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Peng Y, Zhao H, Hu S, Ma Y, Han T, Meng C, Tong X, Zou H, Liu Z, Song R. Exploring the impact of osteoprotegerin on osteoclast and precursor fusion: Mechanisms and modulation by ATP. Differentiation 2024; 138:100789. [PMID: 38896972 DOI: 10.1016/j.diff.2024.100789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Osteoclast (OC) differentiation, vital for bone resorption, depends on osteoclast and precursor fusion. Osteoprotegerin (OPG) inhibits osteoclast differentiation. OPG's influence on fusion and mechanisms is unclear. Osteoclasts and precursors were treated with OPG alone or with ATP. OPG significantly reduced OC number, area and motility and ATP mitigated OPG's inhibition. However, OPG hardly affected the motility of precusors. OPG downregulated fusion-related molecules (CD44, CD47, DC-STAMP, ATP6V0D2) in osteoclasts, reducing only CD47 in precursors. OPG reduced Connexin43 phosphorylated forms (P1 and P2) in osteoclasts, affecting only P2 in precursors. OPG disrupted subcellular localization of CD44, CD47, DC-STAMP, ATP6V0D2, and Connexin43 in both cell types. Findings underscore OPG's multifaceted impact, inhibiting multinucleated osteoclast and mononuclear precursor fusion through distinct molecular mechanisms. Notably, ATP mitigates OPG's inhibitory effect, suggesting a potential regulatory role for the ATP signaling pathway. This study enhances understanding of intricate processes in osteoclast differentiation and fusion, offering insights into potential therapeutic targets for abnormal bone metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunwen Peng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| | - Hongyan Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| | - Sinan Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yonggang Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| | - Tao Han
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| | - Chuang Meng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China; Jiangsu Key Lab of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xishuai Tong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| | - Hui Zou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zongping Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China; Jiangsu Key Lab of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Ruilong Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China; Jiangsu Key Lab of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
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Sheela S, Kheder W, Samsudin ABR. Investigating the influence of titanium particle size and concentration on osteogenic response of human osteoblasts - in vitro study. Biomater Investig Dent 2024; 11:40843. [PMID: 38903775 PMCID: PMC11187976 DOI: 10.2340/biid.v11.40843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between the size and concentration of titanium particles and the osteogenic response of human osteoblasts (HOB). Materials and Methods Different concentrations of titanium dioxide nano- and micro-particles were prepared and their biocompatibility on HOBs was analyzed using XTT assay. The changes in the actin cytoskeletal organization were studied by confocal laser scanning microscopy. The generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) by HOBs after exposure to titanium dioxide particles was analyzed using ROS assay. Besides, the osteogenic potential represented by alkaline phosphatase activity, osteoprotegerin, macrophage colony stimulating factor levels, and biomineralization were analyzed. Results Short-term interaction of titanium dioxide nano- and micro-particles did not induce toxicity to HOBs. However, cells treated with 100 μg/mL titanium dioxide nano- and micro-particles demonstrated higher ROS generation compared to control. Besides, cells treated with 100 μg/mL titanium dioxide nanoparticles showed higher alkaline phosphatase activity, osteoprotegerin, macrophage colony stimulating factor levels and biomineralization compared to titanium dioxide microparticles. Conclusion Collectively, the study found titanium dioxide nanoparticles to be more biocompatible than microparticles providing an insight into the capability of nanostructures in supporting osteoblast differentiation and its plausibility in biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumya Sheela
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Waad Kheder
- College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - A B Rani Samsudin
- College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
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Roy M, Chelucci E, Corti A, Ceccarelli L, Cerea M, Dorocka-Bobkowska B, Pompella A, Daniele S. Biocompatibility of Subperiosteal Dental Implants: Changes in the Expression of Osteogenesis-Related Genes in Osteoblasts Exposed to Differently Treated Titanium Surfaces. J Funct Biomater 2024; 15:146. [PMID: 38921520 PMCID: PMC11204639 DOI: 10.3390/jfb15060146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The use of endosseous dental implants may become unfeasible in the presence of significant maxillary bone atrophy; thus, surgical techniques have been proposed to promote bone regeneration in such cases. However, such techniques are complex and may expose the patient to complications. Subperiosteal implants, being placed between the periosteum and the residual alveolar bone, are largely independent of bone thickness. Such devices had been abandoned due to the complexity of positioning and adaptation to the recipient bone site, but are nowadays witnessing an era of revival following the introduction of new acquisition procedures, new materials, and innovative manufacturing methods. We have analyzed the changes induced in gene and protein expression in C-12720 human osteoblasts by differently surface-modified TiO2 materials to verify their ability to promote bone formation. The TiO2 materials tested were (i) raw machined, (ii) electropolished with acid mixture, (iii) sand-blasted + acid-etched, (iv) AlTiColorTM surface, and (v) anodized. All five surfaces efficiently stimulated the expression of markers of osteoblastic differentiation, adhesion, and osteogenesis, such as RUNX2, osteocalcin, osterix, N-cadherin, β-catenin, and osteoprotegerin, while cell viability/proliferation was unaffected. Collectively, our observations document that presently available TiO2 materials are well suited for the manufacturing of modern subperiosteal implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Roy
- Department of Prosthodontics and Gerostomatology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Aleksandra Fredry 10, 61-701 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Elisa Chelucci
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno Pisano 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (E.C.); (L.C.)
| | - Alessandro Corti
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa Medical School, Via Savi 10, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (A.C.); (A.P.)
| | - Lorenzo Ceccarelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno Pisano 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (E.C.); (L.C.)
| | - Mauro Cerea
- Independent Researcher, 24121 Bergamo, Italy;
| | - Barbara Dorocka-Bobkowska
- Department of Prosthodontics and Gerostomatology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Aleksandra Fredry 10, 61-701 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Alfonso Pompella
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa Medical School, Via Savi 10, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (A.C.); (A.P.)
| | - Simona Daniele
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno Pisano 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (E.C.); (L.C.)
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Ye J, Hua Z, Xiao J, Shao Y, Li S, Yin H, Wu M, Rong Y, Hong B, Guo Y, Ma Y, Wang J. p-Smad3 differentially regulates the cytological behavior of osteoclasts before and after osteoblasts maturation. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:525. [PMID: 38632128 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09400-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A series of previous investigations have revealed that p-Smad3 plays a facilitative role in the differentiation and maturation of osteoblasts, while also regulating the expression of certain intercellular communication factors. However, the effects of p-Smad3 in osteoblasts before and after maturation on the proliferation, migration, differentiation, apoptosis and other cellular behaviors of osteoclasts have not been reported. METHODS MC3T3-E1 cells were cultured in osteogenic induction medium for varying durations, After that, the corresponding conditioned medium was collected and the osteoclast lineage cells were treated. To elucidate the regulatory role of p-Smad3 within osteoblasts, we applied the activator TGF-β1 and inhibitor SIS3 to immature and mature osteoblasts and collected corresponding conditioned media for osteoclast intervention. RESULTS We observed an elevation of p-Smad3 and Smad3 during the early stage of osteoblast differentiation, followed by a decline in the later stage. we discovered that as osteoblasts mature, their conditioned media inhibit osteoclasts differentiation and the osteoclast-coupled osteogenic effect. However, it promotes apoptosis in osteoclasts and the angiogenesis coupled with osteoclasts. p-Smad3 in immature osteoblasts, through paracrine effects, promotes the migration, differentiation, and osteoclast-coupled osteogenic effects of osteoclast lineage cells. For mature osteoblasts, p-Smad3 facilitates osteoclast apoptosis and the angiogenesis coupled with osteoclasts. CONCLUSIONS As pre-osteoblasts undergo maturation, p-Smad3 mediated a paracrine effect that transitions osteoclast cellular behaviors from inducing differentiation and stimulating bone formation to promoting apoptosis and coupling angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiapeng Ye
- Wuxi Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214071, China
| | - Zhen Hua
- Wuxi Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214071, China
| | - Jirimutu Xiao
- Laboratory of New Techniques of Restoration & Reconstruction of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
- Mongolian Medicine College, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, 010159, China
| | - Yang Shao
- Wuxi Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214071, China
| | - Shaoshuo Li
- Wuxi Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214071, China
| | - Heng Yin
- Wuxi Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214071, China
| | - Mao Wu
- Wuxi Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214071, China
| | - Yi Rong
- Wuxi Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214071, China
| | - Bowen Hong
- Wuxi Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214071, China
| | - Yang Guo
- Laboratory of New Techniques of Restoration & Reconstruction of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
| | - Yong Ma
- Laboratory of New Techniques of Restoration & Reconstruction of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
| | - Jianwei Wang
- Wuxi Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214071, China.
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Matias P, Ávila G, Ferreira AC, Laranjinha I, Ferreira A. Hypomagnesemia: a potential underlooked cause of persistent vitamin D deficiency in chronic kidney disease. Clin Kidney J 2023; 16:1776-1785. [PMID: 37915933 PMCID: PMC10616498 DOI: 10.1093/ckj/sfad123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Magnesium and vitamin D play important roles in most cells of the body. These nutrients act in a coordinated fashion to maintain physiologic functions of various organs, and their abnormal balance could adversely affect these functions. Therefore, deficient states of both nutrients may lead to several chronic medical conditions and increased cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients have altered metabolism of both magnesium and vitamin D. Some studies indicate that magnesium could have a role in the synthesis and metabolism of vitamin D, and that magnesium supplementation substantially reversed the resistance to vitamin D treatment in some clinical situations. Recent observational studies also found that magnesium intake significantly interacted with vitamin D status and, particularly with the risk of cardiovascular mortality. It is therefore essential to ensure adequate levels of magnesium to obtain the optimal benefits of vitamin D supplementation in CKD patients. In this review, we discuss magnesium physiology, magnesium and vitamin D metabolism in CKD, potential metabolic interactions between magnesium and vitamin D and its clinical relevance, as well as the possible role of magnesium supplementation to assure adequate vitamin D levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Matias
- Nephrology Department, Hospital de Santa Cruz - Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental, Carnaxide, Portugal
- NOVA Medical School, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Gonçalo Ávila
- Nephrology Department, Hospital de Santa Cruz - Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental, Carnaxide, Portugal
| | - Ana Carina Ferreira
- NOVA Medical School, Lisbon, Portugal
- Nephrology department, Hospital Curry Cabral - Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Lisboa Central, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ivo Laranjinha
- Nephrology Department, Hospital de Santa Cruz - Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental, Carnaxide, Portugal
| | - Aníbal Ferreira
- NOVA Medical School, Lisbon, Portugal
- Nephrology department, Hospital Curry Cabral - Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Lisboa Central, Lisbon, Portugal
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Zhang Y, Jia S, Wen G, Xie S, Song Z, Qi M, Liang Y, Bi W, Dong W. Zoledronate Promotes Peri-Implant Osteogenesis in Diabetic Osteoporosis by the AMPK Pathway. Calcif Tissue Int 2023; 113:329-343. [PMID: 37392365 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-023-01112-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
Together with diabetic osteoporosis (DOP), diabetes patients experience poor peri-implant osteogenesis following implantation for dentition defects. Zoledronate (ZOL) is widely used to treat osteoporosis clinically. To evaluate the mechanism of ZOL for the treatment of DOP, experiments with DOP rats and high glucose-grown MC3T3-E1 cells were used. The DOP rats treated with ZOL and/or ZOL implants underwent a 4-week implant-healing interval, and then microcomputed tomography, biomechanical testing, and immunohistochemical staining were performed to elucidate the mechanism. In addition, MC3T3-E1 cells were maintained in an osteogenic medium with or without ZOL to confirm the mechanism. The cell migration, cellular actin content, and osteogenic differentiation were evaluated by a cell activity assay, a cell migration assay, as well as alkaline phosphatase, alizarin red S, and immunofluorescence staining. The mRNA and protein expression of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), phosphorylated AMPK (p-AMPK), osteoprotegerin (OPG), receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL), bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2), and collagen type I (Col-I) were detected using real-time quantitative PCRs and western blot assays, respectively. In the DOP rats, ZOL markedly improved osteogenesis, enhanced bone strength and increased the expression of AMPK, p-AMPK, and Col-I in peri-implant bones. The in vitro findings showed that ZOL reversed the high glucose-induced inhibition of osteogenesis via the AMPK signaling pathway. In conclusion, the ability of ZOL to promote osteogenesis in DOP by targeting AMPK signaling suggests that therapy with ZOL, particularly simultaneous local and systemic administration, may be a unique approach for future implant repair in diabetes patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- School of Stomatology, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063210, Hebei, China
| | - Shunyi Jia
- School of Stomatology, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063210, Hebei, China
| | - Guochen Wen
- School of Stomatology, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063210, Hebei, China
| | - Shanen Xie
- School of Stomatology, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063210, Hebei, China
| | - Zhiqiang Song
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, TangShan BoChuang Stomatology Hospital, Tangshan, 063000, Hebei, China
| | - Mengchun Qi
- School of Stomatology, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063210, Hebei, China
| | - Yongqiang Liang
- School of Stomatology, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063210, Hebei, China
| | - Wenjuan Bi
- School of Stomatology, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063210, Hebei, China
| | - Wei Dong
- School of Stomatology, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063210, Hebei, China.
