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Gurung AB, Chakraborty K, Ghosh S, Jan S, Gayen P, Biswas A, Mallick AM, Hembram M, Tripathi A, Mukherjee A, Mukherjee S, Mukherjee A, Bhattacharyya D, Sinha Roy R. Nanostructured lipopeptide-based membranomimetics for stabilizing bacteriorhodopsin. Biomater Sci 2024; 12:3582-3599. [PMID: 38904161 DOI: 10.1039/d4bm00250d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Nanostructured 7-9-residue cyclic and unstructured lipopeptide-based facial detergents have been engineered to stabilize the model integral membrane protein, bacteriorhodopsin. Formation of a cylindrical-type micelle assembly induced by facial amphipathic lipopeptides resembles a biological membrane more effectively than conventional micelles. The hydrophobic face of this cylindrical-type micelle provides extended stability to the membrane protein and the hydrophilic surface interacts with an aqueous environment. In our present study, we have demonstrated experimentally and computationally that lipopeptide-based facial detergents having an unstructured or β-turn conformation can stabilize membrane proteins. However, constrained peptide detergents can provide enhanced stability to bacteriorhodopsin. In this study, we have computationally examined the structural stability of bacteriorhodopsin in the presence of helical, beta-strand, and cyclic unstructured peptide detergents, and conventional detergent-like peptides. Our study demonstrates that optimal membranomimetics (detergents) for stabilizing a specific membrane protein can be screened based on the following criteria: (i) hydrodynamic radii of the self-assembled peptide detergents, (ii) stability assay of detergent-encased membrane proteins, (iii) percentage covered area of detergent-encased membrane proteins obtained computationally and (iv) protein-detergent interaction energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Bahadur Gurung
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur- 741246, West Bengal, India.
| | - Kasturee Chakraborty
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur- 741246, West Bengal, India.
| | - Snehasish Ghosh
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur- 741246, West Bengal, India
| | - Somnath Jan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur- 741246, West Bengal, India.
| | - Paramita Gayen
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur- 741246, West Bengal, India.
| | - Abhijit Biswas
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur- 741246, West Bengal, India
| | - Argha Mario Mallick
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur- 741246, West Bengal, India.
| | - Monjuri Hembram
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur- 741246, West Bengal, India.
| | - Archana Tripathi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur- 741246, West Bengal, India.
| | - Asmita Mukherjee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur- 741246, West Bengal, India.
| | - Sanchita Mukherjee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur- 741246, West Bengal, India.
| | - Arnab Mukherjee
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune, Pune, India.
| | - Dhananjay Bhattacharyya
- Computational Science Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kolkata, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata- 700064, India.
| | - Rituparna Sinha Roy
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur- 741246, West Bengal, India.
- Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur- 741246, West Bengal, India
- Centre for Climate and Environmental Studies, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur- 741246, West Bengal, India
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Le X, Gao T, Wang L, Wei F, Chen C, Zhao Y. Self-Assembly of Short Amphiphilic Peptides and Their Biomedical Applications. Curr Pharm Des 2022; 28:3546-3562. [PMID: 36424793 DOI: 10.2174/1381612829666221124103526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A series of functional biomaterials with different sizes and morphologies can be constructed through self-assembly, among which amphiphilic peptide-based materials have received intense attention. One main possible reason is that the short amphiphilic peptides can facilitate the formation of versatile materials and promote their further applications in different fields. Another reason is that the simple structure of amphiphilic peptides can help establish the structure-function relationship. This review highlights the recent advances in the self-assembly of two typical peptide species, surfactant-like peptides (SLPs) and peptides amphiphiles (PAs). These peptides can self-assemble into diverse nanostructures. The formation of these different nanostructures resulted from the delicate balance of varied non-covalent interactions. This review embraced each non-covalent interaction and then listed the typical routes for regulating these non-covalent interactions, then realized the morphologies modulation of the self-assemblies. Finally, their applications in some biomedical fields, such as the stabilization of membrane proteins, templating for nanofabrication and biomineralization, acting as the antibacterial and antitumor agents, hemostasis, and synthesis of melanin have been summarized. Further advances in the self-assembly of SLPs and PAs may focus on the design of functional materials with targeted properties and exploring their improved properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaosong Le
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing and the Centre for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, China University of Petroleum (East China), 66 Changjiang West Road, Qingdao266580, China
| | - Tianwen Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing and the Centre for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, China University of Petroleum (East China), 66 Changjiang West Road, Qingdao266580, China
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing and the Centre for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, China University of Petroleum (East China), 66 Changjiang West Road, Qingdao266580, China
| | - Feng Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing and the Centre for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, China University of Petroleum (East China), 66 Changjiang West Road, Qingdao266580, China
| | - Cuixia Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing and the Centre for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, China University of Petroleum (East China), 66 Changjiang West Road, Qingdao266580, China
| | - Yurong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing and the Centre for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, China University of Petroleum (East China), 66 Changjiang West Road, Qingdao266580, China
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3
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Banerjee A, Lu CY, Dutt M. A hybrid coarse-grained model for structure, solvation and assembly of lipid-like peptides. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 24:1553-1568. [PMID: 34940778 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp04205j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Reconstituted photosynthetic proteins which are activated upon exposure to solar energy hold enormous potential for powering future solid state devices and solar cells. The functionality and integration of these proteins into such devices has been successfully enabled by lipid-like peptides. Yet, a fundamental understanding of the organization of these peptides with respect to the photosynthetic proteins and themselves remains unknown and is critical for guiding the design of such light-activated devices. This study investigates the relative organization of one such peptide sequence V6K2 (V: valine and K: lysine) within assemblies. Given the expansive spatiotemporal scales associated with this study, a hybrid coarse-grained (CG) model which captures the structure, conformation and aggregation of the peptide is adopted. The CG model uses a combination of iterative Boltzmann inversion and force matching to provide insight into the relative organization of V6K2 in assemblies. The CG model reproduces the structure of a V6K2 peptide sequence along with its all atom (AA) solvation structure. The relative organization of multiple peptides in an assembly, as captured by CG simulations, is in agreement with corresponding results from AA simulations. Also, a backmapping procedure reintroduces the AA details of the peptides within the aggregates captured by the CG model to demonstrate the relative organization of the peptides. Furthermore, a large number of peptides self-assemble into an elongated micelle in the CG simulation, which is consistent with experimental findings. The coarse-graining procedure is tested for transferability to longer peptide sequences, and hence can be extended to other amphiphilic peptide sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akash Banerjee
- Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA.
| | - Chien Yu Lu
- Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA.
| | - Meenakshi Dutt
- Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA.
