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Alqassim AY, Badedi M, Muaddi MA, Alharbi AA, Jareebi MA, Makeen AM, El-Setouhy M, Albasheer OB, Sabai A, Sahly A. Shifting spatial, temporal and demographic patterns of dengue incidence and associated meteorological factors in Jazan Region of Saudi Arabia from 2015-2020. J Vector Borne Dis 2024; 61:444-451. [PMID: 38634364 DOI: 10.4103/jvbd.jvbd_15_24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND OBJECTIVES Dengue poses a considerable public health threat in Saudi Arabia, with escalating outbreaks in Jazan, where seasonal rains create ideal mosquito breeding conditions. Elucidating local epidemiological dynamics is imperative to strengthen evidence-based prevention policies. This study analyzed the spatiotemporal, demographic, and meteorological patterns of dengue in Jazan from 2015-2020. METHODS This retrospective cross-sectional study utilized surveillance records for 3427 confirmed dengue cases. Descriptive analyses characterized geographic, seasonal, age, gender, and nationality distributions. Forecasting models project expected epidemics through 2025. Regression analysis identified climate factors associated with monthly case counts. RESULTS Dengue exhibited shifting seasonal peaks, transitioning into year-round transmission by 2019, indicating endemic establishment. Cases clustered in different high-burden sectors annually, requiring localized vector control. The majority of affected individuals were young male adults, with gender gaps narrowing over time. Saudi nationals had an escalating incidence, but non-citizens showed a higher risk, signaling importation threats. Seasonal outbreaks were associated with temperature, wind speed, and direction. INTERPRETATION CONCLUSION Enhanced surveillance, outbreak forecasting, targeted control activities, and integrated prevention policies grounded in continuous evidence assessment can effectively address endemic dengue transmission in Jazan. This study provides key insights to optimize data-driven decision-making for dengue control in Saudi Arabia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Y Alqassim
- Family and Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan City, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Badedi
- Administration of Research and Studies, Jazan Health Department, Jazan City, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A Muaddi
- Family and Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan City, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah A Alharbi
- Family and Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan City, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad A Jareebi
- Family and Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan City, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anwar M Makeen
- Family and Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan City, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maged El-Setouhy
- Family and Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan City, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama B Albasheer
- Family and Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan City, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Sabai
- Directorate of Primary Health Care Centers, Jazan Health Department, Jazan City, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Sahly
- Public Health Administration, Jazan Health Department, Jazan City, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
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Chae K, Contreras B, Romanowski JS, Dawson C, Myles KM, Adelman ZN. Transgene removal using an in cis programmed homing endonuclease via single-strand annealing in the mosquito Aedes aegypti. Commun Biol 2024; 7:660. [PMID: 38811748 PMCID: PMC11137009 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06348-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
While gene drive strategies have been proposed to aid in the control of mosquito-borne diseases, additional genome engineering technologies may be required to establish a defined end-of-product-life timeline. We previously demonstrated that single-strand annealing (SSA) was sufficient to program the scarless elimination of a transgene while restoring a disrupted gene in the disease vector mosquito Aedes aegypti. Here, we extend these findings by establishing that complete transgene removal (four gene cassettes comprising ~8-kb) can be programmed in cis. Reducing the length of the direct repeat from 700-bp to 200-bp reduces, but does not eliminate, SSA activity. In contrast, increasing direct repeat length to 1.5-kb does not increase SSA rates, suggesting diminishing returns above a certain threshold size. Finally, we show that while the homing endonuclease Y2-I-AniI triggered both SSA and NHEJ at significantly higher rates than I-SceI at one genomic locus (P5-EGFP), repair events are heavily skewed towards NHEJ at another locus (kmo), suggesting the nuclease used and the genomic region targeted have a substantial influence on repair outcomes. Taken together, this work establishes the feasibility of engineering temporary transgenes in disease vector mosquitoes, while providing critical details concerning important operational parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keun Chae
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Bryan Contreras
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Joseph S Romanowski
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Chanell Dawson
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Kevin M Myles
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Zach N Adelman
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA.
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Soria C, Almirón WR, Stewart-Ibarra AM, Crocco LB. Systematic Review of Impacts of Educational Interventions to Control Breeding Sites of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus Mosquitoes. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2024; 110:979-988. [PMID: 38579697 PMCID: PMC11066344 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.23-0427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Community participation is a critical element in the management of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus breeding sites. Many educational interventions have been conducted to encourage prevention and elimination of breeding sites among different community actors, such as government-run programs for vector surveillance aimed at preventing and eliminating breeding sites at the household level within a community. Getting people involved in prevention and elimination of vector breeding sites in their communities requires communication and social mobilization strategies to promote and reinforce those prevention actions that, in turn, should be effective from the entomological standpoint. Articles published in English, Spanish, and Portuguese, were reviewed to assess whether educational interventions targeting Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus were effective in reducing entomological indicators or in improving practices to prevent the presence of or eliminate breeding sites. The most widely used indicators were larval indices and the practices associated with reducing/eliminating breeding sites. We found that using a community-based approach adapted to eco-epidemiological and sociocultural scenarios explains the reduction of entomological indicators by educational interventions. Those who design or implement educational interventions should strengthen the evaluation of those interventions using qualitative approaches that provide a more complete picture of the social context and the barriers and facilitators to implementing vector control. Engaging school children in cross-sectorial collaboration involving the health and education spheres promotes the participation of the community in vector surveillance and reduces the risk of arboviral disease transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carola Soria
- Cátedra de Introducción a la Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas y Tecnológicas, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas-CONICET, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Walter Ricardo Almirón
- Cátedra de Introducción a la Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas y Tecnológicas, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas-CONICET, Córdoba, Argentina
| | | | - Liliana Beatriz Crocco
- Cátedra de Introducción a la Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas y Tecnológicas, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas-CONICET, Córdoba, Argentina
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Vande Velde F, Overgaard HJ, Bastien S. An integrated human behavioral model for mosquito-borne disease control: A scoping review of behavior change theories used to identify key behavioral determinants. Heliyon 2024; 10:e26488. [PMID: 38420413 PMCID: PMC10901007 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Mosquito-borne disease (MBD) control depends largely on a range of public health measures aimed at reducing the spread of infected mosquitoes and human-mosquito contact. These public health measures are generally driven by voluntary, though in few occasions obligatory (e.g., indoor residual spraying), self-protective behaviors by individuals and communities. To develop effective interventions that promote public health measures, the underlying mechanisms that contribute to self-protective behaviors should be well understood. The present scoping review aims to provide a timely overview of how behavior change theories have been applied in the context of MBD control. In addition, the review proposes an integrated model that includes identified key determinants in MBD control behavior, and identifies knowledge gaps to inform future research. A comprehensive search was performed in several databases: MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Embase (Ovid), Web of Science Core Collection, CINAHL, ERIC, and Econ.Lit (EBSCO), as well as registered trials and reviews in CENTRAL and PROSPERO to identify ongoing or unpublished studies. References of included studies and literature reviews were screened, as well as citation tracking in Web of Science, Google Scholar and the malaria database of Behavior Change Impact. This scoping review identified a total of 28 studies. Most studies targeted personal-protective behavioral measures such as adopting, using, or maintaining insecticide-treated bed nets, and were most frequently informed by risk-related behavioral theories. Knowledge and perceived susceptibility of the risk, and related perceived efficacy were identified as key behavioral determinants in the conceptual, integrated human behavior model for MBD control. Numerous studies related to MBD control behavior, especially those focusing on knowledge-attitudes-practices (KAP), often lack a solid theoretical framework, which risks depicting an incomplete understanding of behaviors. In addition, by incorporating various behavioral disciplines into the domain of MBD control, a more comprehensive understanding of key behavioral determinants may be developed and applied in future research and MBD control efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona Vande Velde
- Department of Public Health Science, Faculty of Landscape and Society, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
- Department of Translational Physiology, Infectiology and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Hans J Overgaard
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Sheri Bastien
- Department of Public Health Science, Faculty of Landscape and Society, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- The Centre for Evidence-Based Public Health: A JBI Affiliated Group, Department of Public Health Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
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Boucheikhchoukh M, Lafri I, Chamssidine Combo A, Regalado C, Barthés C, Leulmi H. Assessing the Effectiveness of Qista Baited Traps in Capturing Mosquito Vectors of Diseases in the Camargue Region (France) and Investigating Their Diversity. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:1809. [PMID: 37409687 DOI: 10.3390/ani13111809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuisance, allergy, and vector role: mosquitoes are responsible for numerous inconveniences. Several strategies have been employed to fight against this confirmed vector. To record the diversity of mosquito vectors in Camargue (France) and assess the effectiveness of the Qista trap, six BAMs were deployed as a belt barrier to protect the Espeyran Castle (Saint-Gilles, Camargue). Prior to evaluating the reduction in the nuisance rate, recovery nets from the traps and human landing catches (HLC) were utilized twice a week in the treated and control areas. Overall, 85,600 mosquitoes were captured, belonging to eleven species, namely Aedes albopictus, Aedes caspius, Aedes detritus, Aedes dorsalis, Aedes rossicus, Aedes vexans, Anopheles maculipennis, Culex pipiens, Culex modestus, Culiseta annulata and Culiseta longiareolata. The six BAM devices trapped 84,461 mosquitoes. The average capture rate per BAM is 76.92 mosquitoes per day. The rate of nuisance has decreased from 4.33 ± 2.88 before the deployment to 1.59 ± 2.77 after BAM implantation. The Qista BAM trap seems to be an excellent tool for reducing the nuisance rate and may help researchers to optimize trapping methods by obtaining more significant sample sizes. It may also allow the updating of the host-seeking mosquito species' reported biodiversity in the south of France.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Boucheikhchoukh
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Chadli Bendjedid El Tarf University, PB 73, El-Tarf 36000, Algeria
| | - Ismail Lafri
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Blida 1 University, Blida 09000, Algeria
| | | | - Christophe Regalado
- Department of "Licence Sciences et Technologies", Université Grenoble Alpes, 480 Avenue Centrale Domaine Universitaire, 38400 Saint-Martin-d'Hères, France
- Department of "Génie Biologique", Aix-Marseille Université, 19 Boulevard Saint Jean Chrysostome, 04000 Digne les Bains, France
| | - César Barthés
- Qista Techno BAM, 130 Lubéron Avenue, 13560 Sénas, France
- Department of "Génie Biologique", Université de Caen Basse Normandie-Campus 2, Boulevard du Maréchal Juin, CEDEX 5, 14032 Caen, France
| | - Hamza Leulmi
- Qista Techno BAM, 130 Lubéron Avenue, 13560 Sénas, France
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Parker DM, Medina C, Bohl J, Lon C, Chea S, Lay S, Kong D, Nhek S, Man S, Doehl JSP, Leang R, Kry H, Rekol H, Oliveira F, Minin VM, Manning JE. Determinants of exposure to Aedes mosquitoes: A comprehensive geospatial analysis in peri-urban Cambodia. Acta Trop 2023; 239:106829. [PMID: 36649803 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2023.106829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Aedes mosquitoes are some of the most important and globally expansive vectors of disease. Public health efforts are largely focused on prevention of human-vector contact. A range of entomological indices are used to measure risk of disease, though with conflicting results (i.e. larval or adult abundance does not always predict risk of disease). There is a growing interest in the development and use of biomarkers for exposure to mosquito saliva, including for Aedes spp, as a proxy for disease risk. In this study, we conduct a comprehensive geostatistical analysis of exposure to Aedes mosquito bites among a pediatric cohort in a peri‑urban setting endemic to dengue, Zika, and chikungunya viruses. We use demographic, household, and environmental variables (the flooding index (NFI), land type, and proximity to a river) in a Bayesian geostatistical model to predict areas of exposure to Aedes aegypti bites. We found that hotspots of exposure to Ae. aegypti salivary gland extract (SGE) were relatively small (< 500 m and sometimes < 250 m) and stable across the two-year study period. Age was negatively associated with antibody responses to Ae. aegypti SGE. Those living in agricultural settings had lower antibody responses than those living in urban settings, whereas those living near recent surface water accumulation were more likely to have higher antibody responses. Finally, we incorporated measures of larval and adult density in our geostatistical models and found that they did not show associations with antibody responses to Ae. aegypti SGE after controlling for other covariates in the model. Our results indicate that targeted house- or neighborhood-focused interventions may be appropriate for vector control in this setting. Further, demographic and environmental factors more capably predicted exposure to Ae. aegypti mosquitoes than commonly used entomological indices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel M Parker
- Program in Public Health, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.
