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Liu X, Mao X, Chen W, Zhang Y, Li T, Wang K, Lin N, Zhang Y. Tianhe Zhuifeng Gao reverses inflammatory response and attenuates bone/cartilage destruction in rheumatoid arthritis via PSMC2-RUNX2-COL1A1 axis based on transcriptional regulatory network analysis and experimental validation. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 138:112573. [PMID: 38971108 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tianhe Zhuifeng Gao (TZG) is an authorized Chinese patent drug with satisfying clinical efficacy, especially for RA patients with cold-dampness syndrome. However, its underlying pharmacological mechanisms remain unclear. METHOD Anti-arthritic effects of TZG were evaluated using an adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) rat model. Transcriptional regulatory network analysis based on synovial tissues obtained from AIA rats, combining with our previous analysis based on whole blood samples from RA patients with cold-dampness syndrome and co-immunoprecipitation were performed to identify involved dominant pathways, which were experimentally verified using AIA-wind-cold-dampness stimulation modified (AIA-M) animal model. RESULTS TZG treatment dramatically attenuated joint injury and inflammatory response in AIA rats, and PSMC2-RUNX2-COL1A1 axis, which was closely associated with bone/cartilage damage, was inferred to be one of therapeutic targets of TZG against RA. Experimentally, TZG displayed obvious pharmacological effects for alleviating the joint inflammation and destruction through reinstating the body weight, reducing the arthritis score, the limbs diameters, the levels of RF and CRP, and the inflammatory cytokines, recovering the thymus and spleen indexes, diminishing bone and cartilage destruction, as well elevating the pain thresholds of AIA-M rats. In addition, TZG markedly reversed the abnormal energy metabolism in AIA-M rats through enhancing articular temperature, daily water consumption, and regulating expression levels of energy metabolism parameters and hormones. Moreover, TZG also significantly modulated the abnormal expression levels of PSMC2, RUNX2 and COL1A1 proteins in the ankle tissues of AIA-M rats. CONCLUSION TZG may exert the bone protective effects in RA therapy via regulating bone and cartilage damage-associated PSMC2-RUNX2-COL1A1 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueting Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Xia Mao
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Wenjia Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Yi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Tao Li
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Kexin Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Na Lin
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Yanqiong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
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Lin G, Pan W, He Y, Yi X, Zhou P, Lu J. Opportunities and Perspectives for Three Dimensional Culture of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes. TISSUE ENGINEERING. PART B, REVIEWS 2024. [PMID: 38265004 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2023.0253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Exosomes are nanosized extracellular vesicles (EVs) that participate in intercellular communication through surface proteins and the delivery of internal cargo. The exosomes have gained attention for their potential as disease biomarkers and therapeutic agents. The therapeutic ability of exosomes has been verified by copious previous studies. Effective methods for extensive clinical applications are being researched for exosome-based regenerative therapies, including the application of 3D cultures to enhance exosome production and secretion, which can resolve limited exosome secretion from the parent cells. Cell culture has emerged as a crucial approach for biomedical research because of its many benefits. Both well-established continuous cell lines and primary cell cultures continue to be invaluable for basic research and clinical application. Previous studies have shown that three-dimensional cultured exosomes (3D-Exo) improve therapeutic properties and yields compared with traditional culture systems. Since the majority of studies have focused on exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-Exo), this review will also concentrate on MSC-Exo. In this review, we will summarize the advantages of 3D-Exo and introduce the 3D culture system and methods of exosome isolation, providing scientific strategies for the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of a wide variety of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanyi Lin
- Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wennuo Pan
- Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yinde He
- Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Yi
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Immune Regulation and Immunotherapy, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pengyu Zhou
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Lu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Xing W, Pourteymoor S, Udayakumar A, Chen Y, Mohan S. Targeted Overexpression of Claudin 11 in Osteoblasts Increases Trabecular Bone Mass by Stimulating Osteogenesis at the Expense of Adipogenesis in Mice. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:108. [PMID: 38392326 PMCID: PMC10886834 DOI: 10.3390/biology13020108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Mice lacking Claudin11 (Cldn11) manifest reduced trabecular bone mass. However, the impact of Cldn11 expression in osteoblasts in vivo remains understudied. Herein, we generated osteoblast-specific transgenic (Tg) mice expressing Cldn11 and characterized their skeletal phenotype. Micro-CT analyses of the distal metaphysis of the femur showed a 50% and a 38% increase in trabecular bone mass in Tg male and female mice, respectively, due to a significant increase in trabecular number and a reduction in trabecular separation. Histomorphometry and serum biomarker studies uncovered that increased trabecular bone mass in Cldn11 Tg mice was the consequence of enhanced bone formation. Accordingly, an abundance of bone formation (Alp, Bsp), but not bone resorption (Ctsk), markers were augmented in the femurs of Cldn11 Tg mice. Since the trabecular bone density is known to inversely correlate with the amount of marrow adipose tissue (MAT), we measured the MAT in osmium-tetroxide-labeled bones by micro-CT scanning. We found 86% less MAT in the proximal tibia of the Tg males. Consistently, the expression levels of the adipogenic markers, adiponectin and leptin, were 50% lower in the femurs of the Tg males. Our data are consistent with the possibility that claudin11 exerts anabolic effects in osteoblastic lineage cells that act via promoting the differentiation of marrow stem cells towards osteoblasts at the expense of adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weirong Xing
- Musculoskeletal Disease Center, Loma Linda VA Healthcare System, Loma Linda, CA 92357, USA
- Department of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - Sheila Pourteymoor
- Musculoskeletal Disease Center, Loma Linda VA Healthcare System, Loma Linda, CA 92357, USA
| | - Anakha Udayakumar
- Musculoskeletal Disease Center, Loma Linda VA Healthcare System, Loma Linda, CA 92357, USA
- Graduate School, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - Yian Chen
- Musculoskeletal Disease Center, Loma Linda VA Healthcare System, Loma Linda, CA 92357, USA
| | - Subburaman Mohan
- Musculoskeletal Disease Center, Loma Linda VA Healthcare System, Loma Linda, CA 92357, USA
- Department of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
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Lee KK, Changoor A, Grynpas MD, Mitchell J. Increased Osteoblast Gα S Promotes Ossification by Suppressing Cartilage and Enhancing Callus Mineralization During Fracture Repair in Mice. JBMR Plus 2023; 7:e10841. [PMID: 38130768 PMCID: PMC10731140 DOI: 10.1002/jbm4.10841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
GαS, the stimulatory G protein α-subunit that raises intracellular cAMP levels by activating adenylyl cyclase, plays a vital role in bone development, maintenance, and remodeling. Previously, using transgenic mice overexpressing GαS in osteoblasts (GS-Tg), we demonstrated the influence of osteoblast GαS level on osteogenesis, bone turnover, and skeletal responses to hyperparathyroidism. To further investigate whether alterations in GαS levels affect endochondral bone repair, a postnatal bone regenerative process that recapitulates embryonic bone development, we performed stabilized tibial osteotomy in male GS-Tg mice at 8 weeks of age and examined the progression of fracture healing by micro-CT, histomorphometry, and gene expression analysis over a 4-week period. Bone fractures from GS-Tg mice exhibited diminished cartilage formation at the time of peak soft callus formation at 1 week post-fracture followed by significantly enhanced callus mineralization and new bone formation at 2 weeks post-fracture. The opposing effects on chondrogenesis and osteogenesis were validated by downregulation of chondrogenic markers and upregulation of osteogenic markers. Histomorphometric analysis at times of increased bone formation (2 and 3 weeks post-fracture) revealed excess fibroblast-like cells on newly formed woven bone surfaces and elevated osteocyte density in GS-Tg fractures. Coincident with enhanced callus mineralization and bone formation, GS-Tg mice showed elevated active β-catenin and Wntless proteins in osteoblasts at 2 weeks post-fracture, further substantiated by increased mRNA encoding various canonical Wnts and Wnt target genes, suggesting elevated osteoblastic Wnt secretion and Wnt/β-catenin signaling. The GS-Tg bony callus at 4 weeks post-fracture exhibited greater mineral density and decreased polar moment of inertia, resulting in improved material stiffness. These findings highlight that elevated GαS levels increase Wnt signaling, conferring an increased osteogenic differentiation potential at the expense of chondrogenic differentiation, resulting in improved mechanical integrity. © 2023 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathy K Lee
- Department of Pharmacology and ToxicologyUniversity of TorontoTorontoCanada
- Lunenfeld‐Tanenbaum Research InstituteMount Sinai HospitalTorontoCanada
| | - Adele Changoor
- Lunenfeld‐Tanenbaum Research InstituteMount Sinai HospitalTorontoCanada
- Department of SurgeryUniversity of TorontoTorontoCanada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and PathobiologyUniversity of TorontoTorontoCanada
| | - Marc D Grynpas
- Lunenfeld‐Tanenbaum Research InstituteMount Sinai HospitalTorontoCanada
- Department of SurgeryUniversity of TorontoTorontoCanada
| | - Jane Mitchell
- Department of Pharmacology and ToxicologyUniversity of TorontoTorontoCanada
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5
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Lee S, Kim JH, Kim M, Hong S, Park H, Kim EJ, Kim EY, Lee C, Sohn Y, Jung HS. Exploring the Anti-Osteoporotic Potential of Daucosterol: Impact on Osteoclast and Osteoblast Activities. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16465. [PMID: 38003654 PMCID: PMC10671633 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a debilitating condition characterized by reduced bone mass and density, leading to compromised structural integrity of the bones. While conventional treatments, such as bisphosphonates and selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs), have been employed to mitigate bone loss, their effectiveness is often compromised by a spectrum of adverse side effects, ranging from gastrointestinal discomfort and musculoskeletal pain to more severe concerns like atypical fractures and hormonal imbalances. Daucosterol (DC), a natural compound derived from various plant sources, has recently garnered considerable attention in the field of pharmacology. In this study, we investigated the anti-osteoporosis potential of DC by characterizing its role in osteoclasts, osteoblasts, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced osteoporosis. The inhibitory effect of DC on osteoclast differentiation was determined by tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining, F-actin ring formation by fluorescent staining, and bone resorption by pit formation assay. In addition, the calcification nodule deposition effect of osteoblasts was determined by Alizarin red S staining. The effective mechanisms of both cells were verified by Western blot and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). To confirm the effect of DC in vivo, DC was administered to a model of osteoporosis by intraperitoneal administration of LPS. The anti-osteoporosis effect was then characterized by micro-CT and serum analysis. The results showed that DC effectively inhibited osteoclast differentiation at an early stage, promoted osteoblast activity, and inhibited LPS-induced bone density loss. The results of this study suggest that DC can treat osteoporosis through osteoclast and osteoblast regulation, and therefore may be considered as a new therapeutic alternative for osteoporosis patients in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hyuk Sang Jung
- Department of Anatomy, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyunghee dae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02-447, Republic of Korea; (S.L.); (J.-H.K.); (M.K.); (S.H.); (H.P.); (E.J.K.); (E.-Y.K.); (C.L.); (Y.S.)
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Kim M, Kim JH, Hong S, Lee S, Lee SH, Choi JW, Jung HS, Sohn Y. Dolichos Lablab Linné Inhibits Bone Density Loss and Promotes Bone Union in Senile Osteoporosis through Osteogenesis. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1350. [PMID: 37895821 PMCID: PMC10609789 DOI: 10.3390/ph16101350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
As populations continue to age, osteoporosis has emerged as an increasingly critical concern. Most advancements in osteoporosis treatment are predominantly directed toward addressing abnormal osteoclast activity associated with menopause, with limited progress in developing therapies that enhance osteoblast activity, particularly in the context of aging and fractures, and serious side effects associated with existing treatments have highlighted the necessity for natural-product-based treatments targeting senile osteoporosis and fractures. Dolichos lablab Linné (DL) is a natural product traditionally used for gastrointestinal disorders, and its potential role in addressing bone diseases has not been extensively studied. In this research, we investigated the anti-osteoporosis and bone-union-stimulating effects of DL using the SAMP6 model, a naturally aged mouse model. Additionally, we employed MC3T3-E1 cells to validate DL's osteoblast-promoting effect and to assess the involvement of core mechanisms such as the BMP-2/Smad and Wnt/β-catenin pathways. The experimental results revealed that DL promoted the formation of osteoblasts and calcified nodules by upregulating both the BMP-2/Smad and Wnt/β-catenin mechanisms. Based on its observed effects, DL demonstrated the potential to enhance bone mineral density in aged osteoporotic mice and promote bone union in fractured mice. These findings indicate the promising therapeutic potential of DL for the treatment of osteoporosis and bone-related conditions, thus warranting further investigation and potential clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Hyuk-Sang Jung
- Department of Anatomy, College of Korean Medicine, KyungHee University, Seoul 02-447, Republic of Korea; (M.K.); (J.-H.K.); (S.H.); (S.L.); (S.H.L.); (J.W.C.)
| | - Youngjoo Sohn
- Department of Anatomy, College of Korean Medicine, KyungHee University, Seoul 02-447, Republic of Korea; (M.K.); (J.-H.K.); (S.H.); (S.L.); (S.H.L.); (J.W.C.)
