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Djalali-Cuevas A, Rettel M, Stein F, Savitski M, Kearns S, Kelly J, Biggs M, Skoufos I, Tzora A, Prassinos N, Diakakis N, Zeugolis DI. Macromolecular crowding in human tenocyte and skin fibroblast cultures: A comparative analysis. Mater Today Bio 2024; 25:100977. [PMID: 38322661 PMCID: PMC10846491 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.100977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Although human tenocytes and dermal fibroblasts have shown promise in tendon engineering, no tissue engineered medicine has been developed due to the prolonged ex vivo time required to develop an implantable device. Considering that macromolecular crowding has the potential to substantially accelerate the development of functional tissue facsimiles, herein we compared human tenocyte and dermal fibroblast behaviour under standard and macromolecular crowding conditions to inform future studies in tendon engineering. Basic cell function analysis made apparent the innocuousness of macromolecular crowding for both cell types. Gene expression analysis of the without macromolecular crowding groups revealed expression of tendon related molecules in human dermal fibroblasts and tenocytes. Protein electrophoresis and immunocytochemistry analyses showed significantly increased and similar deposition of collagen fibres by macromolecular crowding in the two cell types. Proteomics analysis demonstrated great similarities between human tenocyte and dermal fibroblast cultures, as well as the induction of haemostatic, anti-microbial and tissue-protective proteins by macromolecular crowding in both cell populations. Collectively, these data rationalise the use of either human dermal fibroblasts or tenocytes in combination with macromolecular crowding in tendon engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Djalali-Cuevas
- Laboratory of Animal Science, Nutrition and Biotechnology, School of Agriculture, University of Ioannina, Arta, Greece
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
- Regenerative, Modular & Developmental Engineering Laboratory (REMODEL), Charles Institute of Dermatology, Conway Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research and School of Mechanical & Materials Engineering, University College Dublin (UCD), Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mandy Rettel
- Proteomics Core Facility, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frank Stein
- Proteomics Core Facility, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mikhail Savitski
- Proteomics Core Facility, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Jack Kelly
- Galway University Hospital, Galway, Ireland
| | - Manus Biggs
- Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Ioannis Skoufos
- Laboratory of Animal Science, Nutrition and Biotechnology, School of Agriculture, University of Ioannina, Arta, Greece
| | - Athina Tzora
- Laboratory of Animal Science, Nutrition and Biotechnology, School of Agriculture, University of Ioannina, Arta, Greece
| | - Nikitas Prassinos
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Diakakis
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitrios I. Zeugolis
- Regenerative, Modular & Developmental Engineering Laboratory (REMODEL), Charles Institute of Dermatology, Conway Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research and School of Mechanical & Materials Engineering, University College Dublin (UCD), Dublin, Ireland
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2
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Mieczkowska A, Mabilleau G. Validation of Fourier Transform Infrared Microspectroscopy for the Evaluation of Enzymatic Cross-Linking of Bone Collagen. Calcif Tissue Int 2023; 113:344-353. [PMID: 37278762 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-023-01105-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Enzymatic cross-linking of the bone collagen is important to resist to crack growth and to increased flexural strength. In the present study, we proposed a new method for assessment of enzymatic cross-link based on Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) microspectroscopy that takes into account secondary structure of type I collagen. Briefly, femurs were collected from sham or ovariectomized mice and subjected either to high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry or embedded in polymethylmethacrylate, cut and analyzed by FTIR microspectroscopy. FTIR acquisition was recorded before and after ultraviolet (UV) exposure or acid treatment. In addition, femurs from a second animal study were used to compare gene expression of Plod2 and Lox enzymes and enzymatic cross-links determined by FTIR microspectroscopy. We evidenced here that intensities and areas of subbands located at ~1660, ~1680, and ~1690 cm-1 were positively and significantly associated with the concentration of pyridinoline (PYD), deoxypyridinoline, or immature dihydroxylysinonorleucine/hydroxylysinonorleucine cross-links. Seventy-two hours exposure to UV light significantly reduced by ~86% and ~89% the intensity and area of the ~1660 cm-1 subband. Similarly, 24 h of acid treatment significantly reduced by 78% and 76% the intensity and area of the ~1690 cm-1 subband. Plod2 and Lox expression were also positively associated to the signal of the ~1660 and ~1690 cm-1 subbands. In conclusion, our study provided a new method for decomposing the amide I envelope of bone section that positively correlates with PYD and immature collagen cross-links. This method allows for investigation of tissue distribution of enzymatic cross-links in bone section.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Mieczkowska
- Univ Angers, Nantes Université, ONIRIS, Inserm, UMR 1229, RMeS, REGOS, SFR ICAT, Université d'Angers, 49000, Angers, France
| | - Guillaume Mabilleau
- Univ Angers, Nantes Université, ONIRIS, Inserm, UMR 1229, RMeS, REGOS, SFR ICAT, Université d'Angers, 49000, Angers, France.
- CHU Angers, Departement de Pathologie Cellulaire et Tissulaire, UF de Pathologie osseuse, 49933, Angers, France.
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3
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Berg T, Doppelt-Flikshtain O, Coyac BR, Zigdon-Giladi H. Oral fibroblasts rescue osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells after exposure to Zoledronic acid in a paracrine effect. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1172705. [PMID: 37637413 PMCID: PMC10450747 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1172705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw is a serious complication that develops in oncologic patients treated with Zoledronic acid. Although used for over 30 years, the influence of Zoledronic acid on bone has been thoroughly investigated, mainly on osteoclasts. While decreasing osteoclast differentiation and function, for many years it was thought that Zoledronic acid increased osteoblast differentiation, thus increasing bone volume. Moreover, despite the influence of soft tissue on the bone healing process, the impact of zoledronic acid on the interaction between soft tissue and bone was not investigated. Aim: Our goal was to investigate the influence of Zoledronic Acid and soft tissue cells on osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Materials and methods: Osteogenic differentiation of MSCs was examined after exposure to Zoledronic Acid. To determine the influence of soft tissue cells on MSCs' osteogenic differentiation, conditioned media from keratinocytes and oral fibroblasts were added to osteogenic medium supplemented with Zoledronic Acid. Proteomic composition of keratinocytes' and fibroblasts' conditioned media were analyzed. Results: Zoledronic Acid decreased osteogenic differentiation of MSCs by seven-fold. The osteogenic differentiation of MSCs was restored by the supplementation of fibroblasts' conditioned medium to osteogenic medium, despite Zoledronic acid treatment. Five osteogenic proteins involved in the TGFβ pathway were exclusively identified in fibroblasts' conditioned medium, suggesting their role in the rescue effect. Conclusion: Oral fibroblasts secrete proteins that enable osteogenic differentiation of MSCs in the presence of Zoledronic Acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tal Berg
- Laboratory for Bone Repair, Rambam Healthcare Campus, Haifa, Israel
- The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Ofri Doppelt-Flikshtain
- Laboratory for Bone Repair, Rambam Healthcare Campus, Haifa, Israel
- The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Benjamin R. Coyac
- Laboratory for Bone Repair, Rambam Healthcare Campus, Haifa, Israel
- Department of Periodontology, School of Graduate Dentistry, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Hadar Zigdon-Giladi
- Laboratory for Bone Repair, Rambam Healthcare Campus, Haifa, Israel
- The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
- Department of Periodontology, School of Graduate Dentistry, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
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4
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Devos H, Zoidakis J, Roubelakis MG, Latosinska A, Vlahou A. Reviewing the Regulators of COL1A1. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10004. [PMID: 37373151 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The collagen family contains 28 proteins, predominantly expressed in the extracellular matrix (ECM) and characterized by a triple-helix structure. Collagens undergo several maturation steps, including post-translational modifications (PTMs) and cross-linking. These proteins are associated with multiple diseases, the most pronounced of which are fibrosis and bone diseases. This review focuses on the most abundant ECM protein highly implicated in disease, type I collagen (collagen I), in particular on its predominant chain collagen type I alpha 1 (COLα1 (I)). An overview of the regulators of COLα1 (I) and COLα1 (I) interactors is presented. Manuscripts were retrieved searching PubMed, using specific keywords related to COLα1 (I). COL1A1 regulators at the epigenetic, transcriptional, post-transcriptional and post-translational levels include DNA Methyl Transferases (DNMTs), Tumour Growth Factor β (TGFβ), Terminal Nucleotidyltransferase 5A (TENT5A) and Bone Morphogenic Protein 1 (BMP1), respectively. COLα1 (I) interacts with a variety of cell receptors including integrinβ, Endo180 and Discoidin Domain Receptors (DDRs). Collectively, even though multiple factors have been identified in association to COLα1 (I) function, the implicated pathways frequently remain unclear, underscoring the need for a more spherical analysis considering all molecular levels simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanne Devos
- Centre of Systems Biology, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Jerome Zoidakis
- Centre of Systems Biology, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Maria G Roubelakis
- Laboratory of Biology, University of Athens School of Medicine, 11527 Athens, Greece
- Laboratory of Cell and Gene Therapy, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | | | - Antonia Vlahou
- Centre of Systems Biology, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
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Visser DR, Loo TS, Norris GE, Parry DAD. Potential implications of the glycosylation patterns in collagen α1(I) and α2(I) chains for fibril assembly and growth. J Struct Biol 2023; 215:107938. [PMID: 36641113 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2023.107938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
O-Glycosylation of hydroxylysine (Hyl) in collagen occurs at an early stage of biosynthesis before the triple-helix has formed. This simple post-translational modification (PTM) of lysine by either a galactosyl or glucosylgalactosyl moiety is highly conserved in collagens and depends on the species, type of tissue and the collagen amino acid sequence. The structural/functional reason why only specific lysines are modified is poorly understood, and has led to increased efforts to map the sites of PTMs on collagen sequences from different species and to ascertain their potential role in vivo. To investigate this, we purified collagen type I (Col1) from the skins of four animals, then used mass spectrometry and proteomic techniques to identify lysines that were oxidised, galactosylated, glucosylgalactosylated, or glycated in its mature sequence. We found 18 out of the 38 lysines in collagen type Iα1, (Col1A1) and 7 of the 30 lysines in collagen type Iα2 (Col1A2) were glycosylated. Six of these modifications had not been reported before, and included a lysine involved in crosslinking collagen molecules. A Fourier transform analysis of the positions of the glycosylated hydroxylysines showed they display a regular axial distribution with the same d-period observed in collagen fibrils. The significance of this finding in terms of the assembly of collagen molecules into fibrils and of potential restrictions on the growth of the collagen fibrils is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- D R Visser
- School of Natural Sciences, Massey University, New Zealand
| | - T S Loo
- School of Natural Sciences, Massey University, New Zealand
| | - G E Norris
- School of Natural Sciences, Massey University, New Zealand.
