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Still CH, Ruksakulpiwat S. Resilience and Self-Management of Hypertension in African American Adults Using a Conceptualized Resilience Framework: An Exploratory Analysis. Nurs Res 2024; 73:278-285. [PMID: 38905621 PMCID: PMC11196003 DOI: 10.1097/nnr.0000000000000743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertension rates have increased worldwide, with the most significant increase in morbidity and mortality observed among African Americans. Resilience is a potential factor influencing how individuals manage health-related challenges or self-management tasks for hypertension. Research is scarce related to resilience and self-management frameworks in African Americans with hypertension. OBJECTIVES We aimed to describe a conceptualized resilience framework and preliminary findings of the association among resilience precursors, stress response, hypertension self-management behaviors, and health outcomes in African Americans with hypertension. METHODS This cross-sectional, descriptive-correlational study included African American adults with hypertension, aged 25 years and older, recruited from an academic university and surrounding urban communities in the Midwest. Participants completed standardized, validated questionnaires to examine the association among resilience precursors, stress response, hypertension self-management behaviors, health-related quality of life (HRQOL), and blood pressure at baseline. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the sample demographic characteristics, whereas Pearson's correlational and multiple regression analyses were conducted to determine the associations among the variables. RESULTS African Americans with hypertension (N = 30) were included in this preliminary study, with a mean age of 59.17 years; 66.7% were female. The mean systolic blood pressure was 136 (SD = 16.8) mmHg; the mean diastolic blood pressure was 78.1 (SD = 13) mmHg. Pearson's correlation analysis revealed significant relationships between resilience precursors, stress response, hypertension self-management behaviors and capability, and health outcome components. Multiple regression analysis showed that poor perceived resilience significantly predicted depression. Low dispositional optimism and low perceived resilience were significant predictors of stress. Higher perceived resilience significantly predicted self-efficacy. Perceived stress was negatively and significantly associated with HRQOL. Finally, higher self-efficacy significantly predicted better HRQOL. DISCUSSION This study underscores the significant association between resilience, stress, self-management behaviors, and health outcomes in African Americans with hypertension. Further research with larger sample sizes and longitudinal designs is warranted to confirm and expand upon these findings.
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Van Sluytman LG, Nesbitt JM, Rhodes DJ, Allen-Milton S. No Man Is an Island: Resiliency Among Older African American Men Living with HIV. SOCIAL WORK IN PUBLIC HEALTH 2024:1-15. [PMID: 38934701 DOI: 10.1080/19371918.2024.2371966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
African American men face chronic illness earlier in life and earlier death due to higher severity of illness and poor control of chronic diseases than their white male counterparts. Preexposure and post-exposure prophylaxis PrEP and PREP have improved the odds of survival among those living with HIV. However, the anti-retroviral treatments, though effective, are only as effective as early prevention and detection and in cases where patients can adhere to treatment regimens. The mean age of participants (N = 11) was 56.44 (SD = 5.175, range = 47-63). The current study employs qualitative methodology to propose an ecosystems-driven intersectional model to identify resilience and the influence of personal, social, and societal forces shaping the lives of older African American men living with HIV. Findings determine stigma, community violence, and structural barriers to care as crucial stress areas. Participants discussed self-advocacy and family as constituent elements of resilience. Several implications for practice and research emerged. Practice must design and deploy assessment instruments to include exposure to racism and violence, including emotional and structural violence. Practice must include advocacy at the micro, meso, and macro levels. Assessment must also be self-reflexive. Organizational assessment should involve internal and structural reviews of barriers to meeting client preferences.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jade Marie Nesbitt
- School of Social Work, Morgan State University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Dasha J Rhodes
- School of Social Work, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
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3
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Halbert CH. Social Drivers of Cancer Risk and Outcomes Among African American Men. Cancer J 2023; 29:293-296. [PMID: 37963361 PMCID: PMC10914063 DOI: 10.1097/ppo.0000000000000681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Social risk factors play an important role in minority health and cancer health disparities. Exposure to stress and stress responses are important social factors that are now included in conceptual models of cancer health disparities. This report summarizes results from studies that examined stress exposure and responses among African Americans. Data from studies that were conducted as part of a transdisciplinary and translational research center are also presented to provide additional insight about the nature of racial differences in specific stressors among African American and White prostate cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanita Hughes Halbert
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles CA 90089
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089
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4
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McBride M, Cooper SM, Cryer-Coupet Q, Burnett M, Garrett S, Gibson S. Multidimensional social support and parenting among Black fathers: A profile-oriented approach. JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY 2023; 51:1876-1900. [PMID: 36480656 DOI: 10.1002/jcop.22972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Though studies have examined the role of social support in the lives of Black men, less is known about the role and function of multi-domain social support as they navigate fatherhood. This investigation utilizes a profile-oriented approach to identify patterns of general and parenting-specific social support (i.e., family; peers; community) among a sample of 759 Black American fathers. Additionally, this study examines how identified support profiles are associated with Black fathers' parenting outcomes (i.e., stress, satisfaction, self-efficacy, and involvement). Latent class analyses identified 10 distinct social support profiles among Black fathers. Results also indicated that there was some profile variation in levels parenting outcomes. Findings suggest variation in the availability and utilization of general and parenting support among Black fathers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarett McBride
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Shauna M Cooper