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7
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Piña JO, Raju R, Roth DM, Winchester EW, Chattaraj P, Kidwai F, Faucz FR, Iben J, Mitra A, Campbell K, Fridell G, Esnault C, Cotney JL, Dale RK, D'Souza RN. Multimodal spatiotemporal transcriptomic resolution of embryonic palate osteogenesis. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5687. [PMID: 37709732 PMCID: PMC10502152 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41349-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The terminal differentiation of osteoblasts and subsequent formation of bone marks an important phase in palate development that leads to the separation of the oral and nasal cavities. While the morphogenetic events preceding palatal osteogenesis are well explored, major gaps remain in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms driving the formation of this bony union of the fusing palate. Through bulk, single-nucleus, and spatially resolved RNA-sequencing analyses of the developing secondary palate, we identify a shift in transcriptional programming between embryonic days 14.5 and 15.5 pinpointing the onset of osteogenesis. We define spatially restricted expression patterns of key osteogenic marker genes that are differentially expressed between these developmental timepoints. Finally, we identify genes in the palate highly expressed by palate nasal epithelial cells, also enriched within palatal osteogenic mesenchymal cells. This investigation provides a relevant framework to advance palate-specific diagnostic and therapeutic biomarker discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremie Oliver Piña
- Section on Craniofacial Genetic Disorders, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Resmi Raju
- Section on Craniofacial Genetic Disorders, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Daniela M Roth
- Section on Craniofacial Genetic Disorders, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
- School of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | | | - Parna Chattaraj
- Section on Craniofacial Genetic Disorders, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Fahad Kidwai
- Section on Craniofacial Genetic Disorders, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Fabio R Faucz
- Molecular Genomics Core, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - James Iben
- Molecular Genomics Core, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Apratim Mitra
- Bioinformatics and Scientific Programming Core, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kiersten Campbell
- Bioinformatics and Scientific Programming Core, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Gus Fridell
- Bioinformatics and Scientific Programming Core, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Caroline Esnault
- Bioinformatics and Scientific Programming Core, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Justin L Cotney
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Ryan K Dale
- Bioinformatics and Scientific Programming Core, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Rena N D'Souza
- Section on Craniofacial Genetic Disorders, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA.
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Kalinina A, Semenova M, Bruter A, Varlamova E, Kubekina M, Pavlenko N, Silaeva Y, Deikin A, Antoshina E, Gorkova T, Trukhanova L, Salmina A, Novikova S, Voronkov D, Kazansky D, Khromykh L. Cyclophilin A as a Pro-Inflammatory Factor Exhibits Embryotoxic and Teratogenic Effects during Fetal Organogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11279. [PMID: 37511039 PMCID: PMC10380070 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The precise balance of Th1, Th2, and Th17 cytokines is a key factor in successful pregnancy and normal embryonic development. However, to date, not all humoral factors that regulate and influence physiological pregnancy have been completely studied. Our data here pointed out cyclophilin A (CypA) as the adverse pro-inflammatory factor negatively affecting fetal development and associated with pregnancy complications. In different mouse models in vivo, we demonstrated dramatic embryotoxicity and teratogenicity of increased CypA levels during pregnancy. Using generated transgenic models, we showed that CypA overexpression in fetal tissues induced the death of all transgenic fetuses and complete miscarriage. Administration of recombinant human CypA in a high dose to pregnant females during fetal organogenesis (6.5-11.5 dpc) exhibited teratogenic effects, causing severe defects in the brain and bone development that could lead to malformations and postnatal behavioral and cognitive disorders in the offspring. Embryotoxic and teratogenic effects could be mediated by CypA-induced up-regulation of M1 macrophage polarization via activation of the STAT1/3 signaling pathways. Here, we propose secreted CypA as a novel marker of complicated pregnancy and a therapeutic target for the correction of pregnancy complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasiia Kalinina
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115478, Russia
| | - Maria Semenova
- Department of Embryology, Faculty of Biology, Moscow State University, 1/12 Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119992, Russia
| | - Alexandra Bruter
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115478, Russia
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 34/5 Vavilov Street, Moscow 119334, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Varlamova
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 34/5 Vavilov Street, Moscow 119334, Russia
| | - Marina Kubekina
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 34/5 Vavilov Street, Moscow 119334, Russia
| | - Natalia Pavlenko
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 34/5 Vavilov Street, Moscow 119334, Russia
| | - Yulia Silaeva
- Core Facility Center, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 34/5 Vavilova Street, Moscow 119334, Russia
| | - Alexey Deikin
- United Center for Genetic Technologies, Belgorod State National Research University, 85 Pobedi Street, Belgorod 308001, Russia
| | - Elena Antoshina
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115478, Russia
| | - Tatyana Gorkova
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115478, Russia
| | - Lubov Trukhanova
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115478, Russia
| | - Alla Salmina
- Research Center of Neurology, 80 Volokolamskoye Shosse, Moscow 125367, Russia
| | - Svetlana Novikova
- Research Center of Neurology, 80 Volokolamskoye Shosse, Moscow 125367, Russia
| | - Dmitry Voronkov
- Research Center of Neurology, 80 Volokolamskoye Shosse, Moscow 125367, Russia
| | - Dmitry Kazansky
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115478, Russia
| | - Ludmila Khromykh
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115478, Russia
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9
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Lin YC, Sahoo BK, Gau SS, Yang RB. The biology of SCUBE. J Biomed Sci 2023; 30:33. [PMID: 37237303 PMCID: PMC10214685 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-023-00925-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The SCUBE [Signal peptide-Complement C1r/C1s, Uegf, Bmp1 (CUB)-Epithelial growth factor domain-containing protein] family consists of three proteins in vertebrates, SCUBE1, 2 and 3, which are highly conserved in zebrafish, mice and humans. Each SCUBE gene encodes a polypeptide of approximately 1000 amino acids that is organized into five modular domains: (1) an N-terminal signal peptide sequence, (2) nine tandem epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like repeats, (3) a large spacer region, (4) three cysteine-rich (CR) motifs, and (5) a CUB domain at the C-terminus. Murine Scube genes are expressed individually or in combination during the development of various tissues, including those in the central nervous system and the axial skeleton. The cDNAs of human SCUBE orthologs were originally cloned from vascular endothelial cells, but SCUBE expression has also been found in platelets, mammary ductal epithelium and osteoblasts. Both soluble and membrane-associated SCUBEs have been shown to play important roles in physiology and pathology. For instance, upregulation of SCUBEs has been reported in acute myeloid leukemia, breast cancer and lung cancer. In addition, soluble SCUBE1 is released from activated platelets and can be used as a clinical biomarker for acute coronary syndrome and ischemic stroke. Soluble SCUBE2 enhances distal signaling by facilitating the secretion of dual-lipidated hedgehog from nearby ligand-producing cells in a paracrine manner. Interestingly, the spacer regions and CR motifs can increase or enable SCUBE binding to cell surfaces via electrostatic or glycan-lectin interactions. As such, membrane-associated SCUBEs can function as coreceptors that enhance the signaling activity of various serine/threonine kinase or tyrosine kinase receptors. For example, membrane-associated SCUBE3 functions as a coreceptor that promotes signaling in bone morphogenesis. In humans, SCUBE3 mutations are linked to abnormalities in growth and differentiation of both bones and teeth. In addition to studies on human SCUBE function, experimental results from genetically modified mouse models have yielded important insights in the field of systems biology. In this review, we highlight novel molecular discoveries and critical directions for future research on SCUBE proteins in the context of cancer, skeletal disease and cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuh-Charn Lin
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Binay K Sahoo
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shiang-Shin Gau
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ruey-Bing Yang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Biomedical Translation Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Program in Drug Discovery and Development Industry, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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10
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Huang H, Lu J, Aukhil I, Yu C, Bhut B, Marchesan J, Pirih F, Chang J. FBXO11 regulates bone development. Bone 2023; 170:116709. [PMID: 36863499 PMCID: PMC11008459 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2023.116709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
FBXO11 is the substrate-recognition component of a ubiquitin ligase complex called SKP1-cullin-F-boxes. The role of FBXO11 in bone development is unexplored. In this study, we reported a novel mechanism of how bone development is regulated by FBXO11. FBXO11 gene knockdown by lentiviral transduction in mouse pre-osteoblast MC3T3-E1 cells leads to reduced osteogenic differentiation, while overexpressing FBXO11 accelerates their osteogenic differentiation in vitro. Furthermore, we generated two osteoblastic-specific FBXO11 conditional knockout mouse models, Col1a1-ERT2-FBXO11KO and Bglap2-FBXO11KO mice. In both conditional FBXO11KO mouse models, we found FBXO11 deficiency inhibits normal bone growth, in which the osteogenic activity in FBXO11cKO mice is reduced, while osteoclastic activity is not significantly changed. Mechanistically, we found FBXO11 deficiency leads to Snail1 protein accumulation in osteoblasts, leading to suppression of osteogenic activity and inhibition of bone matrix mineralization. FBXO11 knockdown in MC3T3-E1 cells reduced Snail1 protein ubiquitination and increased Snail1 protein accumulation in the cells, which eventually inhibited osteogenic differentiation. In conclusion, FBXO11 deficiency in osteoblasts inhibits bone formation through Snail1 accumulation, inhibiting osteogenic activity and bone mineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Huang
- Department of Periodontology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Jianrong Lu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Ikramuddin Aukhil
- Department of Periodontology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Colton Yu
- Department of Periodontology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Brinda Bhut
- Department of Periodontology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Julie Marchesan
- Division of Comprehensive Oral Health, Periodontology, Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Flavia Pirih
- Section of Periodontics, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Jia Chang
- Department of Periodontology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
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11
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Piña JO, Raju R, Roth DM, Chattaraj P, Kidwai F, Faucz FR, Iben J, Mitra A, Campbell K, Fridell G, Esnault C, Dale RK, D’Souza RN. Integrated spatiotemporal transcriptomic resolution of embryonic palate osteogenesis. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.30.534875. [PMID: 37333290 PMCID: PMC10274879 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.30.534875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
The differentiation of osteoblasts and the subsequent formation of bone marks an important terminal phase in palate formation that leads to the separation of the oral and nasal cavities. While the developmental events that precede palatal osteogenesis are well explored, major gaps remain in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms that lead to the bony union of fusing palatal shelves. Herein, the timeline of osteogenic transcriptional programming is unveiled in the embryonic palate by way of integrated bulk, single-cell, and spatially resolved RNA-seq analyses. We define spatially restricted expression patterns of key marker genes, both regulatory and structural, that are differentially expressed during palatal fusion, including the identification of several novel genes ( Deup1, Dynlrb2, Lrrc23 ) spatially restricted in expression to the palate, providing a relevant framework for future studies that identify new candidate genes for cleft palate anomalies in humans as well as the timing of mammalian embryonic palatal osteogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremie Oliver Piña
- Section on Molecules & Therapies for Craniofacial & Dental Disorders, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Resmi Raju
- Section on Molecules & Therapies for Craniofacial & Dental Disorders, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Daniela M. Roth
- Section on Molecules & Therapies for Craniofacial & Dental Disorders, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
- School of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, CA
| | - Parna Chattaraj
- Section on Molecules & Therapies for Craniofacial & Dental Disorders, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Fahad Kidwai
- Section on Molecules & Therapies for Craniofacial & Dental Disorders, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Fabio R. Faucz
- Molecular Genomics Core, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - James Iben
- Molecular Genomics Core, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Apratim Mitra
- Bioinformatics and Scientific Programming Core, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kiersten Campbell
- Bioinformatics and Scientific Programming Core, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Gus Fridell
- Bioinformatics and Scientific Programming Core, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Caroline Esnault
- Bioinformatics and Scientific Programming Core, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ryan K. Dale
- Bioinformatics and Scientific Programming Core, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Rena N. D’Souza
- Section on Molecules & Therapies for Craniofacial & Dental Disorders, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
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12
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Dương TB, Dwivedi R, Bain LJ. 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol exposure impairs osteogenic differentiation. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2023; 461:116386. [PMID: 36682590 PMCID: PMC9974311 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2023.116386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
2,4-di-tert-butylphenol (2,4-DTBP) is a synthetic antioxidant used in polyethylene crosspolymer (PEX) water distribution pipes and food-related plastics. 2,4-DTBP can leach from plastic materials and has been found in breast milk, cord blood, and placental tissue, giving rise to the concern that this compound may interfere with fetal development. The objective of this study is to assess the impacts of 2,4-DTBP on cellular differentiation. Human induced pluripotent stem (HiPS) cells were differentiated into osteoblasts or myoblasts over 40 days, and analyzed for markers of somite, dermomyotome, sclerotome, myoblast, and osteoblast development. When cultured as stem cells, 2,4-DTBP did not alter cell viability and expression of markers (NANOG, OCT4). However, upon differentiation into somite-like cells, 2,4-DTBP had reduced levels of MEOX1 and TBX6 transcripts, while NANOG and OCT4 were in turn upregulated in a dose-dependent manner. At the sclerotome-like stage, PAX9 mRNA decreased by 2-fold in the 0.5 μM and 1.0 μM 2,4-DTBP exposure groups. After 40 days of differentiation into an osteoblast-like lineage, exposure to 2,4-DTBP significantly reduced expression of the osteogenesis transcripts RUNX2 and OSX in a dose-dependent manner. Further, Alizarin Red staining of calcium deposits was decreased in the 0.5 μM and 1.0 μM treatment groups. In contrast, myogenesis was not affected by 2,4-DTBP exposure. Interestingly, KEAP1 expression was significantly increased in the sclerotomal-like cells, but decreased in the dermomytomal-like cells, which may suggest a mechanism of action. Overall, this study shows that 2,4-DTBP can delay key processes during sclerotome and osteoblast development, leading to a potential for bone developmental issues in exposed individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanh-Bình Dương
- Department of Biological Sciences, Clemson University, 132 Long Hall, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Raj Dwivedi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Clemson University, 132 Long Hall, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Lisa J Bain
- Department of Biological Sciences, Clemson University, 132 Long Hall, Clemson, SC 29634, USA.
