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Boo A, Toth T, Yu Q, Pfotenhauer A, Fields BD, Lenaghan SC, Stewart CN, Voigt CA. Synthetic microbe-to-plant communication channels. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1817. [PMID: 38418817 PMCID: PMC10901793 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45897-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Plants and microbes communicate to collaborate to stop pests, scavenge nutrients, and react to environmental change. Microbiota consisting of thousands of species interact with each other and plants using a large chemical language that is interpreted by complex regulatory networks. In this work, we develop modular interkingdom communication channels, enabling bacteria to convey environmental stimuli to plants. We introduce a "sender device" in Pseudomonas putida and Klebsiella pneumoniae, that produces the small molecule p-coumaroyl-homoserine lactone (pC-HSL) when the output of a sensor or circuit turns on. This molecule triggers a "receiver device" in the plant to activate gene expression. We validate this system in Arabidopsis thaliana and Solanum tuberosum (potato) grown hydroponically and in soil, demonstrating its modularity by swapping bacteria that process different stimuli, including IPTG, aTc and arsenic. Programmable communication channels between bacteria and plants will enable microbial sentinels to transmit information to crops and provide the building blocks for designing artificial consortia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Boo
- Department of Biological Engineering, Synthetic Biology Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Tyler Toth
- Department of Biological Engineering, Synthetic Biology Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Qiguo Yu
- Department of Biological Engineering, Synthetic Biology Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Alexander Pfotenhauer
- Center for Agricultural Synthetic Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - Brandon D Fields
- Department of Biological Engineering, Synthetic Biology Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Scott C Lenaghan
- Center for Agricultural Synthetic Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - C Neal Stewart
- Center for Agricultural Synthetic Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - Christopher A Voigt
- Department of Biological Engineering, Synthetic Biology Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
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2
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Metcalf R, Messer LF, White HL, Ormsby MJ, Matallana-Surget S, Quilliam RS. Evidence of interspecific plasmid uptake by pathogenic strains of Klebsiella isolated from microplastic pollution on public beaches. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 461:132567. [PMID: 37741206 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Microplastic beads are becoming a common feature on beaches, and there is increasing evidence that such microplastics can become colonised by potential human pathogens. However, whether the concentrations and pathogenicity of these pathogens pose a public health risk are still unclear. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine realistic environmental concentrations of potential pathogens colonising microplastic beads, and quantify the expression of virulence and antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs). Microplastic beads were collected from beaches and a culture-dependent approach was used to determine the concentrations of seven target bacteria (Campylobacter spp.; E. coli; intestinal enterococci; Klebsiella spp.; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Salmonella spp.; Vibrio spp.). All seven target bacteria were detected without the need for a pre-enrichment step; urban sites had higher bacterial concentrations, whilst polymer type had no influence on bacterial concentrations. Klebsiella was the most abundant target bacteria and possessed virulence and ARGs, some of which were present on plasmids from other species, and showed pathogenicity in a Galleria melonella infection model. Our findings demonstrate how pathogen colonised microplastic beads can pose a heightened public health risk at the beach, and highlights the urgency for improved monitoring and enforcement of regulations on the release of microplastics into the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Metcalf
- Biological and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, UK.
| | - Lauren F Messer
- Biological and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, UK
| | - Hannah L White
- Biological and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, UK
| | - Michael J Ormsby
- Biological and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, UK
| | - Sabine Matallana-Surget
- Biological and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, UK
| | - Richard S Quilliam
- Biological and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, UK
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3
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Pariseau DA, Ring BE, Khadka S, Mike LA. Cultivation and Genomic DNA Extraction of Klebsiella pneumoniae. Curr Protoc 2024; 4:e932. [PMID: 38279957 DOI: 10.1002/cpz1.932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
Klebsiella pneumoniae is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium of medical significance. It typically exists as part of the normal flora of the human intestine but can cause severe infections in the healthcare setting due to its rapid acquisition of antibiotic resistance. Cultivating and extracting genomic DNA from this bacterium is crucial for downstream characterization and comparative analyses. To provide a standardized approach for growing K. pneumoniae in the laboratory setting, this collection of protocols provides step-by-step procedures for routine culturing, generating growth curves, storing bacteria, and extracting genomic DNA. © 2024 The Authors. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. Basic Protocol 1: Reviving K. pneumoniae from frozen stocks Basic Protocol 2: Cultivating K. pneumoniae in rich growth medium Alternate Protocol: Cultivating in minimal liquid growth medium Basic Protocol 3: Enumerating K. pneumoniae colony forming units Basic Protocol 4: Growth curves Basic Protocol 5: Genomic DNA extraction Basic Protocol 6: Characterizing K. pneumoniae strains based on genomic sequence Basic Protocol 7: Storage of K. pneumoniae frozen stocks in glycerol Basic Protocol 8: Storage of K. pneumoniae in agar stabs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Drew A Pariseau
- Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio
| | - Brooke E Ring
- Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio
| | - Saroj Khadka
- Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio
| | - Laura A Mike
- Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio
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4
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Nucci A, Janaszkiewicz J, Rocha EPC, Rendueles O. Emergence of novel non-aggregative variants under negative frequency-dependent selection in Klebsiella variicola. MICROLIFE 2023; 4:uqad038. [PMID: 37781688 PMCID: PMC10540941 DOI: 10.1093/femsml/uqad038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Klebsiella variicola is an emergent human pathogen causing diverse infections, some of which in the urinary tract. However, little is known about the evolution and maintenance of genetic diversity in this species, the molecular mechanisms and their population dynamics. Here, we characterized the emergence of a novel rdar-like (rough and dry) morphotype which is contingent both on the genetic background and the environment. We show that mutations in either the nitrogen assimilation control gene (nac) or the type III fimbriae regulator, mrkH, suffice to generate rdar-like colonies. These morphotypes are primarily selected for the reduced inter-cellular aggregation as a result of MrkH loss-of-function which reduces type 3 fimbriae expression. Additionally, these clones also display increased growth rate and reduced biofilm formation. Direct competitions between rdar and wild type clones show that mutations in mrkH provide large fitness advantages. In artificial urine, the morphotype is under strong negative frequency-dependent selection and can socially exploit wild type strains. An exhaustive search for mrkH mutants in public databases revealed that ca 8% of natural isolates analysed had a truncated mrkH gene many of which were due to insertions of IS elements, including a reported clinical isolate with rdar morphology. These strains were rarely hypermucoid and often isolated from human, mostly from urine and blood. The decreased aggregation of these mutants could have important clinical implications as we hypothesize that such clones could better disperse within the host allowing colonisation of other body sites and potentially leading to systemic infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amandine Nucci
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS, UMR3525, Microbial Evolutionary Genomics, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Juliette Janaszkiewicz
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS, UMR3525, Microbial Evolutionary Genomics, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Eduardo P C Rocha
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS, UMR3525, Microbial Evolutionary Genomics, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Olaya Rendueles
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS, UMR3525, Microbial Evolutionary Genomics, F-75015, Paris, France
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5
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Nucci A, Rocha EPC, Rendueles O. Latent evolution of biofilm formation depends on life-history and genetic background. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2023; 9:53. [PMID: 37537176 PMCID: PMC10400614 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-023-00422-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Adaptation to one environment can often generate phenotypic and genotypic changes which impact the future ability of an organism to thrive in other environmental conditions. In the context of host-microbe interactions, biofilm formation can increase survival rates in vivo upon exposure to stresses, like the host's immune system or antibiotic therapy. However, how the generic process of adaptation impacts the ability to form biofilm and how it may change through time has seldomly been studied. To do so, we used a previous evolution experiment with three strains of the Klebsiella pneumoniae species complex, in which we specifically did not select for biofilm formation. We observed that changes in the ability to form biofilm happened very fast at first and afterwards reverted to ancestral levels in many populations. Biofilm changes were associated to changes in population yield and surface polysaccharide production. Genotypically, mutations in the tip adhesin of type III fimbriae (mrkD) or the fim switch of type I fimbriae were shaped by nutrient availability during evolution, and their impact on biofilm formation was dependent on capsule production. Analyses of natural isolates revealed similar mutations in mrkD, suggesting that such mutations also play an important role in adaptation outside the laboratory. Our work reveals that the latent evolution of biofilm formation, and its temporal dynamics, depend on nutrient availability, the genetic background and other intertwined phenotypic and genotypic changes. Ultimately, it suggests that small differences in the environment can alter an organism's fate in more complex niches like the host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amandine Nucci
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris Cité, CNRS, UMR3525, Microbial Evolutionary Genomics, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Eduardo P C Rocha
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris Cité, CNRS, UMR3525, Microbial Evolutionary Genomics, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Olaya Rendueles
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris Cité, CNRS, UMR3525, Microbial Evolutionary Genomics, F-75015, Paris, France.
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6
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Sun Y, Zheng C, Zhou J, Zhen M, Wei X, Yan X, Guo X, Zheng L, Shao M, Li C, Qin D, Zhang J, Xiong L, Xing J, Huang B, Dong Z, Cheng P, Yu G. Pathogen Profile of Klebsiella variicola, the Causative Agent of Banana Sheath Rot. PLANT DISEASE 2023; 107:2325-2334. [PMID: 37596715 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-09-22-2018-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
Banana (Musa spp.) is an important fruit and food crop worldwide. In recent years, banana sheath rot has become a major problem in banana cultivation, causing plant death and substantial economic losses. Nevertheless, the pathogen profile of this disease has not been fully characterized. Klebsiella variicola is a versatile bacterium capable of colonizing different hosts, such as plants, humans, insects, and animals, and is recognized as an emerging pathogen in various hosts. In this study, we obtained 12 bacterial isolates from 12 different banana samples showing banana sheath rot in Guangdong and Guangxi Provinces, China. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA sequences confirmed that all 12 isolates were K. variicola strains. We sequenced the genomes of these strains, performed comparative genomic analysis with other sequenced K. variicola strains, and found a lack of consistency in accessory gene content among these K. variicola strains. However, prediction based on the pan-genome of K. variicola revealed 22 unique virulence factors carried by the 12 pathogenic K. variicola isolates. Microbiome and microbial interaction network analysis of endophytes between the healthy tissues of diseased plants and healthy plants of two cultivars showed that Methanobacterium negatively interacts with Klebsiella in banana plants and that Herbaspirillum might indirectly inhibit Methanobacterium to promote Klebsiella growth. These results suggest that banana sheath rot is caused by the imbalance of plant endophytes and opportunistic pathogenic bacteria, providing an important basis for research and control of this disease.[Formula: see text] Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhao Sun
- Innovative Institute for Plant Health, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits and Vegetables in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
- Guangdong University Key Laboratory for Sustainable Control of Fruit and Vegetable Diseases and Pests, Guangzhou 510225, China
- College of Agriculture and Biology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Chuanyuan Zheng
- Innovative Institute for Plant Health, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits and Vegetables in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
- Guangdong University Key Laboratory for Sustainable Control of Fruit and Vegetable Diseases and Pests, Guangzhou 510225, China
- College of Resources and Environment, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Jianuan Zhou
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Integrative Microbiology Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Meng Zhen
- Innovative Institute for Plant Health, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits and Vegetables in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
- Guangdong University Key Laboratory for Sustainable Control of Fruit and Vegetable Diseases and Pests, Guangzhou 510225, China
- College of Agriculture and Biology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Xingying Wei
- Innovative Institute for Plant Health, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits and Vegetables in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
- Guangdong University Key Laboratory for Sustainable Control of Fruit and Vegetable Diseases and Pests, Guangzhou 510225, China
- College of Resources and Environment, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Xun Yan
- Innovative Institute for Plant Health, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits and Vegetables in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
- Guangdong University Key Laboratory for Sustainable Control of Fruit and Vegetable Diseases and Pests, Guangzhou 510225, China
- College of Agriculture and Biology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Xiaojian Guo
- Innovative Institute for Plant Health, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits and Vegetables in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
- Guangdong University Key Laboratory for Sustainable Control of Fruit and Vegetable Diseases and Pests, Guangzhou 510225, China
- College of Agriculture and Biology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Li Zheng
- Innovative Institute for Plant Health, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits and Vegetables in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
- Guangdong University Key Laboratory for Sustainable Control of Fruit and Vegetable Diseases and Pests, Guangzhou 510225, China
- College of Agriculture and Biology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Mingwei Shao
- Innovative Institute for Plant Health, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits and Vegetables in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
- Guangdong University Key Laboratory for Sustainable Control of Fruit and Vegetable Diseases and Pests, Guangzhou 510225, China
- College of Agriculture and Biology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Chunji Li
- Innovative Institute for Plant Health, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits and Vegetables in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
- Guangdong University Key Laboratory for Sustainable Control of Fruit and Vegetable Diseases and Pests, Guangzhou 510225, China
- College of Agriculture and Biology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Di Qin
- Innovative Institute for Plant Health, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits and Vegetables in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
- Guangdong University Key Laboratory for Sustainable Control of Fruit and Vegetable Diseases and Pests, Guangzhou 510225, China
- College of Agriculture and Biology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Innovative Institute for Plant Health, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits and Vegetables in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
- Guangdong University Key Laboratory for Sustainable Control of Fruit and Vegetable Diseases and Pests, Guangzhou 510225, China