| | - Catalina Medina
- Program in Public Health, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA; Department of Statistics, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Jennifer Bohl
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Chanthap Lon
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; International Center of Excellence in Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Sophana Chea
- National Center of Parasitology, Entomology and Malaria Control, Ministry of Health, Phnom Penh, Cambodia; International Center of Excellence in Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Sreyngim Lay
- National Center of Parasitology, Entomology and Malaria Control, Ministry of Health, Phnom Penh, Cambodia; International Center of Excellence in Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Dara Kong
- National Center of Parasitology, Entomology and Malaria Control, Ministry of Health, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Sreynik Nhek
- International Center of Excellence in Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Somnang Man
- National Center of Parasitology, Entomology and Malaria Control, Ministry of Health, Phnom Penh, Cambodia; International Center of Excellence in Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Johannes S P Doehl
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Rithea Leang
- National Center of Parasitology, Entomology and Malaria Control, Ministry of Health, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Hok Kry
- Kampong Speu Provincial Health District, Ministry of Health, Cambodia
| | - Huy Rekol
- National Center of Parasitology, Entomology and Malaria Control, Ministry of Health, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Fabiano Oliveira
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; International Center of Excellence in Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | | | - Jessica E Manning
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; International Center of Excellence in Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
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Contreras B, Adelman ZN, Chae K. Evaluating the Mating Competency of Genetically Modified Male Mosquitoes in Laboratory Conditions. FRONTIERS IN TROPICAL DISEASES 2023; 4:1106671. [PMID: 37860147 PMCID: PMC10586724 DOI: 10.3389/fitd.2023.1106671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Efforts to eradicate mosquito-borne diseases have increased the demand for genetic control strategies, many of which involve the release of genetically modified (GM) mosquito males into natural populations. The first hurdle for GM males is to compete with their wild-type counterparts for access to females. Here, we introduce an eye color-based mating assay, in which both Lvp wild-type and kynurenine 3-monooxygenase (kmo)-null males compete for access to kmo-null females, and therefore the eye color phenotype (black or white) of the progeny is dependent on the parental mating pair. A series of tests addressed that male mating competitiveness between the two strains can significantly be influenced by adult density, light intensity, and mating duration. Interestingly, the mating competitiveness of males was not correlated with body size, which was negatively influenced by a high larval density. Lastly, this eye color-associated assay was applied to characterize GM mosquitoes in their mating competitiveness, establishing this method as a fast and precise way of benchmarking this fitness parameter for laboratory-raised males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan Contreras
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Zach N. Adelman
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Keun Chae
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
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Zhao C, Zhou X, Xue C, Lun X, Li W, Liu X, Wu H, Song X, Wang J, Liu Q, Meng F. Knockdown resistance mutations distribution and characteristics of Aedes albopictus field populations within eleven dengue local epidemic provinces in China. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 12:981702. [PMID: 36846550 PMCID: PMC9948608 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.981702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Aedes albopictus, commonly known as the tiger mosquito, has attracted global attention because its bite can transmit several viruses, such as dengue virus. With the absence of an effective therapy and vaccine, mosquito control is the sole method for dengue fever control. However, Ae. albopictus has developed resistance to most insecticides, especially pyrethroids. Many scholars have conducted thorough research for the target-site of pyrethroids. The main target-site is the voltage-gated sodium channel gene (VGSC) whose mutation causes knockdown resistance (kdr). The spatial distribution of three locus kdr mutations in Ae. albopictus has not been comprehensively analyzed nationwide in China. In addition, the relationship between the frequency of kdr mutations and dengue fever has not yet been explored. Methods A total of 2,241 Ae. albopictus samples from 49 populations from 11 provinces of mainland China were collected in 2020 and analyzed for mutations in the VGSC gene. DNAstar 7.1. Seqman and Mega-X were used to compare the sequences and read the peak map to confirm the genotypes and alleles of each mutation. ArcGIS 10.6 software was used to make interpolation and extract meteorological data of collection sites and to conduct spatial autocorrelation analysis. R 4.1.2 software was used to conduct a chi-square test for kdr mutations and dengue area and to analyze the correlation between meteorological factors and kdr mutations. Results The overall frequencies of mutant alleles at 1016G, 1532T, and 1534S/C/L were 13.19%, 4.89%, and 46.90%, respectively. Mutations at the three loci were found at 89.80% (44/49), 44.90% (22/49), and 97.96% (48/49) of the field populations. At each of the loci V1016 and I1532, only one allele was detected, which was GGA(G) and ACC(T), respectively. Five mutant alleles were found at codon 1534: TCC/S (33.49%), TGC/C (11.96%), TTG/L (0.60%), CTC/L (0.49%), and TTA/L (0.58%). In total, 31 triple-locus genotype combinations were found, and the single locus mutation was the most common. We also found firstly triple-locus mutant individuals, whose genotypes were V/G+I/T+F/S and V/G+I/T+S/S. The 1016 and 1532 mutation rates were significantly negatively related to the annual average temperature (AAT), but the 1534 mutation rate was significantly positively related to AAT. The 1532 mutation rate was significantly positively related to the 1016 mutation rate but negatively related to the 1534 mutation rate. A relationship was observed between the 1534 codon mutation rate and dengue epidemic areas in this study. Furthermore, spatial autocorrelation analysis results showed that the mutation rates of different codons in different geographical areas had spatial aggregation and positive spatial correlation. Conclusion This study showed that the multiple kdr mutations at codon 1016, 1532 and 1534 of Ae. albopictus were found in most areas of China. Two novel triple-locus genotype combinations, V/G+I/T+F/S and V/G+I/T+S/S, were detected in this study. In addition, the relationship between mosquito resistance and dengue fever outbreak should be further explored, especially considering the insecticide-usage history in different areas. The characteristic of spatial aggregation of VGSC gene mutation rates reminds us to notice the gene exchange and similarity of insecticide usage in the adjacent areas. The use of pyrethroids should be restricted to delay resistance development. New-type insecticides should be developed to adjust the changes in the resistance spectrum. Our study provides abundant data on the Ae. albopictus kdr gene mutation in China; these findings will be useful for the correlation analysis of molecular mechanism of insecticide resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunchun Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Centre for Vector Surveillance and Management, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Xinxin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Centre for Vector Surveillance and Management, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- Beijing Daxing District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Genaral Office, Beijing, China
| | - Chuizhao Xue
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), National Health Committee (NHC) Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinchang Lun
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Centre for Vector Surveillance and Management, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Wenyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Centre for Vector Surveillance and Management, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaobo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Centre for Vector Surveillance and Management, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Haixia Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Centre for Vector Surveillance and Management, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Xiuping Song
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Centre for Vector Surveillance and Management, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Centre for Vector Surveillance and Management, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Qiyong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Centre for Vector Surveillance and Management, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Fengxia Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Centre for Vector Surveillance and Management, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
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Sarmiento-Senior D, Matiz MI, Vargas-Cruz S, Jaramillo JF, Olano VA, Lenhart A, Stenström TA, Alexander N, Overgaard HJ. Improving knowledge, attitudes, and practices on dengue and diarrhea in rural primary school students, their parents, and teachers in Colombia: A cluster-randomized controlled trial. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2022; 16:e0010985. [PMID: 36574453 PMCID: PMC9829171 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0010985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Improved education on water-related diseases in schools could help to reduce disease burden. This paper presents specific results on knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) of a cluster-randomized controlled trial to reduce diarrheal disease and dengue entomological risk factors in rural primary schools in Colombia. The aim was to investigate whether enhanced educational interventions on dengue and diarrheal disease in schools could improve KAP scores related to these diseases in students and teachers in rural primary schools, as well as the students' parents. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS A factorial cluster-randomized controlled trial was carried out in 35 rural primary schools in two municipalities in Cundinamarca, central Colombia. Schools were randomized into four arms: interventions related to diarrheal disease (DIA), dengue (DEN), both (DIADEN), or no interventions (control, CON). Both educational and physical interventions to reduce risk factors of dengue and diarrhea were implemented. Comprehensive teachers' manuals were developed and deployed to guide the learning activities. The intervention was carried out over two school years. The knowledge scores of students receiving dengue interventions (DEN, DIADEN) increased by 1.16 point score (0.75-1.56, p<0.001) and those receiving diarrhea interventions (DIA, DIADEN) increased by 1.15 point score (0.67-1.63, p<0.001). The attitude and practice scores of students receiving the diarrhea interventions increased (Attitudes: 0.41 [0.11-0.71, p = 0.01]; Practices: 0.33 [0.01-0.65, p = 0.042]), but not for those receiving the dengue interventions (p = 0.31 and p = 0.08, respectively). CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE There were increases in knowledge scores among students, their teachers and their parents for both diseases. However, the attitudes and practices components were not affected to the same extent. The hypothesis that the students would disseminate knowledge acquired from the educational interventions to their parents was confirmed for dengue, but not for diarrhea. TRIAL REGISTRATION ISRCTN40195031 The trial is registered in the Current Controlled Trials under Infections and Infestations category.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Sarmiento-Senior
- Instituto de Salud y Ambiente, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia
- * E-mail: (DSS); (NA); (HJO)
| | - Maria Ines Matiz
- Instituto de Salud y Ambiente, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | | | | | - Audrey Lenhart
- Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Thor Axel Stenström
- Institute for Water and Waste Water Technology, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa
| | - Neal Alexander
- MRC International Statistics and Epidemiology Group, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
- * E-mail: (DSS); (NA); (HJO)
| | - Hans J. Overgaard
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
- Department of Microbiology & Tropical Disease Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- * E-mail: (DSS); (NA); (HJO)
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10
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Vásquez VN, Reddy MR, Marshall JM. Environmentally appropriate vector control is facilitated by standard metrics for simulation-based evaluation. FRONTIERS IN TROPICAL DISEASES 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fitd.2022.953212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
As anthropogenic factors contribute to the introduction and expansion of new and established vector species, the geographic incidence of mosquito-borne disease is shifting. Computer simulations, informed by field data where possible, facilitate the cost-effective evaluation of available public health interventions and are a powerful tool for informing appropriate policy action. However, a variety of measurements are used in such assessments; this can complicate direct comparisons across both vector control technologies and the models used to simulate them. The expansion of biocontrol to include genetically engineered organisms is now prompting additional metrics with no analogy to traditional measurement approaches. We propose Standard Entomological Metrics (SEMs) to facilitate the model-based appraisal of both existing and novel intervention tools and define two examples: Suppression Efficacy Score and Time to Reduction Target. We formulate twelve synthetic case studies featuring two vector control technologies over three years of observed daily temperature in Cairns, Australia. After calculating Suppression Efficacy Score and Time to Reduction Target results, we apply these example outcomes to a discussion of health policy decision-making using SEMs. We submit that SEMs such as Suppression Efficacy Score and Time to Reduction Target facilitate the wholistic and environmentally appropriate simulation-based evaluation of intervention programs and invite the community to further discussion on this topic.