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13
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Franco RAG, McKenna E, Robey PG, Crawford RW, Doran MR, Futrega K. SP7 gene silencing dampens bone marrow stromal cell hypertrophy, but it also dampens chondrogenesis. J Tissue Eng 2023; 14:20417314231177136. [PMID: 37362901 PMCID: PMC10288420 DOI: 10.1177/20417314231177136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
For bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC) to be useful in cartilage repair their propensity for hypertrophic differentiation must be overcome. A single day of TGF-β1 stimulation activates intrinsic signaling cascades in BMSCs which subsequently drives both chondrogenic and hypertrophic differentiation. TGF-β1 stimulation upregulates SP7, a transcription factor known to contribute to hypertrophic differentiation, and SP7 remains upregulated even if TGF-β1 is subsequently withdrawn from the chondrogenic induction medium. Herein, we stably transduced BMSCs to express an shRNA designed to silence SP7, and assess the capacity of SP7 silencing to mitigate hypertrophy. SP7 silencing dampened both hypertrophic and chondrogenic differentiation processes, resulting in diminished microtissue size, impaired glycosaminoglycan production and reduced chondrogenic and hypertrophic gene expression. Thus, while hypertrophic features were dampened by SP7 silencing, chondrogenic differentation was also compromised. We further investigated the role of SP7 in monolayer osteogenic and adipogenic cultures, finding that SP7 silencing dampened characteristic mineralization and lipid vacuole formation, respectively. Overall, SP7 silencing affects the trilineage differentiation of BMSCs, but is insufficient to decouple BMSC hypertrophy from chondrogenesis. These data highlight the challenge of promoting BMSC chondrogenesis whilst simultaneously reducing hypertrophy in cartilage tissue engineering strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rose Ann G Franco
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Translational Research Institute (TRI), Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Center for Biomedical Technologies, Faculty of Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Eamonn McKenna
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Translational Research Institute (TRI), Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Center for Biomedical Technologies, Faculty of Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Pamela G Robey
- Skeletal Biology Section (SBS), National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ross W Crawford
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Center for Biomedical Technologies, Faculty of Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Michael R Doran
- Translational Research Institute (TRI), Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Center for Biomedical Technologies, Faculty of Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Skeletal Biology Section (SBS), National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), Bethesda, MD, USA
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- AstraZeneca, Biologics Engineering, Oncology R&D, One MedImmune Way, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Kathryn Futrega
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Translational Research Institute (TRI), Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Center for Biomedical Technologies, Faculty of Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Skeletal Biology Section (SBS), National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), Bethesda, MD, USA
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14
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Cho S, Choi H, Jeong H, Kwon SY, Roh EJ, Jeong KH, Baek I, Kim BJ, Lee SH, Han I, Cha JM. Preclinical Study of Human Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Using a 3-Dimensional Manufacturing Setting for Enhancing Spinal Fusion. Stem Cells Transl Med 2022; 11:1072-1088. [PMID: 36180050 PMCID: PMC9585955 DOI: 10.1093/stcltm/szac052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal fusion surgery is a surgical technique that connects one or more vertebrae at the same time to prevent movement between the vertebrae. Although synthetic bone substitutes or osteogenesis-inducing recombinant proteins were introduced to promote bone union, the rate of revision surgery is still high due to pseudarthrosis. To promote successful fusion after surgery, stem cells with or without biomaterials were introduced; however, conventional 2D-culture environments have resulted in a considerable loss of the innate therapeutic properties of stem cells. Therefore, we conducted a preclinical study applying 3D-spheroids of human bone marrow-dewrived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to a mouse spinal fusion model. First, we built a large-scale manufacturing platform for MSC spheroids, which is applicable to good manufacturing practice (GMP). Comprehensive biomolecular examinations, which include liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and bioinformatics could suggest a framework of quality control (QC) standards for the MSC spheroid product regarding the identity, purity, viability, and potency. In our animal study, the mass-produced and quality-controlled MSC spheroids, either undifferentiated or osteogenically differentiated were well-integrated into decorticated bone of the lumbar spine, and efficiently improved angiogenesis, bone regeneration, and mechanical stability with statistical significance compared to 2D-cultured MSCs. This study proposes a GMP-applicable bioprocessing platform and QC directions of MSC spheroids aiming for their clinical application in spinal fusion surgery as a new bone graft substitute.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumin Cho
- Department of Mechatronics Engineering, College of Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, Republic of Korea.,3D Stem Cell Bioengineering Laboratory, Research Institute for Engineering and Technology, Incheon National University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyemin Choi
- Department of Neurosurgery, CHA University School of Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyundoo Jeong
- Department of Mechatronics Engineering, College of Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Yeon Kwon
- Department of Neurosurgery, CHA University School of Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ji Roh
- Department of Neurosurgery, CHA University School of Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Hun Jeong
- Department of Mechatronics Engineering, College of Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, Republic of Korea.,3D Stem Cell Bioengineering Laboratory, Research Institute for Engineering and Technology, Incheon National University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Inho Baek
- Department of Biomedical Technology, Dongguk University, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung Ju Kim
- Department of Biomedical Technology, Dongguk University, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Hong Lee
- Department of Biomedical Technology, Dongguk University, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Inbo Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, CHA University School of Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Min Cha
- Department of Mechatronics Engineering, College of Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, Republic of Korea.,3D Stem Cell Bioengineering Laboratory, Research Institute for Engineering and Technology, Incheon National University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
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15
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Lin X, Zhang H, Liu J, Wu CL, McDavid A, Boyce BF, Xing L. Aged Callus Skeletal Stem/Progenitor Cells Contain an Inflammatory Osteogenic Population With Increased IRF and NF-κB Pathways and Reduced Osteogenic Potential. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:806528. [PMID: 35755815 PMCID: PMC9218815 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.806528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal stem/progenitor cells (SSPCs) are critical for fracture repair by providing osteo-chondro precursors in the callus, which is impaired in aging. However, the molecular signatures of callus SSPCs during aging are not known. Herein, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing on 11,957 CD45-CD31-Ter119- SSPCs isolated from young and aged mouse calluses. Combining unsupervised clustering, putative makers, and DEGs/pathway analyses, major SSPC clusters were annotated as osteogenic, proliferating, and adipogenic populations. The proliferating cluster had a differentiating potential into osteogenic and adipogenic lineages by trajectory analysis. The osteoblastic/adipogenic/proliferating potential of individual clusters was further evidenced by elevated expression of genes related to osteoblasts, adipocytes, or proliferation. The osteogenic cluster was sub-clustered into house-keeping and inflammatory osteogenic populations that were decreased and increased in aged callus, respectively. The majority of master regulators for the inflammatory osteogenic population belong to IRF and NF-κB families, which was confirmed by immunostaining, RT-qPCR, and Western blot analysis. Furthermore, cells in the inflammatory osteogenic sub-cluster had reduced osteoblast differentiation capacity. In conclusion, we identified 3 major clusters in callus SSPCs, confirming their heterogeneity and, importantly, increased IRF/NF-κB-mediated inflammatory osteogenic population with decreased osteogenic potential in aged cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- X. Lin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - H. Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - J. Liu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - C L. Wu
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - A. McDavid
- Biostatistics and Computational Biology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - B. F. Boyce
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Rochester, NY, United States
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - L. Xing
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Rochester, NY, United States
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, Rochester, NY, United States
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16
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Bucchi C, Ohlsson E, de Anta JM, Woelflick M, Galler K, Manzanares-Cespedes MC, Widbiller M. Human Amnion Epithelial Cells: A Potential Cell Source for Pulp Regeneration? Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052830. [PMID: 35269973 PMCID: PMC8911206 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyze the suitability of pluripotent stem cells derived from the amnion (hAECs) as a potential cell source for revitalization in vitro. hAECs were isolated from human placentas, and dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) and dentin matrix proteins (eDMPs) were obtained from human teeth. Both hAECs and hDPSCs were cultured with 10% FBS, eDMPs and an osteogenic differentiation medium (StemPro). Viability was assessed by MTT and cell adherence to dentin was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy. Furthermore, the expression of mineralization-, odontogenic differentiation- and epithelial–mesenchymal transition-associated genes was analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR, and mineralization was evaluated through Alizarin Red staining. The viability of hAECs was significantly lower compared with hDPSCs in all groups and at all time points. Both hAECs and hDPSCs adhered to dentin and were homogeneously distributed. The regulation of odontoblast differentiation- and mineralization-associated genes showed the lack of transition of hAECs into an odontoblastic phenotype; however, genes associated with epithelial–mesenchymal transition were significantly upregulated in hAECs. hAECs showed small amounts of calcium deposition after osteogenic differentiation with StemPro. Pluripotent hAECs adhere on dentin and possess the capacity to mineralize. However, they presented an unfavorable proliferation behavior and failed to undergo odontoblastic transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Bucchi
- Research Centre for Dental Sciences (CICO), Department of Integral Adult Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
- Correspondence:
| | - Ella Ohlsson
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (E.O.); (M.W.); (M.W.)
| | - Josep Maria de Anta
- Human Anatomy and Embryology Unit, Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Campus de Bellvitge, Universitat de Barcelona, 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; (J.M.d.A.); (M.C.M.-C.)
| | - Melanie Woelflick
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (E.O.); (M.W.); (M.W.)
| | - Kerstin Galler
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany;
| | - María Cristina Manzanares-Cespedes
- Human Anatomy and Embryology Unit, Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Campus de Bellvitge, Universitat de Barcelona, 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; (J.M.d.A.); (M.C.M.-C.)
| | - Matthias Widbiller
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (E.O.); (M.W.); (M.W.)