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6
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Kort-Mascort J, Flores-Torres S, Peza-Chavez O, Jang JH, Pardo LA, Tran SD, Kinsella J. Decellularized ECM hydrogels: prior use considerations, applications, and opportunities in tissue engineering and biofabrication. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:400-431. [PMID: 36484344 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm01273a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Tissue development, wound healing, pathogenesis, regeneration, and homeostasis rely upon coordinated and dynamic spatial and temporal remodeling of extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules. ECM reorganization and normal physiological tissue function, require the establishment and maintenance of biological, chemical, and mechanical feedback mechanisms directed by cell-matrix interactions. To replicate the physical and biological environment provided by the ECM in vivo, methods have been developed to decellularize and solubilize tissues which yield organ and tissue-specific bioactive hydrogels. While these biomaterials retain several important traits of the native ECM, the decellularizing process, and subsequent sterilization, and solubilization result in fragmented, cleaved, or partially denatured macromolecules. The final product has decreased viscosity, moduli, and yield strength, when compared to the source tissue, limiting the compatibility of isolated decellularized ECM (dECM) hydrogels with fabrication methods such as extrusion bioprinting. This review describes the physical and bioactive characteristics of dECM hydrogels and their role as biomaterials for biofabrication. In this work, critical variables when selecting the appropriate tissue source and extraction methods are identified. Common manual and automated fabrication techniques compatible with dECM hydrogels are described and compared. Fabrication and post-manufacturing challenges presented by the dECM hydrogels decreased mechanical and structural stability are discussed as well as circumvention strategies. We further highlight and provide examples of the use of dECM hydrogels in tissue engineering and their role in fabricating complex in vitro 3D microenvironments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Omar Peza-Chavez
- Department of Bioengineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
| | - Joyce H Jang
- Department of Bioengineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
| | | | - Simon D Tran
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Joseph Kinsella
- Department of Bioengineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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7
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Lysyl hydroxylase 2 mediated collagen post-translational modifications and functional outcomes. Sci Rep 2022; 12:14256. [PMID: 35995931 PMCID: PMC9395344 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-18165-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysyl hydroxylase 2 (LH2) is a member of LH family that catalyzes the hydroxylation of lysine (Lys) residues on collagen, and this particular isozyme has been implicated in various diseases. While its function as a telopeptidyl LH is generally accepted, several fundamental questions remain unanswered: 1. Does LH2 catalyze the hydroxylation of all telopeptidyl Lys residues of collagen? 2. Is LH2 involved in the helical Lys hydroxylation? 3. What are the functional consequences when LH2 is completely absent? To answer these questions, we generated LH2-null MC3T3 cells (LH2KO), and extensively characterized the type I collagen phenotypes in comparison with controls. Cross-link analysis demonstrated that the hydroxylysine-aldehyde (Hylald)-derived cross-links were completely absent from LH2KO collagen with concomitant increases in the Lysald-derived cross-links. Mass spectrometric analysis revealed that, in LH2KO type I collagen, telopeptidyl Lys hydroxylation was completely abolished at all sites while helical Lys hydroxylation was slightly diminished in a site-specific manner. Moreover, di-glycosylated Hyl was diminished at the expense of mono-glycosylated Hyl. LH2KO collagen was highly soluble and digestible, fibril diameters were diminished, and mineralization impaired when compared to controls. Together, these data underscore the critical role of LH2-catalyzed collagen modifications in collagen stability, organization and mineralization in MC3T3 cells.
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8
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Wang RL, Ruan DD, Hu YN, Gan YM, Lin XF, Fang ZT, Liao LS, Tang FQ, He WB, Luo JW. Genetic Analysis and Functional Study of a Pedigree With Bruck Syndrome Caused by PLOD2 Variant. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:878172. [PMID: 35601416 PMCID: PMC9120662 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.878172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bruck syndrome (BS) is a rare autosomal recessive inherited osteogenesis imperfecta disease characterized by increased bone fragility and joint contracture. The pathogenic gene of type I BS is FKBPl0, whereas that of type II BS is PLOD2. No significant difference has been found in the clinical phenotype between the two types of BS. In this study, we performed genetic analysis of a BS pedigree caused by PLOD2 variant and studied the corresponding cellular function. METHODS Serum biochemistry, parathyroid hormone (PTH), 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25-(OH) D], osteocalcin, and 24-h urinary calcium levels of a family member with BS was assessed. The genes of the proband were analyzed by second-generation sequencing and exon capture techniques. Sanger sequencing was also performed for the suspected responsible variant of the family member. Wild- and variant-type lentivirus plasmids were constructed by gene cloning and transfected into HEK293T cells. Cell function was verified by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, and immunofluorescence detection. RESULTS In this pedigree, the proband was found to have a homozygous variant c.1856G > A (p.Arg619His) in exon 17 of PLOD2 (NM_182943.3). His consanguineous parents and sisters were p.Arg619His heterozygous carriers. The mRNA expression of PLOD2 in the constructed p.Arg619His variant cells was significantly upregulated, while the expression of PLOD2 and collagen I protein in the cell lysate was significantly downregulated. Immunofluorescence revealed that the wild-type PLOD2 was mainly located in the cytoplasm, and the expression of the PLOD2 protein after c.1856G > A variant was significantly downregulated, with almost no expression, aligning with the western blot results. The serum sodium, potassium, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, alkaline phosphatase, PTH, 25-(OH) D, osteocalcin, and 24 h urinary calcium levels of the proband, his parents, and sisters were normal. CONCLUSION Through gene and cell function analyses, PLOD2 Arg619His missense variant was preliminarily confirmed to cause BS by reducing protein expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruo-Li Wang
- Shengli Clinical Medical College, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Department of Emergency, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China.,Fujian Trauma Medical Center, Fuzhou, China
| | - Dan-Dan Ruan
- Shengli Clinical Medical College, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ya-Nan Hu
- Shengli Clinical Medical College, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yu-Mian Gan
- Shengli Clinical Medical College, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xin-Fu Lin
- Shengli Clinical Medical College, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Department of Pediatrics, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhu-Ting Fang
- Shengli Clinical Medical College, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Department of Intervention, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Li-Sheng Liao
- Shengli Clinical Medical College, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Fa-Qiang Tang
- Shengli Clinical Medical College, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Department of Orthopedics, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wu-Bing He
- Shengli Clinical Medical College, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Department of Emergency, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China.,Fujian Trauma Medical Center, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jie-Wei Luo
- Shengli Clinical Medical College, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
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9
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Saito T, Terajima M, Taga Y, Hayashi F, Oshima S, Kasamatsu A, Okubo Y, Ito C, Toshimori K, Sunohara M, Tanzawa H, Uzawa K, Yamauchi M. Decrease of lysyl hydroxylase 2 activity causes abnormal collagen molecular phenotypes, defective mineralization and compromised mechanical properties of bone. Bone 2022; 154:116242. [PMID: 34718219 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2021.116242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Lysyl hydroxylase 2 (LH2) is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydroxylation of lysine (Lys) residues in fibrillar collagen telopeptides, a critical post-translational modification for the stability of intermolecular cross-links. Though abnormal LH2 activities have been implicated in various diseases including Bruck syndrome, the molecular basis of the pathologies is still not well understood. Since LH2 null mice die at early embryonic stage, we generated LH2 heterozygous (LH2+/-) mice in which LH2 level is significantly diminished, and characterized collagen and bone phenotypes using femurs. Compared to the wild-type (WT), LH2+/- collagen showed a significant decrease in the ratio of hydroxylysine (Hyl)- to the Lys-aldehyde-derived collagen cross-links without affecting the total number of aldehydes involved in cross-links. Mass spectrometric analysis revealed that, in LH2+/- type I collagen, the extent of hydroxylation of all telopeptidyl Lys residues was significantly decreased. In the helical domain, Lys hydroxylation at the cross-linking sites was either unaffected or slightly lower, but other sites were significantly diminished compared to WT. In LH2+/- femurs, mineral densities of cortical and cancellous bones were significantly decreased and the mechanical properties of cortical bones evaluated by nanoindentation analysis were compromised. When cultured, LH2+/- osteoblasts poorly produced mineralized nodules compared to WT osteoblasts. These data provide insight into the functionality of LH2 in collagen molecular phenotype and its critical role in bone matrix mineralization and mechanical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoaki Saito
- Department of Oral Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masahiko Terajima
- Division of Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Yuki Taga
- Nippi Research Institute of Biomatrix, Ibaraki 302-0017, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Hayashi
- Department of Oral Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Sachi Oshima
- Department of Oral Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kasamatsu
- Department of Dentistry and Oral-Maxillofacial Surgery, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Okubo
- Department of Oral Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Chizuru Ito
- Department of Functional Anatomy, Reproductive Biology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kiyotaka Toshimori
- Department of Functional Anatomy, Reproductive Biology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan; Future Medicine Research Center, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masataka Sunohara
- Department of Anatomy, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, Nippon Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideki Tanzawa
- Department of Oral Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Katsuhiro Uzawa
- Department of Oral Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan; Department of Dentistry and Oral-Maxillofacial Surgery, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan.
| | - Mitsuo Yamauchi
- Division of Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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10
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Collagen molecular phenotypic switch between non-neoplastic and neoplastic canine mammary tissues. Sci Rep 2021; 11:8659. [PMID: 33883562 PMCID: PMC8060395 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-87380-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
In spite of major advances over the past several decades in diagnosis and treatment, breast cancer remains a global cause of morbidity and premature death for both human and veterinary patients. Due to multiple shared clinicopathological features, dogs provide an excellent model of human breast cancer, thus, a comparative oncology approach may advance our understanding of breast cancer biology and improve patient outcomes. Despite an increasing awareness of the critical role of fibrillar collagens in breast cancer biology, tumor-permissive collagen features are still ill-defined. Here, we characterize the molecular and morphological phenotypes of type I collagen in canine mammary gland tumors. Canine mammary carcinoma samples contained longer collagen fibers as well as a greater population of wider fibers compared to non-neoplastic and adenoma samples. Furthermore, the total number of collagen cross-links enriched in the stable hydroxylysine-aldehyde derived cross-links was significantly increased in neoplastic mammary gland samples compared to non-neoplastic mammary gland tissue. The mass spectrometric analyses of type I collagen revealed that in malignant mammary tumor samples, lysine residues, in particular those in the telopeptides, were markedly over-hydroxylated in comparison to non-neoplastic mammary tissue. The extent of glycosylation of hydroxylysine residues was comparable among the groups. Consistent with these data, expression levels of genes encoding lysyl hydroxylase 2 (LH2) and its molecular chaperone FK506-binding protein 65 were both significantly increased in neoplastic samples. These alterations likely lead to an increase in the LH2-mediated stable collagen cross-links in mammary carcinoma that may promote tumor cell metastasis in these patients.
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11
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Morimoto C, Takedachi M, Kawasaki K, Shimomura J, Murata M, Hirai A, Kawakami K, Sawada K, Iwayama T, Murakami S. Hypoxia stimulates collagen hydroxylation in gingival fibroblasts and periodontal ligament cells. J Periodontol 2021; 92:1635-1645. [PMID: 33660864 DOI: 10.1002/jper.20-0670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cellular responses to hypoxia regulate various biological events, including angiogenesis and extracellular matrix metabolism. Collagen is a major component of the extracellular matrix in periodontal tissues and its coordinated production is essential for tissue homeostasis. In this study, we investigated the effects of hypoxia on collagen production in human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) and human periodontal ligament cells (HPDLs). METHODS HGFs and HPDLs were cultured under either normoxic (20% O2 ) or hypoxic (1% O2 ) conditions. Nuclear expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) was determined by western blotting. Peri-cellular expression of type I collagen was examined by immunocytochemistry analysis. Synthesis of type I collagen was evaluated by measuring the concentration of procollagen type I C-peptide (PIP) in culture supernatant using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Expression of collagen hydroxylase enzymes prolyl 4-hydroxylase alpha polypeptide 1 (P4HA1) and 2-oxoglutarate 5-dioxygenase 2 (PLOD2) was determined by RT-qPCR and western blotting. The roles of these enzymes were analyzed using siRNA transfection. RESULTS Cultivation under hypoxic conditions stimulated type I collagen production via HIF-1α in both cell types. Interestingly, hypoxic conditions did not affect collagen 1a1 or 1a2 gene expression but upregulated that of P4HA1 and PLOD2. Additionally, suppressing P4HA1 significantly decreased the levels of hypoxia-induced procollagen type I C-peptide, a product of stable triple helical collagen, in the supernatant. In contrast, PLOD2 suppression decreased cross-linked collagen expression in the pericellular region. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that hypoxia activates collagen synthesis in HGFs and HPDLs by upregulating hydroxylases P4HA1 and PLOD2 in an HIF-1α-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiaki Morimoto
- Department of Periodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masahide Takedachi
- Department of Periodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kohsuke Kawasaki
- Department of Periodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Junpei Shimomura
- Department of Periodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mari Murata
- Department of Periodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Asae Hirai
- Department of Periodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuma Kawakami
- Department of Periodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Keigo Sawada
- Department of Periodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Iwayama
- Department of Periodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shinya Murakami
- Department of Periodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
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12
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Use of osteoblast-derived matrix to assess the influence of collagen modifications on cancer cells. Matrix Biol Plus 2021; 8:100047. [PMID: 33543040 PMCID: PMC7852199 DOI: 10.1016/j.mbplus.2020.100047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Collagenous stromal accumulations predict a worse clinical outcome in a variety of malignancies. Better tools are needed to elucidate the way in which collagen influences cancer cells. Here, we report a method to generate collagenous matrices that are deficient in key post-translational modifications and evaluate cancer cell behaviors on those matrices. We utilized genetic and biochemical approaches to inhibit lysine hydroxylation and glucosylation on collagen produced by MC-3T3-E1 murine osteoblasts (MC cells). Seeded onto MC cell-derived matrix surface, multicellular aggregates containing lung adenocarcinoma cells alone or in combination with cancer-associated fibroblasts dissociated with temporal and spatial patterns that were influenced by collagen modifications. These findings demonstrate the feasibility of generating defined collagen matrices that are suitable for cell culture studies. Feasibility of culturing multicellular aggregates on matrices with defined collagen modifications. Collagen modifications influence cancer cell behavior. This methodology is a useful tool for cancer researchers.
