1
|
Atasayar S, Dinç L. Psychosocial consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic and its effects on professional resilience and self-care on nurses: an example of Ankara. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2024:1-17. [PMID: 38919144 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2024.2370389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted nurses, who are frontline care providers, with high infection risk, disease transmission to relatives, and adverse psychosocial effects. This descriptive and correlational study examines the psychosocial impact of COVID-19 on 224 nurses, focusing on their professional resilience and self-care during active care of COVID-19 patients from December 2022 to August 2023. Data was collected through demographic information forms, questionnaires, and scales. Structural equation modeling was used for the relational dimension of the study. The mean score of the nurses' COVID-19 Pandemic Psychosocial Impact Scale was 85.43 (SD = 22.08), while the Skovholt Practitioner Professional Resiliency and Self-Care Inventory had a mean score of 135.64 (SD = 19.73). A statistically significant low-level negative relationship between the scale scores (r = -0.220). The COVID-19 pandemic's psychosocial impact scores significantly impact personal vitality and stress, indicating a direct negative effect on these factors, according to structural equation modeling results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Semra Atasayar
- Nursing Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, Afyonkarahisar, Türkiye
| | - Leyla Dinç
- Fundamentals of Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Türkiye
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Laws CB, Hewitt A, Boamah DA, Hiersteiner D, Kramme JED, Reagan J. Direct Support Professionals: Diversity, Disparities, and Deepening Crisis. INTELLECTUAL AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2024; 62:174-185. [PMID: 38802096 DOI: 10.1352/1934-9556-62.3.174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
In the United States, direct support professionals (DSPs) support people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) so they can live in the community. Thirty years of deinstitutionalization and the development of community living options would not have been possible without DSPs. Although life for people with IDD improved greatly, working conditions, wages/benefits, demands, stress/burnout, and trauma experienced by DSPs have worsened. Turnover and vacancy rates threaten the availability of community supports for too many people with IDD. DSPs from diverse racial, ethnic, linguistic, and cultural backgrounds face significant workplace disparities. These issues were discussed during the Research and Training Center on Community Living's 2022 State of the Science Conference. We propose important research questions needing solutions to continue constructively addressing these critical issues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carol Britton Laws
- Carol Britton Laws, University of Georgia; Amy Hewitt, University of Minnesota; Daniel A. Boamah, Western Kentucky University; Dorothy Hiersteiner, Human Services Research Institute; and Julie E. D. Kramm and Jack Reagan, University of Minnesota
| | - Amy Hewitt
- Carol Britton Laws, University of Georgia; Amy Hewitt, University of Minnesota; Daniel A. Boamah, Western Kentucky University; Dorothy Hiersteiner, Human Services Research Institute; and Julie E. D. Kramm and Jack Reagan, University of Minnesota
| | - Daniel A Boamah
- Carol Britton Laws, University of Georgia; Amy Hewitt, University of Minnesota; Daniel A. Boamah, Western Kentucky University; Dorothy Hiersteiner, Human Services Research Institute; and Julie E. D. Kramm and Jack Reagan, University of Minnesota
| | - Dorothy Hiersteiner
- Carol Britton Laws, University of Georgia; Amy Hewitt, University of Minnesota; Daniel A. Boamah, Western Kentucky University; Dorothy Hiersteiner, Human Services Research Institute; and Julie E. D. Kramm and Jack Reagan, University of Minnesota
| | - Julie E D Kramme
- Carol Britton Laws, University of Georgia; Amy Hewitt, University of Minnesota; Daniel A. Boamah, Western Kentucky University; Dorothy Hiersteiner, Human Services Research Institute; and Julie E. D. Kramm and Jack Reagan, University of Minnesota
| | - Jack Reagan
- Carol Britton Laws, University of Georgia; Amy Hewitt, University of Minnesota; Daniel A. Boamah, Western Kentucky University; Dorothy Hiersteiner, Human Services Research Institute; and Julie E. D. Kramm and Jack Reagan, University of Minnesota