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4
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Liu L, Zhu Z, Zhou F, Xue D, Hu T, Luo W, Qiu Y, Wu D, Zhao F, Le Z, Tao H. Catalytically Cleavable Detergent for Membrane Protein Studies. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:21087-21093. [PMID: 34423216 PMCID: PMC8375090 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c02894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Throughout the in vitro studies of membrane proteins (MPs), proper detergents are essential for the preparation of stable aqueous samples. To date, universally applicable detergents have not yet been reported to accommodate the distinct requirements for the highly diversified MPs and at the different stages of MP manipulation. Detergent exchange often has to be performed. We report herein the catalytically cleavable detergents (CatCDs) that can be efficiently removed to facilitate a complete exchange. To this end, functional groups, like propargyl and allyl, are introduced as branched chains or built in the hydrophobic chain close to the hydrophilic head. The representative CatCDs can be used as usual detergents in the extraction and purification of MPs and later be removed upon the addition of catalytic palladium. Mediated by CatCD-1, reconstitution of a transporter protein MsbA into a series of detergents was achieved. The extension of these designs could facilitate the future optimization of other biophysics studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Liu
- Department
of Chemistry, Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Zhihao Zhu
- Department
of Chemistry, Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Fang Zhou
- iHuman
Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Y Building, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Dongxiang Xue
- iHuman
Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Y Building, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Tao Hu
- iHuman
Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Y Building, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Shanghai 201210, China
- School
of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech
University, L Building,
393 Middle Huaxia Road, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Weiling Luo
- iHuman
Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Y Building, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Shanghai 201210, China
- School
of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech
University, L Building,
393 Middle Huaxia Road, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Yanli Qiu
- iHuman
Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Y Building, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Shanghai 201210, China
- School
of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech
University, L Building,
393 Middle Huaxia Road, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Dong Wu
- iHuman
Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Y Building, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Fei Zhao
- iHuman
Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Y Building, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Zhiping Le
- Department
of Chemistry, Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Houchao Tao
- iHuman
Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Y Building, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Shanghai 201210, China
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5
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Teodor AH, Thal LB, Vijayakumar S, Chan M, Little G, Bruce BD. Photosystem I integrated into mesoporous microspheres has enhanced stability and photoactivity in biohybrid solar cells. Mater Today Bio 2021; 11:100122. [PMID: 34401709 PMCID: PMC8350420 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2021.100122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Isolated proteins, especially membrane proteins, are susceptible to aggregation and activity loss after purification. For therapeutics and biosensors usage, protein stability and longevity are especially important. It has been demonstrated that photosystem I (PSI) can be successfully integrated into biohybrid electronic devices to take advantage of its strong light-driven reducing potential (-1.2V vs. the Standard Hydrogen Electrode). Most devices utilize PSI isolated in a nanosize detergent micelle, which is difficult to visualize, quantitate, and manipulate. Isolated PSI is also susceptible to aggregation and/or loss of activity, especially after freeze/thaw cycles. CaCO3 microspheres (CCMs) have been shown to be a robust method of protein encapsulation for industrial and pharmaceutical applications, increasing the stability and activity of the encapsulated protein. However, CCMs have not been utilized with any membrane protein(s) to date. Herein, we examine the encapsulation of detergent-solubilized PSI in CCMs yielding uniform, monodisperse, mesoporous microspheres. This study reports both the first encapsulation of a membrane protein and also the largest protein to date stabilized by CCMs. These microspheres retain their spectral properties and lumenal surface exposure and are active when integrated into hybrid biophotovoltaic devices. CCMs may be a robust yet simple solution for long-term storage of large membrane proteins, showing success for very large, multisubunit complexes like PSI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra H. Teodor
- Program in Genome Sciences and Technology, Oak Ridge National Laboratory and University of Tennessee, Knoxville, USA
| | - Lucas B. Thal
- Department of Biochemistry & Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, USA
| | - Shinduri Vijayakumar
- Department of Biochemistry & Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, USA
| | - Madison Chan
- Department of Engineering Management, University of Tennessee, Chattanooga, USA
| | - Gabriela Little
- Department of Biochemistry & Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, USA
| | - Barry D. Bruce
- Program in Genome Sciences and Technology, Oak Ridge National Laboratory and University of Tennessee, Knoxville, USA
- Department of Biochemistry & Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, USA
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6
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Peng F, Chen Y, Liu J, Xing Z, Fan J, Zhang W, Qiu F. Facile design of gemini surfactant-like peptide for hydrophobic drug delivery and antimicrobial activity. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 591:314-325. [PMID: 33621783 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Recently, many kinds of gemini-type amphiphilic peptides have been designed and shown their advantage as self-assembling nanomaterials. In this study, we proposed a simple strategy to design gemini surfactant-like peptides, which are only composed of natural amino acids and can be easily obtained by conventional peptide sythnesis. Taking two prolines as the turn-forming units, a peptide named APK was designed. The petide has a linear sequence but naturally takes the conformation like a gemini surfactant. Compared with a single-tailed surfactant-like peptide A6K, APK showed much stronger ability to undergo self-assembly and to encapsulate hydrophobic pyrene. Several hydrophobic drugs including paclitaxel, doxorubicin, etomidate and propofol were encapsulated by APK, and the corresponding formulations showed anti-tumor or anesthetic efficacy comparable to their respective clinical formulations. Furthermore, APK could inhibit the growth of different microorganisms including E. coli, S. aureus and C. albicans. Etomidate and propofol formulations encapsulated by APK also showed strong antimicrobial activity. Taking APK as an example, our study indicated a straightforward strategy to design gemini surfactant-like peptides, which could be potential nanomaterials for exploring hydrophobic drug formulations with efficacy, safety and self-antimicrobial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Peng
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yongzhu Chen
- Periodical Press of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhihua Xing
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jing Fan
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Wensheng Zhang
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Feng Qiu
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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Dilip H, Chakraborty D. Structural and dynamical properties of water in surfactant-like peptide-based nanotubes: Effect of pore size, tube length and charge. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.115033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Kim SI, Kim YJ, Hong H, Yun J, Ryu W. Electrosprayed Thylakoid-Alginate Film on a Micro-Pillar Electrode for Scalable Photosynthetic Energy Harvesting. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:54683-54693. [PMID: 33226773 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c15993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Direct harvesting of electricity from photosynthesis is highly desired as an eco-friendly and sustainable energy harvesting technology. Photosynthetic apparatuses isolated from plants, such as thylakoid membranes (TMs), are deposited on an electrode by which photosynthetic electrons (PEs) are collected from water splitting. To enhance PE collection efficiency, it is critical to increase the electrochemical interfaces between TMs and the electrode. Considering the size of TMs to be around a few hundred nanometer, we hypothesize that an array of micropillar-shaped (MP) electrode can maximize the TM/electrode interface area. Thus, we developed MP electrodes with different heights and investigated the electrospraying of TM-alginate mixtures to fill the gaps between MPs uniformly and conformally. The uniformity of the TM-alginate film and the interaction between the TM and the MP electrode were evaluated to understand how the MP heights and film quality influenced the magnitude of the PE currents. PE currents increased up to 2.4 times for an MP electrode with an A/R of 1.8 compared to a flat electrode, indicating increased direct contact interface between TMs and the electrode. Furthermore, to demonstrate the scalability of this approach, an array of replicated SU-8 MP electrodes was prepared and PE currents of up to 3.2 μA were monitored without a mediator under 68 mW/cm2. Finally, the PE current harvesting was sustained for 14 days without decay, demonstrating the long-term stability of the TM-alginate biophotoanodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seon Il Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Yonsei-ro 50, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Jae Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Yonsei-ro 50, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeonaug Hong
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Yonsei-ro 50, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - JaeHyoung Yun
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Yonsei-ro 50, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - WonHyoung Ryu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Yonsei-ro 50, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
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9
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Gelain F, Luo Z, Zhang S. Self-Assembling Peptide EAK16 and RADA16 Nanofiber Scaffold Hydrogel. Chem Rev 2020; 120:13434-13460. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Gelain
- Institute for Stem-cell Biology, Regenerative Medicine and Innovative Therapies, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, 71013, Italy
- Center for Nanomedicine and Tissue Engineering, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Piazza dell’Ospedale Maggiore, 3, Milan 20162, Italy
| | - Zhongli Luo
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Shuguang Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular Architecture, Media Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, United States
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10
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Zhang S. Self-assembling peptides: From a discovery in a yeast protein to diverse uses and beyond. Protein Sci 2020; 29:2281-2303. [PMID: 32939884 PMCID: PMC7586918 DOI: 10.1002/pro.3951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Well-defined nanofiber scaffold hydrogels made of self-assembling peptides have found their way into various 3D tissue culture and clinical products. I reflect initial puzzlement of the unexpected discovery, gradual understanding of how these peptides undergo self-assembly, to eventually translating designer biological scaffolds into commercial products. Peptides are ubiquitous in nature and useful in many fields. They are found as hormones, pheromones, antibacterial, and antifungal agents in innate immunity systems, toxins, as well anti-inset pesticides. However, the concept of peptides as materials was not recognized until 1990 when a self-assembling peptide as a repeating segment in a yeast protein was serendipitously discovered. The peptide materials have bona fide materials properties and are made from simple amino acids with well-ordered nanostructures under physiological conditions. Some current applications include: (a) Real 3D tissue cell cultures of diverse tissue cells and various stem cells; (b) reparative and regenerative medicine as well as tissue engineering; (c) 3D tissue printing; (d) sustained releases of small molecules, growth factors and monoclonal antibodies; and (e) accelerated wound healing of skin and diabetic ulcers as well as instant hemostasis in surgery. Self-assembling peptide nanobiotechnology will likely continue to expand in many directions in the coming years. I will also briefly introduce my current research using a simple QTY code for membrane protein design. I am greatly honored and humbled to be invited to contribute an Award Winner Recollection of the 2020 Emil Thomas Kaiser Award from the Protein Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuguang Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular ArchitectureMedia Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology77 Massachusetts Avenue E15‐391CambridgeMassachusetts02139‐4306USA
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11
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Surfactant-like peptides: From molecular design to controllable self-assembly with applications. Coord Chem Rev 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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12
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Abstract
The biological process of photosynthesis was critical in catalyzing the oxygenation of Earth’s atmosphere 2.5 billion years ago, changing the course of development of life on Earth. Recently, the fields of applied and synthetic photosynthesis have utilized the light-driven protein–pigment supercomplexes central to photosynthesis for the photocatalytic production of fuel and other various valuable products. The reaction center Photosystem I is of particular interest in applied photosynthesis due to its high stability post-purification, non-geopolitical limitation, and its ability to generate the greatest reducing power found in nature. These remarkable properties have been harnessed for the photocatalytic production of a number of valuable products in the applied photosynthesis research field. These primarily include photocurrents and molecular hydrogen as fuels. The use of artificial reaction centers to generate substrates and reducing equivalents to drive non-photoactive enzymes for valuable product generation has been a long-standing area of interest in the synthetic photosynthesis research field. In this review, we cover advances in these areas and further speculate synthetic and applied photosynthesis as photocatalysts for the generation of valuable products.