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11
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Moreira RP, de Oliveira FBB, de Araujo TL, Morais HCC, Cavalcante TF, Gomez MBS, Felício JF, de Oliveira Ferreira G. Health Interventions for Preventing Climate-Sensitive Diseases: Scoping Review. J Urban Health 2022; 99:519-532. [PMID: 35467327 PMCID: PMC9187784 DOI: 10.1007/s11524-022-00631-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Climate variations cause public health problems, but the literature is still scarce on studies involving health interventions against climate-sensitive diseases. The objective of this review was to identify health interventions for the prevention of such diseases. We conducted a scoping review using the JBI Methodology. Six large research databases were searched (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Lilacs, Embase, and Cochrane). The following inclusion criterion was used: studies addressing health interventions to prevent climate-sensitive diseases or consequences of climate on people's health. The exclusion criteria consisted of thesis, dissertations, conference proceedings, studies with unclear information/methodology, and studies not addressing climate-related health interventions. No language or date restrictions were applied. Of 733 studies identified and screened by title and abstract, 55 studies underwent full-text screening, yielding 13 studies for review. The health interventions identified were classified into three levels of management. The macro level included the use of epidemiological models, renewable energy, and policies sensitive to climate change. The meso level comprised interventions such as the creation of environmental suitability maps, urban greening, chemoprophylaxis, water security plans, and sanitation projects, among other measures. Some interventions are at the intersection, such as educational campaigns and the modification of artificial larvae sites. Finally, the micro level contained interventions such as the inspection of window screens and the use of light-colored clothing and repellents. The health interventions at the macro, meso, and micro levels and the intersection may serve as a basis for public managers to implement appropriate interventions against climate-sensitive diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaella Pessoa Moreira
- Health Sciences Institute, University for International Integration of the Afro-Brazilian Lusophony, s/n José Franco de Oliveira St., Redenção, CE 62790-970, Brazil.
| | - Francisco Breno Barbosa de Oliveira
- Health Sciences Institute, University for International Integration of the Afro-Brazilian Lusophony, s/n José Franco de Oliveira St., Redenção, CE 62790-970, Brazil
| | - Thelma Leite de Araujo
- Nursing Departament, Federal University of Ceará, 1115 Alexandre Baraúna St., Fortaleza, CE 60430-160, Brazil
| | - Huana Carolina Candido Morais
- Health Sciences Institute, University for International Integration of the Afro-Brazilian Lusophony, s/n José Franco de Oliveira St., Redenção, CE 62790-970, Brazil
| | - Tahissa Frota Cavalcante
- Health Sciences Institute, University for International Integration of the Afro-Brazilian Lusophony, s/n José Franco de Oliveira St., Redenção, CE 62790-970, Brazil
| | - Maria Begoña Sanchez Gomez
- School of Nursing, University of La Laguna, Candelaria NS University Hospital, Canary Islands Health Service, 38010, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Janiel Ferreira Felício
- Health Sciences Institute, University for International Integration of the Afro-Brazilian Lusophony, s/n José Franco de Oliveira St., Redenção, CE 62790-970, Brazil
| | - Glauciano de Oliveira Ferreira
- Health Sciences Institute, University for International Integration of the Afro-Brazilian Lusophony, s/n José Franco de Oliveira St., Redenção, CE 62790-970, Brazil
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12
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Tortosa-La Osa S, Martín-Ruiz E, Galán-Relaño Á, de Labry-Lima AO. Effectiveness of environmental interventions to reduce entomological indices of dengue, Zika, and chikungunya vector. Acta Trop 2022; 233:106523. [PMID: 35598649 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2022.106523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Vector-borne diseases are a major public health problem. Amongst them, dengue, Zika and chikungunya illnesses are increasing their incidence and geographical expansion. Since vector control is the main measure to prevent these diseases, this systematic review aims to determine the effectiveness of environmental interventions for the prevention of the transmission of these three diseases, as well as for the reduction of their burden. Experimental studies of environmental management interventions aimed at vector control were included. The outcome variables of interest were disease burden indicators and entomological indicators. Of the 923 references initially retrieved, after discarding those that were duplicated or didn't comply with the inclusion criteria, a total of 7 articles were included. All included studies carried out environmental manipulation interventions and only 1 carried out an environmental modification intervention. Regarding the outcome variables, all used entomological indicators (larval or pupae indices). Of those, pupae indices are better indicators of vector abundance. In 4 out of the 6 studies, there was a statistically significant reduction of the pupae indices related to the elimination of small containers, manipulation of large tanks and cleaning outdoor spaces. These interventions are easy to implement and involve little resources, which acquires special importance regarding areas with limited resources. Although it is assumed that a reduction of mosquitoes would lead to a reduction or the risk of transmission, a little evidence proving this has been published. It would be advisable that, in addition to entomological indicators, epidemiological, environmental and sociodemographic factors would be taken into consideration, bearing in mind that mosquito density is one of the many factors that influence the transmission of these viruses. None of the papers included used disease indicators, not allowing to demonstrate if environmental interventions contribute to reduce disease burden.
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13
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Marten GG, Caballero X, Larios A, Bendaña H. Proof of concept for eliminating Aedes aegypti production by means of integrated control including turtles, copepods, tilapia, larvicides, and community participation in Monte Verde, Honduras. Acta Trop 2022; 227:106269. [PMID: 34896104 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2021.106269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Monte Verde, a peri‑urban squatter community near San Pedro Sula, virtually eliminated Aedes aegypti production in all known larval habitats: wells; water storage containers including pilas (open concrete water tanks used for laundry), 200-liter drums, 1000-liter plastic "cisterns," buckets; and objects collecting rainwater. The project began in 2016 when Monte Verde was overrun with dengue, Zika, and chikungunya. During more than a year of experimentation, Monte Verde residents crafted an effective, sustainable, and environmentally friendly toolkit that was inexpensive but required full community participation. Biological control with copepods, turtles, and tilapia was at the core of the toolkit, along with a mix of other methods such as getting rid of unnecessary containers, scrubbing them to remove Ae. aegypti eggs, and covering them to exclude mosquitoes or rainwater. Environmentally friendly larvicides also had a limited but crucial role. Key design features: (1) toolkit components known to be nearly 100% effective at preventing Ae. aegypti production when fitted to appropriate larval habitats; (2) using Ae. aegypti larval habitats as a resource by transforming them into "egg sinks" to drive Ae. aegypti population decline; (3) dedicated community volunteers who worked with their neighbors, targeting 100% coverage of all known Ae. aegypti larval habitats with an appropriate control method; (4) monthly monitoring in which the volunteers visited every house to assess progress and improve coverage as an ongoing learning experience for both volunteers and residents. Taking pupae as an indicator of Ae. aegypti production, from September 2018 to the end of the record in December 2021 (except for a brief lapse during COVID lockdown in 2020), the monthly count of pupae fluctuated between zero and 0.6% of the 22,984 pupae counted in the baseline survey at the beginning of the project. Adult Ae. aegypti declined to low numbers but did not disappear completely. There were no recognizable cases of dengue, Zika, or chikungunya after June 2018, though the study design based on a single site did not provide a basis for rigorous confirmation that Monte Verde's Ae. aegypti control program was responsible. Nonetheless, Monte Verde's success at eliminating Ae. aegypti production can serve as a model for extending this approach to other communities. Key ingredients for success were outside stimulation and facilitation to foster shared community awareness and commitment regarding the problem and its solution, enduring commitment of local leadership, compatibility of the toolkit with the local community, overcoming social obstacles, rapid results with "success breeding success," and building resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Hilda Bendaña
- Operación Bendición Honduras, San Pedro Sula, Honduras
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14
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Safford TG, Whitmore EH, Hamilton LC. Scientists, presidents, and pandemics-comparing the science-politics nexus during the Zika virus and COVID-19 outbreaks. SOCIAL SCIENCE QUARTERLY 2021; 102:2482-2498. [PMID: 34908603 PMCID: PMC8661934 DOI: 10.1111/ssqu.13084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Objective We investigate how beliefs about scientists and presidents affect views about two pandemics, Zika virus (2016) and COVID-19 (2020). Methods Three New Hampshire surveys in 2016 and 2020 provide data to test how beliefs about scientists' practices and presidential approval relate to pandemic views. Results Support for presidents consistently predicts perceptions of scientists' integrity and trust in science agencies for information, but the directionality changes from 2016 to 2020-increased trust among Obama-supporters; decreased trust among Trump-supporters. Respondents who believe scientists lack objectivity are also less likely to trust science agencies during both Zika and COVID-19 and are less apt to be confident in the government's response in 2016. Assessments of pandemic responses become increasingly political during 2020; most notably, support for President Trump strongly predicts confidence in the government's efforts. Conclusion Results highlight how beliefs about scientists' practices and presidents are central to the science-politics nexus during pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas G. Safford
- Department of SociologyUniversity of New HampshireDurhamNew HampshireUSA
| | - Emily H. Whitmore
- Department of SociologyUniversity of New HampshireDurhamNew HampshireUSA
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15
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Clancy IL, Jones RT, Power GM, Logan JG, Iriart JAB, Massad E, Kinsman J. Public health messages on arboviruses transmitted by Aedes aegypti in Brazil. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:1362. [PMID: 34243740 PMCID: PMC8272386 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-11339-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The outbreak of Zika virus in Brazil in 2015 followed the arrival of chikungunya in 2014 and a long history of dengue circulation. Vital to the response to these outbreaks of mosquito-borne pathogens has been the dissemination of public health messages, including those promoted through risk communication posters. This study explores the content of a sample of posters circulated in Brazil towards the end of the Zika epidemic in 2017 and analyses their potential effectiveness in inducing behaviour change. METHODS A content analysis was performed on 37 posters produced in Brazil to address outbreaks of mosquito-borne pathogens. The six variables of the Health Belief Model were used to assess the potential effectiveness of the posters to induce behaviour change. RESULTS Three overarching key messages emerged from the posters. These included (i) the arboviruses and their outcomes, (ii) a battle against the mosquito, and (iii) a responsibility to protect and prevent. Among the six variables utilised through the Health Belief Model, cues to action were most commonly featured, whilst the perceived benefits of engaging in behaviours to prevent arbovirus transmission were the least commonly featured. CONCLUSIONS The posters largely focused on mosquito-borne transmission and the need to eliminate breeding sites, and neglected the risk of the sexual and congenital transmission of Zika and the importance of alternative preventive actions. This, we argue, may have limited the potential effectiveness of these posters to induce behaviour change.