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Tyo MB, Desroches ML. Content analysis of qualitative interviews for user-centered design of a prototype mobile health app for direct support professionals' resilience. Disabil Health J 2024; 17:101544. [PMID: 37981491 DOI: 10.1016/j.dhjo.2023.101544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Direct support professionals support people with intellectual and developmental disabilities with essential health and community living needs. Despite an unrelenting workforce shortage crisis, limited evidence-based resources exist for their support. Resilience, or the ability to thrive in the face of challenges, is a target for health care professional wellbeing initiatives. As an "invisible" workforce interspersed throughout various community-based settings, direct support professionals may benefit from resources provided via mobile health apps. OBJECTIVES To assess direct support professionals' acceptability of and preferences for the design of a mobile health app prototype to support their resilience, DSP Thrive. METHOD This concept generation and prototype design study employed a two-phase qualitative-descriptive design. Phase 1 assessed direct support professionals' acceptability of and preferences for a mobile health app for direct support professional resilience. Phase 2 elicited feedback on mock-up images of an initial prototype. Data were collected via qualitative interviews (n = 13), and transcripts were analyzed using content analysis. RESULTS Phase 1: Direct support professionals identified three primary opportunities for an app to support their resilience: learning via educational resources, practicing resilience strategies, and cultivating a peer support network. Based on these findings, the DSP Thrive app prototype was designed with Learn, Practice, and Connect functions. Phase 2: User feedback on walk-throughs of mock-up images indicated initial acceptability of the prototype design with considerations for further development identified. CONCLUSIONS Engaging direct support professionals in user-centered design of mobile health apps may help to bridge the gap to resilience resources for this essential workforce population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mirinda B Tyo
- University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, 285 Old Westport Rd., Dartmouth, MA, USA.
| | - Melissa L Desroches
- University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, 285 Old Westport Rd., Dartmouth, MA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Miller CR, Pharris AB, Hellman CM, Swann J. A model of hope as a protective measure to lower burnout and secondary traumatic stress among employees working in developmental and intellectual disabilities services. JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES 2024; 37:e13184. [PMID: 38361380 DOI: 10.1111/jar.13184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Burnout and secondary traumatic stress (STS) are problems for the workforce supporting people with developmental disabilities. This study investigated hope as a potential protective resource for burnout and STS among the developmental disability services workforce. METHOD One hundred and fifty-two non-supervisor caseworkers from a state agency, developmental disabilities division were recruited to participate in an anonymous web-based survey. RESULTS The analyses showed that hope was negatively associated with the three dimensions of STS (intrusion, avoidance, and arousal) and burnout. Controlling for tenure in the workforce and STS, the results of the hierarchical regression analyses showed that hope accounted for a significant incremental variance to burnout. CONCLUSION These findings provide support for emerging literature showing hope as a protective resource to workforce burnout.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christina R Miller
- Anne & Henry Zarrow School of Social Work, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Angela B Pharris
- Anne & Henry Zarrow School of Social Work, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, USA
- Hope Research Center, University of Oklahoma, Tulsa, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Chan M Hellman
- Hope Research Center, University of Oklahoma, Tulsa, Oklahoma, USA
- Anne & Henry Zarrow School of Social Work, University of Oklahoma, Tulsa, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Joshua Swann
- Anne & Henry Zarrow School of Social Work, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Mercer L, Cookson A, Müller-Myhsok B, van Vuuren J. Burnout and secondary traumatic stress in staff working with people with intellectual disabilities: The role of adverse childhood experiences, resilience and trauma-informed organisational climate. JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES 2023; 36:1297-1307. [PMID: 37533333 DOI: 10.1111/jar.13148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There has been extensive research into adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), however, less consideration has been given to the prevalence and impact of ACEs for staff working with people with intellectual disabilities. METHOD Participants were staff employed by agencies that care for people with intellectual disabilities. An online survey collected demographic information and measures of ACEs, resilience, trauma-informed organisational climate, burnout and secondary traumatic stress. Correlation, regression, mediation and moderation analyses were used. RESULTS 81.7% of 109 participants had experienced at least one ACE. Burnout, secondary traumatic stress and resilience were greater in the present study than in comparable samples. Trauma-informed organisational climate significantly predicted burnout and secondary traumatic stress. Resilience significantly predicted burnout. CONCLUSIONS Staff working with people with intellectual disabilities are likely to have experienced ACEs. Working in a trauma-informed organisational climate and resilience may be effective avenues for reducing burnout and secondary traumatic stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Louise Mercer
- Department of Primary Care and Mental Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Alex Cookson