- College of Resources and Environment, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Lina Xiong
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Juejun Xing
- Laboratory and Equipment Management Department, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Bingzhi Huang
- Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Zhangyong Dong
- Innovative Institute for Plant Health, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits and Vegetables in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
- Guangdong University Key Laboratory for Sustainable Control of Fruit and Vegetable Diseases and Pests, Guangzhou 510225, China
- College of Agriculture and Biology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Ping Cheng
- Innovative Institute for Plant Health, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits and Vegetables in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
- Guangdong University Key Laboratory for Sustainable Control of Fruit and Vegetable Diseases and Pests, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Guohui Yu
- Innovative Institute for Plant Health, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits and Vegetables in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
- Guangdong University Key Laboratory for Sustainable Control of Fruit and Vegetable Diseases and Pests, Guangzhou 510225, China
- College of Agriculture and Biology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
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7
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Dunn MF, Becerra-Rivera VA. The Biosynthesis and Functions of Polyamines in the Interaction of Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria with Plants. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2671. [PMID: 37514285 PMCID: PMC10385936 DOI: 10.3390/plants12142671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are members of the plant rhizomicrobiome that enhance plant growth and stress resistance by increasing nutrient availability to the plant, producing phytohormones or other secondary metabolites, stimulating plant defense responses against abiotic stresses and pathogens, or fixing nitrogen. The use of PGPR to increase crop yield with minimal environmental impact is a sustainable and readily applicable replacement for a portion of chemical fertilizer and pesticides required for the growth of high-yielding varieties. Increased plant health and productivity have long been gained by applying PGPR as commercial inoculants to crops, although with uneven results. The establishment of plant-PGPR relationships requires the exchange of chemical signals and nutrients between the partners, and polyamines (PAs) are an important class of compounds that act as physiological effectors and signal molecules in plant-microbe interactions. In this review, we focus on the role of PAs in interactions between PGPR and plants. We describe the basic ecology of PGPR and the production and function of PAs in them and the plants with which they interact. We examine the metabolism and the roles of PAs in PGPR and plants individually and during their interaction with one another. Lastly, we describe some directions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael F Dunn
- Programa de Genómica Funcional de Procariotes, Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca 62210, Mexico
| | - Víctor A Becerra-Rivera
- Programa de Genómica Funcional de Procariotes, Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca 62210, Mexico
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8
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Dong T, Liang Y, Shao T, Wang W, Ma P, Wang W, Li J, Yuan X. Detoxifying mycotoxins and antifungal properties of two rumen-derived Enterococcus species in artificially contaminated corn silages. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023. [PMID: 37115188 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mycotoxins contamination in food and feed has emerged as an issue of serious concern because they pose serious health risks to both humans and livestock. The study aimed to evaluate the effects of two rumen-derived Enterococcus spp. on fermentation and hygienic quality of artificially contaminated corn silages. The toxigenic fungal-infested (FI) and non-fungal infested (NFI) corn was harvested at 1/2 milk line stage and ensiled without additives (CON) or with Enterococcus faecalis (E) or Enterococcus faecium (M). RESULTS The pH of FI silages was higher than that of NFI silages, the pH in NFI-M was lower than in NFI-CON. Inoculating E. faecium markedly increased lactic acid concentration compared to CON and E silages. Both E. faecium and E. faecalis decreased the deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZEN) concentrations compared with the CON for FI silages, while E. faecium was more effective in eliminating aflatoxin B1 (AFB1 ). The FI silage had higher bacterial and fungal Shannon indexes than NFI silages. The relative abundance (RA) of Aspergillus and Fusarium marked a decline from day 5 to day 90. Inoculating E. faecium and E. faecalis reduced the RA of Penicillium compared to CON. In vitro mycotoxins removal assay indicated that E. faecium was more effective in AFB1 detoxification while having lower detoxifying ZEN capacity than E. faecalis. CONCLUSION Inoculating rumen-derived Enterococcus spp. isolates alleviated the negative effects of fungal infestation on the fermentation and hygienic quality of corn silages by changing the microbial communities and detoxifying mycotoxins. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyi Dong
- Institute of Ensiling and Processing of Grass, College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yucheng Liang
- Institute of Ensiling and Processing of Grass, College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tao Shao
- Institute of Ensiling and Processing of Grass, College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenbo Wang
- Institute of Ensiling and Processing of Grass, College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Pengfei Ma
- Institute of Ensiling and Processing of Grass, College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenkang Wang
- Institute of Ensiling and Processing of Grass, College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Junfeng Li
- Institute of Ensiling and Processing of Grass, College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xianjun Yuan
- Institute of Ensiling and Processing of Grass, College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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9
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The Capsule Increases Susceptibility to Last-Resort Polymyxins, but Not to Other Antibiotics, in Klebsiella pneumoniae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2023; 67:e0012723. [PMID: 36912665 PMCID: PMC10112221 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00127-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The extracellular capsule is a virulence factor present in many facultative pathogens, but its role in antimicrobial resistance remains controversial. To shed light on this debate, we tested six antibiotics on four Klebsiella pneumoniae species complex strains. Noncapsulated strains exhibited increased tolerance to polymyxins, but not to other antibiotics, as measured using the MIC. Our results urge caution on the use of therapeutic agents that target the capsule and may result in selection for its inactivation.
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10
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Huang M, He P, He P, Wu Y, Munir S, He Y. Novel Virulence Factors Deciphering Klebsiella pneumoniae KpC4 Infect Maize as a Crossing-Kingdom Pathogen: An Emerging Environmental Threat. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232416005. [PMID: 36555647 PMCID: PMC9785288 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232416005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Klebsiella pneumoniae is not only a human and animal opportunistic pathogen, but a food-borne pathogen. Cross-kingdom infection has been focused on since K. pneumoniae was identified as the pathogen of maize, banana, and pomegranate. Although the pathogenicity of K. pneumoniae strains (from ditch water, maize, and human) on plant and mice has been confirmed, there are no reports to explain the molecular mechanisms of the pathogen. This study uncovered the K. pneumoniae KpC4 isolated from maize top rot for the determination of various virulence genes and resistance genes. At least thirteen plant disease-causing genes are found to be involved in the disruption of plant defense. Among them, rcsB is responsible for causing disease in both plants and animals. The novel sequence types provide solid evidence that the pathogen invades plant and has robust ecological adaptability. It is imperative to perform further studies on the verification of these KpC4 genes’ functions to understand the molecular mechanisms involved in plant−pathogen interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
- College of Agronomy and Life Sciences and Engineering Research Center for Urban Modern Agriculture of Higher Education in Yunnan Province, Kunming University, Kunming 650214, China
| | - Pengfei He
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Pengbo He
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Yixin Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Shahzad Munir
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
- Correspondence: (S.M.); (Y.H.)
| | - Yueqiu He
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
- Correspondence: (S.M.); (Y.H.)
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11
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Cross-Over Pathogenic Bacteria Detected in Infected Tomatoes ( Solanum lycopersicum L.) and Peppers ( Capsicum annuum L.) in Bulgaria. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11121507. [PMID: 36558841 PMCID: PMC9783152 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11121507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability of certain human pathogens to adapt to plants without losing their virulence toward people is a major concern today. Thus, the aim of the present work was the investigation of the presence of cross-over pathogenic bacteria in infected tomato and pepper plants. The objects of the study were 21 samples from seven different parts of the plants and three from tomato rhizosphere. In total, 26 strains were isolated, identified by MALDI-TOF, and phenotypically characterized. The PCR amplification of the rpoB gene was applied as an approach for the rapid detection of cross-over pathogens in plant samples. A great bacterial diversity was revealed from tomato samples as nine species were identified (Leclercia adecarboxylata, Pseudesherichia vulneris, Enterobacter cancerogenus, Enterobacter cloacae, Enterobacter bugandensis, Acinetobacter calcoaceticus, Pantoea agglomerans, Pantoea ananatis, and Pectobacterium carotovorum). Polymicrobial contaminations were observed in samples T2 (tomato flower) and T10 (tomato fruit). Five species were identified from pepper samples (P. agglomerans, L. adecarboxylata, Pseudomonas sp., Pseudomonas putida, and Enterococcus sp.). Antibiotic resistance patterns were assigned in accordance with EFSA recommendations. All isolates showed varying resistance to the tested antibiotics. The genetic basis for the phenotypic antibiotic resistance was not revealed. No genes for the virulence factors were found among the population. To our knowledge, this is the first overall investigation of tomato and pepper cross-over pathogenic bacterial populations in Bulgaria.
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12
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Zhang X, Ma YN, Wang X, Liao K, He S, Zhao X, Guo H, Zhao D, Wei HL. Dynamics of rice microbiomes reveal core vertically transmitted seed endophytes. MICROBIOME 2022; 10:216. [PMID: 36482381 PMCID: PMC9733015 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-022-01422-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plants and their associated microbiota constitute an assemblage of species known as holobionts. The plant seed microbiome plays an important role in nutrient uptake and stress attenuation. However, the core vertically transmitted endophytes remain largely unexplored. RESULTS To gain valuable insights into the vertical transmission of rice seed core endophytes, we conducted a large-scale analysis of the microbiomes of two generations of six different rice varieties from five microhabitats (bulk soil, rhizosphere, root, stem, and seed) from four geographic locations. We showed that the microhabitat rather than the geographic location and rice variety was the primary driver of the rice microbiome assemblage. The diversity and network complexity of the rice-associated microbiome decreased steadily from far to near the roots, rice exterior to interior, and from belowground to aboveground niches. Remarkably, the microbiomes of the roots, stems, and seeds of the rice interior compartments were not greatly influenced by the external environment. The core bacterial endophytes of rice were primarily comprised of 14 amplicon sequence variants (ASVs), 10 of which, especially ASV_2 (Pantoea) and ASV_48 (Xanthomonas), were identified as potentially vertically transmitted taxa because they existed across generations, were rarely present in exterior rice microhabitats, and were frequently isolated from rice seeds. The genome sequences of Pantoea and Xanthomonas isolated from the parental and offspring seeds showed a high degree of average nucleotide and core protein identity, indicating vertical transmission of seed endophytes across generations. In silico prediction indicated that the seed endophytes Pantoea and Xanthomonas possessed streamlined genomes with short lengths, low-complexity metabolism, and various plant growth-promoting traits. We also found that all strains of Pantoea and Xanthomonas exhibited cellulase activity and produced indole-3-acetic acid. However, most strains exhibited insignificant antagonism to the major pathogens of rice, such as Magnaporthe oryzae and X. oryzae pv. oryzae. CONCLUSION Overall, our study revealed that microhabitats, rather than site-specific environmental factors or host varieties, shape the rice microbiome. We discovered the vertically transmitted profiles and keystone taxa of the rice microbiome, which led to the isolation of culturable seed endophytes and investigation of their potential roles in plant-microbiome interactions. Our results provide insights on vertically transmitted microbiota and suggest new avenues for improving plant fitness via the manipulation of seed-associated microbiomes. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxia Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources Collection and Preservation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081 China
| | - Yi-Nan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources Collection and Preservation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081 China
| | - Xing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources Collection and Preservation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081 China
| | - Kaiji Liao
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources Collection and Preservation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081 China
| | - Shanwen He
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources Collection and Preservation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081 China
| | - Xia Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources Collection and Preservation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081 China
| | - Hebao Guo
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources Collection and Preservation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081 China
| | - Dongfang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources Collection and Preservation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081 China
| | - Hai-Lei Wei
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources Collection and Preservation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081 China
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13
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Illuminating the signalomics of microbial biofilm on plant surfaces. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2022.102537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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14
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Nucci A, Rocha EPC, Rendueles O. Adaptation to novel spatially-structured environments is driven by the capsule and alters virulence-associated traits. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4751. [PMID: 35963864 PMCID: PMC9376106 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32504-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The extracellular capsule is a major virulence factor, but its ubiquity in free-living bacteria with large environmental breadths suggests that it shapes adaptation to novel niches. Yet, how it does so, remains unexplored. Here, we evolve three Klebsiella strains and their capsule mutants in parallel. Their comparison reveals different phenotypic and genotypic evolutionary changes that alter virulence-associated traits. Non-capsulated populations accumulate mutations that reduce exopolysaccharide production and increase biofilm formation and yield, whereas most capsulated populations become hypermucoviscous, a signature of hypervirulence. Hence, adaptation to novel environments primarily occurs by fine-tuning expression of the capsular locus. The same evolutionary conditions selecting for mutations in the capsular gene wzc leading to hypermucoviscosity also result in increased susceptibility to antibiotics by mutations in the ramA regulon. This implies that general adaptive processes outside the host can affect capsule evolution and its role in virulence and infection outcomes may be a by-product of such adaptation. Phenotypic and genotypic evolution in worrisome Klebsiella spp. is influenced by the capsule. Here the authors show that adaptation outside the host can impact virulence-associated traits, including de novo emergence of hypermucoviscosity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amandine Nucci
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, CNRS, UMR3525, Microbial Evolutionary Genomics, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Eduardo P C Rocha
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, CNRS, UMR3525, Microbial Evolutionary Genomics, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Olaya Rendueles
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, CNRS, UMR3525, Microbial Evolutionary Genomics, F-75015, Paris, France.