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13
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Teodor AH, Bruce BD. Putting Photosystem I to Work: Truly Green Energy. Trends Biotechnol 2020; 38:1329-1342. [PMID: 32448469 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2020.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Meeting growing energy demands sustainably is one of the greatest challenges facing the world. The sun strikes the Earth with sufficient energy in 1.5 h to meet annual world energy demands, likely making solar energy conversion part of future sustainable energy production plans. Photosynthetic organisms have been evolving solar energy utilization strategies for nearly 3.5 billion years, making reaction centers including the remarkably stable Photosystem I (PSI) especially interesting for biophotovoltaic device integration. Although these biohybrid devices have steadily improved, their output remains low compared with traditional photovoltaics. We discuss strategies and methods to improve PSI-based biophotovoltaics, focusing on PSI-surface interaction enhancement, electrolytes, and light-harvesting enhancement capabilities. Desirable features and current drawbacks to PSI-based devices are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra H Teodor
- Graduate School of Genome Science and Technology, University of Tennessee at Knoxville, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA
| | - Barry D Bruce
- Graduate School of Genome Science and Technology, University of Tennessee at Knoxville, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA; Department of Biochemistry, Cellular, and Molecular Biology, University of Tennessee at Knoxville, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee at Knoxville, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.
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14
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Kehlenbeck DM, Josts I, Nitsche J, Busch S, Forsyth VT, Tidow H. Comparison of lipidic carrier systems for integral membrane proteins - MsbA as case study. Biol Chem 2020; 400:1509-1518. [PMID: 31141477 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2019-0171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Membrane protein research suffers from the drawback that detergents, which are commonly used to solubilize integral membrane proteins (IMPs), often lead to protein instability and reduced activity. Recently, lipid nanodiscs (NDs) and saposin-lipoprotein particles (Salipro) have emerged as alternative carrier systems that keep membrane proteins in a native-like lipidic solution environment and are suitable for biophysical and structural studies. Here, we systematically compare nanodiscs and Salipros with respect to long-term stability as well as activity and stability of the incorporated membrane protein using the ABC transporter MsbA as model system. Our results show that both systems are suitable for activity measurements as well as structural studies in solution. Based on our results we suggest screening of different lipids with respect to activity and stability of the incorporated IMP before performing structural studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominique-Maurice Kehlenbeck
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging and Department of Chemistry, Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Inokentijs Josts
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging and Department of Chemistry, Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Julius Nitsche
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging and Department of Chemistry, Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Busch
- German Engineering Materials Science Centre (GEMS) at Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Lichtenbergstr. 1, 85747 Garching bei München, Germany
| | - V Trevor Forsyth
- Life Sciences Group, Institut Laue-Langevin, 6 Rue Jules Horowitz, 38042 Grenoble, France.,School of Life Sciences, Keele University, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, England
| | - Henning Tidow
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging and Department of Chemistry, Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
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15
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Abstract
Dramatic changes in electricity generation, use and storage are needed to keep pace with increasing demand while reducing carbon dioxide emissions. There is great potential for application of bioengineering in this area. We have the tools to re-engineer biological molecules and systems, and a significant amount of research and development is being carried out on technologies such as biophotovoltaics, biocapacitors, biofuel cells and biobatteries. However, there does not seem to be a satisfactory overarching term to describe this area, and I propose a new word-'electrosynbionics'. This is to be defined as: the creation of engineered devices that use components derived from or inspired by biology to perform a useful electrical function. Here, the phrase 'electrical function' is taken to mean the generation, use and storage of electricity, where the primary charge carriers may be either electrons or ions. 'Electrosynbionics' is distinct from 'bioelectronics', which normally relates to applications in sensing, computing or electroceuticals. Electrosynbionic devices have the potential to solve challenges in electricity generation, use and storage by exploiting or mimicking some of the desirable attributes of biological systems, including high efficiency, benign operating conditions and intricate molecular structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine E Dunn
- School of Engineering, Institute for Bioengineering, University of Edinburgh, The King's Buildings, Edinburgh, EH9 3DW, Scotland, United Kingdom
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16
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Zabelin AA, Shkuropatova VA, Shuvalov VA, Shkuropatov AY. Spectral and Photochemical Properties of Rhodobacter sphaeroides R-26 Reaction Center Films in Vacuum. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2019; 84:1107-1115. [PMID: 31693470 DOI: 10.1134/s000629791909013x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Using absorption spectroscopy in the visible/near-IR and mid-IR regions, spectral and photochemical properties of isolated reaction centers (RCs) from Rhodobacter sphaeroides R-26 were studied in dried films on the inorganic support surface (quartz or CaF2 plates) under vacuum dehydration conditions (10-2 or 7·10-5 mm Hg). Three detergents, N,N-dimethyldodecylamine N-oxide (LDAO), Triton X-100 (TX100), and n-dodecyl-β-D-maltoside (DM), were tested for their ability to stabilize the RC-detergent complexes in the vacuum-dried state. It was shown that in the presence of LDAO, RC complexes underwent destruction in vacuum. In contrast, DM provided an environment that minimized irreversible disruptive changes in the RCs in vacuum. The effects of vacuum dehydration on the RC-DM films included a small increase in the content of α-helices in the RC protein, a short-wavelength reversible shift in the optical transitions of pigments, and minor changes in the electronic structure of the P+ dimer. The films retained their photochemical activity upon excitation with high-intensity light (200 mW/cm2). TX100 also helped to maintain spectral and functional properties of the RCs in vacuum; however, in this case, the stabilizing effect was less pronounced than in the presence of DM, especially, at high detergent concentrations. The results are discussed within the framework of a model suggesting that the detergent-protein interactions and the properties of detergent micelles play a dominant role in maintaining the structure of the RCs upon vacuum dehydration of the RC complexes. The obtained data can be useful for developing hybrid photoconverting systems based on bacterial RCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Zabelin
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems, Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia.
| | - V A Shkuropatova
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems, Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia
| | - V A Shuvalov
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems, Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia
| | - A Ya Shkuropatov
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems, Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia
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17
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Crowet JM, Nasir MN, Dony N, Deschamps A, Stroobant V, Morsomme P, Deleu M, Soumillion P, Lins L. Insight into the Self-Assembling Properties of Peptergents: A Molecular Dynamics Simulation Study. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19092772. [PMID: 30223492 PMCID: PMC6163580 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
By manipulating the various physicochemical properties of amino acids, the design of peptides with specific self-assembling properties has been emerging for more than a decade. In this context, short peptides possessing detergent properties (so-called "peptergents") have been developed to self-assemble into well-ordered nanostructures that can stabilize membrane proteins for crystallization. In this study, the peptide with "peptergency" properties, called ADA8 and extensively described by Tao et al., is studied by molecular dynamic simulations for its self-assembling properties in different conditions. In water, it spontaneously forms beta sheets with a β barrel-like structure. We next simulated the interaction of this peptide with a membrane protein, the bacteriorhodopsin, in the presence or absence of a micelle of dodecylphosphocholine. According to the literature, the peptergent ADA8 is thought to generate a belt of β structures around the hydrophobic helical domain that could help stabilize purified membrane proteins. Molecular dynamic simulations are here used to image this mechanism and provide further molecular details for the replacement of detergent molecules around the protein. In addition, we generalized this behavior by designing an amphipathic peptide with beta propensity, which was called ABZ12. Both peptides are able to surround the membrane protein and displace surfactant molecules. To our best knowledge, this is the first molecular mechanism proposed for "peptergency".
