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Cortes-Figueiredo F, Asseyer S, Chien C, Zimmermann HG, Ruprecht K, Schmitz-Hübsch T, Bellmann-Strobl J, Paul F, Morais VA. CD4 + T cell mitochondrial genotype in Multiple Sclerosis: a cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7507. [PMID: 38553515 PMCID: PMC10980703 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57592-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS), with a largely unknown etiology, where mitochondrial dysfunction likely contributes to neuroaxonal loss and brain atrophy. Mirroring the CNS, peripheral immune cells from patients with MS, particularly CD4+ T cells, show inappropriate mitochondrial phenotypes and/or oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos) insufficiency, with a still unknown contribution of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). We hypothesized that mitochondrial genotype in CD4+ T cells might influence MS disease activity and progression. Thus, we performed a retrospective cross-sectional and longitudinal study on patients with a recent diagnosis of either Clinically Isolated Syndrome (CIS) or Relapsing-Remitting MS (RRMS) at two timepoints: 6 months (VIS1) and 36 months (VIS2) after disease onset. Our primary outcomes were the differences in mtDNA extracted from CD4+ T cells between: (I) patients with CIS/RRMS (PwMS) at VIS1 and age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HC), in the cross-sectional analysis, and (II) different diagnostic evolutions in PwMS from VIS1 to VIS2, in the longitudinal analysis. We successfully performed mtDNA whole genome sequencing (mean coverage: 2055.77 reads/base pair) in 183 samples (61 triplets). Nonetheless, mitochondrial genotype was not associated with a diagnosis of CIS/RRMS, nor with longitudinal diagnostic evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipe Cortes-Figueiredo
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a Cooperation Between the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Susanna Asseyer
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a Cooperation Between the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Claudia Chien
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a Cooperation Between the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hanna G Zimmermann
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a Cooperation Between the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Einstein Center Digital Future, Berlin, Germany
| | - Klemens Ruprecht
- Department of Neurology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tanja Schmitz-Hübsch
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a Cooperation Between the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Judith Bellmann-Strobl
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a Cooperation Between the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Friedemann Paul
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a Cooperation Between the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
- NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Vanessa A Morais
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
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Atkinson KC, Osunde M, Tiwari-Woodruff SK. The complexities of investigating mitochondria dynamics in multiple sclerosis and mouse models of MS. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1144896. [PMID: 37559701 PMCID: PMC10409489 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1144896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating, degenerating disorder of the central nervous system (CNS) that is accompanied by mitochondria energy production failure. A loss of myelin paired with a deficit in energy production can contribute to further neurodegeneration and disability in patients in MS. Mitochondria are essential organelles that produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP) via oxidative phosphorylation in all cells in the CNS, including neurons, oligodendrocytes, astrocytes, and immune cells. In the context of demyelinating diseases, mitochondria have been shown to alter their morphology and undergo an initial increase in metabolic demand. This is followed by mitochondrial respiratory chain deficiency and abnormalities in mitochondrial transport that contribute to progressive neurodegeneration and irreversible disability. The current methodologies to study mitochondria are limiting and are capable of providing only a partial snapshot of the true mitochondria activity at a particular timepoint during disease. Mitochondrial functional studies are mostly performed in cell culture or whole brain tissue, which prevents understanding of mitochondrial pathology in distinct cell types in vivo. A true understanding of cell-specific mitochondrial pathophysiology of MS in mouse models is required. Cell-specific mitochondria morphology, mitochondria motility, and ATP production studies in animal models of MS will help us understand the role of mitochondria in the normal and diseased CNS. In this review, we present currently used methods to investigate mitochondria function in MS mouse models and discuss the current advantages and caveats with using each technique. In addition, we present recently developed mitochondria transgenic mouse lines expressing Cre under the control of CNS specific promoters to relate mitochondria to disease in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Seema K. Tiwari-Woodruff
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States
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3
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Al-Kafaji G, Alwehaidah MS, Alsabbagh MM, Alharbi MA, Bakhiet M. Mitochondrial DNA haplogroup analysis in Saudi Arab patients with multiple sclerosis. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0279237. [PMID: 36534684 PMCID: PMC9762579 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0279237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have suggested that mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variants are associated with multiple sclerosis (MS), a complex neurodegenerative immune-mediated disease of the central nervous system. Since mtDNA is maternally inherited without recombination, specific mtDNA variants defining genetic background are associated with the susceptibility to human diseases. To assess the contribution of mtDNA haplogroups to the predisposition of MS in an Arab population, we analysed sequencing data of mitochondrial genomes from 47 native Saudi Arab individuals including 23 patients with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) and 24 healthy controls. All patients and controls could be classified into ten haplogroups. The European-specific haplogroup U was more prevalent in patients than in the controls (26.1% vs. 4.2%), whereas haplogroup T was only present in patients and haplogroups HV and N were only found in controls. Haplogroup U was significantly association with increased risk of MS (odds ratio = 6.26, p<0.05), although the association did not maintain significance after adjustment for multiple comparisons. Haplotype U was more prevalent in patients with younger age of onset (p = 0.006), but there was no relationship between haplotype U and disease severity, disease duration or EDSS and age-matched carriers and non-carriers of haplogroup U (p>0.05). Definition site of haplogroup U include the variant m.12308A>G in MT-TL2 gene which was found to affect highly conserved position within the variable arm of tRNALeu(CUN) and thus may impact mitochondrial protein synthesis, and two other variants namely m.11467A>G in MT-ND4 gene and m.12372G>A in MT-ND5 gene which were previously linked with mitochondrial function. Despite the small number of subjects, which may limit the statistical power of the study, our results showed for the first time a possible contribution of haplogroup U to the predisposition to MS in an Arab population. These findings warrant further validation in a large cohort to distinguish a genuine effect specific to MS from a chance finding due to small sampling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghada Al-Kafaji
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Al-Jawhara Centre for Molecular Medicine, Genetics, and Inherited Disorders, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain
- * E-mail:
| | - Materah Salem Alwehaidah
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Faculty of Allied Health, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Manahel Mahmood Alsabbagh
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Al-Jawhara Centre for Molecular Medicine, Genetics, and Inherited Disorders, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - Maram A. Alharbi
- College of Forensic Sciences, Naif Arab University for Security Sciences, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Moiz Bakhiet
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Al-Jawhara Centre for Molecular Medicine, Genetics, and Inherited Disorders, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain
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4
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Amor H, Hammadeh ME. A Systematic Review of the Impact of Mitochondrial Variations on Male Infertility. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13071182. [PMID: 35885965 PMCID: PMC9325252 DOI: 10.3390/genes13071182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
According to current estimates, infertility affects one in four couples trying to conceive. Primary or secondary infertility can be due either to both partners or only to the man or the woman. Up to 15% of infertility cases in men can be attributed to genetic factors that can lead to irreversible partial or complete spermatogenic arrest. The increased use of assisted reproductive technology (ART) has provided not only insights into the causes of male infertility but also afforded a diagnostic tool to detect and manage this condition among couples. Genes control a variety of physiological attributes, such as the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis, development, and germ cell differentiation. In the era of ART, it is important to understand the genetic basis of infertility so as to provide the most tailored therapy and counseling to couples. Genetic factors involved in male infertility can be chromosome abnormalities or single-gene disorders, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations, Y-chromosome deletions, multifactorial disorders, imprinting disorders, or endocrine disorders of genetic origin. In this review, we discuss the role of mitochondria and the mitochondrial genome as an indicator of sperm quality and fertility.