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Key Words
- Co-culture models
- Collagen
- Collagen cross-links
- DHLNL, Dehydro-dihydroxylysinonorleucine/its ketoamine
- ER, Endoplasmic Reticulum
- G, Galactosyl group
- GG, Glucosylgalactosyl group
- HLCCs, Hydroxylysine aldehyde-derived collagen cross-links
- HLNL, Dehydro-hydroxylysinonorleucine/its ketoamine
- Hyl, Hydroxylysine
- Hylald, Aldehide Hydroxylysine
- Hyp, Hydroxyproline
- LCC, Lysine aldehyde–derived cross-links
- LH, Lysyl hydroxylases
- LOX, Lysyl oxidases
- Lung cancer
- Lys, Lysine
- Lysald, Aldehide Lysine
- Lysyl hydroxylases
- Metastasis
- PGGHG, Glucosylgalactosylhydroxylysine glucosidase
- PTMs, Post-translational modifications
- Pro, Proline
- hLys, Helical domain Lysine
- tLys, Telopeptidyl Lysine
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13
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Wang H, Luo W, Dai L. Expression and Prognostic Role of PLOD1 in Malignant Glioma. Onco Targets Ther 2021; 13:13285-13297. [PMID: 33402837 PMCID: PMC7778385 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s265866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Malignant glioma is rarely curable, and factors that influence the prognosis of glioma patients are not fully understood. Lysyl hydroxylases such as PLOD1 promote the cross-linking in extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules, which contribute to ECM structural stability and maturation. However, the expression and prognostic role of PLOD1 in malignant glioma remained to be determined. Methods The expression of PLOD1 was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in 72 malignant glioma patients from Shenzhen People's hospital. The mRNA expression profiles and clinical information of malignant glioma patients were obtained from public databases, including TCGA, CGGA, Rembrandt, and Gravendeel. The correlation between gene expression and tumor grade, and IDH1/2 status and 1p19q status were evaluated. The association between gene expression and overall survival of malignant glioma patients was examined using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. GO and KEGG pathways were analyzed by Metascape. Transwell invasion assays were performed to determine the effect of PLOD1 on migration and invasion of glioma cells in vitro. Results PLOD1 expression was significantly elevated in malignant glioma tissues compared with non-tumor brain tissues. Besides, elevated levels of PLOD1 were significantly correlated with high tumor grade, wildtype IDH1/2 status, and 1p19q non-codel in all the four public datasets and in-house cohort. Malignant glioma patients with high PLOD1 expression had better overall survival compared to those with low PLOD1 expression. More importantly, patients with IDH1/2 mutations, 1p19q codeletions, and PLOD1 overexpression had the best overall survival. GO enrichment pathway analysis indicated that PLOD1 participates in regulating the extracellular matrix. Transwell invasion assay, which revealed that inhibiting PLOD1 reduced cell invasion in both U87 and U251 cells. Conclusion PLOD1 serves as a potential prognostic marker and therapeutic target for malignant glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shenzhen People's Hospital (Second Clinical Medical College), Ji'nan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Weijian Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shenzhen People's Hospital (Second Clinical Medical College), Ji'nan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Limeng Dai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shenzhen People's Hospital (Second Clinical Medical College), Ji'nan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
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Kang MA, Lee J, Park SH. Cannabidiol induces osteoblast differentiation via angiopoietin1 and p38 MAPK. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2020; 35:1318-1325. [PMID: 32656944 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we report the potential of cannabidiol, one of the major cannabis constituents, for enhancing osteoblastic differentiation in U2OS and MG-63 cells. Cannabidiol increased the expression of Angiopoietin1 and the enzyme activity of alkaline phosphatase in U2OS and MG-63. Invasion and migration assay results indicated that the cell mobility was activated by cannabidiol in U2OS and MG-63. Western blotting analysis showed that the expression of tight junction related proteins such as Claudin1, Claudin4, Occuludin1, and ZO1 was increased by cannabidiol in U2OS and MG-63. Alizarin Red S staining analysis showed that calcium deposition and mineralization was enhanced by cannabidiol in U2OS and MG-63. Western blotting analysis indicated that the expression of osteoblast differentiation related proteins such as distal-less homeobox 5, bone sialoprotein, osteocalcin, type I collagen, Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), osterix (OSX), and alkaline phosphatase was time dependently upregulated by cannabidiol in U2OS and MG-63. Mechanistically, cannabidiol-regulated osteoblastic differentiation in U2OS and MG-63 by strengthen the protein-protein interaction among RUNX2, OSX, or the phosphorylated p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). In conclusion, cannabidiol increased Angiopoietin1 expression and p38 MAPK activation for osteoblastic differentiation in U2OS and MG-63 suggesting that cannabidiol might provide a novel therapeutic option for the bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Ae Kang
- Department of Biological Science, Gachon University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongsung Lee
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - See-Hyoung Park
- Department of Bio and Chemical Engineering, Hongik University, Sejong, Republic of Korea
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15
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Salo AM, Myllyharju J. Prolyl and lysyl hydroxylases in collagen synthesis. Exp Dermatol 2020; 30:38-49. [PMID: 32969070 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Collagens are the most abundant proteins in the extracellular matrix. They provide a framework to build organs and tissues and give structural support to make them resistant to mechanical load and forces. Several intra- and extracellular modifications are needed to make functional collagen molecules, intracellular post-translational modifications of proline and lysine residues having key roles in this. In this article, we provide a review on the enzymes responsible for the proline and lysine modifications, that is collagen prolyl 4-hydroxylases, 3-hydroxylases and lysyl hydroxylases, and discuss their biological functions and involvement in diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antti M Salo
- Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, Biocenter Oulu and Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Johanna Myllyharju
- Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, Biocenter Oulu and Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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16
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Yamaguchi H, Terajima M, Kitami M, Wang J, He L, Saeki M, Yamauchi M, Komatsu Y. IFT20 is critical for collagen biosynthesis in craniofacial bone formation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 533:739-744. [PMID: 32988591 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Intraflagellar transport (IFT) is essential for assembling primary cilia required for bone formation. Disruption of IFT frequently leads to bone defects in humans. While it has been well studied about the function of IFT in osteogenic cell proliferation and differentiation, little is known about its role in collagen biosynthesis during bone formation. Here we show that IFT20, the smallest IFT protein in the IFT-B complex, is important for collagen biosynthesis in mice. Deletion of Ift20 in craniofacial osteoblasts displayed bone defects in the face. While collagen protein levels are unaffected by loss of Ift20, collagen cross-linking was significantly altered. In both Ift20:Wnt1-Cre and Ift20:Ocn-Cre mice the bones exhibit increased hydroxylysine-aldehyde deived cross-linking, and decreased lysine-aldehyde derived cross-linking. To obtain insight into the molecular mechanisms, we examined the expression levels of telopeptidyl lysyl hydroxylase 2 (LH2), and associated chaperone complexes. The results demonstrated that, while LH2 levels were unaffected by loss of Ift20, its chaperone, FKBP65, was significantly increased in Ift20:Wnt1-Cre and Ift20:Ocn-Cre mouse calvaria as well as femurs. These results suggest that IFT20 plays a pivotal role in collagen biosynthesis by regulating, in part, telopeptidyl lysine hydroxylation and cross-linking in bone. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first to demonstrate that the IFT components control collagen post-translational modifications. This provides a novel insight into the craniofacial bone defects associated with craniofacial skeletal ciliopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Yamaguchi
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Masahiko Terajima
- Division of Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Megumi Kitami
- Division of Dental Pharmacology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, 951-8514, Japan; Center for Advanced Oral Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, 951-8514, Japan
| | - Jianbo Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Li He
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Makio Saeki
- Division of Dental Pharmacology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, 951-8514, Japan
| | - Mitsuo Yamauchi
- Division of Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
| | - Yoshihiro Komatsu
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA; Graduate Program in Genetics and Epigenetics, The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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17
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Poot M. How Many Genes Does It Take? Mol Syndromol 2020; 11:59-61. [PMID: 32655336 DOI: 10.1159/000507769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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18
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Farajzadeh Valilou S, Alavi A, Pashaei M, Ghasemi Firouzabadi S, Shafeghati Y, Nozari A, Hadipour F, Hadipour Z, Maghsoodlou Estrabadi B, Gholamreza Noorazar S, Banihashemi S, Karimian J, Fattahi M, Behjati F. Whole-Exome Sequencing Identifies Three Candidate Homozygous Variants in a Consanguineous Iranian Family with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Skeletal Problems. Mol Syndromol 2020; 11:62-72. [PMID: 32655337 DOI: 10.1159/000506530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by 3 core symptoms with impaired social communication, repetitive behavior, and/or restricted interests in early childhood. As a complex neurodevelopmental disorder (NDD), the phenotype and severity of autism are extremely heterogeneous. Genetic factors have a key role in the etiology of autism. In this study, we investigated an Azeri Turkish family with 2 ASD-affected individuals to identify probable ASD-causing variants. First, the affected individuals were karyotyped in order to exclude chromosomal abnormalities. Then, whole-exome sequencing was carried out in one affected sibling followed by cosegregation analysis for the candidate variants in the family. In addition, SNP genotyping was carried out in the patients to identify possible homozygosity regions. Both proband and sibling had a normal karyotype. We detected 3 possible causative variants in this family: c.5443G>A; p.Gly1815Ser, c.1027C>T; p.Arg343Trp, and c.382A>G; p.Lys128Glu, which are in the FBN1, TF, and PLOD2 genes, respectively. All of the variants cosegregated in the family, and SNP genotyping revealed that these 3 variants are located in the homozygosity regions. This family serves as an example of a multimodal polygenic risk for a complex developmental disorder. Of these 3 genes, confluence of the variants in FBN1 and PLOD2 may contribute to the autistic features of the patient in addition to skeletal problems. Our study highlights the genetic complexity and heterogeneity of NDDs such as autism. In other words, in some patients with ASD, multiple rare variants in different loci rather than a monogenic state may contribute to the development of phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Farajzadeh Valilou
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Afagh Alavi
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdiyeh Pashaei
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Yousef Shafeghati
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Medical Genetics and Sarem Cell Research Center (SCRC), Sarem Womens' Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahoura Nozari
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Hadipour
- Department of Medical Genetics and Sarem Cell Research Center (SCRC), Sarem Womens' Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Hadipour
- Department of Medical Genetics and Sarem Cell Research Center (SCRC), Sarem Womens' Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Seyed Gholamreza Noorazar
- Research Center of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Susan Banihashemi
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Karimian
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahshid Fattahi
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farkhondeh Behjati
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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19
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van Huizen NA, Ijzermans JNM, Burgers PC, Luider TM. Collagen analysis with mass spectrometry. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2020; 39:309-335. [PMID: 31498911 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry-based techniques can be applied to investigate collagen with respect to identification, quantification, supramolecular organization, and various post-translational modifications. The continuous interest in collagen research has led to a shift from techniques to analyze the physical characteristics of collagen to methods to study collagen abundance and modifications. In this review, we illustrate the potential of mass spectrometry for in-depth analyses of collagen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nick A van Huizen
- Department of Neurology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 CN, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jan N M Ijzermans
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 CN, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Peter C Burgers
- Department of Neurology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Theo M Luider
- Department of Neurology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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20
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Yamauchi M, Gibbons DL, Zong C, Fradette JJ, Bota-Rabassedas N, Kurie JM. Fibroblast heterogeneity and its impact on extracellular matrix and immune landscape remodeling in cancer. Matrix Biol 2020; 91-92:8-18. [PMID: 32442601 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2020.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Tumor progression is marked by dense collagenous matrix accumulations that dynamically reorganize to accommodate a growing and invasive tumor mass. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play an essential role in matrix remodeling and influence other processes in the tumor microenvironment, including angiogenesis, immunosuppression, and invasion. These findings have spawned efforts to elucidate CAF functionality at the single-cell level. Here, we will discuss how those efforts have impacted our understanding of the ways in which CAFs govern matrix remodeling and the influence of matrix remodeling on the development of an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuo Yamauchi
- Division of Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NS, United States
| | - Don L Gibbons
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas - MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Chenghang Zong
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Jared J Fradette
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas - MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Neus Bota-Rabassedas
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas - MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Jonathan M Kurie
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas - MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States.