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17
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Human Sex Matters: Y-Linked Lysine Demethylase 5D Drives Accelerated Male Craniofacial Osteogenic Differentiation. Cells 2022; 11:cells11050823. [PMID: 35269444 PMCID: PMC8909072 DOI: 10.3390/cells11050823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Female sex is increasingly associated with a loss of bone mass during aging and an increased risk of developing nonunion fractures. Hormonal factors and cell-intrinsic mechanisms are suggested to drive these sexual dimorphisms, although underlying molecular mechanisms are still a matter of debate. Here, we observed a decreased capacity of calvarial bone recovery in female rats and a profound sexually dimorphic osteogenic differentiation in human adult neural crest-derived stem cells (NCSCs). Next to an elevated expression of pro-osteogenic regulators, global transcriptomics revealed Lysine Demethylase 5D (KDM5D) to be highly upregulated in differentiating male NCSCs. Loss of function by siRNA or pharmacological inhibition of KDM5D significantly reduced the osteogenic differentiation capacity of male NCSCs. In summary, we demonstrated craniofacial osteogenic differentiation to be sexually dimorphic with the expression of KDM5D as a prerequisite for accelerated male osteogenic differentiation, emphasizing the analysis of sex-specific differences as a crucial parameter for treating bone defects.
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18
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Nowwarote N, Petit S, Ferre FC, Dingli F, Laigle V, Loew D, Osathanon T, Fournier BPJ. Extracellular Matrix Derived From Dental Pulp Stem Cells Promotes Mineralization. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 9:740712. [PMID: 35155398 PMCID: PMC8829122 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.740712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Extracellular matrix (ECM) plays a pivotal role in many physiological processes. ECM macromolecules and associated factors differ according to tissues, impact cell differentiation, and tissue homeostasis. Dental pulp ECM may differ from other oral tissues and impact mineralization. Thus, the present study aimed to identify the matrisome of ECM proteins derived from human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) and its ability to regulate mineralization even in cells which do not respond to assaults by mineralization, the human gingival fibroblasts (GF). Methods: ECM were extracted from DPSCs cultured in normal growth medium supplemented with L-ascorbic acid (N-ECM) or in osteogenic induction medium (OM-ECM). ECM decellularization (dECM) was performed using 0.5% triton X-100 in 20 mM ammonium hydroxide after 21 days. Mass spectrometry and proteomic analysis identified and quantified matrisome proteins. Results: The dECM contained ECM proteins but lacked cellular components and mineralization. Interestingly, collagens (COL6A1, COL6A2, and COL6A3) and elastic fibers (FBN1, FBLN2, FN1, and HSPG2) were significantly represented in N-ECM, while annexins (ANXA1, ANXA4, ANXA5, ANXA6, ANXA7, and ANXA11) were significantly overdetected in OM-ECM. GF were reseeded on N-dECM and OM-dECM and cultured in normal or osteogenic medium. GF were able to attach and proliferate on N-dECM and OM-dECM. Both dECM enhanced mineralization of GF at day 14 compared to tissue culture plate (TCP). In addition, OM-dECM promoted higher mineralization of GF than N-dECM although cultured in growth medium. Conclusions: ECM derived from DPSCs proved to be osteoinductive, and this knowledge supported cell-derived ECM can be further utilized for tissue engineering of mineralized tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nunthawan Nowwarote
- Dental Stem Cell Biology Research Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM UMRS 1138, Molecular Oral Pathophysiology, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Department of Oral Biology, Dental Faculty Garancière, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Stephane Petit
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM UMRS 1138, Molecular Oral Pathophysiology, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Francois Come Ferre
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM UMRS 1138, Molecular Oral Pathophysiology, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Florent Dingli
- Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse Protéomique, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Victor Laigle
- Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse Protéomique, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Damarys Loew
- Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse Protéomique, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Thanaphum Osathanon
- Dental Stem Cell Biology Research Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- *Correspondence: Thanaphum Osathanon, ; Benjamin P. J. Fournier,
| | - Benjamin P. J. Fournier
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM UMRS 1138, Molecular Oral Pathophysiology, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Department of Oral Biology, Dental Faculty Garancière, Université de Paris, Paris, France
- *Correspondence: Thanaphum Osathanon, ; Benjamin P. J. Fournier,
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19
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Pissarra MF, Torello CO, Gomes RGB, Shiraishi RN, Santos I, Vieira Ferro KP, Lopes MR, Bergamo Favaro PM, Olalla Saad ST, Lazarini M. Arhgap21 Deficiency Results in Increase of Osteoblastic Lineage Cells in the Murine Bone Marrow Microenvironment. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:718560. [PMID: 34917608 PMCID: PMC8670086 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.718560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
ARHGAP21 is a member of the RhoGAP family of proteins involved in cell growth, differentiation, and adhesion. We have previously shown that the heterozygous Arhgap21 knockout mouse model (Arhgap21+/-) presents several alterations in the hematopoietic compartment, including increased frequency of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPC) with impaired adhesion in vitro, increased mobilization to peripheral blood, and decreased engraftment after bone marrow transplantation. Although these HSPC functions strongly depend on their interactions with the components of the bone marrow (BM) niche, the role of ARHGAP21 in the marrow microenvironment has not yet been explored. In this study, we investigated the composition and function of the BM microenvironment in Arhgap21+/- mice. The BM of Arhgap21+/- mice presented a significant increase in the frequency of phenotypic osteoblastic lineage cells, with no differences in the frequencies of multipotent stromal cells or endothelial cells when compared to the BM of wild type mice. Arhgap21+/- BM cells had increased capacity of generating osteogenic colony-forming units (CFU-OB) in vitro and higher levels of osteocalcin were detected in the Arhgap21+/- BM supernatant. Increased expression of Col1a1, Ocn and decreased expression of Trap1 were observed after osteogenic differentiation of Arhgap21+/- BM cells. In addition, Arhgap21+/- mice recipients of normal BM cells showed decreased leucocyte numbers during transplantation recovery. Our data suggest participation of ARHGAP21 in the balanced composition of the BM microenvironment through the regulation of osteogenic differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Irene Santos
- Hematology and Hemotherapy Center, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Patricia Maria Bergamo Favaro
- Hematology and Hemotherapy Center, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.,Institute of Environmental, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences-Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Mariana Lazarini
- Hematology and Hemotherapy Center, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.,Institute of Environmental, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences-Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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20
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Li J, Wang L, Yu D, Hao J, Zhang L, Adeola AC, Mao B, Gao Y, Wu S, Zhu C, Zhang Y, Ren J, Mu C, Irwin DM, Wang L, Hai T, Xie H, Zhang Y. Single-cell RNA-sequencing Reveals Thoracolumbar Vertebra Heterogeneity and Rib-genesis in Pigs. GENOMICS PROTEOMICS & BIOINFORMATICS 2021; 19:423-436. [PMID: 34775075 PMCID: PMC8864194 DOI: 10.1016/j.gpb.2021.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Thoracolumbar vertebra (TLV) and rib primordium (RP) development is a common evolutionary feature across vertebrates, although whole-organism analysis of TLV and RP gene expression dynamics has been lacking. Here we investigated the single-cell transcriptomic landscape of thoracic vertebra (TV), lumbar vertebra (LV), and RP cells from a pig embryo at 27 days post-fertilization (dpf) and identified six cell types with distinct gene-expression signatures. In-depth dissection of the gene-expression dynamics and RNA velocity revealed a coupled process of osteogenesis and angiogenesis during TLV and rib development. Further analysis of cell-type-specific and strand-specific expression uncovered the extremely high levels of Hoxa10 3'-untranslated region (UTR) sequence specific to osteoblast of LV cells, which may function as anti-Hoxa10-antisense by counteracting the Hoxa10-antisense effect to determine TLV transition. Thus, this work provides a valuable resource for understanding embryonic osteogenesis and angiogenesis underlying vertebrate TLV and RP development at the cell-type-specific resolution, which serves as a comprehensive view on the transcriptional profile of animal embryo development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Yunnan Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Domestic Animals, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
| | - Ligang Wang
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Dawei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Junfeng Hao
- Core Facility for Protein Research, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Longchao Zhang
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Adeniyi C. Adeola
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Yunnan Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Domestic Animals, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
| | - Bingyu Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Yunnan Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Domestic Animals, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S1A8, Canada
| | - Yun Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Yunnan Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Domestic Animals, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
| | - Shifang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Yunnan Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Domestic Animals, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
| | - Chunling Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Yunnan Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Domestic Animals, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
| | - Yongqing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Molecular and Developmental Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 10010, China
| | - Jilong Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Changgai Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Yunnan Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Domestic Animals, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
| | - David M. Irwin
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Yunnan Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Domestic Animals, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S1A8, Canada
| | - Lixian Wang
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Corresponding authors.
| | - Tang Hai
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Corresponding authors.
| | - Haibing Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Yunnan Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Domestic Animals, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
- Corresponding authors.
| | - Yaping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Yunnan Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Domestic Animals, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
- Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
- Corresponding authors.
