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Xin L, Zhao H, Peng M, Zhu Y. Roles of Two-Dimensional Materials in Antibiofilm Applications: Recent Developments and Prospects. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:950. [PMID: 39065800 PMCID: PMC11279904 DOI: 10.3390/ph17070950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Biofilm-associated infections pose a significant challenge in healthcare, constituting 80% of bacterial infections and often leading to persistent, chronic conditions. Conventional antibiotics struggle with efficacy against these infections due to the high tolerance and resistance induced by bacterial biofilm barriers. Two-dimensional nanomaterials, such as those from the graphene family, boron nitride, molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), MXene, and black phosphorus, hold immense potential for combating biofilms. These nanomaterial-based antimicrobial strategies are novel tools that show promise in overcoming resistant bacteria and stubborn biofilms, with the ability to circumvent existing drug resistance mechanisms. This review comprehensively summarizes recent developments in two-dimensional nanomaterials, as both therapeutics and nanocarriers for precision antibiotic delivery, with a specific focus on nanoplatforms coupled with photothermal/photodynamic therapy in the elimination of bacteria and penetrating and/or ablating biofilm. This review offers important insight into recent advances and current limitations of current antibacterial nanotherapeutic approaches, together with a discussion on future developments in the field, for the overall benefit of public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Xin
- Department of Ultraasound, Naval Medical Center, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200052, China
| | - Hongkun Zhao
- Outpatient Department, Naval Medical Center, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200052, China
| | - Min Peng
- Department of Ultraasound, Naval Medical Center, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200052, China
| | - Yuanjie Zhu
- Department of Dermatology, Naval Medical Center, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200052, China
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Tyagi D, Laxmi V, Basu N, Reddy L, Tian Y, Ouyang Z, Nayak PK. Recent advances in two-dimensional perovskite materials for light-emitting diodes. DISCOVER NANO 2024; 19:109. [PMID: 38954158 PMCID: PMC11219672 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-024-04044-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are an indispensable part of our daily life. After being studied for a few decades, this field still has some room for improvement. In this regard, perovskite materials may take the leading role. In recent years, LEDs have become a most explored topic, owing to their various applications in photodetectors, solar cells, lasers, and so on. Noticeably, they exhibit significant characteristics in developing LEDs. The luminous efficiency of LEDs can be significantly enhanced by the combination of a poor illumination LED with low-dimensional perovskite. In 2014, the first perovskite-based LED was illuminated at room temperature. Furthermore, two-dimensional (2D) perovskites have enriched this field because of their optical and electronic properties and comparatively high stability in ambient conditions. Recent and relevant advancements in LEDs using low-dimensional perovskites including zero-dimensional to three-dimensional materials is reported. The major focus of this article is based on the 2D perovskites and their heterostructures (i.e., a combination of 2D perovskites with transition metal dichalcogenides, graphene, and hexagonal boron nitride). In comparison to 2D perovskites, heterostructures exhibit more potential for application in LEDs. State-of-the-art perovskite-based LEDs, current challenges, and prospects are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepika Tyagi
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Electronic Science and Technology of Shenzhen University, THz Technical Research Center of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Vijay Laxmi
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Electronic Science and Technology of Shenzhen University, THz Technical Research Center of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, 600036, India
- College of Mechatronics and Control Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Nilanjan Basu
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, 600036, India
| | - Leelakrishna Reddy
- Department of Physics, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, 2006, South Africa
| | - Yibin Tian
- College of Mechatronics and Control Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Zhengbiao Ouyang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Electronic Science and Technology of Shenzhen University, THz Technical Research Center of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China.
| | - Pramoda K Nayak
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, 600036, India.
- 2D Materials Research and Innovation Group, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, 600036, India.
- Centre for Nano and Material Sciences, Jain (Deemed-to-be University), Jain Global Campus, Kanakapura, , Bangalore, Karnataka, 562112, India.
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Xiao P, Chen Y, Chen F, Liu W, Han J, Qiao L, Li J, Zhao L, Song T, Wang Z, Xiao W. Epitaxy of Antimonene Thin Films with Screw Dislocations for the Application of Saturable Absorbers. J Phys Chem Lett 2024; 15:6415-6423. [PMID: 38864743 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.4c01373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
The exotic optoelectronic properties of antimonene, including strain-induced tunable bandgaps, broad nonlinear refractive response, etc., have evoked profound upsurges for decades. As the screw dislocations break the crystal symmetry and modify interlayer coupling, it is highly desirable to investigate the optical prospects of antimonene with screw dislocations. Herein, controllable epitaxy of spiral β-antimonene is achieved on Fe3GaTe2 substrates. By fine-tuning growth temperatures, the evolutions of spiral β-antimonene with non-centrosymmetric stacking are investigated via scanning tunneling microscopy. The effects of interfacial strain and dislocation motion during screw-dislocation-driven growth are also studied. Additionally, a modulation depth of 40.8% and mode locking at 1558 nm with a pulse width of 290 fs are observed in Er-doped pulsed fiber lasers generated with spiral Sb-based saturable absorbers, revealing superior performance that far outstrips reported Sb-based saturable absorbers to date. Our work sheds light on the preparation of Sb films with screw dislocations and demonstrates a promising approach toward fabricating ultrafast optical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyao Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurement, Ministry of Education, School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Ultrafine Optoelectronic Systems, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Yueqian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications, School of Science, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, People's Republic of China
| | - Fuhong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurement, Ministry of Education, School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Ultrafine Optoelectronic Systems, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications, School of Science, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, People's Republic of China
| | - Junfeng Han
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurement, Ministry of Education, School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Ultrafine Optoelectronic Systems, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurement, Ministry of Education, School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Ultrafine Optoelectronic Systems, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Ji Li
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurement, Ministry of Education, School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Ultrafine Optoelectronic Systems, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Liyuan Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Tinglu Song
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiwei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurement, Ministry of Education, School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Ultrafine Optoelectronic Systems, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Wende Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurement, Ministry of Education, School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Ultrafine Optoelectronic Systems, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
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Han Y, Fan W, Zhao X, Wang L, He Y, Tang Y, Zhang H, Wang G, Zhang W, Bai C, Lu C, Fu S. Germanene saturable absorber for mode-locked operation in an all-fiber laser with multiple dispersion environments. APPLIED OPTICS 2024; 63:865-873. [PMID: 38294403 DOI: 10.1364/ao.513713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
In this paper, a high-quality germanene-polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) saturable absorber (SA) with a modulation depth of 3.05% and a saturation intensity of 17.95M W/c m 2 was prepared. Stable conventional mode-locking and harmonic mode-locking (HML) were achieved in germanene-based Er-doped fiber lasers (EDFL) using dispersion management techniques. In a cavity with a net dispersion value of -0.22p s 2, the conventional soliton had a center wavelength of 1558.2 nm, a repetition frequency of 19.09 MHz, and a maximum 3 dB spectrum bandwidth of 3.5 nm. The highest repetition frequencies achieved in cavities with net dispersion values of -2.81p s 2, -1.73p s 2, and -1.09p s 2 were 9.48 MHz, 12.75 MHz, and 12.10 MHz for HML, respectively. Furthermore, the effects of dispersion, power, and the polarization state on HML were systematically investigated. Our research results fully demonstrate the capability of germanene as an optical modulator in generating conventional mode-locked and harmonic mode-locked solitons. This provides meaningful references for promoting its application in ultrafast fiber lasers.
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Lv C, Meng F, Yan Q, Zhang T, Tian Y, Jia Z, Dong W, Qin W, Qin G. Bidirectional mode-locked erbium-doped fiber laser based on an all-fiber gold nanofilm saturable absorber. OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 32:1851-1863. [PMID: 38297728 DOI: 10.1364/oe.514835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
We demonstrate a bidirectional mode-locked erbium-doped fiber laser by incorporating gold nanofilm as a saturable absorber (SA). The gold nanofilm SA has the advantages of high stability and high optical damage threshold. Besides, the SA exhibits a large modulation depth of 26% and a low saturation intensity of 1.22 MW/cm2 at 1.56 μm wavelength band, facilitating the mode-locking of bidirectional propagating solitons within a single laser cavity. Bidirectional mode-locked solitons are achieved, with the clockwise pulse centered at 1568.35 nm and the counter-clockwise one at 1568.6 nm, resulting in a slight repetition rate difference of 19 Hz. Moreover, numerical simulations are performed to reveal the counter-propagating dynamics of the two solitons, showing good agreement with the experimental results. The asymmetric cavity configuration gives rise to distinct buildup and evolution dynamics of the two counter-propagating pulses. These findings highlight the advantage of the gold nanofilm SA in constructing bidirectional mode-locked fiber lasers and provide insights for understanding the bidirectional pulse propagation dynamics.
