1
|
Chotiner JY, Leu NA, Yang F, Cossu IG, Guan Y, Lin H, Wang PJ. TRIP13 localizes to synapsed chromosomes and functions as a dosage-sensitive regulator of meiosis. eLife 2024; 12:RP92195. [PMID: 39207914 PMCID: PMC11361706 DOI: 10.7554/elife.92195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Meiotic progression requires coordinated assembly and disassembly of protein complexes involved in chromosome synapsis and meiotic recombination. Mouse TRIP13 and its ortholog Pch2 are instrumental in remodeling HORMA domain proteins. HORMAD proteins are associated with unsynapsed chromosome axes but depleted from the synaptonemal complex (SC) of synapsed homologs. Here we report that TRIP13 localizes to the synapsed SC in early pachytene spermatocytes and to telomeres throughout meiotic prophase I. Loss of TRIP13 leads to meiotic arrest and thus sterility in both sexes. Trip13-null meiocytes exhibit abnormal persistence of HORMAD1 and HOMRAD2 on synapsed SC and chromosome asynapsis that preferentially affects XY and centromeric ends. These major phenotypes are consistent with reported phenotypes of Trip13 hypomorph alleles. Trip13 heterozygous mice exhibit meiotic defects that are less severe than the Trip13-null mice, showing that TRIP13 is a dosage-sensitive regulator of meiosis. Localization of TRIP13 to the synapsed SC is independent of SC axial element proteins such as REC8 and SYCP2/SYCP3. Terminal FLAG-tagged TRIP13 proteins are functional and recapitulate the localization of native TRIP13 to SC and telomeres. Therefore, the evolutionarily conserved localization of TRIP13/Pch2 to the synapsed chromosomes provides an explanation for dissociation of HORMA domain proteins upon synapsis in diverse organisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Y Chotiner
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary MedicinePhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - N Adrian Leu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary MedicinePhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Fang Yang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary MedicinePhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Isabella G Cossu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary MedicinePhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Yongjuan Guan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary MedicinePhiladelphiaUnited States
- College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Huijuan Lin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary MedicinePhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - P Jeremy Wang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary MedicinePhiladelphiaUnited States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang X, Guo S, Xiong L, Wu X, Bao P, Kang Y, Cao M, Ding Z, Liang C, Pei J, Guo X. Complete characterization of the yak testicular development using accurate full-length transcriptome sequencing. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 271:132400. [PMID: 38759851 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Alternative splicing is a prevalent phenomenon in testicular tissues. Due to the low assembly accuracy of short-read RNA sequencing technology in analyzing post-transcriptional regulatory events, full-length (FL) transcript sequencing is highly demanded to accurately determine FL splicing variants. In this study, we performed FL transcriptome sequencing of testicular tissues from 0.5, 1.5, 2.5, and 4-year-old yaks and 4-year-old cattle-yaks using Oxford Nanopore Technologies. The obtained sequencing data were predicted to have 47,185 open reading frames (ORFs), including 26,630 complete ORFs, detected 7645 fusion transcripts, 15,355 alternative splicing events, 25,798 simple sequence repeats, 7628 transcription factors, and 35,503 long non-coding RNAs. A total of 40,038 novel transcripts were obtained from the sequencing data, and the proportion was almost close to the number of known transcripts identified. Structural analysis and functional annotation of these novel transcripts resulted in the successful annotation of 9568 transcripts, with the highest and lowest annotation numbers in the Nr and KOG databases, respectively. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis revealed the key regulatory pathways and hub genes at various stages of yak testicular development. Our findings enhance our comprehension of transcriptome complexity, contribute to genome annotation refinement, and provide foundational data for further investigations into male sterility in cattle-yaks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xingdong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Yak Breeding of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730050, PR China
| | - Shaoke Guo
- Key Laboratory of Yak Breeding of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730050, PR China
| | - Lin Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Yak Breeding of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730050, PR China
| | - Xiaoyun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Yak Breeding of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730050, PR China
| | - Pengjia Bao
- Key Laboratory of Yak Breeding of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730050, PR China
| | - Yandong Kang
- Key Laboratory of Yak Breeding of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730050, PR China
| | - Mengli Cao
- Key Laboratory of Yak Breeding of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730050, PR China
| | - Ziqiang Ding
- Key Laboratory of Yak Breeding of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730050, PR China
| | - Chunnian Liang
- Key Laboratory of Yak Breeding of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730050, PR China
| | - Jie Pei
- Key Laboratory of Yak Breeding of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730050, PR China.
| | - Xian Guo
- Key Laboratory of Yak Breeding of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730050, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhou Y, Chen X, Chen J, Kendrick CD, Ramanathan RK, Graham RP, Kossick KF, Boardman LA, Barrett MT. Genomic landscape of diploid and aneuploid microsatellite stable early onset colorectal cancer. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9368. [PMID: 38654044 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59398-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Although colorectal cancer (CRC) remains the second leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States, the overall incidence and mortality from the disease have declined in recent decades. In contrast, there has been a steady increase in the incidence of CRC in individuals under 50 years of age. Hereditary syndromes contribute disproportionately to early onset CRC (EOCRC). These include microsatellite instability high (MSI+) tumors arising in patients with Lynch Syndrome. However, most EOCRCs are not associated with familial syndromes or MSI+ genotypes. Comprehensive genomic profiling has provided the basis of improved more personalized treatments for older CRC patients. However, less is known about the basis of sporadic EOCRC. To define the genomic landscape of EOCRC we used DNA content flow sorting to isolate diploid and aneuploid tumor fractions from 21 non-hereditary cases. We then generated whole exome mutational profiles for each case and whole genome copy number, telomere length, and EGFR immunohistochemistry (IHC) analyses on subsets of samples. These results discriminate the molecular features of diploid and aneuploid EOCRC and provide a basis for larger population-based studies and the development of effective strategies to monitor and treat this emerging disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yumei Zhou
- Department of Research, Mayo Clinic in Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
| | - Xianfeng Chen
- Division of Computational Biology, Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Jun Chen
- Division of Computational Biology, Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Conner D Kendrick
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Ramesh K Ramanathan
- Mayo Clinic Cancer Center, Phoenix, AZ, 85054, USA
- Ironwood Cancer and Research Center, Scottsdale, AZ, 85260, USA
| | | | - Kimberlee F Kossick
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Lisa A Boardman
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Michael T Barrett
- Department of Research, Mayo Clinic in Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, USA.
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic in Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhou H, Zhang Z, Qu R, Zhu H, Luo Y, Li Q, Mu J, Yu R, Zeng Y, Chen B, Sang Q, Wang L. CCDC28A deficiency causes sperm head defects, reduced sperm motility and male infertility in mice. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:174. [PMID: 38597936 PMCID: PMC11006775 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05184-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Mature spermatozoa with normal morphology and motility are essential for male reproduction. The epididymis has an important role in the proper maturation and function of spermatozoa for fertilization. However, factors related to the processes involved in spermatozoa modifications are still unclear. Here we demonstrated that CCDC28A, a member of the CCDC family proteins, is highly expressed in testes and the CCDC28A deletion leads to male infertility. We found CCDC28A deletion had a mild effect on spermatogenesis. And epididymal sperm collected from Ccdc28a-/- mice showed bent sperm heads, acrosomal defects, reduced motility and decreased in vitro fertilization competence whereas their axoneme, outer dense fibers, and fibrous sheath were all normal. Furthermore, we found that CCDC28A interacted with sperm acrosome membrane-associated protein 1 (SPACA1) and glycogen synthase kinase 3a (GSK3A), and deficiencies in both proteins in mice led to bent heads and abnormal acrosomes, respectively. Altogether, our results reveal the essential role of CCDC28A in regulating sperm morphology and motility and suggesting a potential marker for male infertility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongbin Zhou
- Institute of Pediatrics, The Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, The State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zhihua Zhang
- Institute of Pediatrics, The Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, The State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Ronggui Qu
- Institute of Pediatrics, The Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, The State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Hongying Zhu
- Institute of Pediatrics, The Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, The State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yuxi Luo
- Institute of Pediatrics, The Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, The State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Qun Li
- Institute of Pediatrics, The Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, The State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jian Mu
- Institute of Pediatrics, The Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, The State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Ran Yu
- Institute of Pediatrics, The Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, The State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yang Zeng
- Institute of Pediatrics, The Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, The State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Biaobang Chen
- NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies), Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Qing Sang