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21
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Winter EM, Kooijman S, Appelman-Dijkstra NM, Meijer OC, Rensen PC, Schilperoort M. Chronobiology and Chronotherapy of Osteoporosis. JBMR Plus 2021; 5:e10504. [PMID: 34693186 PMCID: PMC8520066 DOI: 10.1002/jbm4.10504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Physiological circadian (ie, 24-hour) rhythms are critical for bone health. Animal studies have shown that genes involved in the intrinsic molecular clock demonstrate potent circadian expression patterns in bone and that genetic disruption of these clock genes results in a disturbed bone structure and quality. More importantly, circulating markers of bone remodeling show diurnal variation in mice as well as humans, and circadian disruption by, eg, working night shifts is associated with the bone remodeling disorder osteoporosis. In this review, we provide an overview of the current literature on rhythmic bone remodeling and its underlying mechanisms and identify critical knowledge gaps. In addition, we discuss novel (chrono)therapeutic strategies to reduce osteoporosis by utilizing our knowledge on circadian regulation of bone. © 2021 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth M Winter
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology Leiden University Medical Center Leiden The Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine Leiden The Netherlands.,Department of Medicine, Center for Bone Quality Leiden University Medical Center Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Sander Kooijman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology Leiden University Medical Center Leiden The Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Natasha M Appelman-Dijkstra
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology Leiden University Medical Center Leiden The Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine Leiden The Netherlands.,Department of Medicine, Center for Bone Quality Leiden University Medical Center Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Onno C Meijer
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology Leiden University Medical Center Leiden The Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Patrick Cn Rensen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology Leiden University Medical Center Leiden The Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Maaike Schilperoort
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology Leiden University Medical Center Leiden The Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine Leiden The Netherlands
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22
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Yoshioka H, Okita S, Nakano M, Minamizaki T, Nubukiyo A, Sotomaru Y, Bonnelye E, Kozai K, Tanimoto K, Aubin JE, Yoshiko Y. Single-Cell RNA-Sequencing Reveals the Breadth of Osteoblast Heterogeneity. JBMR Plus 2021; 5:e10496. [PMID: 34189385 PMCID: PMC8216137 DOI: 10.1002/jbm4.10496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The current paradigm of osteoblast fate is that the majority undergo apoptosis, while some further differentiate into osteocytes and others flatten and cover bone surfaces as bone lining cells. Osteoblasts have been described to exhibit heterogeneous expression of a variety of osteoblast markers at both transcriptional and protein levels. To explore further this heterogeneity and its biological significance, Venus‐positive (Venus+) cells expressing the fluorescent protein Venus under the control of the 2.3‐kb Col1a1 promoter were isolated from newborn mouse calvariae and subjected to single‐cell RNA sequencing. Functional annotation of the genes expressed in 272 Venus+ single cells indicated that Venus+ cells are osteoblasts that can be categorized into four clusters. Of these, three clusters (clusters 1 to 3) exhibited similarities in their expression of osteoblast markers, while one (cluster 4) was distinctly different. We identified a total of 1920 cluster‐specific genes and pseudotime ordering analyses based on established concepts and known markers showed that clusters 1 to 3 captured osteoblasts at different maturational stages. Analysis of gene co‐expression networks showed that genes involved in protein synthesis and protein trafficking between endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi are active in these clusters. However, the cells in these clusters were also defined by extensive heterogeneity of gene expression, independently of maturational stage. Cells of cluster 4 expressed Cd34 and Cxcl12 with relatively lower levels of osteoblast markers, suggesting that this cell type differs from actively bone‐forming osteoblasts and retain or reacquire progenitor properties. Based on expression and machine learning analyses of the transcriptomes of individual osteoblasts, we also identified genes that may be useful as new markers of osteoblast maturational stages. Taken together, our data show much more extensive heterogeneity of osteoblasts than previously documented, with gene profiles supporting diversity of osteoblast functional activities and developmental fates. © 2021 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirotaka Yoshioka
- Department of Calcified Tissue Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences Hiroshima University Hiroshima Japan.,Department of Anatomy School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare Chiba Japan
| | - Saki Okita
- Department of Calcified Tissue Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences Hiroshima University Hiroshima Japan.,Department of Craniofacial and Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences Hiroshima University Hiroshima Japan
| | - Masashi Nakano
- Department of Calcified Tissue Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences Hiroshima University Hiroshima Japan.,Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences Hiroshima University Hiroshima Japan.,Department of Pediatric Dentistry Hiroshima University Hospital Hiroshima Japan
| | - Tomoko Minamizaki
- Department of Calcified Tissue Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences Hiroshima University Hiroshima Japan
| | - Asako Nubukiyo
- Natural Science Center of Basic Research and Development Hiroshima University Hiroshima Japan
| | - Yusuke Sotomaru
- Natural Science Center of Basic Research and Development Hiroshima University Hiroshima Japan
| | - Edith Bonnelye
- CNRS ERL 6001/INSERM U1232 Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest Saint-Herblain France
| | - Katsuyuki Kozai
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences Hiroshima University Hiroshima Japan
| | - Kotaro Tanimoto
- Department of Craniofacial and Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences Hiroshima University Hiroshima Japan
| | - Jane E Aubin
- Department of Molecular Genetics University of Toronto Toronto Canada
| | - Yuji Yoshiko
- Department of Calcified Tissue Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences Hiroshima University Hiroshima Japan
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23
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Chunsik Im B, Li J, Kessete Afewerky H, Jiang X. Collagen Type I α-1 Promotes Malignant Glioma Cell Proliferation and Is Associated with Glioma Prognosis. J BIOMATER TISS ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1166/jbt.2021.2622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Collagen type I α-1 chain (COL1A1) is closely involved in the advancement of various tumors, yet the role of COL1A1 in the progression of glioma is not clear. Herein, we evaluated the effect of COL1A1 on glioma cell proliferation. The effect of COL1A1 on glioma cell proliferation
was assessed through overexpression or knockdown of COL1A1. The CCK-8 and colony formation assays, as well as immunohistochemistry (IHC) were used to detect COL1A1 expression in different glioma grades. U-87MG as well as U-251MG cells were stably-inserted with lentivirus containing COL1A1
through transfection, we additionally used qRT-PCR as well as Western blot assay to validate their overexpression efficiencies. COL1A1 mRNA and protein levels were upregulated in the high-grade glioma (HGG) compared to the low-grade glioma (LGG). COL1A1 IHC score was remarkably higher in HGG
than LGG. The staining index (SI) further showed that COL1A1 protein levels were higher in HGG than LGG. The Kaplan–Meier analysis showed that elevated COL1A1 mRNA levels were obviously correlated with lower overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) for brain glioma patients.
COL1A1 mRNA and protein levels were markedly upregulated in human glioma cell lines when compared with brain astrocyte cell lines. The high expression level of COL1A1 facilitated glioma cell proliferation. COL1A1 knockdown remarkably inhibited glioma cell proliferation. Thus, this research
shows that COL1A1 promotes glioma cell proliferation and is closely related to glioma prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce Chunsik Im
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Junjun Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Henok Kessete Afewerky
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xiaobing Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
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24
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Freiin von Hövel F, Kefalakes E, Grothe C. What Can We Learn from FGF-2 Isoform-Specific Mouse Mutants? Differential Insights into FGF-2 Physiology In Vivo. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:ijms22010390. [PMID: 33396566 PMCID: PMC7795026 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2), ubiquitously expressed in humans and mice, is functionally involved in cell growth, migration and maturation in vitro and in vivo. Based on the same mRNA, an 18-kilo Dalton (kDa) FGF-2 isoform named FGF-2 low molecular weight (FGF-2LMW) isoform is translated in humans and rodents. Additionally, two larger isoforms weighing 21 and 22 kDa also exist, summarized as the FGF-2 high molecular weight (FGF-2HMW) isoform. Meanwhile, the human FGF-2HMW comprises a 22, 23, 24 and 34 kDa protein. Independent studies verified a specific intracellular localization, mode of action and tissue-specific spatiotemporal expression of the FGF-2 isoforms, increasing the complexity of their physiological and pathophysiological roles. In order to analyze their spectrum of effects, FGF-2LMW knock out (ko) and FGF-2HMWko mice have been generated, as well as mice specifically overexpressing either FGF-2LMW or FGF-2HMW. So far, the development and functionality of the cardiovascular system, bone formation and regeneration as well as their impact on the central nervous system including disease models of neurodegeneration, have been examined. This review provides a summary of the studies characterizing the in vivo effects modulated by the FGF-2 isoforms and, thus, offers a comprehensive overview of its actions in the aforementioned organ systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Friederike Freiin von Hövel
- Institute of Neuroanatomy and Cell Biology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, D-30625 Hannover, Germany;
- Center for Systems Neuroscience (ZSN), University of Veterinary Medicine, Bünteweg 2, D-30559 Hannover, Germany;
| | - Ekaterini Kefalakes
- Center for Systems Neuroscience (ZSN), University of Veterinary Medicine, Bünteweg 2, D-30559 Hannover, Germany;
| | - Claudia Grothe
- Center for Systems Neuroscience (ZSN), University of Veterinary Medicine, Bünteweg 2, D-30559 Hannover, Germany;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-511-532-2897; Fax: +49-511-532-2880
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25
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ONCU B, YİLMAZ A, KARADEMİR B, ALTUNOK EÇ, KURU L, AĞRALI ÖB. Cytotoxicity and Collagen Expression Effects of Tideglusib Administration on Human Periodontal Cells: An In-Vitro Study. CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.33808/clinexphealthsci.709924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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26
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Doolittle ML, Calabrese GM, Mesner LD, Godfrey DA, Maynard RD, Ackert-Bicknell CL, Farber CR. Genetic analysis of osteoblast activity identifies Zbtb40 as a regulator of osteoblast activity and bone mass. PLoS Genet 2020; 16:e1008805. [PMID: 32497039 PMCID: PMC7326283 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1008805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a genetic disease characterized by progressive reductions in bone mineral density (BMD) leading to an increased risk of fracture. Over the last decade, genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified over 1000 associations for BMD. However, as a phenotype BMD is challenging as bone is a multicellular tissue affected by both local and systemic physiology. Here, we focused on a single component of BMD, osteoblast-mediated bone formation in mice, and identified associations influencing osteoblast activity on mouse Chromosomes (Chrs) 1, 4, and 17. The locus on Chr. 4 was in an intergenic region between Wnt4 and Zbtb40, homologous to a locus for BMD in humans. We tested both Wnt4 and Zbtb40 for a role in osteoblast activity and BMD. Knockdown of Zbtb40, but not Wnt4, in osteoblasts drastically reduced mineralization. Additionally, loss-of-function mouse models for both genes exhibited reduced BMD. Our results highlight that investigating the genetic basis of in vitro osteoblast mineralization can be used to identify genes impacting bone formation and BMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madison L. Doolittle
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Gina M. Calabrese
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Larry D. Mesner
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Dana A. Godfrey
- Department of Orthopedics, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Robert D. Maynard
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, United States of America
- Department of Orthopedics, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Cheryl L. Ackert-Bicknell
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, United States of America
- Department of Orthopedics, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Charles R. Farber
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
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27
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Chen J, Liu M, Luo X, Peng L, Zhao Z, He C, He Y. Exosomal miRNA-486-5p derived from rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes induces osteoblast differentiation through the Tob1/BMP/Smad pathway. Biomater Sci 2020; 8:3430-3442. [PMID: 32406432 DOI: 10.1039/c9bm01761e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is related to the inhibition of osteoblast differentiation. Exosomes secreted from RA fibroblast-like synoviocytes (RA-FLSs-exos) are associated with the pathogenesis of RA and microRNAs (miRNAs) being crucial for RA progression. Accordingly, the aim of the present study is to elucidate the effect of RA-FLS-derived exosomes on osteoblast differentiation and further identify exosomal cargos responsible for this effect. RA-FLSs were isolated from a RA patient and osteoblasts from the donor bone. Isolated RA-FLSs-exos were co-cultured with osteoblasts. Osteoblast differentiation was evaluated by ALP quantification assays, Alizarin Red S staining, and determining markers of osteoblast activity (Osx, OC, Col1a1 and Dlx2). Collagen induced arthritis (CIA)-induced mouse models were established. RA-FLSs-exo could be phagocytosed by osteoblasts. Elevating the expression of miR-486-5p in RA-FLSs-exo promoted osteoblast differentiation. miR-486-5p targeted Tob1 and activated the BMP/Smad signaling pathway in osteoblasts. In addition, RA-FLSs-exo containing miR-486-5p facilitated osteoblast differentiation by activating the BMP/Smad signaling pathway and repressing Tob1. Moreover, RA-FLSs-exo containing miR-486-5p alleviated the disease severity of RA by decreasing Tob1 expression in CIA-induced mice. To sum up, RA-FLSs-exo carrying miR-486-5p serve as a promoter for osteoblast differentiation in RA, ultimately highlighting a promising competitive new target for RA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Chen
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, P.R. China.