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Zhang C, Zhang C, Li Y, Shi Y, Chao J, Zhao Y, Yang H, Fu B. Wavelength-tunable broadband lasers based on nanomaterials. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 34:492001. [PMID: 37666227 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/acf66d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Nanomaterials are widely used in the fields of sensors, optoelectronics, biophotonics and ultrafast photonics due to their excellent mechanical, thermal, optical, electrical and magnetic properties. Particularly, owing to their nonlinear optical properties, fast response time and broadband operation, nanomaterials are ideal saturable absorption materials in ultrafast photonics, which contribute to the improvement of laser performance. Therefore, nanomaterials are of great importance to applications in wavelength-tunable broadband pulsed lasers. Herein, we review the integration and applications of nanomaterials in wavelength-tunable broadband ultrafast photonics. Firstly, the two integration methods, which are direct coupling and evanescent field coupling, and their characteristics are introduced. Secondly, the applications of nanomaterials in wavelength-tunable broadband lasers are summarized. Finally, the development of nanomaterials and broadband tunable lasers is reviewed and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxi Zhang
- School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Congyu Zhang
- School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiwei Li
- School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaran Shi
- School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiale Chao
- School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Yifan Zhao
- School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - He Yang
- School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Fu
- School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Big Data-Based Precision Medicine Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
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Wang K, Liu Q, Wang Z, Song Y, Huang H, Fan N, Wang Y, Zhang B. TiN/Ti 3C 2 heterojunction-based photonic device for optical Kerr switch. RSC Adv 2023; 13:24649-24655. [PMID: 37601593 PMCID: PMC10433717 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra04429g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
As one of the new nanomaterials, TiN/Ti3C2 shows excellent optoelectronic characteristics, thus it has been widely used in many applications, such as biomedicine, optical sensors, image processing, and optical switching. With the advancement of communication capabilities and communication networks, optical fiber communication has put a higher demand on signal processing. In order to overcome the limitations of the electronic transfer rate bottleneck, the concept of all-optical signal processing has been proposed. Utilizing the excellent optical nonlinear effect of the TiN/Ti3C2 heterojunction-coated microfiber (THM), a novel THM-based optical Kerr switch has been proposed. Injecting a strong control light and a signal light into the device simultaneously, and controlling the state of turn on or off of the control light, can adjust the intensity of the signal light. Based on this, the amplitude modulation of the signal light can be achieved. With a control light power of 200 mW, the maximum extinction ratio of the signal light reaches 27 dB. We believe that this type of compact device can demonstrate great potential for integration with current high-speed fiber communication networks, providing a possible method for all-optical signal processing through nonlinear effects, and has broad prospects in the field of all-optical signal processing, robots, and high-speed communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Wang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital (Shenzhen Second People's Hospital), Health Science Center, College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University 518060 China
| | - Qidong Liu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital (Shenzhen Second People's Hospital), Health Science Center, College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University 518060 China
| | - Zhenhong Wang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital (Shenzhen Second People's Hospital), Health Science Center, College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University 518060 China
| | - Yufeng Song
- Institute of Translational Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital (Shenzhen Second People's Hospital), Health Science Center, College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University 518060 China
| | - Haiming Huang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital (Shenzhen Second People's Hospital), Health Science Center, College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University 518060 China
| | - Ni Fan
- Shenzhen Han's Robot Co., Ltd. 518100 China
| | - Yujie Wang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital (Shenzhen Second People's Hospital), Health Science Center, College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University 518060 China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital (Shenzhen Second People's Hospital), Health Science Center, College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University 518060 China
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8
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Ouyang Y, Zhang J, Sun W, Li M, Chen T, Zhang H, Tang W, Xia W. Picosecond dissipative soliton generation from an ytterbium-doped fiber laser based on a BP/SnSe 2-PVA mixture saturable absorber. FRONTIERS OF OPTOELECTRONICS 2023; 16:19. [PMID: 37466763 DOI: 10.1007/s12200-023-00074-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Stable picosecond dissipative soliton pulses were observed in an ytterbium-doped fiber laser employing a high-quality mixture of BP/SnSe2-PVA saturable absorber (SA). The modulation depth, saturation intensity, and non-saturable loss of the mixture of BP/SnSe2-PVA SA were measured with values of 5.98%, 18.37 MW/cm2, and 33%, respectively. Within the pump power range of 150-270 mW, stable dissipative soliton pulses were obtained with an output power of 1.68-4 mW. When the minimum pulse duration is 1.28 ps, a repetition rate of 0.903 MHz, center wavelength of 1064.38 nm and 3 dB bandwidth of 2 nm were obtained. The maximum pulse energy of 4.43 nJ and the signal-to-noise ratio up to 72 dB were achieved at pump power of 270 mW. The results suggest that the BP/SnSe2-PVA mixture SA has outstanding nonlinear saturable absorption characteristics and broad ultrafast laser applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Ouyang
- School of Physics and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Jiayu Zhang
- School of Physics and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Wanggen Sun
- Shandong Huaguang Optoelectronics Co. Ltd., Jinan, 250101, China
| | - Mengxiao Li
- School of Physics and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Tao Chen
- School of Physics and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Haikun Zhang
- School of Physics and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China.
| | - Wenjing Tang
- School of Physics and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China.
| | - Wei Xia
- School of Physics and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
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Haris H, Jin TS, Batumalay M, Muhammad AR, Sampe J, Markom AM, Zain HA, Harun SW, Hasnan MMIM, Saad I. Single and Bunch Soliton Generation in Optical Fiber Lasers Using Bismuth Selenide Topological Insulator Saturable Absorber. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:nano13091538. [PMID: 37177083 PMCID: PMC10180442 DOI: 10.3390/nano13091538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we present the generation of two distinct types of soliton pulses using a Bismuth Selenide (Bi2Se3) saturable absorber (SA) synthesized in our laboratory. The soliton pulses were generated in two different laser cavity configurations, resulting in two types of solitons: a soliton pulse with Kelly sidebands and a bunched soliton pulse with peak-dip sidebands. Both solitons operated at the fundamental repetition rate-23.3 MHz (for the soliton with Kelly sidebands) and 13 MHz (for the bunched soliton with peak-dip sidebands). We observed that the accumulation of nonlinear phase shift from the added single mode fiber (SMF) split the single soliton pulse into 44 pulses in a bunched oscillation envelope. At the same time, peak-dip sidebands were imposed on the bunched soliton spectrum due to constructive and destructive interferences between soliton pulse and dispersive waves. The measured pulse width for both solitons were 0.63 ps (for the soliton with Kelly sidebands) and 1.52 ps (for the bunched soliton with peak-dip sidebands), respectively. Our results demonstrate the potential of Bi2Se3 SAs in generating different types of soliton pulses, which could have potential applications in various areas of optical communication and spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazlihan Haris
- Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sabah (UMS), Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Tan Sin Jin
- School of Engineering, KDU University College, UOW Malaysia, Shah Alam 40150, Selangor, Malaysia
- KDU University College, UOW Malaysia, George Town 10400, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Malathy Batumalay
- Faculty of Data Science & IT, INTI International University, Nilai 71800, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Razif Muhammad
- Institute of Microengineering and Nanoelectronics (IMEN), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Jahariah Sampe
- Institute of Microengineering and Nanoelectronics (IMEN), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Arni Munira Markom
- School of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam 40450, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Huda Adnan Zain
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Sulaiman Wadi Harun
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | | | - Ismail Saad
- Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sabah (UMS), Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia
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Zhang W, Zhang Y, Leng X, Jing Q, Wen Q. CrPS 4 Nanoflakes as Stable Direct-Band-Gap 2D Materials for Ultrafast Pulse Laser Applications. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:1128. [PMID: 36986023 PMCID: PMC10052116 DOI: 10.3390/nano13061128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) materials have attracted considerable attention due to their potential for generating ultrafast pulsed lasers. Unfortunately, the poor stability of most layered 2D materials under air exposure leads to increased fabrication costs; this has limited their development for practical applications. In this paper, we describe the successful preparation of a novel, air-stable, and broadband saturable absorber (SA), the metal thiophosphate CrPS4, using a simple and cost-effective liquid exfoliation method. The van der Waals crystal structure of CrPS4 consists of chains of CrS6 units interconnected by phosphorus. In this study, we calculated the electronic band structures of CrPS4, revealing a direct band gap. The nonlinear saturable absorption properties, which were investigated using the P-scan technique at 1550 nm, revealed that CrPS4-SA had a modulation depth of 12.2% and a saturation intensity of 463 MW/cm2. Integration of the CrPS4-SA into Yb-doped fiber and Er-doped fiber laser cavities led to mode-locking for the first time, resulting in the shortest pulse durations of 298 ps and 500 fs at 1 and 1.5 µm, respectively. These results indicate that CrPS4 has great potential for broadband ultrafast photonic applications and could be developed into an excellent candidate for SA devices, providing new directions in the search for stable SA materials and for their design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Xudong Leng
- Xinjiang Key for Laboratory of Solid State Physics and Devices, Xinjiang University, 777 Huarui Street, Urumqi 830017, China
| | - Qun Jing
- Xinjiang Key for Laboratory of Solid State Physics and Devices, Xinjiang University, 777 Huarui Street, Urumqi 830017, China
| | - Qiao Wen
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
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Xu N, Shang X, Sun S, Yang F, Fan W, Zhang H, Li D. Low-Threshold, Multiple High-Order Harmonics Fiber Laser Employing Cr 2Si 2Te 6 Saturable Absorber. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:1038. [PMID: 36985932 PMCID: PMC10052700 DOI: 10.3390/nano13061038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Abundant research findings have proved the value of two-dimensional (2D) materials in the study of nonlinear optics in fiber lasers. However, there remains two problems: how to reduce the start-up threshold, and how to improve the damage threshold, of fiber lasers based on 2D materials. A 15.1 mW low-threshold mode-locked fiber laser, based on a Cr2Si2Te6 saturable absorber (SA) prepared by the liquid-phase exfoliation method, is demonstrated successfully in this work. This provides a useful and economical method to produce SAs with low insertion loss and low saturation intensity. Besides, multiple high-order harmonics, from the fundamental frequency (12.6 MHz) to the 49th-order harmonic (617.6 MHz), mode-locked operations are recorded. The experimental results indicate the excellent potential of Cr2Si2Te6 as an optical modulator in exploring the soliton dynamics, harmonic mode locking, and other nonlinear effects in fiber lasers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Xu
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Image Processing Technology, School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optics and Photonic Device, School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Xinxin Shang
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Image Processing Technology, School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optics and Photonic Device, School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Shuo Sun
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, China
| | - Fuhao Yang
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, China
| | - Weiyu Fan
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, China
| | - Huanian Zhang
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, China
| | - Dengwang Li
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Image Processing Technology, School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optics and Photonic Device, School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
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12
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Fan W, Han Y, Chen S, Sun S, Zhao X, Bai C, Wang G, Lu C, Zhang W, Fu S, Zhang H. Nanosized indium selenide saturable absorber for multiple solitons operation in Er 3+-doped fiber laser. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:10176-10190. [PMID: 37157571 DOI: 10.1364/oe.484219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
With the advances in the field of ultrafast photonics occurring so fast, the demand for optical modulation devices with high performance and soliton lasers which can realize the evolution of multiple soliton pulses is gradually increasing. Nevertheless, saturable absorbers (SAs) with appropriate parameters and pulsed fiber lasers which can output abundant mode-locking states still need to be further explored. Due to the special band gap energy values of few-layer indium selenide (InSe) nanosheets, we have prepared a SA based on InSe on a microfiber by optical deposition. In addition, we demonstrate that our prepared SA possesses a modulation depth and saturable absorption intensity about 6.87% and 15.83 MW/cm2, respectively. Then, multiple soliton states are obtained by dispersion management techniques, including regular solitons, and second-order harmonic mode-locking solitons. Meanwhile, we have obtained multi-pulse bound state solitons. We also provide theoretical basis for the existence of these solitons. The results of the experiment show that the InSe has the potential to be an excellent optical modulator because of its excellent saturable absorption properties. This work also is important for improving the understanding and knowledge of InSe and the output performance of fiber lasers.