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Al-Kafaji G, Alharbi MA, Alkandari H, Salem AH, Bakhiet M. Analysis of the entire mitochondrial genome reveals Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy mitochondrial DNA mutations in an Arab cohort with multiple sclerosis. Sci Rep 2022; 12:11099. [PMID: 35773337 PMCID: PMC9246974 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-15385-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Several mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations of Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) have been reported in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) from different ethnicities. To further study the involvement of LHON mtDNA mutations in MS in the Arab population, we analyzed sequencing data of the entire mitochondrial genome from 47 unrelated Saudi individuals, 23 patients with relapse-remitting MS (RRMS) and 24 healthy controls. Ten LHON mutations/variants were detected in the patients but were absent in the controls. Of them, the common primary pathogenic mutation m.14484T>C and the rare mutation m.10237T>C were found in one patient, whereas the rare mutation m.9101T>C was found in another patient. The remaining were secondary single nucleotide variants (SNVs) found either in synergy with the primary/rare mutations or individually in other patients. Patients carrying LHON variants also exhibited distinct mtDNA variants throughout the mitochondrial genome, eight were previously reported in patients with LHON. Moreover, five other LHON-related SNVs differed significantly in their prevalence among patients and controls (P < 0.05). This study, the first to investigate LHON mtDNA mutations/variants in a Saudi cohort may suggest a role of these mutations/variants in the pathogenesis or genetic predisposition to MS, a possibility which needs to be explored further in a large-scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghada Al-Kafaji
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Al-Jawhara Centre for Molecular Medicine, Genetics, and Inherited Disorders, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain. .,Department of molecular Medicine and Al-Jawhara Centre for Molecular Medicine, Genetics and Inherited Disorders, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Salmaniya Avenue, Building 293, Road 2904, Block 329, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain.
| | - Maram A Alharbi
- College of Forensic Sciences, Naif Arab University for Security Sciences, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Hasan Alkandari
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Al-Jawhara Centre for Molecular Medicine, Genetics, and Inherited Disorders, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - Abdel Halim Salem
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - Moiz Bakhiet
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Al-Jawhara Centre for Molecular Medicine, Genetics, and Inherited Disorders, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain
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6
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Al-Kafaji G, Bakheit HF, AlAli F, Fattah M, Alhajeri S, Alharbi MA, Daif A, Alsabbagh MM, Alwehaidah MS, Bakhiet M. Next-generation sequencing of the whole mitochondrial genome identifies functionally deleterious mutations in patients with multiple sclerosis. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0263606. [PMID: 35130313 PMCID: PMC8820615 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0263606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated disease of the central nervous system with genetics and environmental determinants. Studies focused on the neurogenetics of MS showed that mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations that can ultimately lead to mitochondrial dysfunction, alter brain energy metabolism and cause neurodegeneration. We analyzed the whole mitochondrial genome using next-generation sequencing (NGS) from 47 Saudi individuals, 23 patients with relapsing-remitting MS and 24 healthy controls to identify mtDNA disease-related mutations/variants. A large number of variants were detected in the D-loop and coding genes of mtDNA. While distinct unique variants were only present in patients or only occur in controls, a number of common variants were shared among the two groups. The prevalence of some common variants differed significantly between patients and controls, thus could be implicated in susceptibility to MS. Of the unique variants only present in the patients, 34 were missense mutations, located in different mtDNA-encoded genes. Seven of these mutations were not previously reported in MS, and predicted to be deleterious with considerable impacts on the functions and structures of encoded-proteins and may play a role in the pathogenesis of MS. These include two heteroplasmic mutations namely 10237T>C in MT-ND3 gene and 15884G>C in MT-CYB gene; and three homoplasmic mutations namely 9288A>G in MT-CO3 gene, 14484T>C in MT-ND6 gene, 15431G>A in MT-CYB gene, 8490T>C in MT-ATP8 gene and 5437C>T in MT-ND2 gene. Notably some patients harboured multiple mutations while other patients carried the same mutations. This study is the first to sequence the entire mitochondrial genome in MS patients in an Arab population. Our results expanded the mutational spectrum of mtDNA variants in MS and highlighted the efficiency of NGS in population-specific mtDNA variant discovery. Further investigations in a larger cohort are warranted to confirm the role of mtDNA MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghada Al-Kafaji
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Al-Jawhara Centre for Molecular Medicine, Genetics, and Inherited Disorders, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain
- * E-mail:
| | - Halla F. Bakheit
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Al-Jawhara Centre for Molecular Medicine, Genetics, and Inherited Disorders, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - Faisal AlAli
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Al-Jawhara Centre for Molecular Medicine, Genetics, and Inherited Disorders, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - Mina Fattah
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Al-Jawhara Centre for Molecular Medicine, Genetics, and Inherited Disorders, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | | | - Maram A. Alharbi
- College of Forensic Sciences, Naif Arab University for Security Sciences, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulqader Daif
- King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Manahel Mahmood Alsabbagh
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Al-Jawhara Centre for Molecular Medicine, Genetics, and Inherited Disorders, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - Materah Salem Alwehaidah
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Faculty of Allied Health, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, State of Kuwait
| | - Moiz Bakhiet
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Al-Jawhara Centre for Molecular Medicine, Genetics, and Inherited Disorders, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain
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7
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González LF, Bevilacqua LE, Naves R. Nanotechnology-Based Drug Delivery Strategies to Repair the Mitochondrial Function in Neuroinflammatory and Neurodegenerative Diseases. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:2055. [PMID: 34959337 PMCID: PMC8707316 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13122055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are vital organelles in eukaryotic cells that control diverse physiological processes related to energy production, calcium homeostasis, the generation of reactive oxygen species, and cell death. Several studies have demonstrated that structural and functional mitochondrial disturbances are involved in the development of different neuroinflammatory (NI) and neurodegenerative (ND) diseases (NI&NDDs) such as multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Remarkably, counteracting mitochondrial impairment by genetic or pharmacologic treatment ameliorates neurodegeneration and clinical disability in animal models of these diseases. Therefore, the development of nanosystems enabling the sustained and selective delivery of mitochondria-targeted drugs is a novel and effective strategy to tackle NI&NDDs. In this review, we outline the impact of mitochondrial dysfunction associated with unbalanced mitochondrial dynamics, altered mitophagy, oxidative stress, energy deficit, and proteinopathies in NI&NDDs. In addition, we review different strategies for selective mitochondria-specific ligand targeting and discuss novel nanomaterials, nanozymes, and drug-loaded nanosystems developed to repair mitochondrial function and their therapeutic benefits protecting against oxidative stress, restoring cell energy production, preventing cell death, inhibiting protein aggregates, and improving motor and cognitive disability in cellular and animal models of different NI&NDDs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rodrigo Naves
- Immunology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Av. Independencia 1027, Santiago 8380453, Chile; (L.F.G.); (L.E.B.)