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Marc Crowet
- Laboratoire de Biophysique Moléculaire aux Interfaces, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Passage des déportés 2, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium.
| | - Mehmet Nail Nasir
- Laboratoire de Biophysique Moléculaire aux Interfaces, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Passage des déportés 2, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium.
| | - Nicolas Dony
- Laboratoire de Biophysique Moléculaire aux Interfaces, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Passage des déportés 2, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium.
| | - Antoine Deschamps
- Institut des Sciences de la Vie, Université catholique de Louvain, 4-5 Place Croix du Sud, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
| | - Vincent Stroobant
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, de Duve Institute and Université Catholique de Louvain, 75 Avenue Hippocrate, 1200 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Pierre Morsomme
- Institut des Sciences de la Vie, Université catholique de Louvain, 4-5 Place Croix du Sud, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
| | - Magali Deleu
- Laboratoire de Biophysique Moléculaire aux Interfaces, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Passage des déportés 2, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium.
| | - Patrice Soumillion
- Institut des Sciences de la Vie, Université catholique de Louvain, 4-5 Place Croix du Sud, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
| | - Laurence Lins
- Laboratoire de Biophysique Moléculaire aux Interfaces, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Passage des déportés 2, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium.
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18
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Qiu F, Chen Y, Tang C, Zhao X. Amphiphilic peptides as novel nanomaterials: design, self-assembly and application. Int J Nanomedicine 2018; 13:5003-5022. [PMID: 30214203 PMCID: PMC6128269 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s166403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Designer self-assembling peptides are a category of emerging nanobiomaterials which have been widely investigated in the past decades. In this field, amphiphilic peptides have received special attention for their simplicity in design and versatility in application. This review focuses on recent progress in designer amphiphilic peptides, trying to give a comprehensive overview about this special type of self-assembling peptides. By exploring published studies on several typical types of amphiphilic peptides in recent years, herein we discuss in detail the basic design, self-assembling behaviors and the mechanism of amphiphilic peptides, as well as how their nanostructures are affected by the peptide characteristics or environmental parameters. The applications of these peptides as potential nanomaterials for nanomedicine and nanotechnology are also summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Qiu
- Laboratory of Anaesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Translational Neuroscience Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China, .,Institute for Nanobiomedical Technology and Membrane Biology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China, ,
| | - Yongzhu Chen
- Institute for Nanobiomedical Technology and Membrane Biology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China, , .,Periodical Press of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Chengkang Tang
- Institute for Nanobiomedical Technology and Membrane Biology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China, , .,Core Facility of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiaojun Zhao
- Institute for Nanobiomedical Technology and Membrane Biology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China, ,
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19
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Biohybrid solar cells: Fundamentals, progress, and challenges. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY C-PHOTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2018.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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20
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Edwards-Gayle CJC, Hamley IW. Self-assembly of bioactive peptides, peptide conjugates, and peptide mimetic materials. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 15:5867-5876. [PMID: 28661532 DOI: 10.1039/c7ob01092c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Molecular self-assembly is a multi-disciplinary field of research, with potential chemical and biological applications. One of the main driving forces of self-assembly is molecular amphiphilicity, which can drive formation of complex and stable nanostructures. Self-assembling peptide and peptide conjugates have attracted great attention due to their biocompatibility, biodegradability and biofunctionality. Understanding assembly enables the better design of peptide amphiphiles which may form useful and functional nanostructures. This review covers self-assembly of amphiphilic peptides and peptide mimetic materials, as well as their potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ian W Hamley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6AD, UK.
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21
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Abstract
Peptides are ubiquitous in nature and useful in many fields, from agriculture as pesticides, in medicine as antibacterial and antifungal drugs founded in the innate immune systems, to medicinal chemistry as hormones. However, the concept of peptides as materials was not recognized until 1990 when a self-assembling peptide as a repeating segment in a yeast protein was serendipitously discovered. Peptide materials are so called because they have bona fide materials property and are made from simple amino acids with well-ordered nanostructures under physiological conditions. These structures include well-ordered nanofibres, nanotubes and nanovesicles. These peptide materials have been used for: (i) three-dimensional tissue cell cultures of primary cells and stem cells, (ii) three-dimensional tissue printing, (iii) sustained releases of small molecules, growth factors, monoclonal antibody and siRNA, (iv) accelerated wound healing in reparative and regenerative medicine as well as tissue engineering, (v) used to stabilize membrane proteins including difficult G-protein coupled receptors and photosystem I for designing nanobiodevices, (vi) a few self-assembling peptides have been used in human clinical trials for accelerated wound healings in surgical uses and (vii) in human clinical trials for siRNA delivery for treatment of cancers. It is likely that these self-assembling peptides will open doors for more and more diverse uses. The field of self-assembling peptides is growing in a number of directions in areas of materials, synthetic biology, and clinical medicine and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuguang Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular Architecture, Canter for Bits and Atoms, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139-4307, USA
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22
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Veith K, Martinez Molledo M, Almeida Hernandez Y, Josts I, Nitsche J, Löw C, Tidow H. Lipid-like Peptides can Stabilize Integral Membrane Proteins for Biophysical and Structural Studies. Chembiochem 2017; 18:1735-1742. [PMID: 28603929 PMCID: PMC5601290 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201700235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A crucial bottleneck in membrane protein structural biology is the difficulty in identifying a detergent that can maintain the stability and functionality of integral membrane proteins (IMPs). Detergents are poor membrane mimics, and their common use in membrane protein crystallography may be one reason for the challenges in obtaining high-resolution crystal structures of many IMP families. Lipid-like peptides (LLPs) have detergent-like properties and have been proposed as alternatives for the solubilization of G protein-coupled receptors and other membrane proteins. Here, we systematically analyzed the stabilizing effect of LLPs on integral membrane proteins of different families. We found that LLPs could significantly stabilize detergent-solubilized IMPs in vitro. This stabilizing effect depended on the chemical nature of the LLP and the intrinsic stability of a particular IMP in the detergent. Our results suggest that screening a subset of LLPs is sufficient to stabilize a particular IMP, which can have a substantial impact on the crystallization and quality of the crystal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Veith
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast ImagingDepartment of ChemistryInstitute for Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of HamburgMartin-Luther-King-Platz 620146HamburgGermany
| | - Maria Martinez Molledo
- Centre for Structural Systems Biology (CSSB)DESY and European Molecular Biology Laboratory HamburgNotkestrasse 8522607HamburgGermany
| | - Yasser Almeida Hernandez
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast ImagingDepartment of ChemistryInstitute for Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of HamburgMartin-Luther-King-Platz 620146HamburgGermany
| | - Inokentijs Josts
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast ImagingDepartment of ChemistryInstitute for Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of HamburgMartin-Luther-King-Platz 620146HamburgGermany
| | - Julius Nitsche
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast ImagingDepartment of ChemistryInstitute for Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of HamburgMartin-Luther-King-Platz 620146HamburgGermany
| | - Christian Löw
- Centre for Structural Systems Biology (CSSB)DESY and European Molecular Biology Laboratory HamburgNotkestrasse 8522607HamburgGermany
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and BiophysicsKarolinska InstitutetScheeles väg 217177StockholmSweden
| | - Henning Tidow
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast ImagingDepartment of ChemistryInstitute for Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of HamburgMartin-Luther-King-Platz 620146HamburgGermany
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23
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Saha A, Mohapatra S, Das G, Jana B, Ghosh S, Bhunia D, Ghosh S. Cancer Cell Specific Delivery of Photosystem I Through Integrin Targeted Liposome Shows Significant Anticancer Activity. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:176-188. [PMID: 27996239 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b13352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Many anticancer drugs are developed for the treatment of cancer from natural sources. Photosystem I (PSI), a protein complex present in the chloroplast, is involved in photosynthesis and generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) in plant. Here, we used the ROS generation property of PSI for cancer therapy. We show that PSI can enter into different kinds of cancer cell like human lung carcinoma (A549) and mouse melanoma (B16F10) cell lines and generate ROS inside the cells. It inhibits the proliferation of cancer cell and causes apoptotic death of cancer cells. We also show that PSI induces apoptosis through mitochondria-dependent internal pathway, induces caspase3, causes DNA fragmentation, and arrests cell cycle at SubG0 phase. We also prepared, using C16-LDV lipopeptide [C16 long chain attached on the N-terminal of the tripeptide containing amino acids leucine (L), aspartic acid (D), and valine (V) abbreviated as NH2-LDV-COOH], α4β1 integrin targeted liposomal formulation of PSI, which specifically kills the cancer cell without affecting normal cells, and it is found to be more potent compared to clinically used drug doxorubicin. Finally, we found that LDV liposomal formulation of PSI inhibits the growth of tumor in C57BL/6J mice model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhijit Saha
- Organic & Medicinal Chemistry Division and ‡Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology , 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Saswat Mohapatra
- Organic & Medicinal Chemistry Division and ‡Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology , 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Gaurav Das
- Organic & Medicinal Chemistry Division and ‡Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology , 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Batakrishna Jana