- Learning Disability Community Team, Merseycare NHS Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | | | - Julie van Vuuren
- Department of Primary Care and Mental Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Silarova B, Brookes N, Palmer S, Towers A, Hussein S. Understanding and measuring the work-related quality of life among those working in adult social care: A scoping review. HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE IN THE COMMUNITY 2022; 30:1637-1664. [PMID: 35066964 PMCID: PMC9543435 DOI: 10.1111/hsc.13718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The main aim of this scoping review was to understand how work-related quality of life (WRQoL) in adult social care has been defined and measured in the literature and to map key components of WRQoL among those working in adult social care and similar contexts. The scoping review included studies that: 1- focused on WRQoL/work-related wellbeing (and their synonyms); and 2- included adult social care or community health care. We searched existing evidence from November 2019 until July 2020 through an electronic literature search of eight major databases complemented by the grey literature, searching the reference lists and by contacting our existing network of experts in the field. In addition, we repeated the searches to identify any relevant literature published in 2021. Reporting followed the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) checklist. In total, we included 68 publications. These publications indicate that there is an absence of agreement on a definition and measurement of WRQoL in adult social care. Based on a thematic analysis we identified six key components of WRQoL: organisational characteristics; job characteristics; mental wellbeing and health; physical wellbeing and health; spill-over from work to home; and professional identity. In summary, at the moment, there is no agreement on what WRQoL is and how to measure it in adult social care. As a result, there is very limited evidence on how to improve WRQoL among people working in adult social care. However, this scoping review suggests that there are six key components of WRQoL that researchers may consider to include in their future studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Barbora Silarova
- Personal Social Services Research UnitUniversity of KentCornwallis CentralCanterburyUK
| | - Nadia Brookes
- Personal Social Services Research UnitUniversity of KentCornwallis CentralCanterburyUK
- Present address:
Centre For Health Services StudiesGeorge Allen WingCornwallis BuildingUniversity of KentCanterburyCT2 7NFUK
| | - Sinead Palmer
- Personal Social Services Research UnitUniversity of KentCornwallis CentralCanterburyUK
| | - Ann‐Marie Towers
- Centre For Health Services StudiesGeorge Allen WingCornwallis BuildingUniversity of KentCanterburyUK
| | - Shereen Hussein
- Personal Social Services Research UnitUniversity of KentCornwallis CentralCanterburyUK
- Present address:
Faculty of Public Health PolicyLondon School of Hygiene & Tropical MedicineLondonWC1E 7HTUK
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yi LJ, Liu Y, Tang L, Cheng L, Wang GH, Hu SW, Liu XL, Tian X, Jiménez-Herrera MF. A Bibliometric Analysis of the Association Between Compassion Fatigue and Psychological Resilience From 2008 to 2021. Front Psychol 2022; 13:890327. [PMID: 35814110 PMCID: PMC9258720 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.890327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims A negative association between the lower level of psychological resilience (PR) and increased risk of compassion fatigue (CF) and higher Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) stress has been revealed. However, bibliometric studies have not been performed to comprehensively investigate this topic. This study aimed to identify the status and trends in the CF and PR field from 2008 to 2021 and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods We identified relevant literature from the Web of Science Core Collection® database using "resilience" and "compassion fatigue" on September 30, 2021. All search results were exported in plain text format for collaboration network analysis, reference-based co-citation analysis, analysis of journals, and keywords-based co-occurrence analysis, which were performed using Citespace® 5.8.R1. Results A total of 388 publications were identified finally, and there has been an increasing trend in the annual number of publications with light fluctuations. The analysis of journals and keywords indicated that nurses and social workers are the main research targets, and their mental problems are the main research topics. The turnover intention of health care providers has been a research focus, particularly during the COVID-19. Conclusion The results of the present study help us understand the status of the CF and PR field and its recent developments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Juan Yi
- Department of Nursing, Hunan Traditional Chinese Medical College, Zhuzhou, China
- Department of Nursing, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Physical Education, Hunan Traditional Chinese Medical College, Zhuzhou, China
| | - Ling Tang
- Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Liang Cheng
- Department of Nursing, Hunan Traditional Chinese Medical College, Zhuzhou, China
| | - Guo-Hao Wang