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8
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Pashaei S, Mohammadi P, Yarani R, Haghgoo SM, Emami Aleagha MS. Carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in multiple sclerosis: Clinical implications for etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy. Arch Biochem Biophys 2021; 712:109030. [PMID: 34517010 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2021.109030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complicated autoimmune disease characterized by inflammatory and demyelinating events in the central nervous system. The exact etiology and pathogenesis of MS have not been elucidated. However, a set of metabolic changes and their effects on immune cells and neural functions have been explained. This review highlights the contribution of carbohydrates and lipids metabolism to the etiology and pathogenesis of MS. Then, we have proposed a hypothetical relationship between such metabolic changes and the immune system in patients with MS. Finally, the potential clinical implications of these metabolic changes in diagnosis, prognosis, and discovering therapeutic targets have been discussed. It is concluded that research on the pathophysiological alterations of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism may be a potential strategy for paving the way toward MS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somayeh Pashaei
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Pantea Mohammadi
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Reza Yarani
- Translational Type 1 Diabetes Biology, Department of Clinical Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Interventional Regenerative Medicine and Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Seyyed Mortaza Haghgoo
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Sajad Emami Aleagha
- Medical Technology Research Center (MTRC), School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
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9
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Gupta R, Karczewski KJ, Howrigan D, Neale BM, Mootha VK. Human genetic analyses of organelles highlight the nucleus in age-related trait heritability. eLife 2021; 10:68610. [PMID: 34467851 PMCID: PMC8476128 DOI: 10.7554/elife.68610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Most age-related human diseases are accompanied by a decline in cellular organelle integrity, including impaired lysosomal proteostasis and defective mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. An open question, however, is the degree to which inherited variation in or near genes encoding each organelle contributes to age-related disease pathogenesis. Here, we evaluate if genetic loci encoding organelle proteomes confer greater-than-expected age-related disease risk. As mitochondrial dysfunction is a 'hallmark' of aging, we begin by assessing nuclear and mitochondrial DNA loci near genes encoding the mitochondrial proteome and surprisingly observe a lack of enrichment across 24 age-related traits. Within nine other organelles, we find no enrichment with one exception: the nucleus, where enrichment emanates from nuclear transcription factors. In agreement, we find that genes encoding several organelles tend to be 'haplosufficient,' while we observe strong purifying selection against heterozygous protein-truncating variants impacting the nucleus. Our work identifies common variation near transcription factors as having outsize influence on age-related trait risk, motivating future efforts to determine if and how this inherited variation then contributes to observed age-related organelle deterioration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Gupta
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, United States.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, United States.,Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, United States
| | - Konrad J Karczewski
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, United States.,Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, United States
| | - Daniel Howrigan
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, United States.,Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, United States
| | - Benjamin M Neale
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, United States.,Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, United States
| | - Vamsi K Mootha
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, United States.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, United States
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10
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Chávez MD, Tse HM. Targeting Mitochondrial-Derived Reactive Oxygen Species in T Cell-Mediated Autoimmune Diseases. Front Immunol 2021; 12:703972. [PMID: 34276700 PMCID: PMC8281042 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.703972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction resulting in oxidative stress could be associated with tissue and cell damage common in many T cell-mediated autoimmune diseases. Autoreactive CD4 T cell effector subsets (Th1,Th17) driving these diseases require increased glycolytic metabolism to upregulate key transcription factors (TF) like T-bet and RORγt that drive differentiation and proinflammatory responses. However, research in immunometabolism has demonstrated that mitochondrial-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS) act as signaling molecules contributing to T cell fate and function. Eliminating autoreactive T cells by targeting glycolysis or ROS production is a potential strategy to inhibit autoreactive T cell activation without compromising systemic immune function. Additionally, increasing self-tolerance by promoting functional immunosuppressive CD4 T regulatory (Treg) cells is another alternative therapeutic for autoimmune disease. Tregs require increased ROS and oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos) for Foxp3 TF expression, differentiation, and anti-inflammatory IL-10 cytokine synthesis. Decreasing glycolytic activity or increasing glutathione and superoxide dismutase antioxidant activity can also be beneficial in inhibiting cytotoxic CD8 T cell effector responses. Current treatment options for T cell-mediated autoimmune diseases such as Type 1 diabetes (T1D), multiple sclerosis (MS), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) include global immunosuppression, antibodies to deplete immune cells, and anti-cytokine therapy. While effective in diminishing autoreactive T cells, they can also compromise other immune responses resulting in increased susceptibility to other diseases and complications. The impact of mitochondrial-derived ROS and immunometabolism reprogramming in autoreactive T cell differentiation could be a potential target for T cell-mediated autoimmune diseases. Exploiting these pathways may delay autoimmune responses in T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hubert M. Tse
- Department of Microbiology, Comprehensive Diabetes Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
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11
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Friedrich VK, Rubel MA, Schurr TG. Mitochondrial genetic variation in human bioenergetics, adaptation, and adult disease. Am J Hum Biol 2021; 34:e23629. [PMID: 34146380 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Mitochondria are critical for the survival of eukaryotic organisms due to their ability to produce cellular energy, which drives virtually all aspects of host biology. However, the effects of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variation in relation to disease etiology and adaptation within contemporary global human populations remains incompletely understood. METHODS To develop a more holistic understanding of the role of mtDNA diversity in human adaptation, health, and disease, we investigated mitochondrial biology and bioenergetics. More specifically, we synthesized details from studies of mitochondrial function and variation in the context of haplogroup background, climatic adaptation, and oxidative disease. RESULTS The majority of studies show that mtDNA variation arose during modern human dispersal around the world. Some of these variants appear to have been positively selected for their adaptiveness in colder climates, with these sequence changes having implications for tissue-specific function and thermogenic capacity. In addition, many variants modulating energy production are also associated with damaging metabolic byproducts and mitochondrial dysfunction, which, in turn, are implicated in the onset and severity of several different adult mitochondrial diseases. Thus, mtDNA variation that governs bioenergetics, metabolism, and thermoregulation may potentially have adverse consequences for human health, depending on the genetic background and context in which it occurs. CONCLUSIONS Our review suggests that the mitochondrial research field would benefit from independently replicating mtDNA haplogroup-phenotype associations across global populations, incorporating potentially confounding environmental, demographic, and disease covariates into studies of mtDNA variation, and extending association-based studies to include analyses of complete mitogenomes and assays of mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volney K Friedrich
- Department of Anthropology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Meagan A Rubel
- Department of Anthropology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Center for Translational Imaging and Precision Medicine, University of California - San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Theodore G Schurr
- Department of Anthropology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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12
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Pienaar IS, Mohammed R, Courtley R, Gledson MR, Reynolds R, Nicholas R, Elson JL. Investigation of the correlation between mildly deleterious mtDNA Variations and the clinical progression of multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2021; 53:103055. [PMID: 34119746 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2021.103055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence suggests that mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variation at a population level may influence susceptibility to, or the clinical progression of Multiple Sclerosis (MS). OBJECTIVE To determine if mtDNA population variation is linked to the clinical progress of MS. METHODS Using the complete mtDNA sequences of 217 MS patients, we applied the new 'variant load' model, designed as a framework by which to examine the role of mtDNA variation in the context of complex clinical disease. RESULTS No significant association was detected between mtDNA 'variant load'and the clinical measures of progression. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that mtDNA population variation does not play a substantial role in the clinical progression of MS; however, modest effects and/or effects in a subgroup of patients cannot be entirely excluded. Results do not exclude the possibility of detecting an association between variation and more strictly quantified variables obtained from histopathologically-stained specimens. The results further illustrate the method's applicabilityto other disease phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilse S Pienaar
- School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, United Kingdom
| | - Rean Mohammed
- Department of Brain Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca Courtley
- Northern Genetics Service, Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Michael R Gledson
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Richard Reynolds
- Department of Brain Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; Centre for Molecular Neuropathology, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Richard Nicholas
- Department of Brain Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Joanna L Elson
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom; Centre for Human Metabolomics, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa.