- Organic & Medicinal Chemistry Division and ‡Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology , 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Subhajit Ghosh
- Organic & Medicinal Chemistry Division and ‡Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology , 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Debmalya Bhunia
- Organic & Medicinal Chemistry Division and ‡Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology , 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Surajit Ghosh
- Organic & Medicinal Chemistry Division and ‡Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology , 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
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24
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Lacey RF, Binder BM. Ethylene Regulates the Physiology of the Cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 via an Ethylene Receptor. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 171:2798-809. [PMID: 27246094 PMCID: PMC4972284 DOI: 10.1104/pp.16.00602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/28/2016] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Ethylene is a plant hormone that plays a crucial role in the growth and development of plants. The ethylene receptors in plants are well studied, and it is generally assumed that they are found only in plants. In a search of sequenced genomes, we found that many bacterial species contain putative ethylene receptors. Plants acquired many proteins from cyanobacteria as a result of the endosymbiotic event that led to chloroplasts. We provide data that the cyanobacterium Synechocystis (Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803) has a functional receptor for ethylene, Synechocystis Ethylene Response1 (SynEtr1). We first show that SynEtr1 directly binds ethylene. Second, we demonstrate that application of ethylene to Synechocystis cells or disruption of the SynEtr1 gene affects several processes, including phototaxis, type IV pilus biosynthesis, photosystem II levels, biofilm formation, and spontaneous cell sedimentation. Our data suggest a model where SynEtr1 inhibits downstream signaling and ethylene inhibits SynEtr1. This is similar to the inverse-agonist model of ethylene receptor signaling proposed for plants and suggests a conservation of structure and function that possibly originated over 1 billion years ago. Prior research showed that SynEtr1 also contains a light-responsive phytochrome-like domain. Thus, SynEtr1 is a bifunctional receptor that mediates responses to both light and ethylene. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of a functional ethylene receptor in a nonplant species and suggests that that the perception of ethylene is more widespread than previously thought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randy F Lacey
- Department of Biochemistry and Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996-0840
| | - Brad M Binder
- Department of Biochemistry and Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996-0840
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25
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Ye JC, Qin Y, Wu YF, Wang P, Tang Y, Huang L, Ma MJ, Zeng YS, Shen HY. Using primate neural stem cells cultured in self-assembling peptide nanofiber scaffolds to repair injured spinal cords in rats. Spinal Cord 2016; 54:933-941. [PMID: 27001129 DOI: 10.1038/sc.2016.36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Revised: 01/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Transplanted primates' neural stem cells (NSCs) tissue engineering complex into spinal cord injury (SCI) model rats, analyze and evaluate the long-term effects of repairing. OBJECTIVES Primate NSCs were cultured in self-assembling peptide nanofiber scaffolds to repair SCI. SETTING Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, China. METHODS Primate NSCs were isolated and cultured in self-assembling peptide nanofiber scaffolds. T10 SCI model was established; the rats were randomly divided into four groups: NSC plus self-assembling peptide scaffold group; NSC group; self-assembling peptide scaffold group; and control group. Immunohistochemical staining and electronic microscope were used to investigate the growth and differentiation of transplanted NSCs. The motor function of the hind limbs of rats was evaluated (P<0.05 was considered as statistically significant). RESULTS NSCs and NSCs cultured in self-assembling peptide nanofiber scaffolds could be induced to differentiation into neurons, glial cells and oligodendrocytes in vitro. The primate NSC culture was established in self-assembling peptide scaffolds. No significant difference was seen in the differentiation rate between primate NSCs cultured in self-assembling peptide nanofiber scaffolds and primate NSCs cultured in regular medium. The motor function of the hind limbs in the NSC plus self-assembling peptide scaffold group was significantly better than that of the other three groups. In addition, the NSCs of the NSC group mainly differentiated into astrocytes. CONCLUSION Transplantation of primate NSCs cultured in self-assembling peptide scaffolds is efficient for repairing the injured spinal cord and for improving the motor function of spinal cord in rats. SPONSORSHIP The National Natural Science Foundation of China; Science and Technology Office of Guangdong Province.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-C Ye
- Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou China
| | - Y Qin
- Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou China.,Department of Orthopedics, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Zhuhai, China
| | - Y-F Wu
- Biotherapy Centre, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - P Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou China
| | - Y Tang
- Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou China
| | - L Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou China
| | - M-J Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou China
| | - Y-S Zeng
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - H-Y Shen
- Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou China
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26
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Paradís-Bas M, Tulla-Puche J, Albericio F. The road to the synthesis of "difficult peptides". Chem Soc Rev 2015; 45:631-54. [PMID: 26612670 DOI: 10.1039/c5cs00680e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The last decade has witnessed a renaissance of peptides as drugs. This progress, together with advances in the structural behavior of peptides, has attracted the interest of the pharmaceutical industry in these molecules as potential APIs. In the past, major peptide-based drugs were inspired by sequences extracted from natural structures of low molecular weight. In contrast, nowadays, the peptides being studied by academic and industrial groups comprise more sophisticated sequences. For instance, they consist of long amino acid chains and show a high tendency to form aggregates. Some researchers have claimed that preparing medium-sized proteins is now feasible with chemical ligation techniques, in contrast to medium-sized peptide syntheses. The complexity associated with the synthesis of certain peptides is exemplified by the so-called "difficult peptides", a concept introduced in the 80's. This refers to sequences that show inter- or intra-molecular β-sheet interactions significant enough to form aggregates during peptide synthesis. These structural associations are stabilized and mediated by non-covalent hydrogen bonds that arise on the backbone of the peptide and-depending on the sequence-are favored. The tendency of peptide chains to aggregate is translated into a list of common behavioral features attributed to "difficult peptides" which hinder their synthesis. In this regard, this manuscript summarizes the strategies used to overcome the inherent difficulties associated with the synthesis of known "difficult peptides". Here we evaluate several external factors, as well as methods to incorporate chemical modifications into sequences, in order to describe the strategies that are effective for the synthesis of "difficult peptides". These approaches have been classified and ordered to provide an extensive guide for achieving the synthesis of peptides with the aforementioned features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Paradís-Bas
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Baldiri Reixac 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
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28
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Tarakeshwar P, Palma JL, Holland GP, Fromme P, Yarger JL, Mujica V. Probing the Nature of Charge Transfer at Nano-Bio Interfaces: Peptides on Metal Oxide Nanoparticles. J Phys Chem Lett 2014; 5:3555-3559. [PMID: 26278609 DOI: 10.1021/jz501854x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Characterizing the nano-bio interface has been a long-standing endeavor in the quest for novel biosensors, biophotovoltaics, and biocompatible electronic devices. In this context, the present computational work on the interaction of two peptides, A6K (Ac-AAAAAAK-NH2) and A7 (Ac-AAAAAAA-NH2) with semiconducting TiO2 nanoparticles is an effort to understand the peptide-metal oxide nanointerface. These investigations were spurred by recent experimental observations that nanostructured semiconducting metal oxides templated with A6K peptides not only stabilize large proteins like photosystem-I (PS-I) but also exhibit enhanced charge-transfer characteristics. Our results indicate that α-helical structures of A6K are not only energetically more stabilized on TiO2 nanoparticles, but the resulting hybrids also exhibit enhanced electron transfer characteristics. This enhancement can be attributed to substantial changes in the electronic characteristics at the peptide-TiO2 interface. Apart from understanding the mechanism of electron transfer (ET) in peptide-stabilized PS-I on metal oxide nanoparticles, the current work also has implications in the development of novel solar cells and photocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilarisetty Tarakeshwar
- †Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1604, United States
| | - Julio L Palma
- ‡Center for Biosensors and Bioelectronics, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-5001, United States
| | - Gregory P Holland
- §Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, California 92182-1030, United States
| | - Petra Fromme
- †Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1604, United States
| | - Jeffery L Yarger
- †Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1604, United States
| | - Vladimiro Mujica
- †Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1604, United States
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29
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Harris BJ, Cheng X, Frymier P. All-atom molecular dynamics simulation of a photosystem i/detergent complex. J Phys Chem B 2014; 118:11633-45. [PMID: 25233289 DOI: 10.1021/jp507157e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
All-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulation was used to investigate the solution structure and dynamics of the photosynthetic pigment-protein complex photosystem I (PSI) from Thermosynechococcus elongatus embedded in a toroidal belt of n-dodecyl-β-d-maltoside (DDM) detergent. Evaluation of root-mean-square deviations (RMSDs) relative to the known crystal structure show that the protein complex surrounded by DDM molecules is stable during the 200 ns simulation time, and root-mean-square fluctuation (RMSF) analysis indicates that regions of high local mobility correspond to solvent-exposed regions such as turns in the transmembrane α-helices and flexible loops on the stromal and lumenal faces. Comparing the protein-detergent complex to a pure detergent micelle, the detergent surrounding the PSI trimer is found to be less densely packed but with more ordered detergent tails, contrary to what is seen in most lipid bilayer models. We also investigated any functional implications for the observed conformational dynamics and protein-detergent interactions, discovering interesting structural changes in the psaL subunits associated with maintaining the trimeric structure of the protein. Importantly, we find that the docking of soluble electron mediators such as cytochrome c6 and ferredoxin to PSI is not significantly impacted by the solubilization of PSI in detergent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley J Harris