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Marketa Burnett
- Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Shedrick Garrett
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Stephen Gibson
- Psychology Department, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
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George C, Mavima S, La Wourman J. Africana Digital Pedagogy: Cultural Exchange, Learning, and Innovation. JOURNAL OF AFRICAN AMERICAN STUDIES (NEW BRUNSWICK, N.J.) 2023; 26:485-502. [PMID: 36748073 PMCID: PMC9891886 DOI: 10.1007/s12111-022-09603-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This project was created to illuminate the role and value of digital platforms for the Africana community. This research project was exploratory in that the primary researchers had an unclear idea of how the collected response provided by the participants would correlate and interact with the general hypothesis of Africana digital pedagogy (ADP). We surveyed 56 individuals from different segments of the global Africana communities for their opinions on their digital platform usage, as well as what they learn about themselves and their communities. Through our analysis of these responses, combined with existent literature and our own experiences as Africana individuals who engage with digital spaces to varying degrees, we seek to both garner insight into how the global Africana community currently utilizes these spaces as well as how they can be utilized more effectively in the continued pursuit of Black liberation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clarence George
- Department of Ethnic Studies, California State University, Sacramento The University Union, 6000 Jed Smith Dr, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA
| | - Shingi Mavima
- History Department, The University of Toledo, 2801 W. Bancroft St, Toledo, OH 43606 USA
| | - Ja’ La Wourman
- School of Writing, Rhetoric and Technical Communication, James Madison University, Harrison Hall MSC 2103 54 Bluestone Drive Room 2251-2252, Harrisonburg, VA 22807 USA
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6
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Thorpe S, Stevens-Watkins D, Thrasher S, Malone N, Dogan JN. Religion, Psychiatric Symptoms, and Gender Role Conflict Among Incarcerated Black Men. PSYCHOLOGY OF MEN & MASCULINITY 2023; 24:76-82. [PMID: 37589030 PMCID: PMC10427125 DOI: 10.1037/men0000409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Extant literature is mixed on the role of religiosity as a protective factor for mental health concerns and the effectiveness of faith-based prison programs on a reduction in recidivism. Religiosity and psychiatric symptoms are associated with gender role conflict, yet little is known about these relationships among Black incarcerated men. Undergirded by gender role conflict theory, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between religiosity, 30-day psychiatric symptoms, and three measures of gender role conflict: emotional restrictiveness, work-family conflict, and affectionate behavior towards men. In a sample of 206 Black men nearing community re-entry, our results indicated strong religious beliefs and psychiatric symptoms were associated with less emotional restrictiveness. Religious influence and psychiatric symptoms were positively associated with perceived work-family conflict. Further, strong religious beliefs moderated the association between psychiatric symptoms and work-family conflict. Implications for faith-based prison support programs as mechanisms for reducing recidivism among Black men are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shemeka Thorpe
- Department of Educational, School and Counseling Psychology University of Kentucky Lexington, KY
| | - Danelle Stevens-Watkins
- Department of Educational, School and Counseling Psychology University of Kentucky Lexington, KY
| | | | - Natalie Malone
- Department of Educational, School and Counseling Psychology University of Kentucky Lexington, KY
| | - Jardin N. Dogan
- Department of Educational, School and Counseling Psychology University of Kentucky Lexington, KY
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7
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Jia J, Jenkins AJ, Quintiliani LM, Truong V, Lasser KE. Resilience and diabetes self-management among African-American men receiving primary care at an urban safety-net hospital: a cross-sectional survey. ETHNICITY & HEALTH 2022; 27:1178-1187. [PMID: 33249921 DOI: 10.1080/13557858.2020.1849566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Resilience is the ability to adapt to adverse life events. Studies that explore diabetes self-management interventions integrating resilience in African-Americans with diabetes include few African-American men, who have higher diabetes-related mortality and complication rates compared to African-American women. DESIGN We conducted a cross-sectional study of African-American men with uncontrolled diabetes living in diabetes hotspots. We measured resilience levels using the General Self Efficacy Scale (GSES), adherence to diabetes self-management behaviors using the Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire (DSMQ), and incarceration history by phone survey. We categorized participants as higher or lower resilience level and higher or lower adherence to diabetes self-management behaviors. Using multivariable logistic regression, we examined the relationship between resilience and adherence to diabetes self-management behaviors. Our model accounted for potential confounders, including age, incarceration history, and socioeconomic factors. RESULTS Of 234 patients contacted by mail and phone, 94 (40.2%) completed the survey. Mean age was 60.6 years, 59.5% reported an annual household income of less than $20,000, and 29.8% reported a history of incarceration. The mean unadjusted GSES score was 25.0 (sd 5.2; range: 0-30, higher scores indicate greater resilience), and the mean DSMQ score was 7.34 (sd 1.78; range: 0-10, higher scores indicate greater adherence to diabetes self-management behaviors). In multivariable analyses, higher levels of resilience were associated with higher adherence to diabetes self-management behaviors (aOR = 9.68, 95% CI 3.01, 31.12). History of incarceration was negatively associated with higher adherence to diabetes self-management behaviors (aOR = 0.23, 95% CI 0.06, 0.81). CONCLUSIONS Resilience and personal history of incarceration are associated with adherence to diabetes self-management behaviors among African-American men residing in diabetes hotspots. Future interventions should incorporate resilience training to improve diabetes self-management behaviors. At a societal level, social determinants of health that adversely affect African-American men, such as structural racism and mass incarceration, need to be eliminated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Jia
- Section of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Lisa M Quintiliani
- Section of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ve Truong
- Section of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Karen E Lasser
- Section of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