- Department of Management Engineering, Tangshan Industrial Vocational & Technical College, Tangshan, China
| | - Su-Wen Hu
- Department of Nursing, Hunan Traditional Chinese Medical College, Zhuzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Ling Liu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Intelligent Oncology in Breast Cancer (iCQBC), Department of Ultrasound, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Xu Tian
- Department of Nursing, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kim J, Gray JA, Johnson H. The Effect of a Web-Based Deep Breathing App on Stress of Direct Care Workers: Uncontrolled Intervention Study. J Altern Complement Med 2021; 27:876-883. [PMID: 34227854 DOI: 10.1089/acm.2020.0541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Studies have demonstrated success in reducing stress levels in complex interventions including deep breathing components. Breathing exercise interventions, however, tend not to be studied in isolation. The aim of the study was to examine the impact of a breathing exercise using a web-based app on the stress levels of direct care workers (DCWs) who serve people with intellectual and developmental disabilities. Design: Uncontrolled one-group intervention. Settings/Location: DCWs were recruited from intellectual and developmental disability service providers in a US Midwestern state. Subjects: Sixty-four DCWs who used the breathing exercise app at least 2 times. Interventions: Breathing exercise using a web-based app for a month. Outcome measures: Five measures were obtained from the data recorded in the app: initial stress level before exercise, exercise duration in minutes, change in stress level between before and after each breathing exercise, and frequency and number of days the app was used during a month. Participants' self-report of the number of days of app use was collected in a 1-month follow-up survey. Results: The participants appear to have a moderate stress level indicated by the initial stress level 5 out of 10. After the breathing exercise, the stress level decreased by 1.2 points from 5.0 (standard deviation [SD] = 1.8) to 3.7 (SD = 1.6) on average (paired t-test, p < 0.00005). Cohen's d 0.72 indicates a large effect size. Among within-individual factors, a higher initial stress level and longer app use per occasion were significantly associated with stress reduction. Among between-individual factors, only race was associated with stress reduction. Although there was no effect of being an African American alone on stress level change (coefficient = 0.44, 95% confidence interval = -0.29 to 1.18, p > 0.05), there was an additional reduction among African Americans in relation to the initial stress level, controlling for exercise duration. The number of breathing exercise days recorded in the app was not correlated with that of self-report (Pearson's correlation r = 0.12, p > 0.05). Although the app was used for 4.4 (SD = 4.2) days, participants reported using it for 10.7 (SD = 8.2) days on average in the follow-up survey. Conclusions: The findings suggest the benefit of breathing exercises using an app for reducing DCWs' stress levels. Regular use of such apps may assist with stress management and bolster overall health and well-being among DCWs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinsook Kim
- School of Health Studies, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, USA
| | - Jennifer A Gray
- School of Health Studies, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, USA
| | - Hannah Johnson
- School of Health Professions, Concordia University Wisconsin, Mequon, WI, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Keesler JM, Fukui S. Factor structure of the professional quality of life scale among direct support professionals: factorial validity and scale reliability. JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY RESEARCH : JIDR 2020; 64:681-689. [PMID: 32696469 DOI: 10.1111/jir.12766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Direct support professionals (DSPs) support people with intellectual and developmental disabilities in activities of daily living. DSPs may experience both contentment and struggles with their work. As agencies grapple with their recruitment and retention, understanding DSPs' holistic work experience is important. The Professional Quality of Life (ProQOL) scale assesses multiple domains of work experiences (i.e. compassion satisfaction, burnout and secondary traumatic stress). Despite extensive use across helping professions, the ProQOL is largely absent from DSP research. METHOD This study examined the factor structure of the ProQOL with DSPs. Using secondary data from 495 DSPs, confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to determine if the original three-factor structure holds for this population. RESULTS We confirmed the factorial validity of the ProQOL with the three-factor solution. In the validation process, some modifications were suggested to the model, which also improved the scale reliability. CONCLUSIONS The current study provides initial evidence of the factorial validity of the ProQOL when used with DSPs, as well as recommendations for subsequent improvements and future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J M Keesler
- School of Social Work, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - S Fukui
- School of Social Work, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| |
Collapse
|