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13
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Tang S, Sheng Q, Wang Y, Chen S, Ye F, Yang F, Sun S, Sui Z, Bai C, Lu C, Fu S, Zhang H, Zhang W, Wang G. Generation of bright-dark solitons in an Er-doped fiber laser employing InSb as a saturable absorber. APPLIED OPTICS 2023; 62:1921-1926. [PMID: 37133075 DOI: 10.1364/ao.478859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, an indium antimonide (InSb) saturable absorber (SA) was successfully fabricated. The saturable absorption properties of the InSb SA were studied, and they show a modulation depth and a saturable intensity of 5.17% and 9.23M W/c m 2, respectively. By employing the InSb SA and building the ring cavity laser structure, the bright-dark soliton operations were successfully obtained by increasing the pump power to 100.4 mW and adjusting the polarization controller. As the pump power increased from 100.4 to 180.3 mW, the average output power increased from 4.69 to 9.42 mW, the corresponding fundamental repetition rate was 2.85 MHz, and the signal-to-noise ratio was 68 dB. The experimental results show that InSb with excellent saturable absorption characteristics can be used as a SA to obtain pulse lasers. Therefore, InSb has important potential in fiber laser generation, further applications in optoelectronics, laser distance ranging, and optical fiber communication, and it can be widely developed.
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14
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Dai L, Huang Z, Huang Q, Al Araimi M, Rozhin A, Liang X, Mou C. Intracavity-loss controlled wavelength-tunable bidirectional mode-locked erbium-doped fiber laser. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:8998-9006. [PMID: 36860002 DOI: 10.1364/oe.481788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Bidirectional wavelength-tunable mode-locked fiber lasers have demands for many applications. In our experiment, two frequency combs from a single bidirectional carbon nanotube mode-locked erbium-doped fiber laser are obtained. Continuous wavelength tuning is demonstrated in the bidirectional ultrafast erbium-doped fiber laser for the first time. We utilized the microfiber assisted differential loss-control effect on both directions to tune operation wavelength and it presents different wavelength tuning performances in two directions. Correspondingly, the repetition rate difference can be tuned from 98.6 Hz to 32 Hz by applying strain on microfiber within 23 µm stretching length. In addition, a minor repetition rate difference variation of 4.5 Hz is achieved. Such technique may provide possibility to expand wavelength range of dual-comb spectroscopy and broad its application fields.
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15
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Jia L, Wu J, Zhang Y, Qu Y, Jia B, Moss DJ. Third-Order Optical Nonlinearities of 2D Materials at Telecommunications Wavelengths. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:307. [PMID: 36838007 PMCID: PMC9962682 DOI: 10.3390/mi14020307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
All-optical signal processing based on nonlinear optical devices is promising for ultrafast information processing in optical communication systems. Recent advances in two-dimensional (2D) layered materials with unique structures and distinctive properties have opened up new avenues for nonlinear optics and the fabrication of related devices with high performance. This paper reviews the recent advances in research on third-order optical nonlinearities of 2D materials, focusing on all-optical processing applications in the optical telecommunications band near 1550 nm. First, we provide an overview of the material properties of different 2D materials. Next, we review different methods for characterizing the third-order optical nonlinearities of 2D materials, including the Z-scan technique, third-harmonic generation (THG) measurement, and hybrid device characterization, together with a summary of the measured n2 values in the telecommunications band. Finally, the current challenges and future perspectives are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linnan Jia
- Optical Sciences Center, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, Australia
| | - Jiayang Wu
- Optical Sciences Center, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, Australia
| | - Yuning Zhang
- Optical Sciences Center, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, Australia
| | - Yang Qu
- Optical Sciences Center, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, Australia
| | - Baohua Jia
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
- Australian Research Council (ARC) Industrial Transformation Training, Centre in Surface Engineering for Advanced Materials (SEAM), RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - David J. Moss
- Optical Sciences Center, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, Australia
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16
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Jebakumari KAE, Murugasenapathi NK, Palanisamy T. Engineered Two-Dimensional Nanostructures as SERS Substrates for Biomolecule Sensing: A Review. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:102. [PMID: 36671937 PMCID: PMC9855472 DOI: 10.3390/bios13010102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional nanostructures (2DNS) attract tremendous interest and have emerged as potential materials for a variety of applications, including biomolecule sensing, due to their high surface-to-volume ratio, tuneable optical and electronic properties. Advancements in the engineering of 2DNS and associated technologies have opened up new opportunities. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is a rapid, highly sensitive, non-destructive analytical technique with exceptional signal amplification potential. Several structurally and chemically engineered 2DNS with added advantages (e.g., π-π* interaction), over plasmonic SERS substrates, have been developed specifically towards biomolecule sensing in a complex matrix, such as biological fluids. This review focuses on the recent developments of 2DNS-SERS substrates for biomolecule sensor applications. The recent advancements in engineered 2DNS, particularly for SERS substrates, have been systematically surveyed. In SERS substrates, 2DNS are used as either a standalone signal enhancer or as support for the dispersion of plasmonic nanostructures. The current challenges and future opportunities in this synergetic combination have also been discussed. Given the prospects in the design and preparation of newer 2DNS, this review can give a critical view on the current status, challenges and opportunities to extrapolate their applications in biomolecule detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. A. Esther Jebakumari
- Electrodics and Electrocatalysis Division (EEC), CSIR—Central Electrochemical Research Institute (CECRI), Karaikudi 630003, Tamil Nadu, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - N. K. Murugasenapathi
- Electrodics and Electrocatalysis Division (EEC), CSIR—Central Electrochemical Research Institute (CECRI), Karaikudi 630003, Tamil Nadu, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Tamilarasan Palanisamy
- Electrodics and Electrocatalysis Division (EEC), CSIR—Central Electrochemical Research Institute (CECRI), Karaikudi 630003, Tamil Nadu, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
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17
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Sarwar H, Ji P, Shafique S, Wang X, Yang S. Production of high-quality and large lateral-size black phosphorus nanoparticles/nanosheets by liquid-phase exfoliation. RSC Adv 2023; 13:1223-1228. [PMID: 36686922 PMCID: PMC9827280 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra06504e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The liquid phase exfoliation (LPE) of layered black phosphorus (BP) material is essential in the field of electronics. N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) is one of the most promising precursors for obtaining BP nanosheets/nanoparticles, but the longer sonication time leads to smaller production of phosphorene. Herein, for the first time, the large lateral size fabrication of phosphorene was attained through NMP solvent by optimizing the process parameters. The resultant dispersions were characterized by atomic force microscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy. The characterization results revealed that the average lateral sizes of BP nanoparticles were found to be 67.8 ± 18.6 nm and the lateral size of fabricated BP nanosheets was found to be 5.37 μm. Moreover, this research provides a strategic approach for the mass production of phosphorene for photodetection applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haris Sarwar
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an, 710049 China
| | - Peirui Ji
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an, 710049 China
| | - Shareen Shafique
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an, 710049 China
| | - Xiaomin Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an, 710049 China
| | - Shuming Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an, 710049 China
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18
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Sahoo J, Sarkhel S, Mukherjee N, Jaiswal A. Nanomaterial-Based Antimicrobial Coating for Biomedical Implants: New Age Solution for Biofilm-Associated Infections. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:45962-45980. [PMID: 36570317 PMCID: PMC9773971 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c06211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Recently, the upsurge in hospital-acquired diseases has put global health at risk. Biomedical implants being the primary source of contamination, the development of biomedical implants with antimicrobial coatings has attracted the attention of a large group of researchers from around the globe. Bacteria develops biofilms on the surface of implants, making it challenging to eradicate them with the standard approach of administering antibiotics. A further issue of current concern is the fast resurgence of resistance to conventional antibiotics. As nanotechnology continues to advance, various types of nanomaterials have been created, including 2D nanoparticles and metal and metal oxide nanoparticles with antimicrobial properties. Researchers from all over the world are using these materials as a coating agent for biomedical implants to create an antimicrobial environment. This comprehensive and contemporary review summarizes various metals, metal oxide nanoparticles, 2D nanomaterials, and their composites that have been used or may be used in the future as an antimicrobial coating agent for biomedical implants, as well as their succinct mode of action to combat biofilm-associated infection and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nivedita Mukherjee
- School of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Kamand, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh 175075, India
| | - Amit Jaiswal
- School of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Kamand, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh 175075, India
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19
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Sheng Q, Tang S, Ye F, Wang Y, Chen S, Bai C, Lu C, Zhang H, Fu S, Wang G, Zhang W. Passively mode-locked fiber laser based on GeTe as a saturable absorber. APPLIED OPTICS 2022; 61:9379-9385. [PMID: 36606884 DOI: 10.1364/ao.475019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we fabricate a saturable absorber based on GeTe with saturation intensity and modulation depth of 12.6M W/c m 2 and 7%, respectively. We obtain stable conventional soliton and stretched soliton mode-locking operation. For the conventional soliton state, the average output power increased from 0.93 to 8.70 mW with the increase of pump power, and the fundamental repetition rate was 7.8351 MHz. Its central wavelength and 3 dB bandwidth were 1564.72 and 4.78 nm, respectively. For the stretched soliton state, when the pump power was increased from 87.4 to 420.3 mW, the average output power increased from 2.05 to 10.46 mW. When the maximum average output power reached 10.46 mW, the maximum average single-pulse energy was 0.86 nJ. The experimental results show that GeTe nanosheets will have broad application potential in the field of ultrafast photonics.