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King KM, Key-Hagan M, Desai A, Mundy T, Shittu AK, Roberts LR, Montgomery S, Clarke M, Idoate R, Michaud TL, Ramos AK, Strong S, Thorpe RJ, Montgomery SB. Stress Correlates Related to Depressive Symptoms Among Young Black Men in Southern California. Am J Mens Health 2022; 16:15579883221097801. [PMID: 35549937 PMCID: PMC9112424 DOI: 10.1177/15579883221097801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Black men experience higher levels of chronic stress, life stressors, and discrimination due to oppressive social and economic conditions. Black men are at greater risk of depression, but most published research on stress and depression has focused on Black people in general, Black women, or older Black men. We sought to determine whether discrimination, perceived stress, major life stress, daily hassles, and social capital were associated with depressive symptoms in young Black men. Survey data were collected from April 2010 to March 2012 in Southern California from a convenience sample of Black men (N = 201). We used two-sample t tests and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) to examine the association of stress correlates with depressive symptoms. Logistic regression was conducted to estimate the likelihood of reporting depressive symptoms for each significant correlate. Over half of the sample reported depressive symptoms. Health status, perceived discrimination, urban hassles, perceived stress, and neighborhood trust and safety were significantly related to depressive symptoms. Those who reported higher perceived stress had higher odds of reporting depressive symptoms, whereas lower everyday discrimination experiences were associated with lower odds of depressive symptoms. Future studies should consider examining the effectiveness of embedding coping mechanisms for stress, including perceived discrimination, in health interventions for young Black men to prevent or reduce depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keyonna M King
- Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA.,University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | | | - Avni Desai
- Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Regina Idoate
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
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Sierra Velez D, Simione M, Castro I, Perkins M, Luo M, Taveras EM, Fiechtner L. Effects of a Pediatric Weight Management Intervention on Parental Stress. Child Obes 2022; 18:160-167. [PMID: 34619054 PMCID: PMC9206479 DOI: 10.1089/chi.2021.0146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Background: Few studies have examined the associations of pediatric weight management interventions (PWMIs) with reduction in parental stress. We sought to examine the extent to which a PWMI reduces parental stress and whether changes in parental healthful feeding practices and support for physical activity are associated with reduction in parental stress. Methods: We analyzed data from the Clinic and Community Approaches to Healthy Weight randomized controlled trial (RCT). Parental stress change over 12 months was analyzed using a multivariate mixed linear model. We then examined associations of changes in healthful feeding practices and support for physical activity over 12 months with changes in stress using a multivariate linear model. Results: In multivariate-adjusted models, participation in a PWMI was associated with decrease in parental stress at 12 months, with a mean difference (MD) of -0.24 U [95% confidence interval (CI): -0.45, -0.04]. Increases in scores for exercising regularly [MD = -0.27 (95% CI: -0.52, -0.03)] and keeping healthy food at home [MD = -0.38 (95% CI: -0.66, -0.10)] were associated with decrease in stress. Conclusions: Participation in a PWMI was associated with decrease in parental stress. Encouraging parents of children with overweight and obesity to keep healthy food in the house and exercise regularly may represent important strategies to improve parental stress. PWMI effectiveness studies should consider parental stress as an outcome while addressing social determinants of health that may influence parental stress. Clinical Trial Registration Number: NCT03012126.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desiree Sierra Velez
- Divisions of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, MassGeneral Hospital for Children, Boston, MA, USA.,Address correspondence to: Desiree Sierra Velez, MD, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, MassGeneral Hospital for Children, 175 Cambridge Street 5th Floor, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Meg Simione
- Divisions of General Academic Pediatrics, MassGeneral Hospital for Children, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ines Castro
- Divisions of General Academic Pediatrics, MassGeneral Hospital for Children, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Meghan Perkins
- Divisions of General Academic Pediatrics, MassGeneral Hospital for Children, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Man Luo
- Divisions of General Academic Pediatrics, MassGeneral Hospital for Children, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Elsie M. Taveras
- Divisions of General Academic Pediatrics, MassGeneral Hospital for Children, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lauren Fiechtner
- Divisions of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, MassGeneral Hospital for Children, Boston, MA, USA.,Divisions of General Academic Pediatrics, MassGeneral Hospital for Children, Boston, MA, USA
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10
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"When She Says Daddy": Black Fathers' Recidivism following Reentry from Jail. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19063518. [PMID: 35329205 PMCID: PMC8949043 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19063518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
We report on the findings of a mixed methods longitudinal study of 84 African American fathers of young children who were enrolled into the study during the father’s jail stay. Participants were assessed using interviews, self-report measures, and administrative records on frequency of father–child contact, father–caregiver relationship quality, family support, paternal pre-incarceration employment, fathers’ plans to live with the child upon reentry, history of substance abuse, and new convictions one year following release from jail. Qualitative analysis revealed three primary identities of fathers during incarceration: father as nurturer, father as protector, and father as provider. Qualitative analysis of interview data detailed the ways in which the context of incarceration and the presence of the criminal justice system interacts with these identities to impact family structure, parent–child visits, plans for release, and motivation for desistance. Quantitative analysis indicated heterogeneity among fathers, with links between parent–child contact and desistance conditional on fathers’ plans for coresidence with children as well as family support and relationship quality. Taken together, the findings highlight the strengths of African American fathers and their families despite the risks associated with incarceration, including the importance of family support and children as motivation for desistance. The results have implications for how the justice system weighs the bidirectional influences of fathers and families.