- Institute of Stomatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Fuxing Lu 28#, Beijing, 100853, China.
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Hendrijantini N, Kuntjoro M, Agustono B, Maya Sitalaksmi R, Dimas Aditya Ari M, Theodora M, Effendi R, Setiawan Djuarsa I, Widjaja J, Sosiawan A, Hong G. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells induction in peri-implantitis Rattus norvegicus accelerates and enhances osteogenesis activity and implant osseointegration. Saudi Dent J 2023; 35:147-153. [PMID: 36942204 PMCID: PMC10024080 DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2023.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Peri-implantitis additional treatment generally aims to repair damaged tissue through a regenerative approach. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) produce a high osteogenic effect and are capable of modulating the immune system by suppressing inflammatory response, modulating bone resorption, and inducing endogenous osteogenesis. AIM This study was intended to discover the effect of hUCMSCs on an implant osseointegration process in peri-implantitis rat subjects as assessed by several markers including interleukin-10 (IL-10), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa- β ligand (RANKL), bone morphogenic protein (BMP-2), osterix (Osx), and osteoprotegerin (OPG). MATERIAL AND METHODS The research design implemented during this study represented a true experimental design incorporating the use of Rattus norvegicus (Wistar strain) as subjects. RESULTS Data analysed by means of a Brown Forsythe test indicated differences between the increase in BMP-2 expression (p < 0.000) and Osx expression (p < 0.001) and between RANKL expression (p < 0.001, Tukey HSD) and OPG expression (p < 0.000, Games Howell). CONCLUSION According to the findings of this research, hUCMSCs induction is successful in accelerating and enhancing osteogenic activity and implant osseointegration in peri-implantitis rat subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nike Hendrijantini
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
- Corresponding author.
| | - Mefina Kuntjoro
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Bambang Agustono
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Ratri Maya Sitalaksmi
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Muhammad Dimas Aditya Ari
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Marcella Theodora
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Rudy Effendi
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Ivan Setiawan Djuarsa
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Jennifer Widjaja
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Agung Sosiawan
- Department of Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Guang Hong
- Division for Globalization Initiative, Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
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Fernández Vallone V, Borzone FR, Martinez LM, Giorello MB, Choi H, Dimase F, Feldman L, Bordenave RH, Chudzinski-Tavassi AM, Batagelj E, Chasseing NA. Spontaneous Osteoclastogenesis, a risk factor for bone metastasis in advanced luminal A-type breast cancer patients. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1073793. [PMID: 36890825 PMCID: PMC9986318 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1073793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Osteolytic bone metastasis in advanced breast cancer stages are a major complication for patient´s quality life and a sign of low survival prognosis. Permissive microenvironments which allow cancer cell secondary homing and later proliferation are fundamental for metastatic processes. The causes and mechanisms behind bone metastasis in breast cancer patients are still an unsolved puzzle. Therefore, in this work we contribute to describe bone marrow pre-metastatic niche in advanced breast cancer patients. Results We show an increase in osteoclasts precursors with a concomitant imbalance towards spontaneous osteoclastogenesis which can be evidenced at bone marrow and peripheral levels. Pro-osteoclastogenic factors RANKL and CCL-2 may contribute to bone resorption signature observed in bone marrow. Meanwhile, expression levels of specific microRNAs in primary breast tumors may already indicate a pro-osteoclastogenic scenario prior to bone metastasis. Discussion The discovery of prognostic biomarkers and novel therapeutic targets linked to bone metastasis initiation and development are a promising perspective for preventive treatments and metastasis management in advanced breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Fernández Vallone
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Core Unit Pluripotent Stem Cells and Organoids, Berlin, Germany
| | - Francisco Raúl Borzone
- Laboratorio de Inmunohematología, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Leandro Marcelo Martinez
- Department of Medicine, Hematology and Medical Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, United States
| | - María Belén Giorello
- Laboratorio de Inmunohematología, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Hosoon Choi
- Research Service, Central Texas Veterans Health Care System, Temple, Texas, TX, United States
| | - Federico Dimase
- Servicio de Hematología, Hospital Militar Central, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Leonardo Feldman
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (UNCPB), Tandil, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Ana Marisa Chudzinski-Tavassi
- Laboratory of Development and Innovation/Center of Excellence in New Target Discovery, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Emilio Batagelj
- Servicio de Oncología, Hospital Militar Central, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Norma Alejandra Chasseing
- Laboratorio de Inmunohematología, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Bolamperti S, Villa I, Rubinacci A. Bone remodeling: an operational process ensuring survival and bone mechanical competence. Bone Res 2022; 10:48. [PMID: 35851054 PMCID: PMC9293977 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-022-00219-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone remodeling replaces old and damaged bone with new bone through a sequence of cellular events occurring on the same surface without any change in bone shape. It was initially thought that the basic multicellular unit (BMU) responsible for bone remodeling consists of osteoclasts and osteoblasts functioning through a hierarchical sequence of events organized into distinct stages. However, recent discoveries have indicated that all bone cells participate in BMU formation by interacting both simultaneously and at different differentiation stages with their progenitors, other cells, and bone matrix constituents. Therefore, bone remodeling is currently considered a physiological outcome of continuous cellular operational processes optimized to confer a survival advantage. Bone remodeling defines the primary activities that BMUs need to perform to renew successfully bone structural units. Hence, this review summarizes the current understanding of bone remodeling and future research directions with the aim of providing a clinically relevant biological background with which to identify targets for therapeutic strategies in osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Bolamperti
- Osteoporosis and Bone and Mineral Metabolism Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milano, Italy
| | - Isabella Villa
- Osteoporosis and Bone and Mineral Metabolism Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milano, Italy
| | - Alessandro Rubinacci
- Osteoporosis and Bone and Mineral Metabolism Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milano, Italy.
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Zhang S, He W, Li A, Zhao C, Chen Y, Xu C, Zhang Q, Zheng D, Chen M, Miao H, Huang Y. Involvement of the TNF-α/SATB2 axis in the induced apoptosis and inhibited autophagy of osteoblasts by the antipsychotic Risperidone. Mol Med 2022; 28:46. [PMID: 35505281 PMCID: PMC9066868 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-022-00466-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Risperidone, an atypical antipsychotic, impedes serotonin and dopamine receptor systems. Meanwhile, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is known to participate in regulating osteoblast functions. Consequently, the current study aimed to investigate whether the influences of Risperidone on osteoblast functions are associated with TNF-α and special AT-rich sequence-binding protein (SATB2). METHODS Firstly, we searched the DGIdb, MEM and GeneCards databases to identify the critical factors involved in the effects of Risperidone on osteoblasts, as well as their interactions. Afterwards, osteoblast cell line MC3T3-E1 was transduced with lentivirus carrying si-TNF-α, si-SATB2 or both and subsequently treated with Risperidone. Various abilities including differentiation, autophagy and apoptosis of osteoblasts were examined after different treatments. Finally, animal experiments were performed with Risperidone alone or together with lentivirus to verify the function of Risperidone in vivo and the mechanism. RESULTS It was found that Risperidone might promote TNF-α expression, thereby inhibiting the expression of SATB2 to affect the autophagy and apoptosis in osteoblasts. Furthermore, as shown by our experimental findings, Risperidone treatment inhibited the differentiation and autophagy, and promoted the apoptosis of osteoblasts, as evidenced by elevated levels of OPG, p62, cleaved PARP1, cleaved caspase-3, cleaved caspase-8, and cleaved caspase-9, and reduced levels of LC3 II/I, Beclin1, collagen I, and RANKL. In addition, Risperidone was also found to elevate the expression of TNF-α to down-regulate SATB2, thereby inhibiting the differentiation and autophagy and enhancing the apoptosis of osteoblasts in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, our findings indicated that Risperidone affects the differentiation of osteoblasts by inhibiting autophagy and enhancing apoptosis via TNF-α-mediated down-regulation of SATB2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyao Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510220, China
| | - Wei He
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510220, China
| | - Aiguo Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510220, China
| | - Chengkuan Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510220, China
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510220, China
| | - Yun Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510220, China
| | - Chengcheng Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510220, China
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510220, China
| | - Qiuzhen Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510220, China
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510220, China
| | - Danling Zheng
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510220, China
| | - Meini Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510220, China
| | - Haixiong Miao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510220, China
- Department of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, No. 396, Tongfuzhong Road, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, 510220, Guangdong, China
| | - Yihui Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
- Department of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, No. 396, Tongfuzhong Road, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, 510220, Guangdong, China
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11
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Werny JG, Sagheb K, Diaz L, Kämmerer PW, Al-Nawas B, Schiegnitz E. Does vitamin D have an effect on osseointegration of dental implants? A systematic review. Int J Implant Dent 2022; 8:16. [PMID: 35403929 PMCID: PMC9001786 DOI: 10.1186/s40729-022-00414-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this study was to systematically review the available evidence to evaluate the efficacy of vitamin D supplementation or vitamin D depletion on the osseointegration of implants in animals and humans.
Methods
The focus questions addressed were “Do vitamin D deficient subjects treated with (dental) implants have an inferior osseointegration than subjects with adequate serum vitamin D level?” and “Do vitamin D supplemented subjects treated with (dental) implants have a superior osseointegration than subjects with adequate serum vitamin D level?” Humans and animals were considered as subjects in this study. Databases were searched from 1969 up to and including March 2021 using different combination of the following terms: “implant”, “bone to implant contact”, “vitamin D” and “osseointegration”. Letters to the editor, historic reviews, commentaries and articles published in languages other than English and German were excluded. The pattern of the present systematic review was customize to primarily summarize the pertinent data.
Results
Thirteen experimental studies with animals as subject, two clinical studies and three case reports, with humans as subjects, were included. The amount of inserted titanium implants ranged between 24 and 1740. Results from three animal studies showed that vitamin D deficiency has a negative effect on new bone formation and/or bone to implant contact (BIC). Eight animal studies showed that vitamin D supplementation has a enhancing effect on BIC and/or new bone formation around implants. Furthermore, enhancing the impact of vitamin D supplementation on the osseointegration of implants in subjects with diabetes mellitus, osteoporosis and chronic kidney disease (CKD) were assessed. Studies and case reports involving human subjects showed that patients with a low serum vitamin D level have a higher tendency to exhibit an early dental implant failure. When supplemented with vitamin D the osseointegration was successful in the case reports and a beneficial impact on the changes in the bone level during the osseointegration were determined.