- Institute of Pediatrics, The Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, The State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Lei Wang
- Institute of Pediatrics, The Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, The State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kiruthiga C, Niharika K, Devi KP. Phytol and α-Bisabolol Synergy Induces Autophagy and Apoptosis in A549 Cells and Additional Molecular Insights through Comprehensive Proteome Analysis via Nano LC-MS/MS. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2024; 24:773-788. [PMID: 38415491 DOI: 10.2174/0118715206289038240214102951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) is a malignancy with a significant prevalence and aggressive nature, posing a considerable challenge in terms of therapeutic interventions. Autophagy and apoptosis, two intricate cellular processes, are integral to NSCLC pathophysiology, each affecting the other through shared signaling pathways. Phytol (Phy) and α-bisabolol (Bis) have shown promise as potential anticancer agents individually, but their combined effects in NSCLC have not been extensively investigated. OBJECTIVE The present study was to examine the synergistic impact of Phy and Bis on NSCLC cells, particularly in the context of autophagy modulation, and to elucidate the resulting differential protein expression using LCMS/ MS analysis. METHODS The A549 cell lines were subjected to the patented effective concentration of Phy and Bis, and subsequently, the viability of the cells was evaluated utilizing the MTT assay. The present study utilized real-time PCR analysis to assess the expression levels of crucial apoptotic genes, specifically Bcl-2, Bax, and Caspase-9, as well as autophagy-related genes, including Beclin-1, SQSTM1, Ulk1, and LC3B. The confirmation of autophagy marker expression (Beclin-1, LC3B) and the autophagy-regulating protein SQSTM1 was achieved through the utilization of Western blot analysis. Differentially expressed proteins were found using LC-MS/MS analysis. RESULTS The combination of Phy and Bis demonstrated significant inhibition of NSCLC cell growth, indicating their synergistic effect. Real-time PCR analysis revealed a shift towards apoptosis, with downregulation of Bcl-2 and upregulation of Bax and Caspase-9, suggesting a shift towards apoptosis. Genes associated with autophagy regulation, including Beclin-1, SQSTM1 (p62), Ulk1, and LC3B, showed significant upregulation, indicating potential induction of autophagy. Western blot analysis confirmed increased expression of autophagy markers, such as Beclin-1 and LC3B, while the autophagy-regulating protein SQSTM1 exhibited a significant decrease. LC-MS/MS analysis revealed differential expression of 861 proteins, reflecting the modulation of cellular processes. Protein-protein interaction network analysis highlighted key proteins involved in apoptotic and autophagic pathways, including STOML2, YWHAB, POX2, B2M, CDA, CAPN2, TXN, ECHS1, PEBP1, PFN1, CDC42, TUBB1, HSPB1, PXN, FGF2, and BAG3, emphasizing their crucial roles. Additionally, PANTHER pathway analysis uncovered enriched pathways associated with the differentially expressed proteins, revealing their involvement in a diverse range of biological processes, encompassing cell signaling, metabolism, and cellular stress responses. CONCLUSION The combined treatment of Phy and Bis exerts a synergistic inhibitory effect on NSCLC cell growth, mediated through the interplay of apoptosis and autophagy. The differential protein expression observed, along with the identified proteins and enriched pathways, provides valuable insights into the underlying molecular mechanisms. These findings offer a foundation for further exploration of the therapeutic potential of Phy and Bis in the management of NSCLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kambati Niharika
- Department of Biotechnology, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, 630 003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kasi Pandima Devi
- Department of Biotechnology, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, 630 003, Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Sánchez-Martín M, Sánchez-Sáez F, Llano E, Pendás AM. Generation of Meiotic Mouse Models Using CRISPR/Cas9 Technology. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2818:93-112. [PMID: 39126469 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3906-1_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, targeted genome editing has emerged as an indispensable tool for creating animal models, facilitating a comprehensive exploration of the molecular mechanisms governing a myriad of biological processes. Within this scientific landscape, the investigation of meiosis in mice has attracted considerable attention across numerous research laboratories. The precision and versatility of the CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing system have revolutionized our ability to generate mice with tailored genetic alterations, including point mutations and null mutations. These genetic modifications have provided invaluable insights into the intricate functionality of various meiotic genes and their associated variants. In this context, we present a detailed state of the art protocol for the creation of novel mouse models, each bearing specific genetic modifications within key meiotic genes, through the application of CRISPR/Cas9 technology. Furthermore, we showcase two distinct genetic modifications, accomplished within our laboratory, that can serve as valuable reference points for researchers seeking to elucidate the molecular intricacies of meiosis in mammals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Fernando Sánchez-Sáez
- Molecular Mechanisms Program, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, CSIC-Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Elena Llano
- Molecular Mechanisms Program, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, CSIC-Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Alberto M Pendás
- Molecular Mechanisms Program, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, CSIC-Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Chotiner JY, Leu NA, Yang F, Cossu IG, Guan Y, Lin H, Wang PJ. TRIP13 localizes to synapsed chromosomes and functions as a dosage-sensitive regulator of meiosis. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.25.559355. [PMID: 37808842 PMCID: PMC10557606 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.25.559355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Meiotic progression requires coordinated assembly and disassembly of protein complexes involved in chromosome synapsis and meiotic recombination. The AAA+ ATPase TRIP13 and its orthologue Pch2 are instrumental in remodeling HORMA domain proteins. Meiosis-specific HORMAD proteins are associated with unsynapsed chromosome axes but depleted from the synaptonemal complex (SC) of synapsed chromosome homologues. Here we report that TRIP13 localizes to the synapsed SC in early pachytene spermatocytes and to telomeres throughout meiotic prophase I. Loss of TRIP13 leads to meiotic arrest and thus sterility in both sexes. Trip13-null meiocytes exhibit abnormal persistence of HORMAD1 and HOMRAD2 on synapsed SC and chromosome asynapsis that preferentially affects XY and centromeric ends. These findings confirm the previously reported phenotypes of the Trip13 hypomorph alleles. Trip13 heterozygous (Trip13+/-) mice also exhibit meiotic defects that are less severe than the Trip13-null mice, showing that TRIP13 is a dosage-sensitive regulator of meiosis. Localization of TRIP13 to the synapsed SC is independent of SC axial element proteins such as REC8 and SYCP2/SYCP3. The N- or C-terminal FLAG-tagged TRIP13 proteins are functional and recapitulate the localization of native TRIP13 to SC and telomeres in knockin mice. Therefore, the evolutionarily conserved localization of TRIP13/Pch2 to the synapsed chromosomes provides an explanation for dissociation of HORMA domain proteins upon chromosome synapsis in diverse organisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Y. Chotiner
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - N. Adrian Leu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Fang Yang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Isabella G. Cossu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Yongjuan Guan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Huijuan Lin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - P. Jeremy Wang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhang L, Zhang S, Yuan M, Zhan F, Song M, Shang P, Yang F, Li X, Qiao R, Han X, Li X, Fang M, Wang K. Genome-Wide Association Studies and Runs of Homozygosity to Identify Reproduction-Related Genes in Yorkshire Pig Population. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:2133. [PMID: 38136955 PMCID: PMC10742578 DOI: 10.3390/genes14122133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Reproductive traits hold considerable economic importance in pig breeding and production. However, candidate genes underpinning the reproductive traits are still poorly identified. In the present study, we executed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) and runs of homozygosity (ROH) analysis using the PorcineSNP50 BeadChip array for 585 Yorkshire pigs. Results from the GWAS identified two genome-wide significant and eighteen suggestive significant single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with seven reproductive traits. Furthermore, we identified candidate genes, including ELMO1, AOAH, INSIG2, NUP205, LYPLAL1, RPL34, LIPH, RNF7, GRK7, ETV5, FYN, and SLC30A5, which were chosen due to adjoining significant SNPs and their functions in immunity, fertilization, embryonic development, and sperm quality. Several genes were found in ROH islands associated with spermatozoa, development of the fetus, mature eggs, and litter size, including INSL6, TAF4B, E2F7, RTL1, CDKN1C, and GDF9. This study will provide insight into the genetic basis for pig reproductive traits, facilitating reproduction improvement using the marker-based selection methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lige Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (L.Z.); (S.Z.); (M.Y.); (F.Z.); (M.S.); (F.Y.); (X.L.); (R.Q.); (X.H.); (X.L.)
| | - Songyuan Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (L.Z.); (S.Z.); (M.Y.); (F.Z.); (M.S.); (F.Y.); (X.L.); (R.Q.); (X.H.); (X.L.)
| | - Meng Yuan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (L.Z.); (S.Z.); (M.Y.); (F.Z.); (M.S.); (F.Y.); (X.L.); (R.Q.); (X.H.); (X.L.)
| | - Fengting Zhan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (L.Z.); (S.Z.); (M.Y.); (F.Z.); (M.S.); (F.Y.); (X.L.); (R.Q.); (X.H.); (X.L.)
| | - Mingkun Song
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (L.Z.); (S.Z.); (M.Y.); (F.Z.); (M.S.); (F.Y.); (X.L.); (R.Q.); (X.H.); (X.L.)
| | - Peng Shang
- Animal Science College, Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry University, Linzhi 860000, China;
| | - Feng Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (L.Z.); (S.Z.); (M.Y.); (F.Z.); (M.S.); (F.Y.); (X.L.); (R.Q.); (X.H.); (X.L.)
| | - Xiuling Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (L.Z.); (S.Z.); (M.Y.); (F.Z.); (M.S.); (F.Y.); (X.L.); (R.Q.); (X.H.); (X.L.)
| | - Ruimin Qiao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (L.Z.); (S.Z.); (M.Y.); (F.Z.); (M.S.); (F.Y.); (X.L.); (R.Q.); (X.H.); (X.L.)
| | - Xuelei Han
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (L.Z.); (S.Z.); (M.Y.); (F.Z.); (M.S.); (F.Y.); (X.L.); (R.Q.); (X.H.); (X.L.)
| | - Xinjian Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (L.Z.); (S.Z.); (M.Y.); (F.Z.); (M.S.); (F.Y.); (X.L.); (R.Q.); (X.H.); (X.L.)