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28
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Long non-coding RNA H19 promotes osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells by regulating microRNA-140-5p/SATB2 axis. J Biosci 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12038-020-0024-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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29
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Zujur D, Kanke K, Onodera S, Tani S, Lai J, Azuma T, Xin X, Lichtler AC, Rowe DW, Saito T, Tanaka S, Masaki H, Nakauchi H, Chung UI, Hojo H, Ohba S. Stepwise strategy for generating osteoblasts from human pluripotent stem cells under fully defined xeno-free conditions with small-molecule inducers. Regen Ther 2020; 14:19-31. [PMID: 31988991 PMCID: PMC6965656 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2019.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Clinically relevant human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) derivatives require efficient protocols to differentiate hiPSCs into specific lineages. Here we developed a fully defined xeno-free strategy to direct hiPSCs toward osteoblasts within 21 days. The strategy successfully achieved the osteogenic induction of four independently derived hiPSC lines by a sequential use of combinations of small-molecule inducers. The induction first generated mesodermal cells, which subsequently recapitulated the developmental expression pattern of major osteoblast genes and proteins. Importantly, Col2.3-Cherry hiPSCs subjected to this strategy strongly expressed the cherry fluorescence that has been observed in bone-forming osteoblasts in vivo. Moreover, the protocol combined with a three-dimensional (3D) scaffold was suitable for the generation of a xeno-free 3D osteogenic system. Thus, our strategy offers a platform with significant advantages for bone biology studies and it will also contribute to clinical applications of hiPSCs to skeletal regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Zujur
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kosuke Kanke
- Department of Sensory and Motor System Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shoko Onodera
- Department of Biochemistry, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shoichiro Tani
- Department of Sensory and Motor System Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jenny Lai
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Azuma
- Department of Biochemistry, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Xiaonan Xin
- Department of Reconstructive Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Alexander C Lichtler
- Department of Reconstructive Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - David W Rowe
- Department of Reconstructive Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Taku Saito
- Department of Sensory and Motor System Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sakae Tanaka
- Department of Sensory and Motor System Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideki Masaki
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiromitsu Nakauchi
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ung-Il Chung
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hironori Hojo
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Ohba
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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30
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He G, Chen J, Huang D. miR-877-3p promotes TGF-β1-induced osteoblast differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells by targeting Smad7. Exp Ther Med 2019; 18:312-319. [PMID: 31258667 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are emerging as important regulators of various physiological and pathological processes and may serve key roles in the maintenance of bone homeostasis via effects on osteoblast differentiation. The aim of the present study was to define the role of miR-877-3p in osteoblast differentiation using MC3T3-E1 cells, an osteoblast precursor cell line. It was demonstrated using RT-qPCR analysis that miR-877-3p was gradually increased in MC3T3-E1 cells during the osteoblastic differentiation induced by transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1. Gain-of-function and loss-of-function experiments revealed that the overexpression of miR-877-3p promoted the osteoblastic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells, whereas depletion of miR-877-3p inhibited this process in vitro and in vivo. Bioinformatics analysis and validation experiments demonstrated that Smad7, which acts as a negative regulator of osteogenesis, was a target of miR-877-3p. Furthermore, the overexpression of Smad7 partially reversed the osteoblastic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells induced by miR-877-3p. In conclusion, the results of the present study suggest that the miR-877-3p/Smad7 axis is associated with the osteoblastic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells and may indicate a potential therapeutic approach for osteogenesis disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guisong He
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, P.R. China.,Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Provincial Second People's Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510220, P.R. China
| | - Jianming Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, The Central Hospital of Yongzhou City, Yongzhou, Hunan 425000, P.R. China
| | - Dong Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, P.R. China.,Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Provincial Second People's Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510220, P.R. China
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31
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Serrano F, Bernard WG, Granata A, Iyer D, Steventon B, Kim M, Vallier L, Gambardella L, Sinha S. A Novel Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Neural Crest Model of Treacher Collins Syndrome Shows Defects in Cell Death and Migration. Stem Cells Dev 2019; 28:81-100. [PMID: 30375284 PMCID: PMC6350417 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2017.0234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The neural crest (NC) is a transient multipotent cell population present during embryonic development. The NC can give rise to multiple cell types and is involved in a number of different diseases. Therefore, the development of new strategies to model NC in vitro enables investigations into the mechanisms involved in NC development and disease. In this study, we report a simple and efficient protocol to differentiate human pluripotent stem cells (HPSC) into NC using a chemically defined media, with basic fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) and the transforming growth factor-β inhibitor SB-431542. The cell population generated expresses a range of NC markers, including P75, TWIST1, SOX10, and TFAP2A. NC purification was achieved in vitro through serial passaging of the population, recreating the developmental stages of NC differentiation. The generated NC cells are highly proliferative, capable of differentiating to their derivatives in vitro and engraft in vivo to NC specific locations. In addition, these cells could be frozen for storage and thawed with no loss of NC properties, nor the ability to generate cellular derivatives. We assessed the potential of the derived NC population to model the neurocristopathy, Treacher Collins Syndrome (TCS), using small interfering RNA (siRNA) knockdown of TCOF1 and by creating different TCOF1+/- HPSC lines through CRISPR/Cas9 technology. The NC cells derived from TCOF1+/- HPSC recapitulate the phenotype of the reported TCS murine model. We also report for the first time an impairment of migration in TCOF1+/- NC and mesenchymal stem cells. In conclusion, the developed protocol permits the generation of the large number of NC cells required for developmental studies, disease modeling, and for drug discovery platforms in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Serrano
- Anne McLaren Laboratory, Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - William George Bernard
- Anne McLaren Laboratory, Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Alessandra Granata
- Division of Clinical Neurosciences, Clifford Allbutt Building, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Dharini Iyer
- Anne McLaren Laboratory, Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Ben Steventon
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew Kim
- Anne McLaren Laboratory, Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Ludovic Vallier
- Anne McLaren Laboratory, Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Laure Gambardella
- Anne McLaren Laboratory, Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Sanjay Sinha
- Anne McLaren Laboratory, Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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32
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Maynard RD, Ackert-Bicknell CL. Mouse Models and Online Resources for Functional Analysis of Osteoporosis Genome-Wide Association Studies. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:277. [PMID: 31133984 PMCID: PMC6515928 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a complex genetic disease in which the number of loci associated with the bone mineral density, a clinical risk factor for fracture, has increased at an exponential rate in the last decade. The identification of the causative variants and candidate genes underlying these loci has not been able to keep pace with the rate of locus discovery. A large number of tools and data resources have been built around the use of the mouse as model of human genetic disease. Herein, we describe resources available for functional validation of human Genome Wide Association Study (GWAS) loci using mouse models. We specifically focus on large-scale phenotyping efforts focused on bone relevant phenotypes and repositories of genotype-phenotype data that exist for transgenic and mutant mice, which can be readily mined as a first step toward more targeted efforts designed to deeply characterize the role of a gene in bone biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert D. Maynard
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Cheryl L. Ackert-Bicknell
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
- *Correspondence: Cheryl L. Ackert-Bicknell
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33
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The goal of this review is to highlight some of the considerations involved in creating animal models to study rare bone diseases and then to compare and contrast approaches to creating such models, focusing on the advantages and novel opportunities offered by the CRISPR-Cas system. RECENT FINDINGS Gene editing after creation of double-stranded breaks in chromosomal DNA is increasingly being used to modify animal genomes. Multiple tools can be used to create such breaks, with the newest ones being based on the bacterial adaptive immune system known as CRISPR/Cas. Advances in gene editing have increased the ease and speed, while reducing the cost, of creating novel animal models of disease. Gene editing has also expanded the number of animal species in which genetic modification can be performed. These changes have significantly increased the options for investigators seeking to model rare bone diseases in animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles A O'Brien
- Division of Endocrinology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA.
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA.
- Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock, AR, USA.
| | - Roy Morello
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
- Division of Genetics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
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34
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Liu Y, Sharma T, Chen IP, Reichenberger E, Ueki Y, Arif Y, Parisi D, Maye P. Rescue of a cherubism bone marrow stromal culture phenotype by reducing TGFβ signaling. Bone 2018; 111. [PMID: 29530719 PMCID: PMC5924722 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2018.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We utilized a bone marrow stromal culture system to investigate changes in TGFβ signaling in a mouse model for cherubism (Sh3bp2KI/KI). Interestingly, bone marrow cultures derived from cherubism mice not only displayed impaired osteoblast differentiation, but also had spontaneous osteoclast formation. PAI1, a target gene of TGFβ signaling, was elevated 2-fold in cherubism CD11b-,CD45- cells compared to wild type cells, while the expression of BAMBI, an inhibitor of TGFβ signaling, was down-regulated. We also discovered that treatment of cherubism cultures with antagonists of the TGFβ signaling pathway could largely rescue osteoblast differentiation and markedly reduce spontaneous osteoclast formation. Treatment with the type I TGFβ receptor small molecule inhibitor SB505124 increased osteoblast reporter gene Col1a1-2.3 expression 24-fold and increased the expression of osteoblast gene markers Osterix (Sp7) 25-fold, Bone Sialoprotein (BSP) 7-fold, Osteocalcin (Bglap1) 100-fold, and Dentin Matrix Protein 1 (DMP1) 35-fold. In contrast, SB505124 treatment resulted in a significant reductions in osteoclast number and size. Gene expression analyses for RANKL, a positive regulator of osteoclast formation was 2.5-fold higher in osteoblast cultures derived from Sh3bp2KI/KI mice compared to wild type cultures, whereas OPG, an inhibitor of RANKL was 5-fold lower. However, SB505124 treatment reduced RANKL almost back down to wild type levels, while increasing OPG expression. Our studies also implicate a role for TGFβ ligands in the etiology of cherubism. Blocking of TGFβ ligands with the monoclonal antibody 1D11 increased Col1a1-2.3 reporter expression 4-fold and 13-fold in cultures derived from Sh3bp2KI/+ and Sh3bp2KI/KI mice, respectively. Serum levels of latent TGFβ1 were also 2-fold higher in SH3BP2KI/KI mice compared to wild type littermates. Taken together, these studies provide evidence that elevated levels of TGFβ signaling may contribute to the disease phenotype of cherubism and a reduction in pathway activity may be an effective therapeutic approach to treat this rare disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaling Liu
- Department of Reconstructive Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, United States
| | - Tulika Sharma
- Department of Reconstructive Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, United States
| | - I-Ping Chen
- Department of Oral Health and Diagnostic Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, Farmington CT, United States
| | - Ernst Reichenberger
- Department of Reconstructive Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, United States
| | - Yasuyoshi Ueki
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Missouri, Kansas City, MO, United States
| | - Yumna Arif
- Department of Reconstructive Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, United States
| | - Daniel Parisi
- Department of Reconstructive Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, United States
| | - Peter Maye
- Department of Reconstructive Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, United States.
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35
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Pandey S, Rathore K, Johnson J, Cekanova M. Aligned nanofiber material supports cell growth and increases osteogenesis in canine adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells in vitro. J Biomed Mater Res A 2018; 106:1780-1788. [PMID: 29468805 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineering shows great promise for the treatment of degenerative diseases, including bone repair. Polymer nanofibers provide a three-dimensional (3-D) scaffold for attachment and growth of mesenchymal stem cells. Increasing evidence supports that fiber alignment on scaffolds plays a major role in the viability and differentiation of stem cells. We compared the cell viability of canine adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (cADMSCs) cultured in the aligned- (NanoAligned™) and random- (NanoECM™) oriented polycaprolactone (PCL) nanofiber-coated plates to control polystyrene tissue culture plates using a proliferation assay. Ability of the plates to induce differentiation of cADMSCs into osteocytes, adipocytes, and neurons was evaluated based on expression of the osteocyte markers, COL1A1 and osterix; adipocyte markers PPARγ2 and LPL; and neuronal marker nestin using RT-PCR. Proliferation results demonstrated that aligned-oriented PCL nanofiber-coated plates were more suitable substrate for cADMSCs after 7 days in culture compared to random-oriented PCL nanofiber-coated or control plates. Additionally, we demonstrated that both 3-D PCL nanofiber-coated plates were a better scaffold for cADMSCs differentiation into osteocytes compared to control plates. In conclusion, our results confirm that PCL nanofiber is a suitable tissue engineering material for use in regenerative medicine for canine patients in vivo. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 1780-1788, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sony Pandey
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, 37996
| | - Kusum Rathore
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, 37996
| | - Jed Johnson
- Nanofiber Solutions, Inc, Hilliard, Ohio, 43026
| | - Maria Cekanova
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, 37996
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36
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Silva DI, Santos BPD, Leng J, Oliveira H, Amédée J. Dorsal root ganglion neurons regulate the transcriptional and translational programs of osteoblast differentiation in a microfluidic platform. Cell Death Dis 2017; 8:3209. [PMID: 29238079 PMCID: PMC5870602 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-017-0034-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Revised: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Innervation by the sensory nervous system plays a key role in skeletal development and in orchestration of bone remodeling and regeneration. However, it is unclear how and in which bone cells can sensory nerves act to control these processes. Here, we show a microfluidic coculture system comprising dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) that more faithfully represents the in vivo scenario of bone sensory innervation. We report that DRG neurons promote the osteogenic differentiation capacity of MSCs, by mediating the increase of alkaline phosphatase activity and the upregulation of osteoblast-specific genes. Furthermore, we show that DRG neurons have a positive impact on Cx43 levels in MSCs during osteoblastogenesis, especially at an early stage of this process. Conversely, we described a negative impact of DRG neurons on MSCs N-cadherin expression at a later stage. Finally, we demonstrate a cytoplasmic accumulation of β-catenin translocation into the nucleus, and subsequently Lymphoid Enhancer Binding Factor 1—responsive transcriptional activation of downstream genes in cocultured MSCs. Together, our study provides a robust body of evidence that the direct interaction of DRG neurons with MSCs in a bone-like microenvironment leads to an enhancement of osteoblast differentiation potential of MSCs. The osteogenic effect of DRG neurons on MSCs is mediated through the regulation of Cx43 and N-cadherin expression and activation of the canonical/β-catenin Wnt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Isabel Silva
- Tissue Bioengineering, University of Bordeaux, U1026, 33076, Bordeaux, France. .,Tissue Bioengineering, INSERM, U1026, 33076, Bordeaux, France.