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20
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Zhou W, Pang X, Zhang H, Yu Q, Liu F, Wang W, Zhao Y, Lu Y, Yang Z. Frontier and Hot Topics of Pulsed Fiber Lasers via CiteSpace Scientometric Analysis: Passively Mode-Locked Fiber Lasers with Real Saturable Absorbers Based on Two-Dimensional Materials. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:6761. [PMID: 36234100 PMCID: PMC9572618 DOI: 10.3390/ma15196761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Pulsed fiber lasers, with high peak power and narrow pulse widths, have been proven to be an important tool for a variety of fields of application. In this work, frontier and hot topics in pulsed fiber lasers were analyzed with 11,064 articles. Benefitting from the scientometric analysis capabilities of CiteSpace, the analysis found that passively mode-locked fiber lasers with saturable absorbers (SAs) based on two-dimensional (2D) materials have become a hot research topic in the field of pulsed fiber lasers due to the advantages of self-starting operation, high stability, and good compatibility. The excellent nonlinear optical properties exhibited by 2D materials at nanometer-scale thicknesses have become a particularly popular research topic; the research has paved the way for exploring its wider applications. We summarize the performance of several typical 2D materials in ultrafast fiber lasers, such as graphene, topological insulators (TIs), transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), and black phosphorus (BP). Meanwhile, we review and analyze the direction of the development of 2D SAs for ultrafast fiber lasers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zhou
- College of Systems Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Xiuyang Pang
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Hanke Zhang
- College of Meteorology and Oceanography, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Qiang Yu
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Fangqi Liu
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Systems Science in Metallurgical Process, The State Key Laboratory for Refractories and Metallurgy, College of Science, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
| | - Wenyue Wang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Photoelectronics and Telecommunication, College of Physics and Communication Electronics, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China
| | - Yikun Zhao
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Yan Lu
- School of Transportation Engineering, Jiangsu Shipping College, Nantong 226010, China
| | - Zixin Yang
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
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21
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Al-Hiti AS, Tiu ZC, Yasin M, Harun SW. Ultrafast fiber laser at 1570 nm based on organic material as saturable absorber. Sci Rep 2022; 12:13288. [PMID: 35918510 PMCID: PMC9345930 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-17724-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, we demonstrated Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT: PSS) as a saturable absorber (SA) to produce mode-locking operation in different length of Erbium-doped fiber laser (EDFL). The PEDOT: PSS was embedded into polyvinyl alcohol to form a thin film that acts as an absorber into the laser setup. The three different mode-locked EDFL were successfully demonstrated with different cavity length and output coupler ratio. The pulse repetition rate/width of 3.417 MHz/710 fs, 4.831 MHz/510 fs, and 6.049 MHz/460 fs were obtained by utilizing optical coupler/ cavity length of 20:80/60.7 m, 10:90/42.7 m, and 5:95/33.7 m, respectively. All experiments generated a stable and mode-locked operation at a central wavelength of 1570.76 nm, 1570.3 nm, and 1569.95 nm with 3 dB bandwidth of 4.8 nm, 5.6 nm, and 6.5 nm, respectively. The long-time stability of the ultrafast fiber lasers was investigated for each setup via 120 min. The proposed PEDOT: PSS has proven as a promising material to induce mode-locking operation in different fiber laser setup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Shakir Al-Hiti
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50630, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Zian Cheak Tiu
- Faculty of Engineering and Quantity Surveying, INTI International University, 71800, Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.
| | - M Yasin
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Airlangga University, Surabaya, 60115, Indonesia
| | - S W Harun
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50630, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. .,Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Airlangga University, Surabaya, 60115, Indonesia.
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22
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Xiao G, Lin Z, Yang H, Xu Y, Zhou S, Li H, Liu X, Wangyang P. Tunable and anisotropic perfect absorber using graphene-black phosphorus nanoblock. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:23198-23207. [PMID: 36225005 DOI: 10.1364/oe.461261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) materials, which have attracted attention due to intriguing optical properties, form a promising building block in optical and photonic devices. This paper numerically investigates a tunable and anisotropic perfect absorber in a graphene-black phosphorus (BP) nanoblock array structure. The suggested structure exhibits polarization-dependent anisotropic absorption in the mid-infrared, with maximum absorption of 99.73% for x-polarization and 53.47% for y-polarization, as determined by finite-difference time-domain FDTD analysis. Moreover, geometrical parameters and graphene and BP doping amounts are possibly employed to tailor the absorption spectra of the structures. Hence, our results have the potential in the design of polarization-selective and tunable high-performance devices in the mid-infrared, such as polarizers, modulators, and photodetectors.
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Linghu S, Ma Y, Gu Z, Zhu R, Liu Y, Liu H, Gu F. Thermal-mechanical-photo-activation effect on silica micro/nanofiber surfaces: origination, reparation and utilization. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:22755-22767. [PMID: 36224966 DOI: 10.1364/oe.460793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The exploration relevant to the surface changes on optical micro- and nanofibers (MNFs) is still in infancy, and the reported original mechanisms remain long-standing puzzles. Here, by recognizing the combined interactions between fiber heating, mechanically tapering, and high-power pulsed laser guiding processes in MNFs, we establish a general thermal-mechanical-photo-activation mechanism that can explain the surface changes on MNFs. Our proposed activation mechanism can be well supported by the systematical experimental results using high-intensity nanosecond/femtosecond pulsed lasers. Especially we find large bump-like nanoscale cavities on the fracture ends of thin MNFs. Theoretically, on the basis of greatly increased bond energy activated by the fiber heating and mechanically tapering processes, the energy needed to break the silicon-oxygen bond into dangling bonds is significantly reduced from its intrinsic bandgap of ∼9 eV to as low as ∼4.0 eV, thus high-power pulsed lasers with much smaller photon energy can induce obvious surface changes on MNFs via multi-photon absorption. Finally, we demonstrate that using surfactants can repair the MNF surfaces and exploit them in promising applications ranging from sensing and optoelectronics to nonlinear optics. Our results pave the way for future preventing the performances from degradation and enabling the practical MNF-based device applications.
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24
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Liu X, Xu N, Shang X, Zhao L, Dong X, Liu C, Zhang H, Li D. Third-order harmonic mode-locked and Q-switched Er-doped fiber laser based on a Cr 2Ge 2Te 6 saturable absorber. APPLIED OPTICS 2022; 61:3884-3892. [PMID: 36256433 DOI: 10.1364/ao.457465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This paper reports the generation of fundamental solitons and third-order solitons in an erbium-doped fiber laser (EDFL) by a Cr2Ge2Te6-polyvinyl alcohol (CGT-PVA) saturable absorber (SA). Stable fundamental solitons at 1559.09 nm at a repetition frequency of 5.1 MHz were detected, and third-order solitons with a maximum output power of 6.807 mW and narrowest monopulse duration of 615.2 fs were obtained under a repetition frequency of 15.3 MHz by changing pump power. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first time to achieve a Q-switched pulse with a minimum pulse duration of 2.2 µs and maximum single pulse energy of 12.11 nJ in EDFL based on CGT-PVA SA after reducing the cavity length. Its repetition rate monotonically increased from 18.8 kHz to 61.8 kHz with a tuning range of about 43 kHz. The experimental results sufficiently demonstrate that CGT has enormous potential as an ultrafast photonics device.