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21
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Miller AE, Hu P, Barker TH. Feeling Things Out: Bidirectional Signaling of the Cell-ECM Interface, Implications in the Mechanobiology of Cell Spreading, Migration, Proliferation, and Differentiation. Adv Healthc Mater 2020; 9:e1901445. [PMID: 32037719 PMCID: PMC7274903 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201901445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Biophysical cues stemming from the extracellular environment are rapidly transduced into discernible chemical messages (mechanotransduction) that direct cellular activities-placing the extracellular matrix (ECM) as a potent regulator of cell behavior. Dynamic reciprocity between the cell and its associated matrix is essential to the maintenance of tissue homeostasis and dysregulation of both ECM mechanical signaling, via pathological ECM turnover, and internal mechanotransduction pathways contribute to disease progression. This review covers the current understandings of the key modes of signaling used by both the cell and ECM to coregulate one another. By taking an outside-in approach, the inherent complexities and regulatory processes at each level of signaling (ECM, plasma membrane, focal adhesion, and cytoplasm) are captured to give a comprehensive picture of the internal and external mechanoregulatory environment. Specific emphasis is placed on the focal adhesion complex which acts as a central hub of mechanical signaling, regulating cell spreading, migration, proliferation, and differentiation. In addition, a wealth of available knowledge on mechanotransduction is curated to generate an integrated signaling network encompassing the central components of the focal adhesion, cytoplasm and nucleus that act in concert to promote durotaxis, proliferation, and differentiation in a stiffness-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew E Miller
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, 415 Lane Rd. MR5 1225, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA
| | - Ping Hu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, 415 Lane Rd. MR5 1225, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA
| | - Thomas H Barker
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, 415 Lane Rd. MR5 1225, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA
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22
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Ueki Y, Saito K, Iioka H, Sakamoto I, Kanda Y, Sakaguchi M, Horii A, Kondo E. PLOD2 Is Essential to Functional Activation of Integrin β1 for Invasion/Metastasis in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas. iScience 2020; 23:100850. [PMID: 32058962 PMCID: PMC6997870 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.100850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Identifying the specific functional regulator of integrin family molecules in cancer cells is critical because they are directly involved in tumor invasion and metastasis. Here we report high expression of PLOD2 in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) and its critical role as a stabilizer of integrin β1, enabling integrin β1 to initiate tumor invasion/metastasis. Integrin β1 stabilized by PLOD2-mediated hydroxylation was recruited to the plasma membrane, its functional site, and accelerated tumor cell motility, leading to tumor metastasis in vivo, whereas loss of PLOD2 expression abrogated it. In accordance with molecular analysis, examination of oropharyngeal SCC tissues from patients corroborated PLOD2 expression associated with integrin β1 at the invasive front of tumor nests. PLOD2 is thus implicated as the key regulator of integrin β1 that prominently regulates tumor invasion and metastasis, and it provides important clues engendering novel therapeutics for these intractable cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yushi Ueki
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Japan; Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Japan
| | - Ken Saito
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Japan.
| | - Hidekazu Iioka
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Japan
| | | | - Yasuhiro Kanda
- Department of Immunology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Japan
| | - Masakiyo Sakaguchi
- Department of Cell Biology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, Japan
| | - Arata Horii
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Japan
| | - Eisaku Kondo
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Japan.
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23
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Terajima M, Taga Y, Sricholpech M, Kayashima Y, Sumida N, Maeda N, Hattori S, Yamauchi M. Role of Glycosyltransferase 25 Domain 1 in Type I Collagen Glycosylation and Molecular Phenotypes. Biochemistry 2019; 58:5040-5051. [PMID: 31726007 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.8b00984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Glycosylation in type I collagen occurs as O-linked galactosyl- (G-) lesser and glucosylgalactosyl-hydroxylysine (GG-Hyl); however, its biological significance is still not well understood. To investigate the function of this modification in bone, we have generated preosteoblast MC3T3-E1 (MC)-derived clones, short hairpin (Sh) clones, in which Glt25d1 gene expression was stably suppressed. In Sh clones, the GLT25D1 protein levels were markedly diminished in comparison to controls (MC and those transfected with the empty vector). In Sh collagen, levels of both G- and GG-Hyl were significantly diminished with a concomitant increase in the level of free-Hyl. In addition, the level of immature divalent cross-links significantly diminished while the level of the mature trivalent cross-link increased. As determined by mass spectrometric analysis, seven glycosylation sites were identified in type I collagen and the most predominant site was at the helical cross-linking site, α1-87. At all of the glycosylation sites, the relative levels of G- and GG-Hyl were markedly diminished, i.e., by ∼50-75%, in Sh collagen, and at five of these sites, the level of Lys hydroxylation was significantly increased. The collagen fibrils in Sh clones were larger, and mineralization was impaired. These results indicate that GLT25D1 catalyzes galactosylation of Hyl throughout the type I collagen molecule and that this modification may regulate maturation of collagen cross-linking, fibrillogenesis, and mineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiko Terajima
- Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, School of Dentistry , The University of North Carolina , Chapel Hill , North Carolina 27599 , United States
| | - Yuki Taga
- Nippi Research Institute of Biomatrix , Ibaraki 302-0017 , Japan
| | - Marnisa Sricholpech
- Department of Oral Surgery and Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry , Srinakharinwirot University , Bangkok 10110 , Thailand
| | - Yukako Kayashima
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine , The University of North Carolina , Chapel Hill , North Carolina 27599 , United States
| | - Noriko Sumida
- Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, School of Dentistry , The University of North Carolina , Chapel Hill , North Carolina 27599 , United States
| | - Nobuyo Maeda
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine , The University of North Carolina , Chapel Hill , North Carolina 27599 , United States
| | - Shunji Hattori
- Nippi Research Institute of Biomatrix , Ibaraki 302-0017 , Japan
| | - Mitsuo Yamauchi
- Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, School of Dentistry , The University of North Carolina , Chapel Hill , North Carolina 27599 , United States
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Shiraki M, Kashiwabara S, Imai T, Tanaka S, Saito M. The association of urinary pentosidine levels with the prevalence of osteoporotic fractures in postmenopausal women. J Bone Miner Metab 2019; 37:1067-1074. [PMID: 31214839 DOI: 10.1007/s00774-019-01017-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
To evaluate whether or not the urinary pentosidine level has clinical value in the assessment of the osteoporotic fracture risk, a novel ELISA for pentosidine was used in clinical samples. This study employed a cross-sectional design to analyze a subset of postmenopausal women in the Nagano Cohort Study. A total of 517 urine samples were analyzed using an ELISA system, which can measure urinary pentosidine without hydrolysis. Patients were asked about their history of non-vertebral osteoporotic fracture and the prevalence of vertebral fracture was semi-quantitatively assessed on X-ray films. A 10-year increase in age was related to a 1.09-fold increase in the urinary pentosidine level (95% CI 1.05-1.13, P < 0.001), prevalent fracture (+) was related to a 1.10-fold increase in the urinary pentosidine level (95% CI 1.03-1.18, P = 0.006). Patients with prevalent fracture who had a normal bone mineral density (BMD) showed higher pentosidine levels (median 34.3 pM/mg Cr) than patients with a low BMD without fracture (median 31.4 pM/mg Cr). A multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that urinary pentosidine was significantly associated with the prevalence of fracture after adjustment for known risk factors for fracture (odds ratio 1.92, 95% CI 1.09-3.37, P = 0.023). The present results indicated a significant association between urinary pentosidine and fracture after adjustment for age and BMD, suggesting that urinary pentosidine may be useful for assessing the fracture risk in postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masataka Shiraki
- Research Institute and Practice for Involutional Diseases, 1610-1, Meisei, Misato, Azumino, Nagano Prefecture, 399-8101, Japan.