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15
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Gupta V, Shekhawat SS, Kulshreshtha NM, Gupta AB. A systematic review on chlorine tolerance among bacteria and standardization of their assessment protocol in wastewater. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2022; 86:261-291. [PMID: 35906907 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2022.206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Though chlorine is a cost-effective disinfectant for water and wastewaters, the bacteria surviving after chlorination pose serious public health and environmental problems. This review critically assesses the mechanism of chlorine disinfection as described by various researchers; factors affecting chlorination efficacy; and the re-growth potential of microbial contaminations in treated wastewater post chlorination to arrive at meaningful doses for ensuring health safety. Literature analysis shows procedural inconsistencies in the assessment of chlorine tolerant bacteria, making it extremely difficult to compare the tolerance characteristics of different reported tolerant bacteria. A comparison of logarithmic reduction after chlorination and the concentration-time values for prominent pathogens led to the generation of a standard protocol for the assessment of chlorine tolerance. The factors that need to be critically monitored include applied chlorine doses, contact time, determination of chlorine demands of the medium, and the consideration of bacterial counts immediately after chlorination and in post chlorinated samples (regrowth). The protocol devised here appropriately assesses the chlorine-tolerant bacteria and urges the scientific community to report the regrowth characteristics as well. This would increase the confidence in data interpretation that can provide a better understanding of chlorine tolerance in bacteria and aid in formulating strategies for effective chlorination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinayak Gupta
- Alumnus, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore; School of Environment and Society, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sandeep Singh Shekhawat
- Department of Civil Engineering, Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur, India E-mail: ; School of Life and Basic Sciences, SIILAS Campus, Jaipur National University Jaipur, India
| | - Niha Mohan Kulshreshtha
- Department of Civil Engineering, Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur, India E-mail:
| | - Akhilendra Bhushan Gupta
- Department of Civil Engineering, Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur, India E-mail:
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16
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Xia Y, Liu J, Chen C, Mo X, Tan Q, He Y, Wang Z, Yin J, Zhou G. The Multifunctions and Future Prospects of Endophytes and Their Metabolites in Plant Disease Management. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10051072. [PMID: 35630514 PMCID: PMC9146654 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10051072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Endophytes represent a ubiquitous and magical world in plants. Almost all plant species studied by different researchers have been found to harbor one or more endophytes, which protect host plants from pathogen invasion and from adverse environmental conditions. They produce various metabolites that can directly inhibit the growth of pathogens and even promote the growth and development of the host plants. In this review, we focus on the biological control of plant diseases, aiming to elucidate the contribution and key roles of endophytes and their metabolites in this field with the latest research information. Metabolites synthesized by endophytes are part of plant disease management, and the application of endophyte metabolites to induce plant resistance is very promising. Furthermore, multi-omics should be more fully utilized in plant–microbe research, especially in mining novel bioactive metabolites. We believe that the utilization of endophytes and their metabolites for plant disease management is a meaningful and promising research direction that can lead to new breakthroughs in the development of more effective and ecosystem-friendly insecticides and fungicides in modern agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yandong Xia
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Control of Artificial Forest Diseases and Pests in South China, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Control of Forest Diseases and Pests, Key Laboratory for Non-Wood Forest Cultivation and Conservation of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China; (Y.X.); (J.L.); (X.M.); (Q.T.); (Y.H.); (Z.W.)
| | - Junang Liu
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Control of Artificial Forest Diseases and Pests in South China, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Control of Forest Diseases and Pests, Key Laboratory for Non-Wood Forest Cultivation and Conservation of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China; (Y.X.); (J.L.); (X.M.); (Q.T.); (Y.H.); (Z.W.)
| | - Cang Chen
- College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China;
| | - Xiuli Mo
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Control of Artificial Forest Diseases and Pests in South China, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Control of Forest Diseases and Pests, Key Laboratory for Non-Wood Forest Cultivation and Conservation of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China; (Y.X.); (J.L.); (X.M.); (Q.T.); (Y.H.); (Z.W.)
| | - Qian Tan
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Control of Artificial Forest Diseases and Pests in South China, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Control of Forest Diseases and Pests, Key Laboratory for Non-Wood Forest Cultivation and Conservation of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China; (Y.X.); (J.L.); (X.M.); (Q.T.); (Y.H.); (Z.W.)
| | - Yuan He
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Control of Artificial Forest Diseases and Pests in South China, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Control of Forest Diseases and Pests, Key Laboratory for Non-Wood Forest Cultivation and Conservation of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China; (Y.X.); (J.L.); (X.M.); (Q.T.); (Y.H.); (Z.W.)
| | - Zhikai Wang
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Control of Artificial Forest Diseases and Pests in South China, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Control of Forest Diseases and Pests, Key Laboratory for Non-Wood Forest Cultivation and Conservation of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China; (Y.X.); (J.L.); (X.M.); (Q.T.); (Y.H.); (Z.W.)
| | - Jia Yin
- College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China;
- Correspondence: (J.Y.); (G.Z.)
| | - Guoying Zhou
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Control of Artificial Forest Diseases and Pests in South China, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Control of Forest Diseases and Pests, Key Laboratory for Non-Wood Forest Cultivation and Conservation of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China; (Y.X.); (J.L.); (X.M.); (Q.T.); (Y.H.); (Z.W.)
- Correspondence: (J.Y.); (G.Z.)
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17
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Njoku KL, Ude EO, Jegede TO, Adeyanju OZ, Iheme PO. Characterization of hydrocarbon degrading microorganisms from Glycine max and Zea mays phytoremediated crude oil contaminated soil. Environ Anal Health Toxicol 2022; 37:e2022008-0. [PMID: 35878916 PMCID: PMC9314210 DOI: 10.5620/eaht.2022008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbe-plant partnership in phytoremediation involves a synergistic interaction that leads to degradation of contaminants. The identification and characterization of these microorganisms is fundamental in environmental management. This study is aimed at investigating the influence of Glycine max and Zea mays on microbial make-up and differentiation of soil bacterial and fungal isolates in crude oil contaminated soil. We employed conventional technique of microbial isolation and gene sequencing to evaluate the microbial composition in crude oil contaminated soil. The microorganisms were isolated from crude oil contaminated soil (0%, 4%, 8%) and were identified using 16S rRNA gene (for bacteria) and Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) gene (for fungi). We observed a change in the microbial cell density with respect to treatment conditions implying a shift in microbial dynamics to total hydrocarbon utilizing bacteria as the dominant microbes. The sequence data revealed five bacteria strain; Klebsiella aerogenes strain 77, Klebsiella aerogenes strain UISO178, Salmonella enterica strain ABUH7, Klebsiella aerogenes strain M242 and Enterobacter sp. NCCP-607 and three fungi strains; Galactomyces geotrichum strain CBS, Aspergillus niger strain YMCHA73 and Trichoderma virens isolate A701. Annotation analysis using FGENESB and gene scan revealed proteins involved in various metabolic processes and hydrocarbon utilization. GHOSTKOLA output revealed several genetic elements and pathways such as DnaA, PYG, mrcA, environmental, cellular and genetic information processing and degradation enhancers. Our findings show that G. max and Z. mays in association with bacteria can enhance ecosystem restoration of crude oil contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelechi L Njoku
- Environmental Biology Research Unit, Cell Biology and Genetics Department, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos,
Nigeria
- Correspondence:
| | - Eme O Ude
- Environmental Biology Research Unit, Cell Biology and Genetics Department, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos,
Nigeria
- Helmholtz Zentrum UFZ, Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Leipzig,
Germany
| | - Temitope O Jegede
- Environmental Biology Research Unit, Cell Biology and Genetics Department, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos,
Nigeria
| | - Omotoyosi Z Adeyanju
- Environmental Biology Research Unit, Cell Biology and Genetics Department, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos,
Nigeria
| | - Patricia O Iheme
- Environmental Biology Research Unit, Cell Biology and Genetics Department, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos,
Nigeria
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18
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Kumar G, Lal S, Maurya SK, Bhattacherjee AK, Chaudhary P, Gangola S, Rajan S. Exploration of Klebsiella pneumoniae M6 for paclobutrazol degradation, plant growth attributes, and biocontrol action under subtropical ecosystem. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0261338. [PMID: 34914805 PMCID: PMC8675670 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0261338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent times, injudicious use of paclobutrazol (PBZ) in mango orchards deteriorates the soil quality and fertility by persistence nature and causes a serious ecosystem imbalance. In this study, a new Klebsiella pneumoniae strain M6 (MW228061) was isolated from mango rhizosphere and characterized as a potent plant growth promoter, biocontrol, and PBZ degrading agent. The strain M6 efficiently utilizes PBZ as carbon, energy and nitrogen source and degrades up to 98.28% (50 mgL-1 initial conc.) of PBZ at 15th day of incubation in MS medium. In the soil system first order degradation kinetics and linear model suggested 4.5 days was the theoretical half-life (t1/2 value) of PBZ with strain M6. Box Behnken design (BBD) model of Response surface methodology (RSM) showed pH 7.0, 31°C temperature, and 2.0 ml inoculum size (8 x 109 CFU mL-1) was optimized condition for maximum PBZ degradation with strain M6. Plant growth promoting attributes such as Zn, K, PO4 solubilization IAA, HCN and NH3 production of strain M6 showed positive results and were assessed quantitatively. The relation between plant growth promotion and PBZ degradation was analyzed by heat map, principal component analysis (PCA) and, clustal correlation analysis (CCA). Strain M6 was also showing a significant biocontrol activity against pathogenic fungi such as Fusarium oxysporum (MTCC–284), Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (MTCC– 2190), Pythium aphanidermatum (MTCC– 1024), Tropical race 1 (TR -1), and Tropical race 4 (TR -4). Hence, results of the study suggested that strain M6 can be utilized as an effective bio-agent to restore degraded land affected by persistent use of paclobutrazol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Govind Kumar
- ICAR-Central Institute for Subtropical Horticulture, Lucknow, India
- * E-mail:
| | - Shatrohan Lal
- ICAR-Central Institute for Subtropical Horticulture, Lucknow, India
| | | | | | - Parul Chaudhary
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, NDRI, Karnal, Haryana, India
| | | | - Shailendra Rajan
- ICAR-Central Institute for Subtropical Horticulture, Lucknow, India
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19
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Osbelt L, Wende M, Almási É, Derksen E, Muthukumarasamy U, Lesker TR, Galvez EJC, Pils MC, Schalk E, Chhatwal P, Färber J, Neumann-Schaal M, Fischer T, Schlüter D, Strowig T. Klebsiella oxytoca causes colonization resistance against multidrug-resistant K. pneumoniae in the gut via cooperative carbohydrate competition. Cell Host Microbe 2021; 29:1663-1679.e7. [PMID: 34610293 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2021.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Gut colonization with multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria enhances the risk of bloodstream infections in susceptible individuals. We demonstrate highly variable degrees of ex vivo colonization resistance against a carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae strain in human feces samples and subsequently isolate diverse K. oxytoca strains from protected donors. Several of these K. oxytoca strains reduce gut colonization of MDR K. pneumoniae strains in antibiotic-treated and gnotobiotic mouse models. Comparative analysis of K. oxytoca strains coupled with CRISPR-Cas9-mediated deletion of casA, a protein essential for utilization of selected beta-glucosides, identified competition for specific carbohydrates as key in promoting colonization resistance. In addition to direct competition between K. oxytoca and K. pneumoniae, cooperation with additional commensals is required to reestablish full colonization resistance and gut decolonization. Finally, humanized microbiota mice generated from K. pneumoniae-susceptible donors are protected by K. oxytoca administration, demonstrating the potential of commensal K. oxytoca strains as next-generation probiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Osbelt
- Department of Microbial Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany; ESF International Graduate School on Analysis, Imaging and Modelling of Neuronal and Inflammatory Processes, Otto-Von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Marie Wende
- Department of Microbial Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany; ESF International Graduate School on Analysis, Imaging and Modelling of Neuronal and Inflammatory Processes, Otto-Von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Éva Almási
- Department of Microbial Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Derksen
- Department of Microbial Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | | | - Till R Lesker
- Department of Microbial Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Eric J C Galvez
- Department of Microbial Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Marina C Pils
- Mouse-Pathology Platform, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Enrico Schalk
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Patrick Chhatwal
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Epidemiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jacqueline Färber
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Meina Neumann-Schaal
- Bacterial Metabolomics, Leibniz Institute DSMZ - German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Thomas Fischer
- ESF International Graduate School on Analysis, Imaging and Modelling of Neuronal and Inflammatory Processes, Otto-Von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany; Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Dirk Schlüter
- ESF International Graduate School on Analysis, Imaging and Modelling of Neuronal and Inflammatory Processes, Otto-Von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany; Department of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Epidemiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Till Strowig
- Department of Microbial Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany; Cluster of Excellence RESIST (EXC 2155), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; Center for Individualized Infection Medicine, Hannover, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Hannover-Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany.