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Affiliation(s)
- India L Clancy
- Department of Public Health, Environments & Society, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Robert T Jones
- Department of Disease Control, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Grace M Power
- Department of Disease Control, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - James G Logan
- Department of Disease Control, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
| | | | - Eduardo Massad
- School of Applied Mathematics, Fundacao Getulio Vargas, Rua Praia de Botafogo 190, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, CEP 22250-900, Brazil
| | - John Kinsman
- Department of Epidemiology and Global Health, Faculty of Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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16
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Bellamy S, Alto BW. The Role of Predation in Determining Traits of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) and Infection With Zika Virus. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2021; 58:1197-1201. [PMID: 33554243 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjab004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Non-lethal predator-prey interactions during the immature stages can cause significant changes to mosquito life history traits and their ability to transmit pathogens as adults. Treatment manipulations using mosquitoes Aedes aegypti (L.) and Toxoryhnchites rutilus (Coquillett) were performed during the immature stages to explore the potential impacts of non-lethal interactions on adult susceptibility to infection, disseminated infection and saliva infection of Ae. aegypti following ingestion of Zika virus-infected blood. Treatments inducing density reduction resulted in reduced development time and survivorship to adulthood. However, effects of treatment did not alter infection, dissemination, or saliva infection. These observations indicate that, while non-lethal predation may impact some traits that influence population dynamics and transmission of pathogens, there were no direct effects on mosquito-arbovirus interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shawna Bellamy
- Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, University of Florida, Vero Beach, FL
| | - Barry W Alto
- Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, University of Florida, Vero Beach, FL
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17
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Chae K, Valentin C, Dawson C, Jakes E, Myles KM, Adelman ZN. A knockout screen of genes expressed specifically in Ae. aegypti pupae reveals a critical role for stretchin in mosquito flight. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 132:103565. [PMID: 33716097 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2021.103565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Aedes aegypti is a critical vector for transmitting Zika, dengue, chikungunya, and yellow fever viruses to humans. Genetic strategies to limit mosquito survival based upon sex distortion or disruption of development may be valuable new tools to control Ae. aegypti populations. We identified six genes with expression limited to pupal development; osi8 and osi11 (Osiris protein family), CPRs and CPF (cuticle protein family), and stretchin (a muscle protein). Heritable CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene knockout of these genes did not reveal any defects in pupal development. However, stretchin-null mutations (strnΔ35/Δ41) resulted in flightless mosquitoes with an abnormal open wing posture. The inability of adult strnΔ35/Δ41 mosquitoes to fly restricted their escape from aquatic rearing media following eclosion, and substantially reduced adult survival rates. Transgenic strains which contain the EGFP marker gene under the control of strn regulatory regions (0.8 kb, 1.4 kb, and 2.2 kb upstream, respectively), revealed the gene expression pattern of strn in muscle-like tissues in the thorax during late morphogenesis from L4 larvae to young adults. We demonstrated that Ae. aegypti pupae-specific strn is critical for adult mosquito flight capability and a key late-acting lethal target for mosquito-borne disease control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keun Chae
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Collin Valentin
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Chanell Dawson
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Emma Jakes
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Kevin M Myles
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Zach N Adelman
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA.
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18
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Davis C, Murphy AK, Bambrick H, Devine GJ, Frentiu FD, Yakob L, Huang X, Li Z, Yang W, Williams G, Hu W. A regional suitable conditions index to forecast the impact of climate change on dengue vectorial capacity. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 195:110849. [PMID: 33561446 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.110849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mosquitoes Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus are the primary vectors of dengue virus, and their geographic distributions are predicted to expand further with economic development, and in response to climate change. We aimed to estimate the impact of future climate change on dengue transmission through the development of a Suitable Conditions Index (SCI), based on climatic variables known to support vectorial capacity. We calculated the SCI based on various climate change scenarios for six countries in the Asia-Pacific region (Australia, China, Indonesia, The Philippines, Thailand and Vietnam). METHODS Monthly raster climate data (temperature and precipitation) were collected for the period January 2005 to December 2018 along with projected climate estimates for the years 2030, 2050 and 2070 using Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 4·5, 6·0 and 8·5 emissions scenarios. We defined suitable temperature ranges for dengue transmission of between 17·05-34·61 °C for Ae. aegypti and 15·84-31·51 °C for Ae. albopictus and then developed a historical and predicted SCI based on weather variability to measure the expected geographic limits of dengue vectorial capacity. Historical and projected SCI values were compared through difference maps for the six countries. FINDINGS Comparing different emission scenarios across all countries, we found that most South East Asian countries showed either a stable pattern of high suitability, or a potential decline in suitability for both vectors from 2030 to 2070, with a declining pattern particularly evident for Ae. albopictus. Temperate areas of both China and Australia showed a less stable pattern, with both moderate increases and decreases in suitability for each vector in different regions between 2030 and 2070. INTERPRETATION The SCI will be a useful index for forecasting potential dengue risk distributions in response to climate change, and independently of the effects of human activity. When considered alongside additional correlates of infection such as human population density and socioeconomic development indicators, the SCI could be used to develop an early warning system for dengue transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Callan Davis
- School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Amanda K Murphy
- School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia; Mosquito Control Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Hilary Bambrick
- School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Gregor J Devine
- Mosquito Control Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Francesca D Frentiu
- Centre for Immunology and Infection Control, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Laith Yakob
- Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Xiaodong Huang
- Centre for Immunology and Infection Control, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Zhongjie Li
- Division of Infectious Disease, Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Early Warning of Infectious Disease, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Weizhong Yang
- Division of Infectious Disease, Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Early Warning of Infectious Disease, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China; School of Population Medicine & Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Gail Williams
- School of Public Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Wenbiao Hu
- School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.
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Benelli G, Wilke ABB, Bloomquist JR, Desneux N, Beier JC. Overexposing mosquitoes to insecticides under global warming: A public health concern? THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 762:143069. [PMID: 33127158 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The combined effect of global warming and insecticide exposure on the spread of mosquito-borne diseases is poorly studied. In our opinion, more resources should be diverted to this topic to further research efforts and deal with this increasing threat. It is particularly important to determine how Aedes, Anopheles, and Culex vector species cope with insecticide exposure under warming temperatures, as well as how both stressors may impact the activity of mosquito biocontrol agents. Herein, we promote a discussion on the topic, fostering a research agenda with insights for the longer-term implementation of mosquito control strategies under the Integrated Vector Management framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Benelli
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
| | - André B B Wilke
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Jeffrey R Bloomquist
- Neurotoxicology Laboratory, Department of Entomology and Nematology, Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Nicolas Desneux
- University Côte d'Azur, INRAE, CNRS, UMR ISA, 06000 Nice, France
| | - John C Beier
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
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20
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de Macêdo SF, Silva KA, de Vasconcelos RB, de Sousa IV, Mesquita LPS, Barakat RDM, Fernandes HMC, Queiroz ACM, Santos GPG, Filho VCB, Carrasquilla G, Caprara A, de Oliveira Lima JW. Scaling up of Eco-Bio-Social Strategy to Control Aedes aegypti in Highly Vulnerable Areas in Fortaleza, Brazil: A Cluster, Non-Randomized Controlled Trial Protocol. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18031278. [PMID: 33572650 PMCID: PMC7908398 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18031278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Revised: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Aedes aegypti is a cosmopolitan vector for arboviruses dengue, Zika and chikungunya, disseminated in all Brazilian states. The Eco-Bio-Social (EBS) strategy is vital in Aedes aegypti control as it mobilizes stakeholders (government, professionals, society, and academics) to promote healthy environments. This paper describes the rationale and methods of expanding the EBS strategy for Aedes aegypti control in Fortaleza, Northeast Brazil. A cluster, non-randomized controlled clinical trial was developed to analyze the strategy’s effectiveness in vulnerable territories (high incidence of dengue and violent deaths; low HDI; substandard urban infrastructure, high population density, and water scarcity). We selected two intervention and two control groups, resulting in a sample of approximately 16,000 properties. The intervention consisted of environmental management by sealing large elevated water tanks, introduction of beta fish in waterholes, elimination of potential breeding sites, and mobilization and training of schoolchildren, endemic disease workers, health workers, social mobilizers, and community leaders; community surveillance of arboviruses; construction and validation of a booklet for the prevention of arboviruses in pregnant women. We analyzed the costs of arboviruses to government and households, the intervention cost-effectiveness, chikungunya’s chronicity, and acceptance, sustainability, and governance of vector control actions. The primary outcome (infestation) was analyzed using the house, container, and Breteau indices. We hope that this study will help us understand how to scale up strategies to fight Aedes aegypti in vulnerable areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suyanne Freire de Macêdo
- Collective Health Postgraduate Program, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60714-903, Brazil; (K.A.S.); (R.B.d.V.); (I.V.d.S.); (L.P.S.M.); (R.D.M.B.); (H.M.C.F.); (A.C.M.Q.); (G.P.G.S.); (V.C.B.F.); (A.C.); (J.W.d.O.L.)