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11
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Wippold GM, Frary SG, Abshire DA, Wilson DK. Improving Recruitment, Retention, and Cultural Saliency of Health Promotion Efforts Targeting African American Men: A Scoping Review. Ann Behav Med 2021; 56:605-619. [PMID: 34473823 DOI: 10.1093/abm/kaab079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND When health promotion efforts intend to include African American men, they experience challenges with recruitment and retention, in addition to limited cultural saliency-interventions that do not align the cultural preferences and experiences of the target population produce less effective results. PURPOSE This scoping review provides an understanding of (a) how health promotion efforts among African American men are developed and implemented, in addition to the (b) main outcomes, (c) retention rates, and (d) methodological rigor of those efforts. METHODS The following databases were used: PubMed, EMBASE (Ovid), PsycINFO (EBSCO), CINAHL (EBSCO), Web of Science (Clarivate), and ProQuest. Included studies were restricted to those: (a) conducted among African American men and (b) reported the effects of a health promotion intervention. Interventions using single-group pre-post study, post-test-only study, non-randomized controlled trial, and randomized controlled trial (RCT) study designs were included. RESULTS The results indicate that varying degrees of customization in the design and implementation of health promotion efforts targeting African American can improve recruitment, retention, and health-related outcomes. Results draw attention to the need for community input when designing and implementing efforts targeting these men. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that opportunities exist to innovate health promotion efforts among African American men, such as the intentional incorporation of the community's values, perspectives, and preferences in the effort (i.e., cultural saliency) and explicitly indicating how the efforts were culturally tailored to improve saliency. Opportunities also exist to innovate health promotion efforts among African American men based on literature-derived best practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo M Wippold
- Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina, Pendleton Avenue, Barnwell College, Mailbox 38, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Sarah Grace Frary
- Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina, Pendleton Avenue, Barnwell College, Mailbox 38, Columbia, SC, USA
| | | | - Dawn K Wilson
- Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina, Pendleton Avenue, Barnwell College, Mailbox 38, Columbia, SC, USA
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12
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Bell CN, Thomas Tobin CS, Robles B, Spears EC, Thorpe RJ. Familial Financial Assistance and Body Mass Index in Black College Graduates. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2021; 9:1850-1860. [PMID: 34363186 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-021-01122-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Racial disparities in obesity are larger between Black and White college graduates compared to disparities among those who did not complete high school. A possible explanation is that Black adults with higher socioeconomic status (SES) experience unique obesogenic determinants. Black adults who have completed a 4-year college degree can report "uplift stress" from providing financial assistance to family members. The aim of this study is to determine whether the association between familial financial assistance and body mass index (BMI) varies among college-educated Black women and men. This study utilized data from an online survey of Qualtrics standing panels including 451 non-Hispanic Black college graduates. Respondents were asked if they had provided or received any monetary gift or financial help from a family member in the past 12 months as well as their height and weight. Using linear regression and multiplicative interaction terms, the association between familial financial assistance and BMI was assessed by sex. Those who reported both giving and receiving familial financial assistance had higher BMI than those who neither gave nor received assistance (β = 2.80, standard error (s.e.) = 1.16). There was a significant interaction such that this association was observed among women only (β = 6.67, s.e. = 2.32). Future studies should seek to understand the gendered impact of familial financial assistance on BMI in college-educated Black women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caryn N Bell
- Department of Social, Behavioral and Population Sciences, Tulane University School of Public Health & Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA.
| | - Courtney S Thomas Tobin
- Department of Community Health Sciences, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Brenda Robles
- Division of Chronic Disease and Injury Prevention, Los Angeles County Department of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Roland J Thorpe
- Hopkins Center for Health Disparities Solutions, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Program for Research On Men's Health, Nashville, TN, USA.,Department of Health, Behavior, and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
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13
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Wippold GM, Frary SG, Abshire D, Wilson DK. Peer-to-peer health promotion interventions among African American men: a scoping review protocol. Syst Rev 2021; 10:184. [PMID: 34154638 PMCID: PMC8218504 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-021-01737-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Health promotion efforts among African American men have been met with significant challenges and have produced limited results. Interventions that do not align with the values, perspectives, and preferences of African American men often produce less effective results. Research among African American men has provided compelling evidence that these men prefer informal networks of health support. Recent successful health promotion efforts among these men have benefited from peer-to-peer models of implementation. To date, no known scoping or systematic review of peer-to-peer health promotion interventions among African American men has been conducted. The goal of this scoping review is to understand the extent of, design, implementation, and use of peer-to-peer interventions to promote health, improve quality of life, and prevent disease among African American men. METHODS A review of the literature will be performed in PubMED, EMBASE, PsycInfo, CINAHL, and Web of Science. The development of this protocol was guided by the work of Arksey and O'Malley and the PICOS statement. Reporting will be guided by the PRISMA-ScR checklist. Eligible studies include those testing the effects of a peer-to-peer health promotion intervention targeting African American men. A comparison group will not be required. For the purposes of the current review, "peers" will be limited to other African American men. An initial screening of the titles and abstracts of potentially eligible studies will be completed by two independent reviewers. The full text of records that appear to meet the eligibility criteria will be accessed and further screened. Data will then be extracted and collected using a custom Microsoft Excel spreadsheet. Extracted data will include authors' name and publication year, target health issue(s), design of the intervention, components of the intervention, peer-led components of the intervention, peer role, length and type of training for peer leaders, intervention duration, frequency of the intervention, study design and number of participants, and main outcomes. Finally, results will be presented in table format and summarized in text format. DISCUSSION Results will have implications for the design, implementation, and evaluation of health promotion interventions among African American men. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42020198664.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo M Wippold
- Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina, 1512 Pendleton Avenue, Barnwell College, Mailbox 38, Columbia, South Carolina, 29208, USA.