| | - Meiying Fang
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, MOA Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Kejun Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (L.Z.); (S.Z.); (M.Y.); (F.Z.); (M.S.); (F.Y.); (X.L.); (R.Q.); (X.H.); (X.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Goldtzvik Y, Sen N, Lam SD, Orengo C. Protein diversification through post-translational modifications, alternative splicing, and gene duplication. Curr Opin Struct Biol 2023; 81:102640. [PMID: 37354790 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbi.2023.102640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
Proteins provide the basis for cellular function. Having multiple versions of the same protein within a single organism provides a way of regulating its activity or developing novel functions. Post-translational modifications of proteins, by means of adding/removing chemical groups to amino acids, allow for a well-regulated and controlled way of generating functionally distinct protein species. Alternative splicing is another method with which organisms possibly generate new isoforms. Additionally, gene duplication events throughout evolution generate multiple paralogs of the same genes, resulting in multiple versions of the same protein within an organism. In this review, we discuss recent advancements in the study of these three methods of protein diversification and provide illustrative examples of how they affect protein structure and function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yonathan Goldtzvik
- Department of Structural and Molecular Biology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Neeladri Sen
- Department of Structural and Molecular Biology, University College London, London, United Kingdom. https://twitter.com/@NeeladriSen
| | - Su Datt Lam
- Department of Structural and Molecular Biology, University College London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia
| | - Christine Orengo
- Department of Structural and Molecular Biology, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Jeanne F, Bernay B, Sourdaine P. Comparative Proteome Analysis of Four Stages of Spermatogenesis in the Small-Spotted Catshark ( Scyliorhinus canicula), Using High-Resolution NanoLC-ESI-MS/MS. J Proteome Res 2023. [PMID: 37290099 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.3c00206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Spermatogenesis is a highly specialized process of cell proliferation and differentiation leading to the production of spermatozoa from spermatogonial stem cells. Due to its testicular anatomy, Scyliorhinus canicula is an interesting model to explore stage-based changes in proteins during spermatogenesis. The proteomes of four testicular zones corresponding to the germinative niche and to spermatocysts (cysts) with spermatogonia (zone A), cysts with spermatocytes (zone B), cysts with young spermatids (zone C), and cysts with late spermatids (zone D) have been analyzed by nanoLC-ESI-MS/MS. Gene ontology and KEGG annotations were also performed. A total of 3346 multiple protein groups were identified. Zone-specific protein analyses highlighted RNA-processing, chromosome-related processes, cilium organization, and cilium activity in zones A, D, C, and D, respectively. Analyses of proteins with zone-dependent abundance revealed processes related to cellular stress, ubiquitin-dependent degradation by the proteasome, post-transcriptional regulation, and regulation of cellular homeostasis. Our results also suggest that the roles of some proteins, such as ceruloplasmin, optineurin, the pregnancy zone protein, PA28β or the Culling-RING ligase 5 complex, as well as some uncharacterized proteins, during spermatogenesis could be further explored. Finally, the study of this shark species allows one to integrate these data in an evolutionary context of the regulation of spermatogenesis. Mass spectrometry data are freely accessible via iProX-integrated Proteome resources (https://www.iprox.cn/) for reuse purposes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Jeanne
- Université de Caen Normandie, MNHN, SU, UA, CNRS, IRD, Laboratoire de Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), UMR 8067, 14032 Caen cedex 5, France
| | - Benoît Bernay
- Université de Caen Normandie - Plateforme PROTEOGEN, US EMerode, 14032 Caen cedex 5, France
| | - Pascal Sourdaine
- Université de Caen Normandie, MNHN, SU, UA, CNRS, IRD, Laboratoire de Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), UMR 8067, 14032 Caen cedex 5, France
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Yang D, Li X, Yu B, Peng H. Qualitative lysine crotonylation and 2-hydroxyisobutyrylation analysis in the ovarian tissue proteome of piglets. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1176212. [PMID: 37255595 PMCID: PMC10225730 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1176212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian function influences diverse aspects of fertility and reproductive lifespan by regulating oocyte supply and hormone secretion. Lysine crotonylation (Kcr) and lysine 2-hydroxyisobutyryllysine (Khib) are newly identified post-translational modifications and function as regulators of transactivation in mammals. In this study, we investigated protein post-translational Kcr and 2-hydroxyisobutyrylation in the ovarian tissues of piglets. A total of 653 overlapping proteins among differentially modified proteins were identified for both crotonylation and 2-hydroxyisobutyrylation. Gene Ontology enrichment analysis indicated that 653 DMPs were significantly enriched in nucleosome organization, chromatin assembly, DNA packaging, peptide biosynthetic process and peptide metabolic process. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis showed enrichment in proteasome, ribosome, fatty acid elongation, pyruvate metabolism and pentose phosphate pathway. Fifteen DMPs were identified in the proteasome pathway, of which PSMC6 and PSMB7 were the core proteins. In addition, the significant changes in Kcr and Khib in the complex subunits of the proteasome may be involved in cell cycle processes during oocyte development. Forty-four DMPs with both Kcr and Khib modifications were related to the ribosome pathway. The regulated ribosome pathway may indicate that Kcr and Khib comodified proteins participate in protein synthesis during oocyte development. Western blot and immunofluorescence staining results supported the reliability of the sequencing results. Our results may provide a valuable resource to help illuminate the roles of Kcr and Khib in ovarian development and may serve as new tools to better control diseases.
Collapse
|
12
|
Li T, Ye Y, Wu P, Luo R, Zhang H, Zheng W. Proteasome β3 subunit (PSMB3) controls female reproduction by promoting ecdysteroidogenesis during sexual maturation in Bactrocera dorsalis. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 157:103959. [PMID: 37172766 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2023.103959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Steroid hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) plays critical roles in reproductive development in dipterans and several other insect species. Ecdysteroidogenesis in the glands of larval or nymphal insects and other arthropods has been extensively studied, but that in the adult gonads remains largely unknown. Here we identified a proteasome β3 subunit (PSMB3) from a highly invasive pest Bactrocera dorsalis, and found that this gene was crucial for ecdysone production during female reproduction. PSMB3 was enriched in the ovary, and it was upregulated during sexual maturation. RNAi-mediated depletion of PSMB3 resulted in retarded ovarian development and decreased fecundity. Additionally, knockdown of PSMB3 reduced 20E titer in hemolymph of B. dorsalis. Molecularly, RNA sequencing and qPCR validation revealed that PSMB3 depletion suppressed the expression of 20E biosynthetic genes in the ovary and 20E responsive genes in the ovary and fat body. Furthermore, exogenous 20E rescued the inhibition of the ovarian development caused by PSMB3 depletion. Taken together, this study provides new insights into the adult reproductive development-related biological processes controlled by PSMB3, and proposed a potential eco-friendly control strategy against this notorious agricultural pest.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianran Li
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Key Laboratory of Insect Resource Application and Sustainable Pest Control, Institute of Urban and Horticultural Entomology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yinhao Ye
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Key Laboratory of Insect Resource Application and Sustainable Pest Control, Institute of Urban and Horticultural Entomology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Peng Wu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Key Laboratory of Insect Resource Application and Sustainable Pest Control, Institute of Urban and Horticultural Entomology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Rengang Luo
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Key Laboratory of Insect Resource Application and Sustainable Pest Control, Institute of Urban and Horticultural Entomology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Key Laboratory of Insect Resource Application and Sustainable Pest Control, Institute of Urban and Horticultural Entomology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Weiwei Zheng
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Key Laboratory of Insect Resource Application and Sustainable Pest Control, Institute of Urban and Horticultural Entomology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ren C, Chen Y, Tang J, Wang P, Zhang Y, Li C, Zhang Z, Cheng X. TMT-Based Comparative Proteomic Analysis of the Spermatozoa of Buck (Capra hircus) and Ram (Ovis aries). Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14050973. [PMID: 37239333 DOI: 10.3390/genes14050973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Spermatozoa are unique cells that carry a library of proteins that regulate the functions of molecules to achieve functional capabilities. Currently, large amounts of protein have been identified in spermatozoa from different species using proteomic approaches. However, the proteome characteristics and regulatory mechanisms of spermatozoa in bucks versus rams have not been fully unraveled. In this study, we performed a tandem mass tag (TMT)-labeled quantitative proteomic analysis to investigate the protein profiles in the spermatozoa of buck (Capra hircus) and ram (Ovis aries), two important economic livestock species with different fertility potentials. Overall, 2644 proteins were identified and quantified via this approach. Thus, 279 differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) were filtered with a p-value < 0.05, and a quantitative ratio of >2.0 or <0.5 (fold change, FC) in bucks versus rams, wherein 153 were upregulated and 126 were downregulated. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that these DAPs were mainly localized in the mitochondria, extracellular and in the nucleus, and were involved in sperm motility, membrane components, oxidoreductase activity, endopeptidase complex and proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolism. Specifically, partial DAPs, such as heat shock protein 90 α family class a member 1 (HSP90AA1), adenosine triphosphate citrate lyase (ACLY), proteasome 26S subunit and non-ATPase 4 (PSMD4), act as "cross-talk" nodes in protein-protein networks as key intermediates or enzymes, which are mainly involved in responses to stimuli, catalytic activity and molecular function regulator pathways that are strictly related to spermatozoa function. The results of our study offer valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms of ram spermatozoa function, and also promote an efficient spermatozoa utilization link to fertility or specific biotechnologies for bucks and rams.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunhuan Ren
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Yale Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Jun Tang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Penghui Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Yunnan Academy of Animal Husbandry Veterinary Sciences, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Chunyan Li
- Yunnan Academy of Animal Husbandry Veterinary Sciences, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Zijun Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Modern Agricultural Technology Cooperation and Popularization Center of Dingyuan County, Chuzhou 233200, China