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25
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Li N, Huang J, Du L, Yang L, Li J, Liu D, Miao L, Zhao C. Highly stable soliton and bound soliton generation from a fiber laser mode-locked by VSe 2 nanosheets. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:6838-6845. [PMID: 35299462 DOI: 10.1364/oe.452771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate the highly stable soliton generation from a fiber laser mode-locked by the VSe2 nanosheets experimentally. The VSe2 nanosheets prepared via the liquid phase exfoliation method exhibit ultrafast relaxation time and excellent nonlinear optical behavior with saturation intensity and modulation depth of 14.28 MW/cm2 and 19.11%, respectively. A highly stable mode-locked Er3+-doped fiber laser with pulse duration of 714 fs and signal-to-noise ratio of 78.44 dB has been delivered successfully based on the VSe2 nanosheets saturable absorber. In addition, the transition from the conventional soliton to bound-state soliton has been observed experimentally. Our results reveal that VSe2 nanosheets possess excellent nonlinear optical performance and can act as a robust optical platform for versatile optical applications.
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Efficient Saturable Absorber Based on Ferromagnetic Insulator Cr 2Ge 2Te 6 in Er-Doped Mode-Locked Fiber Laser. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12050751. [PMID: 35269240 PMCID: PMC8911801 DOI: 10.3390/nano12050751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A ferromagnetic insulator Cr2Ge2Te6 as a saturable absorber in an Er-doped fiber laser (EDFL) was demonstrated. In this work, a CGT-PVA composite film was successfully fabricated using the liquid-phase exfoliation method and employed in an EDFL. The modulation depth and saturation intensity of the SA are 4.26% and 89.40 MW/cm2, respectively. Stable pulses with a minimum pulse width of 978.5 fs when the repetition rate was 3.25 MHz were recorded experimentally. Furthermore, stable solitons still need to be obtained when the pulse energy in the cavity is as high as 11.6 nJ. The results fully suggest that CGT has outstanding nonlinear absorption properties, which may have broad potential applications in ultrafast photons.
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Liu S, Huang H, Lu J, Xu N, Qu J, Wen Q. Liquid-Phase Exfoliation of Ta2NiS5 and Its Application in Near-Infrared Mode-Locked Fiber Lasers with Evanescent Field Interactions and Passively Q-Switched Bulk Laser. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12040695. [PMID: 35215025 PMCID: PMC8879482 DOI: 10.3390/nano12040695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
We report on the application of a 1 μm solid-state passively Q-switched (PQS) laser and 1, 1.5 μm mode-locked (ML) fiber lasers based on ternary chalcogenide Ta2NiS5 saturable absorber (SA), which were successfully fabricated by liquid-phase exfoliation method (LPE). The nonlinear absorption of the Ta2NiS5-SA was characterized by 0.32 GW/cm2 and 0.25 GW/cm2 saturation intensities with 7.3% and 5.1% modulations depths at 1 μm and 1.5 μm, respectively. A PQS solid-state laser operating at 1.0 μm has been realized with the Ta2NiS5-SA. The maximum average output power, shortest pulse width, pulse energy, and pulse peak power from the PQS laser are 0.257 W, 180 ns, 1.265 μJ, and 7 W. Moreover, highly stable femtosecond laser centered at 1.5 μm, and picosecond centered at 1 μm, ML fiber lasers were obtained using the Ta2NiS5-SA. A 70 dB signal-to-noise ML laser with a pulse duration of 781 fs was observed in the telecommunication window, which is better than the duration of the previously reported lasers based on Ta2NiS5. The corresponding maximum single pulse energy and peak power are 0.977 nJ and 1251 W, respectively. The Ta2NiS5-SA fabricated by the LPE method was applied in near-infrared (NIR) ML fiber lasers (evanescent field interactions) and PQS bulk lasers. The results indicate that Ta2NiS5-SA prepared by the LPE method can be applied in a 1 μm bulk PQS laser and improved by the new combination mode (evanescent field interactions) for better output performance of the fiber laser.
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Zhu R, Qi Y, Meng J. Novel nanomaterials based saturable absorbers for passive mode locked fiber laser at 1.5 μm. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 33:182002. [PMID: 35051916 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac4d59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Compared with continuous wave lasers, ultrafast lasers have the advantages of ultra-short pulse width and ultra-high peak power, and have significant applications in optical communications, medical diagnostics, and precision machining. Saturable absorber (SA) technology is the most effective technique for the generation of ultra-fast lasers, which are based on artificial SAs and natural SAs. Among them, the semiconductor saturable absorber mirror has become the most commonly used form at present. Recently, basic research and application of nanomaterials such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphene have been developed rapidly. Researchers have found that nanomaterials exhibit extraordinary characteristics in ultrafast photonics, such as the low saturation intensity of CNTs, zero-band gap of graphene, and extremely high modulation depth of the topological insulator nano-films. Since graphene was first reported as an SA in 2009, many other nanomaterials have been successively explored, resulting in the rapid development of novel nanomaterial-based SAs. In this paper, we classified the nanomaterials used in SA mode-locking technology at 1.5μm and reviewed their research progress with a particular focus on nonlinear optical properties, integration strategies, and applications in the field of ultrafast photonics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhu
- Center for Advanced Laser Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, People's Republic of China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Advanced Laser Technology and Equipment, Tianjin 300401, People's Republic of China
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401,People's Republic of China
| | - Yaoyao Qi
- Center for Advanced Laser Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, People's Republic of China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Advanced Laser Technology and Equipment, Tianjin 300401, People's Republic of China
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401,People's Republic of China
| | - Jianfei Meng
- Center for Advanced Laser Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, People's Republic of China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Advanced Laser Technology and Equipment, Tianjin 300401, People's Republic of China
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401,People's Republic of China
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All-Optical Modulation Technology Based on 2D Layered Materials. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:mi13010092. [PMID: 35056256 PMCID: PMC8780208 DOI: 10.3390/mi13010092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
In the advancement of photonics technologies, all-optical systems are highly demanded in ultrafast photonics, signal processing, optical sensing and optical communication systems. All-optical devices are the core elements to realize the next generation of photonics integration system and optical interconnection. Thus, the exploration of new optoelectronics materials that exhibit different optical properties is a highlighted research direction. The emerging two-dimensional (2D) materials such as graphene, black phosphorus (BP), transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) and MXene have proved great potential in the evolution of photonics technologies. The optical properties of 2D materials comprising the energy bandgap, third-order nonlinearity, nonlinear absorption and thermo-optics coefficient can be tailored for different optical applications. Over the past decade, the explorations of 2D materials in photonics applications have extended to all-optical modulators, all-optical switches, an all-optical wavelength converter, covering the visible, near-infrared and Terahertz wavelength range. Herein, we review different types of 2D materials, their fabrication processes and optical properties. In addition, we also summarize the recent advances of all-optical modulation based on 2D materials. Finally, we conclude on the perspectives on and challenges of the future development of the 2D material-based all-optical devices.
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Bilal RMH, Baqir MA, Hameed M, Naqvi SA, Ali MM. Triangular metallic ring-shaped broadband polarization-insensitive and wide-angle metamaterial absorber for visible regime. JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA. A, OPTICS, IMAGE SCIENCE, AND VISION 2022; 39:136-142. [PMID: 35200983 DOI: 10.1364/josaa.444523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The inherent bandwidth limitations make it quite challenging to achieve the wideband response of metamaterial absorbers. In this paper, a metamaterial absorber based on triangular metallic rings has been proposed to attain wideband absorption (>90%) in the wavelength span of 400-750 nm. The absorber is constituted of periodically placed unit cells, where each unit cell contains three concentric triangular chromium metal rings. The absorption of the design remains stable (above 70%) over a wide range of incidence obliquity (0°-60°) under transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) polarization. Further, the absorber shows polarization-insensitive behavior over different polarization states. The low-cost and thermally endurable chromium metal, wide absorption, and wide-angle stability make the proposed absorber a suitable candidate for applications like solar energy harvesting, solar detectors, solar thermal photovoltaics, and photonic devices.