| | - Sarah Grace Frary
- Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina, 1512 Pendleton Avenue, Barnwell College, Mailbox 38, Columbia, South Carolina, 29208, USA
| | | | - Dawn K Wilson
- Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina, 1512 Pendleton Avenue, Barnwell College, Mailbox 38, Columbia, South Carolina, 29208, USA
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14
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Mullany A, Valdez L, Gubrium A, Buchanan D. Precarious Work, Health, and African-American Men: A Qualitative Study on Perceptions and Experiences. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH SERVICES : PLANNING, ADMINISTRATION, EVALUATION 2021; 51:135-145. [PMID: 33327847 PMCID: PMC8649942 DOI: 10.1177/0020731420981850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Precarious work has steadily grown in the United States since the rise of neoliberal policies. The continued expansion of this type of work has led to precarious employment as a recognized category within social determinants of health work and to a growing literature within public health research. African-American men are disproportionately vulnerable to precarious work, which in turn contributes to adverse health effects. Nevertheless, African-American men's experiences of employment and the perceived impact on their well-being remain underexplored. This study was part of the formative exploratory phase of a 5-year community-based participatory research project to examine the biopsychosocial determinants of stress among low/no-income, African-American men. Through thematic analysis of 42 semi-structured interviews, 3 themes emerged: (a) occupational hazards and health, (b) internalization of neoliberal ideology, and (c) constraints of structural factors. Neoliberal economic policies cause material deprivation and exacerbate systemic injustices that disproportionately affect communities of color. The accompanying neoliberal ideology of personal responsibility shapes men's perceptions of success and failure. Public health research must continue to push against health promotion practices that predominantly focus on individual behavior. Rather than exploring only the granularities of individual behaviors, health problems must be examined through prolonged historical, political, economic, and social disenfranchisement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Mullany
- Health Promotion and Policy, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Luis Valdez
- Health Promotion and Policy, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Aline Gubrium
- Health Promotion and Policy, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David Buchanan
- Health Promotion and Policy, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
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15
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Liu Z, Zhou X, Zhang W, Zhou L. Resilience and its correlates among first ischemic stroke survivors at acute stage of hospitalization from a tertiary hospital in China:a cross-sectional study. Aging Ment Health 2020; 24:828-836. [PMID: 30596461 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2018.1550630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: To measure the resilience of elderly patients with first ischemic stroke in mainland China and to identify variables that may be correlated with resilience at the acute stage of hospitalization.Methods: A cross-sectional survey was carried out in departments of neurology of two tertiary hospitals, where a convenience sample of one hundred and forty-seven elderly patients with first ischemic stroke voluntarily participated in our study. Resilience was assessed using the Chinese version of Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale with three dimensions (tenacity, strength, and optimism). The General Self-Efficacy Scale and Medical Coping Modes Questionnaire were applied to evaluate the respondents' general self-efficacy and coping style. Functional independency was also measured using the Functional Independency Measure.Results: The mean score of the 147 respondents' resilience was 62.51 ± 14.69. Together, general self-efficacy, resignation, confrontation, per capital monthly income, and being main source of family income explained 68.1% of the variance in resilience. General self-efficacy, resignation, and confrontation were the strongest explanatory factors. Specifically, 63.4% of the variance in tenacity was explained for general self-efficacy, resignation, being main source of family income, surgical history, and per capital monthly income. 63.2% of the variance in strength was ascribed to general self-efficacy, resignation, per capital monthly income and avoidance. 32.5% of the variance in optimism was attributed to general self-efficacy, religion, and resignation.Conclusion: General self-efficacy and coping style may be implied orientation in enhancing resilience of elderly patients with first ischemic stroke at acute hospitalization. Moreover, economic status may predict level of resilience.HighlightsResilience was measured in 147 older first-episode ischemic stroke survivors at acute hospitalization.General-efficacy was the strongest predictor of resilience.Resilience was significantly influenced by resignation.Coping strategy should be emphasized early after stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihui Liu
- Clinical Nursing Department, School of Nursing, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuan Zhou
- Clinical Nursing Department, School of Nursing, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Clinical Nursing Department, School of Nursing, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lanshu Zhou
- Clinical Nursing Department, School of Nursing, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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16
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Harley AE, Frazer D, Weber T, Edwards TC, Carnegie N. No Longer an Island: A Social Network Intervention Engaging Black Men Through CBPR. Am J Mens Health 2020; 14:1557988320913387. [PMID: 32202194 PMCID: PMC7092655 DOI: 10.1177/1557988320913387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess outcomes from a multilevel social network intervention to promote the health of Black men. Through a community–academic collaboration and using a participatory research approach, we implemented the intervention over 4 years in a 110-block area of an urban neighborhood. The project aimed to implement a neighborhood peer outreach and leadership network to strengthen social support of Black men and increase community and family engagement. Intervention activities included three 12-month intergenerational peer support groups (N = 46), a door-to-door outreach campaign (N = 186), media and communication efforts, and a community partner network. Primary outcomes for the peer support groups were measured using a pretest/posttest cohort design and included social support, perceived stress, social capital, and global self-esteem. Primary outcomes for the door-to-door outreach campaign were measured using a repeated cross-sectional design and included a sense of community, neighborhood social interaction, perceived neighborhood control, and self-rated health status. Significant findings from the peer support groups included an increase in social support overall (p = .027), driven by improvements in guidance, reliable alliance, and reassurance of worth; and an improvement in perceived stress (p = .047). Significant findings from the door-to-door outreach campaign included increases in neighborhood social interaction (p < .0001) and perceived neighborhood control (p = .036). This project provides evidence that a participatory approach to planning and delivering a health promotion intervention aimed at creating positive social spaces and enhancing social connections can result in significant outcomes and successful engagement of Black men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy E Harley
- Joseph J. Zilber School of Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, USA
| | - David Frazer
- Center for Urban Population Health, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Tyler Weber
- Walnut Way Conservation Corps, Milwaukee, WI, USA
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17