- Nursing Department, Federal University of Piauí, Picos 64607-670, Brazil
- Correspondence:
| | - Kellyanne Abreu Silva
- Collective Health Postgraduate Program, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60714-903, Brazil; (K.A.S.); (R.B.d.V.); (I.V.d.S.); (L.P.S.M.); (R.D.M.B.); (H.M.C.F.); (A.C.M.Q.); (G.P.G.S.); (V.C.B.F.); (A.C.); (J.W.d.O.L.)
| | - Renata Borges de Vasconcelos
- Collective Health Postgraduate Program, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60714-903, Brazil; (K.A.S.); (R.B.d.V.); (I.V.d.S.); (L.P.S.M.); (R.D.M.B.); (H.M.C.F.); (A.C.M.Q.); (G.P.G.S.); (V.C.B.F.); (A.C.); (J.W.d.O.L.)
| | - Izautina Vasconcelos de Sousa
- Collective Health Postgraduate Program, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60714-903, Brazil; (K.A.S.); (R.B.d.V.); (I.V.d.S.); (L.P.S.M.); (R.D.M.B.); (H.M.C.F.); (A.C.M.Q.); (G.P.G.S.); (V.C.B.F.); (A.C.); (J.W.d.O.L.)
| | - Lyvia Patrícia Soares Mesquita
- Collective Health Postgraduate Program, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60714-903, Brazil; (K.A.S.); (R.B.d.V.); (I.V.d.S.); (L.P.S.M.); (R.D.M.B.); (H.M.C.F.); (A.C.M.Q.); (G.P.G.S.); (V.C.B.F.); (A.C.); (J.W.d.O.L.)
| | - Roberta Duarte Maia Barakat
- Collective Health Postgraduate Program, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60714-903, Brazil; (K.A.S.); (R.B.d.V.); (I.V.d.S.); (L.P.S.M.); (R.D.M.B.); (H.M.C.F.); (A.C.M.Q.); (G.P.G.S.); (V.C.B.F.); (A.C.); (J.W.d.O.L.)
| | - Hélida Melo Conrado Fernandes
- Collective Health Postgraduate Program, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60714-903, Brazil; (K.A.S.); (R.B.d.V.); (I.V.d.S.); (L.P.S.M.); (R.D.M.B.); (H.M.C.F.); (A.C.M.Q.); (G.P.G.S.); (V.C.B.F.); (A.C.); (J.W.d.O.L.)
| | - Ana Carolina Melo Queiroz
- Collective Health Postgraduate Program, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60714-903, Brazil; (K.A.S.); (R.B.d.V.); (I.V.d.S.); (L.P.S.M.); (R.D.M.B.); (H.M.C.F.); (A.C.M.Q.); (G.P.G.S.); (V.C.B.F.); (A.C.); (J.W.d.O.L.)
| | - Gerarlene Ponte Guimarães Santos
- Collective Health Postgraduate Program, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60714-903, Brazil; (K.A.S.); (R.B.d.V.); (I.V.d.S.); (L.P.S.M.); (R.D.M.B.); (H.M.C.F.); (A.C.M.Q.); (G.P.G.S.); (V.C.B.F.); (A.C.); (J.W.d.O.L.)
| | - Valter Cordeiro Barbosa Filho
- Collective Health Postgraduate Program, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60714-903, Brazil; (K.A.S.); (R.B.d.V.); (I.V.d.S.); (L.P.S.M.); (R.D.M.B.); (H.M.C.F.); (A.C.M.Q.); (G.P.G.S.); (V.C.B.F.); (A.C.); (J.W.d.O.L.)
- Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Ceará, Aracati Campus, Aracati 62800-000, Brazil
| | | | - Andrea Caprara
- Collective Health Postgraduate Program, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60714-903, Brazil; (K.A.S.); (R.B.d.V.); (I.V.d.S.); (L.P.S.M.); (R.D.M.B.); (H.M.C.F.); (A.C.M.Q.); (G.P.G.S.); (V.C.B.F.); (A.C.); (J.W.d.O.L.)
| | - José Wellington de Oliveira Lima
- Collective Health Postgraduate Program, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60714-903, Brazil; (K.A.S.); (R.B.d.V.); (I.V.d.S.); (L.P.S.M.); (R.D.M.B.); (H.M.C.F.); (A.C.M.Q.); (G.P.G.S.); (V.C.B.F.); (A.C.); (J.W.d.O.L.)
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Knerer G, Currie CSM, Brailsford SC. The economic impact and cost-effectiveness of combined vector-control and dengue vaccination strategies in Thailand: results from a dynamic transmission model. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2020; 14:e0008805. [PMID: 33095791 PMCID: PMC7654761 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2018] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Dengue fever is a major public health problem in tropical/subtropical regions. Prior economic analyses have predominantly evaluated either vaccination or vector-control programmes in isolation and do not really consider the incremental benefits and cost-effectiveness of mixed strategies and combination control. We estimated the cost-effectiveness of single and combined approaches in Thailand. METHODS The impacts of different control interventions were analysed using a previously published mathematical model of dengue epidemiology and control incorporating seasonality, age structure, consecutive infection, cross protection, immune enhancement and combined vector-host transmission. An economic model was applied to simulation results to estimate the cost-effectiveness of 4 interventions and their various combinations (6 strategies): i) routine vaccination of 1-year olds; ii) chemical vector control strategies targeting adult and larval stages separately; iii) environmental management/ public health education and awareness [EM/ PHEA]). Payer and societal perspectives were considered. The health burden of dengue fever was assessed using disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) lost. Costs and effects were assessed for 10 years. Costs were discounted at 3% annually and updated to 2013 United States Dollars. Incremental cost-effectiveness analysis was carried out after strategies were rank-ordered by cost, with results presented in a table of incremental analysis. Sensitivity and scenario analyses were undertaken; and the impact and cost-effectiveness of Wolbachia was evaluated in exploratory scenario analyses. RESULTS From the payer and societal perspectives, 2 combination strategies were considered optimal, as all other control strategies were dominated. Vaccination plus adulticide plus EM/ PHEA was deemed cost-effective according to multiple cost-effectiveness criteria. From the societal perspective, incremental differences vs. adulticide and EM/ PHEA resulted in costs of $157.6 million and DALYs lost of 12,599, giving an expected ICER of $12,508 per DALY averted. Exploratory scenario analyses showed Wolbachia to be highly cost-effective ($343 per DALY averted) vs. other single control measures. CONCLUSIONS Our model shows that individual interventions can be cost-effective, but that important epidemiological reductions and economic impacts are demonstrated when interventions are combined as part of an integrated approach to combating dengue fever. Exploratory scenario analyses demonstrated the potential epidemiological and cost-effective impact of Wolbachia when deployed at scale on a nationwide basis. Our findings were robust in the face of sensitivity analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerhart Knerer
- Mathematical Sciences, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Christine S. M. Currie
- Mathematical Sciences, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Sally C. Brailsford
- Southampton Business School, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, United Kingdom
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Diptyanusa A, Lazuardi L, Jatmiko RH. Implementation of geographical information systems for the study of diseases caused by vector-borne arboviruses in Southeast Asia: A review based on the publication record. GEOSPATIAL HEALTH 2020; 15. [PMID: 32575973 DOI: 10.4081/gh.2020.862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The spread of mosquito-borne diseases in Southeast Asia has dramatically increased in the latest decades. These infections include dengue, chikungunya and Japanese Encephalitis (JE), high-burden viruses sharing overlapping disease manifestation and vector distribution. The use of Geographical Information Systems (GIS) to monitor the dynamics of disease and vector distribution can assist in disease epidemic prediction and public health interventions, particularly in Southeast Asia where sustained high temperatures drive the epidemic spread of these mosquito-borne viruses. Due to lack of accurate data, the spatial and temporal dynamics of these mosquito-borne viral disease transmission countries are poorly understood, which has limited disease control effort. By following studies carried out on these three viruses across the region in a specific time period revealing general patterns of research activities and characteristics, this review finds the need to improve decision-support by disease mapping and management. The results presented, based on a publication search with respect to diseases due to arboviruses, specifically dengue, chikungunya and Japanese encephalitis, should improve opportunities for future studies on the implementation of GIS in the control of mosquito-borne viral diseases in Southeast Asia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajib Diptyanusa
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jalan Farmako, Sekip Utara.
| | - Lutfan Lazuardi
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jalan Farmako, Sekip Utara.
| | - Retnadi Heru Jatmiko
- Centre for Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System (PUSPICS), Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta.