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13
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Al Smadi MA, Hammadeh ME, Solomayer E, Batiha O, Altalib MM, Jahmani MY, Shboul MA, Nusair B, Amor H. Impact of Mitochondrial Genetic Variants in ND1, ND2, ND5, and ND6 Genes on Sperm Motility and Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) Outcomes. Reprod Sci 2021; 28:1540-1555. [PMID: 33475980 PMCID: PMC8076152 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-020-00449-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Sperm mitochondrial dysfunction causes the generation of an insufficient amount of energy needed for sperm motility. This will affect sperm fertilization capacity, and thus, most asthenozoospermic men usually require assisted reproductive techniques. The etiology of asthenozoospermia remains largely unknown. The current study aimed to investigate the effect of mitochondrial genetic variants on sperm motility and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) outcomes. A total of 150 couples from the ICSI cycle were enrolled in this study. One hundred five of the male partners were asthenozoospermic patients, and they were subdivided into three groups according to their percentage of sperm motility, while forty-five of the male partners were normozoospermic. Genetic variants were screened using direct Sanger's sequencing in four mitochondrial genes (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide hydrogen (NADH) dehydrogenase 1 (ND1), NADH dehydrogenase 2 (ND2), NADH dehydrogenase 5 (ND5), and NADH dehydrogenase 6 (ND6)). We identified three significant variants: 13708G>A (rs28359178) in ND5, 4216T>C (rs1599988) in ND1, and a novel 12506T>A in ND5 with P values 0.006, 0.036, and 0.013, respectively. The medians of sperm motility, fertilization rate, embryo cleavage score, and embryo quality score were significantly different between men showing 4216T>C, 12506T>A, 13708G>A and wild type, Mann-Whitney P values for the differences in the medians were < 0.05 in all of them. The results from this study suggest that 13708G>A, 12506T>A, and 4216 T>C variants in sperm mitochondrial DNA negatively affect sperm motility and ICSI outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad A Al Smadi
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Reproductive Medicine Unit, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany.
| | - Mohamad Eid Hammadeh
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Reproductive Medicine Unit, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Erich Solomayer
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Reproductive Medicine Unit, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Osamah Batiha
- Department of Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | | | - Mohammad Y Jahmani
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Reproductive Medicine Unit, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Mohammad A Shboul
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Bassam Nusair
- Reproductive Endocrinology and IVF Unit, King Hussein Medical Centre, Amman, Jordan
| | - Houda Amor
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Reproductive Medicine Unit, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
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14
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Gonzalez S. The Role of Mitonuclear Incompatibility in Bipolar Disorder Susceptibility and Resilience Against Environmental Stressors. Front Genet 2021; 12:636294. [PMID: 33815470 PMCID: PMC8010675 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.636294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been postulated that mitochondrial dysfunction has a significant role in the underlying pathophysiology of bipolar disorder (BD). Mitochondrial functioning plays an important role in regulating synaptic transmission, brain function, and cognition. Neuronal activity is energy dependent and neurons are particularly sensitive to changes in bioenergetic fluctuations, suggesting that mitochondria regulate fundamental aspects of brain function. Vigorous evidence supports the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in the etiology of BD, including dysregulated oxidative phosphorylation, general decrease of energy, altered brain bioenergetics, co-morbidity with mitochondrial disorders, and association with genetic variants in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) or nuclear-encoded mitochondrial genes. Despite these advances, the underlying etiology of mitochondrial dysfunction in BD is unclear. A plausible evolutionary explanation is that mitochondrial-nuclear (mitonuclear) incompatibility leads to a desynchronization of machinery required for efficient electron transport and cellular energy production. Approximately 1,200 genes, encoded from both nuclear and mitochondrial genomes, are essential for mitochondrial function. Studies suggest that mitochondrial and nuclear genomes co-evolve, and the coordinated expression of these interacting gene products are essential for optimal organism function. Incompatibilities between mtDNA and nuclear-encoded mitochondrial genes results in inefficiency in electron flow down the respiratory chain, differential oxidative phosphorylation efficiency, increased release of free radicals, altered intracellular Ca2+ signaling, and reduction of catalytic sites and ATP production. This review explores the role of mitonuclear incompatibility in BD susceptibility and resilience against environmental stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne Gonzalez
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
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15
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Mitonuclear interactions influence multiple sclerosis risk. Gene 2020; 758:144962. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.144962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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16
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Boyko AN, Melnikov MV, Kozin MS, Kulakova OG. [The role of mitochondria in pathological mechanisms of innate immunity in multiple]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2020; 120:32-37. [PMID: 32844627 DOI: 10.17116/jnevro202012007232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The review discusses the role of mitochondria in multiple sclerosis (MS). Previously, damage to the mitochondria was regarded as a manifestation of secondary damage to axons and neurons, i.e. as a marker of neurodenegation. Recently, the role of mitochondria in the early stages of MS development, when they could participate in the activation of innate immunity and trigger activation of autoimmune responses of acquired immunity, has been increasingly discussed. The role of polymorphism mitochondrial DNA changes in MS is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A N Boyko
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia.,Federal Center of Brain Research and Neurotechnologies of FMBA, Moscow, Russia
| | - M V Melnikov
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia.,Federal Center of Brain Research and Neurotechnologies of FMBA, Moscow, Russia.,Institute of Immunology of FMBA, Moscow, Russia
| | - M S Kozin
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia.,Federal Center of Brain Research and Neurotechnologies of FMBA, Moscow, Russia.,National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - O G Kulakova
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia.,National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow, Russia
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17
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Tobore TO. Oxidative/Nitroxidative Stress and Multiple Sclerosis. J Mol Neurosci 2020; 71:506-514. [PMID: 32767188 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-020-01672-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a multifactorial, central nervous system, immune-mediated disease characterized by inflammation, demyelination, and neurodegeneration. Evidence suggests a steady rise in MS prevalence over the past five decades in the United States and around the world. Even with increased understanding of immunology, the specific etiological trigger of MS remains unknown. Evidence suggests that oxidative/nitroxidative stress is an important contributor to MS etiology, progression, and clinical symptoms. A multifaceted treatment approach aimed at counteracting oxidative/nitroxidative stress including MS disease-modifying medications, Mediterranean style diet, stress-relieving activities, smoking and alcohol cessation, exercise, and peer support programs is the best way to treat the disease.