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Miller TN, Matthie N, Best NC, Price MA, Hamilton JB. Intergenerational Influences on Faith-based Strategies Used in Response to Racial Discrimination Among Young African American Adults. J Natl Med Assoc 2020; 112:176-185. [PMID: 32178886 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnma.2020.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Revised: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In this report, we used a qualitative descriptive design to explore young African American adults' intergenerationally influenced strategies to experienced racial discrimination. METHODS The study was guided by a qualitative descriptive design using criterion and snowball sampling, and semi-structured interview questions. We also explored, quantitatively, gender differences among the racial discrimination experiences encountered and the strategies used. FINDINGS Forty-nine participants included in this report were an average age of 29.5 (SD = 10.1). Racial discrimination experiences included daily microaggressions such as insensitive comments, stereotyping, exclusion from work and school activities, perceived low expectations, inequities in employment, and police profiling. Intergenerationally influenced strategies used in response to these experiences included religious beliefs and practices, positive reframing, and modeling behaviors used by previous generations. These intergenerationally influenced strategies enabled participants to remain calm, to express goodwill toward others, and to be patient and hopeful for a better future. CONCLUSION Since intergenerationally influenced strategies are likely potential sources of strength and resilience for young African Americans, knowledge of these strategies might be useful to health care practitioners seeking to improve the mental health care of this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor N Miller
- Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Nadine Matthie
- Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Nakia C Best
- University of California, Irvine Sue and Bill Gross School of Nursing, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Michael A Price
- Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Jill B Hamilton
- Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
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18
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Bauer AG, Christensen K, Bowe-Thompson C, Lister S, Aduloju-Ajijola N, Berkley-Patton J. "We Are Our Own Counselor": Resilience, Risk Behaviors, and Mental Health Service Utilization among Young African American Men. Behav Med 2020; 46:278-289. [PMID: 32787722 PMCID: PMC7430196 DOI: 10.1080/08964289.2020.1729087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Despite risk for trauma, subsequent mental health concerns, and poor health outcomes, young Black/African American men (YBM) are less likely to receive mental health services than other racial/ethnic groups. Despite the growing literature on resilience, there is less information on relationships between resilience, risk behaviors, and use of mental health services. This study sought to examine resilience, trauma-related risk behaviors, and receipt of mental health services among a sample of YBM who experienced trauma. Focus groups and a brief survey were conducted with YBM (N = 55) who had been exposed to at least one traumatic event (e.g., witnessing violence, experienced serious injury or illness) and were recruited from urban community settings (e.g., colleges/universities, barbershops, churches). Participants were an average age of 23 years (SD = 3.9; range 18-30) and experienced an average of 2 to 3 traumatic events (SD = 2.2). Trauma exposure was a significant predictor of risk factors (β = .513, p < .01). However, resilience did not significantly moderate this relationship. Resilience also did not predict receipt of mental health services. Culturally relevant qualitative themes found to be related to resilience included maintaining resilience autonomously, preferred coping methods (e.g., friends, music), and habituating to adversity. This study has potential to inform the development of culturally tailored, relevant interventions to promote engagement in mental health services among YBM who've experienced trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandria G. Bauer
- Department of Psychology, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, USA,Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, USA
| | - Kelsey Christensen
- Department of Psychology, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, USA,Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, USA
| | - Carole Bowe-Thompson
- Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, USA
| | - Sheila Lister
- Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, USA
| | - Natasha Aduloju-Ajijola
- Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, USA
| | - Jannette Berkley-Patton
- Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, USA
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19
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Nguemo JD, Iroanyah N, Husbands W, Nelson LE, Maina G, Njoroge I, Owino M, Kahan M, Miller D, Wong J. Substance use disorders among African, Caribbean and Black (ACB) people in Canada: a scoping review protocol. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e028985. [PMID: 31296511 PMCID: PMC6624103 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-028985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Previous research demonstrated that substance use continues to be one of the most complex and prevalent problems among African, Caribbean and Black (ACB) people. A number of studies were conducted to characterise substance use patterns in this population. To our knowledge, this is the first known review in Canada characterising substance use disorders on ACB people.This scoping review seeks to answer the following research questions: What characterises substance use disorders among ACB people in Canada? What are the different types and prevalence of substance use among ACB people in Canada? Do ACB people in Canada use more than one substance? What factors are associated with substance use among ACB people in Canada? What are the health and social impacts of substance use in ACB people in Canada? METHODS AND ANALYSES This study will use the methodological framework for scoping reviews developed by Arksey and O'Malley. We will search electronic bibliographic databases including Ovid MEDLINE, PsycINFO and CINAHL. We will limit our search to English articles published between 2000and2019. In addition, we will conduct a grey literature search. Two investigators will independently screen citations and full-text articles. Our findings will be reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis for scoping reviews guidelines. We will provide a descriptive summary of the studies and summarise the findings with respect to the outcomes and report any gaps that might require further investigation. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Our proposed study does not involve human participants; therefore, research ethics approval is not required. This study will provide evidence that will inform the development of strategies for appropriate interventions, as well as policy and further research. The results will be disseminated through publications in open access peer-reviewed journals, presentations at scientific meetings and to the lay public.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph D Nguemo
- Daphne Cockwell School of Nursing, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ngozi Iroanyah
- School of health policy and management, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - LaRon E Nelson
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Geoffrey Maina
- College of Nursing, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Irene Njoroge
- Rapid Access Addiction Medicine Clinic, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Maureen Owino
- Committee for Accessible AIDS Treatment, Regent Park Community Health Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Meldon Kahan
- Rapid Access Addiction Medicine Clinic, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Desmond Miller
- Daphne Cockwell School of Nursing, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Josephine Wong
- Daphne Cockwell School of Nursing, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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20
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Lucas-Wright A, Duran P, Bazargan M, Vargas C, Maxwell AE. Cancer-related Knowledge, Attitudes and Behaviors within the Latino Faith Community in South Los Angeles. Ethn Dis 2019; 29:239-246. [PMID: 31057308 DOI: 10.18865/ed.29.2.239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The goal of this study was to establish relationships with Latino churches in South Los Angeles and to collect data from parishioners regarding their access to care, cancer risk factors, and cancer-related knowledge, attitudes and screening. Methods In 2014, we approached five Latino churches. All allowed us to describe the study and to consent potential respondents at a designated time during the church service. Results 398 Latino respondents (75% female) completed the survey in English (15%) or Spanish (85%). Most respondents were born in Mexico (63%). Only 56% had health insurance and 51% had a regular doctor. Based on self-reported height and weight, 33% were overweight and 51% were obese. However, only 42% of obese respondents had been told by their doctor that they were obese. Although it is well-established that obesity is a major cancer risk factor, respondents lacked knowledge about the important role of nutrition and exercise in cancer prevention. Among women, adherence to national screening guidelines was 88% for cervical cancer, 72% for breast cancer and 58% for colorectal cancer. However, they were quite willing to undergo cancer screening if recommended by a physician and reported few barriers to colorectal cancer screening. Conclusions Our data suggest a need to focus on both primary and secondary cancer prevention by promoting healthy lifestyles to curb the obesity epidemic and by promoting colorectal cancer screening. These data will inform future interventions to promote wellness in South Los Angeles in collaboration with the Latino faith community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aziza Lucas-Wright
- Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Division of Cancer Research and Training, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Petra Duran
- Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Division of Cancer Research and Training, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Mohsen Bazargan
- Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Division of Cancer Research and Training, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Claudia Vargas
- Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Division of Cancer Research and Training, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Annette E Maxwell
- University of California Los Angeles Fielding School of Public Health & Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center; UCLA Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Equity
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21
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Daugherty SL, Vupputuri S, Hanratty R, Steiner JF, Maertens JA, Blair IV, Dickinson LM, Helmkamp L, Havranek EP. Using Values Affirmation to Reduce the Effects of Stereotype Threat on Hypertension Disparities: Protocol for the Multicenter Randomized Hypertension and Values (HYVALUE) Trial. JMIR Res Protoc 2019; 8:e12498. [PMID: 30907744 PMCID: PMC6452278 DOI: 10.2196/12498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 12/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Medication nonadherence is a significant, modifiable contributor to uncontrolled hypertension. Stereotype threat may contribute to racial disparities in adherence by hindering a patient’s ability to actively engage during a clinical encounter, resulting in reduced activation to adhere to prescribed therapies. Objective The Hypertension and Values (HYVALUE) trial aims to examine whether a values-affirmation intervention improves medication adherence (primary outcome) by targeting racial stereotype threat. Methods The HYVALUE trial is a patient-level, blinded randomized controlled trial comparing a brief values-affirmation writing exercise with a control writing exercise among black and white patients with uncontrolled hypertension. We are recruiting patients from 3 large health systems in the United States. The primary outcome is patients’ adherence to antihypertensive medications, with secondary outcomes of systolic and diastolic blood pressure over time, time for which blood pressure is under control, and treatment intensification. We are comparing the effects of the intervention among blacks and whites, exploring possible moderators (ie, patients’ prior experiences of discrimination and clinician racial bias) and mediators (ie, patient activation) of intervention effects on outcomes. Results This study was funded by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. Enrollment and follow-up are ongoing and data analysis is expected to begin in late 2020. Planned enrollment is 1130 patients. On the basis of evidence supporting the effectiveness of values affirmation in educational settings and our pilot work demonstrating improved patient-clinician communication, we hypothesize that values affirmation disrupts the negative effects of stereotype threat on the clinical interaction and can reduce racial disparities in medication adherence and subsequent health outcomes. Conclusions The HYVALUE study moves beyond documentation of race-based health disparities toward testing an intervention. We focus on a medical condition—hypertension, which is arguably the greatest contributor to mortality disparities for black patients. If successful, this study will be the first to provide evidence for a low-resource intervention that has the potential to substantially reduce health care disparities across a wide range of health care conditions and populations. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03028597; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03028597 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/72vcZMzAB). International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/12498
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacie L Daugherty
- University of Colorado Denver, School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Adult and Child Consortium for Health Outcomes Research and Delivery Science, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Suma Vupputuri
- Kaiser Permanente Mid-Atlantic States, Mid-Atlantic Permanente Research Institute, Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Rebecca Hanratty
- Denver Health and Hospital Authority, Department of Medicine, Denver, CO, United States
| | - John F Steiner
- Kaiser Permanente Colorado, Institute for Health Research, Denver, CO, United States
| | - Julie A Maertens
- University of Colorado Denver, Adult and Child Consortium for Health Outcomes Research and Delivery Science, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Irene V Blair
- University of Colorado Boulder, Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - L Miriam Dickinson
- University of Colorado Denver, Adult and Child Consortium for Health Outcomes Research and Delivery Science, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Laura Helmkamp
- University of Colorado Denver, Adult and Child Consortium for Health Outcomes Research and Delivery Science, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Edward P Havranek
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Adult and Child Consortium for Health Outcomes Research and Delivery Science, Denver Health and Hospital Authority, Department of Medicine, Denver, CO, United States
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22
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Phillips JM, Branch CJ, Brady SS, Simpson T. Parents Speak: A Needs Assessment for Community Programming for Black Male Youth. Am J Prev Med 2018; 55:S82-S87. [PMID: 30670205 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2018.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although adolescence can be a difficult developmental period for all children, negative environmental forces make this period particularly risky for many inner-city black males. As part of the Center for Healthy African American Men through Partnerships, this project is utilizing community-based participatory concepts to design and implement programs to address risk-taking behaviors among middle school black males. METHODS In 2014, parents of black males between the ages of 11 and 14years were recruited from an urban middle school to participate in focus group discussions. Letters were provided to the school to be mailed to parents inviting them to participate in discussion groups. Four focus groups were conducted. Data analyses were conducted fall 2014. RESULTS Twenty-one parents participated. The major issue affecting the well-being and future success of young black males reported by parents was the lack of social support. Other areas of concern included negative peer pressure, bullying, violence, and lack of opportunities. Across groups, parents identified the lack of male parental presence in households and the subsequent perceived need by the young males to assume leadership roles, anger among the young males, and the lack of licensed counselors to address mental health issues as barriers to success and well-being. Parents emphasized the needs of the individual, family, and community for social support, positive role models, self-esteem, and respect. CONCLUSIONS The present data can inform prevention programs designed to reduce disparities, such as educational underachievement, exposure to violence, and premature mortality experienced by black males. SUPPLEMENT INFORMATION This article is part of a supplement entitled African American Men's Health: Research, Practice, and Policy Implications, which is sponsored by the National Institutes of Health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janice M Phillips
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - C Jason Branch
- Department of Education, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Sonya S Brady
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Tina Simpson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama.