| | | | - Takumi Imai
- Department of Clinical Biostatistics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shiro Tanaka
- Department of Clinical Biostatistics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Saito
- Department of Orthopedic Surger, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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25
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Rosell-García T, Palomo-Álvarez O, Rodríguez-Pascual F. A hierarchical network of hypoxia-inducible factor and SMAD proteins governs procollagen lysyl hydroxylase 2 induction by hypoxia and transforming growth factor β1. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:14308-14318. [PMID: 31391253 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.007674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Collagens are extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins that support the structural and biomechanical integrity of many tissues. Procollagen-lysine, 2-oxoglutarate 5-dioxygenase 2 (PLOD2) encodes the only lysyl hydroxylase (LH) isoform that specifically hydroxylates lysine residues in collagen telopeptides, a post-translational modification required for the formation of stabilized cross-links. PLOD2 expression is induced by hypoxia and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), well-known stimuli for the formation of a fibrotic ECM, which can lead to pathological fibrosis underlying several diseases. Here, using human and murine fibroblasts, we studied the molecular determinants underlying hypoxia- and TGF-β1-induced PLOD2 expression and its impact on collagen biosynthesis. Deletion mapping and mutagenesis analysis identified specific binding sites for hypoxia-inducible factors (HIF) and TGF-β1-activated SMAD proteins on the human PLOD2 gene promoter that were required for these stimuli to induce PLOD2 expression. Interestingly, our experiments also revealed that HIF signaling plays a preponderant role in the SMAD pathway, as intact HIF sites were absolutely required for TGF-β1 to exert its effect on SMAD-binding sites. We also found that silencing PLOD2 expression did not alter soluble collagen accumulation in the extracellular medium, but it effectively abolished the deposition into the insoluble collagen matrix. Taken together, our findings reveal the existence of a hierarchical relationship between the HIF and SMAD signaling pathways for hypoxia- and TGF-β1-mediated regulation of PLOD2 expression, a key event in the deposition of collagen into the ECM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Rosell-García
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa," CSIC-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (U.A.M.), E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Oscar Palomo-Álvarez
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa," CSIC-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (U.A.M.), E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Rodríguez-Pascual
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa," CSIC-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (U.A.M.), E-28049 Madrid, Spain
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26
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Terajima M, Taga Y, Cabral WA, Liu Y, Nagasawa M, Sumida N, Kayashima Y, Chandrasekaran P, Han L, Maeda N, Perdivara I, Hattori S, Marini JC, Yamauchi M. Cyclophilin B control of lysine post-translational modifications of skin type I collagen. PLoS Genet 2019; 15:e1008196. [PMID: 31173582 PMCID: PMC6602281 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1008196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Covalent intermolecular cross-linking of collagen is essential for tissue stability. Recent studies have demonstrated that cyclophilin B (CypB), an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-resident peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase, modulates lysine (Lys) hydroxylation of type I collagen impacting cross-linking chemistry. However, the extent of modulation, the molecular mechanism and the functional outcome in tissues are not well understood. Here, we report that, in CypB null (KO) mouse skin, two unusual collagen cross-links lacking Lys hydroxylation are formed while neither was detected in wild type (WT) or heterozygous (Het) mice. Mass spectrometric analysis of type I collagen showed that none of the telopeptidyl Lys was hydroxylated in KO or WT/Het mice. Hydroxylation of the helical cross-linking Lys residues was almost complete in WT/Het but was markedly diminished in KO. Lys hydroxylation at other sites was also lower in KO but to a lesser extent. A key glycosylation site, α1(I) Lys-87, was underglycosylated while other sites were mostly overglycosylated in KO. Despite these findings, lysyl hydroxylases and glycosyltransferase 25 domain 1 levels were significantly higher in KO than WT/Het. However, the components of ER chaperone complex that positively or negatively regulates lysyl hydroxylase activities were severely reduced or slightly increased, respectively, in KO. The atomic force microscopy-based nanoindentation modulus were significantly lower in KO skin than WT. These data demonstrate that CypB deficiency profoundly affects Lys post-translational modifications of collagen likely by modulating LH chaperone complexes. Together, our study underscores the critical role of CypB in Lys modifications of collagen, cross-linking and mechanical properties of skin. Deficiency of cyclophilin B (CypB), an endoplasmic reticulum-resident peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase, causes recessive osteogenesis imperfecta type IX, resulting in defective connective tissues. Recent studies using CypB null mice revealed that CypB modulates lysine hydroxylation of type I collagen impacting collagen cross-linking. However, the extent of modulation, the molecular mechanism and the effect on tissue properties are not well understood. In the present study, we show that CypB deficiency in mouse skin results in the formation of unusual collagen cross-links, aberrant tissue formation, altered levels of lysine modifying enzymes and their chaperones, and impaired mechanical property. These findings highlight an essential role of CypB in collagen post-translational modifications which are critical in maintaining the structure and function of connective tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiko Terajima
- Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Yuki Taga
- Nippi Research Institute of Biomatrix, Toride, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Wayne A. Cabral
- Section on Heritable Disorders of Bone and Extracellular Matrix, NICHD, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- Molecular Genetics Section, Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, NHGRI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Ying Liu
- Section on Heritable Disorders of Bone and Extracellular Matrix, NICHD, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Masako Nagasawa
- Division of Bio-Prosthodontics, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Niigata, Japan
| | - Noriko Sumida
- Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Yukako Kayashima
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Prashant Chandrasekaran
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Lin Han
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Nobuyo Maeda
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Irina Perdivara
- Fujifilm Diosynth Biotechnologies, Morrisville, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Shunji Hattori
- Nippi Research Institute of Biomatrix, Toride, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Joan C. Marini
- Section on Heritable Disorders of Bone and Extracellular Matrix, NICHD, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Mitsuo Yamauchi
- Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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27
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Saito T, Uzawa K, Terajima M, Shiiba M, Amelio A, Tanzawa H, Yamauchi M. Aberrant Collagen Cross-linking in Human Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. J Dent Res 2019; 98:517-525. [DOI: 10.1177/0022034519828710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor progression is a complex process involving extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling and stiffening. However, the mechanisms that govern these processes and their roles in tumor progression are still poorly understood. In this study, we performed bioinformatics, immunohistochemical, and biochemical analyses to examine if collagen cross-linking is associated with tumor stage and regional lymph node metastasis (RLNM) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). We found that the genes encoding key enzymes for cross-linking are frequently overexpressed in oral, head, and neck cancers. Specifically, the enzymes lysyl hydroxylase 2 (LH2) or lysyl oxidase (LOX) and LOX-like 2 (LOXL2) were significantly upregulated in late-stage tumors and associated with poor patient prognosis. The protein levels of these enzymes in the primary human OSCC were also significantly increased in late-stage tumors and markedly elevated in the RLNM-positive tumors. Notably, while overall LOX/LOXL2-catalyzed collagen cross-links were enriched in late-stage and RLNM-positive tumors, LH2-mediated stable cross-links were significantly increased. To our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate the association of collagen cross-linking and expression of key enzymes regulating this process with OSCC stage. The data indicate a critical role for collagen cross-linking in OSCC tumor progression and metastasis, which may provide insights into development of novel therapeutic strategies to prevent OSCC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Saito
- Department of Dentistry and Oral-Maxillofacial Surgery, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - K. Uzawa
- Department of Dentistry and Oral-Maxillofacial Surgery, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
- Department of Oral Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - M. Terajima
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - M. Shiiba
- Department of Medical Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - A.L. Amelio
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - H. Tanzawa
- Department of Dentistry and Oral-Maxillofacial Surgery, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
- Department of Oral Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - M. Yamauchi
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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28
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Abstract
Collagens represent a large family of structurally related proteins containing a unique triple-helical structure. Among them, the fibril-forming collagens are the most abundant in vertebrates providing tissues with form and stability. One of the characteristics of the fibrillar collagens is its sequential posttranslational modifications of specific lysine residues that have major effects on molecular assembly and stability of the fibrils in the extracellular space. Hydroxylation of lysine residues is the first modification catalyzed by lysyl hydroxylases, and is critical for the following glycosylation and in determining the fate of covalent cross-linking. This chapter presents an overview of lysine hydroxylation and cross-linking of collagen, and the analytical methods we have developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuo Yamauchi
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
| | - Masahiko Terajima
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Masashi Shiiba
- Department of Oral Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
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29
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Barbirato DDS, Fogacci MF, Gusman H, Takiya CM, Carvalho DPD, Samsone C. Hydroxyapatite calvaria graft repair in experimental diabetes mellitus in rats. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2018; 46:1576-1585. [PMID: 30097409 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcms.2018.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Among the systemic conditions that impact negatively on the planning and execution of surgical procedures, diabetes mellitus (DM) is the primary clinical condition responsible for complications. This study investigated bone formation in critical defects surgically filled with hydroxyapatite (HA) in diabetic rats. A descriptive, randomized sample and blinded analysis were conducted to test bone regeneration in critical bone defects surgically performed in rat calvaria. Twenty adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups: control, normoglycemic animals (CG); and test, streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemic animals (TG). A circular bone defect was filled with HA and maintained subperiosteally. The clinical parameters evaluated were body weight, water and food intake, fasting blood glucose, and bone alkaline phosphatase. Bone-grafted area samples were submitted for histomorphometric and stereological analysis. The TG showed a significantly higher rate of new bone formation compared with the CG, sacrificed 15 days after surgery (p < 0.0001). However, at the end of the study, there was no significant difference in the amount of bone formed between groups (p = 0.077). In parallel, with the increase in osteoblastic activity observed in the TG by the measurement of systemic bone alkaline phosphatase (p = 0.016), the analysis of polarized microscopy and stereology demonstrated a lower level collagen maturation and mineralization in the TG. Quantitatively, the TG showed significantly better results for bone gain in the first 15 days. Qualitative assessments, however, showed fewer collagen fibers and bone maturation in the TG compared with the CG both at 15 and 45 days. Therefore, the postoperative evaluation of bone grafts with HA in hyperglycemic situations should consider the systemic and local effects of this condition on the quality of bone repair, rather than identifying the filling or stability of the grafted area after the process. We conclude that clinically detectable bone repair in diabetic animal models submitted to hydroxyapatite grafts may be satisfactory in the early stages. However, hyperglycemia compromises the quality of the newly formed bone and the collagen cross-linking involved in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davi da Silva Barbirato
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Carlos Chagas Filho Avenue, 373, Bloco G, Sala G1-003, 1st Floor, Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, RJ, CEP 21941-902, Brazil.
| | - Mariana Fampa Fogacci
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Carlos Chagas Filho Avenue, 373, Bloco G, Sala G1-003, 1st Floor, Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, RJ, CEP 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Heloisa Gusman
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Carlos Chagas Filho Avenue, 373, Bloco G, Sala G1-003, 1st Floor, Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, RJ, CEP 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Christina Maeda Takiya
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Carlos Chagas Filho Avenue, 373, Bloco G, Sala G1-003, 1st Floor, Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, RJ, CEP 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Denise Pires de Carvalho
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Carlos Chagas Filho Avenue, 373, Bloco G, Sala G1-003, 1st Floor, Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, RJ, CEP 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Carmelo Samsone
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Carlos Chagas Filho Avenue, 373, Bloco G, Sala G1-003, 1st Floor, Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, RJ, CEP 21941-902, Brazil
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30
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Wang D, Zhang S, Chen F. High Expression of PLOD1 Drives Tumorigenesis and Affects Clinical Outcome in Gastrointestinal Carcinoma. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2018; 22:366-373. [PMID: 29723071 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2018.0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND PLOD1 (procollagen-lysine, 2-oxoglutarate 5-dioxygenase 1) is important for extracellular matrix formation and is involved in various diseases, including cancer; however, its role in gastrointestinal cancer is unclear. In this study, the expression of PLOD1 in gastrointestinal carcinoma and its relationships with patient survival were examined. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sample expression profiles were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database and methylation data were obtained from the Cancer Genome Atlas. Correlations between PLOD1 expression and clinicopathological features were analyzed by chi-square tests. Patient survival was evaluated by a Kaplan-Meier analysis. RESULTS PLOD1 expression was upregulated in gastric cancer and colorectal cancer compared with that in normal tissues. High PLOD1 levels indicated a poor prognosis. The high methylation group had a significantly lower level of PLOD1 expression. CONCLUSION These results indicated that PLOD1 is highly expressed in gastrointestinal carcinoma and is a potential prognostic marker and therapeutic target. The data also indicate that hypomethylation contributes to PLOD1 upregulation in gastric and colon cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dazhi Wang