Conclusions
Vitamin D deficiency seems to have a negative effect on the osseointegration of implants in animals. The supplementation of vitamin D appears to improve the osseointegration in animals with systemic diseases, such as vitamin D deficiency, diabetes mellitus, osteoporosis, and CKD. Slight evidence supports the hypothesis that humans similarly benefit from vitamin D supplementation in terms of osseointegration. Further investigation is required to maintain these assumptions.
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12
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Munmun F, Witt-Enderby PA. Mesenchymal Stem Cell and Monocyte Co-cultures. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2550:353-364. [PMID: 36180705 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2593-4_36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Transwell co-cultures are critical to study cell-to-cell communication through the release of factors between different cells allowing for the simultaneous assessment of treatment effects on one cell type (e.g., Cell A) and their impact on another cell type (e.g., Cell B). This allows for the simultaneous assessment of two different cell types and the factors they secrete under the same treatment conditions, which minimizes interexperimental variability, demonstrates causation rather than association, and enhances the translatability of the findings to the in vivo condition. Here we describe transwell co-cultures of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and peripheral blood monocytes or pre-osteoclasts to assess osteoblast-mediated actions on osteoclastogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahima Munmun
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Duquesne University School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Paula A Witt-Enderby
- Division of Pharmaceutical, Administrative and Social Sciences, Duquesne University School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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13
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Wong K, Chantharasamee J, Nelson S, Eckardt MA, Motamedi K, Hornicek FJ, Singh AS. Aggressive osteoblastoma with a secondary aneurysmal bone cyst treated with denosumab. Rare Tumors 2021; 13:20363613211034710. [PMID: 34484648 PMCID: PMC8408893 DOI: 10.1177/20363613211034710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoblastomas and aneurysmal bone cysts (ABC) are rare benign bone tumors that make up about 1%-2% of primary bone malignancies, typically occurring in young patients with a median age of 20 years, most commonly effecting the axial skeleton. ABCs may develop independently as primary lesions, or secondary to other bony lesions including osteoblastomas, chondroblastomas, and giant cell tumors. Treatment of unresectable or extensive osteoblastomas can be challenging. In 2013, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved denosumab for the treatment of giant cell tumors of the bone due to its efficacy in these morbid bony lesions. Various case reports have shown that osteoblastomas can respond to denosumab. Furthermore, numerous ABC case reports have described the efficacy of denosumab in these situations. We herein describe a unique case of a young patient with an aggressive osteoblastoma and secondary ABCs who was successfully treated with denosumab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karlton Wong
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jomjit Chantharasamee
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Scott Nelson
- Department of Pathology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mark A Eckardt
- Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,Division of Surgical Oncology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Surgery, Greater Los Angeles Veterans Health Administration, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kambiz Motamedi
- Department of Radiology, University of California Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Francis J Hornicek
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Arun S Singh
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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14
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Long-term effect of hematopoietic cell transplantation on systemic inflammation in patients with mucopolysaccharidoses. Blood Adv 2021; 5:3092-3101. [PMID: 34402882 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2020003824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS) are devastating inherited diseases treated with hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). However, disease progression, especially skeletal, still occurs in all patients. Secondary inflammation has been hypothesized to be a cause. To investigate whether systemic inflammation is present in untreated patients and to evaluate the effect of HCT on systemic inflammation, dried blood spots (n = 66) of patients with MPS (n = 33) treated with HCT between 2003 and 2019 were included. Time points consisted of pre-HCT and, for patients with MPS type I (MPS I), also at 1, 3, and 10 years of follow-up. Ninety-two markers of the OLINK inflammation panel were measured and compared with those of age-matched control subjects (n = 31) by using principal component analysis and Wilcoxon rank sum tests with correction. Median age at transplantation was 1.3 years (range, 0.2-4.8 years), and median time of pre-HCT sample to transplantation was 0.1 year. Normal leukocyte enzyme activity levels were achieved in 93% of patients post-HCT. Pretransplant samples showed clear separation of patients and control subjects. Markers that differentiated pre-HCT between control subjects and patients were mainly pro-inflammatory (50%) or related to bone homeostasis and extracellular matrix degradation (33%). After 10 years' follow-up, only 5 markers (receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-Β ligand, osteoprotegerin, axis inhibition protein 1 [AXIN1], stem cell factor, and Fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 ligand) remained significantly increased, with a large fold change difference between patients with MPS I and control subjects. In conclusion, systemic inflammation is present in untreated MPS patients and is reduced upon treatment with HCT. Markers related to bone homeostasis remain elevated up to 10 years after HCT and possibly reflect the ongoing skeletal disease, making them potential biomarkers for the evaluation of new therapies.
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15
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Munmun F, Witt-Enderby PA. Melatonin effects on bone: Implications for use as a therapy for managing bone loss. J Pineal Res 2021; 71:e12749. [PMID: 34085304 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin is the primary circadian output signal from the brain and is mainly synthesized in pinealocytes. The rhythm and secretion of melatonin are under the control of an endogenous oscillator located in the SCN or the master biological clock. Disruptions in circadian rhythms by shift work, aging, or light at night are associated with bone loss and increased fracture risk. Restoration of nocturnal melatonin peaks to normal levels or therapeutic levels through timed melatonin supplementation has been demonstrated to provide bone-protective actions in various models. Melatonin is a unique molecule with diverse molecular actions targeting melatonin receptors located on the plasma membrane or mitochondria or acting independently of receptors through its actions as an antioxidant or free radical scavenger to stimulate osteoblastogenesis, inhibit osteoclastogenesis, and improve bone density. Its additional actions on entraining circadian rhythms and improving quality of life in an aging population coupled with its safety profile make it an ideal therapeutic candidate for protecting against bone loss in susceptible populations. The intent of this review is to provide a focused discussion on bone loss and disorders of the bone as it relates to melatonin and conditions that modify melatonin levels with the hope that future therapies include those that include melatonin and correct those factors that modify melatonin levels like circadian disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahima Munmun
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Duquesne University School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Paula A Witt-Enderby
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Duquesne University School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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16
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Starczak Y, Reinke DC, Barratt KR, Russell PK, Clarke MV, Davey RA, Atkins GJ, Anderson PH. Vitamin D receptor expression in mature osteoclasts reduces bone loss due to low dietary calcium intake in male mice. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2021; 210:105857. [PMID: 33647520 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2021.105857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Mature osteoclasts express the vitamin D receptor (VDR) and are able to respond to active vitamin D (1α, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3; 1,25(OH)2D3) by regulating cell maturation and activity. However, the in vivo consequences of vitamin D signalling directly within functionally mature osteoclasts is only partially understood. To investigate the in vivo role of VDR in mature osteoclasts, conditional deletion of the VDR under control of the cathepsin K promoter (CtskCre/Vdr-/-), was assessed in 6 and 12-week-old mice, either under normal dietary conditions (NormCaP) or when fed a low calcium (0.03 %), low phosphorous (0.08 %) diet (LowCaP). Splenocytes from CtskCre/Vdr-/- mice were co-cultured with MLO-Y4 osteocyte-like cells to assess the effect on osteoclastogenesis. Six-week-old CtskCre/Vdr-/- mice demonstrated a 10 % decrease in vertebral bone volume (p < 0.05), which was associated with increased osteoclast size (p < 0.05) when compared to Vdrfl/fl control mice. Control mice fed a LowCaP diet exhibited extensive trabecular bone loss associated with increased osteoclast surface, number and size (p < 0.0001). Interestingly, CtskCre/Vdr-/- mice fed a LowCaP diet showed exacerbated loss of bone volume fraction (BV/TV%) and trabecular number (Tb.N), by a further 22 % and 21 %, respectively (p < 0.05), suggesting increased osteoclastic bone resorption activity with the loss of VDR in mature osteoclasts under these conditions. Co-culture of CtskCre/Vdr-/- splenocytes with MLO-Y4 cells increased resulting osteoclast numbers 2.5-fold, which were greater in nuclei density and exhibited increased resorption of dentine compared to osteoclasts derived from Vdrfl/fl splenocyte cultures. These data suggest that in addition to RANKL-mediated osteoclastogenesis, intact VDR signalling is required for the direct regulation of the differentiation and activity of osteoclasts in both in vivo and ex vivo settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yolandi Starczak
- Clinical and Health Sciences, Health and Biomedical Innovation, University of South Australia, SA, Australia; Centre for Orthopaedic and Trauma Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Daniel C Reinke
- Centre for Orthopaedic and Trauma Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Kate R Barratt
- Clinical and Health Sciences, Health and Biomedical Innovation, University of South Australia, SA, Australia
| | - Patricia K Russell
- Department of Medicine, Austin Health, The University of Melbourne, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
| | - Michelle V Clarke
- Department of Medicine, Austin Health, The University of Melbourne, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
| | - Rachel A Davey
- Department of Medicine, Austin Health, The University of Melbourne, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
| | - Gerald J Atkins
- Centre for Orthopaedic and Trauma Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Paul H Anderson
- Clinical and Health Sciences, Health and Biomedical Innovation, University of South Australia, SA, Australia.
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17
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Barker AJ, Arthur A, DeNichilo MO, Panagopoulos R, Gronthos S, Anderson PJ, Zannettino AC, Evdokiou A, Panagopoulos V. Plant-derived soybean peroxidase stimulates osteoblast collagen biosynthesis, matrix mineralization, and accelerates bone regeneration in a sheep model. Bone Rep 2021; 14:101096. [PMID: 34136591 PMCID: PMC8178086 DOI: 10.1016/j.bonr.2021.101096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone defects arising from fractures or disease represent a significant problem for surgeons to manage and are a substantial economic burden on the healthcare economy. Recent advances in the development of biomaterial substitutes provides an attractive alternative to the current "gold standard" autologous bone grafting. Despite on-going research, we are yet to identify cost effective biocompatible, osteo-inductive factors that stimulate controlled, accelerated bone regeneration.We have recently reported that enzymes with peroxidase activity possess previously unrecognised roles in extracellular matrix biosynthesis, angiogenesis and osteoclastogenesis, which are essential processes in bone remodelling and repair. Here, we report for the first time, that plant-derived soybean peroxidase (SBP) possesses pro-osteogenic ability by promoting collagen I biosynthesis and matrix mineralization of human osteoblasts in vitro. Mechanistically, SBP regulates osteogenic genes responsible for inflammation, extracellular matrix remodelling and ossification, which are necessary for normal bone healing. Furthermore, SBP was shown to have osteo-inductive properties, that when combined with commercially available biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) granules can accelerate bone repair in a critical size long bone defect ovine model. Micro-CT analysis showed that SBP when combined with commercially available biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) granules significantly increased bone formation within the defects as early as 4 weeks compared to BCP alone. Histomorphometric assessment demonstrated accelerated bone formation prominent at the defect margins and surrounding individual BCP granules, with evidence of intramembranous ossification. These results highlight the capacity of SBP to be an effective regulator of osteoblastic function and may be beneficial as a new and cost effective osteo-inductive agent to accelerate repair of large bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra J. Barker
- Musculoskeletal Biology Research Laboratory, Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Agnes Arthur
- Mesenchymal Stem Cell Laboratory, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
- Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Mark O. DeNichilo
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Romana Panagopoulos
- Breast Cancer Research Unit, School of Medicine, Discipline of Surgery and Orthopaedics, Basil Hetzel Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Stan Gronthos
- Mesenchymal Stem Cell Laboratory, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
- Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Peter J. Anderson
- Mesenchymal Stem Cell Laboratory, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
- Australian Craniofacial Unit, Women's and Children's Hospital, Department of Paediatrics and Dentistry, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
- Central Adelaide Local Health Network, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Andrew C.W. Zannettino
- Myeloma Research Laboratory, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
- Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia
- Department of Haematology, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia
- Central Adelaide Local Health Network, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Andreas Evdokiou
- Breast Cancer Research Unit, School of Medicine, Discipline of Surgery and Orthopaedics, Basil Hetzel Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Vasilios Panagopoulos
- Myeloma Research Laboratory, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
- Breast Cancer Research Unit, School of Medicine, Discipline of Surgery and Orthopaedics, Basil Hetzel Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
- Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia
- Corresponding author at: Myeloma Research Laboratory, Level 5 South, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide SA 500, Australia.