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Sombié I, Degroote S, Somé PA, Ridde V. Analysis of the implementation of a community-based intervention to control dengue fever in Burkina Faso. Implement Sci 2020; 15:32. [PMID: 32408903 PMCID: PMC7222308 DOI: 10.1186/s13012-020-00989-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A community-based dengue fever intervention was implemented in Burkina Faso in 2017. The results achieved vary from one area to another. The objective of this article is to analyze the implementation of this intervention, to better understand the process, and to explain the contextual elements of performance variations in implementation. METHODOLOGY The research was conducted in the former sector 22 of the city of Ouagadougou. We adapted the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) to take into account the realities of the context and the intervention. The data collected from the participants directly involved in the implementation using three techniques: document consultation, individual interview, and focus group. RESULTS Two dimensions of CFIR emerge from the results as having had a positive influence on the implementation: (i) the characteristics of the intervention and (ii) the processes of the intervention implementation. The majority of the CFIR constructions were considered to have had a positive effect on implementation. The quality and strength of the evidence received the highest score. The dimension of the external context had a negative influence on the implementation of the intervention. CONCLUSION The objective of the study was to analyze the influence of contextual elements on the implementation process of a community-based dengue fever intervention. We used the CFIR framework already used by many studies for implementation analysis. Although it was not possible to test this framework in its entirety, it is useful for the analysis of the implementation. Its use is simple and does not require any special skills from users. Usability is indeed an essential criterion for the relevance of using an analytical framework in implementation science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Issa Sombié
- Institut des Sciences des Sociétés /CNRST, 03 BP 7047, Ouagadougou, 03 Burkina Faso
- AGIR/SD (Action, Gouvernance, Intégration et Renforcement en Santé et Développement), 14 BP 254, Ouagadougou, 14 Burkina Faso
| | - Stéphanie Degroote
- Institut de Recherches pour le Développement (IRD), Centre Population et Développement (CEPED), Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, ERL INSERM SAGESUD, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Paul André Somé
- AGIR/SD (Action, Gouvernance, Intégration et Renforcement en Santé et Développement), 14 BP 254, Ouagadougou, 14 Burkina Faso
| | - Valéry Ridde
- Institut de Recherches pour le Développement (IRD), Centre Population et Développement (CEPED), Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, ERL INSERM SAGESUD, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, 75006 Paris, France
- University of Montreal Public Health Research Institute (IRSPUM), Montreal, Canada
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Quintero J, Ronderos Pulido N, Logan J, Ant T, Bruce J, Carrasquilla G. Effectiveness of an intervention for Aedes aegypti control scaled-up under an inter-sectoral approach in a Colombian city hyper-endemic for dengue virus. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0230486. [PMID: 32236142 PMCID: PMC7112230 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0230486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Aedes aegypti transmitted arboviral diseases are of significant importance in Colombia, particularly since the 2014/2015 introduction of chikungunya and Zika in the Americas and the increasing spread of dengue. In response, the Colombian government initiated the scaling-up of a community-based intervention under inter and multi-sector partnerships in two out of four sectors in Girardot, one of the most hyper-endemic dengue cities in the country. Using a quasi-experimental research design a scaled-up community-led Aedes control intervention was assessed for its capacity to reduce dengue from January 2010 to August 2017 in Girardot, Colombia. Reported dengue cases, and associated factors were analysed from available data sets from the Colombian disease surveillance systems. We estimated the reduction in dengue cases before and after the intervention using, Propensity Score Matching and an Autoregressive Moving Average model for robustness. In addition, the differences in dengue incidence among scaling-up phases (pre-implementation vs sustainability) and between treatment groups (intervention and control areas) were modelled. Evidence was found in favour of the intervention, although to maximise impact the scaling-up of the intervention should continue until it covers the remaining sectors. It is expected that a greater impact of the intervention can be documented in the next outbreak of dengue in Girardot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Quintero
- Eje de Salud Poblacional, Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
- Universidad Santo Tomas, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | - James Logan
- Eje de Salud Poblacional, Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
- Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Ant
- Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jane Bruce
- Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
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Newton-Sánchez OA, de la Cruz Ruiz M, Torres-Rojo Y, Ochoa-Diaz-López H, Delgado-Enciso I, Hernandez-Suarez CM, Espinoza-Gomez F. Effect of an ecosystem-centered community participation programme on the incidence of dengue. A field randomized, controlled trial. Int J Public Health 2020; 65:249-255. [PMID: 32185417 DOI: 10.1007/s00038-020-01345-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study is to analyse the effect of a community participation programme based on the ecosystem model on the incidence of dengue in urban communities. METHODS A randomized controlled field trial was conducted in the state of Colima, Mexico. The intervention consisted of a community participation programme focused on the ecosystem; simultaneously, the control groups were communities that only received the usual official prevention programs. The incidence of dengue was estimated in people of both groups due to the appearance of de novo IgM antibodies during the follow-up period. RESULTS The incidence of dengue in the intervened group was 2.58%/month (n = 818) and in control group 2.26%/month (n = 994), with a risk ratio of 1.14 (95% CI 0.89-1.45) and a PAF of 0.06 (95% CI - 0.056 to 0.16). The A. aegypti larval density (Breteau Index) was reduced in the treated group. CONCLUSIONS The implementation of a community participation programme in the cities of Colima, Mexico, showed a slightly counterproductive effect on the incidence of dengue. This happened even with a reduction in the A. aegypti index.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Miriam de la Cruz Ruiz
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Colima, Avenida Universidad 333, 28040, Colima City, Mexico
| | - Yisel Torres-Rojo
- Instituto de Medicina Tropical Pedro Kouri, Avenida Novia del Mediodía, KM 6 1/2, La Lisa, 11400, Havana, Cuba
| | - Hector Ochoa-Diaz-López
- Instituto de la Frontera Sur (ECOSUR), Carretera Panamericana y Periférico Sur S/N Barrio de María Auxiliadora San Cristóbal de Las Casas, 29290, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - Iván Delgado-Enciso
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Colima, Avenida Universidad 333, 28040, Colima City, Mexico
| | | | - Francisco Espinoza-Gomez
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Colima, Avenida Universidad 333, 28040, Colima City, Mexico.
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Zinszer K, Caprara A, Lima A, Degroote S, Zahreddine M, Abreu K, Carabali M, Charland K, Dantas MA, Wellington J, Parra B, Fournet F, Bonnet E, Pérez D, Robert E, Dagenais C, Benmarhnia T, Andersson N, Ridde V. Sustainable, healthy cities: protocol of a mixed methods evaluation of a cluster randomized controlled trial for Aedes control in Brazil using a community mobilization approach. Trials 2020; 21:182. [PMID: 32059693 PMCID: PMC7023806 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-019-3714-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dengue is increasing in its global presence with an estimated 4 billion people at-risk of infection in at least 128 countries. Despite the promising results of EcoHealth and community mobilization approaches to Aedes reduction, more evidence of their efficacy on reducing dengue risk is needed. The principal research question is to determine if interventions based upon community mobilization reduce the risk of dengue virus infection among children 3 to 9 years old compared to usual dengue control practice in Fortaleza, Brazil. Methods The present study will follow a pragmatic cluster randomized controlled trial (cRCT) design with randomization at the census tract level with equal allocation to the two arms. In each arm, there will be 34 clusters of 86 children between 3 to 9 years old for an expected total of 5848 children enrolled in the study, assuming a risk reduction of 29.5% based upon findings from a previous multi-site cRCT. The primary outcomes are rates of anti-dengue Immunoglobulin G (IgG) seroconversion and adult female Aedes density. The intervention is based upon a participatory health research approach, Socializing Evidence for Participatory Action (SEPA), where the research evidence is used to foster community engagement and ownership of the health issue and solution. Following allocation, intervention communities will develop and implement their own solutions that will likely include a wide variety of collective events and media approaches. Data collection activities over a period of 3 years include household visits for blood collection, household surveys, and entomological surveys; and qualitative activities including focus groups, in-depth interviews, and document analysis to evaluate the process, acceptability, fidelity, and sustainability of the intervention. Study participants will be aware of their assignment and all research staff will be blinded although the intervention assignment will likely be revealed to field staff through interaction with participants. Discussion The results of our study will provide evidence on community mobilization as an intervention for dengue control. We anticipate that if community mobilization is effective in Fortaleza, the results of this study will help develop evidence-based vector control programs in Brazil, and also in other countries struggling with Aedes-transmitted diseases. Trial registration ISRCTN66131315, registration date: 1 October 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate Zinszer
- School of Public Health, University of Montreal, Montréal, Québec, Canada. .,Québec Public Health Research Centre, Montréal, Canada. .,Québec Population Health Research Network, Montréal, Canada.
| | - Andrea Caprara
- Québec Population Health Research Network, Montréal, Canada
| | - Antonio Lima
- Fortaleza Municipal Health Secretariat, Fortaleza, Brazil.,University of Fortaleza, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | | | - Monica Zahreddine
- School of Public Health, University of Montreal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | | | | | - Katia Charland
- School of Public Health, University of Montreal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Florence Fournet
- French Institute for Research on Sustainable Development, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuel Bonnet
- French Institute for Research on Sustainable Development, Paris, France
| | - Denis Pérez
- School of Public Health, University of Montreal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Pedro Kourí Tropical Medicine Institute, Havana, Cuba
| | | | - Christian Dagenais
- School of Public Health, University of Montreal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Neil Andersson
- McGill University, Montréal, Canada.,Universidad Autonomy De Guerrero, Acapulco, Mexico
| | - Valéry Ridde
- French Institute for Research on Sustainable Development, Paris, France
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Ouédraogo S, Degroote S, Barro SA, Somé PA, Bonnet E, Ridde V. [Recurrence of dengue epidemics in Burkina Faso: Community preference for an intervention to prevent the disease]. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique 2019; 67:375-382. [PMID: 31645291 DOI: 10.1016/j.respe.2019.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Community-based interventions have proven effective in several Latin American countries in controlling dengue vector Aedes aegypti and reducing the burden of the disease. However, we did not find any study reporting the assessment or implementation of such interventions in Sub-Saharan Africa. This article presents local communities' preferences for activities as part of the implementation of a community-based intervention for dengue prevention in Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso) where dengue epidemics are recurrent during the rainy season. METHODS A mixed-method study combining qualitative and quantitative data collection was conducted. Information from 983 households and their preferences for community-based activities for dengue prevention were collected in five neighborhoods of the city using a quantitative questionnaire. Then, 15 qualitative focus groups were organized in one of the neighborhoods that was randomly selected to receive a community-based intervention for dengue prevention. These groups were made up of 216 people representing the different socio-cultural categories: community leaders, men, women, young girls and boys. RESULTS More than 95% of household respondents to the quantitative questionnaire found community-based interventions acceptable and/or useful: to raise awareness of mosquito-borne disease transmission, to identify and remove the mosquito breeding sites and areas favorable to the development of the adult vectors. Most participants in the focus groups, preferred outreach activities such as video/debate sessions, school and home education sessions, focus groups. They also preferred the implementation of community working groups, responsible for identifying and eliminating mosquito breeding sites in the neighborhood. However, many participants had reservations about sending preventive text messages to residents. They found it feasible but not useful since most people cannot read. CONCLUSION This study shows that it is important to get the local communities involved in the formulation of health prevention activities in sub-Saharan Africa where some interventions are often implemented using strategies from other continents.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ouédraogo
- Institut national de santé publique du Québec, 190, boulevard Crémazie Est, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Département d'épidémiologie, biostatistique et santé au travail, Purvis Hall, Université McGill, 1020, avenue des Pins Ouest, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - S Degroote
- Institut de recherche en santé publique de l'université de Montréal (IRSPUM), 7101, avenue du Parc, Montréal, Canada
| | | | - P-A Somé
- ONG Agir, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - E Bonnet
- ERL Inserm SAGESUD, institut de recherche pour le développement (IRD), CEPED (IRD-Université Paris Descartes), Universités Paris Sorbonne Cités, 45, rue des Saints-Pères, 75006 Paris, France
| | - V Ridde
- ERL Inserm SAGESUD, institut de recherche pour le développement (IRD), CEPED (IRD-Université Paris Descartes), Universités Paris Sorbonne Cités, 45, rue des Saints-Pères, 75006 Paris, France.
