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Cobey KD, Alayche M, Saba S, Barnes NY, Ebrahimzadeh S, Alarcón E, Hibbert B, Moher D. Cardiology researchers' practices and perceived barriers to open science: an international survey. Open Heart 2024; 11:e002433. [PMID: 38233041 PMCID: PMC10806507 DOI: 10.1136/openhrt-2023-002433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Open science is a movement and set of practices to conduct research more transparently. Implementing open science will significantly improve public access and supports equity. It also has the potential to foster innovation and reduce duplication through data and materials sharing. Here, we survey an international group of researchers publishing in cardiovascular journals regarding their perceptions and practices related to open science. METHODS We identified the top 100 'Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine' subject category journals from the SCImago journal ranking platform. This is a publicly available portal that draws from Scopus. We then extracted the corresponding author's name and email from all articles published in these journals between 1 March 2021 and 1 March 2022. Participants were sent a purpose-built survey about open science. The survey contained primarily multiple choice and scale-based questions for which we report count data and percentages. For the few text-based responses we conducted thematic content analysis. RESULTS 198 participants responded to our survey. Participants had a mean response of 6.8 (N=197, SD=1.8) on a 9-point scale with endpoints, not at all familiar (1) and extremely familiar (9), when indicating how familiar they were with open science. When asked about where they obtained open science training, most participants indicated this was done on the job self-initiated while conducting research (n=103, 52%), or that they had no formal training with respect to open science (n=72, 36%). More than half of the participants indicated they would benefit from practical support from their institution on how to perform open science practices (N=106, 54%). A diversity of barriers to each of the open science practices presented to participants were acknowledged. Participants indicated that funding was the most essential incentive to adopt open science. CONCLUSIONS It is clear that policy alone will not lead to the effective implementation of open science. This survey serves as a baseline for the cardiovascular research community's open science performance and perception and can be used to inform future interventions and monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly D Cobey
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mohsen Alayche
- Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sara Saba
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nana Yaa Barnes
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Health Sciences University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Emilio Alarcón
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Benjamin Hibbert
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - David Moher
- University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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2
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Gaynor KM, Azevedo T, Boyajian C, Brun J, Budden AE, Cole A, Csik S, DeCesaro J, Do-Linh H, Dudney J, Galaz García C, Leonard S, Lyon NJ, Marks A, Parish J, Phillips AA, Scarborough C, Smith J, Thompson M, Vargas Poulsen C, Fong CR. Ten simple rules to cultivate belonging in collaborative data science research teams. PLoS Comput Biol 2022; 18:e1010567. [PMID: 36327241 PMCID: PMC9632775 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlyn M. Gaynor
- National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, United States of America
- Departments of Zoology and Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Therese Azevedo
- National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, United States of America
| | - Clarissa Boyajian
- Bren School of Environmental Science and Management, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, United States of America
| | - Julien Brun
- National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, United States of America
- Bren School of Environmental Science and Management, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, United States of America
| | - Amber E. Budden
- National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, United States of America
- Main Library, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, United States of America
| | - Allie Cole
- Bren School of Environmental Science and Management, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, United States of America
| | - Samantha Csik
- National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, United States of America
- Bren School of Environmental Science and Management, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, United States of America
| | - Joe DeCesaro
- Bren School of Environmental Science and Management, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, United States of America
| | - Halina Do-Linh
- National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, United States of America
- Bren School of Environmental Science and Management, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, United States of America
| | - Joan Dudney
- National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, United States of America
| | - Carmen Galaz García
- National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, United States of America
| | - Scout Leonard
- Bren School of Environmental Science and Management, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, United States of America
| | - Nicholas J. Lyon
- National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, United States of America
| | - Althea Marks
- National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, United States of America
| | - Julia Parish
- Bren School of Environmental Science and Management, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, United States of America
| | - Alexandra A. Phillips