| | - Xiao Cheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Sato B, Kim J, Morohoshi K, Kang W, Miyado K, Tsuruta F, Kawano N, Chiba T. Proteasome-Associated Proteins, PA200 and ECPAS, Are Essential for Murine Spermatogenesis. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13040586. [PMID: 37189334 DOI: 10.3390/biom13040586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteasomes are highly sophisticated protease complexes that degrade non-lysosomal proteins, and their proper regulation ensures various biological functions such as spermatogenesis. The proteasome-associated proteins, PA200 and ECPAS, are predicted to function during spermatogenesis; however, male mice lacking each of these genes sustain fertility, raising the possibility that these proteins complement each other. To address this issue, we explored these possible roles during spermatogenesis by producing mice lacking these genes (double-knockout mice; dKO mice). Expression patterns and quantities were similar throughout spermatogenesis in the testes. In epididymal sperm, PA200 and ECPAS were expressed but were differentially localized to the midpiece and acrosome, respectively. Proteasome activity was considerably reduced in both the testes and epididymides of dKO male mice, resulting in infertility. Mass spectrometric analysis revealed LPIN1 as a target protein for PA200 and ECPAS, which was confirmed via immunoblotting and immunostaining. Furthermore, ultrastructural and microscopic analyses demonstrated that the dKO sperm displayed disorganization of the mitochondrial sheath. Our results indicate that PA200 and ECPAS work cooperatively during spermatogenesis and are essential for male fertility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ban Sato
- Master's and Doctoral Program in Biology, Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan
- Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Department of Life Sciences, School of Agriculture, Meiji University, 1-1-1 Higashimita, Kawasaki 214-8571, Japan
| | - Jiwoo Kim
- College of Biological Sciences, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan
| | - Kazunori Morohoshi
- Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Department of Life Sciences, School of Agriculture, Meiji University, 1-1-1 Higashimita, Kawasaki 214-8571, Japan
| | - Woojin Kang
- Department of Reproductive Biology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya 157-8535, Japan
| | - Kenji Miyado
- Department of Reproductive Biology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya 157-8535, Japan
| | - Fuminori Tsuruta
- Master's and Doctoral Program in Biology, Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan
| | - Natsuko Kawano
- Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Department of Life Sciences, School of Agriculture, Meiji University, 1-1-1 Higashimita, Kawasaki 214-8571, Japan
| | - Tomoki Chiba
- Master's and Doctoral Program in Biology, Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Regulation of germline proteostasis by HSF1 and insulin/IGF-1 signaling. Biochem Soc Trans 2023; 51:501-512. [PMID: 36892215 DOI: 10.1042/bst20220616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
Protein homeostasis (proteostasis) is essential for cellular function and organismal health and requires the concerted actions of protein synthesis, folding, transport, and turnover. In sexually reproducing organisms, the immortal germline lineage passes genetic information across generations. Accumulating evidence indicates the importance of proteome integrity for germ cells as genome stability. As gametogenesis involves very active protein synthesis and is highly energy-demanding, it has unique requirements for proteostasis regulation and is sensitive to stress and nutrient availability. The heat shock factor 1 (HSF1), a key transcriptional regulator of cellular response to cytosolic and nuclear protein misfolding has evolutionarily conserved roles in germline development. Similarly, insulin/insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) signaling, a major nutrient-sensing pathway, impacts many aspects of gametogenesis. Here, we focus on HSF1 and IIS to review insights into their roles in germline proteostasis and discuss the implications on gamete quality control during stress and aging.
Collapse
|
16
|
de la Iglesia A, Jodar M, Oliva R, Castillo J. Insights into the sperm chromatin and implications for male infertility from a protein perspective. WIREs Mech Dis 2023; 15:e1588. [PMID: 36181449 DOI: 10.1002/wsbm.1588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Male germ cells undergo an extreme but fascinating process of chromatin remodeling that begins in the testis during the last phase of spermatogenesis and continues through epididymal sperm maturation. Most of the histones are replaced by small proteins named protamines, whose high basicity leads to a tight genomic compaction. This process is epigenetically regulated at many levels, not only by posttranslational modifications, but also by readers, writers, and erasers, in a context of a highly coordinated postmeiotic gene expression program. Protamines are key proteins for acquiring this highly specialized chromatin conformation, needed for sperm functionality. Interestingly, and contrary to what could be inferred from its very specific DNA-packaging function across protamine-containing species, human sperm chromatin contains a wide spectrum of protamine proteoforms, including truncated and posttranslationally modified proteoforms. The generation of protamine knock-out models revealed not only chromatin compaction defects, but also collateral sperm alterations contributing to infertile phenotypes, evidencing the importance of sperm chromatin protamination toward the generation of a new individual. The unique features of sperm chromatin have motivated its study, applying from conventional to the most ground-breaking techniques to disentangle its peculiarities and the cellular mechanisms governing its successful conferment, especially relevant from the protein point of view due to the important epigenetic role of sperm nuclear proteins. Gathering and contextualizing the most striking discoveries will provide a global understanding of the importance and complexity of achieving a proper chromatin compaction and exploring its implications on postfertilization events and beyond. This article is categorized under: Reproductive System Diseases > Genetics/Genomics/Epigenetics Reproductive System Diseases > Molecular and Cellular Physiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto de la Iglesia
- Molecular Biology of Reproduction and Development Research Group, Fundació Clínic per a la Recerca Biomèdica, Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Meritxell Jodar
- Molecular Biology of Reproduction and Development Research Group, Fundació Clínic per a la Recerca Biomèdica, Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain.,Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Service, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rafael Oliva
- Molecular Biology of Reproduction and Development Research Group, Fundació Clínic per a la Recerca Biomèdica, Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain.,Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Service, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Judit Castillo
- Molecular Biology of Reproduction and Development Research Group, Fundació Clínic per a la Recerca Biomèdica, Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Fernando LM, Quesada-Candela C, Murray M, Ugoaru C, Yanowitz JL, Allen AK. Proteasomal subunit depletions differentially affect germline integrity in C. elegans. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:901320. [PMID: 36060813 PMCID: PMC9428126 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.901320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The 26S proteasome is a multi-subunit protein complex that is canonically known for its ability to degrade proteins in cells and maintain protein homeostasis. Non-canonical or non-proteolytic roles of proteasomal subunits exist but remain less well studied. We provide characterization of germline-specific functions of different 19S proteasome regulatory particle (RP) subunits in C. elegans using RNAi specifically from the L4 stage and through generation of endogenously tagged 19S RP lid subunit strains. We show functions for the 19S RP in regulation of proliferation and maintenance of integrity of mitotic zone nuclei, in polymerization of the synaptonemal complex (SC) onto meiotic chromosomes and in the timing of SC subunit redistribution to the short arm of the bivalent, and in turnover of XND-1 proteins at late pachytene. Furthermore, we report that certain 19S RP subunits are required for proper germ line localization of WEE-1.3, a major meiotic kinase. Additionally, endogenous fluorescent labeling revealed that the two isoforms of the essential 19S RP proteasome subunit RPN-6.1 are expressed in a tissue-specific manner in the hermaphrodite. Also, we demonstrate that the 19S RP subunits RPN-6.1 and RPN-7 are crucial for the nuclear localization of the lid subunits RPN-8 and RPN-9 in oocytes, further supporting the ability to utilize the C. elegans germ line as a model to study proteasome assembly real-time. Collectively, our data support the premise that certain 19S RP proteasome subunits are playing tissue-specific roles, especially in the germ line. We propose C. elegans as a versatile multicellular model to study the diverse proteolytic and non-proteolytic roles that proteasome subunits play in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Cristina Quesada-Candela
- Magee-Womens Research Institute and Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Makaelah Murray
- Department of Biology, Howard University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Caroline Ugoaru
- Department of Biology, Howard University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Judith L. Yanowitz
- Magee-Womens Research Institute and Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Departments of Developmental Biology, Microbiology, and Molecular Genetics, The Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- *Correspondence: Judith L. Yanowitz, ; Anna K. Allen,
| | - Anna K. Allen
- Department of Biology, Howard University, Washington, DC, United States
- *Correspondence: Judith L. Yanowitz, ; Anna K. Allen,
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Sawada H, Saito T. Mechanisms of Sperm-Egg Interactions: What Ascidian Fertilization Research Has Taught Us. Cells 2022; 11:2096. [PMID: 35805180 PMCID: PMC9265791 DOI: 10.3390/cells11132096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Fertilization is an essential process in terrestrial organisms for creating a new organism with genetic diversity. Before gamete fusion, several steps are required to achieve successful fertilization. Animal spermatozoa are first activated and attracted to the eggs by egg-derived chemoattractants. During the sperm passage of the egg's extracellular matrix or upon the sperm binding to the proteinaceous egg coat, the sperm undergoes an acrosome reaction, an exocytosis of acrosome. In hermaphrodites such as ascidians, the self/nonself recognition process occurs when the sperm binds to the egg coat. The activated or acrosome-reacted spermatozoa penetrate through the proteinaceous egg coat. The extracellular ubiquitin-proteasome system, the astacin-like metalloproteases, and the trypsin-like proteases play key roles in this process in ascidians. In the present review, we summarize our current understanding and perspectives on gamete recognition and egg coat lysins in ascidians and consider the general mechanisms of fertilization in animals and plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hitoshi Sawada
- Department of Nutritional Environment, College of Human Life and Environment, Kinjo Gakuin University, Nagoya 463-8521, Japan
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Takako Saito
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
- Shizuoka Institute for the Study of Marine Biology and Chemistry, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Li Z, Zhang X, Xie S, Liu X, Fei C, Huang X, Tang Y, Zhou LQ. H3K36me2 methyltransferase NSD2 orchestrates epigenetic reprogramming during spermatogenesis. Nucleic Acids Res 2022; 50:6786-6800. [PMID: 35736136 PMCID: PMC9262605 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkac533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Spermatogenesis is precisely controlled by sophisticated gene expression programs and is driven by epigenetic reprogramming, including histone modification alterations and histone-to-protamine transition. Nuclear receptor binding SET domain protein 2 (Nsd2) is the predominant histone methyltransferase catalyzing H3K36me2 and its role in male germ cell development remains elusive. Here, we report that NSD2 protein is abundant in spermatogenic cells. Conditional loss of Nsd2 in postnatal germ cells impaired fertility owing to apoptosis of spermatocytes and aberrant spermiogenesis. Nsd2 deficiency results in dysregulation of thousands of genes and remarkable reduction of both H3K36me2 and H3K36me3 in spermatogenic cells, with H3K36me2 occupancy correlating positively with expression of germline genes. Nsd2 deficiency leads to H4K16ac elevation in spermatogenic cells, probably through interaction between NSD2 and PSMA8, which regulates acetylated histone degradation. We further reveal that Nsd2 deficiency impairs EP300-induced H4K5/8ac, recognized by BRDT to mediate the eviction of histones. Accordingly, histones are largely retained in Nsd2-deficient spermatozoa. In addition, Nsd2 deficiency enhances expression of protamine genes, leading to increased protamine proteins in Nsd2-deficient spermatozoa. Our findings thus reveal a previously unappreciated role of the Nsd2-dependent chromatin remodeling during spermatogenesis and provide clues to the molecular mechanisms in epigenetic abnormalities impacting male reproductive health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiming Li
- Correspondence may also be addressed to Zhiming Li.