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18
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Miah M, Goh I, Haniffa M. Prenatal Development and Function of Human Mononuclear Phagocytes. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:649937. [PMID: 33898444 PMCID: PMC8060508 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.649937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The human mononuclear phagocyte (MP) system, which includes dendritic cells, monocytes, and macrophages, is a critical regulator of innate and adaptive immune responses. During embryonic development, MPs derive sequentially in yolk sac progenitors, fetal liver, and bone marrow haematopoietic stem cells. MPs maintain tissue homeostasis and confer protective immunity in post-natal life. Recent evidence - primarily in animal models - highlight their critical role in coordinating the remodeling, maturation, and repair of target organs during embryonic and fetal development. However, the molecular regulation governing chemotaxis, homeostasis, and functional diversification of resident MP cells in their respective organ systems during development remains elusive. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the development and functional contribution of tissue MPs during human organ development and morphogenesis and its relevance to regenerative medicine. We outline how single-cell multi-omic approaches and next-generation ex-vivo organ-on-chip models provide new experimental platforms to study the role of human MPs during development and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohi Miah
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Issac Goh
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Muzlifah Haniffa
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.,Department of Dermatology and NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.,Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, United Kingdom
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19
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Ziemińska M, Sieklucka B, Pawlak K. Vitamin K and D Supplementation and Bone Health in Chronic Kidney Disease-Apart or Together? Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13030809. [PMID: 33804453 PMCID: PMC7999920 DOI: 10.3390/nu13030809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin K (VK) and vitamin D (VD) deficiency/insufficiency is a common feature of chronic kidney disease (CKD), leading to impaired bone quality and a higher risk of fractures. CKD patients, with disturbances in VK and VD metabolism, do not have sufficient levels of these vitamins for maintaining normal bone formation and mineralization. So far, there has been no consensus on what serum VK and VD levels can be considered sufficient in this particular population. Moreover, there are no clear guidelines how supplementation of these vitamins should be carried out in the course of CKD. Based on the existing results of preclinical studies and clinical evidence, this review intends to discuss the effect of VK and VD on bone remodeling in CKD. Although the mechanisms of action and the effects of these vitamins on bone are distinct, we try to find evidence for synergy between them in relation to bone metabolism, to answer the question of whether combined supplementation of VK and VD will be more beneficial for bone health in the CKD population than administering each of these vitamins separately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Ziemińska
- Department of Monitored Pharmacotherapy, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland;
| | - Beata Sieklucka
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland;
| | - Krystyna Pawlak
- Department of Monitored Pharmacotherapy, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-85-748-5600
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20
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Nanoceria provides antioxidant and osteogenic properties to mesoporous silica nanoparticles for osteoporosis treatment. Acta Biomater 2021; 122:365-376. [PMID: 33359295 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Osteoporosis, a chronic metabolic bone disease, is the most common cause of fractures. Drugs for treating osteoporosis generally inhibit osteoclast (OC) activity, but are rarely aimed at encouraging new bone growth and often cause severe systemic side effects. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are one of the key triggers of osteoporosis, by inducing osteoblast (OB) and osteocyte apoptosis and promoting osteoclastogenesis. Here we tested the capability of the ROS-scavenger nanoceria encapsulated within mesoporous silica nanoparticles (Ce@MSNs) to treat osteoporosis using a pre-osteoblast MC3T3-E1 cell monoculture in stressed and normal conditions. Ce@MSNs (diameter of 80 ± 10 nm) were synthesised following a scalable two-step process involving sol-gel and wet impregnation methods. The Ce@MSNs at concentration of 100 μg mL-1 induced a significant reduction in oxidative stress produced by t-butyl hydroperoxide and did not alter cell viability significantly. Confocal microscopy showed that MSNs and Ce@MsNs were internalised into the cytoplasm of the pre-osteoblasts after 24 h but were not in the nucleus, avoiding any DNA and RNA modifications. Ce@MSNs provoked mineralisation of the pre-osteoablasts without osteogenic supplements, which did not occur when the cells were exposed to MSN without nanoceria. In a co-culture system of MC3T3-E1 and RAW264.7 macrophages, the Ce@MSNs exhibited antioxidant capability and stimulated cell proliferation and osteogenic responses without adding osteogenic supplements to the culture. The work brings forward an effective platform based for facile synthesis of Ce@MSNs to interact with both OBs and OCs for treatment of osteoporosis.
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21
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Maher S, Wijenayaka AR, Lima-Marques L, Yang D, Atkins GJ, Losic D. Advancing of Additive-Manufactured Titanium Implants with Bioinspired Micro- to Nanotopographies. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 7:441-450. [PMID: 33492936 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c01210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
There is an increasing demand for low-cost and more efficient titanium (Ti) medical implants that will provide improved osseointegration and at the same time reduce the likelihood of infection. In the past decade, additive manufacturing (AM) using metal selective laser melting (SLM) or three-dimensional (3D) printing techniques has emerged to enable novel implant geometries or properties to overcome such potential challenges. This study presents a new surface engineering approach to create bioinspired multistructured surfaces on SLM-printed Ti alloy (Ti6Al4V) implants by combining SLM technology, electrochemical anodization, and hydrothermal (HT) processes. The resulting implants display unique surfaces with a distinctive dual micro- to nano-topography composed of micron-sized spherical features, fabricated by SLM and vertically aligned nanoscale pillar structures as a result of combining anodization and HT treatment. The fabricated implants enhanced hydroxyapatite-like mineral deposition from simulated body fluid (SBF) compared to control. In addition, normal human osteoblast-like cells (NHBCs) showed strong adhesion to the nano-/microstructures and displayed greater propensity to mineralize compared to control surfaces. This engineering approach and the resulting nature-inspired multiscale-structured surface offers desired features for improving osseointegration and antibacterial performance toward the development of next-generation orthopedic and dental implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaheer Maher
- School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - Asiri R Wijenayaka
- Centre for Orthopaedic and Trauma Research, Adelaide Medical School, Discipline of Orthopaedics and Trauma, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - Luis Lima-Marques
- The Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - Dongqing Yang
- Centre for Orthopaedic and Trauma Research, Adelaide Medical School, Discipline of Orthopaedics and Trauma, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - Gerald J Atkins
- Centre for Orthopaedic and Trauma Research, Adelaide Medical School, Discipline of Orthopaedics and Trauma, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - Dusan Losic
- School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
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The effect of strontium ranelate on titanium particle-induced periprosthetic osteolysis regulated by WNT/β-catenin signaling in vivo and in vitro. Biosci Rep 2021; 41:227588. [PMID: 33443286 PMCID: PMC7846966 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20203003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Aseptic loosening following periprosthetic osteolysis is the primary complication that limits the lifetime of total joint arthroplasty (TJA). The wear particles trigger a chronic inflammation response in the periprosthetic tissue and turn over the bone balance to bone resorption. The present study aimed to investigate the possible effect and mechanism of strontium ranelate (SR), a clinically safe drug for osteoporosis, on particle-induced periprosthetic osteolysis. Thirty-six female C57BL/6j mice underwent tibial Ti-nail implantation to establish an animal model of aseptic loosening. After 12 weeks, micro-CT results showed that strontium ranelate could inhibit periprosthetic bone resorption. In vitro, Ti particles were used to stimulate RAW264.7 cell line to collect conditioned medium, and co-culture MC3T3-E1 cell line with conditioned medium to establish a cell model of aseptic loosening. The results of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) detection, immunofluorescence, and flow cytometry demonstrated that strontium ranelate could regulate the expression of OPG/RANKL, promote differentiation and mineralization, and inhibit apoptosis in osteoblasts. Moreover, we revealed that SR’s exerted its therapeutic effect by down-regulating sclerostin, thereby activating the Wnt/β-catenin signal pathway. Therefore, this research suggests that strontium ranelate could be a potential drug for the prevention and treatment of particle-induced aseptic loosening post-TJA.
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Targeted Ptpn11 deletion in mice reveals the essential role of SHP2 in osteoblast differentiation and skeletal homeostasis. Bone Res 2021; 9:6. [PMID: 33500396 PMCID: PMC7838289 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-020-00129-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The maturation and function of osteoblasts (OBs) rely heavily on the reversible phosphorylation of signaling proteins. To date, most of the work in OBs has focused on phosphorylation by tyrosyl kinases, but little has been revealed about dephosphorylation by protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPases). SHP2 (encoded by PTPN11) is a ubiquitously expressed PTPase. PTPN11 mutations are associated with both bone and cartilage manifestations in patients with Noonan syndrome (NS) and metachondromatosis (MC), although the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we report that SHP2 deletion in bone gamma-carboxyglutamate protein-expressing (Bglap+) bone cells leads to massive osteopenia in both trabecular and cortical bones due to the failure of bone cell maturation and enhanced osteoclast activity, and its deletion in Bglap+ chondrocytes results in the onset of enchondroma and osteochondroma in aged mice with increased tubular bone length. Mechanistically, SHP2 was found to be required for osteoblastic differentiation by promoting RUNX2/OSTERIX signaling and for the suppression of osteoclastogenesis by inhibiting STAT3-mediated RANKL production by osteoblasts and osteocytes. These findings are likely to explain the compromised skeletal system in NS and MC patients and to inform the development of novel therapeutics to combat skeletal disorders.
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Delaisse JM, Andersen TL, Kristensen HB, Jensen PR, Andreasen CM, Søe K. Re-thinking the bone remodeling cycle mechanism and the origin of bone loss. Bone 2020; 141:115628. [PMID: 32919109 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2020.115628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Proper bone remodeling necessarily requires that osteoblasts reconstruct the bone that osteoclasts have resorbed. However, the cellular events connecting resorption to reconstruction have remained poorly known. The consequence is a fragmentary understanding of the remodeling cycle where only the resorption and formation steps are taken into account. New tools have recently made possible to elucidate how resorption shifts to formation, thereby allowing to comprehend the remodeling cycle as a whole. This new knowledge is reviewed herein. It shows how teams of osteoclasts and osteoblast lineage cells are progressively established and how they are subjected therein to reciprocal interactions. Contrary to the common view, osteoclasts and osteoprogenitors are intermingled on the eroded surfaces. The analysis of the resorption and cell population dynamics shows that osteoprogenitor cell expansion and resorption proceed as an integrated mechanism; that a threshold cell density of osteoprogenitors on the eroded surface is mandatory for onset of bone formation; that the cell initiating osteoprogenitor cell expansion is the osteoclast; and that the osteoclast therefore triggers putative osteoprogenitor reservoirs positioned at proximity of the eroded bone surface (bone lining cells, canopy cells, pericytes). The interplay between magnitude of resorption and rate of cell expansion governs how soon bone reconstruction is initiated and may determine uncoupling and permanent bone loss if a threshold cell density is not reached. The clinical perspectives opened by these findings are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Marie Delaisse
- Clinical Cell Biology, Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, Department of Clinical Research, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
| | - Thomas Levin Andersen
- Clinical Cell Biology, Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, Department of Clinical Research, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Department of Forensic Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
| | - Helene Bjoerg Kristensen
- Clinical Cell Biology, Lillebælt Hospital, Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Vejle, Denmark.
| | - Pia Rosgaard Jensen
- Clinical Cell Biology, Lillebælt Hospital, Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Vejle, Denmark.