- National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, United States of America
| | - Courtney Scarborough
- National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, United States of America
| | - Joshua Smith
- National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, United States of America
| | - Marcus Thompson
- National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, United States of America
| | - Camila Vargas Poulsen
- National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, United States of America
| | - Caitlin R. Fong
- National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, United States of America
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4
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Brabeck MM. Open Science and Feminist Ethics: Promises and Challenges of Open Access. PSYCHOLOGY OF WOMEN QUARTERLY 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/03616843211030926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Open science advocates argue that making data sets, studies, methodologies, and other aspects of research free from publication fees and available to scholars will increase collaborations, access, and dissemination of knowledge. In this article, I argue that open access policies and practices raise both feminist and ethical issues. I reflect on the five themes of feminist ethics identified 20 years ago by a task force of the Society for the Psychology of Women. I update the themes with recent scholarship of feminist philosophers and ethicists, and I use the themes to raise questions about the promises and challenges of open access. Throughout, I offer suggestions for all who seek to make knowledge of human psychology more complete and more accessible to more people. I conclude by offering recommendations informed by feminist ethics to those building the policies and practices of open access. Online slides for instructors who want to use this article for teaching are available on PWQ's website at http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/suppl/10.1177/03616843211030926
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary M. Brabeck
- Department of Applied Psychology, New York University, New York, NY, USA
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5
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Sahneh F, Balk MA, Kisley M, Chan CK, Fox M, Nord B, Lyons E, Swetnam T, Huppenkothen D, Sutherland W, Walls RL, Quinn DP, Tarin T, LeBauer D, Ribes D, Birnie DP, Lushbough C, Carr E, Nearing G, Fischer J, Tyle K, Carrasco L, Lang M, Rose PW, Rushforth RR, Roy S, Matheson T, Lee T, Brown CT, Teal TK, Papeș M, Kobourov S, Merchant N. Ten simple rules to cultivate transdisciplinary collaboration in data science. PLoS Comput Biol 2021; 17:e1008879. [PMID: 33983959 PMCID: PMC8118297 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1008879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Faryad Sahneh
- Data Science Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
- Computer Science Department, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Meghan A. Balk
- BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
- National Museum of Natural History, Department of Paleontology, Washington, District of Columbia, United States of America
| | - Marina Kisley
- Computer Science Department, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Chi-kwan Chan
- Data Science Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
- Steward Observatory and Department of Astronomy, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Mercury Fox
- Data Science Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
- CODATA Center of Excellence in Data for Society, Washington, District of Columbia, United States of America
- School of Information, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
- Native Nations Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
- Center for Digital Society and Data Studies, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Brian Nord
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois, United States of America
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Eric Lyons
- BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
- School of Plant Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
- CyVerse, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Tyson Swetnam
- BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Daniela Huppenkothen
- DIRAC Institute, Department of Astronomy, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- eScience Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Will Sutherland
- Department of Human Centered Design and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Ramona L. Walls
- BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Daven P. Quinn
- Department of Geoscience, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Tonantzin Tarin
- Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - David LeBauer
- College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - David Ribes
- Department of Human Centered Design and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Dunbar P. Birnie
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Carol Lushbough
- Biomedical Engineering Department, University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, United States of America
- BioSNTR, Brookings, South Dakota, United States of America
| | - Eric Carr
- National Institute for Mathematical and Biological Synthesis, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Grey Nearing
- Google Research, Mountain View, California, United States of America
| | - Jeremy Fischer
- Pervasive Technology Institute, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, Indiana, United States of America
- JetStream Cloud, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Kevin Tyle
- Atmospheric & Environmental Sciences, University at Albany, Albany, New York, United States of America
| | - Luis Carrasco
- National Institute for Mathematical and Biological Synthesis, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Meagan Lang
- National Center for Supercomputing Applications, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Peter W. Rose