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, ‡Department of Biochemistry and Cellular and Molecular Biology, §Sustainable Energy Education and Research Center, and ∥Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Graduate Education, University of Tennessee , Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
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30
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Chen C, Gu Y, Deng L, Han S, Sun X, Chen Y, Lu JR, Xu H. Tuning gelation kinetics and mechanical rigidity of β-hairpin peptide hydrogels via hydrophobic amino acid substitutions. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:14360-14368. [PMID: 25087842 DOI: 10.1021/am5036303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Self-assembling peptide hydrogels with faster gelation kinetics and higher mechanical rigidity are favorable for their practical applications. A design strategy to control the folding, self-assembly, and hydrogelation of β-hairpin peptides via hydrophobic amino acid substitutions has been explored in this study. Isoleucine has higher hydrophobicity and stronger propensity for β-sheet hydrogen bonding than valine. After the valine residues of MAX1 (VKVKVKVKV(D)PPTKVKVKVKV-NH2) were replaced with isoleucines, oscillatory rheometry and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy characterizations indicated that the variants had clearly faster self-assembly and hydrogelation rates and that the resulting gels displayed higher mechanical stiffness. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) indicated the parent MAX1 and its variants all formed networks of long and entangled fibrils with the similar diameters of ∼3 nm, suggesting little effect of hydrophobic substitutions on the self-assembled morphology. The MAX1I8 (IKIKIKIKV(D)PPTKIKIKIKI-NH2) hydrogel showed the fastest gelation rate (within 5 min) and the highest gel rigidity with the series, supporting the homogeneous cell distribution within its 3D scaffold. In addition, the MAX1I8 hydrogel showed quick shear-thinning and rapid recovery upon cessation of shear strain, and the MTT and immunological assays indicated its low cytotoxicity and good biocompatibility. These features are highly attractive for its widespread use in 3D cell culturing and regenerative medical treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuixia Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing and the Centre for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, China University of Petroleum (East China) , 66 Changjiang West Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266580, China
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31
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Gordiichuk PI, Wetzelaer GJAH, Rimmerman D, Gruszka A, de Vries JW, Saller M, Gautier DA, Catarci S, Pesce D, Richter S, Blom PWM, Herrmann A. Solid-state biophotovoltaic cells containing photosystem I. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2014; 26:4863-9. [PMID: 24862686 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201401135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2014] [Revised: 04/17/2014] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The large multiprotein complex, photosystem I (PSI), which is at the heart of light-dependent reactions in photosynthesis, is integrated as the active component in a solid-state organic photovoltaic cell. These experiments demonstrate that photoactive megadalton protein complexes are compatible with solution processing of organic-semiconductor materials and operate in a dry non-natural environment that is very different from the biological membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavlo I Gordiichuk
- Polymer Chemistry and Bioengineering Group, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
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32
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Le RK, Harris BJ, Iwuchukwu IJ, Bruce BD, Cheng X, Qian S, Heller WT, O’Neill H, Frymier PD. Analysis of the solution structure of Thermosynechococcus elongatus photosystem I in n-dodecyl-β-d-maltoside using small-angle neutron scattering and molecular dynamics simulation. Arch Biochem Biophys 2014; 550-551:50-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2014.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2014] [Accepted: 04/15/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Bhushan B, Luo D, Schricker SR, Sigmund W, Zauscher S. Hierarchical Self-Assembled Peptide Nano-ensembles. HANDBOOK OF NANOMATERIALS PROPERTIES 2014. [PMCID: PMC7123264 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-31107-9_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A variety of peptides can be self-assembled, i.e. self-organized spontaneously, into large and complex hierarchical structures, reproducibly by regulating a range of parameters that can be environment driven, process driven, or peptide driven. These supramolecular peptide aggregates yield different shapes and structures like nanofibers, nanotubes, nanobelts, nanowires, nanotapes, and micelles. These peptide nanostructures represent a category of materials that bridge biotechnology and nanotechnology and are found suitable not only for biomedical applications such as tissue engineering and drug delivery but also in nanoelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharat Bhushan
- Nanoprobe Laboratory for Bio- & Nanotechnology and Biomimetics, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio USA
| | - Dan Luo
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York USA
| | - Scott R. Schricker
- Division of Restorative, Prosthetic and Primary Care, The Ohio State University, College of Dentistry, Columbus, Ohio USA
| | - Wolfgang Sigmund
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida USA
| | - Stefan Zauscher
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina USA
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Li M, Semchonok DA, Boekema EJ, Bruce BD. Characterization and evolution of tetrameric photosystem I from the thermophilic cyanobacterium Chroococcidiopsis sp TS-821. THE PLANT CELL 2014; 26:1230-45. [PMID: 24681621 PMCID: PMC4001380 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.113.120782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2013] [Revised: 03/09/2014] [Accepted: 03/13/2014] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Photosystem I (PSI) is a reaction center associated with oxygenic photosynthesis. Unlike the monomeric reaction centers in green and purple bacteria, PSI forms trimeric complexes in most cyanobacteria with a 3-fold rotational symmetry that is primarily stabilized via adjacent PsaL subunits; however, in plants/algae, PSI is monomeric. In this study, we discovered a tetrameric form of PSI in the thermophilic cyanobacterium Chroococcidiopsis sp TS-821 (TS-821). In TS-821, PSI forms tetrameric and dimeric species. We investigated these species by Blue Native PAGE, Suc density gradient centrifugation, 77K fluorescence, circular dichroism, and single-particle analysis. Transmission electron microscopy analysis of native membranes confirms the presence of the tetrameric PSI structure prior to detergent solubilization. To investigate why TS-821 forms tetramers instead of trimers, we cloned and analyzed its psaL gene. Interestingly, this gene product contains a short insert between the second and third predicted transmembrane helices. Phylogenetic analysis based on PsaL protein sequences shows that TS-821 is closely related to heterocyst-forming cyanobacteria, some of which also have a tetrameric form of PSI. These results are discussed in light of chloroplast evolution, and we propose that PSI evolved stepwise from a trimeric form to tetrameric oligomer en route to becoming monomeric in plants/algae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Li
- Department of Biochemistry, Cellular, and Molecular
Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996
- The Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and
Graduate Education, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996
| | - Dmitry A. Semchonok
- Department of Electron Microscopy, Groningen Biomolecular
Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, The
Netherlands
| | - Egbert J. Boekema
- Department of Electron Microscopy, Groningen Biomolecular
Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, The
Netherlands
| | - Barry D. Bruce
- Department of Biochemistry, Cellular, and Molecular
Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996
- The Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and
Graduate Education, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996
- Department of Microbiology, University of Tennessee,
Knoxville, Tennessee 37996
- Sustainable Energy and Education Research Center,
University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996
- Address correspondence to
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35
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Zheng X, Dong S, Zheng J, Li D, Li F, Luo Z. Expression, stabilization and purification of membrane proteins via diverse protein synthesis systems and detergents involving cell-free associated with self-assembly peptide surfactants. Biotechnol Adv 2014; 32:564-74. [PMID: 24566241 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2014.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2013] [Revised: 06/13/2013] [Accepted: 02/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) are involved in regulating most of physiological actions and metabolism in the bodies, which have become most frequently addressed therapeutic targets for various disorders and diseases. Purified GPCR-based drug discoveries have become routine that approaches to structural study, novel biophysical and biochemical function analyses. However, several bottlenecks that GPCR-directed drugs need to conquer the problems including overexpression, solubilization, and purification as well as stabilization. The breakthroughs are to obtain efficient protein yield and stabilize their functional conformation which are both urgently requiring of effective protein synthesis system methods and optimal surfactants. Cell-free protein synthesis system is superior to the high yields and post-translation modifications, and early signs of self-assembly peptide detergents also emerged to superiority in purification of membrane proteins. We herein focus several predominant protein synthesis systems and surfactants involving the novel peptide detergents, and uncover the advantages of cell-free protein synthesis system with self-assembling peptide detergents in purification of functional GPCRs. This review is useful to further study in membrane proteins as well as the new drug exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Zheng
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shuangshuang Dong
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jie Zheng
- College of laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Duanhua Li
- Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Feng Li
- China Tobacco Gene Research Center, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhongli Luo
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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36
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Midtgaard SR, Pedersen MC, Kirkensgaard JJK, Sørensen KK, Mortensen K, Jensen KJ, Arleth L. Self-assembling peptides form nanodiscs that stabilize membrane proteins. SOFT MATTER 2014; 10:738-752. [PMID: 24651399 DOI: 10.1039/c3sm51727f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
New methods to handle membrane bound proteins, e.g. G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs), are highly desirable. Recently, apoliprotein A1 (ApoA1) based lipoprotein particles have emerged as a new platform for studying membrane proteins, and it has been shown that they can self-assemble in combination with phospholipids to form discoidal shaped particles that can stabilize membrane proteins. In the present study, we have investigated an ApoA1 mimetic peptide with respect to its solution structure when in complex with phospholipids. This was achieved using a powerful combination of small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) supported by coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations. The detailed structure of the discs was determined in unprecedented detail and it was found that they adopt a discoidal structure very similar to the ApoA1 based nanodiscs. We furthermore show that, like the ApoA1 and derived nanodiscs, these peptide discs can accommodate and stabilize a membrane protein. Finally, we exploit their dynamic properties and show that the 18A discs may be used for transferring membrane proteins and associated phospholipids directly and gently into phospholipid nanodiscs.