- 1 Qingdao Municipal Hospital , Qingdao, China .,2 Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University , Jinan, China
| | - Shuyu Zhang
- 1 Qingdao Municipal Hospital , Qingdao, China
| | - Fufeng Chen
- 3 Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology , Wuhan, China
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31
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Wang L, Yang H, Lin X, Cao Y, Gao P, Zheng Y, Fan Z. KDM1A regulated the osteo/dentinogenic differentiation process of the stem cells of the apical papilla via binding with PLOD2. Cell Prolif 2018; 51:e12459. [PMID: 29656462 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Dental tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)-mediated pulp-dentin regeneration is considered a potential approach for the regeneration of damaged teeth. Enhancing MSC-mediated pulp-dentin regeneration is based on an understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying directed cell differentiation process. Histone demethylation enzyme, lysine demethylase 1A (KDM1A) can regulate the differentiation of some MSCs, but its role in dental tissue-derived MSCs is unclear. MATERIAL AND METHODS We obtained SCAPs from immature teeth. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity assay, Alizarin red staining, quantitative calcium analysis, osteogenesis-related genes expression and in vivo transplantation experiment were used to explore the osteo/dentinogenic differentiation. Co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) assay was used to investigate the binding protein. RESULTS Knock-down of KDM1A reduced ALP activity and mineralization, promoted the expressions of osteo/dentinogenic differentiation markers DSPP, DMP1, BSP and key transcript factors, RUNX2, OSX, DLX2 in SCAPs, and also enhanced the osteo/dentinogenesis in vivo. In addition, KDM1A could associate with PLOD2 to form protein complex. And knock-down of PLOD2 inhibited ALP activity and mineralization, and promoted the expressions of DSPP, DMP1, BSP, RUNX2, OSX and DLX2 in SCAPs. CONCLUSIONS KDM1A might have different role in different stages of osteo/dentinogenic differentiation process by binding partner with PLOD2, and finally resulted in the inhibited function for the osteo/dentinogenesis in SCAPs. Our studies provided a further understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of dynamic osteo/dentinogenic differentiation process in dental tissue MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Signaling and Stem Cells Therapy, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China.,Department of Endodontics, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Haoqing Yang
- Laboratory of Molecular Signaling and Stem Cells Therapy, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Lin
- Laboratory of Molecular Signaling and Stem Cells Therapy, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China.,Department of Implant Dentistry, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Yangyang Cao
- Laboratory of Molecular Signaling and Stem Cells Therapy, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Peipei Gao
- Laboratory of Molecular Signaling and Stem Cells Therapy, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Zheng
- Department of Endodontics, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Zhipeng Fan
- Laboratory of Molecular Signaling and Stem Cells Therapy, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
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32
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Leal GF, Nishimura G, Voss U, Bertola DR, Åström E, Svensson J, Yamamoto GL, Hammarsjö A, Horemuzova E, Papadiogannakis N, Iwarsson E, Grigelioniene G, Tham E. Expanding the Clinical Spectrum of Phenotypes Caused by Pathogenic Variants in PLOD2. J Bone Miner Res 2018; 33:753-760. [PMID: 29178448 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.3348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2017] [Revised: 11/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a strikingly heterogeneous group of disorders with a broad range of phenotypic variations. It is also one of the differential diagnoses in bent bone dysplasias along with campomelic dysplasia and thanatophoric dysplasia and can usually be distinguished by decreased bone mineralization and bone fractures. Bent bone dysplasias also include syndromes such as kyphomelic dysplasia (MIM:211350) and mesomelic dysplasia Kozlowski-Reardon (MIM249710), both of which have been under debate regarding whether or not they are a real entity or simply a phenotypic manifestation of another dysplasia including OI. Bruck syndrome type 2 (BRKS2; MIM:609220) is a rare form of autosomal recessive OI caused by biallelic PLOD2 variants and is associated with congenital joint contractures with pterygia. In this report, we present six patients from four families with novel PLOD2 variants. All cases had multiple fractures. Other features ranged from prenatal lethal severe angulation of the long bones as in kyphomelic dysplasia and mesomelic dysplasia Kozlowski-Reardon through classical Bruck syndrome to moderate OI with normal joints. Two siblings with a kyphomelic dysplasia-like phenotype who were stillborn had compound heterozygous variants in PLOD2 (p.Asp585Val and p.Ser166*). One infant who succumbed at age 4 months had a bent bone phenotype phenotypically like skeletal dysplasia Kozlowski-Reardon (with mesomelic shortening, camptodactyly, retrognathia, cleft palate, skin dimples, but also with fractures). He was homozygous for the nonsense variant (p.Trp561*). Two siblings had various degrees of Bruck syndrome caused by the homozygous missense variant, p.His687Arg. Furthermore a boy with a clinical presentation of moderate OI had a possibly pathogenic homozygous variant p.Trp588Cys. Our experience of six patients with biallelic pathogenic variants in PLOD2 expands the phenotypic spectrum in the PLOD2-related phenotypes. © 2017 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Ferraz Leal
- Centro Integrado de Saúde Amaury de Medeiros, Universidade de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.,Instituto de Medicina Integral Prof Fernando Figueira, Recife, Brazil
| | - Gen Nishimura
- Intractable Disease Center, Saitama Medical University Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - Ulrika Voss
- Department of Pediatric Radiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Débora Romeo Bertola
- Unidade de Genética Clínica, Instituto da Criança do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Instituto de Biociências da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eva Åström
- Pediatric Neurology and Musculoskeletal Disorders and Home Care, Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital at Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Johan Svensson
- Department of Paediatrics, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Guilherme Lopes Yamamoto
- Unidade de Genética Clínica, Instituto da Criança do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Instituto de Biociências da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Anna Hammarsjö
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Eva Horemuzova
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Paediatric Endocrinology Unit, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nikos Papadiogannakis
- Department of Pathology, Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Erik Iwarsson
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Giedre Grigelioniene
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Emma Tham
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
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Effect of photoactivated riboflavin on the biodegradation-resistance of root-dentin collagen. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2017; 177:18-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2017.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2017] [Revised: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Terajima M, Taga Y, Cabral WA, Nagasawa M, Sumida N, Hattori S, Marini JC, Yamauchi M. Cyclophilin B Deficiency Causes Abnormal Dentin Collagen Matrix. J Proteome Res 2017; 16:2914-2923. [PMID: 28696707 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.7b00190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Cyclophilin B (CypB) is an endoplasmic reticulum-resident protein that regulates collagen folding, and also contributes to prolyl 3-hydroxylation (P3H) and lysine (Lys) hydroxylation of collagen. In this study, we characterized dentin type I collagen in CypB null (KO) mice, a model of recessive osteogenesis imperfecta type IX, and compared to those of wild-type (WT) and heterozygous (Het) mice. Mass spectrometric analysis demonstrated that the extent of P3H in KO collagen was significantly diminished compared to WT/Het. Lys hydroxylation in KO was significantly diminished at the helical cross-linking sites, α1/α2(I) Lys-87 and α1(I) Lys-930, leading to a significant increase in the under-hydroxylated cross-links and a decrease in fully hydroxylated cross-links. The extent of glycosylation of hydroxylysine residues was, except α1(I) Lys-87, generally higher in KO than WT/Het. Some of these molecular phenotypes were distinct from other KO tissues reported previously, indicating the dentin-specific control mechanism through CypB. Histological analysis revealed that the width of predentin was greater and irregular, and collagen fibrils were sparse and significantly smaller in KO than WT/Het. These results indicate a critical role of CypB in dentin matrix formation, suggesting a possible association between recessive osteogenesis imperfecta and dentin defects that have not been clinically detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiko Terajima
- Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina , Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Yuki Taga
- Nippi Research Institute of Biomatrix , Ibaraki 302-0017, Japan
| | - Wayne A Cabral
- Section on Heritable Disorders of Bone and Extracellular Matrix, NICHD, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Masako Nagasawa
- Division of Bio-Prosthodontics, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences , Niigata 951-8514, Japan
| | - Noriko Sumida
- Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina , Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Shunji Hattori
- Nippi Research Institute of Biomatrix , Ibaraki 302-0017, Japan
| | - Joan C Marini
- Section on Heritable Disorders of Bone and Extracellular Matrix, NICHD, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Mitsuo Yamauchi
- Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina , Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
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FKBP65-dependent peptidyl-prolyl isomerase activity potentiates the lysyl hydroxylase 2-driven collagen cross-link switch. Sci Rep 2017; 7:46021. [PMID: 28378777 PMCID: PMC5380960 DOI: 10.1038/srep46021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Bruck Syndrome is a connective tissue disease associated with inactivating mutations in lysyl hydroxylase 2 (LH2/PLOD2) or FK506 binding protein 65 (FKBP65/FKBP10). However, the functional relationship between LH2 and FKBP65 remains unclear. Here, we postulated that peptidyl prolyl isomerase (PPIase) activity of FKBP65 positively modulates LH2 enzymatic activity and is critical for the formation of hydroxylysine-aldehyde derived intermolecular collagen cross-links (HLCCs). To test this hypothesis, we analyzed collagen cross-links in Fkbp10-null and –wild-type murine embryonic fibroblasts. Although LH2 protein levels did not change, FKBP65 deficiency significantly diminished HLCCs and increased the non-hydroxylated lysine-aldehyde–derived collagen cross-links (LCCs), a pattern consistent with loss of LH2 enzymatic activity. The HLCC-to-LCC ratio was rescued in FKBP65-deficient murine embryonic fibroblasts by reconstitution with wild-type but not mutant FKBP65 that lacks intact PPIase domains. Findings from co-immunoprecipitation, protein-fragment complementation, and co-immunofluorescence assays showed that LH2 and FKBP65 are part of a common protein complex. We conclude that FKBP65 regulates LH2-mediated collagen cross-linking. Because LH2 promotes fibrosis and cancer metastasis, our findings suggest that pharmacologic strategies to target FKBP65 and LH2 may have complementary therapeutic activities.
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36
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Guo HF, Cho EJ, Devkota AK, Chen Y, Russell W, Phillips GN, Yamauchi M, Dalby KN, Kurie JM. A scalable lysyl hydroxylase 2 expression system and luciferase-based enzymatic activity assay. Arch Biochem Biophys 2017; 618:45-51. [PMID: 28216326 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2017.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Revised: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Hydroxylysine aldehyde-derived collagen cross-links (HLCCs) accumulate in fibrotic tissues and certain types of cancer and are thought to drive the progression of these diseases. HLCC formation is initiated by lysyl hydroxylase 2 (LH2), an Fe(II) and α-ketoglutarate (αKG)-dependent oxygenase that hydroxylates telopeptidyl lysine residues on collagen. Development of LH2 antagonists for the treatment of these diseases will require a reliable source of recombinant LH2 protein and a non-radioactive LH2 enzymatic activity assay that is amenable to high throughput screens of small molecule libraries. However, LH2 protein generated using E coli- or insect-based expression systems is either insoluble or enzymatically unstable, and the LH2 enzymatic activity assays that are currently available measure radioactive CO2 released from 14C-labeled αKG during its conversion to succinate. To address these deficiencies, we have developed a scalable process to purify human LH2 protein from Chinese hamster ovary cell-derived conditioned media samples and a luciferase-based assay that quantifies LH2-dependent conversion of αKG to succinate. These methodologies may be applicable to other Fe(II) and αKG-dependent oxygenase systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hou-Fu Guo
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Eun Jeong Cho
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Targeted Therapeutic Drug Discovery and Development Program, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Ashwini K Devkota
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Targeted Therapeutic Drug Discovery and Development Program, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Yulong Chen
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - William Russell
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - George N Phillips
- Department of Biosciences and Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Mitsuo Yamauchi
- Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Kevin N Dalby
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Targeted Therapeutic Drug Discovery and Development Program, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States; Division of Chemical Biology & Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States.
| | - Jonathan M Kurie
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States.
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Abstract
The zebrafish skeleton shares many similarities with human and other vertebrate skeletons. Over the past years, work in zebrafish has provided an extensive understanding of the basic developmental mechanisms and cellular pathways directing skeletal development and homeostasis. This review will focus on the cell biology of cartilage and bone and how the basic cellular processes within chondrocytes and osteocytes function to assemble the structural frame of a vertebrate body. We will discuss fundamental functions of skeletal cells in production and secretion of extracellular matrix and cellular activities leading to differentiation of progenitors to mature cells that make up the skeleton. We highlight important examples where findings in zebrafish provided direction for the search for genes causing human skeletal defects and also how zebrafish research has proven important for validating candidate human disease genes. The work we cover here illustrates utility of zebrafish in unraveling molecular mechanisms of cellular functions necessary to form and maintain a healthy skeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauryn N Luderman
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States; Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States; Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Gokhan Unlu
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States; Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States; Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Ela W Knapik
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States; Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States; Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States; Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States.