| | - Christina Møller Andreasen
- Clinical Cell Biology, Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, Department of Clinical Research, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
| | - Kent Søe
- Clinical Cell Biology, Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, Department of Clinical Research, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
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Allison H, Holdsworth G, McNamara LM. Scl-Ab reverts pro-osteoclastogenic signalling and resorption in estrogen deficient osteocytes. BMC Mol Cell Biol 2020; 21:78. [PMID: 33148174 PMCID: PMC7643443 DOI: 10.1186/s12860-020-00322-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Neutralising antibodies to sclerostin (Scl-Ab) have shown significant potential to induce bone formation and decrease bone resorption, increase strength and substantially reduce fracture risk in animal studies and clinical trials. Mechanical loading negatively regulates sclerostin expression, and sclerostin has been shown to induce RANKL synthesis in osteocytes. However, how Scl-Ab governs osteocyte regulation of osteoclast differentiation and function is not fully understood. We have recently discovered that osteoblasts and osteocytes alter osteoclastogenic signalling (RANKL/OPG) during estrogen-deficiency, and that osteoblast-induced osteoclastogenesis and resorption are exacerbated. However, it is not known whether estrogen deficient osteocytes exacerbate osteoclastogenesis. The aims of this study were to (1) establish whether osteocytes induce osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption during estrogen deficiency in vitro (2) investigate whether the sclerostin antibody can revert osteocyte-mediated osteoclastogenesis and resorption by attenuating RANKL/OPG expression. Results Using conditioned media and co-culture experiments we found increased osteocyte-induced osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption in estrogen deficient conditions. This is the first study to report that administration of Scl-Ab has the ability to revert osteocyte-mediated osteoclastogenesis and resorption by decreasing RANKL/OPG ratio expression and increasing WISP1 expression in estrogen deficient osteocytes. Conclusions This study provides an enhanced understanding of the biological changes underpinning decreases in bone resorption following Scl-Ab treatment observed in vivo by revealing that Scl-Ab can reduce pro-osteoclastogenic cell signalling between osteocytes and osteoclasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Allison
- Mechanobiology and Medical Devices Research Group (MMDRG), Centre for Biomechanics Research (BioMEC), Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Informatics, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | | | - L M McNamara
- Mechanobiology and Medical Devices Research Group (MMDRG), Centre for Biomechanics Research (BioMEC), Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Informatics, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.
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de Melo Pereira D, Eischen-Loges M, Birgani ZT, Habibovic P. Proliferation and Osteogenic Differentiation of hMSCs on Biomineralized Collagen. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:554565. [PMID: 33195119 PMCID: PMC7644787 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.554565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Biomineralized collagen with intrafibrillar calcium phosphate mineral provides an excellent mimic of the composition and structure of the extracellular matrix of bone, from nano- to micro-scale. Scaffolds prepared from this material have the potential to become the next-generation of synthetic bone graft substitutes, as their unique properties make them closer to the native tissue than synthetic alternatives currently available to clinicians. To understand the interaction between biomineralized collagen and cells that are relevant in the context of bone regeneration, we studied the growth and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow derived human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs) cultured on biomineralized collagen membranes, and compared it to the cell behavior on collagen membranes without mineral. Cells proliferated normally on both biomimetic membranes, and were more triggered to differentiate toward the osteogenic lineage by the biomineralized collagen. This was shown by the elevated mRNA levels of RUNX2, SPP1, ENPP1, and OCN after 3 days of culture, and COL1A1 after 14 days of culture on mineralized collagen. The mRNA levels of the tested markers of osteogenesis were lower on collagen membranes without mineral, with the exception of OCN, which was more highly expressed on collagen than on biomineralized collagen membranes. Expression by hMSCs of OPG, a gene involved in inhibition of osteoclastogenesis, was higher on biomineralized collagen at day 3, while M-CSF, involved in osteoblast-osteoclast communication, was upregulated on both membranes at day 3 and 14 of culture. Alkaline phosphatase activity of hMSCs was high on both biomimetic membranes when compared with cells cultured on tissue culture plastic. Cell-induced mineralization was observed on collagen membranes, while the high mineral content of the biomineralized membranes prohibited a reliable analysis of cell-induced mineralization on these membranes. In conclusion, we have identified that both collagen and biomineralized collagen support proliferation, osteogenic differentiation and mineralization of hMSCs, with biomineralized membranes having a more pronounced positive effect. These findings support the existing evidence that biomineralized collagen is a promising material in the field of bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Pamela Habibovic
- Department of Instructive Biomaterials Engineering, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
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Lai M, Yan X, Shen K, Tang Q, Fang X, Zhang C, Zhu Z, Hou Y. The effect of calcitonin gene-related peptide functionalized TiO2 nanotubes on osteoblast and osteoclast differentiation in vitro. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.124899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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BMP-2 Variants in Breast Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition and Microcalcifications Origin. Cells 2020; 9:cells9061381. [PMID: 32498363 PMCID: PMC7348762 DOI: 10.3390/cells9061381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the possible different roles of the BMP-2 variants, cytoplasmic and nuclear variant, in both epithelial to mesenchymal transition and in microcalcifications origin in human breast cancers. To this end, the in situ expression of cytoplasmic and nuclear BMP-2 was associated with the expression of the main epithelial to mesenchymal transition biomarkers (e-cadherin and vimentin) and molecules involved in bone metabolisms (RUNX2, RANKL, SDF-1) by immunohistochemistry. In addition, the expression of cytoplasmic and nuclear BMP-2 was associated with the presence of microcalcifications. Our data showed a significant association among the number of cytoplasmic BMP-2-positive cells and the number of both vimentin (positive association) and e-cadherin (negative association) positive breast cells. Conversely, no associations were found concerning the nuclear BMP-2-positive breast cells. Surprisingly, the opposite result was obtained by analyzing the variants of BMP-2 and both the expression of RANKL and SDF-1 and the presence of microcalcifications. Specifically, the presence of microcalcifications was related to the expression of nuclear BMP-2 variant rather than the cytoplasmic one, as well as a strong association between the number of nuclear BMP-2 and the expression of the main breast osteoblast-like cells (BOLCs) biomarkers. To further corroborate these data, an in vitro experiment for demonstrating the co-expression of nBMP-2 and RANKL or vimentin or SDF-1 in breast cancer cells that acquire the capability to produce microcalcifications was developed. These investigations confirmed the association between the nBMP-2 expression and both RANKL and SDF-1. The data supports the idea that whilst cytoplasmic BMP-2 can be involved in epithelial to mesenchymal transition phenomenon, the nuclear variant is related to the essential mechanisms for the formation of breast microcalcifications. In conclusion, from these experimental and translational perspectives, the complexity of BMP-2 signaling will require a detailed understanding of the involvement of specific BMP-2 variants in breast cancers.
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Kratochvílová A, Veselá B, Ledvina V, Švandová E, Klepárník K, Dadáková K, Beneš P, Matalová E. Osteogenic impact of pro-apoptotic caspase inhibitors in MC3T3-E1 cells. Sci Rep 2020; 10:7489. [PMID: 32366890 PMCID: PMC7198622 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-64294-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Caspases are proteases traditionally associated with inflammation and cell death. Recently, they have also been shown to modulate cell proliferation and differentiation. The aim of the current research was to search for osteogenic molecules affected by caspase inhibition and to specify the individual caspases critical for these effects with a focus on proapoptotic caspases: caspase-2, -3, -6, -7, -8 and -9. Along with osteocalcin (Ocn), general caspase inhibition significantly decreased the expression of the Phex gene in differentiated MC3T3-E1 cells. The inhibition of individual caspases indicated that caspase-8 is a major contributor to the modification of Ocn and Phex expression. Caspase-2 and-6 had effects on Ocn and caspase-6 had an effect on Phex. These data confirm and expand the current knowledge about the nonapoptotic roles of caspases and the effect of their pharmacological inhibition on the osteogenic potential of osteoblastic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adéla Kratochvílová
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Veselá
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Vojtěch Ledvina
- Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Švandová
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Klepárník
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Dadáková
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Beneš
- Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Matalová
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Physiology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
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Serum extracellular vesicles expressing bone activity markers associate with bone loss after HIV antiretroviral therapy. AIDS 2020; 34:351-361. [PMID: 31725429 DOI: 10.1097/qad.0000000000002430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We tested whether bone-related extracellular vesicle phenotypes changed after initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART) and determined whether changes in levels of extracellular vesicles correlated with changes in bone mineral density (BMD). DESIGN Extracellular vesicle phenotypes were measured in blinded serum samples from 15 adults with HIV at baseline, 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after ART initiation. Not all samples were available at each time point so we averaged early (TP1, 1-3 months) and late (TP2, 6-12 months) time points. METHODS Extracellular vesicles were stained for osteocalcin (OC), RANKL (CD254), RANK (CD265), M-CSF (macrophage colony stimulating factor), and CD34. Serum OC, procollagen type I N-terminal propeptide (P1NP), and C-terminal telopeptide of type 1 collagen (CTx) were also measured. RESULTS BMD significantly decreased from baseline to 12 months. Levels of OC+EVs, serum OC, serum P1NP, and CTx were significantly higher at early and late time points compared with baseline. Increases in EVs expressing OC, RANKL, RANK, and CD34 from baseline to TP1 were associated with decreases in total hip BMD from baseline to 12 months. Change in serum OC, P1NP, and CTx from baseline to TP1 or TP2 did not correlate with change in BMD. CONCLUSION Early changes in extracellular vesicles expressing markers of bone activity were associated with total hip bone loss 12 months after ART initiation. These data suggest that serum extracellular vesicles may serve as novel biomarkers of bone remodeling. Future studies are required to determine if extracellular vesicles contribute to the effects of ART on changes in bone turnover markers and BMD.
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Weiss-Bilka HE, Meagher MJ, Gargac JA, Niebur GL, Roeder RK, Wagner DR. Mineral deposition and vascular invasion of hydroxyapatite reinforced collagen scaffolds seeded with human adipose-derived stem cells. Biomater Res 2019; 23:15. [PMID: 31641529 PMCID: PMC6796373 DOI: 10.1186/s40824-019-0167-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Collagen-based scaffolds reinforced with hydroxyapatite (HA) are an attractive choice for bone tissue engineering because their composition mimics that of bone. We previously reported the development of compression-molded collagen-HA scaffolds that exhibited high porosity, interconnected pores, and mechanical properties that were well-suited for surgical handling and fixation. The objective of this study was to investigate these novel collagen-HA scaffolds in combination with human adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs) as a template for bone formation in a subcutaneous athymic mouse model. Methods Collagen-HA scaffolds and collagen-only scaffolds were fabricated as previously described, and a clinically approved bone void filler was used as a control for the material. Constructs were seeded with hASCs and were pre-treated with either control or osteogenic media. A cell-free group was also included. Scaffolds were implanted subcutaneously in the backs of athymic nude mice for 8 weeks. Mineral deposition was quantified via micro-computed tomography. Histological and immunofluorescence images of the explants were used to analyze their vascular invasion, remodeling and cellularity. Results Cell-free collagen-HA scaffolds and those that were pre-seeded with osteogenically differentiated hASCs supported mineral deposition and vascular invasion at comparable rates, while cell-seeded constructs treated with the control medium showed lower mineralization after implantation. HA-reinforcement allowed collagen constructs to maintain their shape, provided improved cell-tissue-scaffold integration, and resulted in a more organized tissue when pre-treated in an osteogenic medium. Scaffold type and pre-treatment also determined osteoclast activity and therefore potential remodeling of the constructs. Conclusions The results of this study cumulatively indicate that treatment medium and scaffold composition direct mineralization and angiogenic tissue formation in an ectopic model. The data suggest that it may be necessary to match the scaffold with a particular cell type and cell-specific pre-treatment to achieve optimal bone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly E Weiss-Bilka
- 1Bioengineering Graduate Program, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA
| | - Matthew J Meagher
- 1Bioengineering Graduate Program, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA
| | - Joshua A Gargac
- 2School of Engineering, University of Mount Union, Alliance, OH 44601 USA
| | - Glen L Niebur
- 1Bioengineering Graduate Program, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA.,3Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA
| | - Ryan K Roeder
- 1Bioengineering Graduate Program, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA.,3Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA
| | - Diane R Wagner
- 4Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, 723 W. Michigan Ave SL260, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA
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Erem S, Atfi A, Razzaque MS. Anabolic effects of vitamin D and magnesium in aging bone. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2019; 193:105400. [PMID: 31175968 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2019.105400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Decreased bone mass and an increased risk of bone fractures become more common with age. This condition is often associated with osteoporosis and is caused by an imbalance of bone resorption and new bone formation. Lifestyle factors that affect the risk of osteoporosis include alcohol, diet, hormones, physical activity, and smoking. Calcium and vitamin D are particularly important for the age-related loss of bone density and skeletal muscle mass, but other minerals, such as magnesium, also have an important role. Here, we summarize how optimal magnesium and vitamin D balance improve health outcomes in the elderly, the role of magnesium and vitamin D on bone formation, and the implications of widespread deficiency of these factors in the United States and worldwide, particularly in the elderly population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Erem
- Department of Pathology, Saba University School of Medicine, Saba, Dutch Caribbean, Netherlands
| | - Azeddine Atfi
- Department of Pathology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Mohammed S Razzaque
- Department of Pathology, Saba University School of Medicine, Saba, Dutch Caribbean, Netherlands; College of Advancing & Professional Studies (CAPS), University of Massachusetts Boston (UMB), Boston, MA, USA; Department of Pathology, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Erie, PA, USA.