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18
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Kozin MS, Kiselev IS, Boyko AN, Kulakova OG, Favorova OO. The combined effect of nuclear and mitochondrial genomes on the risk of developing multiple sclerosis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.14412/2074-2711-2020-1s-15-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a severe chronic CNS disease characterized by autoimmune inflammation, demyelination, and neurodegeneration. The interaction of mitochondrial and nuclear genomes is shown to be important in the formation of a predisposition to many diseases.Objective: to analyze the association of MS with the carriage of biallelic combinations, including as components the polymorphisms of three genes of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and those of 16 nuclear genes, the products of which are involved in the functioning of the immune system and may participate in the development of autoimmune inflammation in MS; and, if these combinations are identified, to determine the nature of an interaction between their components. Patients and methods. The investigation enrolled 540 MS patients and 406 control group individuals; all were Russians. The mitochondrial genome was genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. APSampler software was used for multilocus association analysis. Results and discussion. The investigators identified five biallelic combinations that were associated with MS (p=0.0036–0.022) and possessed protective properties (odds ratio (OR) 0.67–0.75). The mitochondrial component of the identified combinations was the polymorphisms m.4580 (rs28357975), m.13368 (rs3899498), and m.13708 (rs28359178) mtDNA; the nuclear component was CXCR5 (rs523604), TNFRSF1A (rs1800693), and CD86 (rs2255214) gene polymorphisms. The interaction between the components of the identified combinations was additive. Conclusion. The data obtained in the Russian population suggest that the combined contribution of the mitochondrial and nuclear genomes may affect the risk of developing MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. S. Kozin
- N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia;
Federal Center for the Brain and Neurotechnologies, Federal Biomedical Agency of Russia;
National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Ministry of Health of Russia
| | - I. S. Kiselev
- N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia;
National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Ministry of Health of Russia
| | - A. N. Boyko
- N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia;
Federal Center for the Brain and Neurotechnologies, Federal Biomedical Agency of Russia
| | - O. G. Kulakova
- N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia;
National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Ministry of Health of Russia
| | - O. O. Favorova
- N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia;
National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Ministry of Health of Russia
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19
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Ding D, Valdivia AO, Bhattacharya SK. Nuclear prelamin a recognition factor and iron dysregulation in multiple sclerosis. Metab Brain Dis 2020; 35:275-282. [PMID: 31823109 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-019-00515-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Dysregulation of iron metabolism and aberrant iron deposition has been associated with multiple sclerosis. However, the factors that contribute to this pathological state remain to be understood. In this study, human multiple sclerosis and mice brain samples were analyzed through mass spectrometry as well as histological and immunoblot techniques, which demonstrated that iron deposition is associated with increased levels of nuclear prelamin A recognition factor (NARF). NARF is a protein associated with the mitochondria which has also been linked to mitochondrial defects in multiple sclerosis. We report NARF to be associated in multiple sclerosis pathology and aberrant iron deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Ding
- Department of Ophthalmology & Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, 1638 NW 10th Avenue, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Anddre Osmar Valdivia
- Department of Ophthalmology & Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, 1638 NW 10th Avenue, Miami, Florida, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Sanjoy K Bhattacharya
- Department of Ophthalmology & Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, 1638 NW 10th Avenue, Miami, Florida, USA.
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA.
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20
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Alharbi MA, Al-Kafaji G, Khalaf NB, Messaoudi SA, Taha S, Daif A, Bakhiet M. Four novel mutations in the mitochondrial ND4 gene of complex I in patients with multiple sclerosis. Biomed Rep 2019; 11:257-268. [PMID: 31798871 PMCID: PMC6873451 DOI: 10.3892/br.2019.1250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated neurological, inflammatory disease of the central nervous system. Recent studies have suggested that genetic variants in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)-encoded complexes of respiratory chain, particularly, complex I (NADH dehydrogenase), contribute to the pathogenicity of MS among different ethnicities, and targeting mitochondrial function may represent a novel approach for MS therapy. In this study, we sequenced ND genes (ND1, ND2, ND3, ND4, ND4L, ND5 and ND6) encoding subunits of complex I in 124 subjects, 60 patients with relapsing-remitting MS and 64 healthy individuals, in order to identify potential novel mutations in these patients. We found several variants in ND genes in both the patients and controls, and specific variants only in patients with MS. While the majority of these variants were synonymous, 4 variants in the ND4 gene were identified as missense mutations in patients with MS. Of these, m.11150G>A was observed in one patient, whereas m.11519A>C, m.11523A>C and m.11527C>T were observed in another patient. Functional analysis predicted the mutations, m.11519A>C, m.11523A>C and m.11150G>A, as deleterious with a direct impact on ND4 protein stability and complex I function, whereas m.11527C>T mutation had no effect on ND4 protein stability. However, the 3 mutations, m.11519A>C, m.11523A>C and m.11527C>T, which were observed in the same patient, were predicted to cause a cumulative destabilizing effect on ND4 protein, and could thus disrupt complex I function. On the whole, this study identified 4 novel mutations in the mtDNA-encoded ND4 gene in patients with MS, which could lead to complex I dysfunction, and further confirmed the implication of mtDNA mutations in the pathogenicity of MS. The identified novel mutations in patients with MS may be ethnic-related and may prove to be significant in personalized treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maram Atallah Alharbi
- College of Forensic Sciences, Naif Arab University for Security Sciences, Riyadh 14812, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghada Al-Kafaji
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Al-Jawhara Centre for Genetics and Inherited Disorders, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Block 329, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - Noureddine Ben Khalaf
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Graduate Studies, Arabian Gulf University, Block 329, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - Safia Abdulsalam Messaoudi
- College of Forensic Sciences, Naif Arab University for Security Sciences, Riyadh 14812, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Safa Taha
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Al-Jawhara Centre for Genetics and Inherited Disorders, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Block 329, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - Abdulqader Daif
- King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh 12372, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Moiz Bakhiet
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Al-Jawhara Centre for Genetics and Inherited Disorders, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Block 329, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain
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21
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Klucnika A, Ma H. Mapping and editing animal mitochondrial genomes: can we overcome the challenges? Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2019; 375:20190187. [PMID: 31787046 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2019.0187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The animal mitochondrial genome, although small, can have a big impact on health and disease. Non-pathogenic sequence variation among mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplotypes influences traits including fertility, healthspan and lifespan, whereas pathogenic mutations are linked to incurable mitochondrial diseases and other complex conditions like ageing, diabetes, cancer and neurodegeneration. However, we know very little about how mtDNA genetic variation contributes to phenotypic differences. Infrequent recombination, the multicopy nature and nucleic acid-impenetrable membranes present significant challenges that hamper our ability to precisely map mtDNA variants responsible for traits, and to genetically modify mtDNA so that we can isolate specific mutants and characterize their biochemical and physiological consequences. Here, we summarize the past struggles and efforts in developing systems to map and edit mtDNA. We also assess the future of performing forward and reverse genetic studies on animal mitochondrial genomes. This article is part of the theme issue 'Linking the mitochondrial genotype to phenotype: a complex endeavour'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Klucnika
- Wellcome Trust/Cancer Research UK Gurdon Institute, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QN, UK.,Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EH, UK
| | - Hansong Ma
- Wellcome Trust/Cancer Research UK Gurdon Institute, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QN, UK.,Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EH, UK
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22
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Tobore TO. Towards a comprehensive etiopathogenetic and pathophysiological theory of multiple sclerosis. Int J Neurosci 2019; 130:279-300. [PMID: 31588832 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2019.1677648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurodegenerative disease caused by dysfunction of the immune system that affects the central nervous system (CNS). It is characterized by demyelination, chronic inflammation, neuronal and oligodendrocyte loss and reactive astrogliosis. It can result in physical disability and acute neurological and cognitive problems. Despite the gains in knowledge of immunology, cell biology, and genetics in the last five decades, the ultimate etiology or specific elements that trigger MS remain unknown. The objective of this review is to propose a theoretical basis for MS etiopathogenesis.Methods: Search was done by accessing PubMed/Medline, EBSCO, and PsycINFO databases. The search string used was "(multiple sclerosis* OR EAE) AND (pathophysiology* OR etiopathogenesis)". The electronic databases were searched for titles or abstracts containing these terms in all published articles between January 1, 1960, and June 30, 2019. The search was filtered down to 362 articles which were included in this review.Results: A framework to better understand the etiopathogenesis and pathophysiology of MS can be derived from four essential factors; mitochondria dysfunction (MtD) & oxidative stress (OS), vitamin D (VD), sex hormones and thyroid hormones. These factors play a direct role in MS etiopathogenesis and have a modulatory effect on many other factors involved in the disease.Conclusions: For better MS prevention and treatment outcomes, efforts should be geared towards treating thyroid problems, sex hormone alterations, VD deficiency, sleep problems and melatonin alterations. MS patients should be encouraged to engage in activities that boost total antioxidant capacity (TAC) including diet and regular exercise and discouraged from activities that promote OS including smoking and alcohol consumption.