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20
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Wang HY, Chen XC, Yan ZH, Tu F, He T, Gopinath SCB, Rui XH, Cao FT. Human neutrophil peptide 1 promotes immune sterilization in vivo by reducing the virulence of multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae and increasing the ability of macrophages. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2021; 69:2091-2101. [PMID: 34664729 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
By studying the expression in patients and cell modeling in vitro, antimicrobial peptides for Klebsiella were screened. Killing curve and membrane permeability experiments are used to study the antibacterial effect of antimicrobial peptides in vitro. Cytotoxicity-related indicators including lipopolysaccharide (LPS), capsule polysaccharide (CPS), and outer membrane protein expression were measured. Intranasal inoculation of pneumoconiosis was used to construct a mouse infection model, and the survival rate and cytokine expression level were tested. Human neutrophil peptide 1 (HNP-1) showed a significant antibacterial effect, which improved the permeability of the outer membrane of K. pneumoniae. Moreover, HNP-1 decreased LPS, CPS content, and outer membrane proteins. K. pneumoniae infection decreased antimicrobial peptide, oxidative stress, and autophagy-related genes, while HNP-1 increased these genes. After coculture with macrophages, the endocytosis of macrophages is enhanced and the bacterial load is greater in the K. pneumoniae + peptide group. Besides, higher levels of pp38 and pp65 in the K. pneumoniae + peptide group. HNP-1 rescued the cytotoxicity induced by K. pneumoniae. The survival rate is significantly improved after K. pneumoniae is treated by HNP-1. All cytokines in the peptide group were significantly higher. HNP-1 promotes immune sterilization by reducing the virulence of multidrug-resistant K. pneumoniae and increasing the ability of macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Yun Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Jiangyin Traditional Hospital, Wuxi 214005, China
| | - Xiao-Chun Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Taizhou Second People's Hospital, Jiangyan District, Taizhou City, China
| | - Zhi-Han Yan
- Hepatology Department, Wuxi Fifth People's Hospital, Wuxi, China
| | - Fan Tu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wuxi Fifth People's Hospital, Wuxi, China
| | - Tian He
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wuxi Fifth People's Hospital, Wuxi, China
| | - Subash C B Gopinath
- Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Perlis, Malaysia.,Faculty of Chemical Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Perlis, Malaysia
| | - Xiao-Hong Rui
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wuxi Fifth People's Hospital, Wuxi, China
| | - Fu-Tao Cao
- Emergency Department, Wuxi Second People's Hospital, Wuxi, China
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Duran-Bedolla J, Garza-Ramos U, Rodríguez-Medina N, Aguilar Vera A, Barrios-Camacho H. Exploring the environmental traits and applications of Klebsiella variicola. Braz J Microbiol 2021; 52:2233-2245. [PMID: 34626346 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-021-00630-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Klebsiella variicola has been found in various natural niches, alone or in association with other bacteria, and causes diseases in animals and plants with important economic and environmental impacts. K. variicola has the capacity to fix nitrogen in the rhizosphere and soil; produces indole acetic acid, acetoin, and ammonia; and dissolves phosphorus and potassium, which play an important role in plant growth promotion and nutrition. Some members of K. variicola have properties such as halotolerance and alkalotolerance, conferring an evolutionary advantage. In the environmental protection, K. variicola can be used in the wastewater treatment, biodegradation, and bioremediation of polluted soil, either alone or in association with other organisms. In addition, it has the potential to carry out industrial processes in the food and pharmaceutical industries, like the production of maltose and glucose by the catalysis of debranching unmodified oligosaccharides by the pullulanase enzyme. Finally, this bacterium has the ability to transform chemical energy into electrical energy, such as a biocatalyst, which could be useful in the near future. These properties show that K. variicola should be considered an eco-friendly bacterium with hopeful technological promise. In this review, we explore the most significant aspects of K. variicola and highlight its potential applications in environmental and biotechnological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josefina Duran-Bedolla
- Centro de Investigación Sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas (CISEI), Laboratorio de Resistencia Bacteriana, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública (INSP), Av. Universidad # 655, Col. Sta. Ma. Ahuacatitlán, C.P. 62100, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Ulises Garza-Ramos
- Centro de Investigación Sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas (CISEI), Laboratorio de Resistencia Bacteriana, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública (INSP), Av. Universidad # 655, Col. Sta. Ma. Ahuacatitlán, C.P. 62100, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Nadia Rodríguez-Medina
- Centro de Investigación Sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas (CISEI), Laboratorio de Resistencia Bacteriana, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública (INSP), Av. Universidad # 655, Col. Sta. Ma. Ahuacatitlán, C.P. 62100, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Aguilar Vera
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Programa de Genómica Funcional de Procariotes, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Humberto Barrios-Camacho
- Centro de Investigación Sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas (CISEI), Laboratorio de Resistencia Bacteriana, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública (INSP), Av. Universidad # 655, Col. Sta. Ma. Ahuacatitlán, C.P. 62100, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
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22
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Li J, Wang W, Chen S, Shao T, Tao X, Yuan X. Effect of Lactic Acid Bacteria on the Fermentation Quality and Mycotoxins Concentrations of Corn Silage Infested with Mycotoxigenic Fungi. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:toxins13100699. [PMID: 34678992 PMCID: PMC8537395 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13100699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) on fermentation quality, mycotoxin concentrations, and microbial communities of whole-crop corn silages infested with mycotoxigenic fungi. Cultured spores (106 cfu/mL) of mycotoxigenic Aspergillus flavus and Fusarium graminearum were sprayed (5 mL) on corn forage on 27 July and 10 August 2018. On 21 August 2018, sprayed (FI; 3 plots) and unsprayed (NFI; 3 plots) corn forage were harvested at the 1/2 kernel milk line stage, followed by chopping and ensiling without inoculants (CON), or with Lactobacillus buchneri (LB, 1 × 106 cfu/g FW), Lactobacillus plantarum (LT, 1 × 106 cfu/g FW), or L. buchneri + L. plantarum (BT: both L. buchneri and L. plantarum applied at 0.5 × 106 cfu/g FW). After 90 d of ensiling, FI silages had a higher (p < 0.05) pH value and higher acetic acid (ACA), ethanol, and ammonia nitrogen (ammonia N) concentrations, but lower (p < 0.05) lactic acid (LA) concentrations than NFI silage. The inoculants decreased pH and increased LA concentration and LA/ACA compared with CON. The aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) was only detected in FI fresh corn and silages; ensiling decreased (p < 0.05) AFB1 concentration compared with fresh corn, and LB and BT decreased AFB1 concentration compared with CON. The zearalenone (ZEN), deoxynivalenol (DON), and fumonisin B1 (FB1) concentrations were similar (p < 0.05) for NFI silages, while ZEN concentration in BT was the lowest (p < 0.05) among all FI silages; DON and FB1 concentrations in LB, LT, and BT silages were significantly lower (p < 0.05) than those of CON in FI silages. The fungal infestation increased the bacterial and fungal diversity of silages compared with NFI silages. The FI silages had a higher relative abundance (RA) of Lactobacillus, Weissella, Wickerhamomyces, Pichia, and Epicoccum than the corresponding NFI silages. The RA of Aspergillus and Fusarium markedly decreased after 90 d of ensiling, and the inoculation expanded this trend irrespective of fungal infestation. The Penicillium in FI silages survived after 90 d of ensiling, while the inoculants decreased the RA of Penicillium. Inoculants mitigate the adverse effects of fungal infestation on corn silage quality by changing the bacterial and fungal communities.
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Sun S, Wang Y, Shu L, Lu X, Wang Q, Zhu C, Shi J, Lye GJ, Baganz F, Hao J. Redirection of the central metabolism of Klebsiella pneumoniae towards dihydroxyacetone production. Microb Cell Fact 2021; 20:123. [PMID: 34187467 PMCID: PMC8243499 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-021-01608-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Klebsiella pneumoniae is a bacterium that can be used as producer for numerous chemicals. Glycerol can be catabolised by K. pneumoniae and dihydroxyacetone is an intermediate of this catabolism pathway. Here dihydroxyacetone and glycerol were produced from glucose by this bacterium based a redirected glycerol catabolism pathway. Results tpiA, encoding triosephosphate isomerase, was knocked out to block the further catabolism of dihydroxyacetone phosphate in the glycolysis. After overexpression of a Corynebacterium glutamicum dihydroxyacetone phosphate dephosphorylase (hdpA), the engineered strain produced remarkable levels of dihydroxyacetone (7.0 g/L) and glycerol (2.5 g/L) from glucose. Further increase in product formation were obtained by knocking out gapA encoding an iosenzyme of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase. There are two dihydroxyacetone kinases in K. pneumoniae. They were both disrupted to prevent an inefficient reaction cycle between dihydroxyacetone phosphate and dihydroxyacetone, and the resulting strains had a distinct improvement in dihydroxyacetone and glycerol production. pH 6.0 and low air supplement were identified as the optimal conditions for dihydroxyacetone and glycerol production by K, pneumoniae ΔtpiA-ΔDHAK-hdpA. In fed batch fermentation 23.9 g/L of dihydroxyacetone and 10.8 g/L of glycerol were produced after 91 h of cultivation, with the total conversion ratio of 0.97 mol/mol glucose. Conclusions This study provides a novel and highly efficient way of dihydroxyacetone and glycerol production from glucose. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12934-021-01608-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoqi Sun
- Lab of Biorefinery, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 99 Haike Road, Pudong, Shanghai, 201210, People's Republic of China.,School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, People's Republic of China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Yike Wang
- Lab of Biorefinery, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 99 Haike Road, Pudong, Shanghai, 201210, People's Republic of China.,School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Shu
- Lab of Biorefinery, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 99 Haike Road, Pudong, Shanghai, 201210, People's Republic of China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiyang Lu
- Lab of Biorefinery, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 99 Haike Road, Pudong, Shanghai, 201210, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinghui Wang
- Lab of Biorefinery, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 99 Haike Road, Pudong, Shanghai, 201210, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenguang Zhu
- School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiping Shi
- Lab of Biorefinery, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 99 Haike Road, Pudong, Shanghai, 201210, People's Republic of China.,School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gary J Lye
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, University College London, Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AH, UK
| | - Frank Baganz
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, University College London, Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AH, UK.
| | - Jian Hao
- Lab of Biorefinery, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 99 Haike Road, Pudong, Shanghai, 201210, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Biochemical Engineering, University College London, Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AH, UK. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China.