| | | | - Shiming Xie
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Xingping Liu
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Caifeng Fei
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Xunbin Huang
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Yunge Tang
- Correspondence may also be addressed to Yunge Tang.
| | - Li-quan Zhou
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +86 27 83692651; Fax: +86 27 83692651;
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Abstract
Meiotic crossover recombination is required for faithful chromosome segregation and promotes genetic diversity by reshuffling alleles between parental chromosomes. Meiotic chromosomes are organized into arrays of loops that are anchored to the proteinaceous axes. The length of the meiotic chromosome axis is intimately associated with crossover frequencies in yeast and higher eukaryotes. However, how chromosome axis length is regulated in meiosis is unknown. Here, we demonstrate that cohesin regulator Pds5 interacts with proteasomes to regulate meiotic chromosome axis length by modulating ubiquitination. This regulatory mechanism also includes two ubiquitin E3 ligases, SCF (Skp–Cullin–F-box) and Ufd4. These findings identify a molecular pathway in regulating chromosome organization and reveal an unexpected function of the ubiquitin–proteasome system in meiosis. Meiotic crossover (CO) recombination is tightly regulated by chromosome architecture to ensure faithful chromosome segregation and to reshuffle alleles between parental chromosomes for genetic diversity of progeny. However, regulation of the meiotic chromosome loop/axis organization is poorly understood. Here, we identify a molecular pathway for axis length regulation. We show that the cohesin regulator Pds5 can interact with proteasomes. Meiosis-specific depletion of proteasomes and/or Pds5 results in a similarly shortened chromosome axis, suggesting proteasomes and Pds5 regulate axis length in the same pathway. Protein ubiquitination is accumulated in pds5 and proteasome mutants. Moreover, decreased chromosome axis length in these mutants can be largely rescued by decreasing ubiquitin availability and thus decreasing protein ubiquitination. Further investigation reveals that two ubiquitin E3 ligases, SCF (Skp–Cullin–F-box) and Ufd4, are involved in this Pds5–ubiquitin/proteasome pathway to cooperatively control chromosome axis length. These results support the hypothesis that ubiquitination of chromosome proteins results in a shortened chromosome axis, and cohesin–Pds5 recruits proteasomes onto chromosomes to regulate ubiquitination level and thus axis length. These findings reveal an unexpected role of the ubiquitin–proteasome system in meiosis and contribute to our knowledge of how Pds5 regulates meiotic chromosome organization. A conserved regulatory mechanism probably exists in higher eukaryotes.
Collapse
|
21
|
Proteasome complexes experience profound structural and functional rearrangements throughout mammalian spermatogenesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2116826119. [PMID: 35377789 PMCID: PMC9169623 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2116826119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The proteasome is responsible for the homeostasis of intracellular proteins. Here, we describe structural and functional aspects of a poorly characterized proteasome subtype found exclusively in germ cells. The spermatoproteasome was recently shown to be essential for spermatogenesis, a process requiring intense proteolysis. It differs from the constitutive proteasome by only one subunit, α4s, a subunit that replaces its α4 ubiquitous counterpart. In this work, we show how the shift from α4 to α4s regulates proteasome composition, dynamics, interactome, and activity. We reveal a regulation process more complex than previously suggested, which provides the basis for structural and functional studies of the spermatoproteasome. During spermatogenesis, spermatogonia undergo a series of mitotic and meiotic divisions on their path to spermatozoa. To achieve this, a succession of processes requiring high proteolytic activity are in part orchestrated by the proteasome. The spermatoproteasome (s20S) is specific to the developing gametes, in which the gamete-specific α4s subunit replaces the α4 isoform found in the constitutive proteasome (c20S). Although the s20S is conserved across species and was shown to be crucial for germ cell development, its mechanism, function, and structure remain incompletely characterized. Here, we used advanced mass spectrometry (MS) methods to map the composition of proteasome complexes and their interactomes throughout spermatogenesis. We observed that the s20S becomes highly activated as germ cells enter meiosis, mainly through a particularly extensive 19S activation and, to a lesser extent, PA200 binding. Additionally, the proteasome population shifts from c20S (98%) to s20S (>82 to 92%) during differentiation, presumably due to the shift from α4 to α4s expression. We demonstrated that s20S, but not c20S, interacts with components of the meiotic synaptonemal complex, where it may localize via association with the PI31 adaptor protein. In vitro, s20S preferentially binds to 19S and displays higher trypsin- and chymotrypsin-like activities, both with and without PA200 activation. Moreover, using MS methods to monitor protein dynamics, we identified significant differences in domain flexibility between α4 and α4s. We propose that these differences induced by α4s incorporation result in significant changes in the way the s20S interacts with its partners and dictate its role in germ cell differentiation.
Collapse
|
22
|
Xiong Y, Yu C, Zhang Q. Ubiquitin-Proteasome System-Regulated Protein Degradation in Spermatogenesis. Cells 2022; 11:1058. [PMID: 35326509 PMCID: PMC8947704 DOI: 10.3390/cells11061058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Spermatogenesis is a prolonged and highly ordered physiological process that produces haploid male germ cells through more than 40 steps and experiences dramatic morphological and cellular transformations. The ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) plays central roles in the precise control of protein homeostasis to ensure the effectiveness of certain protein groups at a given stage and the inactivation of them after this stage. Many UPS components have been demonstrated to regulate the progression of spermatogenesis at different levels. Especially in recent years, novel testis-specific proteasome isoforms have been identified to be essential and unique for spermatogenesis. In this review, we set out to discuss our current knowledge in functions of diverse USP components in mammalian spermatogenesis through: (1) the composition of proteasome isoforms at each stage of spermatogenesis; (2) the specificity of each proteasome isoform and the associated degradation events; (3) the E3 ubiquitin ligases mediating protein ubiquitination in male germ cells; and (4) the deubiquitinases involved in spermatogenesis and male fertility. Exploring the functions of UPS machineries in spermatogenesis provides a global picture of the proteome dynamics during male germ cell production and shed light on the etiology and pathogenesis of human male infertility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Xiong
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute (ZJU-UoE Institute), Zhejiang University School of Medicine, International Campus, Zhejiang University, 718 East Haizhou Rd, Haining 314400, China;
| | - Chao Yu
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, 3 East Qing Chun Rd, Hangzhou 310020, China;
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Rd, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Qianting Zhang
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute (ZJU-UoE Institute), Zhejiang University School of Medicine, International Campus, Zhejiang University, 718 East Haizhou Rd, Haining 314400, China;
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Functional Differences between Proteasome Subtypes. Cells 2022; 11:cells11030421. [PMID: 35159231 PMCID: PMC8834425 DOI: 10.3390/cells11030421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Four proteasome subtypes are commonly present in mammalian tissues: standard proteasomes, which contain the standard catalytic subunits β1, β2 and β5; immunoproteasomes containing the immuno-subunits β1i, β2i and β5i; and two intermediate proteasomes, containing a mix of standard and immuno-subunits. Recent studies revealed the expression of two tissue-specific proteasome subtypes in cortical thymic epithelial cells and in testes: thymoproteasomes and spermatoproteasomes. In this review, we describe the mechanisms that enable the ATP- and ubiquitin-dependent as well as the ATP- and ubiquitin-independent degradation of proteins by the proteasome. We focus on understanding the role of the different proteasome subtypes in maintaining protein homeostasis in normal physiological conditions through the ATP- and ubiquitin-dependent degradation of proteins. Additionally, we discuss the role of each proteasome subtype in the ATP- and ubiquitin-independent degradation of disordered proteins. We also discuss the role of the proteasome in the generation of peptides presented by MHC class I molecules and the implication of having different proteasome subtypes for the peptide repertoire presented at the cell surface. Finally, we discuss the role of the immunoproteasome in immune cells and its modulation as a potential therapy for autoimmune diseases.