- San Diego Supercomputer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Richard R. Rushforth
- School of Informatics, Computing, and Cyber Systems, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Samapriya Roy
- Planet Labs, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Thomas Matheson
- NSF’s National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Tina Lee
- CyVerse, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - C. Titus Brown
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Tracy K. Teal
- Dryad, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Monica Papeș
- National Institute for Mathematical and Biological Synthesis, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Stephen Kobourov
- Computer Science Department, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Nirav Merchant
- Data Science Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
- CyVerse, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
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Forero DA, Lopez-Leon S, Perry G. A brief guide to the science and art of writing manuscripts in biomedicine. J Transl Med 2020; 18:425. [PMID: 33167977 PMCID: PMC7653709 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-020-02596-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Publishing articles in international scientific journals is the primary method for the communication of validated research findings and ideas. Journal articles are commonly used as a major input for evaluations of researchers and institutions. Few articles have been published previously about the different aspects needed for writing high-quality articles. In this manuscript, we provide an updated and brief guide for the multiple dimensions needed for writing manuscripts in the health and biological sciences, from current, international and interdisciplinary perspectives and from our expertise as authors, peer reviewers and editors. We provide key suggestions for writing major sections of the manuscript (e.g. title, abstract, introduction, methods, results and discussion), for submitting the manuscript and bring an overview of the peer review process and of the post-publication impact of the articles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego A Forero
- Health and Sport Sciences Research Group, School of Health and Sport Sciences, Fundación Universitaria del Área Andina, Bogotá, Colombia.
- MSc Program in Epidemiology, School of Health and Sport Sciences, Fundación Universitaria del Área Andina, Bogotá, Colombia.
| | - Sandra Lopez-Leon
- Global Drug Development, Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ, USA.
| | - George Perry
- Department of Biology and Neurosciences Institute, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
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7
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Lopez-Leon S, Forero DA, Ruiz-Díaz P. Recommendations for working from home during the COVID-19 pandemic (and beyond). Work 2020; 66:371-375. [PMID: 32568161 DOI: 10.3233/wor-203187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a growing trend around the globe for having more people working from home, particularly in the current COVID-19 pandemic. Although it is widely implemented in a number of countries and types of companies, it has shown to have multiple challenges. METHODS In this article, we provide several recommendations on how to work from home, incorporating information from several publications. RESULTS The suggestions are: create routines, be organized, have an adequate home office, enhance your productivity, be responsible, avoid extreme multitasking, facilitate communication and networking, be balanced, use available computer programs and platforms, be creative with remote teaching, explore options for remote research and learn from the challenges. CONCLUSIONS These recommendations would help students, professors and researchers around the globe during the current COVID-19 pandemic, and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Lopez-Leon
- Global Drug Development, Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ, USA
| | - Diego A Forero
- Health and Sport Sciences Research Group, School of Health and Sport Sciences, Fundación Universitaria del Área Andina, Bogotá, Colombia.,MSc Program in Epidemiology, School of Health and Sport Sciences, Fundación Universitaria del Área Andina, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Paola Ruiz-Díaz
- Health and Sport Sciences Research Group, School of Health and Sport Sciences, Fundación Universitaria del Área Andina, Bogotá, Colombia
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8
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Forero DA. Available Software for Meta-analyses of Genome-wide Expression Studies. Curr Genomics 2019; 20:325-331. [PMID: 32476989 PMCID: PMC7235394 DOI: 10.2174/1389202920666190822113912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Advances in transcriptomic methods have led to a large number of published Genome-Wide Expression Studies (GWES), in humans and model organisms. For several years, GWES involved the use of microarray platforms to compare genome-expression data for two or more groups of samples of interest. Meta-analysis of GWES is a powerful approach for the identification of differentially expressed genes in biological topics or diseases of interest, combining information from multiple primary studies. In this article, the main features of available software for carrying out meta-analysis of GWES have been reviewed and seven packages from the Bioconductor platform and five packages from the CRAN platform have been described. In addition, nine previously described programs and four online programs are reviewed. Finally, advantages and disadvantages of these available programs and proposed key points for future developments have been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego A Forero
- PhD Program in Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Universidad Antonio Nariño, Bogotá, Colombia.,Laboratory of NeuroPsychiatric Genetics, Biomedical Sciences Research Group, School of Medicine, Universidad Antonio Nariño, Bogotá, Colombia