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23
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Boyko AN, Kozin MS, Osmak GZ, Kulakova OG, Favorova OO. Mitochondrial genome and risk of multiple sclerosis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.14412/2074-2711-2019-3-43-46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) polymorphism makes a certain contribution to the formation of a genetic risk of multiple sclerosis (MS).Objective: to analyze the frequency of mtDNA variants in patients with MS and control individuals in the Russian population. A similar study was conducted for the first time.Patients and methods. The polymorphism of mtDNA was studied in the Russian population: in 283 unrelated patients with relapsing-remitting MS and in 290 unrelated healthy controls matched for gender and age.Results and discussion. The frequency of haplogroup J in the patients with MS was twice higher than that in the control group (p=0.0055) (odds ratio (OR) 2.00; 95% confidence interval (CI). 1.21–3.41). This association was mostly observed in women (p=0.0083) (OR 2.20; 95% CI, 1.19–4.03). There was also a significant association of the A allele of MT-ND5 (m. 13708G>A) with MS (p=0.03) (OR 1.89; 95% CI 1.11–3.32). Sex stratification showed that the association with MS was significant only in women (p=0.009; OR, 2.52; 95% CI, 1.29–5.14). Further investigations will aim to analyze mtDNA variability (at the level of individual polymorphisms, haplogroups, and whole genome) in patients with relapsing-remitting MS and in those with primary progressive MS versus healthy individuals and patients with relapsing-remitting MS according to disease severity.Conclusion. The data obtained in the Russian population suggest that mtDNA variations are involved in MS risk, to a greater extent in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. N. Boyko
- N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia;
Federal Center of Cerebrovascular Disease and Stroke, Ministry of Health of Russia
| | - M. S. Kozin
- N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia;
Federal Center of Cerebrovascular Disease and Stroke, Ministry of Health of Russia
| | - G. Zh. Osmak
- N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia;
Federal Center of Cerebrovascular Disease and Stroke, Ministry of Health of Russia
| | - O. G. Kulakova
- N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia
| | - O. O. Favorova
- N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia
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24
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Tobore TO. On elucidation of the role of mitochondria dysfunction and oxidative stress in multiple sclerosis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/ncn3.12335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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25
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Bargiela D, Chinnery PF. Mitochondria in neuroinflammation – Multiple sclerosis (MS), leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) and LHON-MS. Neurosci Lett 2019; 710:132932. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2017.06.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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26
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Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Multiple Sclerosis. BIOLOGY 2019; 8:biology8020037. [PMID: 31083577 PMCID: PMC6627385 DOI: 10.3390/biology8020037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, several studies have examined the potential associations between mitochondrial dysfunction and neurodegenerative diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS), Parkinson’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease. In MS, neurological disability results from inflammation, demyelination, and ultimately, axonal damage within the central nervous system. The sustained inflammatory phase of the disease leads to ion channel changes and chronic oxidative stress. Several independent investigations have demonstrated mitochondrial respiratory chain deficiency in MS, as well as abnormalities in mitochondrial transport. These processes create an energy imbalance and contribute to a parallel process of progressive neurodegeneration and irreversible disability. The potential roles of mitochondria in neurodegeneration are reviewed. An overview of mitochondrial diseases that may overlap with MS are also discussed, as well as possible therapeutic targets for the treatment of MS and other neurodegenerative conditions.
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27
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Scheid AD, Beadnell TC, Welch DR. The second genome: Effects of the mitochondrial genome on cancer progression. Adv Cancer Res 2019; 142:63-105. [PMID: 30885364 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2019.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The role of genetics in cancer has been recognized for centuries, but most studies elucidating genetic contributions to cancer have understandably focused on the nuclear genome. Mitochondrial contributions to cancer pathogenesis have been documented for decades, but how mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) influences cancer progression and metastasis remains poorly understood. This lack of understanding stems from difficulty isolating the nuclear and mitochondrial genomes as experimental variables, which is critical for investigating direct mtDNA contributions to disease given extensive crosstalk exists between both genomes. Several in vitro and in vivo models have isolated mtDNA as an independent variable from the nuclear genome. This review compares and contrasts different models, their advantages and disadvantages for studying mtDNA contributions to cancer, focusing on the mitochondrial-nuclear exchange (MNX) mouse model and findings regarding tumor progression, metastasis, and other complex cancer-related phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam D Scheid
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Kansas Medical Center, and The University of Kansas Cancer Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Thomas C Beadnell
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Kansas Medical Center, and The University of Kansas Cancer Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Danny R Welch
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Kansas Medical Center, and The University of Kansas Cancer Center, Kansas City, KS, United States.
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Venter M, Tomas C, Pienaar IS, Strassheim V, Erasmus E, Ng WF, Howell N, Newton JL, Van der Westhuizen FH, Elson JL. MtDNA population variation in Myalgic encephalomyelitis/Chronic fatigue syndrome in two populations: a study of mildly deleterious variants. Sci Rep 2019; 9:2914. [PMID: 30814539 PMCID: PMC6393470 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39060-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Myalgic Encephalomyelitis (ME), also known as Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS) is a debilitating condition. There is growing interest in a possible etiologic or pathogenic role of mitochondrial dysfunction and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variation in ME/CFS. Supporting such a link, fatigue is common and often severe in patients with mitochondrial disease. We investigate the role of mtDNA variation in ME/CFS. No proven pathogenic mtDNA mutations were found. We then investigated population variation. Two cohorts were analysed, one from the UK (n = 89 moderately affected; 29 severely affected) and the other from South Africa (n = 143 moderately affected). For both cohorts, ME/CFS patients had an excess of individuals without a mildly deleterious population variant. The differences in population variation might reflect a mechanism important to the pathophysiology of ME/CFS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Venter
- Human Metabolomics, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Cara Tomas
- Institute of Cellular Medicine & NIHR Biomedical Research Centre in Ageing and Chronic Disease, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Ilse S Pienaar
- School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, BN1 9PH, United Kingdom
- Centre for Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Victoria Strassheim
- Institute of Cellular Medicine & NIHR Biomedical Research Centre in Ageing and Chronic Disease, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, United Kingdom
- Centre for Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Elardus Erasmus
- Human Metabolomics, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Wan-Fai Ng
- Institute of Cellular Medicine & NIHR Biomedical Research Centre in Ageing and Chronic Disease, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, United Kingdom
- Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| | - Neil Howell
- Department of Radiation Therapy, UTMB, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Julia L Newton
- Centre for Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| | | | - Joanna L Elson
- Human Metabolomics, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa.