| | - Bruno Paiva Dos Santos
- Tissue Bioengineering, University of Bordeaux, U1026, 33076, Bordeaux, France.,Tissue Bioengineering, INSERM, U1026, 33076, Bordeaux, France
| | - Jacques Leng
- University of Bordeaux, LOF, UMR5258, 33600, Pessac, France.,CNRS, LOF, UMR5258, 33600, Pessac, France.,Solvay, LOF, UMR5258, 33600, Pessac, France
| | - Hugo Oliveira
- Tissue Bioengineering, University of Bordeaux, U1026, 33076, Bordeaux, France.,Tissue Bioengineering, INSERM, U1026, 33076, Bordeaux, France
| | - Joëlle Amédée
- Tissue Bioengineering, University of Bordeaux, U1026, 33076, Bordeaux, France.,Tissue Bioengineering, INSERM, U1026, 33076, Bordeaux, France
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37
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Adil M, Khan RA, Kalam A, Venkata SK, Kandhare AD, Ghosh P, Sharma M. Effect of anti-diabetic drugs on bone metabolism: Evidence from preclinical and clinical studies. Pharmacol Rep 2017; 69:1328-1340. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2017.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Revised: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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38
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Xiao L, Du E, Homer-Bouthiette C, Hurley MM. Inhibition of FGFR Signaling Partially Rescues Hypophosphatemic Rickets in HMWFGF2 Tg Male Mice. Endocrinology 2017; 158:3629-3646. [PMID: 28938491 PMCID: PMC5659690 DOI: 10.1210/en.2016-1617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Transgenic mice harboring high molecular weight fibroblast growth factor (FGF)2 isoforms (HMWTg) in osteoblast lineage cells phenocopy human X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets (XLH) and Hyp murine model of XLH demonstrating increased FGF23/FGF receptor signaling and hypophosphatemic rickets. Because HMWFGF2 was upregulated in bones of Hyp mice and abnormal FGF receptor (FGFR) signaling is important in XLH, HMWTg mice were used to examine the effect of the FGFR inhibitor NVP-BGJ398, now in clinical trials for cancer therapy, on hypophosphatemic rickets. Short-term treatment with NVP-BGJ398 rescued abnormal FGFR signaling and hypophosphatemia in HMWTg. Long-term treatment with NVP-BGJ398 normalized tail, tibia, and femur length. Four weeks NVP-BGJ398 treatment significantly increased total body bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) in HMWTg mice; however, at 8 weeks, total body BMD and BMC was indistinguishable among groups. Micro-computed tomography revealed decreased vertebral bone volume, trabecular number, and increased trabecular spacing, whereas femur trabecular tissue density was increased; however, NVP-BGJ398 rescued defective cortical bone mineralization, increased thickness, reduced porosity, and increased endosteal perimeter and cortical tissue density in HMWTg. NVP-BGJ398 improved femur cancellous bone, cortical bone structure, growth plate, and double labeling in cortical bone and also increased femur trabeculae double labeled surface, mineral apposition rate, bone formation rate, and osteoclast number and surface in HMWTg. The decreased NPT2a protein that is important for renal phosphate excretion was rescued by NVP-BGJ398 treatment. We conclude that NVP-BGJ398 partially rescued hypophosphatemic rickets in HMWTg. However, long-term treatment with NVP-BGJ398 further increased serum FGF23 that could exacerbate the mineralization defect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Xiao
- Department of Medicine, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, 06030-052
| | - Erxia Du
- Department of Medicine, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, 06030-052
| | - Collin Homer-Bouthiette
- Department of Medicine, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, 06030-052
| | - Marja M. Hurley
- Department of Medicine, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, 06030-052
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39
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Li QS, Meng FY, Zhao YH, Jin CL, Tian J, Yi XJ. Inhibition of microRNA-214-5p promotes cell survival and extracellular matrix formation by targeting collagen type IV alpha 1 in osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells. Bone Joint Res 2017; 6:464-471. [PMID: 28784704 PMCID: PMC5579316 DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.68.bjr-2016-0208.r2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to investigate the functional effects of microRNA (miR)-214-5p on osteoblastic cells, which might provide a potential role of miR-214-5p in bone fracture healing. Methods Blood samples were obtained from patients with hand fracture or intra-articular calcaneal fracture and from healthy controls (HCs). Expression of miR-214-5p was monitored by qRT-PCR at day 7, 14 and 21 post-surgery. Mouse osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells were transfected with antisense oligonucleotides (ASO)-miR-214-5p, collagen type IV alpha 1 (COL4A1) vector or their controls; thereafter, cell viability, apoptotic rate, and the expression of collagen type I alpha 1 (COL1A1), type II collagen (COL-II), and type X collagen (COL-X) were determined. Luciferase reporter assay, qRT-PCR, and Western blot were performed to ascertain whether COL4A1 was a target of miR-214-5p. Results Plasma miR-214-5p was highly expressed in patients with bone fracture compared with HCs after fracture (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01). Inhibition of miR-214-5p increased the viability of MC3T3-E1 cells and the expressions of COL1A1 and COL-X, but decreased the apoptotic rate and COL-II expression (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01). COL4A1 was a target of miR-214-5p, and was negatively regulated by miR-214-5p (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01). Overexpression of COL4A1 showed a similar impact on cell viability, apoptotic rate, and COL1A1, COL-II, and COL-X expressions inhibiting miR-214-5p (p < 0.01). Conclusion Inhibition of miR-214-5p promotes cell survival and extracellular matrix (ECM) formation of osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells by targeting COL4A1. Cite this article: Q. S. Li, F. Y. Meng, Y. H. Zhao, C. L. Jin, J. Tian, X. J. Yi. Inhibition of microRNA-214-5p promotes cell survival and extracellular matrix formation by targeting collagen type IV alpha 1 in osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells. Bone Joint Res 2017;6:464–471. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.68.BJR-2016-0208.R2
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Affiliation(s)
- Q S Li
- Department of Traumatology, Eastern Medical District of Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China
| | - F Y Meng
- Department of Traumatology, Lanling People's Hospital, Linyi, China
| | - Y H Zhao
- Department of Traumatology, Eastern Medical District of Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China
| | - C L Jin
- Department of Traumatology, Eastern Medical District of Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China
| | - J Tian
- Operating Room, Linyi Cancer Hospital, Linyi, China
| | - X J Yi
- Department of Traumatology, Eastern Medical District of Linyi People's Hospital, No.233, Fenghuang Street, Linyi 276000, China
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40
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Mansouri R, Jouan Y, Hay E, Blin-Wakkach C, Frain M, Ostertag A, Le Henaff C, Marty C, Geoffroy V, Marie PJ, Cohen-Solal M, Modrowski D. Osteoblastic heparan sulfate glycosaminoglycans control bone remodeling by regulating Wnt signaling and the crosstalk between bone surface and marrow cells. Cell Death Dis 2017; 8:e2902. [PMID: 28661485 PMCID: PMC5520938 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2017.287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Revised: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Stimulating bone formation is an important challenge for bone anabolism in osteoporotic patients or to repair bone defects. The osteogenic properties of matrix glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) have been explored; however, the functions of GAGs at the surface of bone-forming cells are less documented. Syndecan-2 is a membrane heparan sulfate proteoglycan that is associated with osteoblastic differentiation. We used a transgenic mouse model with high syndecan-2 expression in osteoblasts to enrich the bone surface with cellular GAGs. Bone mass was increased in these transgenic mice. Syndecan-2 overexpression reduced the expression of receptor activator of NF-kB ligand (RANKL) in bone marrow cells and strongly inhibited bone resorption. Osteoblast activity was not modified in the transgenic mice, but bone formation was decreased in 4-month-old transgenic mice because of reduced osteoblast number. Increased proteoglycan expression at the bone surface resulted in decreased osteoblastic and osteoclastic precursors in bone marrow. Indeed, syndecan-2 overexpression increased apoptosis of mesenchymal precursors within the bone marrow. However, syndecan-2 specifically promoted the vasculature characterized by high expression of CD31 and Endomucin in 6-week-old transgenic mice, but this was reduced in 12-week-old transgenic mice. Finally, syndecan-2 functions as an inhibitor of Wnt-β-catenin–T-cell factor signaling pathway, activating glycogen synthase kinase 3 and then decreasing the Wnt-dependent production of Wnt ligands and R-spondin. In conclusion, our results show that GAG supply may improve osteogenesis, but also interfere with the crosstalk between the bone surface and marrow cells, altering the supporting function of osteoblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafik Mansouri
- Inserm UMR-1132, BIOSCAR, Paris, France.,Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Yohann Jouan
- Inserm UMR-1132, BIOSCAR, Paris, France.,Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Eric Hay
- Inserm UMR-1132, BIOSCAR, Paris, France.,Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Claudine Blin-Wakkach
- CNRS, UMR 7370, LP2M, Faculté de médecine, 28 avenue de Valombrose, Nice, France.,Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, Parc Valrose, Nice, France
| | | | - Agnès Ostertag
- Inserm UMR-1132, BIOSCAR, Paris, France.,Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | | | - Caroline Marty
- Inserm UMR-1132, BIOSCAR, Paris, France.,Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Valérie Geoffroy
- Inserm UMR-1132, BIOSCAR, Paris, France.,Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Pierre J Marie
- Inserm UMR-1132, BIOSCAR, Paris, France.,Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Martine Cohen-Solal
- Inserm UMR-1132, BIOSCAR, Paris, France.,Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Dominique Modrowski
- Inserm UMR-1132, BIOSCAR, Paris, France.,Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
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Potential Osteoinductive Effects of Calcitriol on the m-RNA of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived from Human Alveolar Periosteum. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:3529561. [PMID: 28105418 PMCID: PMC5220409 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3529561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Revised: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 10/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This study characterized alveolar periosteum-derived mesenchymal stem cells (P-MSCs) and examined the hypothesis that 1,25-(OH)2D3 (calcitriol) exerts osteoinductive effects on P-MSCs. The mRNA expressions of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), bone sialoprotein (BSP), core-binding factor alpha-1 (CBFA1), collagen-1 (Col-1), osteocalcin (OCN), and vitamin D3 receptor (VDR) were assessed after incubation with calcitriol for 2 weeks. Vitamin C as positive control (Vit. C-p) increased ALP and CBFA1 mRNA expression at both 1 and 2 weeks and increased BSP and Col-1 mRNA expression only at the first week. A concentration of 10−8 M calcitriol enhanced ALP, CBFA1, Col-1, and OCN mRNA expression at both weeks and BSP mRNA expression at the first week. Furthermore, 10−7 M calcitriol increased the mRNA expressions of all compounds at both weeks, except that of CBFA1 at the first week. 10−8 M calcitriol and Vit. C-p enhanced ALP activity at the second and third weeks. The results revealed that 10−9, 10−8, and 10−7 M calcitriol induced osteoinduction in alveolar P-MSCs by increasing ALP, CBFA1, Col-1, and OCN mRNA expression. A 10−7 M calcitriol yielded a higher mRNA expression than Vit. Cp on VDR and OCN mRNA expression at both weeks and on Col-1 mRNA at the second week.