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9
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Goldacre
- DataLab, Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Caroline E Morton
- DataLab, Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Nicholas J DeVito
- DataLab, Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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11
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Abstract
The fundamental goal of the growing open science movement is to increase the efficiency of the global scientific community and accelerate progress and discoveries for the common good. Central to this principle is the rapid disclosure of research outputs in open-access peer-reviewed journals and on pre-print servers. The next bold step in this direction is open laboratory notebooks, where research scientists share their research - including detailed protocols, negative and positive results - online and in near-real-time to synergize with their peers. Here, we highlight the benefits of open lab notebooks to science, society and scientists, and discuss the challenges that this nascent movement is facing. We also present the implementation and progress of our own initiative at openlabnotebooks.org, with more than 20 active contributors after one year of operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Schapira
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | | | - Rachel J Harding
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
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12
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Schapira M, Harding RJ. Open laboratory notebooks: good for science, good for society, good for scientists. F1000Res 2019; 8:87. [PMID: 31448096 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.17710.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The fundamental goal of the growing open science movement is to increase the efficiency of the global scientific community and accelerate progress and discoveries for the common good. Central to this principle is the rapid disclosure of research outputs in open-access peer-reviewed journals and on pre-print servers. The next bold step in this direction is open laboratory notebooks, where research scientists share their research — including detailed protocols, negative and positive results — online and in near-real-time to synergize with their peers. Here, we highlight the benefits of open lab notebooks to science, society and scientists, and discuss the challenges that this nascent movement is facing. We also present the implementation and progress of our own initiative at openlabnotebooks.org, with more than 20 active contributors after one year of operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Schapira
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Rachel J Harding
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
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13
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Ten simple rules on how to create open access and reproducible molecular simulations of biological systems. PLoS Comput Biol 2019; 15:e1006649. [PMID: 30653494 PMCID: PMC6336246 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1006649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Affiliation(s)
- Maureen A. Carey
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Jason A. Papin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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15
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Boland MR, Karczewski KJ, Tatonetti NP. Ten Simple Rules to Enable Multi-site Collaborations through Data Sharing. PLoS Comput Biol 2017; 13:e1005278. [PMID: 28103227 PMCID: PMC5245793 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mary Regina Boland
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
- Observational Health Data Sciences and Informatics, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Konrad J Karczewski
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Nicholas P Tatonetti
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
- Observational Health Data Sciences and Informatics, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
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16
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Acar OA, van den Ende J. Understanding Fear of Opportunism in Global Prize-Based Science Contests: Evidence for Gender and Age Differences. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0134898. [PMID: 26230086 PMCID: PMC4521938 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0134898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2013] [Accepted: 07/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Global prize-based science contests have great potential for tapping into diverse knowledge on a global scale and overcoming important scientific challenges. A necessary step for knowledge to be utilized in these contests is for that knowledge to be disclosed. Knowledge disclosure, however, is paradoxical in nature: in order for the value of knowledge to be assessed, inventors must disclose their knowledge, but then the person who receives that knowledge does so at no cost and may use it opportunistically. This risk of potential opportunistic behavior in turn makes the inventor fearful of disclosing knowledge, and this is a major psychological barrier to knowledge disclosure. In this project, we investigated this fear of opportunism in global prize-based science contests by surveying 630 contest participants in the InnoCentive online platform for science contests. We found that participants in these science contests experience fear of opportunism to varying degrees, and that women and older participants have significantly less fear of disclosing their scientific knowledge. Our findings highlight the importance of taking differences in such fears into account when designing global prize-based contests so that the potential of the contests for reaching solutions to important and challenging problems can be used more effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oguz Ali Acar
