükpınar
- Department of Chemistry, Yıldız Technical University, 34349, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Fatma Turak
- Department of Chemistry, Yıldız Technical University, 34349, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Okan Tarık Komesli
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Ataturk University, 25250, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Sezgin Bakırdere
- Department of Chemistry, Yıldız Technical University, 34349, İstanbul, Turkey.
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Gangemi S, Miozzi E, Teodoro M, Briguglio G, De Luca A, Alibrando C, Polito I, Libra M. Occupational exposure to pesticides as a possible risk factor for the development of chronic diseases in humans (Review). Mol Med Rep 2016; 14:4475-4488. [PMID: 27748877 PMCID: PMC5101964 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well known that pesticides are widely used compounds. In fact, their use in agriculture, forestry, fishery and the food industry has granted a huge improvement in terms of productive efficiency. However, a great number of epidemiological surveys have demonstrated that these toxic compounds can interact and exert negative effects not only with their targets (pests, herbs and fungi), but also with the rest of the environment, including humans. This is particularly relevant in the case of workers involved in the production, transportation, preparation and application of these toxicants. Accordingly, a growing body of evidence has demonstrated the correlation between occupational exposure to pesticides and the development of a wide spectrum of pathologies, ranging from eczema to neurological diseases and cancer. Pesticide exposure is often quite difficult to establish, as many currently used modules do not take into account all of the many variables that can occur in a diverse environment, such as the agricultural sector, and the assessment of the real risk for every single worker is problematic. Indeed, the use of personal protection equipment is necessary while handling these toxic compounds, but education of workers can be even more important: personal contamination with pesticides may occur even in apparently harmless situations. This review summarises the most recent findings describing the association between pesticide occupational exposure and the development of chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Gangemi
- Department of Biomedical, Odontoiatric, Morphological and Functional Images, Occupational Medicine Section, 'Policlinico G. Martino' Hospital, University of Messina, I‑98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Edoardo Miozzi
- Department of Biomedical, Odontoiatric, Morphological and Functional Images, Occupational Medicine Section, 'Policlinico G. Martino' Hospital, University of Messina, I‑98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Michele Teodoro
- Department of Biomedical, Odontoiatric, Morphological and Functional Images, Occupational Medicine Section, 'Policlinico G. Martino' Hospital, University of Messina, I‑98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Giusi Briguglio
- Department of Biomedical, Odontoiatric, Morphological and Functional Images, Occupational Medicine Section, 'Policlinico G. Martino' Hospital, University of Messina, I‑98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Annamaria De Luca
- Department of Biomedical, Odontoiatric, Morphological and Functional Images, Occupational Medicine Section, 'Policlinico G. Martino' Hospital, University of Messina, I‑98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Carmela Alibrando
- Department of Biomedical, Odontoiatric, Morphological and Functional Images, Occupational Medicine Section, 'Policlinico G. Martino' Hospital, University of Messina, I‑98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Irene Polito
- Department of Biomedical, Odontoiatric, Morphological and Functional Images, Occupational Medicine Section, 'Policlinico G. Martino' Hospital, University of Messina, I‑98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Massimo Libra
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Functional Genomics, Section of General and Clinical Pathology and Oncology, University of Catania, I‑95124 Catania, Italy
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