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, United Kingdom.
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Patel KR, Karaa A, Mateen FJ. Relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis in progressive external ophthalmoplegia: A report of two cases. Mult Scler 2018; 25:879-882. [DOI: 10.1177/1352458518800794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Evidence from genetic and pathologic studies suggests that mitochondrial dysfunction occurs in multiple sclerosis (MS). Furthermore, cases of MS have been reported in patients with mitochondrial disease. The phenotypic range of mitochondrial illness associating with MS is not yet well defined. In this report, we highlight two cases of patients with confirmed genetic mutations responsible for progressive external ophthalmoplegia who independently meet McDonald criteria for MS. Better characterization of the range of mitochondrial disease associated with MS may improve our understanding of MS disease pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin R Patel
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Amel Karaa
- Department of Genetics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Farrah J Mateen
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA/ Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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30
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Chinnery PF, Gomez-Duran A. Oldies but Goldies mtDNA Population Variants and Neurodegenerative Diseases. Front Neurosci 2018; 12:682. [PMID: 30369864 PMCID: PMC6194173 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
mtDNA is transmitted through the maternal line and its sequence variability, which is population specific, is assumed to be phenotypically neutral. However, several studies have shown associations between the variants defining some genetic backgrounds and the susceptibility to several pathogenic phenotypes, including neurodegenerative diseases. Many of these studies have found that some of these variants impact many of these phenotypes, including the ones defining the Caucasian haplogroups H, J, and Uk, while others, such as the ones defining the T haplogroup, have phenotype specific associations. In this review, we will focus on those that have shown a pleiotropic effect in population studies in neurological diseases. We will also explore their bioenergetic and genomic characteristics in order to provide an insight into the role of these variants in disease. Given the importance of mitochondrial population variants in neurodegenerative diseases a deeper analysis of their effects might unravel new mechanisms of disease and help design new strategies for successful treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick F Chinnery
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Medical Research Council-Mitochondrial Biology Unit, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Aurora Gomez-Duran
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Medical Research Council-Mitochondrial Biology Unit, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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31
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Hirose M, Künstner A, Schilf P, Sünderhauf A, Rupp J, Jöhren O, Schwaninger M, Sina C, Baines JF, Ibrahim SM. Mitochondrial gene polymorphism is associated with gut microbial communities in mice. Sci Rep 2017; 7:15293. [PMID: 29127319 PMCID: PMC5681637 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-15377-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Gut microbial communities are key mediators of health and disease and have the capacity to drive the pathogenesis of diverse complex diseases including metabolic and chronic inflammatory diseases as well as aging. Host genetics is also a major determinant of disease phenotypes, whereby two different genomes play a role, the nuclear (nDNA)- and mitochondrial genome (mtDNA). We investigated the impact of mutations in mtDNA on the gut microbiota using conplastic mouse strains exhibiting distinct mutations in their mtDNA on an identical nDNA. Each of three strain tested harbors a distinct gut microbiota, ranging from differences at the phylum- to operational taxonomic units level. The C57BL/6J-mt FVB/NJ strain, carrying a mutation in the mitochondrial ATP8 synthase gene, exhibits higher Firmicutes abundance than Bacteroidetes, indicating a possible indicative for metabolic dysfunctions. In line with this, the C57BL/6J-mt FVB/NJ displays a variety of different phenotypes, including increased susceptibility to metabolic-related and inflammatory disorders. Furthermore, we discuss the cross-talk between mitochondrial genome/mitochondria and commensal microbiota in relation to clinical phenotypes. In summary, we demonstrate that mutations in mtDNA lead to significant differences in the composition of gut microbial communities in mice. Such differences may facilitate the emergence of metabolic disease and therefore constitute potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misa Hirose
- Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Axel Künstner
- Group for Medical Systems Biology, Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Institute of Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Evolutionary Genomics, Plön, Germany
| | - Paul Schilf
- Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Annika Sünderhauf
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Jan Rupp
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Olaf Jöhren
- Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Markus Schwaninger
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Christian Sina
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - John F Baines
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Evolutionary Genomics, Plön, Germany
- Institute for Experimental Medicine, Evolutionary Genomics, Kiel, Germany
| | - Saleh M Ibrahim
- Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.
- College of Medicine and Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
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32
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Generation and Bioenergetic Profiles of Cybrids with East Asian mtDNA Haplogroups. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:1062314. [PMID: 29093766 PMCID: PMC5637837 DOI: 10.1155/2017/1062314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Revised: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variants and haplogroups may contribute to susceptibility to various diseases and pathological conditions, but the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. To address this issue, we established a cytoplasmic hybrid (cybrid) system to investigate the role of mtDNA haplogroups in human disease; specifically, we examined the effects of East Asian mtDNA genetic backgrounds on oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos). We found that mtDNA single nucleotide polymorphisms such as m.489T>C, m.10398A>G, m.10400C>T, m.C16223T, and m.T16362C affected mitochondrial function at the level of mtDNA, mtRNA, or the OxPhos complex. Macrohaplogroup M exhibited higher respiratory activity than haplogroup N owing to its higher mtDNA content, mtRNA transcript levels, and complex III abundance. Additionally, haplogroup M had higher reactive oxygen species levels and NAD+/NADH ratios than haplogroup N, suggesting difference in mitonuclear interactions. Notably, subhaplogroups G2, B4, and F1 appeared to contribute significantly to the differences between haplogroups M and N. Thus, our cybrid-based system can provide insight into the mechanistic basis for the role of mtDNA haplogroups in human diseases and the effect of mtDNA variants on mitochondrial OxPhos function. In addition, studies of mitonuclear interaction using this system can reveal predisposition to certain diseases conferred by variations in mtDNA.