- Department of Management, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Technology and Operations Management, Rotterdam School of Management Erasmus University, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- * E-mail:
| | - Jan van den Ende
- Department of Technology and Operations Management, Rotterdam School of Management Erasmus University, Rotterdam, Netherlands
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Abstract
Despite widespread support from policy makers, funding agencies, and scientific journals, academic researchers rarely make their research data available to others. At the same time, data sharing in research is attributed a vast potential for scientific progress. It allows the reproducibility of study results and the reuse of old data for new research questions. Based on a systematic review of 98 scholarly papers and an empirical survey among 603 secondary data users, we develop a conceptual framework that explains the process of data sharing from the primary researcher’s point of view. We show that this process can be divided into six descriptive categories: Data donor, research organization, research community, norms, data infrastructure, and data recipients. Drawing from our findings, we discuss theoretical implications regarding knowledge creation and dissemination as well as research policy measures to foster academic collaboration. We conclude that research data cannot be regarded as knowledge commons, but research policies that better incentivise data sharing are needed to improve the quality of research results and foster scientific progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedikt Fecher
- Internet-enabled Innovation, Alexander von Humboldt Institute for Internet and Society, Berlin, Germany
- Research Infrastructure, German Institute for Economic Research, Berlin, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Sascha Friesike
- Internet-enabled Innovation, Alexander von Humboldt Institute for Internet and Society, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marcel Hebing
- German Socio-Economic Panel, German Institute for Economic Research, Berlin, Germany
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Samish I, Bourne PE, Najmanovich RJ. Achievements and challenges in structural bioinformatics and computational biophysics. Bioinformatics 2014; 31:146-50. [PMID: 25488929 PMCID: PMC4271151 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btu769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Motivation: The field of structural bioinformatics and computational biophysics has undergone a revolution in the last 10 years. Developments that are captured annually through the 3DSIG meeting, upon which this article reflects. Results: An increase in the accessible data, computational resources and methodology has resulted in an increase in the size and resolution of studied systems and the complexity of the questions amenable to research. Concomitantly, the parameterization and efficiency of the methods have markedly improved along with their cross-validation with other computational and experimental results. Conclusion: The field exhibits an ever-increasing integration with biochemistry, biophysics and other disciplines. In this article, we discuss recent achievements along with current challenges within the field. Contact:Rafael.Najmanovich@USherbrooke.ca
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilan Samish
- Department of Plant Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel, Ort Braude College, Karmiel, 2161002, Israel, Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA and Department of Biochemistry, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, J1H 5N4, Canada Department of Plant Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel, Ort Braude College, Karmiel, 2161002, Israel, Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA and Department of Biochemistry, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Philip E Bourne
- Department of Plant Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel, Ort Braude College, Karmiel, 2161002, Israel, Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA and Department of Biochemistry, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Rafael J Najmanovich
- Department of Plant Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel, Ort Braude College, Karmiel, 2161002, Israel, Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA and Department of Biochemistry, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, J1H 5N4, Canada
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19
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Abstract
Grant Application Review: The Case of Transparency Public funding agencies should be more transparent in awarding research grants to allow researchers and the public better insight into decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Gurwitz
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- * E-mail:
| | - Elena Milanesi
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Thomas Koenig
- Department of Political Science, Institute for Advanced Studies, Vienna, Austria
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20
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Adams LG. Putting together a scientific team: collaborative science. Trends Microbiol 2014; 22:483-5. [PMID: 24894627 DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2014.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2014] [Revised: 05/05/2014] [Accepted: 05/07/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
One of the most enjoyable parts of a science career is collaborative team experiences and developing life-long social networks. When the hypothesis being tested requires innovative efforts greater than any single laboratory, collaboration becomes an essential component for success - everyone is a stakeholder and trust is the driving force.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Garry Adams
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-4467, USA.
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