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Zhang YN, Song ZY, Qiao D, Li XH, Guang Z, Li SP, Zhou LB, Chen XH. 2D van der Waals materials for ultrafast pulsed fiber lasers: review and prospect. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 33:082003. [PMID: 34731847 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac3611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
2D van der Waals materials are crystals composed of atomic layers, which have atomic thickness scale layers and rich distinct properties, including ultrafast optical response, surface effects, light-mater interaction, small size effects, quantum effects and macro quantum tunnel effects. With the exploration of saturable absorption characteristic of 2D van der Waals materials, a series of potential applications of 2D van der Waals materials as high threshold, broadband and fast response saturable absorbers (SAs) in ultrafast photonics have been proposed and confirmed. Herein, the photoelectric characteristics, nonlinear characteristic measurement technique of 2D van der Waals materials and the preparation technology of SAs are systematically described. Furthermore, the ultrafast pulsed fiber lasers based on classical 2D van der Waals materials including graphene, transition metal chalcogenides, topological insulators and black phosphorus have been fully summarized and analyzed. On this basis, opportunities and directions in this field, as well as the research results of ultrafast pulsed fiber lasers based on the latest 2D van der Waals materials (such as PbO, FePSe3, graphdiyne, bismuthene, Ag2S and MXene etc), are reviewed and summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ni Zhang
- Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Department of Physics, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuo-Ying Song
- Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Department of Physics, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, People's Republic of China
| | - Dun Qiao
- University of South Wales, Wireless and Optoelectronics Research and Innovation Centre, Faculty of Computing, Engineering and Science, Pontypridd CF37 1DL, United Kingdom
| | - Xiao-Hui Li
- Shaanxi Normal University, College of Physics and Information Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710119, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhe Guang
- School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, 837 State Street, Atlanta, GA 30332, United States of America
- School of Computer Science, Georgia Institute of Technology, 266 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA 30332, United States of America
| | - Shao-Peng Li
- Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Department of Physics, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Bin Zhou
- Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Department of Physics, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Han Chen
- Shandong University, School of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Technology and Application, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, People's Republic of China
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32
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Recent development in emerging phosphorene based novel materials: Progress, challenges, prospects and their fascinating sensing applications. PROG SOLID STATE CH 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progsolidstchem.2021.100336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Zeng Y, Guo Z. Synthesis and stabilization of black phosphorus and phosphorene: recent progress and perspectives. iScience 2021; 24:103116. [PMID: 34646981 PMCID: PMC8497852 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Two-dimensional black phosphorus (BP) has triggered tremendous research interest owing to its unique crystal structure, high carrier mobility, and tunable direct bandgap. Preparation of few-layer BP with high quality and stability is very important for its related research and applications in biomedicine, electronics, and optoelectronics. In this review, the synthesis methods of BP, including the preparation of bulk BP crystal which is an important raw material for preparing few-layer BP, the popular top-down methods, and some direct growth strategies of few-layer BP are comprehensively overviewed. Then chemical ways to enhance the stability of few-layer BP are concretely introduced. Finally, we propose a selection rule of preparation methods of few-layer BP according to the requirement of specific BP properties for different applications. We hope this review would bring some insight for future researches on BP and contributes to the acceleration of BP's commercial progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghong Zeng
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China
| | - Zhinan Guo
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China
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Zhao L, Yuan Y, Tong L, Zhang W, Zhang Z, Ning T, Cai Y, Gao Y. Passively Q-Switched Yb:CALGO Laser Based on Mo:BiVO 4 Absorber. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11092364. [PMID: 34578679 PMCID: PMC8464999 DOI: 10.3390/nano11092364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A stable, passively Q-switched Yb:CaGdAlO4 laser based on Mo:BiVO4 saturable absorber was demonstrated. Close observations of the structure and morphology of the nanoparticles by using transmission electron microscope, Raman spectrum and linear absorption were measured. The nonlinear transmission of Mo:BiVO4 was characterized by a 30 ps laser with a central wavelength of 1064 nm and a repetition rate of 10 Hz. The experimental maximum output power of the pulsed laser was 510 mW with a repetition rate of 87 kHz and pulse width of 3.18 μs, corresponding to a peak power of 1.84 W and a single pulse energy of 5.8 μJ. The experimental results indicate that Mo:BiVO4-SA is a great candidate for passively Q-switched lasers in the near infrared region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Zhao
- College of Physics and Electronics, Center of Light Manipulations and Applications, Shandong Normal University, No 88, East Wenhua Road, Jinan 250014, China; (L.Z.); (Y.Y.); (L.T.); (W.Z.); (Z.Z.); (T.N.)
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optics and Photonic Device, No 88, East Wenhua Road, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Ye Yuan
- College of Physics and Electronics, Center of Light Manipulations and Applications, Shandong Normal University, No 88, East Wenhua Road, Jinan 250014, China; (L.Z.); (Y.Y.); (L.T.); (W.Z.); (Z.Z.); (T.N.)
| | - Luyang Tong
- College of Physics and Electronics, Center of Light Manipulations and Applications, Shandong Normal University, No 88, East Wenhua Road, Jinan 250014, China; (L.Z.); (Y.Y.); (L.T.); (W.Z.); (Z.Z.); (T.N.)
| | - Wenyu Zhang
- College of Physics and Electronics, Center of Light Manipulations and Applications, Shandong Normal University, No 88, East Wenhua Road, Jinan 250014, China; (L.Z.); (Y.Y.); (L.T.); (W.Z.); (Z.Z.); (T.N.)
| | - Zhongshuai Zhang
- College of Physics and Electronics, Center of Light Manipulations and Applications, Shandong Normal University, No 88, East Wenhua Road, Jinan 250014, China; (L.Z.); (Y.Y.); (L.T.); (W.Z.); (Z.Z.); (T.N.)
| | - Tingyin Ning
- College of Physics and Electronics, Center of Light Manipulations and Applications, Shandong Normal University, No 88, East Wenhua Road, Jinan 250014, China; (L.Z.); (Y.Y.); (L.T.); (W.Z.); (Z.Z.); (T.N.)
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optics and Photonic Device, No 88, East Wenhua Road, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Yangjian Cai
- College of Physics and Electronics, Center of Light Manipulations and Applications, Shandong Normal University, No 88, East Wenhua Road, Jinan 250014, China; (L.Z.); (Y.Y.); (L.T.); (W.Z.); (Z.Z.); (T.N.)
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optics and Photonic Device, No 88, East Wenhua Road, Jinan 250014, China
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
- Correspondence: (Y.C.); (Y.G.)
| | - Yuanmei Gao
- College of Physics and Electronics, Center of Light Manipulations and Applications, Shandong Normal University, No 88, East Wenhua Road, Jinan 250014, China; (L.Z.); (Y.Y.); (L.T.); (W.Z.); (Z.Z.); (T.N.)
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optics and Photonic Device, No 88, East Wenhua Road, Jinan 250014, China
- Correspondence: (Y.C.); (Y.G.)
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Zhou Y, Li H, Li L, Cai Y, Zeyde K, Han X. Efficient HIE-FDTD method for designing a dual-band anisotropic terahertz absorption structure. OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 29:18611-18623. [PMID: 34154114 DOI: 10.1364/oe.427420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method is considered to be one of the most accurate and common methods for the simulation of optical devices. However, the conventional FDTD method is subject to the Courant-Friedrich-Levy condition, resulting in extremely low efficiency for calculating two-dimensional materials (2DMs). Recent researches on the hybrid implicit-explicit FDTD (HIE-FDTD) method show that the method can efficiently simulate homogeneous and isotropic 2DMs such as graphene sheet; however, it is inapplicable to the anisotropic medium. In this paper, we propose an in-plane anisotropic HIE-FDTD method to simulate optical devices containing graphene and black phosphorus (BP) sheets. Numerical analysis shows that the proposed method is accurate and efficient. With this method, we present a novel multi-layer graphene-BP-based dual-band anisotropic terahertz absorption structure (GBP-DATAS) and analyze its optical characteristics. Combining the advantages of graphene and BP localized surface plasmons, the GBP-DATAS demonstrates strong anisotropic plasmonic resonance and high absorption rate in the terahertz band.
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Debnath PC, Yeom DI. Ultrafast Fiber Lasers with Low-Dimensional Saturable Absorbers: Status and Prospects. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21113676. [PMID: 34070539 PMCID: PMC8198619 DOI: 10.3390/s21113676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Wide-spectral saturable absorption (SA) in low-dimensional (LD) nanomaterials such as zero-, one-, and two-dimensional materials has been proven experimentally with outstanding results, including low saturation intensity, deep modulation depth, and fast carrier recovery time. LD nanomaterials can therefore be used as SAs for mode-locking or Q-switching to generate ultrafast fiber laser pulses with a high repetition rate and short duration in the visible, near-infrared, and mid-infrared wavelength regions. Here, we review the recent development of emerging LD nanomaterials as SAs for ultrafast mode-locked fiber laser applications in different dispersion regimes such as anomalous and normal dispersion regimes of the laser cavity operating in the near-infrared region, especially at ~1550 nm. The preparation methods, nonlinear optical properties of LD SAs, and various integration schemes for incorporating LD SAs into fiber laser systems are introduced. In addition to these, externally (electrically or optically) controlled pulsed fiber laser behavior and other characteristics of various LD SAs are summarized. Finally, the perspectives and challenges facing LD SA-based mode-locked ultrafast fiber lasers are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pulak Chandra Debnath
- Department of Energy Systems Research, Ajou University, 206 Worldcup-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon 16499, Korea;
- Department of Physics, Ajou University, 206 Worldcup-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon 16499, Korea
| | - Dong-Il Yeom
- Department of Energy Systems Research, Ajou University, 206 Worldcup-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon 16499, Korea;
- Department of Physics, Ajou University, 206 Worldcup-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon 16499, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-31-219-1937
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37
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Liu X, Gaihre B, George MN, Li Y, Tilton M, Yaszemski MJ, Lu L. 2D phosphorene nanosheets, quantum dots, nanoribbons: synthesis and biomedical applications. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:2768-2803. [PMID: 33620047 PMCID: PMC9009269 DOI: 10.1039/d0bm01972k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Phosphorene, also known as black phosphorus (BP), is a two-dimensional (2D) material that has gained significant attention in several areas of current research. Its unique properties such as outstanding surface activity, an adjustable bandgap width, favorable on/off current ratios, infrared-light responsiveness, good biocompatibility, and fast biodegradation differentiate this material from other two-dimensional materials. The application of BP in the biomedical field has been rapidly emerging over the past few years. This article aimed to provide a comprehensive review of the recent progress on the unique properties and extensive medical applications for BP in bone, nerve, skin, kidney, cancer, and biosensing related treatment. The details of applications of BP in these fields were summarized and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xifeng Liu
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA. and Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Bipin Gaihre
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA. and Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Matthew N George
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA. and Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA. and Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Maryam Tilton
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA. and Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Michael J Yaszemski
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA. and Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Lichun Lu
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA. and Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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Chen JH, Xiong YF, Xu F, Lu YQ. Silica optical fiber integrated with two-dimensional materials: towards opto-electro-mechanical technology. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2021; 10:78. [PMID: 33854031 PMCID: PMC8046821 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-021-00520-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the integration of graphene and related two-dimensional (2D) materials in optical fibers have stimulated significant advances in all-fiber photonics and optoelectronics. The conventional passive silica fiber devices with 2D materials are empowered for enhancing light-matter interactions and are applied for manipulating light beams in respect of their polarization, phase, intensity and frequency, and even realizing the active photo-electric conversion and electro-optic modulation, which paves a new route to the integrated multifunctional all-fiber optoelectronic system. This article reviews the fast-progress field of hybrid 2D-materials-optical-fiber for the opto-electro-mechanical devices. The challenges and opportunities in this field for future development are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Hui Chen
- Institute of Electromagnetics and Acoustics, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Yi-Feng Xiong
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Fei Xu
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China.
| | - Yan-Qing Lu
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China.