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Aik J, Neo ZW, Rajarethinam J, Chio K, Lam WM, Ng LC. The effectiveness of inspections on reported mosquito larval habitats in households: A case-control study. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2019; 13:e0007492. [PMID: 31242192 PMCID: PMC6615626 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dengue is an arboviral disease that imposes substantial health and economic burdens across the globe. Vector control remains a key strategy in settings where Dengvaxia (a dengue vaccine) has not been licenced due to safety concerns and where mass immunization programmes are not cost-effective. Though inspections are used as part of arboviral disease control programmes, evidence of their impact on the entomological activity in households is sparse. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We analysed nationally representative household inspection data collected from Singapore over a 3-year period, to determine the effect of inspections on reported mosquito larval habitats in households. A case was a household with a positive report of a mosquito larval habitat in its most recent inspection in 2017. A control was a household that was reported free of mosquito larvae in its most recent inspection in 2017. Using multivariable logistic regression, we analysed 3,205 cases and 557,044 controls. Households averaging three inspections per annum were associated with reduced odds of mosquito larval habitat reports [Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR): 0.49, 95% Confidence Interval (95% CI): 0.38 to 0.63]. The effect of inspections declined with decreasing inspection frequencies but remained protective at lower levels. Longer intervals (30 to 36 months) between the most recent two successive inspections were associated with increased odds of mosquito larval habitat reports (AOR: 1.28, 95% CI: 1.06 to 1.56) compared to those carried out less than 6 months apart. Mosquito larval habitat reports exhibited a dependence on spatial and household-level characteristics such as the location of the community district, housing type and housing floor level. We observed a four-fold increase in the odds of mosquito larval habitat reports in households with an immediate previous report of larval activity compared to those that did not have one (AOR: 4.52, 95% CI: 3.67 to 5.56). CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE Our study confirms the protective effect of inspections on reported mosquito larval habitat reporting in households. Spatial, temporal and household-level characteristics should be accounted for in prioritizing vector control resources. Alternative strategies may help address recurrent entomological activity in households.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel Aik
- Environmental Health Institute, National Environment Agency, Singapore
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Zhi Wei Neo
- Environmental Public Health Operations Department, National Environment Agency, Singapore
| | | | - Kaiyun Chio
- Environmental Public Health Operations Department, National Environment Agency, Singapore
| | - Wing Mun Lam
- Environmental Public Health Operations Department, National Environment Agency, Singapore
| | - Lee-Ching Ng
- Environmental Health Institute, National Environment Agency, Singapore
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29
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Bardach AE, García-Perdomo HA, Alcaraz A, Tapia López E, Gándara RAR, Ruvinsky S, Ciapponi A. Interventions for the control of Aedes aegypti in Latin America and the Caribbean: systematic review and meta-analysis. Trop Med Int Health 2019; 24:530-552. [PMID: 30771267 DOI: 10.1111/tmi.13217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the effectiveness and degree of implementation of interventions for the control of Aedes aegypti in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) as reported in scientific literature. METHODS We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, SOCINDEX, and LILACS, for experimental and observational studies, economic assessments and qualitative experiences carried out in LAC from 2000 to 2016. We assessed incidence and morbimortality of Aedes aegypti-related diseases and entomological indices: Breteau (containers), House, and Pupae per Person. We used GRADE methodology for assessing quality of evidence. RESULTS Of 1826 records retrieved, 75 were included and 9 cluster randomised clinical trials could be meta-analysed. We did not identify any intervention supported by a high certainty of evidence. In consistency with qualitative evidence, health education and community engagement probably reduces the entomological indices, as do the use of insecticide-treated materials, indoor residual spraying and the management of containers. There is low certainty of evidence supporting the use of ovitraps or larvitraps, and the integrated epidemiological surveillance strategy to improve indices and reduce the incidence of dengue. The reported degree of implementation of these vector control interventions was variable and most did not extend to whole cities and were not sustained beyond 2 years. CONCLUSIONS We found a general lack of evidence on effectiveness of vector control in the region, despite a few interventions that showed moderate to low certainty of evidence. It is important to engage and educate the community, apart from achieving the implementation of integrated actions between the health and other sectors at national and regional level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariel Esteban Bardach
- Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria, Centro de Investigación de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas and Centro Cochrane, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Andrea Alcaraz
- Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria, Centro de Investigación de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Elena Tapia López
- Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria, Centro de Investigación de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ruth Amanda Ruano Gándara
- Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria, Centro de Investigación de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Silvina Ruvinsky
- Hospital de Pediatría "Pedro Garrahan", Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Agustín Ciapponi
- Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria, Centro de Investigación de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas and Centro Cochrane, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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30
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Piltch-Loeb R, Merdjanoff AA, Bhanja A, Abramson DM. Support for vector control strategies in the United States during the Zika outbreak in 2016: The role of risk perception, knowledge, and confidence in government. Prev Med 2019; 119:52-57. [PMID: 30594531 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2018.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Limiting the spread and impact of Zika was a major global priority in 2016, which required a variety of vector control measures. The success of vector control campaigns is varied and often dependent on public or political will. This paper examines the change over time in the United States population's support for vector control and the factors that predicted support for three vector control strategies (i.e., indoor spraying, outdoor spraying, and use of larvacide tablets) during the 2016 Zika outbreak in the United States. Data is from a nationally representative random digit dial sample conducted at three time points in 2016. Bivariate and multivariate regression analyses were used, treating data as a pooled cross-sectional sample. Results show public support for vector control strategies depends on both perceived risk for disease and knowledge of disease characteristics, as well is confidence in government to prevent the threat. Support varied based on vector control method: indoor spraying, aerial spraying, and use of larvacide tables. Results can aide public health officials in implementing effective vector control campaigns depending on the vector control strategy of choice. Results have implications for ways to design effective prevention campaigns in future emerging infectious disease threats.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Aditi Bhanja
- College of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, US
| | - David M Abramson
- College of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, US
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31
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Cardenas JC, Drame PM, Luque-Burgos KA, Berrio JD, Entrena-Mutis E, González MU, Carvajal DJ, Gutiérrez-Silva LY, Cardenas LD, Colpitts TM, Mores CN, Londono-Renteria B. IgG1 and IgG4 antibodies against Aedes aegypti salivary proteins and risk for dengue infections. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0208455. [PMID: 30601814 PMCID: PMC6314615 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0208455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue virus (DENV) is an arbovirus responsible for a significant number of deaths in Latin America. This virus is transmitted through the bite of Aedes aegypti, the main mosquito vector, and Ae. albopictus. During blood uptake, the mosquito injects its saliva into the host to facilitate the feeding process. Mosquito saliva contains potent immunogens capable of inducing antibody production directly related to mosquito bite exposure intensity and disease risk. In this study, we first determined the DENV infection status by two different DENV non-structural protein 1 (NS1) based rapid tests and qRT-PCR, then measured the levels of IgG1 and IgG4 antibodies against salivary proteins of Ae. aegypti female mosquitoes in volunteers living in a dengue endemic area. Our results show that people with a positive DENV diagnosis present higher levels of IgG4 antibodies than people with a negative diagnostic test, and that these antibody levels were higher in people with secondary DENV infections. With this study, we show that detection of IgG4 antibodies against mosquito saliva may be a reliable method to evaluate the risk of dengue infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny C. Cardenas
- Laboratorio Clínico, Hospital Local Los Patios, Norte de Santander, Colombia
- Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, United States of America
| | - Papa M. Drame
- Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, United States of America
| | | | - Juan D. Berrio
- Laboratorio Clínico, Hospital Erasmo Meoz de Cúcuta, Norte de Santander, Colombia
| | - Elsi Entrena-Mutis
- Laboratorio Clínico, Hospital Erasmo Meoz de Cúcuta, Norte de Santander, Colombia
| | - María U. González
- Laboratorio Clínico, Hospital Erasmo Meoz de Cúcuta, Norte de Santander, Colombia
| | - Daisy J. Carvajal
- Grupo Investigaciones en Enfermedades Parasitarias e Infecciosas, Universidad de Pamplona, Pamplona, Norte de Santander, Colombia
| | - Lady Y. Gutiérrez-Silva
- Laboratorio Clinico, E.S.E Hospital Emiro Quintero Cañizares, Ocaña, Norte de Santander, Colombia
| | - Lucio D. Cardenas
- Grupo Investigaciones en Enfermedades Parasitarias e Infecciosas, Universidad de Pamplona, Pamplona, Norte de Santander, Colombia
| | - Tonya M. Colpitts
- National Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratories (NEIDL), Department of Microbiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Christopher N. Mores
- Department of Global Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington DC, United States of America
| | - Berlin Londono-Renteria
- Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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32
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Roiz D, Wilson AL, Scott TW, Fonseca DM, Jourdain F, Müller P, Velayudhan R, Corbel V. Integrated Aedes management for the control of Aedes-borne diseases. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2018; 12:e0006845. [PMID: 30521524 PMCID: PMC6283470 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0006845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diseases caused by Aedes-borne viruses, such as dengue, Zika, chikungunya, and yellow fever, are emerging and reemerging globally. The causes are multifactorial and include global trade, international travel, urbanisation, water storage practices, lack of resources for intervention, and an inadequate evidence base for the public health impact of Aedes control tools. National authorities need comprehensive evidence-based guidance on how and when to implement Aedes control measures tailored to local entomological and epidemiological conditions. METHODS AND FINDINGS This review is one of a series being conducted by the Worldwide Insecticide resistance Network (WIN). It describes a framework for implementing Integrated Aedes Management (IAM) to improve control of diseases caused by Aedes-borne viruses based on available evidence. IAM consists of a portfolio of operational actions and priorities for the control of Aedes-borne viruses that are tailored to different epidemiological and entomological risk scenarios. The framework has 4 activity pillars: (i) integrated vector and disease surveillance, (ii) vector control, (iii) community mobilisation, and (iv) intra- and intersectoral collaboration as well as 4 supporting activities: (i) capacity building, (ii) research, (iii) advocacy, and (iv) policies and laws. CONCLUSIONS IAM supports implementation of the World Health Organisation Global Vector Control Response (WHO GVCR) and provides a comprehensive framework for health authorities to devise and deliver sustainable, effective, integrated, community-based, locally adapted vector control strategies in order to reduce the burden of Aedes-transmitted arboviruses. The success of IAM requires strong commitment and leadership from governments to maintain proactive disease prevention programs and preparedness for rapid responses to outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Roiz
- MIVEGEC, IRD, CNRS, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Anne L Wilson
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, Durham, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas W Scott
- Department of Entomology & Nematology, University of California, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Dina M Fonseca
- Center for Vector Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, United States of America
| | | | - Pie Müller
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Raman Velayudhan
- Department of Control of Neglected Tropical Diseases (HTM/NTD), World Health Organization (WHO), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Vincent Corbel
- MIVEGEC, IRD, CNRS, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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33