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Medina-Cordoba LK, Chande AT, Rishishwar L, Mayer LW, Valderrama-Aguirre LC, Valderrama-Aguirre A, Gaby JC, Kostka JE, Jordan IK. Genomic characterization and computational phenotyping of nitrogen-fixing bacteria isolated from Colombian sugarcane fields. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9187. [PMID: 33911103 PMCID: PMC8080613 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-88380-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown the sugarcane microbiome harbors diverse plant growth promoting microorganisms, including nitrogen-fixing bacteria (diazotrophs), which can serve as biofertilizers. The genomes of 22 diazotrophs from Colombian sugarcane fields were sequenced to investigate potential biofertilizers. A genome-enabled computational phenotyping approach was developed to prioritize sugarcane associated diazotrophs according to their potential as biofertilizers. This method selects isolates that have potential for nitrogen fixation and other plant growth promoting (PGP) phenotypes while showing low risk for virulence and antibiotic resistance. Intact nitrogenase (nif) genes and operons were found in 18 of the isolates. Isolates also encode phosphate solubilization and siderophore production operons, and other PGP genes. The majority of sugarcane isolates showed uniformly low predicted virulence and antibiotic resistance compared to clinical isolates. Six strains with the highest overall genotype scores were experimentally evaluated for nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilization, and the production of siderophores, gibberellic acid, and indole acetic acid. Results from the biochemical assays were consistent and validated computational phenotype predictions. A genotypic and phenotypic threshold was observed that separated strains by their potential for PGP versus predicted pathogenicity. Our results indicate that computational phenotyping is a promising tool for the assessment of bacteria detected in agricultural ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luz K Medina-Cordoba
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.,PanAmerican Bioinformatics Institute, Cali, Valle del Cauca, Colombia
| | - Aroon T Chande
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.,PanAmerican Bioinformatics Institute, Cali, Valle del Cauca, Colombia.,Applied Bioinformatics Laboratory, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Lavanya Rishishwar
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.,PanAmerican Bioinformatics Institute, Cali, Valle del Cauca, Colombia.,Applied Bioinformatics Laboratory, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Leonard W Mayer
- PanAmerican Bioinformatics Institute, Cali, Valle del Cauca, Colombia.,Applied Bioinformatics Laboratory, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Lina C Valderrama-Aguirre
- PanAmerican Bioinformatics Institute, Cali, Valle del Cauca, Colombia.,Laboratory of Microorganismal Production (Bioinoculums), Department of Field Research in Sugarcane, INCAUCA S.A.S., Cali, Valle del Cauca, Colombia
| | - Augusto Valderrama-Aguirre
- PanAmerican Bioinformatics Institute, Cali, Valle del Cauca, Colombia.,Universidad Santiago de Cali, Cali, Colombia
| | - John Christian Gaby
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Joel E Kostka
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA. .,PanAmerican Bioinformatics Institute, Cali, Valle del Cauca, Colombia. .,School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, 310 Ferst Dr NW, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.
| | - I King Jordan
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA. .,PanAmerican Bioinformatics Institute, Cali, Valle del Cauca, Colombia. .,Applied Bioinformatics Laboratory, Atlanta, GA, USA. .,School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, 950 Atlantic Dr NW, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.
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25
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Dudeja SS, Suneja-Madan P, Paul M, Maheswari R, Kothe E. Bacterial endophytes: Molecular interactions with their hosts. J Basic Microbiol 2021; 61:475-505. [PMID: 33834549 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.202000657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Revised: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Plant growth promotion has been found associated with plants on the surface (epiphytic), inside (endophytic), or close to the plant roots (rhizospheric). Endophytic bacteria mainly have been researched for their beneficial activities in terms of nutrient availability, plant growth hormones, and control of soil-borne and systemic pathogens. Molecular communications leading to these interactions between plants and endophytic bacteria are now being unrevealed using multidisciplinary approaches with advanced techniques such as metagenomics, metaproteomics, metatranscriptomics, metaproteogenomic, microRNAs, microarray, chips as well as the comparison of complete genome sequences. More than 400 genes in both the genomes of host plant and bacterial endophyte are up- or downregulated for the establishment of endophytism and plant growth-promoting activity. The involvement of more than 20 genes for endophytism, about 50 genes for direct plant growth promotion, about 25 genes for biocontrol activity, and about 10 genes for mitigation of different stresses has been identified in various bacterial endophytes. This review summarizes the progress that has been made in recent years by these modern techniques and approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surjit S Dudeja
- Department of Bio & Nanotechnology, Guru Jambeshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar, India
| | - Pooja Suneja-Madan
- Department of Microbiology, Maharishi Dayanand University, Rohtak, India
| | - Minakshi Paul
- Department of Bio & Nanotechnology, Guru Jambeshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar, India
| | - Rajat Maheswari
- Department of Microbiology, Maharishi Dayanand University, Rohtak, India
| | - Erika Kothe
- Microbial Communication, Institute of Microbiology, Faculty for Biosciences, Friedrich Schiller University of Jena, Jena, Germany
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26
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Rajkumari J, Choudhury Y, Bhattacharjee K, Pandey P. Rhizodegradation of Pyrene by a Non-pathogenic Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolate Applied With Tagetes erecta L. and Changes in the Rhizobacterial Community. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:593023. [PMID: 33708179 PMCID: PMC7940843 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.593023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The non-clinical Klebsiella pneumoniae variants, isolated from different environments, are now well acknowledged for their role in plant-growth promotion and biodegradation of pollutants. In the present study, a non-clinical environmental isolate K. pneumoniae AWD5 is being described for rhizoremediation of pyrene, applied through the rhizosphere of an ornamental plant, Tagetes erecta L (marigold). The non-pathogenic nature of AWD5 was established using an in vivo mouse model experiment, where AWD5 was unable to cause lung infection in tested mice. Degradation of pyrene, in the presence of succinate as co-substrate, was observed to be 87.5% by AWD5, after 21 days of incubation in minimal (Bushnell–Hass) medium in vitro conditions. Consequently, the bacterial inoculation through the rhizosphere of T. erecta L. plants resulted in 68.61% degradation of pyrene, which was significantly higher than control soil. Inoculation of AWD5 also improved plant growth and exhibited an increase in root length (14.64%), dry root weight (80.56%), shoot length (3.26%), and dry shoot weight (45.35%) after 60 days of incubation. T. erecta L., an ornamental plant, was also found to be suitable for bioremediation of pyrene. The effect of AWD5 application, and rhizoremediation process, on rhizosphere bacterial diversity and community structure has been studied using the metagenomic analysis of the 16S (V3–V4) region of rRNA. 37 bacterial phyla constituted the core microbiome, which was dominated by Proteobacteria followed by Actinobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Planctomycetes for all the treatments. AWD5 inoculation enhanced the relative abundance of Firmicutes and Acidobacteria as compared with other treatments. Genus Kaistobacter and Verrucomicrobia were found to be an abundant indigenous population in pyrene-spiked soils. Bacterial richness and diversity were analyzed using the Shannon–Wiener (H) index. A lower diversity index was observed in pyrene-spiked soils. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) showed a possible linkage with plant growth attributes and available nitrogen content that influences diversity and abundance of the bacterial community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jina Rajkumari
- Department of Microbiology, Assam University, Silchar, India
| | | | | | - Piyush Pandey
- Department of Microbiology, Assam University, Silchar, India
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Shen X, Yin L, Ma H, Pan X, Zhang D, Zhao R, Dai Y, Hou H, Hu X. Comprehensive genomic analysis and characterization of a new ST 174 type Klebsiella variicola strain isolated from chicken embryos. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2021; 90:104768. [PMID: 33588064 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2021.104768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Klebsiella variicola is a widespread opportunistic pathogen that causes infections in humans and animals. Herein a novel Klebsiella strain, AHKv-S01, was isolated and identified from dead chicken embryos in Anhui, China. Its genome contained a circular chromosome of 5,505,304 bp, with 5244 protein-coding genes, and an integrative conjugative element region containing 79 ORF sequences. AHKv-S01 was given a new sequence type number-174. Phylogenetic analyses showed that rpoB partial nucleotide sequences were highly reliable for identifying Klebsiella spp. Most of the 340 unique genes of AHKv-S01 were involved in cell envelop biogenesis, transcription, transport, and metabolic processes. Moreover, AHKv-S01 was sensitive to several antibiotics, but it showed strong resistance to penicillins, macrolides, and lincosamide. The genome contained three drug efflux pump superfamilies, β-lactamase genes, and fosfomycin resistance-related genes. Most drug resistance genes showed amino acid mutations. Multiple virulence and pathogenic factors were also identified, and they were mainly related to adhesion, secretion, iron acquisition, and immune evasion. Chicken embryo lethality assay results revealed that the 7-day chicken embryo lethality rate was 80%, 40%, and 50% for AHKv-S01, K. pneumoniae ATCC10031, and K. pneumoniae CICC24714, respectively. The median lethal dose of AHKv-S01 was 39.9 CFU/embryo. Even low infection levels of AHKv-S01 caused a significant reduction in chicken embryo hatchability. Severe pathological changes to the liver, heart, and brain tissues of embryos infected with AHKv-S01 were observed, and these changes appeared earlier in the heart and brain than in the liver. To conclude, our results provide a foundation for further studies aiming to assess the potential risk of K. variicola to poultry populations and production yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuehuai Shen
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Livestock and Poultry Epidemic Diseases Research Center of Anhui Province, Anhui, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Product Safety Engineering, Anhui, China
| | - Lei Yin
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Livestock and Poultry Epidemic Diseases Research Center of Anhui Province, Anhui, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Product Safety Engineering, Anhui, China
| | - Haitian Ma
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaocheng Pan
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Livestock and Poultry Epidemic Diseases Research Center of Anhui Province, Anhui, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Product Safety Engineering, Anhui, China.
| | - Danjun Zhang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Livestock and Poultry Epidemic Diseases Research Center of Anhui Province, Anhui, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Product Safety Engineering, Anhui, China.
| | - Ruihong Zhao
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Livestock and Poultry Epidemic Diseases Research Center of Anhui Province, Anhui, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Product Safety Engineering, Anhui, China
| | - Yin Dai
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Livestock and Poultry Epidemic Diseases Research Center of Anhui Province, Anhui, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Product Safety Engineering, Anhui, China
| | - Hongyan Hou
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Livestock and Poultry Epidemic Diseases Research Center of Anhui Province, Anhui, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Product Safety Engineering, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaomiao Hu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Livestock and Poultry Epidemic Diseases Research Center of Anhui Province, Anhui, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Product Safety Engineering, Anhui, China
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Photolo MM, Sitole L, Mavumengwana V, Tlou MG. Genomic and Physiological Investigation of Heavy Metal Resistance from Plant Endophytic Methylobacterium radiotolerans MAMP 4754, Isolated from Combretum erythrophyllum. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18030997. [PMID: 33498657 PMCID: PMC7908345 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18030997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Combretum erythrophyllum is an indigenous southern African tree species, a metal hyperaccumulator that has been used as a phytoextraction option for tailing dams in Johannesburg, South Africa. In hyperaccumulators, metal detoxification has also been linked or attributed to the activities of endophytes, and, in this regard, metal detoxification can be considered a form of endophytic behavior. Therefore, we report herein on the identification of proteins that confer heavy metal resistance, the in vitro characterization of heavy metal resistance, and the production of plant growth-promoting (PGP) volatiles by Methylobacterium radiotolerans MAMP 4754. Multigenome comparative analyses of M. radiotolerans MAMP 4754 against eight other endophytic strains led to the identification of zinc, copper, and nickel resistance proteins in the genome of this endophyte. The maximum tolerance concentration (MTC) of this strain towards these metals was also investigated. The metal-exposed cells were analyzed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The ethyl acetate and chloroform extracts (1:1 v/v) of heavy metal untreated M. radiotolerans MAMP 4754 were also screened for the production of PGP compounds by Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectroscopy (GC/MS). The MTC was recorded at 15 mM, 4 mM, and 12 mM for zinc, copper, and nickel, respectively. The TEM analysis showed the accumulation of metals in the intracellular environment of M. radiotolerans MAMP 4754, while the GC/MS analysis revealed several plant growth-promoting compounds, including alcohols, phthalate esters, alkenes, ketones, sulfide derivatives, phenols, and thiazoles. Our findings suggest that the genetic makeup of M. radiotolerans MAMP 4754 encodes heavy metal resistant proteins that indicate hyperaccumulator-specific endophytic behavior and the potential for application in bioremediation. The production of plant growth-promoting volatiles in pure culture by M. raditotolerans MAMP 4754 is a characteristic feature for plant growth-promoting bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mampolelo M. Photolo
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Auckland Park Campus, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg 2092, South Africa; (M.M.P.); (L.S.)
| | - Lungile Sitole
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Auckland Park Campus, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg 2092, South Africa; (M.M.P.); (L.S.)