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Responses of primary osteoblasts and osteoclasts from hemizygous β-globin knockout thalassemic mice with elevated plasma glucose to 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D 3. Sci Rep 2019; 9:13963. [PMID: 31562377 PMCID: PMC6765013 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-50414-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
β-thalassemia is often associated with hyperglycemia, osteoporosis and increased fracture risk. However, the underlying mechanisms of the thalassemia-associated bone loss remain unclear. It might result from abnormal activities of osteoblasts and osteoclasts, and perhaps prolonged exposure to high extracellular glucose. Herein, we determined the rate of duodenal calcium transport in hemizygous β-globin knockout thalassemic (BKO) mice. Their bones were collected for primary osteoblast and osteoclast culture. We found that BKO mice had lower calcium absorption than their wild-type (WT) littermates. Osteoblasts from BKO mice showed aberrant expression of osteoblast-specific genes, e.g., Runx2, alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin, which could be partially restored by 1,25(OH)2D3 treatment. However, the mRNA expression levels of RANK, calcitonin receptor (Calcr), c-Fos, NFATc1, cathepsin K and DMT1 were similar in both BKO and WT groups. Exposure to high extracellular glucose modestly but significantly affected the expression of osteoclast-specific markers in WT osteoclasts with no significant effect on osteoblast-specific genes in WT osteoblasts. Thus, high glucose alone was unable to convert WT bone cells to BKO-like bone cells. In conclusion, the impaired calcium absorption and mutation-related aberrant bone cell function rather than exposure to high blood glucose were likely to be the principal causes of thalassemic bone loss.
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Delvin E, Alos N, Rauch F, Marcil V, Morel S, Boisvert M, Lecours MA, Laverdière C, Sinnett D, Krajinovic M, Dubois J, Drouin S, Lefebvre G, Samoilenko M, Nyalendo C, Cavalier E, Levy E. Vitamin D nutritional status and bone turnover markers in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia survivors: A PETALE study. Clin Nutr 2019; 38:912-919. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2018.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Revised: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 02/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Ke D, Banerjee D, Bose S. In Vitro Characterizations of Si 4+ and Zn 2+ Doped Plasma Sprayed Hydroxyapatite Coatings Using Osteoblast and Osteoclast Coculture. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 5:1302-1310. [PMID: 33405648 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.8b01553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is one of the most commonly identified bone disorders, which leads to an enhanced risk of bone fracture, especially for the older population. Hydroxyapatite (HA) coated titanium (Ti) alloys have been used widespread for load bearing applications like hip or knee replacements owing to their compositional similarity to natural bone; however, incorporation of osteoinductivity is still a challenge. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effects of SiO2 and ZnO as dopants in HA coated Ti alloys on cellular osteoporotic conditions mimicked by an in vitro osteoblast and osteoclast coculture model. HA, Si-HA, and Zn-HA coatings showed adhesive bond strengths of 25.7 ± 1.9 MPa, 23.8 ± 2.3 MPa, and 22.9 ± 3.5 MPa, respectively. To study the effects of doped HA coatings on the simulated osteoporotic cellular condition, human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) and monocytes (THP-1) were seeded simultaneously in a ratio of 1:4, respectively. Gene expressions studies were carried out with marker genes showing that the presence of the dopants in the HA coating enhanced osteoblast proliferation along with diminishing cell growth of osteoclasts. This study demonstrates the promising effects of SiO2 and ZnO in plasma sprayed HA coatings on alleviating osteoporosis cellular conditions, which can potentially be used for load-bearing implants in aging patients whose bone resorption is more dominant than bone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxu Ke
- W. M. Keck Biomedical Materials Research Laboratory School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering Washington State University, 980 E College Avenue, Pullman, Washington 99164-2920, United States
| | - Dishary Banerjee
- W. M. Keck Biomedical Materials Research Laboratory School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering Washington State University, 980 E College Avenue, Pullman, Washington 99164-2920, United States
| | - Susmita Bose
- W. M. Keck Biomedical Materials Research Laboratory School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering Washington State University, 980 E College Avenue, Pullman, Washington 99164-2920, United States
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Ke D, Tarafder S, Vahabzadeh S, Bose S. Effects of MgO, ZnO, SrO, and SiO 2 in tricalcium phosphate scaffolds on in vitro gene expression and in vivo osteogenesis. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 96:10-19. [PMID: 30606515 PMCID: PMC6484851 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.10.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
β‑tricalcium phosphate (β‑TCP) is a versatile bioceramic for its use in many orthopedic and dental applications due to its excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability. Recently, the addition of additives to β‑TCP has been proven to improve bone repair and regeneration, however, the underlying mechanism of enhanced bone regeneration is still unknown. In this study, strontium oxide (SrO), silica (SiO2), magnesia (MgO), and zinc oxide (ZnO) were added to β‑TCP for dense discs fabrication followed by in vitro evaluation using a preosteoblast cell line. Cell viability and gene expression were analyzed at day 3 and day 9 during the cell culture. MgO and SiO2 were found to significantly enhance and expedite osteoblastic differentiation. A potential mechanism was introduced to explain the additive induced osteoblastic differentiation. In addition, in vivo characterizations showed that porous 3D printed MgO-SiO2-TCP scaffolds significantly improved new bone formation after 16 weeks of implantation. This study shows beneficial effects of additives on osteoblastic viability and differentiation in vitro as well as osteogenesis in vivo, which is crucial towards the development of bone tissue engineering scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxu Ke
- W. M. Keck Biomedical Materials Research Laboratory, School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-2920, USA
| | - Solaiman Tarafder
- W. M. Keck Biomedical Materials Research Laboratory, School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-2920, USA
| | - Sahar Vahabzadeh
- W. M. Keck Biomedical Materials Research Laboratory, School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-2920, USA
| | - Susmita Bose
- W. M. Keck Biomedical Materials Research Laboratory, School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-2920, USA.
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37
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Bone Tissue Engineering Using Human Cells: A Comprehensive Review on Recent Trends, Current Prospects, and Recommendations. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/app9010174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The use of proper cells for bone tissue engineering remains a major challenge worldwide. Cells play a pivotal role in the repair and regeneration of the bone tissue in vitro and in vivo. Currently, a large number of differentiated (somatic) and undifferentiated (stem) cells have been used for bone reconstruction alone or in combination with different biomaterials and constructs (e.g., scaffolds). Although the results of the cell transplantation without any supporting or adjuvant material have been very effective with regard to bone healing. Recent advances in bone scaffolding are now becoming new players affecting the osteogenic potential of cells. In the present study, we have critically reviewed all the currently used cell sources for bone reconstruction and discussed the new horizons that are opening up in the context of cell-based bone tissue engineering strategies.
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Navet B, Vargas-Franco JW, Gama A, Amiaud J, Choi Y, Yagita H, Mueller CG, Rédini F, Heymann D, Castaneda B, Lézot F. Maternal RANKL Reduces the Osteopetrotic Phenotype of Null Mutant Mouse Pups. J Clin Med 2018; 7:jcm7110426. [PMID: 30413057 PMCID: PMC6262436 DOI: 10.3390/jcm7110426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
RANKL signalization is implicated in the morphogenesis of various organs, including the skeleton. Mice invalidated for Rankl present an osteopetrotic phenotype that was less severe than anticipated, depending on RANKL’s implication in morphogenesis. The hypothesis of an attenuated phenotype, as a result of compensation during gestation by RANKL of maternal origin, was thus brought into question. In order to answer this question, Rankl null mutant pups from null mutant parents were generated, and the phenotype analyzed. The results validated the presence of a more severe osteopetrotic phenotype in the second-generation null mutant with perinatal lethality. The experiments also confirmed that RANKL signalization plays a part in the morphogenesis of skeletal elements through its involvement in cell-to-cell communication, such as in control of osteoclast differentiation. To conclude, we have demonstrated that the phenotype associated with Rankl invalidation is attenuated through compensation by RANKL of maternal origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Navet
- INSERM, UMR 1238, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Nantes, F-44035 Nantes, France.
| | - Jorge William Vargas-Franco
- INSERM, UMR 1238, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Nantes, F-44035 Nantes, France.
- Department of Basic Studies, Faculty of Odontology, University of Antioquia, Medellin AA 1226, Colombia.
| | - Andrea Gama
- INSERM, UMR-1138, Equipe 5, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, F-75006 Paris, France.
| | - Jérome Amiaud
- INSERM, UMR 1238, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Nantes, F-44035 Nantes, France.
| | - Yongwon Choi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Hideo Yagita
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan.
| | - Christopher G Mueller
- CNRS, UPR-9021, Laboratoire Immunologie et Chimie Thérapeutiques, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IBMC), Université de Strasbourg, F-67084 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Françoise Rédini
- INSERM, UMR 1238, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Nantes, F-44035 Nantes, France.
| | - Dominique Heymann
- INSERM, LEA Sarcoma Research Unit, Department of Oncology and Human Metabolism, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK.
- INSERM, UMR 1232, LabCT, Université de Nantes, Université d'Angers, Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest, site René Gauducheau, F-44805 Saint-Herblain, France.
| | - Beatriz Castaneda
- INSERM, UMR-1138, Equipe 5, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, F-75006 Paris, France.
| | - Frédéric Lézot
- INSERM, UMR 1238, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Nantes, F-44035 Nantes, France.
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Cordycepin Accelerates Osteoblast Mineralization and Attenuates Osteoclast Differentiation In Vitro. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 2018:5892957. [PMID: 30410556 PMCID: PMC6206560 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5892957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Bone homeostasis destruction is triggered by the uncontrolled activity of osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Targeting both the regulation of bone formation and resorption is a promising strategy for treating bone disorders. Cordycepin is a major component of Chinese caterpillar fungus Cordyceps militaris. It exerts a variety of biological actions in various cells and animal models. However, its function on bone metabolism remains unclear. In the present study, we discovered a dual-action function of cordycepin in murine MC3T3-E1 and RAW264.7 cells. MC3T3-E1 cells were cultured in an osteogenic medium in the presence of 1 μM cordycepin for up two weeks. Cordycepin was used for effects of osteoblast and osteoclast differentiation. Cell viability was measured using the MTT assay. Osteoblast differentiation was confirmed by alizarin red staining, ALP activity, western blot, and real-time PCR. Osteoclast differentiation and autophagic activity were confirmed via TRAP staining, pit formation assay, confocal microscopy, western blot, and real-time PCR. Cordycepin promoted osteoblast differentiation, matrix mineralization, and induction of osteoblast markers via BMP2/Runx2/Osterix pathway. On the other hand, RAW264.7 cells were differentiated into osteoclast by RANKL treatment for 72 h. 1 μM cordycepin significantly inhibited RANKL-induced osteoclast formation and resorption activity through disturbing the actin ring-formatted sealing zone and activating cathepsin K and MMP9. These findings indicate that cordycepin might be an innovative dual-action therapeutic agent for bone disease caused by an imbalance of osteoblasts and osteoclasts.