Collapse
|
24
|
Kapetanou M, Athanasopoulou S, Gonos ES. Transcriptional regulatory networks of the proteasome in mammalian systems. IUBMB Life 2021; 74:41-52. [PMID: 34958522 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The tight regulation of proteostasis is essential for physiological cellular function. Mammalian cells possess a network of mechanisms that ensure proteome integrity under normal or stress conditions. The proteasome, being the major cellular proteolytic machinery, is central to proteostasis maintenance in response to distinct intracellular and extracellular conditions. The proteasomes are multisubunit protease complexes that selectively catalyze the degradation of short-lived regulatory proteins and damaged peptides. Different forms of the proteasome complexes comprising of different subunits and attached regulators directly affect the substrate selectivity and degradation. Thus, the proteasome participates in the turnover of a multitude of factors that control key processes that affect the cellular state, such as adaptation to environmental cues, growth, development, metabolism, signaling, senescence, pluripotency, differentiation, and immunity. Aberrations on its function are related to normal processes like aging and pathological conditions such as neurodegeneration and cancer. The past few years of research have highlighted that proteasome abundance, activity, assembly, and localization are subject to a dynamic transcriptional control that secures the continuous adaptation of the proteasome to internal or external stimuli. This review focuses on the factors and signaling pathways that are involved in the regulation of the mammalian proteasome at the transcriptional level. A comprehensive understanding of proteasome regulation has critical implications on disease prevention and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Kapetanou
- Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, Athens, Greece
| | - Sophia Athanasopoulou
- Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, Athens, Greece.,Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larisa, Greece
| | - Efstathios S Gonos
- Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, Athens, Greece.,Hellenic Pasteur Institute, Athens, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Zhang Q, Liu Z, Han X, Li Y, Xia T, Zhu Y, Li Z, Wang L, Hao L, Hu F, Cao Y, Han C, Zhu Z. Circulatory exosomal tRF-Glu-CTC-005 and tRF-Gly-GCC-002 serve as predictive factors of successful microdissection testicular sperm extraction in patients with nonobstructive azoospermia. Fertil Steril 2021; 117:512-521. [PMID: 34955241 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2021.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify circulating plasma exosomal transfer RNA-derived fragments (tRFs) as the predictive factors of successful microdissection testicular sperm extraction (micro-TESE) in patients with nonobstructive azoospermia (NOA). DESIGN Case and control prospective study. SETTING Academic research laboratory. PATIENT(S) Twelve patients with NOA with successful sperm retrieval by micro-TESE, 18 patients with NOA with failed sperm retrieval by micro-TESE, and 12 normozoospermic fertile controls. INTERVENTION(S) Blood samples were collected from participants. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) The abundance of tRFs normalized as counts per million of the total aligned reads with the next-generation sequencing system; candidate tRF levels were validated through quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction; predictive accuracy was evaluated by the receiver operating characteristic area under the curve analysis. The nomogram was built for ranking. RESULT(S) The plasma circulating exosomal tRF-Gly-GCC-002 and tRF-Glu-CTC-005 manifested the most confident differential expression between patients with NOA with successful sperm retrieval by micro-TESE and patients with NOA with failed sperm retrieval by micro-TESE. The target gene prediction of these 2 tRFs followed by the Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis indicated the functional enrichment of neuroendocrine protein metabolism and striatum/subpallium development. The herpes simplex virus 1 infection pathway was also involved. The receiver operating characteristic area under the curve (AUC) analysis demonstrated a promising predictive accuracy: tRF-Gly-GCC-002, AUC of 0.921, and tRF-Glu-CTC-005, AUC of 0.954. A regression model was built and presented with the nomogram for further assessment. CONCLUSION(S) This study described the exosomal tRF-Gly-GCC-002 and tRF-Glu-CTC-005 expression values, indicated a promising predictive effect for accessibility of sperm retrieval through micro-TESE from patients with NOA, and highlighted tRF-Gly-GCC-002 and tRF-Glu-CTC-005 as useful biomarkers in patients with NOA seeking in vitro conception with their residual sperm.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhang
- Xuzhou Engineering Research Center of Medical Genetics and Transformation, Key Laboratory of Genetic Foundation and Clinical Application, Department of Genetics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhao Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxiao Han
- School of Life Science, Tongji University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Li
- Medical Technology College, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian Xia
- Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Zhu
- Xuzhou Engineering Research Center of Medical Genetics and Transformation, Key Laboratory of Genetic Foundation and Clinical Application, Department of Genetics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenbei Li
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China; Department of Urology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Medical Informatics and Engineering, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Hao
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China; Department of Urology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangfang Hu
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yijuan Cao
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Conghui Han
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China; Department of Urology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zuobin Zhu
- Xuzhou Engineering Research Center of Medical Genetics and Transformation, Key Laboratory of Genetic Foundation and Clinical Application, Department of Genetics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Tundo GR, Sbardella D, Oddone F, Kudriaeva AA, Lacal PM, Belogurov AA, Graziani G, Marini S. At the Cutting Edge against Cancer: A Perspective on Immunoproteasome and Immune Checkpoints Modulation as a Potential Therapeutic Intervention. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:4852. [PMID: 34638337 PMCID: PMC8507813 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13194852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunoproteasome is a noncanonical form of proteasome with enzymological properties optimized for the generation of antigenic peptides presented in complex with class I MHC molecules. This enzymatic property makes the modulation of its activity a promising area of research. Nevertheless, immunotherapy has emerged as a front-line treatment of advanced/metastatic tumors providing outstanding improvement of life expectancy, even though not all patients achieve a long-lasting clinical benefit. To enhance the efficacy of the currently available immunotherapies and enable the development of new strategies, a broader knowledge of the dynamics of antigen repertoire processing by cancer cells is needed. Therefore, a better understanding of the role of immunoproteasome in antigen processing and of the therapeutic implication of its modulation is mandatory. Studies on the potential crosstalk between proteasome modulators and immune checkpoint inhibitors could provide novel perspectives and an unexplored treatment option for a variety of cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Anna A. Kudriaeva
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (A.A.K.)
| | - Pedro M. Lacal
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, IDI-IRCCS, 00167 Rome, Italy;
| | - Alexey A. Belogurov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (A.A.K.)
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Grazia Graziani
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, IDI-IRCCS, 00167 Rome, Italy;
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Marini
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Zhang FG, Zhang RR, Gao JM. The organization, regulation, and biological functions of the synaptonemal complex. Asian J Androl 2021; 23:580-589. [PMID: 34528517 PMCID: PMC8577265 DOI: 10.4103/aja202153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The synaptonemal complex (SC) is a meiosis-specific proteinaceous macromolecular structure that assembles between paired homologous chromosomes during meiosis in various eukaryotes. The SC has a highly conserved ultrastructure and plays critical roles in controlling multiple steps in meiotic recombination and crossover formation, ensuring accurate meiotic chromosome segregation. Recent studies in different organisms, facilitated by advances in super-resolution microscopy, have provided insights into the macromolecular structure of the SC, including the internal organization of the meiotic chromosome axis and SC central region, the regulatory pathways that control SC assembly and dynamics, and the biological functions exerted by the SC and its substructures. This review summarizes recent discoveries about how the SC is organized and regulated that help to explain the biological functions associated with this meiosis-specific structure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Guo Zhang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology of Shandong Province, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Rui-Rui Zhang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology of Shandong Province, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Jin-Min Gao
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology of Shandong Province, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
A Nut for Every Bolt: Subunit-Selective Inhibitors of the Immunoproteasome and Their Therapeutic Potential. Cells 2021; 10:cells10081929. [PMID: 34440698 PMCID: PMC8394499 DOI: 10.3390/cells10081929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
At the heart of the ubiquitin-proteasome system, the 20S proteasome core particle (CP) breaks down the majority of intracellular proteins tagged for destruction. Thereby, the CP controls many cellular processes including cell cycle progression and cell signalling. Inhibitors of the CP can suppress these essential biological pathways, resulting in cytotoxicity, an effect that is beneficial for the treatment of certain blood cancer patients. During the last decade, several preclinical studies demonstrated that selective inhibition of the immunoproteasome (iCP), one of several CP variants in mammals, suppresses autoimmune diseases without inducing toxic side effects. These promising findings led to the identification of natural and synthetic iCP inhibitors with distinct chemical structures, varying potency and subunit selectivity. This review presents the most prominent iCP inhibitors with respect to possible scientific and medicinal applications, and discloses recent trends towards pan-immunoproteasome reactive inhibitors that cumulated in phase II clinical trials of the lead compound KZR-616 for chronic inflammations.