| | - Vuyo Mavumengwana
- DST-NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, South African Medical Research Council Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Tygerberg Campus, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town 7505, South Africa;
| | - Matsobane G. Tlou
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, Mafikeng Campus, North-West University, Mafikeng 2790, South Africa
- Correspondence:
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29
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Weiten A, Kalvelage K, Becker P, Reinhardt R, Hurek T, Reinhold-Hurek B, Rabus R. Complete Genomes of the Anaerobic Degradation Specialists Aromatoleum petrolei ToN1T and Aromatoleum bremense PbN1T. Microb Physiol 2021; 31:16-35. [PMID: 33477134 DOI: 10.1159/000513167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The betaproteobacterial genus Aromatoleum comprises facultative denitrifiers specialized in the anaerobic degradation of recalcitrant organic compounds (aromatic and terpenoid). This study reports on the complete and manually annotated genomes of Ar. petrolei ToN1T (5.41 Mbp) and Ar. bremense PbN1T (4.38 Mbp), which cover the phylogenetic breadth of the genus Aromatoleum together with previously genome sequenced Ar. aromaticum EbN1T [Rabus et al., Arch Microbiol. 2005 Jan;183(1):27-36]. The gene clusters for the anaerobic degradation of aromatic and terpenoid (strain ToN1T only) compounds are scattered across the genomes of strains ToN1T and PbN1T. The richness in mobile genetic elements is shared with other Aromatoleum spp., substantiating that horizontal gene transfer should have been a major driver in shaping the genomes of this genus. The composite catabolic network of strains ToN1T and PbN1T comprises 88 proteins, the coding genes of which occupy 86.1 and 76.4 kbp (1.59 and 1.75%) of the respective genome. The strain-specific gene clusters for anaerobic degradation of ethyl-/propylbenzene (strain PbN1T) and toluene/monoterpenes (strain ToN1T) share high similarity with their counterparts in Ar. aromaticum strains EbN1T and pCyN1, respectively. Glucose is degraded via the ED-pathway in strain ToN1T, while gluconeogenesis proceeds via the reverse EMP-pathway in strains ToN1T, PbN1T, and EbN1T. The diazotrophic, endophytic lifestyle of closest related genus Azoarcus is known to be associated with nitrogenase and type-6 secretion system (T6SS). By contrast, strains ToN1T, PbN1T, and EbN1T lack nif genes for nitrogenase (including cofactor synthesis and enzyme maturation). Moreover, strains PbN1T and EbN1T do not possess tss genes for T6SS, while strain ToN1T does and facultative endophytic "Aromatoleum" sp. CIB is known to even have both. These findings underpin the functional heterogeneity among Aromatoleum members, correlating with the high plasticity of their genomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arne Weiten
- General and Molecular Microbiology, Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM), Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Kristin Kalvelage
- General and Molecular Microbiology, Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM), Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Patrick Becker
- General and Molecular Microbiology, Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM), Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Richard Reinhardt
- Max-Planck-Genome-Centre Cologne, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne, Germany
| | - Thomas Hurek
- Department of Microbe-Plant Interactions, Faculty of Biology and Chemistry, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Barbara Reinhold-Hurek
- Department of Microbe-Plant Interactions, Faculty of Biology and Chemistry, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Ralf Rabus
- General and Molecular Microbiology, Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM), Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany,
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Burragoni SG, Jeon J. Applications of endophytic microbes in agriculture, biotechnology, medicine, and beyond. Microbiol Res 2021; 245:126691. [PMID: 33508761 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2020.126691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Endophytes are emerging as integral components of plant microbiomes. Some of them play pivotal roles in plant development and plant responses to pathogens and abiotic stresses, whereas others produce useful and/or interesting secondary metabolites. The appreciation of their abilities to affect plant phenotypes and produce useful compounds via genetic and molecular interactions has paved the way for these abilities to be exploited for health and welfare of plants, humans and ecosystems. Here we comprehensively review current and potential applications of endophytes in the agricultural, pharmaceutical, and industrial sectors. In addition, we briefly discuss the research objectives that should be focused upon in the coming years in order for endophytes and their metabolites to be fully harnessed for potential use in diverse areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sravanthi Goud Burragoni
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life and Applied Sciences, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38541, Republic of Korea.
| | - Junhyun Jeon
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life and Applied Sciences, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38541, Republic of Korea.
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Mehmood A, Naseer S, Ali A, Fatimah H, Rehman S, Kiani AK. Identification of novel vaccine candidates against carbapenem resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae: A systematic reverse proteomic approach. Comput Biol Chem 2020; 89:107380. [PMID: 32992120 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2020.107380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Klebsiella pneumoniae is declared as antibiotic resistant by WHO, with the critical urgency of developing novel antimicrobial therapeutics as drug resistance is the second most dangerous threat after terrorism. Besides many attempts still, there is no effective vaccine available against K. pneumoniae. By utilizing all the available proteomic data we prioritized the novel proteins ideal for vaccine development using bioinformatics tools and techniques. Among the huge data, eight proteins passed all the barriers and were considered ideal candidates for vaccine development. These include: copper silver efflux system outer membrane protein (CusC), outer membrane porin protein (OmpN), Fe++ enterobactin transporter substrate binding protein (fepB), zinc transporter substrate binding protein (ZnuA), ribonuclease HI, tellurite resistant methyltransferase (the B), and two uncharacterized hypothetical proteins (WP_002918223 and WP_002892366). These proteins were also subjected to epitope analysis and were found best for developing subunit vaccine against K. pneumoniae. The study shows that the potential vaccine targets are sufficiently efficient being virulent, of outer membranous origin and can be proposed for the DNA third-generation vaccines development that would help to cope up infections caused by multidrug-resistant K. pneumoniae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asim Mehmood
- Department of Biology and Environmental Science, Faculty of Sciences, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Samar Naseer
- Department of Biology and Environmental Science, Faculty of Sciences, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Amjad Ali
- Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Atta Ur Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences & Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Hina Fatimah
- Department of Biology and Environmental Science, Faculty of Sciences, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Shazia Rehman
- Department of Botany, Rawalpindi Women University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Aysha Karim Kiani
- Department of Biology and Environmental Science, Faculty of Sciences, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Draft Genome Sequences of Plant-Pathogenic Klebsiella variicola Strains Isolated from Plantain in Haiti. Microbiol Resour Announc 2020; 9:9/29/e00336-20. [PMID: 32675179 PMCID: PMC7365790 DOI: 10.1128/mra.00336-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The genus Klebsiella includes pathogenic and nonpathogenic species. We report the 5.57-Mb genome sequences of two Klebsiella variicola strains, G18-1365 and G18-1376, isolated from symptomatic plantain plants in Haiti. These strains are genetically closely related (average nucleotide identity [ANI] > 99%) to the previously described type strain of K. variicola, DSM 15968. The genus Klebsiella includes pathogenic and nonpathogenic species. We report the 5.57-Mb genome sequences of two Klebsiella variicola strains, G18-1365 and G18-1376, isolated from symptomatic plantain plants in Haiti. These strains are genetically closely related (average nucleotide identity [ANI] > 99%) to the previously described type strain of K. variicola, DSM 15968.
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Deciphering the Root Endosphere Microbiome of the Desert Plant Alhagi sparsifolia for Drought Resistance-Promoting Bacteria. Appl Environ Microbiol 2020; 86:AEM.02863-19. [PMID: 32220847 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02863-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Drought is among the most destructive abiotic stresses limiting crop growth and yield worldwide. Although most research has focused on the contribution of plant-associated microbial communities to plant growth and disease suppression, far less is known about the microbes involved in drought resistance among desert plants. In the present study, we applied 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing to determine the structure of rhizosphere and root endosphere microbiomes of Alhagi sparsifolia Compared to those of the rhizosphere, endosphere microbiomes had lower diversity but contained several taxa with higher relative abundance; many of these taxa were also present in the roots of other desert plants. We isolated a Pseudomonas strain (LTGT-11-2Z) that was prevalent in root endosphere microbiomes of A. sparsifolia and promoted drought resistance during incubation with wheat. Complete genome sequencing of LTGT-11-2Z revealed 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminases, siderophore, spermidine, and colanic acid biosynthetic genes, as well as type VI secretion system (T6SS) genes, which are likely involved in biofilm formation and plant-microbe interactions. Together, these results indicate that drought-enduring plants harbor bacterial endophytes favorable to plant drought resistance, and they suggest that novel endophytic bacterial taxa and gene resources may be discovered among these desert plants.IMPORTANCE Understanding microbe-mediated plant resistance to drought is important for sustainable agriculture. We performed 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and culture-dependent functional analyses of Alhagi sparsifolia rhizosphere and root endosphere microbiomes and identified key endophytic bacterial taxa and their genes facilitating drought resistance in wheat. This study improves our understanding of plant drought resistance and provides new avenues for drought resistance improvement in crop plants under field conditions.
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Rajkumari J, Chakraborty S, Pandey P. Distinctive features gleaned from the comparative genomes analysis of clinical and non-clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae. Bioinformation 2020; 16:256-268. [PMID: 32308268 PMCID: PMC7147497 DOI: 10.6026/97320630016256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
It is of interest to describe the distinctive features gleaned from the comparative genome analysis of clinical and non-clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae. The core genome of K. pneumoinae consisted of 3568 genes. Comparative genome analysis shows that mdtABCD, toxin-antitoxin systems are unique to clinical isolates and catB, benA, and transporter genes for citrate utilization are exclusive to non-clinical isolates. We further noted aromatic compound degrading genes in non-clinical isolates unlike in the later isolates. We grouped 88 core genes into 3 groups linked to infections, drug-resistance or xenobiotic metabolism using codon usage variation analysis. It is inferred using the neutrality plot analysis of GC12 with GC3 that codon usage variation is dominant over mutation pressure. Thus, we document data to distinguish clinical and non-clinical isolates of K. pneumoniae using comparative genomes analysis for understanding of genome diversity during speciation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jina Rajkumari
- Department of Microbiology, Assam University, Silchar 788011, Assam, India
| | | | - Piyush Pandey
- Department of Microbiology, Assam University, Silchar 788011, Assam, India
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Aerobic nitrogen-fixing bacteria for hydrogen and ammonium production: current state and perspectives. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 104:1383-1399. [PMID: 31879824 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-10210-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/20/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) is accomplished through the action of the oxygen-sensitive enzyme nitrogenase. One unique caveat of this reaction is the inclusion of hydrogen gas (H2) evolution as a requirement of the reaction mechanism. In the absence of nitrogen gas as a substrate, nitrogenase will reduce available protons to become a directional ATP-dependent hydrogenase. Aerobic nitrogen-fixing microbes are of particular interest, because these organisms have evolved to perform these reactions with oxygen-sensitive enzymes in an environment surrounded by oxygen. The ability to maintain a functioning nitrogenase in aerobic conditions facilitates the application of these organisms under conditions where most anaerobic nitrogen fixers are excluded. In recent years, questions related to the potential yields of the nitrogenase-derived products ammonium and H2 have grown more approachable to experimentation based on efforts to construct increasingly more complicated strains of aerobic nitrogen fixers such as the obligate aerobe Azotobacter vinelandii. This mini-review provides perspectives of recent and historical efforts to understand and quantify the yields of ammonium and H2 that can be obtained through the model aerobe A. vinelandii, and outstanding questions that remain to be answered to fully realize the potential of nitrogenase in these applications with model aerobic bacteria.