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Campeau L, Degroote S, Ridde V, Carabali M, Zinszer K. Containment measures for emerging and re-emerging vector-borne and other infectious diseases of poverty in urban settings: a scoping review. Infect Dis Poverty 2018; 7:95. [PMID: 30173673 PMCID: PMC6120079 DOI: 10.1186/s40249-018-0478-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The emergence and re-emergence of vector-borne and other infectious diseases of poverty pose a threat to the health of populations living in urban and low-income settings. A detailed understanding of intervention strategies, including effectiveness of past outbreak containment, is necessary to improve future practices. The objective was to determine what is known about the effectiveness of containment measures for emerging and re-emerging vector-borne and other infectious diseases of poverty in urban settings and identify research gaps and implications for public health practice. MAIN BODY We conducted a scoping review and systematically searched peer-reviewed and grey literature published between 2000 and 2016. Different data extraction tools were used for data coding and extraction, and data on implementation process and transferability were extracted from all studies. A quality assessment was conducted for each included study. We screened 205 full-text articles and reports for a total of 31 articles included in the review. The quality of the studies was generally low to moderate. The largest body of evidence concerned control activities for Ebola virus and dengue fever. The majority of interventions (87%) relied on multiple types of measures, which were grouped into four categories: 1) healthcare provision; 2) epidemiological investigation and/or surveillance; 3) environmental or sanitary interventions; and 4) community-based interventions. The quality of the majority of studies (90%) was poor or moderate, and one-third of the studies did not provide a clear description of the outcomes and of the procedures and/or tools used for the intervention. CONCLUSIONS Our results highlight the difficulty of establishing causation when assessing the effect of containment measures. Studies that extend beyond solely reporting on effectiveness and take into account the complexity of real-world settings are urgently needed. We recommend the allocation of research efforts to the evaluation of the implementation processes of interventions as well as their comprehensive and systematic description using validated checklists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurence Campeau
- University of Montreal Public Health Research Institute (IRSPUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Stéphanie Degroote
- University of Montreal Public Health Research Institute (IRSPUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
| | - Valery Ridde
- University of Montreal Public Health Research Institute (IRSPUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- French Institute For Research on sustainable Development (IRD), IRD-Paris Descartes University (CEPED), Paris Sorbonne Cités University, Erl Inserm Sagesud, Paris, France
| | | | - Kate Zinszer
- University of Montreal Public Health Research Institute (IRSPUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Akhoundi M, Jourdain F, Chandre F, Delaunay P, Roiz D. Effectiveness of a field trap barrier system for controlling Aedes albopictus: a "removal trapping" strategy. Parasit Vectors 2018; 11:101. [PMID: 29463300 PMCID: PMC5819175 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-018-2691-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus are the main vectors for the transmission of several viral pathogens, in particular, dengue, Zika and chikungunya. In the absence of vaccines and treatment, control of Aedes mosquitoes is the only means of keeping these diseases in check. Aedes control is difficult, and it is, therefore, necessary to evaluate the efficacy of novel control methods, particularly those targeting adult and exophilic Ae. albopictus populations. Methods We carried out the first evaluation of the effectiveness of a field trap barrier system, i.e. a “removal trapping” outdoor control strategy for Ae. albopictus in southern France. Results The removal trapping control strategy is an effective system, able to reduce to almost zero the biting rate of the tiger mosquito in and around houses with traps installed. This strategy has the advantage of being a non-chemical method, which is environmentally friendly and does not affect non-target fauna. Nevertheless, it has several constraints including the cost of the CO2 required for the system to function. However, the system could be optimized by reducing the costs and combining it with other control strategies within the framework of integrated vector management. Conclusions We provide the first evidence of the effectiveness of this trap barrier system, which is based on the combined effect of (i) removing adult mosquitoes living in the area, and (ii) hampering the migration of mosquitoes from outside into the treated area. Further investigation is needed to understand its efficacy for other species, other locations and at-risk communities, and to evaluate its application for reducing the prevalence of dengue, Zika and chikungunya diseases. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13071-018-2691-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Akhoundi
- Service Parasitologie-Mycologie, Hôpital de l'Archet, CHU de Nice, Nice, France. .,MIVEGEC, UMR IRD224-CNRS5290-Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
| | | | - Fabrice Chandre
- MIVEGEC, UMR IRD224-CNRS5290-Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Centre National d'Expertise sur les Vecteurs, Montpellier, France
| | - Pascal Delaunay
- Service Parasitologie-Mycologie, Hôpital de l'Archet, CHU de Nice, Nice, France.,MIVEGEC, UMR IRD224-CNRS5290-Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - David Roiz
- MIVEGEC, UMR IRD224-CNRS5290-Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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35
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Eng MW, Clemons A, Hill C, Engel R, Severson DW, Behura SK. Multifaceted functional implications of an endogenously expressed tRNA fragment in the vector mosquito Aedes aegypti. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2018; 12:e0006186. [PMID: 29364883 PMCID: PMC5783352 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0006186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The mosquito Aedes aegypti is the primary vector of human arboviral diseases caused by dengue, chikungunya and Zika viruses. Many studies have shown the potential roles of small RNA molecules such as microRNA, small interfering RNA and PIWI-interacting RNA in vector mosquitoes. The function of tRNA fragments (tRF), the newly discovered class of small RNAs, in mosquitoes is not known. In this study, we show that specific tRFs are expressed in significantly differential manner between males and females of Ae. aegypti strains. Specific tRFs also show differential response during developmental transition from larvae to adults, as well as after blood feeding of adult females. The expression pattern of tRFs upon blood feeding varied depending upon if the blood contained dengue virus, and also if the females were treated with antibiotic prior to feeding to cleanse of the gut bacteria. Our findings show that a single tRF derived from the precursor sequences of a tRNA-Gly was differentially expressed between males and females, developmental transitions and also upon blood feeding by females of two laboratory strains that vary in midgut susceptibility to dengue virus infection. The multifaceted functional implications of this specific tRF suggest that biogenesis of small regulatory molecules from a tRNA can have wide ranging effects on key aspects of Ae. aegypti vector biology. The mosquito Aedes aegypti is a major vector of arboviral diseases in subtropics and tropics. The confounding effects of immature development and adult microbiome on the ability of Ae. aegypti to transmit diseases (vector competence) have gained renewed attention in the recent years. However, the molecular nature of these links/ effects remains unknown. This is major gap in knowledge regarding how vector competence is regulated at molecular level, and how that regulation may be variable among different strains of this mosquito. In this study, we investigated expression of newly discovered class of small RNAs, called tRNA fragments (tRF) in Ae. aegypti strains. Based on small RNA sequencing and bioinformatics analyses, we show that tRFs are expressed in Ae. aegypti, and they are associated with significant changes in expression between males and females, during development stages, and post blood feeding responses. A single tRF showed association with sex-biased expression, developmental regulation and in response to blood meals between Moyo-S and Moyo-R strains that differ in midgut susceptibility to dengue virus. The findings of this study are expected to guide future research efforts directed toward examining detailed regulatory mechanisms of tRFs in vector competence of Ae. aegypti to disease transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew W. Eng
- Department of Biological Sciences and Eck institute for Global Health, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Anthony Clemons
- Department of Biological Sciences and Eck institute for Global Health, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Casey Hill
- Department of Biological Sciences and Eck institute for Global Health, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Roberta Engel
- Department of Biological Sciences and Eck institute for Global Health, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, United States of America
| | - David W. Severson
- Department of Biological Sciences and Eck institute for Global Health, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Susanta K. Behura
- Department of Biological Sciences and Eck institute for Global Health, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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36
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Colón-González FJ, Peres CA, Steiner São Bernardo C, Hunter PR, Lake IR. After the epidemic: Zika virus projections for Latin America and the Caribbean. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2017; 11:e0006007. [PMID: 29091713 PMCID: PMC5683651 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0006007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Revised: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Zika is one of the most challenging emergent vector-borne diseases, yet its future public health impact remains unclear. Zika was of little public health concern until recent reports of its association with congenital syndromes. By 3 August 2017 ∼217,000 Zika cases and ∼3,400 cases of associated congenital syndrome were reported in Latin America and the Caribbean. Some modelling exercises suggest that Zika virus infection could become endemic in agreement with recent declarations from the The World Health Organisation. Methodology/Principal findings We produced high-resolution spatially-explicit projections of Zika cases, associated congenital syndromes and monetary costs for Latin America and the Caribbean now that the epidemic phase of the disease appears to be over. In contrast to previous studies which have adopted a modelling approach to map Zika potential, we project case numbers using a statistical approach based upon reported dengue case data as a Zika surrogate. Our results indicate that ∼12.3 (0.7–162.3) million Zika cases could be expected across Latin America and the Caribbean every year, leading to ∼64.4 (0.2–5159.3) thousand cases of Guillain-Barré syndrome and ∼4.7 (0.0–116.3) thousand cases of microcephaly. The economic burden of these neurological sequelae are estimated to be USD ∼2.3 (USD 0–159.3) billion per annum. Conclusions/Significance Zika is likely to have significant public health consequences across Latin America and the Caribbean in years to come. Our projections inform regional and federal health authorities, offering an opportunity to adapt to this public health challenge. In February 2016 the World Health Organisation (WHO) declared Zika virus infection in the Americas as a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC). By November 2016, Zika was declared a long-term public health challenge. This change of status implies that Zika is likely to become an endemic problem in the region. Due to the PHEIC status of Zika, most current research has rightly focused on the epidemic stage of the disease; however, it is timely and critical to consider the public health consequences after such epidemic phase. We used one of the largest and most spatially diverse panels of epidemiological surveillance data comprising 12 years of dengue case observations from Brazil and Mexico, and covering an area of over ten million km2. State-of-the-art statistical models, and high-resolution (0.5 × 0.5 degrees) climate and demographic data were used to produce spatially-explicit projections of Zika infection for Latin America and the Caribbean. Model projections were then used to estimate the number of cases with neurological sequelae and their economic cost. Our findings indicate that the potential health and economic burden of Zika could be considerably large for the region should it become endemic. The estimated burden of Zika under an endemic state highlights the need for health authorities in the countries at risk to promote preventive and control measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe J. Colón-González
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Carlos A. Peres
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, United Kingdom
| | | | - Paul R. Hunter
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, United Kingdom
| | - Iain R. Lake
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, United Kingdom
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37
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Malik A, Yasar A, Tabinda AB, Zaheer IE, Malik K, Batool A, Mahfooz Y. Assessing spatio-temporal trend of vector breeding and dengue fever incidence in association with meteorological conditions. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2017; 189:189. [PMID: 28353206 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-017-5902-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Th aim of this study is to investigate spatio-temporal trends of dengue vector breeding and epidemic (disease incidence) influenced by climatic factors. The spatio-temporal (low-, medium-, and high-intensity periods) evaluation of entomological and epidemiological investigations along with climatic factors like rainfall (RF), temperature (Tmax), relative humidity (RH), and larval indexing was conducted to develop correlations in the area of Lahore, Pakistan. The vector abundance and disease transmission trend was geo-tagged for spatial insight. The sufficient rainfall events and optimum temperature and relative humidity supported dengue vector breeding with high larval indices for water-related containers (27-37%). Among temporal analysis, the high-intensity period exponentially projected disease incidence followed by post-rainfall impacts. The high larval incidence that was observed in early high-intensity periods effected the dengue incidence. The disease incidence had a strong association with RF (r = 0.940, α = 0.01). The vector larva occurrence (r = 0.017, α = 0.05) influenced the disease incidence. Similarly, RH (r = 0.674, α = 0.05) and average Tmax (r = 0.307, α = 0.05) also induced impact on the disease incidence. In this study, the vulnerability to dengue fever highly correlates with meteorological factors during high-intensity period. It provides area-specific understanding of vector behavior, key containers, and seasonal patterns of dengue vector breeding and disease transmission which is essential for preparing an effective prevention plan against the vector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afifa Malik
- Sustainable Development Study Center, Government College University, Katchery Road, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan.
| | - Abdullah Yasar
- Sustainable Development Study Center, Government College University, Katchery Road, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Amtul Bari Tabinda
- Sustainable Development Study Center, Government College University, Katchery Road, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Ihsan Elahi Zaheer
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Khalida Malik
- Department of Statistics, Government College University, Katchery Road, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Adeeba Batool
- Sustainable Development Study Center, Government College University, Katchery Road, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Yusra Mahfooz
- Sustainable Development Study Center, Government College University, Katchery Road, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
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