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Rajshankar D, Wang Y, McCulloch CA. Osteogenesis requires FAK-dependent collagen synthesis by fibroblasts and osteoblasts. FASEB J 2016; 31:937-953. [PMID: 27881487 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201600645r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is critical in adhesion-dependent signaling, but its role in osteogenesis in vivo is ill defined. We deleted Fak in fibroblasts and osteoblasts in Floxed-Fak mice bred with those expressing Cre-recombinase driven by 3.6-kb α1(I)-collagen promoter. Compared with wild-type (WT), conditional FAK-knockout (CFKO) mice were shorter (2-fold; P < 0.0001) and had crooked, shorter tails (50%; P < 0.0001). Microcomputed tomography analysis showed reduced bone volume (4-fold in tails; P < 0.0001; 2-fold in mandibles; P < 0.0001), whereas bone surface area/bone volume increased (3-fold in tails; P < 0.0001; 2.5-fold in mandibles; P < 0.001). Collagen density and fiber alignment in periodontal ligament were reduced by 4-fold (P < 0.0001) and 30% (P < 0.05), respectively, in CFKO mice. In cultured CFKO osteoblasts, mineralization at d 7 and mineralizing colony-forming units at d 21 were 30% (P < 0.0001) and >3-fold less than WT, respectively. Disruptions of FAK function in osteoblasts by conditional knockout, siRNA-knockdown, or FAK inhibitor reduced mRNA and protein expression of Runx2 (>30%), Osterix (>25%), and collagen-1 (2-fold). Collagen synthesis was abrogated in WT osteoblasts with Runx2 knockdown and in Fak-null fibroblasts transfected with an FAK kinase domain mutant or a kinase-impaired mutant (Y397F). These data indicate that FAK regulates osteogenesis through transcription factors that regulate collagen synthesis.-Rajshankar, D., Wang, Y., McCulloch, C. A. Osteogenesis requires FAK-dependent collagen synthesis by fibroblasts and osteoblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhaarmini Rajshankar
- Matrix Dynamics Group, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yongqiang Wang
- Matrix Dynamics Group, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Christopher A McCulloch
- Matrix Dynamics Group, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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43
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Roeder E, Matthews BG, Kalajzic I. Visual reporters for study of the osteoblast lineage. Bone 2016; 92:189-195. [PMID: 27616604 PMCID: PMC5056847 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2016.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Revised: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Advancing our understanding of osteoblast biology and differentiation is critical to elucidate the pathological mechanisms responsible for skeletal diseases such as osteoporosis. Histology and histomorphometry, the classical methods to study osteoblast biology, identify osteoblasts based on their location and morphology and ability to mineralize matrix, but do not clearly define their stage of differentiation. Introduction of visual transgenes into the cells of osteoblast lineage has revolutionized the field and resulted in a paradigm shift that allowed for specific identification and isolation of subpopulations within the osteoblast lineage. Knowledge acquired from the studies based on GFP transgenes has allowed for more precise interpretation of studies analyzing targeted overexpression or deletion of genes in the osteoblast lineage. Here, we provide a condensed overview of the currently available promoter-fluorescent reporter transgenic mice that have been generated and evaluated to varying extents. We cover different stages of the lineage as transgenes have been utilized to identify osteoprogenitors, pre-osteoblasts, osteoblasts, or osteocytes. We show that each of these promoters present with advantages and disadvantages. The studies based on the use of these reporter mice have improved our understanding of bone biology. They constitute attractive models to target osteoblasts and help to understand their cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Roeder
- Department of Reconstructive Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Brya G Matthews
- Department of Reconstructive Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Ivo Kalajzic
- Department of Reconstructive Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA; Department of Pathophysiology, University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia.
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44
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Mori Y, Adams D, Hagiwara Y, Yoshida R, Kamimura M, Itoi E, Rowe DW. Identification of a progenitor cell population destined to form fracture fibrocartilage callus in Dickkopf-related protein 3-green fluorescent protein reporter mice. J Bone Miner Metab 2016; 34:606-614. [PMID: 26369320 DOI: 10.1007/s00774-015-0711-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 08/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Fracture healing is a complex biological process involving the proliferation of mesenchymal progenitor cells, and chondrogenic, osteogenic, and angiogenic differentiation. The mechanisms underlying the proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal progenitor cells remain unclear. Here, we demonstrate Dickkopf-related protein 3 (Dkk3) expression in periosteal cells using Dkk3-green fluorescent protein reporter mice. We found that proliferation of mesenchymal progenitor cells began in the periosteum, involving Dkk3-positive cell proliferation near the fracture site. In addition, Dkk3 was expressed in fibrocartilage cells together with smooth muscle α-actin and Col3.6 in the early phase of fracture healing as a cell marker of fibrocartilage cells. Dkk3 was not expressed in mature chondrogenic cells or osteogenic cells. Transient expression of Dkk3 disappeared in the late phase of fracture healing, except in the superficial periosteal area of fracture callus. The Dkk3 expression pattern differed in newly formed type IV collagen positive blood vessels and the related avascular tissue. This is the first report that shows Dkk3 expression in the periosteum at a resting state and in fibrocartilage cells during the fracture healing process, which was associated with smooth muscle α-actin and Col3.6 expression in mesenchymal progenitor cells. These fluorescent mesenchymal lineage cells may be useful for future studies to better understand fracture healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Mori
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and Skeletal Biology, Department of Reconstructive Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA.
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Tohoku University, 1-1 Seiryomachi, Aobaku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8574, Japan.
| | - Douglas Adams
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and Skeletal Biology, Department of Reconstructive Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Yusuke Hagiwara
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and Skeletal Biology, Department of Reconstructive Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Ryu Yoshida
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and Skeletal Biology, Department of Reconstructive Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Masayuki Kamimura
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Tohoku University, 1-1 Seiryomachi, Aobaku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Eiji Itoi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Tohoku University, 1-1 Seiryomachi, Aobaku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8574, Japan
| | - David W Rowe
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and Skeletal Biology, Department of Reconstructive Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
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45
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Potential of l -thyroxine to differentiate osteoblast-like cells via Angiopoietin1. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 478:1409-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.08.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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46
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Rifaey HS, Villa M, Zhu Q, Wang YH, Safavi K, Chen IP. Comparison of the Osteogenic Potential of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate and Endosequence Root Repair Material in a 3-dimensional Culture System. J Endod 2016; 42:760-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2016.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2015] [Revised: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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47
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Muise ES, Podtelezhnikov AA, Pickarski M, Loboda A, Tan Y, Hu G, Thomspon JR, Duong LT. Effects of Long-Term Odanacatib Treatment on Bone Gene Expression in Ovariectomized Adult Rhesus Monkeys: Differentiation From Alendronate. J Bone Miner Res 2016; 31:839-51. [PMID: 26587671 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.2752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Revised: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 11/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Similar efficacy of the cathepsin K inhibitor odanacatib (ODN) and the bisphosphonate alendronate (ALN) in reducing bone turnover markers and increasing bone mineral density in spine and hip were previously demonstrated in ovariectomized (OVX)-monkeys treated for 20 months in prevention mode. Here, we profiled RNA from tibial metaphysis and diaphysis of the same study using Affymetrix microarrays, and selected 204 probe sets (p < 0.001, three-group ANOVA) that were differentially regulated by ODN or ALN versus vehicle. Both drugs produced strikingly different effects on known bone-related genes and pathways at the transcriptional level. Although ALN either reduced or had neutral effects on bone resorption-related genes, ODN significantly increased the expression of osteoclast genes (eg, APC5, TNFRSF11A, CTSK, ITGB3, and CALCR), consistent with previous findings on the effects of this agent in enhancing the number of nonresorbing osteoclasts. Conversely, ALN reduced the expression of known bone formation-related genes (eg, TGFBR1, SPP1, RUNX2, and PTH1R), whereas ODN either increased or had neutral effects on their expression. These differential effects of ODN versus ALN on bone resorption and formation were highly correlative to the changes in bone turnover markers, cathepsin K (Catk) target engagement marker serum C-terminal cross-linked telopeptide (1-CTP) and osteoclast marker tartrate resistant acid phosphatase isoform 5b (TRAP5b) in the same monkeys. Overall, the molecular profiling results are consistent with the known pharmacological actions of these agents on bone remodeling and clearly differentiate the molecular mechanisms of ODN from the bisphosphonates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric S Muise
- Department of Genetics and Pharmacogenomics, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ, USA
| | | | | | - Andrey Loboda
- Department of Genetics and Pharmacogenomics, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ, USA
| | - Yejun Tan
- Department of Genetics and Pharmacogenomics, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ, USA
| | - Guanghui Hu
- Department of Genetics and Pharmacogenomics, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ, USA
| | - John R Thomspon
- Department of Genetics and Pharmacogenomics, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ, USA
| | - Le T Duong
- Department of Bone Biology, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ, USA
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Abstract
Notch controls skeletogenesis, but its role in the remodeling of adult bone remains conflicting. In mature mice, the skeleton can become osteopenic or osteosclerotic depending on the time point at which Notch is activated or inactivated. Using adult EGFP reporter mice, we find that Notch expression is localized to osteocytes embedded within bone matrix. Conditional activation of Notch signaling in osteocytes triggers profound bone formation, mainly due to increased mineralization, which rescues both age-associated and ovariectomy-induced bone loss and promotes bone healing following osteotomy. In parallel, mice rendered haploinsufficient in γ-secretase presenilin-1 (Psen1), which inhibits downstream Notch activation, display almost-absent terminal osteoblast differentiation. Consistent with this finding, pharmacologic or genetic disruption of Notch or its ligand Jagged1 inhibits mineralization. We suggest that stimulation of Notch signaling in osteocytes initiates a profound, therapeutically relevant, anabolic response.
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49
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Wiraja C, Yeo DC, Chong MSK, Xu C. Nanosensors for Continuous and Noninvasive Monitoring of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Osteogenic Differentiation. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2016; 12:1342-50. [PMID: 26756453 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201502047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Revised: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Assessing mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) differentiation status is crucial to verify therapeutic efficacy and optimize treatment procedures. Currently, this involves destructive methods including antibody-based protein detection and polymerase chain reaction gene analysis, or laborious and technically challenging genetic reporters. Development of noninvasive methods for real-time differentiation status assessment can greatly benefit MSC-based therapies. This report introduces a nanoparticle-based sensing platform that encapsulates two molecular beacon (MB) probes within the same biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles. One MB targets housekeeping gene glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) as an internal reference, while another detects alkaline phosphatase (ALP), a functional biomarker. Following internalization, MBs are gradually released as the nanoparticle degrades. GAPDH MBs provide a stable reference signal throughout the monitoring period (18 days) regardless of differentiation induction. Meanwhile, ALP mRNA undergoes well-defined dynamics with peak expression observed during early stages of osteogenic differentiation. By normalizing ALP-MB signal with GAPDH-MB, changes in ALP expression can be monitored, to noninvasively validate osteogenic differentiation. As proof-of-concept, a dual-colored nanosensor is applied to validate MSC osteogenesis on 2D culture and polycaprolactone films containing osteo-inductive tricalcium phospate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Wiraja
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, Singapore
| | - David C Yeo
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mark S K Chong
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chenjie Xu
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, Singapore
- NTU-Northwestern Institute for Nanomedicine, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, Singapore
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50
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Wang C, Inzana JA, Mirando AJ, Ren Y, Liu Z, Shen J, O'Keefe RJ, Awad HA, Hilton MJ. NOTCH signaling in skeletal progenitors is critical for fracture repair. J Clin Invest 2016; 126:1471-81. [PMID: 26950423 DOI: 10.1172/jci80672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Fracture nonunions develop in 10%-20% of patients with fractures, resulting in prolonged disability. Current data suggest that bone union during fracture repair is achieved via proliferation and differentiation of skeletal progenitors within periosteal and soft tissues surrounding bone, while bone marrow stromal/stem cells (BMSCs) and other skeletal progenitors may also contribute. The NOTCH signaling pathway is a critical maintenance factor for BMSCs during skeletal development, although the precise role for NOTCH and the requisite nature of BMSCs following fracture is unknown. Here, we evaluated whether NOTCH and/or BMSCs are required for fracture repair by performing nonstabilized and stabilized fractures on NOTCH-deficient mice with targeted deletion of RBPjk in skeletal progenitors, maturing osteoblasts, and committed chondrocytes. We determined that removal of NOTCH signaling in BMSCs and subsequent depletion of this population result in fracture nonunion, as the fracture repair process was normal in animals harboring either osteoblast- or chondrocyte-specific deletion of RBPjk. Together, this work provides a genetic model of a fracture nonunion and demonstrates the requirement for NOTCH and BMSCs in fracture repair, irrespective of fracture stability and vascularity.
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