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Jia S, Wu J, Ye L, Zhao F, Li T, Zhang XX. Metagenomic assembly provides a deep insight into the antibiotic resistome alteration induced by drinking water chlorination and its correlations with bacterial host changes. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2019; 379:120841. [PMID: 31279312 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.120841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Chlorination can contribute to the enrichment of specific antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in drinking water, but the underlying molecular ecological mechanisms remain unknown, which may hinder the assessment and control of the resulting health risks. In this study, metagenomic assembly and Resfams annotation were used to profile the co-occurrence patterns of ARGs, mobile genetic elements (MGEs) and their bacterial hosts, as well as the correlations of potential pathogens with the antibiotic resistome, in a full-scale drinking water treatment and transportation system. Seven ARG types involved in different resistance mechanisms occurred in drinking water and chlorination enhanced the total abundance of the ARGs (p < 0.05). The ARGs encoding resistance-nodulation-cell division and ATP-binding cassette antibiotic efflux pumps predominated in all the samples and were primarily responsible for the ARG accumulation. After chlorination, the ARGs were primarily carried by predominant Sphingomonas, Polaromonas, Hyphomicrobium, Acidovorax, Pseudomonas and Fluviicola. Further, enrichment of the bacterial hosts and MGEs greatly contributed to alteration of the antibiotic resistome. Pseudomonas alcaligenes, carrying multiple ARGs, was identified as a potential pathogen in the chlorinated drinking water. These findings provide novel insights into the host-ARG relationship and the mechanism underlying the resistome alteration during drinking water chlorination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyu Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Environmental Health Research Center, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jialu Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Environmental Health Research Center, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Lin Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Environmental Health Research Center, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Fuzheng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Environmental Health Research Center, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Tong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Environmental Health Research Center, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xu-Xiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Environmental Health Research Center, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
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Chattopadhyay P, Banerjee G. Corticosteroid Catabolism by Klebsiella pneumoniae as a Possible Mechanism for Increased Pneumonia Risk. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2019; 20:309-316. [PMID: 30868949 DOI: 10.2174/1389201020666190313153841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae are responsible for causing pneumonia in lung and thereby causing death in immune-suppressed patients. In recent year, few investigations have reported the enhancement of K. pneumoniae population in patients using corticosteroid containing inhaler. OBJECTIVES The biological mechanism(s) behind this increased incidence has not been elucidated. Therefore, the objective of this investigating was to explore the relation between Klebsiella pneumoniae and increment in carbapenamase producing Enterobacteriaceae score (ICS). METHODS The available genomes of K. pneumoniae and the amino acid sequences of steroid catabolism pathway enzymes were taken from NCBI database and KEGG pathway tagged with UniPort database, respectively. We have used different BLAST algorithms (tBLASTn, BLASTp, psiBLAST, and delBLAST) to identify enzymes (by their amino acid sequence) involved in steroid catabolism. RESULTS A total of 13 enzymes (taken from different bacterial candidates) responsible for corticosteroid degradation have been identified in the genome of K. pneumoniae. Finally, 8 enzymes (K. pneumoniae specific) were detected in four clinical strains of K. pneumoniae. This investigation intimates that this ability to catabolize corticosteroids could potentially be one mechanism behind the increased pneumonia incidence. CONCLUSION The presence of corticosteroid catabolism enzymes in K. pneumoniae enhances the ability to utilize corticosteroid for their own nutrition source. This is the first report to demonstrate the corticosteroid degradation pathway in clinical strains of K. pneumoniae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pritam Chattopadhyay
- Department of Biotechnology, Gauhati University, Guwahati, Assam, PIN-781014, India
| | - Goutam Banerjee
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700019, India
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Barrios-Camacho H, Aguilar-Vera A, Beltran-Rojel M, Aguilar-Vera E, Duran-Bedolla J, Rodriguez-Medina N, Lozano-Aguirre L, Perez-Carrascal OM, Rojas J, Garza-Ramos U. Molecular epidemiology of Klebsiella variicola obtained from different sources. Sci Rep 2019; 9:10610. [PMID: 31337792 PMCID: PMC6650414 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-46998-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Klebsiella variicola is considered an emerging pathogen in humans and has been described in different environments. K. variicola belongs to Klebsiella pneumoniae complex, which has expanded the taxonomic classification and hindered epidemiological and evolutionary studies. The present work describes the molecular epidemiology of K. variicola based on MultiLocus Sequence Typing (MLST) developed for this purpose. In total, 226 genomes obtained from public data bases and 28 isolates were evaluated, which were mainly obtained from humans, followed by plants, various animals, the environment and insects. A total 166 distinct sequence types (STs) were identified, with 39 STs comprising at least two isolates. The molecular epidemiology of K. variicola showed a global distribution for some STs was observed, and in some cases, isolates obtained from different sources belong to the same ST. Several examples of isolates corresponding to kingdom-crossing bacteria from plants to humans were identified, establishing this as a possible route of transmission. goeBURST analysis identified Clonal Complex 1 (CC1) as the clone with the greatest distribution. Whole-genome sequencing of K. variicola isolates revealed extended-spectrum β-lactamase- and carbapenemase-producing strains with an increase in pathogenicity. MLST of K. variicola is a strong molecular epidemiological tool that allows following the evolution of this bacterial species obtained from different environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Humberto Barrios-Camacho
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública (INSP), Centro de Investigación Sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas (CISEI), Laboratorio de Resistencia Bacteriana, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Aguilar-Vera
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Programa de Genómica Funcional de Procariotes, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Marilu Beltran-Rojel
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública (INSP), Centro de Investigación Sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas (CISEI), Laboratorio de Resistencia Bacteriana, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Edgar Aguilar-Vera
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública (INSP), Centro de Información para Decisiones en Salud Pública (CENIDSP), Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Josefina Duran-Bedolla
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública (INSP), Centro de Investigación Sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas (CISEI), Laboratorio de Resistencia Bacteriana, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Nadia Rodriguez-Medina
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública (INSP), Centro de Investigación Sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas (CISEI), Laboratorio de Resistencia Bacteriana, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Luis Lozano-Aguirre
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Programa de Genómica Evolutiva, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Olga Maria Perez-Carrascal
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Programa de Genómica Evolutiva, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Jesús Rojas
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública (INSP), Centro de Información para Decisiones en Salud Pública (CENIDSP), Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Ulises Garza-Ramos
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública (INSP), Centro de Investigación Sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas (CISEI), Laboratorio de Resistencia Bacteriana, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
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Gao K, Wang Z, Qiu X, Song J, Wang H, Zhao C, Wang X, Chang Y. Transcriptome analysis of body wall reveals growth difference between the largest and smallest individuals in the pure and hybrid populations of Apostichopus japonicus. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2019; 31:100591. [PMID: 31078435 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2019.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Long-term inbreeding of sea cucumber has resulted in a decrease in its growth rate, which has severely affected yield and economic efficiency. In this study, three Apostichopus japonicus families were constructed and screened into the weight of smallest and largest, which included Russian, Chinese, and their hybrids (RC). We examined the transcriptional profiles of hybrid (RC) and purebred (CC and RR). A total of 49.69 Gb clean reads were obtained, and the Q30 base percentage was above 90.47%. A total of 5191 novel genes were discovered, of which 2592 genes were annotated. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, and functional annotation and enrichment analysis were performed. Approximately 1874 DEGs were screened in the Chinese sea cucumber (CC) difference group; 2591 DEGs were obtained in the hybrid sea cucumber difference group (RC), and 3006 DEGs were obtained in the Russian sea cucumber difference group (RR). In Gene Ontology (GO) analysis, highest DEG enrichment was observed for the functional categories of cellular process and metabolic process. In terms of cellular components, DEG enrichment was observed in cell part, cell; for molecular function, DEG enrichment was detected in catalytic activity, binding, hydrolase activity, transferase activity. According to the differential expression analysis, we found that 15 heat shock protein (HSP) genes that have the same expression trends, which were upregulated in the smallest weight of three sea cucumber lines. In addition, COG analysis of defense genes was conducted. All defense genes (ATP-binding cassette transporters (ABCs), multidrug resistance protein (MRPs), and beta-lactamase) showed the same expression trend, which was significantly upregulated in smallest individuals compared to that of largest individuals in RC lines, which implied the smallest individuals are exposed to more pressure during growth. These results may lead to the smallest individuals showing slow growth. Additionally, we selected 12 DEGs to validate the result by qPCR. Those DEGs were included in growth-related and resistance genes. Sequencing of the A. japonicus transcriptome improves our understanding of the transcriptional regulatory apparatus that controls individual development and growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kailun Gao
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in the North China Sea, Smaistry of Agriculture, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China; College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Zhicheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in the North China Sea, Smaistry of Agriculture, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China; College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Xuemei Qiu
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Jian Song
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in the North China Sea, Smaistry of Agriculture, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Haoze Wang
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Chong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in the North China Sea, Smaistry of Agriculture, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Xiuli Wang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in the North China Sea, Smaistry of Agriculture, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China; College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China.
| | - Yaqing Chang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in the North China Sea, Smaistry of Agriculture, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China; College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China.
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Raina JB, Fernandez V, Lambert B, Stocker R, Seymour JR. The role of microbial motility and chemotaxis in symbiosis. Nat Rev Microbiol 2019; 17:284-294. [DOI: 10.1038/s41579-019-0182-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Rodríguez-Medina N, Barrios-Camacho H, Duran-Bedolla J, Garza-Ramos U. Klebsiella variicola: an emerging pathogen in humans. Emerg Microbes Infect 2019; 8:973-988. [PMID: 31259664 PMCID: PMC6609320 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2019.1634981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The Klebsiella pneumoniae complex comprises seven K. pneumoniae-related species, including K. variicola. K. variicola is a versatile bacterium capable of colonizing different hosts such as plants, humans, insects and animals. Currently, K. variicola is gaining recognition as a cause of several human infections; nevertheless, its virulence profile is not fully characterized. The clinical significance of K. variicola infection is hidden by imprecise detection methods that underestimate its real prevalence; however, several methods have been developed to correctly identify this species. Recent studies of carbapenemase-producing and colistin-resistant strains demonstrate a potential reservoir of multidrug-resistant genes. This finding presents an imminent scenario for spreading antimicrobial resistant genes among close relatives and, more concerningly, in clinical and environmental settings. Since K. variicola was identified as a novel bacterial species, different research groups have contributed findings elucidating this pathogen; however, important details about its epidemiology, pathogenesis and ecology are still missing. This review highlights the most significant aspects of K. variicola, discussing its different phenotypes, mechanisms of resistance, and virulence traits, as well as the types of infections associated with this pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Rodríguez-Medina
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública (INSP), Centro de Investigación Sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas (CISEI), Laboratorio de Resistencia Bacteriana, Cuernavaca, México
| | - Humberto Barrios-Camacho
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública (INSP), Centro de Investigación Sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas (CISEI), Laboratorio de Resistencia Bacteriana, Cuernavaca, México
| | - Josefina Duran-Bedolla
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública (INSP), Centro de Investigación Sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas (CISEI), Laboratorio de Resistencia Bacteriana, Cuernavaca, México
| | - Ulises Garza-Ramos
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública (INSP), Centro de Investigación Sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas (CISEI), Laboratorio de Resistencia Bacteriana, Cuernavaca, México
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Martínez-Romero E, Rodríguez-Medina N, Beltrán-Rojel M, Silva-Sánchez J, Barrios-Camacho H, Pérez-Rueda E, Garza-Ramos U. Genome misclassification of Klebsiella variicola and Klebsiella quasipneumoniae isolated from plants, animals and humans. SALUD PUBLICA DE MEXICO 2018; 60:56-62. [PMID: 29689657 DOI: 10.21149/8149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Due to the fact that K. variicola, K. quasipneumoniae and K. pneumoniae are closely related bacterial species, misclassification can occur due to mistakes either in normal biochemical tests or during submission to public databases. The objective of this work was to identify K. variicola and K. quasipneumoniae genomes misclassified in GenBank database. MATERIALS AND METHODS Both rpoB phylogenies and average nucleotide identity (ANI) were used to identify a significant number of misclassified Klebsiella spp. genomes. RESULTS Here we report an update of K. variicola and K. Quasipneumoniae genomes correctly classified and a list of isolated genomes obtained from humans, plants, animals and insects, described originally as K. pneumoniae or K. variicola, but known now to be misclassified. CONCLUSIONS This work contributes to recognize the extensive presence of K. variicola and K. quasipneumoniae isolates in diverse sites and samples.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nadia Rodríguez-Medina
- Grupo de Resistencia Bacteriana, Centro de Investigación sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Marilu Beltrán-Rojel
- Grupo de Resistencia Bacteriana, Centro de Investigación sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Jesús Silva-Sánchez
- Grupo de Resistencia Bacteriana, Centro de Investigación sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Humberto Barrios-Camacho
- Grupo de Resistencia Bacteriana, Centro de Investigación sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Ernesto Pérez-Rueda
- Departamento de Ingeniería Celular y Biocatálisis, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. México.,Instituto de Investigaciones en Matemáticas Aplicadas y en Sistemas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Mérida, Yucatán, México
| | - Ulises Garza-Ramos
- Grupo de Resistencia Bacteriana, Centro de Investigación sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
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Martínez-Romero E, Rodríguez-Medina N, Beltrán-Rojel M, Toribio-Jiménez J, Garza-Ramos U. Klebsiella variicola and Klebsiella quasipneumoniae with capacity to adapt to clinical and plant settings. SALUD PUBLICA DE MEXICO 2018; 60:29-40. [PMID: 29689654 DOI: 10.21149/8156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the genetic determinants involved in plant colonization or virulence in the reported genomes of K. variicola, K. quasipneumoniae and K. pneumoniae. MATERIALS AND METHODS In silico comparisons and Jaccard analysis of genomic data were used. Fimbrial genes were detected by PCR. Biological assays were performed with plant and clinical isolates. RESULTS Plant colonization genes such as cellulases, catalases and hemagglutinins were mainly present in K. variicola genomes. Chromosomal β-lactamases were characteristic of this species and had been previously misclassified. K. variicola and K. pneumoniae isolates produced plant hormones. CONCLUSIONS A mosaic distribution of different virulence- and plant-associated genes was found in K. variicola and in K. quasipneumoniae genomes. Some plant colonizing genes were found mainly in K. variicola genomes. The term plantanosis is proposed for plant-borne human infections.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nadia Rodríguez-Medina
- Laboratorio de Resistencia Bacteriana, Centro de Investigación sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Marilú Beltrán-Rojel
- Laboratorio de Resistencia Bacteriana, Centro de Investigación sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Jeiry Toribio-Jiménez
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología y Genética Microbiana, Unidad Académica de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero. Chilpancingo, Guerrero, México
| | - Ulises Garza-Ramos
- Laboratorio de Resistencia Bacteriana, Centro de Investigación sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
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Morales-de-Echegaray AV, Maltais TR, Lin L, Younis W, Kadasala NR, Seleem MN, Wei A. Rapid Uptake and Photodynamic Inactivation of Staphylococci by Ga(III)-Protoporphyrin IX. ACS Infect Dis 2018; 4:1564-1573. [PMID: 30175917 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.8b00125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) is a promising method for the topical treatment of drug-resistant staphylococcal infections and can be further improved by identifying mechanisms that increase the specificity of photosensitizer uptake by bacteria. Here we show that Ga(III)-protoporphyrin IX chloride (Ga-PpIX), a fluorescent hemin analog with previously undisclosed photosensitizing properties, can be taken up within seconds by Staphylococcus aureus including multidrug-resistant strains such as MRSA. The uptake of Ga-PpIX by staphylococci is likely diffusion-limited and is attributed to the expression of high-affinity cell-surface hemin receptors (CSHRs), namely iron-regulated surface determinant (Isd) proteins. A structure-activity study reveals the ionic character of both the heme center and propionyl groups to be important for uptake specificity. Ga-PpIX was evaluated as a photosensitizer against S. aureus and several clinical isolates of MRSA using a visible light source, with antimicrobial activity at 0.03 μM with 10 s of irradiation by a 405 nm diode array (1.4 J/cm2); antimicrobial activity could also be achieved within minutes using a compact fluorescent lightbulb. GaPpIX was not only many times more potent than PpIX, a standard photosensitizer featured in clinical aPDI, but also demonstrated low cytotoxicity against HEK293 cells and human keratinocytes. Ga-PpIX uptake was screened against a diverse panel of bacterial pathogens using a fluorescence-based imaging assay, which revealed rapid uptake by several Gram-positive species known to express CSHRs, suggesting future candidates for targeted aPDT.