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37
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Nguyen K, Bruce BD. Growing green electricity: progress and strategies for use of photosystem I for sustainable photovoltaic energy conversion. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2014; 1837:1553-66. [PMID: 24388916 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2013.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2013] [Revised: 12/17/2013] [Accepted: 12/25/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Oxygenic photosynthesis is driven via sequential action of Photosystem II (PSII) and (PSI)reaction centers via the Z-scheme. Both of these pigment-membrane protein complexes are found in cyanobacteria, algae, and plants. Unlike PSII, PSI is remarkably stable and does not undergo limiting photo-damage. This stability, as well as other fundamental structural differences, makes PSI the most attractive reaction centers for applied photosynthetic applications. These applied applications exploit the efficient light harvesting and high quantum yield of PSI where the isolated PSI particles are redeployed providing electrons directly as a photocurrent or, via a coupled catalyst to yield H₂. Recent advances in molecular genetics, synthetic biology, and nanotechnology have merged to allow PSI to be integrated into a myriad of biohybrid devices. In photocurrent producing devices, PSI has been immobilized onto various electrode substrates with a continuously evolving toolkit of strategies and novel reagents. However, these innovative yet highly variable designs make it difficult to identify the rate-limiting steps and/or components that function as bottlenecks in PSI-biohybrid devices. In this study we aim to highlight these recent advances with a focus on identifying the similarities and differences in electrode surfaces, immobilization/orientation strategies, and artificial redox mediators. Collectively this work has been able to maintain an annual increase in photocurrent density (Acm⁻²) of ~10-fold over the past decade. The potential drawbacks and attractive features of some of these schemes are also discussed with their feasibility on a large-scale. As an environmentally benign and renewable resource, PSI may provide a new sustainable source of bioenergy. This article is part of a special issue entitled: photosynthesis research for sustainability: keys to produce clean energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khoa Nguyen
- Department of Biochemistry and Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Barry D Bruce
- Department of Biochemistry and Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; Department of Microbiology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Education, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.
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38
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Ge X, Eleftheriou NM, Dahoumane SA, Brennan JD. Sol–Gel-Derived Materials for Production of Pin-Printed Reporter Gene Living-Cell Microarrays. Anal Chem 2013; 85:12108-17. [DOI: 10.1021/ac403220g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Ge
- Biointerfaces
Institute and Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada L8S 4L8
- Department
of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521
| | - Nikolas M. Eleftheriou
- Biointerfaces
Institute and Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada L8S 4L8
- Department
of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Si Amar Dahoumane
- Biointerfaces
Institute and Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada L8S 4L8
| | - John D. Brennan
- Biointerfaces
Institute and Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada L8S 4L8
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39
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Wang X, Huang G, Yu D, Ge B, Wang J, Xu F, Huang F, Xu H, Lu JR. Solubilization and stabilization of isolated photosystem I complex with lipopeptide detergents. PLoS One 2013; 8:e76256. [PMID: 24098786 PMCID: PMC3787008 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0076256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2013] [Accepted: 08/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
It is difficult to maintain a target membrane protein in a soluble and functional form in aqueous solution without biological membranes. Use of surfactants can improve solubility, but it remains challenging to identify adequate surfactants that can improve solubility without damaging their native structures and biological functions. Here we report the use of a new class of lipopeptides to solubilize photosystem I (PS-I), a well known membrane protein complex. Changes in the molecular structure of these surfactants affected their amphiphilicity and the goal of this work was to exploit a delicate balance between detergency and biomimetic performance in PS-I solubilization via their binding capacity. Meanwhile, the effects of these surfactants on the thermal and structural stability and functionality of PS-I in aqueous solution were investigated by circular dichroism, fluorescence spectroscopy, SDS-PAGE analysis and O2 uptake measurements, respectively. Our studies showed that the solubility of PS-I depended on both the polarity and charge in the hydrophilic head of the lipopeptides and the length of its hydrophobic tail. The best performing lipopeptides in favour of PS-I solubility turned out to be C14DK and C16DK, which were comparable to the optimal amphiphilicity of the conventional chemical surfactants tested. Lipopeptides showed obvious advantages in enhancing PS-I thermostability over sugar surfactant DDM and some full peptide amphiphiles reported previously. Fluorescence spectroscopy along with SDS-PAGE analysis demonstrated that lipopeptides did not undermine the polypeptide composition and conformation of PS-I after solubilization; instead they showed better performance in improving the structural stability and integrity of this multi-subunit membrane protein than conventional detergents. Furthermore, O2 uptake measurements indicated that PS-I solubilized with lipopeptides maintained its functionality. The underlying mechanism for the favorable actions of lipopeptide in PS-I solubilization and stabilization is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing and Center for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Guihong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing and Center for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Daoyong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing and Center for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Baosheng Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing and Center for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Jiqian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing and Center for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Fengxi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing and Center for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Fang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing and Center for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, Shandong, P. R. China
- * E-mail: (FH); (HX)
| | - Hai Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing and Center for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, Shandong, P. R. China
- * E-mail: (FH); (HX)
| | - Jian R. Lu
- Biological Physics Laboratory, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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40
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Middleton DA, Madine J, Castelletto V, Hamley IW. Insights into the molecular architecture of a peptide nanotube using FTIR and solid-state NMR spectroscopic measurements on an aligned sample. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:10537-40. [PMID: 23955926 PMCID: PMC4672711 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201301960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Queuing up: Molecular orientation within macroscopically aligned nanotubes of the peptide AAAAAAK can be studied by solid-state NMR and IR spectroscopy. Line shape analysis of the NMR spectra indicates that the peptide N-H bonds are tilted 65-70° relative to the nanotube long axis. Re-evaluation of earlier X-ray fiber diffraction data suggests that the peptide molecules are hydrogen-bonded in a helical arrangement along the nanotube axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Middleton
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZB (UK).
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41
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Middleton DA, Madine J, Castelletto V, Hamley IW. Insights into the Molecular Architecture of a Peptide Nanotube Using FTIR and Solid-State NMR Spectroscopic Measurements on an Aligned Sample. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201301960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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42
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Guo T, Yang J, Zeng L, Wang H, Tong Q, Li X. Does there exist an intrinsic relationship between the flexibility and self-assembly of pepfactants? MOLECULAR SIMULATION 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/08927022.2013.817673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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43
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Luo Z, Yue Y, Zhang Y, Yuan X, Gong J, Wang L, He B, Liu Z, Sun Y, Liu J, Hu M, Zheng J. Designer D-form self-assembling peptide nanofiber scaffolds for 3-dimensional cell cultures. Biomaterials 2013; 34:4902-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.03.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2013] [Accepted: 03/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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44
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Hosseinkhani H, Hong PD, Yu DS. Self-assembled proteins and peptides for regenerative medicine. Chem Rev 2013; 113:4837-61. [PMID: 23547530 DOI: 10.1021/cr300131h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Hosseinkhani
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology (Taiwan Tech), Taipei 10607, Taiwan.