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39
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Chen W, Zhang F, Wang C, Jia M, Zhao X, Liu Z, Ge Y, Zhang Y, Zhang H. Nonlinear Photonics Using Low-Dimensional Metal-Halide Perovskites: Recent Advances and Future Challenges. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2004446. [PMID: 33543536 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202004446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Low-dimensional metal-halide perovskites have exhibited significantly superior nonlinear optical properties compared to traditional semiconductor counterparts, thanks to their peculiar physical and electronic structures. Their exceptional nonlinear optical characteristics make them excellent candidates for revolutionizing widespread applications. However, the research of nonlinear photonics based on low-dimensional metal-halide perovskites is in its infancy. There is a lack of comprehensive and in-depth summary of this research realm. Here, the state-of-the-art research progress related to third-and higher-order nonlinear optical properties of low-dimensional metal-halide perovskites with diverse crystal structures from 3D down to 0D, together with their practical applications, is summarized comprehensively. Critical discussions are offered on the fundamental mechanisms beneath their exceptional nonlinear optical performance from the physics viewpoint, attempting to disclose the role of intrinsic attributes (e.g., composition, bandgap, size, shape, and structure) and external modulation strategies (e.g., developing core-shell structures, transition metal ion doping, and hybridization with dielectric microspheres) in tuning the response. Additionally, their potential applications in nonlinear photonics, nonlinear optoelectronics, and biophotonics are systematically and thoroughly summed up and categorized. Lastly, insights into the current technical challenges and future research opportunities of nonlinear photonics based on low-dimensional metal-halide perovskites are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqiang Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Optoelectronic Science & Technology, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Photonic Information Technology, Guangdong Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy (SZ), Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Cong Wang
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Optoelectronic Science & Technology, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Photonic Information Technology, Guangdong Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy (SZ), Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Mingshuang Jia
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Xinghang Zhao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Zhaoran Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Yanqi Ge
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Optoelectronic Science & Technology, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Photonic Information Technology, Guangdong Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy (SZ), Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Yupeng Zhang
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Optoelectronic Science & Technology, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Photonic Information Technology, Guangdong Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy (SZ), Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Han Zhang
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Optoelectronic Science & Technology, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Photonic Information Technology, Guangdong Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy (SZ), Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
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40
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Pang L, Li L, Wang R, Zhao Q, Liu W, Wu R, Lv Y. Vanadium disulfide for ultrafast photonic application. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 32:015202. [PMID: 33043902 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/abb72e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The investigation of two-dimensional (2D) nonlinear optical materials offers a promising way to construct the high-performance optical devices in fundamental and industrial applications because of their rich distinct optoelectronic properties. Herein, by utilizing the liquid exfoliation method, vanadium disulfide (VS2) nanosheets are prepared and the thickness is measured to be 3.16 nm. In addition, we have fabricated the VS2-based optical device and the nonlinear optical property is characterized with modulation depth of 23.97%. By using VS2 as saturable absorber, a high stable passively mode-locking Er-doped fiber laser is obtained with pulse duration of 169 fs and the largest average output power of 70.5 mW. The slope efficiency is up to 7.9%. In comparison to recent results of mode-locking fiber lasers with 2D materials, the VS2-based fiber laser demonstrates better performance. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first example of using VS2 for generating femtosecond mode-locked laser pulse. Our experimental results not only reveal VS2 ultrafast photonics application, but also advance the high-performance applications for information science and nonlinear optics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihui Pang
- Shaanxi Provincial Center for Regenerative Medicine and Surgical Engineering, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, People's Republic of China
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Precise Surgery & Regenerative Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Li
- School of Science, Xi'an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xi'an 710121, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongfeng Wang
- Shaanxi Provincial Center for Regenerative Medicine and Surgical Engineering, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, People's Republic of China
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Precise Surgery & Regenerative Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiyi Zhao
- School of Science, Xi'an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xi'an 710121, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications, School of Science, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongqian Wu
- Shaanxi Provincial Center for Regenerative Medicine and Surgical Engineering, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, People's Republic of China
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Precise Surgery & Regenerative Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Lv
- Shaanxi Provincial Center for Regenerative Medicine and Surgical Engineering, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, People's Republic of China
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Precise Surgery & Regenerative Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, People's Republic of China
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Shi X, Yin H, Jiang S, Chen W, Zheng GP, Ren F, Wang B, Zhao G, Liu B. Janus 2D titanium nitride halide TiNX0.5Y0.5 (X, Y = F, Cl, or Br, and X ≠ Y) monolayers with giant out-of-plane piezoelectricity and high carrier mobility. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:3637-3645. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cp06116f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We have proposed a series of Janus 2D titanium nitride halide TiNX0.5Y0.5 (X, Y = F, Cl, or Br, and X ≠ Y) monolayers, which have considerable out-of-plane piezoelectricity and high carrier mobility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo Shi
- Institute for Computational Materials Science, School of Physics and Electronics
- International Joint Research Laboratory of New Energy Materials and Devices of Henan Province
- Henan University
- Kaifeng 475004
- China
| | - Huabing Yin
- Institute for Computational Materials Science, School of Physics and Electronics
- International Joint Research Laboratory of New Energy Materials and Devices of Henan Province
- Henan University
- Kaifeng 475004
- China
| | - Shujuan Jiang
- Institute for Computational Materials Science, School of Physics and Electronics
- International Joint Research Laboratory of New Energy Materials and Devices of Henan Province
- Henan University
- Kaifeng 475004
- China
| | - Weizhen Chen
- Institute for Computational Materials Science, School of Physics and Electronics
- International Joint Research Laboratory of New Energy Materials and Devices of Henan Province
- Henan University
- Kaifeng 475004
- China
| | - Guang-Ping Zheng
- Department of Mechanical Engineering
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
- Hung Hom
- Kowloon
- China
| | - Fengzhu Ren
- Institute for Computational Materials Science, School of Physics and Electronics
- International Joint Research Laboratory of New Energy Materials and Devices of Henan Province
- Henan University
- Kaifeng 475004
- China
| | - Bing Wang
- Institute for Computational Materials Science, School of Physics and Electronics
- International Joint Research Laboratory of New Energy Materials and Devices of Henan Province
- Henan University
- Kaifeng 475004
- China
| | - Gaofeng Zhao
- Institute for Computational Materials Science, School of Physics and Electronics
- International Joint Research Laboratory of New Energy Materials and Devices of Henan Province
- Henan University
- Kaifeng 475004
- China
| | - Bo Liu
- Laboratory of Functional Molecules and Materials
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering
- Shandong University of Technology
- China
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Cai X, Xie L, Gu P, Zhang Z. Two-dimensional hexagonal boron nitride as saturable absorber for a 1.5 µm passively Q-switched erbium-doped fiber laser. APPLIED OPTICS 2020; 59:11337-11341. [PMID: 33362058 DOI: 10.1364/ao.408961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We report on two-dimensional (2D) hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) as saturable absorber (SA) material in a passively Q-switched erbium-doped fiber laser (EDFL) operating at 1.5 µm. The 2D hBN film as an SA is fabricated and transferred onto the optical fiber tip by natural deposition technology. In the Q-switched operation, we obtain stable Q-switched laser operation with a maximum average 10% output power of 2.25 mW, corresponding to a repetition frequency of 55.5 kHz, shortest pulse width of 6.77 µs, and single pulse energy of 40.49 nJ. The achieved PQS at 1.5 µm EDFL with 2D hBN as an SA may have potential applications in many novel 2D materials and all-fiber lasers.