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40
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Kang H, Jha S, Deng Z, Fratzl-Zelman N, Cabral WA, Ivovic A, Meylan F, Hanson EP, Lange E, Katz J, Roschger P, Klaushofer K, Cowen EW, Siegel RM, Marini JC, Bhattacharyya T. Somatic activating mutations in MAP2K1 cause melorheostosis. Nat Commun 2018; 9:1390. [PMID: 29643386 PMCID: PMC5895796 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-03720-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Melorheostosis is a sporadic disease of uncertain etiology characterized by asymmetric bone overgrowth and functional impairment. Using whole exome sequencing, we identify somatic mosaic MAP2K1 mutations in affected, but not unaffected, bone of eight unrelated patients with melorheostosis. The activating mutations (Q56P, K57E and K57N) cluster tightly in the MEK1 negative regulatory domain. Affected bone displays a mosaic pattern of increased p-ERK1/2 in osteoblast immunohistochemistry. Osteoblasts cultured from affected bone comprise two populations with distinct p-ERK1/2 levels by flow cytometry, enhanced ERK1/2 activation, and increased cell proliferation. However, these MAP2K1 mutations inhibit BMP2-mediated osteoblast mineralization and differentiation in vitro, underlying the markedly increased osteoid detected in affected bone histology. Mosaicism is also detected in the skin overlying bone lesions in four of five patients tested. Our data show that the MAP2K1 oncogene is important in human bone formation and implicate MEK1 inhibition as a potential treatment avenue for melorheostosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heeseog Kang
- Section on Heritable Disorders of Bone and Extracellular Matrix, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Smita Jha
- Clinical and Investigative Orthopedics Surgery Unit, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- Program in Reproductive and Adult Endocrinology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Zuoming Deng
- Biodata Mining and Discovery Section, Office of Science and Technology, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Nadja Fratzl-Zelman
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Osteology at the Hanusch Hospital of WGKK and AUVA Trauma Center Meidling, 1st Medical Department Hanusch Hospital, UKH Meidling, Kundratstr. 37, Vienna, 1120, Austria
| | - Wayne A Cabral
- Section on Heritable Disorders of Bone and Extracellular Matrix, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- Molecular Genetics Section, Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Aleksandra Ivovic
- Immunoregulation Section, Autoimmunity Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Françoise Meylan
- Immunoregulation Section, Autoimmunity Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Eric P Hanson
- Immunodeficiency and Inflammation Unit, Autoimmunity Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, 20892, USA
| | - Eileen Lange
- Office of the Clinical Director, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - James Katz
- Office of the Clinical Director, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Paul Roschger
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Osteology at the Hanusch Hospital of WGKK and AUVA Trauma Center Meidling, 1st Medical Department Hanusch Hospital, UKH Meidling, Kundratstr. 37, Vienna, 1120, Austria
| | - Klaus Klaushofer
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Osteology at the Hanusch Hospital of WGKK and AUVA Trauma Center Meidling, 1st Medical Department Hanusch Hospital, UKH Meidling, Kundratstr. 37, Vienna, 1120, Austria
| | - Edward W Cowen
- Dermatology Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Richard M Siegel
- Immunoregulation Section, Autoimmunity Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Joan C Marini
- Section on Heritable Disorders of Bone and Extracellular Matrix, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Timothy Bhattacharyya
- Clinical and Investigative Orthopedics Surgery Unit, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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41
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Maria S, Samsonraj RM, Munmun F, Glas J, Silvestros M, Kotlarczyk MP, Rylands R, Dudakovic A, van Wijnen AJ, Enderby LT, Lassila H, Dodda B, Davis VL, Balk J, Burow M, Bunnell BA, Witt-Enderby PA. Biological effects of melatonin on osteoblast/osteoclast cocultures, bone, and quality of life: Implications of a role for MT2 melatonin receptors, MEK1/2, and MEK5 in melatonin-mediated osteoblastogenesis. J Pineal Res 2018; 64:10.1111/jpi.12465. [PMID: 29285799 PMCID: PMC6711668 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The Melatonin Osteoporosis Prevention Study (MOPS) demonstrated that nightly melatonin resulted in a time-dependent decrease in equilibrium ratios of serum osteoclasts and osteoblasts in perimenopausal women. This study examines mechanisms related to the ratios of osteoblasts and osteoclasts using coculture models (transwell or layered) of human mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) and human peripheral blood monocytes (PBMCs). Human MSC/PBMC cocultures exposed to melatonin in osteogenic (OS+) medium for 21 days induced osteoblast differentiation and mineralization; however, only in layered cocultures did melatonin inhibit osteoclastogenesis. Melatonin effects were mediated through MT2 melatonin receptors, MEK1/2, and MEK5. In layered but not transwell cocultures, melatonin increased OPG:RANKL ratios by inhibiting RANKL, suggesting that contact with osteoclasts during osteoblastogenesis inhibits RANKL secretion. Melatonin modulated expression of ERK1/2, ERK5, β1 integrin, GLUT4, and IRβ that was dependent upon the type of coculture; however, in both cultures, melatonin increased RUNX2 and decreased PPARγ expression, indicating a role for metabolic processes that control osteogenic vs adipogenic cell fates of MSCs. Furthermore, melatonin also has osteoblast-inducing effects on human adipose-derived MSCs. In vivo, one-year nightly melatonin (15 mg/L) given to neu female mice in their drinking water increased pErk1/2, pErk5, Runx2, and Opg and Rankl levels in bone consistent with melatonin's already reported bone-enhancing effects. Finally, analysis of daily logs from the MOPS demonstrated a significant improvement in mood and perhaps sleep quality in women receiving melatonin vs placebo. The osteoblast-inducing, bone-enhancing effects of melatonin and improvement in quality of life suggest that melatonin is a safe and effective bone loss therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sifat Maria
- Division of Pharmaceutical, Administrative and Social Sciences, Duquesne University School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Fahima Munmun
- Division of Pharmaceutical, Administrative and Social Sciences, Duquesne University School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jessica Glas
- Division of Pharmaceutical, Administrative and Social Sciences, Duquesne University School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Maria Silvestros
- Division of Pharmaceutical, Administrative and Social Sciences, Duquesne University School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Mary P. Kotlarczyk
- Division of Pharmaceutical, Administrative and Social Sciences, Duquesne University School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ryan Rylands
- Division of Pharmaceutical, Administrative and Social Sciences, Duquesne University School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Amel Dudakovic
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | | | - Holly Lassila
- Division of Clinical Sciences, Duquesne University School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Bala Dodda
- Division of Pharmaceutical, Administrative and Social Sciences, Duquesne University School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Vicki L. Davis
- Division of Pharmaceutical, Administrative and Social Sciences, Duquesne University School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Judy Balk
- West Penn/Allegheny Health System, Drexel University and Temple University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Matt Burow
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Bruce A. Bunnell
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Paula A. Witt-Enderby
- Division of Pharmaceutical, Administrative and Social Sciences, Duquesne University School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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42
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Zhang J, Yun S, Bi J, Dai S, Du Y, Zannettino ACW, Zhang H. Enhanced multi-lineage differentiation of human mesenchymal stem/stromal cells within poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-acrylic acid) microgel-formed three-dimensional constructs. J Mater Chem B 2018; 6:1799-1814. [PMID: 32254252 DOI: 10.1039/c8tb00376a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Human mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (hMSCs) are a potential cell source of stem cell therapy for many serious diseases and hMSC spheroids have emerged to replace single cell suspensions for cell therapy. Three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds or hydrogels which can mimic properties of the extracellular matrix (ECM) have been widely explored for their application in tissue regeneration. However, there are considerably less studies on inducing differentiation of hMSC spheroids using 3D scaffolds or hydrogels. This study is the first to explore multi-lineage differentiation of a stem cell line and primary stem cells within poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (p(NIPAAm))-based thermosensitive microgel-formed constructs. We first demonstrated that poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-acrylic acid) (p(NIPAAm-AA)) was not toxic to hMSCs and the microgel-formed constructs facilitated formation of uniform stem cell spheroids. Due to functional enhancement of cell spheroids, hMSCs within the 3D microgel-formed constructs were induced for multi-lineage differentiation as evidenced by significant up-regulation of messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of chondrogenic and osteogenic genes even in the absence of induction media on day 9. When induction media were in situ supplied on day 9, mRNA expression of chondrogenic, osteogenic and adipogenic genes within the microgel-formed constructs were significantly higher than that in the pellet and 2D cultures, respectively, on day 37. In addition, histological and immunofluorescent images also confirmed successful multi-lineage differentiation of hMSCs within the 3D microgel-formed constructs. Hence, the thermosensitive p(NIPAAm-AA) microgel can be potentially used in an in vitro model for cell differentiation or in vivo transplantation of pre-differentiated human mesenchymal stromal cells into patients for specific lineage differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiabin Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
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Qin J, Yang D, Maher S, Lima-Marques L, Zhou Y, Chen Y, Atkins GJ, Losic D. Micro- and nano-structured 3D printed titanium implants with a hydroxyapatite coating for improved osseointegration. J Mater Chem B 2018; 6:3136-3144. [DOI: 10.1039/c7tb03251j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
3D printing technology combined with electrochemical nano-structuring and HA modification is a promising approach for the fabrication of Ti implants with improved osseointegration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Qin
- School of Chemical Engineering
- The University of Adelaide
- Australia
- Departments of Dental Implantology
- School and Hospital of Stomatology
| | - Dongqing Yang
- Centre for Orthopaedic and Trauma Research
- Adelaide Medical School
- Discipline of Orthopaedics and Trauma
- The University of Adelaide
- Australia
| | - Shaheer Maher
- School of Chemical Engineering
- The University of Adelaide
- Australia
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- Assiut University
| | - Luis Lima-Marques
- The Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing
- The University of Adelaide
- Australia
| | - Yanmin Zhou
- Departments of Dental Implantology
- School and Hospital of Stomatology
- Jilin University
- China
| | - Yujie Chen
- School of Mechanical Engineering
- The University of Adelaide
- Australia
| | - Gerald J. Atkins
- Centre for Orthopaedic and Trauma Research
- Adelaide Medical School
- Discipline of Orthopaedics and Trauma
- The University of Adelaide
- Australia
| | - Dusan Losic
- School of Chemical Engineering
- The University of Adelaide
- Australia
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Bi H, Chen X, Gao S, Yu X, Xiao J, Zhang B, Liu X, Dai M. Key Triggers of Osteoclast-Related Diseases and Available Strategies for Targeted Therapies: A Review. Front Med (Lausanne) 2017; 4:234. [PMID: 29326938 PMCID: PMC5742334 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2017.00234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoclasts, the only cells with bone resorption functions in vivo, maintain the balance of bone metabolism by cooperating with osteoblasts, which are responsible for bone formation. Excessive activity of osteoclasts causes many diseases such as osteoporosis, periprosthetic osteolysis, bone tumors, and Paget's disease. In contrast, osteopetrosis results from osteoclast deficiency. Available strategies for combating over-activated osteoclasts and the subsequently induced diseases can be categorized into three approaches: facilitating osteoclast apoptosis, inhibiting osteoclastogenesis, and impairing bone resorption. Bisphosphonates are representative molecules that function by triggering osteoclast apoptosis. New drugs, such as tumor necrosis factor and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) inhibitors (e.g., denosumab) have been developed for targeting the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B /RANKL/osteoprotegerin system or CSF-1/CSF-1R axis, which play critical roles in osteoclast formation. Furthermore, vacuolar (H+)-ATPase inhibitors, cathepsin K inhibitors, and glucagon-like peptide 2 impair different stages of the bone resorption process. Recently, significant achievements have been made in this field. The aim of this review is to provide an updated summary of the current progress in research involving osteoclast-related diseases and of the development of targeted inhibitors of osteoclast formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haidi Bi