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45
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Steroid-based facial amphiphiles for stabilization and crystallization of membrane proteins. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2013; 110:E1203-11. [PMID: 23479627 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1221442110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Amphiphile selection is a critical step for structural studies of membrane proteins (MPs). We have developed a family of steroid-based facial amphiphiles (FAs) that are structurally distinct from conventional detergents and previously developed FAs. The unique FAs stabilize MPs and form relatively small protein-detergent complexes (PDCs), a property considered favorable for MP crystallization. We attempted to crystallize several MPs belonging to different protein families, including the human gap junction channel protein connexin 26, the ATP binding cassette transporter MsbA, the seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptor-like bacteriorhodopsin, and cytochrome P450s (peripheral MPs). Using FAs alone or mixed with other detergents or lipids, we obtained 3D crystals of the above proteins suitable for X-ray crystallographic analysis. The fact that FAs enhance MP crystallizability compared with traditional detergents can be attributed to several properties, including increased protein stability, formation of small PDCs, decreased PDC surface flexibility, and potential to mediate crystal lattice contacts.
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46
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Abstract
One important question in prebiotic chemistry is the search for simple structures that might have enclosed biological molecules in a cell-like space. Phospholipids, the components of biological membranes, are highly complex. Instead, we looked for molecules that might have been available on prebiotic Earth. Simple peptides with hydrophobic tails and hydrophilic heads that are made up of merely a combination of these robust, abiotically synthesized amino acids and could self-assemble into nanotubes or nanovesicles fulfilled our initial requirements. These molecules could provide a primitive enclosure for the earliest enzymes based on either RNA or peptides and other molecular structures with a variety of functions. We discovered and designed a class of these simple lipid-like peptides, which we describe in this Account. These peptides consist of natural amino acids (glycine, alanine, valine, isoleucine, leucine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, lysine, and arginine) and exhibit lipid-like dynamic behaviors. These structures further undergo spontaneous assembly to form ordered arrangements including micelles, nanovesicles, and nanotubes with visible openings. Because of their simplicity and stability in water, such assemblies could provide examples of prebiotic molecular evolution that may predate the RNA world. These short and simple peptides have the potential to self-organize to form simple enclosures that stabilize other fragile molecules, to bring low concentration molecules into a local environment, and to enhance higher local concentration. As a result, these structures plausibly could not only accelerate the dehydration process for new chemical bond formation but also facilitate further self-organization and prebiotic evolution in a dynamic manner. We also expect that this class of lipid-like peptides will likely find a wide range of uses in the real world. Because of their favorable interactions with lipids, these lipid-like peptides have been used to solubilize and stabilize membrane proteins, both for scientific studies and for the fabrication of nanobiotechological devices. They can also increase the solubility of other water-insoluble molecules and increase long-term stability of some water-soluble proteins. Likewise, because of their lipophilicity, these structures can deliver molecular cargo, such as small molecules, siRNA, and DNA, in vivo for potential therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuguang Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular Design, Center for Bits and Atoms, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, United States
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Tian F, Wu J, Huang N, Guo T, Mao C. The critical aggregation concentration of peptide surfactants is predictable from dynamic hydrophobic property. SAR AND QSAR IN ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2012; 24:89-101. [PMID: 23171122 DOI: 10.1080/1062936x.2012.742134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Peptide surfactants are a kind of newly emerged functional materials, which have a variety of applications such as building nanoarchitecture, stabilizing membrane proteins and controlling drug release. In the present study, we report the modelling and prediction of critical aggregation concentration (CAC), an important parameter that characterizes the self-assembling behaviour of peptide surfactants through the use of statistical modelling and quantitative structure-property relationship (QSPR) approaches. In order to accurately describe the structural and physicochemical properties of the highly flexible peptide molecules, a new method called molecular dynamics-based hydrophobic cross-field (MD-HCF) is proposed to capture both the hydrophobic profile and dynamic feature of 32 surface-activity, structure-known peptides. A number of statistical models are then developed using partial least squares (PLS) regression with or without improvement by genetic algorithm (GA). We demonstrate that MD-HCF performs much better than the widely used CODESSA method in both its predictability and interpretability. We also highlight the importance of dynamic hydrophobic property in accurate prediction and reasonable explanation of peptide self-assembling behaviour in solution, albeit which is exhaustive to compute compared with those derived directly from peptide static structure. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to computationally model and predict the self-assembling behaviour of peptide surfactants.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Tian
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
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QIU FENG, CHEN YONGZHU, TANG CHENGKANG, LU YANRONG, CHENG JINGQIU, ZHAO XIAOJUN. FORMATION OF REVERSED MICELLE NANORING BY A DESIGNED SURFACTANT-LIKE PEPTIDE. NANO 2012. [DOI: 10.1142/s1793292012500245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Designing self-assembling peptides as nanomaterials has been an attractive strategy in recent years, however, these peptides were usually studied in aqueous solutions for their self-assembling behaviors and applications. In this study, we have designed a surfactant-like peptide AGD with a wedge-like shape and studied its self-assembling behaviors in aqueous solution or nonpolar system. By analyzing the intermolecular hydrogen bond using FT-IR and characterizing the nanostructures with DLS, AFM and TEM, it was confirmed that AGD could not undergo self-assembly in aqueous solution while could self-assemble into well-ordered nanorings in nonpolar system. A molecular model has been proposed to explain how the nanorings were formed in the manner of reversed micelle. These results suggested a novel strategy to fabricate self-assembling peptide nanomaterials in nonpolar system, which could have potential applications in many fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- FENG QIU
- Laboratory of Transplant Immunology, Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P. R. China
- Nanomedicine Laboratory and Institute for Nanobiomedical, Technology and Membrane Biology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P. R. China
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, NE47-379, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139-4307, USA
| | - YONGZHU CHEN
- Laboratory of Transplant Immunology, Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P. R. China
- Nanomedicine Laboratory and Institute for Nanobiomedical, Technology and Membrane Biology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P. R. China
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, NE47-379, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139-4307, USA
| | - CHENGKANG TANG
- Laboratory of Transplant Immunology, Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P. R. China
- Nanomedicine Laboratory and Institute for Nanobiomedical, Technology and Membrane Biology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P. R. China
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, NE47-379, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139-4307, USA
| | - YANRONG LU
- Laboratory of Transplant Immunology, Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P. R. China
- Nanomedicine Laboratory and Institute for Nanobiomedical, Technology and Membrane Biology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P. R. China
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, NE47-379, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139-4307, USA
| | - JINGQIU CHENG
- Laboratory of Transplant Immunology, Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P. R. China
- Nanomedicine Laboratory and Institute for Nanobiomedical, Technology and Membrane Biology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P. R. China
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, NE47-379, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139-4307, USA
| | - XIAOJUN ZHAO
- Laboratory of Transplant Immunology, Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P. R. China
- Nanomedicine Laboratory and Institute for Nanobiomedical, Technology and Membrane Biology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P. R. China
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, NE47-379, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139-4307, USA
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Liu J, Zhang X, Wang M, Liu J, Cao M, Lu J, Cui Z. Characterization of photosystem I from spinach: effect of solution pH. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2012; 112:63-70. [PMID: 22477469 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-012-9737-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2011] [Accepted: 03/19/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Our previous work has demonstrated the isolation of photosystem I (PSI) from spinach using ultrafiltration with a final purity of 84%. In order to get a higher purity of PSI and more importantly to develop a practical bioseparation process, key physiochemical properties of PSI and their dependence on operational parameters must be assessed. In this study, the effect of solution pH, one of the most important operating parameters for membrane process, on the property of PSI was examined. Following the isolation of crude PSI from spinach using n-dodecyl-beta-D: -maltoside as detergent, the isoelectric point, aggregation size, zeta potential, low-temperature fluorescence, atomic force microscopy imaging, secondary structure, and thermal stability were determined. Solution pH was found to have a significant effect on the activity, aggregation size and thermal stability of PSI. The results also suggested that the activity of PSI was related to its aggregation size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianguo Liu
- Center for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266555, People's Republic of China.
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Abstract
G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are one of the most challenging targets in structural biology. To successfully solve a high-resolution GPCR structure, several experimental obstacles must be overcome, including expression, extraction, purification, and crystallization. As a result, there are only a handful of unique structures reported from this protein superfamily, which consists of over 800 members. In the past few years, however, there has been an increase in the amount of solved GPCR structures, and a few high-impact structures have been determined: the peptide receptor CXCR4, the agonist bound receptors, and the GPCR-G protein complex. The dramatic progress in GPCR structural studies is not due to the development of any single technique, but a combination of new techniques, new tools and new concepts. Here, we summarize the progress made for GPCR expression, purification, and crystallization, and we highlight the technical advances that will facilitate the future determination of GPCR structures.
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