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38
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Pentosidine as a Biomarker for Poor Bone Quality and Elevated Fracture Risk. BIOMARKERS IN BONE DISEASE 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-7693-7_32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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39
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Gjaltema RAF, Bank RA. Molecular insights into prolyl and lysyl hydroxylation of fibrillar collagens in health and disease. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 2016; 52:74-95. [PMID: 28006962 DOI: 10.1080/10409238.2016.1269716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Collagen is a macromolecule that has versatile roles in physiology, ranging from structural support to mediating cell signaling. Formation of mature collagen fibrils out of procollagen α-chains requires a variety of enzymes and chaperones in a complex process spanning both intracellular and extracellular post-translational modifications. These processes include modifications of amino acids, folding of procollagen α-chains into a triple-helical configuration and subsequent stabilization, facilitation of transportation out of the cell, cleavage of propeptides, aggregation, cross-link formation, and finally the formation of mature fibrils. Disruption of any of the proteins involved in these biosynthesis steps potentially result in a variety of connective tissue diseases because of a destabilized extracellular matrix. In this review, we give a revised overview of the enzymes and chaperones currently known to be relevant to the conversion of lysine and proline into hydroxyproline and hydroxylysine, respectively, and the O-glycosylation of hydroxylysine and give insights into the consequences when these steps are disrupted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rutger A F Gjaltema
- a MATRIX Research Group, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology , University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen , Groningen , the Netherlands
| | - Ruud A Bank
- a MATRIX Research Group, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology , University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen , Groningen , the Netherlands
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40
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Miguez PA, Pereira PNR, Atsawasuwan P, Yamauchi M. Collagen Cross-linking and Ultimate Tensile Strength in Dentin. J Dent Res 2016; 83:807-10. [PMID: 15381724 DOI: 10.1177/154405910408301014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies have indicated differences in bond strength of dental materials to crown and root dentin. To investigate the potential differences in matrix properties between these locations, we analyzed upper root and crown dentin in human third molars for ultimate tensile strength and collagen biochemistry. In both locations, tensile strength tested perpendicular to the direction of dentinal tubules (undemineralized crown = 140.4 ± 48.6/root = 95.9 ± 26.1; demineralized crown = 16.6 ± 6.3/root = 29.0 ± 12.4) was greater than that tested parallel to the tubular direction (undemineralized crown = 73.1 ± 21.2/root = 63.2 ± 22.6; demineralized crown = 9.0 ± 3.9/root = 16.2 ± 8.0). The demineralized specimens showed significantly greater tensile strength in root than in crown. Although the collagen content was comparable in both locations, two major collagen cross-links, dehydrodihydroxylysinonorleucine/its ketoamine and pyridinoline, were significantly higher in the root (by ~ 30 and ~ 55%, respectively) when compared with those in the crown. These results indicate that the profile of collagen cross-linking varies as a function of anatomical location in dentin and that the difference may partly explain the site-specific tensile strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- P A Miguez
- Dental Research Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7455, USA
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41
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Abstract
Diabetic patients have a higher fracture risk than expected by their bone mineral density (BMD). Poor bone quality is the most suitable and explainable cause for the elevated fracture risk in this population. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs), which are diverse compounds generated via a non-enzymatic reaction between reducing sugars and amine residues, physically affect the properties of the bone material, one of a component of bone quality, through their accumulation in the bone collagen fibers. On the other hand, these compounds biologically act as agonists for these receptors for AGEs (RAGE) and suppress bone metabolism. The concentrations of AGEs and endogenous secretory RAGE, which acts as a "decoy receptor" that inhibits the AGEs-RAGE signaling axis, are associated with fracture risk in a BMD-independent manner. AGEs are closely associated with the pathogenesis of this unique clinical manifestation through physical and biological mechanisms in patients with diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Yamamoto
- Internal Medicine 1, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, 89-1 Enya-cho, Izumo, Shimane 693-8501 Japan
| | - Toshitsugu Sugimoto
- Internal Medicine 1, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, 89-1 Enya-cho, Izumo, Shimane 693-8501 Japan
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42
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Chen Y, Guo H, Terajima M, Banerjee P, Liu X, Yu J, Momin AA, Katayama H, Hanash SM, Burns AR, Fields GB, Yamauchi M, Kurie JM. Lysyl Hydroxylase 2 Is Secreted by Tumor Cells and Can Modify Collagen in the Extracellular Space. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:25799-25808. [PMID: 27803159 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.759803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Revised: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysyl hydroxylase 2 (LH2) catalyzes the hydroxylation of lysine residues in the telopeptides of fibrillar collagens, which leads to the formation of stable collagen cross-links. Recently we reported that LH2 enhances the metastatic propensity of lung cancer by increasing the amount of stable hydroxylysine aldehyde-derived collagen cross-links (HLCCs), which generate a stiffer tumor stroma (Chen, Y., et al. (2015) J. Clin. Invest. 125, 125, 1147-1162). It is generally accepted that LH2 modifies procollagen α chains on the endoplasmic reticulum before the formation of triple helical procollagen molecules. Herein, we report that LH2 is also secreted and modifies collagen in the extracellular space. Analyses of lung cancer cell lines demonstrated that LH2 is present in the cell lysates and the conditioned media in a dimeric, active form in both compartments. LH2 co-localized with collagen fibrils in the extracellular space in human lung cancer specimens and in orthotopic lung tumors generated by injection of a LH2-expressing human lung cancer cell line into nude mice. LH2 depletion in MC3T3 osteoblastic cells impaired the formation of HLCCs, resulting in an increase in the unmodified lysine aldehyde-derived collagen cross-link (LCC), and the addition of recombinant LH2 to the media of LH2-deficient MC3T3 cells was sufficient to rescue HLCC formation in the extracellular matrix. The finding that LH2 modifies collagen in the extracellular space challenges the current view that LH2 functions solely on the endoplasmic reticulum and could also have important implications for cancer biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulong Chen
- From the Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Houfu Guo
- From the Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Masahiko Terajima
- Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599
| | - Priyam Banerjee
- From the Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Xin Liu
- From the Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Jiang Yu
- From the Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Amin A Momin
- the Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Hiroyuki Katayama
- the Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Samir M Hanash
- the Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Alan R Burns
- the College of Optometry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77004, and
| | - Gregg B Fields
- the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida Atlantic University, Jupiter, Florida 33458
| | - Mitsuo Yamauchi
- Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599,
| | - Jonathan M Kurie
- From the Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030,
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43
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Absence of the ER Cation Channel TMEM38B/TRIC-B Disrupts Intracellular Calcium Homeostasis and Dysregulates Collagen Synthesis in Recessive Osteogenesis Imperfecta. PLoS Genet 2016; 12:e1006156. [PMID: 27441836 PMCID: PMC4956114 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Recessive osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is caused by defects in proteins involved in post-translational interactions with type I collagen. Recently, a novel form of moderately severe OI caused by null mutations in TMEM38B was identified. TMEM38B encodes the ER membrane monovalent cation channel, TRIC-B, proposed to counterbalance IP3R-mediated Ca2+ release from intracellular stores. The molecular mechanisms by which TMEM38B mutations cause OI are unknown. We identified 3 probands with recessive defects in TMEM38B. TRIC-B protein is undetectable in proband fibroblasts and osteoblasts, although reduced TMEM38B transcripts are present. TRIC-B deficiency causes impaired release of ER luminal Ca2+, associated with deficient store-operated calcium entry, although SERCA and IP3R have normal stability. Notably, steady state ER Ca2+ is unchanged in TRIC-B deficiency, supporting a role for TRIC-B in the kinetics of ER calcium depletion and recovery. The disturbed Ca2+ flux causes ER stress and increased BiP, and dysregulates synthesis of proband type I collagen at multiple steps. Collagen helical lysine hydroxylation is reduced, while telopeptide hydroxylation is increased, despite increased LH1 and decreased Ca2+-dependent FKBP65, respectively. Although PDI levels are maintained, procollagen chain assembly is delayed in proband cells. The resulting misfolded collagen is substantially retained in TRIC-B null cells, consistent with a 50–70% reduction in secreted collagen. Lower-stability forms of collagen that elude proteasomal degradation are not incorporated into extracellular matrix, which contains only normal stability collagen, resulting in matrix insufficiency. These data support a role for TRIC-B in intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis, and demonstrate that absence of TMEM38B causes OI by dysregulation of calcium flux kinetics in the ER, impacting multiple collagen-specific chaperones and modifying enzymes. Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a heritable disorder of connective tissues characterized by fracture susceptibility and growth deficiency. Most OI cases are caused by autosomal dominant mutations in the genes encoding type I collagen, COL1A1 and COL1A2. Delineation of novel gene defects causing dominant and recessive forms of OI has led to the understanding that the bone pathology results not only from abnormalities in type I collagen quantity and primary structure, but also from defects in post-translational modification, folding, intracellular transport and extracellular matrix incorporation. Recently, mutations in TMEM38B, which encodes the integral ER membrane K+ channel TRIC-B, have been identified as causative for the OI phenotype. However, the mechanism by which absence of TRIC-B causes OI has not been reported. Using cell lines established from three independent probands, we have demonstrated that absence of TRIC-B leads to abnormal ER Ca2+ flux and store-operated calcium entry (SOCE), although ER steady state Ca2+ is normal. Disruption of intracellular calcium dynamics alters the expression and activity of multiple collagen interacting chaperones and modifying enzymes within the ER. Thus TRIC-B deficiency causes OI by dysregulation of collagen synthesis, through the impairment of calcium-dependent gene expression and protein-protein interactions within the ER.
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44
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Disentangling mechanisms involved in collagen pyridinoline cross-linking: The immunophilin FKBP65 is critical for dimerization of lysyl hydroxylase 2. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:7142-7. [PMID: 27298363 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1600074113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Collagens are subjected to extensive posttranslational modifications, such as lysine hydroxylation. Bruck syndrome (BS) is a connective tissue disorder characterized at the molecular level by a loss of telopeptide lysine hydroxylation, resulting in reduced collagen pyridinoline cross-linking. BS results from mutations in the genes coding for lysyl hydroxylase (LH) 2 or peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase (PPIase) FKBP65. Given that the immunophilin FKBP65 does not exhibit LH activity, it is likely that LH2 activity is somehow dependent on FKPB65. In this report, we provide insights regarding the interplay between LH2 and FKBP65. We found that FKBP65 forms complexes with LH2 splice variants LH2A and LH2B but not with LH1 and LH3. Ablating the catalytic activity of FKBP65 or LH2 did not affect complex formation. Both depletion of FKBP65 and inhibition of FKBP65 PPIase activity reduced the dimeric (active) form of LH2 but did not affect the binding of monomeric (inactive) LH2 to procollagen Iα1. Furthermore, we show that LH2A and LH2B cannot form heterodimers with each other but are able to form heterodimers with LH1 and LH3. Collectively, our results indicate that FKBP65 is linked to pyridinoline cross-linking by specifically mediating the dimerization of LH2. Moreover, FKBP65 does not interact with LH1 and LH3, explaining why in BS triple-helical hydroxylysines are not affected. Our results provide a mechanistic link between FKBP65 and the loss of pyridinolines and may hold the key to future treatments for diseases related to collagen cross-linking anomalies, such as fibrosis and cancer.
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45
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Kaneto CM, Lima PSP, Zanette DL, Oliveira TYK, de Assis Pereira F, Lorenzi JCC, Dos Santos JL, Prata KL, Neto JMP, de Paula FJA, Silva WA. Osteoblastic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells in Bruck Syndrome. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2016; 17:38. [PMID: 27146342 PMCID: PMC4857408 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-016-0301-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 04/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Background Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI) (OMIM %259450) is a heterogeneous group of inherited disorders characterized by increased bone fragility, with clinical severity ranging from mild to lethal. The majority of OI cases are caused by mutations in COL1A1 or COL1A2. Bruck Syndrome (BS) is a further recessively-inherited OI-like phenotype in which bone fragility is associated with the unusual finding of pterygia and contractures of the large joints. Notably, several studies have failed to show any abnormalities in the biosynthesis of collagen 1 in BS patientes. Evidence was obtained for a specific defect of the procollagen telopeptide lysine hydroxylation in BS, whereas mutations in the gene PLOD2 have been identified. Recently, several studies described FKBP10 mutations in OI-like and BS patients, suggesting that FKBP10 is a bonafide BS locus. Methods We analyzed the coding region and intron/exon boundaries of COL1A1, COL1A2, PLOD2 and FKBP10 genes by sequence analysis using an ABI PRISM 3130 automated sequencer and Big Dye Terminator Sequencing protocol. Mononuclear cells obtained from the bone marrow of BS, OI patients and healthy donors were cultured and osteogenic differentiation was induced. The gene expression of osteoblast specific markers were also evaluated during the osteoblastic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) by qRT-PCR using an ABI7500 Sequence Detection System. Results No mutations in COL1A1, COL1A2 or PLOD2 were found in BS patient. We found a homozygous 1-base-pair duplication (c.831dupC) that is predicted to produce a translational frameshift mutation and a premature protein truncation 17 aminoacids downstream (p.Gly278ArgfsX95). The gene expression of osteoblast specific markers BGLAP, COL1A1, MSX2, SPARC and VDR was evaluated by Real Time RT-PCR during differentiation into osteoblasts and results showed similar patterns of osteoblast markers expression in BS and healthy controls. On the other hand, when compared with OI patients, the expression pattern of these genes was found to be different. Conclusions Our work suggests that the gene expression profiles observed during mesenchymal stromal cell differentiation into osteoblast are distinct in BS patients as compared to OI patients. The present study shows for the first time that genes involved in osteogenesis are differentially expressed in BS and OI patients. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12881-016-0301-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla M Kaneto
- Department of Genetics, Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil. .,Department of Biological Science, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilheus, BA, Brazil.
| | - Patrícia S P Lima
- Department of Natural Science, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Dalila Lucíola Zanette
- Department of Genetics, Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.,Regional Blood Center of Ribeirão Preto and National Institute of Science and Technology in Cell Therapy, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Jane Lima Dos Santos
- Department of Biological Science, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilheus, BA, Brazil
| | - Karen L Prata
- Regional Blood Center of Ribeirão Preto and National Institute of Science and Technology in Cell Therapy, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - João M Pina Neto
- Department of Genetics, Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Francisco J A de Paula
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Wilson A Silva
- Department of Genetics, Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.,Regional Blood Center of Ribeirão Preto and National Institute of Science and Technology in Cell Therapy, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
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46
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Trackman PC. Enzymatic and non-enzymatic functions of the lysyl oxidase family in bone. Matrix Biol 2016; 52-54:7-18. [PMID: 26772152 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2016.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Revised: 01/02/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Advances in the understanding of the biological roles of the lysyl oxidase family of enzyme proteins in bone structure and function are reviewed. This family of proteins is well-known as catalyzing the final reaction required for cross-linking of collagens and elastin. Novel emerging roles for these proteins in the phenotypic development of progenitor cells and in angiogenesis are highlighted and which point to enzymatic and non-enzymatic roles for this family in bone development and homeostasis and in disease. The explosion of interest in the lysyl oxidase family in the cancer field highlights the need to have a better understanding of the functions of this protein family in normal and abnormal connective tissue homeostasis at fundamental molecular and cellular levels including in mineralized tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip C Trackman
- Boston University, Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, 700 Albany Street, W-201, Boston, MA 02118, United States.