Collapse
|
29
|
Zhu W, Jiang L, Pan C, Sun J, Huang X, Ni W. Deoxyribonucleic acid methylation signatures in sperm deoxyribonucleic acid fragmentation. Fertil Steril 2021; 116:1297-1307. [PMID: 34253331 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2021.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) methylation patterns in sperm from men with differential levels of sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI). DESIGN Prospective study. SETTING University-affiliated reproductive medicine center. PATIENT(S) A total of 278 male patients consulting for couple infertility were recruited from the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University. INTERVENTION(S) None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Genome-wide DNA methylation analysis was performed using Infinium MethylationEPIC BeadChip on spermatozoal DNA from 20 male patients. Differentially methylated regions (DMRs) were identified and validated using targeted bisulfite amplicon sequencing in spermatozoal DNA from 266 males. RESULT(S) Unsupervised hierarchical clustering analysis revealed three main clusters corresponding to sperm DFI levels (low, medium, or high). Between-cluster comparisons identified 959 (medium-low), 738 (high-medium), and 937 (high-low) DMRs. Sixty-six DMRs were validated in the 266-sample cohort, of which nine CpG fragments corresponding to nine genes (BLCAP, DIRAS3, FAM50B, GNAS, MEST, TSPAN32, PSMA8, SYCP1, and TEX12) exhibited significantly altered methylation in those with high DFI (≥25%) compared with those with low DFI (<25%). CONCLUSION(S) We identified and validated a distinct DNA methylation signature associated with sperm DNA damage in a large, unselected cohort. These results indicate that sperm DNA damage may affect DNA methylation patterns in human sperm.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weijian Zhu
- Central Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Lei Jiang
- Central Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Chengshuang Pan
- Reproductive Medicine Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Junhui Sun
- Reproductive Medicine Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Xuefeng Huang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Wuhua Ni
- Reproductive Medicine Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Immunoproteasome Function in Normal and Malignant Hematopoiesis. Cells 2021; 10:cells10071577. [PMID: 34206607 PMCID: PMC8305381 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) is a central part of protein homeostasis, degrading not only misfolded or oxidized proteins but also proteins with essential functions. The fact that a healthy hematopoietic system relies on the regulation of protein homeostasis and that alterations in the UPS can lead to malignant transformation makes the UPS an attractive therapeutic target for the treatment of hematologic malignancies. Herein, inhibitors of the proteasome, the last and most important component of the UPS enzymatic cascade, have been approved for the treatment of these malignancies. However, their use has been associated with side effects, drug resistance, and relapse. Inhibitors of the immunoproteasome, a proteasomal variant constitutively expressed in the cells of hematopoietic origin, could potentially overcome the encountered problems of non-selective proteasome inhibition. Immunoproteasome inhibitors have demonstrated their efficacy and safety against inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, even though their development for the treatment of hematologic malignancies is still in the early phases. Various immunoproteasome inhibitors have shown promising preliminary results in pre-clinical studies, and one inhibitor is currently being investigated in clinical trials for the treatment of multiple myeloma. Here, we will review data on immunoproteasome function and inhibition in hematopoietic cells and hematologic cancers.
Collapse
|
31
|
Li Z, Marcel N, Devkota S, Auradkar A, Hedrick SM, Gantz VM, Bier E. CopyCatchers are versatile active genetic elements that detect and quantify inter-homolog somatic gene conversion. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2625. [PMID: 33976171 PMCID: PMC8113449 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22927-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
CRISPR-based active genetic elements, or gene-drives, copied via homology-directed repair (HDR) in the germline, are transmitted to progeny at super-Mendelian frequencies. Active genetic elements also can generate widespread somatic mutations, but the genetic basis for such phenotypes remains uncertain. It is generally assumed that such somatic mutations are generated by non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ), the predominant double stranded break repair pathway active in somatic cells. Here, we develop CopyCatcher systems in Drosophila to detect and quantify somatic gene conversion (SGC) events. CopyCatchers inserted into two independent genetic loci reveal unexpectedly high rates of SGC in the Drosophila eye and thoracic epidermis. Focused RNAi-based genetic screens identify several unanticipated loci altering SGC efficiency, one of which (c-MYC), when downregulated, promotes SGC mediated by both plasmid and homologous chromosome-templates in human HEK293T cells. Collectively, these studies suggest that CopyCatchers can serve as effective discovery platforms to inform potential gene therapy strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqian Li
- Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Nimi Marcel
- Section of Molecular Biology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Sushil Devkota
- Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ankush Auradkar
- Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Stephen M Hedrick
- Section of Molecular Biology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Valentino M Gantz
- Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ethan Bier
- Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Tata Institute for Genetics and Society-UCSD, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Cafe SL, Nixon B, Ecroyd H, Martin JH, Skerrett-Byrne DA, Bromfield EG. Proteostasis in the Male and Female Germline: A New Outlook on the Maintenance of Reproductive Health. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:660626. [PMID: 33937261 PMCID: PMC8085359 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.660626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
For fully differentiated, long lived cells the maintenance of protein homeostasis (proteostasis) becomes a crucial determinant of cellular function and viability. Neurons are the most well-known example of this phenomenon where the majority of these cells must survive the entire course of life. However, male and female germ cells are also uniquely dependent on the maintenance of proteostasis to achieve successful fertilization. Oocytes, also long-lived cells, are subjected to prolonged periods of arrest and are largely reliant on the translation of stored mRNAs, accumulated during the growth period, to support meiotic maturation and subsequent embryogenesis. Conversely, sperm cells, while relatively ephemeral, are completely reliant on proteostasis due to the absence of both transcription and translation. Despite these remarkable, cell-specific features there has been little focus on understanding protein homeostasis in reproductive cells and how/whether proteostasis is "reset" during embryogenesis. Here, we seek to capture the momentum of this growing field by highlighting novel findings regarding germline proteostasis and how this knowledge can be used to promote reproductive health. In this review we capture proteostasis in the context of both somatic cell and germline aging and discuss the influence of oxidative stress on protein function. In particular, we highlight the contributions of proteostasis changes to oocyte aging and encourage a focus in this area that may complement the extensive analyses of DNA damage and aneuploidy that have long occupied the oocyte aging field. Moreover, we discuss the influence of common non-enzymatic protein modifications on the stability of proteins in the male germline, how these changes affect sperm function, and how they may be prevented to preserve fertility. Through this review we aim to bring to light a new trajectory for our field and highlight the potential to harness the germ cell's natural proteostasis mechanisms to improve reproductive health. This manuscript will be of interest to those in the fields of proteostasis, aging, male and female gamete reproductive biology, embryogenesis, and life course health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shenae L. Cafe
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, Faculty of Science, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Brett Nixon
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, Faculty of Science, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Heath Ecroyd
- Molecular Horizons, School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Jacinta H. Martin
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - David A. Skerrett-Byrne
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, Faculty of Science, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Elizabeth G. Bromfield
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, Faculty of Science, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Zhang ZH, Jiang TX, Chen LB, Zhou W, Liu Y, Gao F, Qiu XB. Proteasome subunit α4s is essential for formation of spermatoproteasomes and histone degradation during meiotic DNA repair in spermatocytes. J Biol Chem 2021; 296:100130. [PMID: 33262216 PMCID: PMC7949063 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.016485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Meiosis, which produces haploid progeny, is critical to ensuring both faithful genome transmission and genetic diversity. Proteasomes play critical roles at various stages of spermatogenesis, including meiosis, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The atypical proteasomes, which contain the activator PA200, catalyze the acetylation-dependent degradation of the core histones in elongated spermatids and DNA repair in somatic cells. We show here that the testis-specific proteasome subunit α4s/PSMA8 is essential for male fertility by promoting proper formation of spermatoproteasomes, which harbor both PA200 and constitutive catalytic subunits. Immunostaining of a spermatocyte marker, SYCP3, indicated that meiosis was halted at the stage of spermatocytes in the α4s-deficient testes. α4s stimulated the in vitro degradation of the acetylated core histones, instead of nonacetylated histones, by the PA200-proteasome. Deletion of α4s blocked degradation of the core histones at DNA damage loci in spermatocytes, leading to meiotic arrest at metaphase I. Thus, α4s is required for histone degradation at meiotic DNA damage loci, proper progression of meiosis, and fertility in males by promoting proper formation of spermatoproteasomes. These results are important for understanding male infertility and might provide potential targets for male contraception or treatment of male infertility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Hui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation & Regulation Biology, Ministry of Education and College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Tian-Xia Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation & Regulation Biology, Ministry of Education and College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
| | - Lian-Bin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation & Regulation Biology, Ministry of Education and College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenhui Zhou
- Medical Center for Human Reproduction, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yixun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Bo Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation & Regulation Biology, Ministry of Education and College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Dwivedi V, Yaniv K, Sharon M. Beyond cells: The extracellular circulating 20S proteasomes. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2020; 1867:166041. [PMID: 33338594 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.166041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence arising from numerous clinical studies indicate that assembled and functional 20S proteasome complexes circulate freely in plasma. Elevated levels of this core proteolytic complex have been found in the plasma of patients suffering from blood, skin and solid cancers, autoimmune disorders, trauma and sepsis. Moreover, in various diseases, there is a positive correlation between circulating 20S proteasome (c20S) levels and treatment efficacy and survival rates, suggesting the involvement of this under-studied c20S complex in pathophysiology. However, many aspects of this system remain enigmatic, as we still do not know the origin, biological role or mechanisms of extracellular transport and regulation of c20S proteasomes. In this review, we provide an overview of the current understanding of the c20S proteasome system and discuss the remaining gaps in knowledge.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vandita Dwivedi