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Artificial Joints Engineering and Technology Research Center of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
| | - Xing Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, The People's Hospital of Changxing County, Huzhou, China
| | - Song Gao
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Artificial Joints Engineering and Technology Research Center of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiaolong Yu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Artificial Joints Engineering and Technology Research Center of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
| | - Jun Xiao
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Artificial Joints Engineering and Technology Research Center of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Artificial Joints Engineering and Technology Research Center of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
| | - Xuqiang Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Artificial Joints Engineering and Technology Research Center of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
| | - Min Dai
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Artificial Joints Engineering and Technology Research Center of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
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45
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Geng T, Sun S, Chen X, Wang B, Guo H, Zhang S, Jin Q. Strontium ranelate reduces the progression of titanium particle-induced osteolysis by increasing the ratio of osteoprotegerin to receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand in vivo. Mol Med Rep 2017; 17:3829-3836. [PMID: 29257329 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.8292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the effects of strontium ranelate (SR), an anti‑osteoporotic drug, on osteolysis in an experimental mouse model of aseptic loosening. A total of 45 female C57BL/6J mice each received implantation of one titanium alloy pin into the tibia, followed by intraarticular injection of titanium particles. One week following surgery, mice were randomly divided into three groups: Control group (no additional treatment), SR625 group (treated with SR at a dose of 625 mg/kg/day), and SR1800 group (treated with SR at a dose of 1,800 mg/kg/day). SR was administered via oral gavage once every day for 12 weeks. Micro‑computed tomography scanning and hematoxylin/eosin staining were used to assess osteolysis around the prosthesis. Immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis were used to measure the expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor‑κB ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG). Compared with the control, the SR625 and SR1800 groups exhibited a significantly increased pulling force of the titanium alloy pin. Bone volume and the bone surface/volume ratio in the periprosthetic tissue were significantly increased in the SR‑treated groups. Significant differences were observed between the SR1800 group and control group with respect to trabecular thickness and trabecular number. Mechanistically, SR downregulated the expression of RANKL and upregulated the expression of OPG in the periprosthetic tissue. In addition, SR was observed to inhibit wear particle‑associated osteolysis in a dose‑dependent manner. In conclusion, the present data illustrated that SR inhibited titanium particle‑induced osteolysis in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianxiang Geng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| | - Shouxuan Sun
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| | - Bolun Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| | - Haohui Guo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| | - Qunhua Jin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
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Reverse engineering of triple-negative breast cancer cells for targeted treatment. Maturitas 2017; 108:24-30. [PMID: 29290211 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2017.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Revised: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Targeting the human epidermal growth factor receptor HER2 has increased survival in HER2-positive breast cancer patients. In the contrast, for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients, no targeted agents are available. We hypothesized that artificial overexpression of HER2 in TNBC cells might induce sensitivity to anti-HER2 agents in these cells. METHODS TNBC cell lines were transduced using lentiviral HER2 overexpression particles. Functionality of HER2 was determined by protein analysis and localization studies. The tumorigenic potential of HER2 overexpressing cells was assessed by analysis of proliferation, migration and invasion capacity. Response to chemotherapeutic agents and anti-HER2 agents was determined by cell viability assays. RESULTS We demonstrated functional overexpression of HER2 in TNBC cell lines of different subtypes. Whereas in cell types with more pronounced epithelial features (e.g. MDA-MB-468) HER2 overexpression increases proliferation and migration, in mesenchymal cell lines (MDA-MB-231 and BT-549) HER2 was able to further increase invasive potential. No changes were found in cancer stem cell characteristics or in response to chemotherapy, a trait of TNBC. When treated with anti-HER2 agents, however, HER2 overexpressing TNBC cells showed increased sensitivity to these agents. CONCLUSION This proof-of-principle study demonstrates that reverse engineering of TNBC cells might offer a novel targeted treatment strategy for this most aggressive subtype of breast cancer.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW In addition to the actions of the endocrine hormone, 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)2D) in stimulating intestinal calcium absorption, the regulation of bone mineral metabolism by 1,25(OH)2D is also considered an important contributor to calcium homeostasis. However, recent evidence suggest that 1,25(OH)2D acting either via endocrine or autocrine pathways plays varied roles in bone, which suggests that vitamin D contributes to the maintenance of bone mineral in addition to its catabolic roles. This review highlights the contrasting evidence for the direct action for vitamin D metabolism and activity in bone. RECENT FINDINGS Numerous cells within bone express vitamin D receptor (VDR), synthesise and catabolise 1,25(OH)2D via 25-hydroxyvitamin D 1alpha-hydroxylase (CYP27B1), and 25-hydroxyvitamin D 24-hydroxylase (CYP24A1) enzymes, respectively. Recent evidence suggests that all three genes are required to regulate processes of bone resorption, mineralization and fracture repair. The actions of vitamin D in bone appear to negatively or positively regulate bone mineral depending on the physiological and pathological circumstances, suggesting that vitamin D plays pleiotropic roles in bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul H Anderson
- Musculoskeletal Biology Research, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia.
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Yao Z, Lei W, Duan R, Li Y, Luo L, Boyce BF. RANKL cytokine enhances TNF-induced osteoclastogenesis independently of TNF receptor associated factor (TRAF) 6 by degrading TRAF3 in osteoclast precursors. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:10169-10179. [PMID: 28438834 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.771816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Revised: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytokines, including receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL) and TNF, induce increased osteoclast (OC) formation and bone loss in postmenopausal osteoporosis and inflammatory arthritides. RANKL and TNF can independently induce OC formation in vitro from WT OC precursors via TNF receptor-associated factor (TRAF) adaptor proteins, which bind to their receptors. Of these, only TRAF6 is required for RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis in vitro However, the molecular mechanisms involved remain incompletely understood. Here we report that RANKL induced the formation of bone-resorbing OCs from TRAF6-/- OC precursors when cultured on bone slices but not on plastic. The mechanisms involved increased TNF production by TRAF6-/- OC precursors resulting from their interaction with bone matrix and release of active TGFβ from the resorbed bone, coupled with RANKL-induced autophagolysosomal degradation of TRAF3, a known inhibitor of OC formation. Consistent with these findings, RANKL enhanced TNF-induced OC formation from TRAF6-/- OC precursors. Moreover, TNF induced significantly more OCs from mice with TRAF3 conditionally deleted in myeloid lineage cells, and it did not inhibit RANKL-induced OC formation from these cells. TRAF6-/- OC precursors that overexpressed TRAF3 or were treated with the autophagolysosome inhibitor chloroquine formed significantly fewer OCs in response to TNF alone or in combination with RANKL. We conclude that RANKL can enhance TNF-induced OC formation independently of TRAF6 by degrading TRAF3. These findings suggest that preventing TRAF3 degradation with drugs like chloroquine could reduce excessive OC formation in diseases in which bone resorption is increased in response to elevated production of these cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenqiang Yao
- From the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and .,the Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York 14642 and
| | - Wei Lei
- From the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and.,the Department of Medical Imaging, Henan University First Affiliated Hospital, 357 Ximen Street, Kaifeng, Henan 475001, China
| | - Rong Duan
- From the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and
| | - Yanyun Li
- From the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and
| | - Lu Luo
- From the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and
| | - Brendan F Boyce
- From the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and .,the Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York 14642 and
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Psoralen Inhibited Apoptosis of Osteoporotic Osteoblasts by Modulating IRE1-ASK1-JNK Pathway. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:3524307. [PMID: 28349059 PMCID: PMC5352870 DOI: 10.1155/2017/3524307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Revised: 01/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a common disease causing fracture in older populations. Abnormal apoptosis of osteoblasts contributes to the genesis of osteoporosis. Inhibiting apoptosis of osteoblasts provides a promising strategy to prevent osteoporosis. The proliferation of osteoblasts isolated from osteoporotic patients or healthy subjects was determined by MTT assay. Apoptosis was determined by Annexin V/PI assay. Protein expression was measured by western blot. The proliferation of osteoblasts isolated from osteoporotic patients was inhibited and the apoptosis level of these cells was higher than the osteoblasts from healthy subjects. Incubation with psoralen or estradiol significantly enhanced the proliferation and decreased the apoptosis level of osteoporotic osteoblasts. Western blot demonstrated that psoralen or estradiol treatment downregulated the expression of IRE1, p-ASK, p-JNK, and Bax. Meanwhile, expression of Bcl-2 was upregulated. Pretreatment by IRE1 agonist tunicamycin or JNK agonist anisomycin attenuated the effect of psoralen on osteoporotic osteoblasts. Psoralen inhibited apoptosis of osteoporotic osteoblasts by regulating IRE1-ASK1-JNK pathway.
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50
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Maria S, Swanson MH, Enderby LT, D'Amico F, Enderby B, Samsonraj RM, Dudakovic A, van Wijnen AJ, Witt-Enderby PA. Melatonin-micronutrients Osteopenia Treatment Study (MOTS): a translational study assessing melatonin, strontium (citrate), vitamin D3 and vitamin K2 (MK7) on bone density, bone marker turnover and health related quality of life in postmenopausal osteopenic women following a one-year double-blind RCT and on osteoblast-osteoclast co-cultures. Aging (Albany NY) 2017; 9:256-285. [PMID: 28130552 PMCID: PMC5310667 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This one-year double blind randomized control trial assessed the effects of nightly melatonin, strontium (citrate), vitamin D3 and vitamin K2 (MK7; MSDK) on bone mineral density (BMD) and quality of life (QOL) in postmenopausal osteopenic women (ages 49-75). Compared to placebo, MSDK treatment increased BMD in lumbar spine (4.3%) and left femoral neck (2.2%), with an upward trend for total left hip (p=0.069). MSDK increased serum P1NP levels and reduced bone turnover (CTx:P1NP). Psychometric analyses indicated that mood and sleep quality improved for the MSDK group. MSDK-exposed human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) and human peripheral blood monocytes (hPBMCs) plated in transwells or layered demonstrated increases in osteoblastogenesis, decreases in osteoclastogenesis, increases in OPG (TNFRSF11B) and decreases in RANKL (TNFSF11) levels. In transwell osteoblasts, MSDK increased pERK1/2 (MAPK1/MAPK3) and RUNX2 levels; decreased ERK5 (MAPK7); and did not affect the expression of NFκB (NFKB1) and β1integrin (ITGB1). In layered osteoblasts, MSDK also decreased expression of the metabolic proteins PPARγ (PPARG) and GLUT4 (SLC2A4). In adipose-derived human MSCs, MSDK induced osteoblastogenesis. These findings provide both clinical and mechanistic support for the use of MSDK for the prevention or treatment of osteopenia, osteoporosis or other bone-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sifat Maria
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Duquesne University School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA 15282, USA
| | - Mark H. Swanson
- Functional Medicine, Heart Preventics, LLC, Sequim, WA 98382, USA
| | - Larry T. Enderby
- Enderby Healthcare/Legal Consulting, LLC, Pittsburgh, PA 15102, USA
| | - Frank D'Amico
- Department of Mathematics, Duquesne University School of Liberal Arts, Pittsburgh, PA 15282, USA
| | - Brianna Enderby
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Duquesne University School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA 15282, USA
| | | | - Amel Dudakovic
- Mayo Clinic, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | | | - Paula A. Witt-Enderby
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Duquesne University School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA 15282, USA
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