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Hui Z, Qu M, Li X, Guo Y, Li J, Jing L, Wu Z. SnS nanosheets for harmonic pulses generation in near infrared region. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 31:485706. [PMID: 32717736 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aba978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional materials have attracted increasing attention because of their excellent mechanical, thermodynamic, magnetic, electrical and optical properties. Here, a new two-dimensional material of tin sulfide (SnS) is experimentally prepared. It is layered like black phosphorus and owns distinct optoelectronic properties, but eliminates the disadvantage of instability. The nonlinear saturable absorption characteristics of the SnS nanosheets is investigated at 1563.3 nm by the double-balanced detection method. The obtained modulation depth and saturation intensity are 5.4% and 66.3 MW/cm2, respectively. A passively harmonic mode-locked erbium-doped fiber laser based on the SnS saturable absorber (SA) has been demonstrated. The results show that mode-locking with fundamental frequency of 5.47 MHz is realized at pump power of 28.38 mW. With the increase of pump power, the laser can operate from fundamental frequency to high-order harmonic mode-locking. The maximum repetition rate of 412.73 MHz has been obtained, which is equivalent to the 76th harmonic mode-locking. This work reveals that SnS nanosheets is a novel and efficient SA with high damage threshold, which will find potential applications in optical communication, photoelectric detection, laser medicine, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanqiang Hui
- School of Electronic Engineering, Xi'an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710121, People's Republic of China
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Fu J, An D, Song Y, Wang C, Qiu M, Zhang H. Janus nanoparticles for cellular delivery chemotherapy: Recent advances and challenges. Coord Chem Rev 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Bilal RMH, Saeed MA, Choudhury PK, Baqir MA, Kamal W, Ali MM, Rahim AA. Elliptical metallic rings-shaped fractal metamaterial absorber in the visible regime. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14035. [PMID: 32820192 PMCID: PMC7441161 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71032-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Achieving the broadband response of metamaterial absorbers has been quite challenging due to the inherent bandwidth limitations. Herein, the investigation was made of a unique kind of visible light metamaterial absorber comprising elliptical rings-shaped fractal metasurface using tungsten metal. It was found that the proposed absorber exhibits average absorption of over 90% in the visible wavelength span of 400-750 nm. The features of perfect absorption could be observed because of the localized surface plasmon resonance that causes impedance matching. Moreover, in the context of optoelectronic applications, the absorber yields absorbance up to ~ 70% even with the incidence obliquity in the range of 0°-60° for transverse electric polarization. The theory of multiple reflections was employed to further verify the performance of the absorber. The obtained theoretical results were found to be in close agreement with the simulation results. In order to optimize the results, the performance was analyzed in terms of the figure of merit and operating bandwidth. Significant amount of absorption in the entire visible span, wide-angle stability, and utilization of low-cost metal make the proposed absorber suitable in varieties of photonics applications, in particular photovoltaics, thermal emitters and sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M H Bilal
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology, Topi, 23640, Pakistan
| | - M A Saeed
- Division of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul, 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - P K Choudhury
- Institute of Microengineering and Nanoelectronics, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - M A Baqir
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Sahiwal, 57000, Pakistan
| | - W Kamal
- Department of Engineering Sciences, University of Oxford, Park Road, Oxford, OX1 3PJ, UK
| | - M M Ali
- Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, University of Limerick, Limerick, V94 T9PX, Ireland
| | - A A Rahim
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology, Topi, 23640, Pakistan
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Khan K, Tareen AK, Aslam M, Sagar RUR, Zhang B, Huang W, Mahmood A, Mahmood N, Khan K, Zhang H, Guo Z. Recent Progress, Challenges, and Prospects in Two-Dimensional Photo-Catalyst Materials and Environmental Remediation. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2020; 12:167. [PMID: 34138161 PMCID: PMC7770787 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-020-00504-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The successful photo-catalyst library gives significant information on feature that affects photo-catalytic performance and proposes new materials. Competency is considerably significant to form multi-functional photo-catalysts with flexible characteristics. Since recently, two-dimensional materials (2DMs) gained much attention from researchers, due to their unique thickness-dependent uses, mainly for photo-catalytic, outstanding chemical and physical properties. Photo-catalytic water splitting and hydrogen (H2) evolution by plentiful compounds as electron (e-) donors is estimated to participate in constructing clean method for solar H2-formation. Heterogeneous photo-catalysis received much research attention caused by their applications to tackle numerous energy and environmental issues. This broad review explains progress regarding 2DMs, significance in structure, and catalytic results. We will discuss in detail current progresses of approaches for adjusting 2DMs-based photo-catalysts to assess their photo-activity including doping, hetero-structure scheme, and functional formation assembly. Suggested plans, e.g., doping and sensitization of semiconducting 2DMs, increasing electrical conductance, improving catalytic active sites, strengthening interface coupling in semiconductors (SCs) 2DMs, forming nano-structures, building multi-junction nano-composites, increasing photo-stability of SCs, and using combined results of adapted approaches, are summed up. Hence, to further improve 2DMs photo-catalyst properties, hetero-structure design-based 2DMs' photo-catalyst basic mechanism is also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim Khan
- School of Electrical Engineering and Intelligentization, Dongguan University of Technology (DGUT), Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Optoelectronic Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Photonic Information Technology, Guangdong Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy (SZ), Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ayesha Khan Tareen
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Optoelectronic Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Photonic Information Technology, Guangdong Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy (SZ), Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, People's Republic of China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, People's Republic of China
| | - Muhammad Aslam
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Optoelectronic Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Photonic Information Technology, Guangdong Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy (SZ), Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, People's Republic of China
- Government Degree College Paharpur, Gomel University, Dera Ismail Khan, K.P.K, Islamic Republic of Pakistan
| | - Rizwan Ur Rehman Sagar
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Jiangxi, 341000, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Optoelectronic Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Photonic Information Technology, Guangdong Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy (SZ), Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, People's Republic of China
| | - Weichun Huang
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Optoelectronic Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Photonic Information Technology, Guangdong Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy (SZ), Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, People's Republic of China
| | - Asif Mahmood
- School of Chemical and Bio-Molecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Nasir Mahmood
- School of Engineering, The Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology (RMIT) University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Kishwar Khan
- Research Laboratory of Electronics (RLE), Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Han Zhang
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Optoelectronic Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Photonic Information Technology, Guangdong Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy (SZ), Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhongyi Guo
- School of Electrical Engineering and Intelligentization, Dongguan University of Technology (DGUT), Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
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Song Y, You K, Zhao J, Huang D, Chen Y, Xing C, Zhang H. A nano-lateral heterojunction of selenium-coated tellurium for infrared-band soliton fiber lasers. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:15252-15260. [PMID: 32643712 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr02548h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this work, ultrafast fiber lasers based on 2D selenium-coated tellurium nanosheets in the infrared band are reported. 2D selenium-coated tellurium as a mode locker is shown with broadband saturable absorption and is capable of supporting ultra-stable pulse trains with several hundred-femtosecond pulse widths in the laser cavity. In particular, the as-fabricated 2D selenium-coated tellurium based fiber laser source operating in the communication band (1.5 μm) exhibits the vector pulse property, which supports the study of the vector soliton in ultrafast fiber lasers. The pulse duration of vector solitons is as short as 800 fs. The 2D selenium-coated tellurium is also available for a mode locked fiber laser operating at 1 μm. The laser oscillator has a pulse duration of several picoseconds and the pulse train is ultra-stable after an amplification to 100 mW, which is a promising seed source in the chirped-pulse amplification system in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Song
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of phosphorene and Optoelectronics, International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Kaixi You
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of phosphorene and Optoelectronics, International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Jinlai Zhao
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of phosphorene and Optoelectronics, International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Dazhou Huang
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of phosphorene and Optoelectronics, International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Yunxiang Chen
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of phosphorene and Optoelectronics, International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Chenyang Xing
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of phosphorene and Optoelectronics, International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Han Zhang
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of phosphorene and Optoelectronics, International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
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Recent insights into the robustness of two-dimensional black phosphorous in optoelectronic applications. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY C-PHOTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2020.100354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Zhang M, Chen H, Wang J, Wang Z, Zhang J, Li J, He T, Yin J, Yan P, Ruan S. Few-layer metal monochalcogenide saturable absorbers for high-energy Q-switched pulse generation. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 31:205204. [PMID: 32015224 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab7251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional layered materials have been widely utilized as nonlinear absorption materials to transfer continue-wave into pulse trains in fiber laser systems. Here, we prepare robust GaSe/GeSe composites with high power bearing capacity as saturable absorbers (SAs) and then investigate their nonlinear optical properties via broadband Z-scan measurement at 800 nm and 1550 nm, respectively. The modulation depths of GaSe/GeSe based SAs are measured to be 11.97% and 7.69% at 1550 nm. After incorporating the GaSe/GeSe SAs into an Erbium-doped fiber laser cavity, passively Q-switched pulse trains could be obtained with repetition rates changing from 83.58 to 136.78 kHz (70.41 to 161.65 kHz). The maximum output power and pulse energy are 52.1 mW/370.67 nJ (GaSe) and 21.6 mW/133.74 nJ (GeSe) under the maximum pump power of 600 mW. The results indicate that GaSe and GeSe possess outstanding thermal stability and could be employed as remarkable saturable absorption materials for high-energy pulses generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyu Zhang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Laser Engineering, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, People's Republic of China
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Zhang W, Wang G, Xing F, Man Z, Zhang F, Han K, Zhang H, Fu S. Passively Q-switched and mode-locked erbium-doped fiber lasers based on tellurene nanosheets as saturable absorber. OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 28:14729-14739. [PMID: 32403508 DOI: 10.1364/oe.392944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Various two-dimensional (2D) materials show unique optical properties and excellent performance in acting as saturable absorber (SA) for demonstrating all-fiber ultra-fast lasers. Tellurene, as a new-fashioned few-layer 2D monoelemental material, was designed as an excellent saturable absorber to achieve Q-switched and mode-locked operations within erbium-doped fiber (EDF) lasers in our experiment. High-quality tellurene-based SA with a modulation depth of 0.97% was obtained by blending few-layer tellurene nanosheet solution prepared by liquid phase exfoliation method and the polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) solution. Inserting the SA into the EDF laser cavity by sandwiching the tellurene-PVA film between two fiber ferrules, either the passively Q-switched or the passively mode-locked operations can be obtained. The repetition rate varies from 15.92 to 47.61 kHz, and the pulse duration decreases from 8.915 to 5.196 µs in the passively Q-switched operation. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first demonstration focusing on the modulation application of tellurene in designing Q-switched pulsed laser operations. Additionally, mode-locked operations were also achieved by adjusting the polarization state. The obtained results fully indicate that tellurene can be developed as an efficient SA for pulsed fiber lasers.
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