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23
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Fonkoue IT, Schwartz CE, Wang M, Carter JR. Sympathetic neural reactivity to mental stress differs in black and non-Hispanic white adults. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2018; 124:201-207. [PMID: 28970198 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00134.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Black adults have a higher risk of hypertension compared with non-Hispanic white (NHW) adults, but physiological mechanisms underlying this predisposition remain unclear. This study compared muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) responses to mental stress in a group of young black and NHW participants. We hypothesized that the sympathoexcitation associated with mental stress would be greater in black adults compared with NHW participants. Thirty-five male adults (19 black, 23 ± 1 yr; 16 NHW, 22 ± 1 yr) were examined during 5-min supine baseline and 5 min of mental stress (via mental arithmetic). Baseline mean arterial pressure (80 ± 2 vs. 82 ± 1 mmHg), heart rate (61 ± 4 vs. 61 ± 2 beats/min), MSNA (13 ± 1 vs. 15 ± 2 bursts/min), and sympathetic baroreflex sensitivity (-1.1 ± 0.4 vs. -1.5 ± 0.3 bursts·100 heart beats-1·mmHg-1) were not significantly different between NHW and black adults ( P > 0.05), respectively. MSNA reactivity to mental stress was significantly higher in NHW compared with black adults (time × race, P = 0.006), with a particularly divergent responsiveness during the first minute of mental stress in NHW (Δ4 ± 1 burst/min) and black (Δ-2 ± 2 burst/min; P = 0.022) men. Blood pressure and heart rate reactivity to mental stress were similar between groups. In summary, black participants demonstrated a lower MSNA responsiveness to mental stress compared with NHW adults. These findings suggest that, despite a higher prevalence of hypertension, black subjects do not appear to have higher neural and cardiovascular responsiveness to mental stress compared with NHW. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Black men have a blunted muscle sympathetic nerve activity response to mental stress compared with non-Hispanic white (NHW) men, especially at the onset of mental stress when muscle sympathetic nerve activity decreased in blacks and increased in NHW men. Thus, despite a high prevalence of hypertension in blacks, normotensive NHW men display a greater peripheral sympathetic neural reactivity to mental stress than black men.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Min Wang
- 1 Michigan Technological University
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24
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Mehta P, Brown A, Chung B, Jones F, Tang L, Gilmore J, Miranda J, Wells K. Community Partners in Care: 6-Month Outcomes of Two Quality Improvement Depression Care Interventions in Male Participants. Ethn Dis 2017; 27:223-232. [PMID: 28811733 DOI: 10.18865/ed.27.3.223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Limited data exist on approaches to improve depression services for men in under-resourced communities. This article explores this issue using a sub-analysis of male participants in Community Partners in Care (CPIC). DESIGN Community partnered, cluster, randomized trial. SETTING Hollywood-Metropolitan and South Los Angeles, California. PARTICIPANTS 423 adult male clients with modified depression (PHQ-8 score≥10). INTERVENTIONS Depression collaborative care implementation using community engagement and planning (CEP) across programs compared with the more-traditional individual program, technical assistance (Resources for Services, RS). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Depressive symptoms (PHQ-8 score), mental health-related quality of life (MHRQL), mental wellness, services utilization and settings. RESULTS At screening, levels of probable depression were moderate to high (17.5%-47.1%) among men across services sectors. Intervention effects on primary outcomes (PHQ-8 score and MHRQL) did not differ. Men in CEP compared with RS had improved mental wellness (OR 1.85, 95% CI 1.00-3.42) and reduced hospitalizations (OR .40, 95% CI .16-.98), with fewer mental health specialty medication visits (IRR 0.33, 95% CI .15-.69), and a trend toward greater faith-based depression visits (IRR 2.89, 95% CI .99-8.45). CONCLUSIONS Exploratory sub-analyses suggest that high rates of mainly minority men in under-resourced communities have high prevalence of depression. A multi-sector coalition approach may hold promise for improving community-prioritized outcomes, such as mental wellness and reduced hospitalizations for men, meriting further development of this approach for future research and program design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratik Mehta
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, Calif
| | - Anthony Brown
- Healthy African American Families, Los Angeles, Calif
| | - Bowen Chung
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, Calif.,Center for Health Services and Society, UCLA Semel Institute, Los Angeles, Calif
| | - Felica Jones
- Healthy African American Families, Los Angeles, Calif
| | - Lingqi Tang
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, Calif.,Center for Health Services and Society, UCLA Semel Institute, Los Angeles, Calif
| | - James Gilmore
- Behavioral Health Services, Inc., Los Angeles, Calif
| | - Jeanne Miranda
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, Calif.,Center for Health Services and Society, UCLA Semel Institute, Los Angeles, Calif
| | - Kenneth Wells
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, Calif.,Center for Health Services and Society, UCLA Semel Institute, Los Angeles, Calif.,Department of Health Services and Society, UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, Calif
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25
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Bamishigbin ON, Schetter CD, Guardino CM, Stanton AL, Schafer P, Shalowitz M, Lanzi RG, Thorp J, Raju T. Risk, resilience, and depressive symptoms in low-income African American fathers. CULTURAL DIVERSITY & ETHNIC MINORITY PSYCHOLOGY 2017; 23:70-80. [PMID: 27244219 PMCID: PMC6644062 DOI: 10.1037/cdp0000088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Parental depression influences family health but research on low-income African American fathers is limited. The primary goal of the present study was to examine the role of paternal risk factors and resilience resources in predicting depressive symptoms in the year after birth of a child in a sample of African American fathers. We hypothesized that paternal risk factors (low socioeconomic status [SES], perceived stress, negative life events, racism, avoidant coping style) and resources (social support, self-esteem, collective efficacy, approach-oriented coping style) would predict depressive symptoms in fathers at 1 year postbirth controlling for depressive symptoms at 1 month postbirth. METHOD African American fathers (n = 296) of predominantly low SES from 5 U.S. regions were interviewed at 1 and 12 months after birth of a child regarding potential risk factors, resilience resources, and depressive symptoms. RESULTS Depressive symptoms were low on average. However, hierarchical linear regression analyses revealed that avoidant coping style and experiences of racism predicted more depressive symptoms in fathers nearly a year after the birth of a child controlling for symptoms at 1 month. CONCLUSIONS How fathers cope with stress and common everyday experiences of racism contributed to depressive symptoms in the year following birth of a child. Interventions that target race-related stressors and decrease avoidant coping may promote better outcomes in this important and understudied population. (PsycINFO Database Record
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - John Thorp
- University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
| | - Tonse Raju
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child and Health Development
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