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45
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Guo Y, Zhai Y, Zhang Z, Li D, Wang Z, Li J, He Z, Hu S, Kang Y, Gao Z. Complete Genomic Analysis of a Kingdom-Crossing Klebsiella variicola Isolate. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2428. [PMID: 30356723 PMCID: PMC6189331 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial isolate X39 was isolated from a community-acquired pneumonia patient in Beijing, China. A phylogenetic tree based on rpoB genes and average nucleotide identity data confirmed that isolate X39 belonged to Klebsiella variicola. The genome of K. variicola X39 contained one circular chromosome and nine plasmids. Comparative genomic analyses with other K. variicola isolates revealed that K. variicola X39 contained the most unique genes. Of these unique genes, many were prophages and transposases. Many virulence factors were shared between K. variicola X39 and Klebsiella pneumoniae F1. The pathogenicity of K. variicola X39 was compared with that of K. pneumoniae F1 in an abdominal infection model. The results indicated that K. variicola X39 was less virulent than typical clinical K. pneumoniae F1. The genome of K. variicola X39 also contained some genes involved in plant colonization, nitrogen fixation, and defense against oxidative stress. GFP-labeled K. variicola X39 could colonize maize as an endophytic bacterium. We concluded that K. variicola X39 was a kingdom-crossing strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yatao Guo
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yao Zhai
- University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
| | - Zhao Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Daixi Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhanwei Wang
- Laboratory Medicine, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jingquan Li
- Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zilong He
- Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Songnian Hu
- Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Kang
- Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhancheng Gao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
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Rosenblueth M, Ormeño-Orrillo E, López-López A, Rogel MA, Reyes-Hernández BJ, Martínez-Romero JC, Reddy PM, Martínez-Romero E. Nitrogen Fixation in Cereals. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1794. [PMID: 30140262 PMCID: PMC6095057 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cereals such as maize, rice, wheat and sorghum are the most important crops for human nutrition. Like other plants, cereals associate with diverse bacteria (including nitrogen-fixing bacteria called diazotrophs) and fungi. As large amounts of chemical fertilizers are used in cereals, it has always been desirable to promote biological nitrogen fixation in such crops. The quest for nitrogen fixation in cereals started long ago with the isolation of nitrogen-fixing bacteria from different plants. The sources of diazotrophs in cereals may be seeds, soils, and even irrigation water and diazotrophs have been found on roots or as endophytes. Recently, culture-independent molecular approaches have revealed that some rhizobia are found in cereal plants and that bacterial nitrogenase genes are expressed in plants. Since the levels of nitrogen-fixation attained with nitrogen-fixing bacteria in cereals are not high enough to support the plant’s needs and never as good as those obtained with chemical fertilizers or with rhizobium in symbiosis with legumes, it has been the aim of different studies to increase nitrogen-fixation in cereals. In many cases, these efforts have not been successful. However, new diazotroph mutants with enhanced capabilities to excrete ammonium are being successfully used to promote plant growth as commensal bacteria. In addition, there are ambitious projects supported by different funding agencies that are trying to genetically modify maize and other cereals to enhance diazotroph colonization or to fix nitrogen or to form nodules with nitrogen-fixing symbiotic rhizobia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica Rosenblueth
- Center for Genomic Sciences, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Ernesto Ormeño-Orrillo
- Laboratorio de Ecología Microbiana y Biotecnología, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, Lima, Peru
| | - Aline López-López
- Centro de Investigación en Genética y Ambiente, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala, Tlaxcala, Mexico
| | - Marco A Rogel
- Center for Genomic Sciences, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | | | | | - Pallavolu M Reddy
- The Energy and Resources Institute, India Habitat Centre, New Delhi, India
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Dantur KI, Chalfoun NR, Claps MP, Tórtora ML, Silva C, Jure Á, Porcel N, Bianco MI, Vojnov A, Castagnaro AP, Welin B. The Endophytic Strain Klebsiella michiganensis Kd70 Lacks Pathogenic Island-Like Regions in Its Genome and Is Incapable of Infecting the Urinary Tract in Mice. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1548. [PMID: 30061870 PMCID: PMC6054940 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Klebsiella spp. have been isolated from many different environmental habitats but have mainly been associated with nosocomial acquired diseases in humans. Although there are many recently published sequenced genomes of members of this genus, there are very few studies on whole genome comparisons between clinical and non-clinical isolates, and it is therefore still an open question if a strain found in nature is capable of infecting humans/animals. Klebsiella michiganensis Kd70 was isolated from the intestine of larvae of Diatraea saccharalis but genome analysis revealed multiple genes associated with colonization and growth promotion in plants suggesting an endophytic lifestyle. Kd70 cells labeled with gfp confirmed capability of root colonization and soil application of Kd70 promoted growth in greenhouse grown sugarcane. Further genomic analysis showed that the Kd70 genome harbored fewer mammalian virulence factors and no pathogen island-like regions when compared to clinical isolates of this species, suggesting attenuated animal/human pathogenicity. This postulation was corroborated by in vivo experiments in which it was demonstrated that Kd70 was unable to infect the mouse urinary tract. This is to the best of our knowledge the first experimental example of a member of a pathogenic Klebsiella spp. unable to infect a mammalian organism. A proteomic comparison deduced from the genomic sequence between Kd70 and several other K. michiganensis strains showed a high similarity with isolates from many different environments including clinical strains, and demonstrated the existence of conserved genetic lineages within this species harboring members from different ecological niches and geographical locations. Furthermore, most genetic differences were found to be associated with genomic islands of clinical isolates, suggesting that evolutionary adaptation of animal pathogenicity to a large extent has depended on horizontal gene transfer. In conclusion our results demonstrate the importance of conducting thorough in vivo pathogenicity studies before presupposing animal/human virulence of non-clinical bacterial isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina I. Dantur
- Instituto de Tecnología Agroindustrial del Noroeste Argentino, Estación Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres – Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Las Talitas, Argentina
| | - Nadia R. Chalfoun
- Instituto de Tecnología Agroindustrial del Noroeste Argentino, Estación Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres – Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Las Talitas, Argentina
| | - Maria P. Claps
- Instituto de Tecnología Agroindustrial del Noroeste Argentino, Estación Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres – Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Las Talitas, Argentina
| | - Maria L. Tórtora
- Instituto de Tecnología Agroindustrial del Noroeste Argentino, Estación Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres – Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Las Talitas, Argentina
| | - Clara Silva
- Instituto de Microbiología, Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Ángela Jure
- Instituto de Microbiología, Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Norma Porcel
- Instituto de Microbiología, Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Maria I. Bianco
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Dr. César Milstein, Fundación Pablo Cassará – Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Adrián Vojnov
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Dr. César Milstein, Fundación Pablo Cassará – Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Atilio P. Castagnaro
- Instituto de Tecnología Agroindustrial del Noroeste Argentino, Estación Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres – Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Las Talitas, Argentina
| | - Björn Welin
- Instituto de Tecnología Agroindustrial del Noroeste Argentino, Estación Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres – Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Las Talitas, Argentina
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48
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Identification of Pathogenicity-Associated Loci in Klebsiella pneumoniae from Hospitalized Patients. mSystems 2018; 3:mSystems00015-18. [PMID: 29963640 PMCID: PMC6020474 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00015-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite insights gained through experimental models, the set of bacterial genes important for human infection is unclear for many of our most threatening pathogens. Klebsiella pneumoniae is a leading cause of health care-associated infections (HAIs) and commonly colonizes hospitalized patients, but the factors that determine whether a particular isolate causes disease or remains a colonizer are poorly understood. To identify bacterial genes associated with K. pneumoniae infection, a case-control study was performed comparing infected and asymptomatic colonized patients. Comparative bacterial genomics was combined with a conditional logit model that identified patient factors differentiating cases from controls. This method identified five gene loci associated with infection after adjustment for patient factors, including a psicose sugar utilization locus that was validated as a fitness factor during mouse lung infection. These results indicate that bacterial genome-wide association studies of patients can identify loci associated with HAIs and important in infection models. IMPORTANCE Klebsiella pneumoniae is a common cause of infections in the health care setting. This work supports a paradigm for K. pneumoniae pathogenesis where the accessory genome, composed of genes present in some but not all isolates, influences whether a strain causes infection or asymptomatic colonization, after accounting for patient-level factors. Identification of patients at high risk of infection could allow interventions to prevent or rapidly treat K. pneumoniae infections.
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49
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Li A, Zhou C, Liu Z, Xu X, Zhou Y, Zhou D, Tang Y, Ma F, Rittmann BE. Direct solid-state evidence of H 2 -induced partial U(VI) reduction concomitant with adsorption by extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). Biotechnol Bioeng 2018; 115:1685-1693. [PMID: 29574765 DOI: 10.1002/bit.26592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Revised: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Adsorption of hexavalent uranium (U(VI)) by extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) has been studied, but the possibility of simultaneous U(VI) reduction mediated by EPS has not had experimental confirmation, as the reduction products have not yet been directly proven. Here, we reported the first direct evidence of lower-valent products of U(VI) immobilization by loosely associated EPS (laEPS) isolated from a fermenter strain of Klebsiella sp. J1 when the laEPS was exposed to H2 . During the 120-min tests for similarly 86% adsorption under O2 , N2 , and H2 , 8% more U was immobilized through a non-adsorptive pathway by the EPS for H2 than for N2 and O2 . A set of solid-state characterization tools (FT-IR, XPS, EELS, and TEM-EDX) confirmed partial reduction of U(VI) to lower-valence U, with the main reduced form being uraninite (UIV O2 ) nanoparticles, and the results reinforced the role of the reduction in accelerating U immobilization and shaping the characteristics of immobilized U in terms of valency, size, and crystallization. The laEPS, mostly comprised of carbohydrate and protein, contained non-cytochrome enzymes and electron carriers that could be responsible for electron transfer to U(VI). Taken together, our results directly confirm that EPS was able to mediate partial U(VI) reduction in the presence of H2 through non-cytochrome catalysis and that reduction enhanced overall U immobilization. Our study fills in some gaps of the microbe-mediated U cycle and will be useful to understand and control U removal in engineered reactors and in-situ bioremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ang Li
- Biodesign Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona.,State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Chen Zhou
- Biodesign Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona
| | - Zhuolin Liu
- Biodesign Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona
| | - Xiaoyin Xu
- Biodesign Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona.,State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun Zhou
- Biodesign Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona.,State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dandan Zhou
- School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Youneng Tang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida
| | - Fang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Bruce E Rittmann
- Biodesign Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona
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50
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Draft Genome Sequences of Endophytic Isolates of Klebsiella variicola and Klebsiella pneumoniae Obtained from the Same Sugarcane Plant. GENOME ANNOUNCEMENTS 2018; 6:6/12/e00147-18. [PMID: 29567733 PMCID: PMC5864947 DOI: 10.1128/genomea.00147-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Endophytic Klebsiella variicola KvMx2 and Klebsiella pneumoniae KpMx1 isolates obtained from the same sugarcane stem were used for whole-genome sequencing. The genomes revealed clear differences in essential genes for plant growth, development, and detoxification, as well as nitrogen fixation, catalases, cellulases, and shared virulence factors described in the K. pneumoniae pathogen.
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