- Departments of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Karina Yaniv
- Departments of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Michal Sharon
- Departments of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Felipe-Medina N, Caburet S, Sánchez-Sáez F, Condezo YB, de Rooij DG, Gómez-H L, Garcia-Valiente R, Todeschini AL, Duque P, Sánchez-Martin MA, Shalev SA, Llano E, Veitia RA, Pendás AM. A missense in HSF2BP causing primary ovarian insufficiency affects meiotic recombination by its novel interactor C19ORF57/BRME1. eLife 2020; 9:e56996. [PMID: 32845237 PMCID: PMC7498267 DOI: 10.7554/elife.56996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary Ovarian Insufficiency (POI) is a major cause of infertility, but its etiology remains poorly understood. Using whole-exome sequencing in a family with three cases of POI, we identified the candidate missense variant S167L in HSF2BP, an essential meiotic gene. Functional analysis of the HSF2BP-S167L variant in mouse showed that it behaves as a hypomorphic allele compared to a new loss-of-function (knock-out) mouse model. Hsf2bpS167L/S167L females show reduced fertility with smaller litter sizes. To obtain mechanistic insights, we identified C19ORF57/BRME1 as a strong interactor and stabilizer of HSF2BP and showed that the BRME1/HSF2BP protein complex co-immunoprecipitates with BRCA2, RAD51, RPA and PALB2. Meiocytes bearing the HSF2BP-S167L variant showed a strongly decreased staining of both HSF2BP and BRME1 at the recombination nodules and a reduced number of the foci formed by the recombinases RAD51/DMC1, thus leading to a lower frequency of crossovers. Our results provide insights into the molecular mechanism of HSF2BP-S167L in human ovarian insufficiency and sub(in)fertility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Felipe-Medina
- Molecular Mechanisms Program, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer and Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (CSIC-Universidad de Salamanca)SalamancaSpain
| | - Sandrine Caburet
- Université de ParisParis CedexFrance
- Institut Jacques Monod, Université de ParisParisFrance
| | - Fernando Sánchez-Sáez
- Molecular Mechanisms Program, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer and Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (CSIC-Universidad de Salamanca)SalamancaSpain
| | - Yazmine B Condezo
- Molecular Mechanisms Program, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer and Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (CSIC-Universidad de Salamanca)SalamancaSpain
| | - Dirk G de Rooij
- Reproductive Biology Group, Division of Developmental Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht UniversityUtrechtNetherlands
| | - Laura Gómez-H
- Molecular Mechanisms Program, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer and Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (CSIC-Universidad de Salamanca)SalamancaSpain
| | - Rodrigo Garcia-Valiente
- Molecular Mechanisms Program, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer and Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (CSIC-Universidad de Salamanca)SalamancaSpain
| | - Anne Laure Todeschini
- Université de ParisParis CedexFrance
- Institut Jacques Monod, Université de ParisParisFrance
| | - Paloma Duque
- Molecular Mechanisms Program, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer and Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (CSIC-Universidad de Salamanca)SalamancaSpain
| | - Manuel Adolfo Sánchez-Martin
- Transgenic Facility, Nucleus platform, Universidad de SalamancaSalamancaSpain
- Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de SalamancaSalamancaSpain
| | - Stavit A Shalev
- The Genetic Institute, "Emek" Medical CenterAfulaIsrael
- Bruce and Ruth Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, TechnionHaifaIsrael
| | - Elena Llano
- Molecular Mechanisms Program, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer and Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (CSIC-Universidad de Salamanca)SalamancaSpain
- Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, Universidad de SalamancaSalamancaSpain
| | - Reiner A Veitia
- Université de ParisParis CedexFrance
- Institut Jacques Monod, Université de ParisParisFrance
- Université Paris-Saclay, Institut de Biologie F. Jacob, Commissariat à l’Energie AtomiqueFontenay aux RosesFrance
| | - Alberto M Pendás
- Molecular Mechanisms Program, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer and Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (CSIC-Universidad de Salamanca)SalamancaSpain
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Pan Y, Wang L, Xie Y, Tan Y, Chang C, Qiu X, Li X. Characterization of differentially expressed plasma proteins in patients with acute myocardial infarction. J Proteomics 2020; 227:103923. [PMID: 32736138 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2020.103923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Novel biomarkers are needed to identify NSTEMI in AMI patients. The study objective was to use proteomics to identify novel plasma biomarkers for STEMI and NSTEMI patients. iTRAQ analysis was performed on pooled samples from 8 healthy controls and 12 STEMI and 12 NSTEMI patients. Bioinformatics analysis identified 95 differentially expressed proteins that were differentially expressed in the plasma of AMI patients and healthy controls; 28 of these proteins were found in STEMI/Con (22 upregulated and 6 downregulated), 48 in NSTEMI/Con (12 upregulated and 36 downregulated), and 44 in NSTEMI/STEMI (11 upregulated and 33 downregulated). Protein network analysis was then performed using STRING software. Functional analysis revealed that the identified plasma proteins were mainly involved with carbon metabolism, toll-like receptor signaling pathway, and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Nine of the proteins (SSA1, MDH1, FCN2, GPI, S100A8, LBP, vinculin, VDBP, and RBP4) that changed levels during AMI progression were further validated by ELISA. The constructed plasma proteome could reflect the AMI pathogenesis molecular mechanisms and provide a method for the early identification of NSTEMI in AMI patients. SIGNIFICANCE: The aim of this study was to use proteomics to identify novel predictive plasma biomarkers for patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), which would allow for either identification of individuals at risk of an infarction, and early identification of NSTEMI in patients with AMI. Using an approach that combined iTRAQ with LC-MS/MS, we found 95 proteins that showed significant differences in expression levels among the AMI patients and healthy controls. The proteins SSA1, MDH1, FCN2, GPI, S100A8, LBP, vinculin, VDBP, and RBP4 were found to play crucial roles in the pathogenesis of AMI. Using bioinformatics analysis, we found that dysregulation of carbon metabolism, toll-like receptor signaling pathway, and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy may be the major driving forces for cardiac damage during myocardial infarction. However, further investigations are needed to verify the mechanisms involved in the development of AMI especially NSTEMI. Taken together, our findings lay the foundation for understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenic processes of AMI, and suggest potential applications for specific biomarkers in early diagnosis and determination of prognosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yilong Pan
- Department of Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, NO.36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Linlin Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, NO.36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Yaofeng Xie
- Department of Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, NO.36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Yuan Tan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Cheng Chang
- Department of Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, NO.36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Xueshan Qiu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaodong Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, NO.36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110004, China.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Kondo H, Matsumura T, Kaneko M, Inoue K, Kosako H, Ikawa M, Takahama Y, Ohigashi I. PITHD1 is a proteasome-interacting protein essential for male fertilization. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:1658-1672. [PMID: 31915251 PMCID: PMC7008373 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.011144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The proteasome is a protein-degrading molecular complex that is necessary for protein homeostasis and various biological functions, including cell cycle regulation, signal transduction, and immune response. Proteasome activity is finely regulated by a variety of proteasome-interacting molecules. PITHD1 is a recently described molecule that has a domain putatively capable of interacting with the proteasome. However, it is unknown whether PITHD1 can actually bind to proteasomes and what it does in vivo Here we report that PITHD1 is detected specifically in the spermatids in the testis and the cortical thymic epithelium in the thymus. Interestingly, PITHD1 associates with immunoproteasomes in the testis, but not with thymoproteasomes in the thymus. Mice deficient in PITHD1 exhibit severe male infertility accompanied with morphological abnormalities and impaired motility of spermatozoa. Furthermore, PITHD1 deficiency reduces proteasome activity in the testis and alters the amount of proteins that are important for fertilization capability by the sperm. However, the PITHD1-deficient mice demonstrate no detectable defects in the thymus, including T cell development. Collectively, our results identify PITHD1 as a proteasome-interacting protein that plays a nonredundant role in the male reproductive system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Kondo
- Division of Experimental Immunology, Institute of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
| | - Takafumi Matsumura
- Department of Experimental Genome Research, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical and Regenerative Sciences, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Life Science, Yokohama City University Association of Medical Science, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
| | - Mari Kaneko
- Laboratory for Animal Resources and Genetic Engineering, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe 650-0047, Japan
| | - Kenichi Inoue
- Laboratory for Animal Resources and Genetic Engineering, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe 650-0047, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Kosako
- Division of Cell Signaling, Fujii Memorial Institute of Medical Sciences, Institute of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
| | - Masahito Ikawa
- Department of Experimental Genome Research, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yousuke Takahama
- Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Izumi Ohigashi
- Division of Experimental Immunology, Institute of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
When few survive to tell the tale: thymus and gonad as auditioning organs: historical overview. Theory Biosci 2019; 139:95-104. [PMID: 31628582 DOI: 10.1007/s12064-019-00306-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Unlike other organs, the thymus and gonads generate nonuniform cell populations, many members of which perish, and a few survive. While it is recognized that thymic cells are "audited" to optimize an organism's immune repertoire, whether gametogenesis could be orchestrated similarly to favor high-quality gametes is uncertain. Ideally, such quality would be affirmed at early stages before the commitment of extensive parental resources. A case is here made that, along the lines of a previously proposed lymphocyte quality control mechanism, gamete quality can be registered indirectly through detection of incompatibilities between proteins encoded by the grandparental DNA sequences within the parent from which haploid gametes are meiotically derived. This "stress test" is achieved in the same way that thymic screening for potential immunological incompatibilities is achieved-by "promiscuous" expression, under the influence of the AIRE protein, of the products of genes that are not normally specific for that organ. Consistent with this, the Aire gene is expressed in both thymus and gonads, and AIRE deficiency impedes function in both organs. While not excluding the subsequent emergence of hybrid incompatibilities due to the intermixing of genomic sequences from parents (rather than grandparents), many observations, such as the number of proteins that are aberrantly expressed during gametogenesis, can be explained on this basis. Indeed, promiscuous expression could have first evolved in gamete-forming cells where incompatible proteins would be manifest as aberrant protein aggregates that cause apoptosis. This mechanism would later have been co-opted by thymic epithelial cells which display peptides from aggregates to remove potentially autoreactive T cells.
Collapse
|