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47
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Pankova D, Chen Y, Terajima M, Schliekelman MJ, Baird BN, Fahrenholtz M, Sun L, Gill BJ, Vadakkan TJ, Kim MP, Ahn YH, Roybal JD, Liu X, Parra Cuentas ER, Rodriguez J, Wistuba II, Creighton CJ, Gibbons DL, Hicks JM, Dickinson ME, West JL, Grande-Allen KJ, Hanash SM, Yamauchi M, Kurie JM. Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Induce a Collagen Cross-link Switch in Tumor Stroma. Mol Cancer Res 2015; 14:287-95. [PMID: 26631572 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-15-0307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 11/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Intratumoral collagen cross-links heighten stromal stiffness and stimulate tumor cell invasion, but it is unclear how collagen cross-linking is regulated in epithelial tumors. To address this question, we used Kras(LA1) mice, which develop lung adenocarcinomas from somatic activation of a Kras(G12D) allele. The lung tumors in Kras(LA1) mice were highly fibrotic and contained cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) that produced collagen and generated stiffness in collagen gels. In xenograft tumors generated by injection of wild-type mice with lung adenocarcinoma cells alone or in combination with CAFs, the total concentration of collagen cross-links was the same in tumors generated with or without CAFs, but coinjected tumors had higher hydroxylysine aldehyde-derived collagen cross-links (HLCC) and lower lysine-aldehyde-derived collagen cross-links (LCCs). Therefore, we postulated that an LCC-to-HLCC switch induced by CAFs promotes the migratory and invasive properties of lung adenocarcinoma cells. To test this hypothesis, we created coculture models in which CAFs are positioned interstitially or peripherally in tumor cell aggregates, mimicking distinct spatial orientations of CAFs in human lung cancer. In both contexts, CAFs enhanced the invasive properties of tumor cells in three-dimensional (3D) collagen gels. Tumor cell aggregates that attached to CAF networks on a Matrigel surface dissociated and migrated on the networks. Lysyl hydroxylase 2 (PLOD2/LH2), which drives HLCC formation, was expressed in CAFs, and LH2 depletion abrogated the ability of CAFs to promote tumor cell invasion and migration. IMPLICATIONS CAFs induce a collagen cross-link switch in tumor stroma to influence the invasive properties of tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Pankova
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Yulong Chen
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Masahiko Terajima
- NC Oral Health Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Mark J Schliekelman
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Brandi N Baird
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | | | - Li Sun
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Bartley J Gill
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas
| | - Tegy J Vadakkan
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Min P Kim
- Department of Surgery, The Methodist Hospital Research Institute, Houston, Texas
| | - Young-Ho Ahn
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Tissue Injury Defense Research Center, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jonathon D Roybal
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Edwin Roger Parra Cuentas
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Jaime Rodriguez
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Ignacio I Wistuba
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Chad J Creighton
- Department of Medicine and Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas. Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Don L Gibbons
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - John M Hicks
- Department of Pathology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas
| | - Mary E Dickinson
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Jennifer L West
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | | | - Samir M Hanash
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Mitsuo Yamauchi
- NC Oral Health Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina. Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
| | - Jonathan M Kurie
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas. Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
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48
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Saito M, Kida Y, Nishizawa T, Arakawa S, Okabe H, Seki A, Marumo K. Effects of 18-month treatment with bazedoxifene on enzymatic immature and mature cross-links and non-enzymatic advanced glycation end products, mineralization, and trabecular microarchitecture of vertebra in ovariectomized monkeys. Bone 2015; 81:573-580. [PMID: 26385255 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2015.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Revised: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Bazedoxifene (BZA) is used for the treatment of post-menopausal osteoporosis. To elucidate changes in collagen, mineralization, and structural properties and their relationship to bone strength after treatment with BZA in ovariectomized (OVX) monkeys, the levels of collagen and enzymatic immature, mature, and non-enzymatic cross-links were simultaneously examined, as well as trabecular architecture and mineralization of vertebrae. Adult female cynomolgus monkeys were divided into 4 groups (n=18 each) as follows: Sham group, OVX group, and OVX monkeys given either 0.2 or 0.5mg/kg BZA for 18 months. Collagen concentration, enzymatic and non-enzymatic pentosidine cross-links, whole fluorescent advanced glycation end products (AGEs), trabecular architecture, mineralization, and cancellous bone strength of vertebrae were analyzed. The levels of enzymatic immature and mature cross-links, bone volume (BV/TV), and trabecular thickness (Tb.Th) in BZA-treated groups were significantly higher than those in the OVX control group. In contrast, the trabecular bone pattern factor (TBPf), the structure model index (SMI), the enzymatic cross-link ratio, and the levels of pentosidine and whole AGEs in BZA-treated groups were significantly lower than those in the OVX control group. Stepwise logistic regression analysis revealed that BV/TV, Tb.Th, TbPf, and pentosidine or whole AGEs independently affected ultimate load (model R(2)=0.748, p<0.001) and breaking energy (model R(2)=0.702). Stiffness was affected by Tb.Th, enzymatic immature cross-link levels and their ratio (model R(2)=0.400). Treatment with BZA prevented OVX-induced deterioration in the total levels of immature enzymatic cross-links and AGEs accumulation and structural properties such as BV/TV, Tb.Th, and TbPf, which contribute significantly to vertebral cancellous bone strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuru Saito
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jikei University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Yoshikuni Kida
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jikei University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Nishizawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jikei University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Shotaro Arakawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jikei University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Hinako Okabe
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jikei University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Azusa Seki
- Tsukuba Research Center, HAMRI Co., Ltd., Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Keishi Marumo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jikei University School of Medicine, Japan
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49
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McNerny EMB, Gardinier JD, Kohn DH. Exercise increases pyridinoline cross-linking and counters the mechanical effects of concurrent lathyrogenic treatment. Bone 2015; 81:327-337. [PMID: 26211995 PMCID: PMC4640975 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2015.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Revised: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 07/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The collagen cross-link profile of bone, associated with bone strength and fracture toughness, is tightly regulated (affecting cross-link quantity, type, lysine hydroxylation and maturity) and may contribute to the improvements in bone quality during exercise. We hypothesized that 1) exercise promotes mature cross-link formation, 2) increased mature cross-linking is accompanied by shifts in lysine hydroxylation, and 3) these changes in collagen cross-link profile have positive effects on mechanical properties. Growing male C57Bl6 mice were treated with 30 min/day of running exercise, 350 mg/kg/day β-aminopropionitrile (BAPN) injected subcutaneously to inhibit enzymatic collagen cross-linking, or both exercise and BAPN, from 5 to 8 weeks of age. Bone collagen cross-linking profile, mechanical properties, morphology, and mineralization were measured from the tibiae. Cross-link measures, including immature, pyridinoline, pyrrole and pentosidine cross-links, ratios reflecting cross-link maturity and hydroxylation, and mineralization were tested for their importance to mechanical properties across 8 week groups through correlation analyses and step-wise linear regressions. BAPN treatment significantly reduced lysylpyridinoline, pyrrole, hydroxylysinorleucine, and total mature collagen cross-linking, resulting in decreased bone elastic modulus and increased yield strain despite a marginal increase in TMD. Exercise caused a shift toward pyridinoline cross-linking, with increased hydroxylysylpyridinoline and decreased pyrrole cross-linking resulting in total mature cross-linking and estimated tissue level mechanical properties matching sedentary control levels. Exercise superimposed on BAPN treatment increased total mature cross-linking from BAPN to control levels, but did so by increasing pyridinoline, not pyrrole, cross-links. Exercise also counteracted the BAPN effects on modulus and strain, without a change in TMD. Pyrrole cross-linking was the strongest correlate of modulus (r=0.470, p<0.01) and yield strain (r=-0.467, p<0.01). Cross-links with similar levels of telopeptide lysine hydroxylation to pyrrole (lysylpyridinoline and hydroxylysinorleucine) also correlated with modulus and strain to a lesser extent. In conclusion, exercise in growing mice promotes pyridinoline collagen cross-linking in bone, the resulting increase in total mature cross-linking is sufficient to counteract the mechanical effects of concurrent cross-link inhibition, and this responsiveness to loading is a potential means by which exercise might improve bone quality in diseased or otherwise compromised bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin M B McNerny
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Medical School, University of Michigan, MI, USA
| | - Joseph D Gardinier
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, MI, USA
| | - David H Kohn
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Medical School, University of Michigan, MI, USA; Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, MI, USA.
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50
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Kogan NM, Melamed E, Wasserman E, Raphael B, Breuer A, Stok KS, Sondergaard R, Escudero AVV, Baraghithy S, Attar-Namdar M, Friedlander-Barenboim S, Mathavan N, Isaksson H, Mechoulam R, Müller R, Bajayo A, Gabet Y, Bab I. Cannabidiol, a Major Non-Psychotropic Cannabis Constituent Enhances Fracture Healing and Stimulates Lysyl Hydroxylase Activity in Osteoblasts. J Bone Miner Res 2015; 30:1905-13. [PMID: 25801536 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.2513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2014] [Revised: 02/15/2015] [Accepted: 03/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cannabinoid ligands regulate bone mass, but skeletal effects of cannabis (marijuana and hashish) have not been reported. Bone fractures are highly prevalent, involving prolonged immobilization and discomfort. Here we report that the major non-psychoactive cannabis constituent, cannabidiol (CBD), enhances the biomechanical properties of healing rat mid-femoral fractures. The maximal load and work-to-failure, but not the stiffness, of femurs from rats given a mixture of CBD and Δ(9) -tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) for 8 weeks were markedly increased by CBD. This effect is not shared by THC (the psychoactive component of cannabis), but THC potentiates the CBD stimulated work-to-failure at 6 weeks postfracture followed by attenuation of the CBD effect at 8 weeks. Using micro-computed tomography (μCT), the fracture callus size was transiently reduced by either CBD or THC 4 weeks after fracture but reached control level after 6 and 8 weeks. The callus material density was unaffected by CBD and/or THC. By contrast, CBD stimulated mRNA expression of Plod1 in primary osteoblast cultures, encoding an enzyme that catalyzes lysine hydroxylation, which is in turn involved in collagen crosslinking and stabilization. Using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy we confirmed the increase in collagen crosslink ratio by CBD, which is likely to contribute to the improved biomechanical properties of the fracture callus. Taken together, these data show that CBD leads to improvement in fracture healing and demonstrate the critical mechanical role of collagen crosslinking enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalya M Kogan
- Bone Laboratory, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Eitan Melamed
- Bone Laboratory, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Elad Wasserman
- Bone Laboratory, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Bitya Raphael
- Bone Laboratory, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.,Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Aviva Breuer
- Institute for Drug Research, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Kathryn S Stok
- Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Saja Baraghithy
- Bone Laboratory, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | | | | | - Neashan Mathavan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Department of Orthopedics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Hanna Isaksson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Department of Orthopedics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Raphael Mechoulam
- Institute for Drug Research, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ralph Müller
- Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Alon Bajayo
- Bone Laboratory, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yankel Gabet
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Itai Bab
- Bone Laboratory, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
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