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Schoeman EM, Van Der Westhuizen FH, Erasmus E, van Dyk E, Knowles CVY, Al-Ali S, Ng WF, Taylor RW, Newton JL, Elson JL. Clinically proven mtDNA mutations are not common in those with chronic fatigue syndrome. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2017; 18:29. [PMID: 28302057 PMCID: PMC5356238 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-017-0387-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS) is a prevalent debilitating condition that affects approximately 250,000 people in the UK. There is growing interest in the role of mitochondrial function and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variation in CFS. It is now known that fatigue is common and often severe in patients with mitochondrial disease irrespective of their age, gender or mtDNA genotype. More recently, it has been suggested that some CFS patients harbour clinically proven mtDNA mutations. METHODS MtDNA sequencing of 93 CFS patients from the United Kingdom (UK) and South Africa (RSA) was performed using an Ion Torrent Personal Genome Machine. The sequence data was examined for any evidence of clinically proven mutations, currently; more than 200 clinically proven mtDNA mutations point mutations have been identified. RESULTS We report the complete mtDNA sequence of 93 CFS patients from the UK and RSA, without finding evidence of clinically proven mtDNA mutations. This finding demonstrates that clinically proven mtDNA mutations are not a common element in the aetiology of disease in CFS patients. That is patients having a clinically proven mtDNA mutation and subsequently being misdiagnosed with CFS are likely to be rare. CONCLUSION The work supports the assertion that CFS should not be considered to fall within the spectrum of mtDNA disease. However, the current study cannot exclude a role for nuclear genes with a mitochondrial function, nor a role of mtDNA population variants in susceptibility to disease. This study highlights the need for more to be done to understand the pathophysiology of CFS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizna M. Schoeman
- Centre for Human Metabolomics, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | | | - Elardus Erasmus
- Centre for Human Metabolomics, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Etresia van Dyk
- Centre for Human Metabolomics, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Charlotte V. Y. Knowles
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Neuroscience, The Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH UK
| | - Shereen Al-Ali
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq
| | - Wan-Fai Ng
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Robert W. Taylor
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Neuroscience, The Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH UK
| | - Julia L. Newton
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Joanna L. Elson
- Centre for Human Metabolomics, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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34
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Andalib S, Talebi M, Sakhinia E, Farhoudi M, Sadeghi-Bazargani H, Emamhadi M, Masoodian N, Balaghi-Inalou M, Vafaee M, Gjedde A. Mitochondrial DNA G13708A variation and multiple sclerosis: Is there an association? Rev Neurol (Paris) 2017; 173:164-168. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurol.2017.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2016] [Revised: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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35
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Venter M, Malan L, van Dyk E, Elson JL, van der Westhuizen FH. Using MutPred derived mtDNA load scores to evaluate mtDNA variation in hypertension and diabetes in a two-population cohort: The SABPA study. J Genet Genomics 2016; 44:139-149. [PMID: 28298255 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2016.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Revised: 12/11/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variation has been implicated in many common complex diseases, but inconsistent and contradicting results are common. Here we introduce a novel mutational load hypothesis, which also considers the collective effect of mainly rare variants, utilising the MutPred Program. We apply this new methodology to investigate the possible role of mtDNA in two cardiovascular disease (CVD) phenotypes (hypertension and hyperglycaemia), within a two-population cohort (n = 363; mean age 45 ± 9 yrs). Very few studies have looked at African mtDNA variation in the context of complex disease, and none using complete sequence data in a well-phenotyped cohort. As such, our study will also extend our knowledge of African mtDNA variation, with complete sequences of Southern Africans being especially under-represented. The cohort showed prevalence rates for hypertension (58.6%) and prediabetes (44.8%). We could not identify a statistically significant role for mtDNA variation in association with hypertension or hyperglycaemia in our cohort. However, we are of the opinion that the method described will find wide application in the field, being especially useful for cohorts from multiple locations or with a variety of mtDNA lineages, where the traditional haplogroup association method has been particularly likely to generate spurious results in the context of association with common complex disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Venter
- Human Metabolomics, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2531, South Africa
| | - Leone Malan
- Hypertension in Africa Research Team (HART), North-West University, Potchefstroom 2531, South Africa
| | - Etresia van Dyk
- Human Metabolomics, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2531, South Africa
| | - Joanna L Elson
- Human Metabolomics, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2531, South Africa; Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, United Kingdom.
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36
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Andalib S, Emamhadi M, Yousefzadeh-Chabok S, Salari A, Sigaroudi AE, Vafaee MS. MtDNA T4216C variation in multiple sclerosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Acta Neurol Belg 2016; 116:439-443. [PMID: 27457485 DOI: 10.1007/s13760-016-0675-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
MtDNA T4216C variation has frequently been investigated in Multiple Sclerosis (MS) patients; nonetheless, controversy has existed about the evidence of association of this variation with susceptibility to MS. The present systematic review and meta-analysis converge the results of the preceding publications, pertaining to association of mtDNA T4216C variation with susceptibility to MS, into a common conclusion. A computerized literature search in English was carried out to retrieve relevant publications from which required data were extracted. Using a fixed effect model, pooled odds ratio (OR), 95 % confidence interval (95 % CI), and P value were calculated for association of mtDNA T4216C variation with susceptibility to MS. The pooled results showed that there was a significant association between mtDNA T4216C variation and MS (OR = 1.38, 95 % CI = 1.13-1.67, P = 0.001). The present systematic review and meta-analysis suggest that mtDNA T4216C variation is a contributory factor in susceptibility to MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sasan Andalib
- Department of Neurosurgery, Poursina Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Emamhadi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Poursina Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
| | - Shahrokh Yousefzadeh-Chabok
- Department of Neurosurgery, Poursina Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Arsalan Salari
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiology Research Center, Heshmat Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Abdolhosein Emami Sigaroudi
- Department of Health and Social Determinants of Health Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Manouchehr Seyedi Vafaee
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Southern Denmark & Department of Nuclear Medicine, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
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38
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Tranah GJ, Santaniello A, Caillier SJ, D'Alfonso S, Martinelli Boneschi F, Hauser SL, Oksenberg JR. Mitochondrial DNA sequence variation in multiple sclerosis. Neurology 2015; 85:325-30. [PMID: 26136518 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000001744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2014] [Accepted: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the influence of common mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequence variation on multiple sclerosis (MS) risk in cases and controls part of an international consortium. METHODS We analyzed 115 high-quality mtDNA variants and common haplogroups from a previously published genome-wide association study among 7,391 cases from the International Multiple Sclerosis Genetics Consortium and 14,568 controls from the Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium 2 project from 7 countries. Significant single nucleotide polymorphism and haplogroup associations were replicated in 3,720 cases and 879 controls from the University of California, San Francisco. RESULTS An elevated risk of MS was detected among haplogroup JT carriers from 7 pooled clinic sites (odds ratio [OR] = 1.15, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.07-1.24, p = 0.0002) included in the discovery study. The increased risk of MS was observed for both haplogroup T (OR = 1.17, 95% CI = 1.06-1.29, p = 0.002) and haplogroup J carriers (OR = 1.11, 95% CI = 1.01-1.22, p = 0.03). These haplogroup associations with MS were not replicated in the independent sample set. An elevated risk of primary progressive (PP) MS was detected for haplogroup J participants from 3 European discovery populations (OR = 1.49, 95% CI = 1.10-2.01, p = 0.009). This elevated risk was borderline significant in the US replication population (OR = 1.43, 95% CI = 0.99-2.08, p = 0.058) and remained significant in pooled analysis of discovery and replication studies (OR = 1.43, 95% CI = 1.14-1.81, p = 0.002). No common individual mtDNA variants were associated with MS risk. CONCLUSIONS Identification and validation of mitochondrial genetic variants associated with MS and PPMS may lead to new targets for treatment and diagnostic tests for identifying potential responders to interventions that target mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory J Tranah
- From the California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute (G.J.T.), San Francisco, CA; Department of Neurology (A.S., S.J.C., S.L.H., J.R.O.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Health Sciences (S.D.), UPO and Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases (IRCAD), University of Eastern Piedmont, Avogadro, Novara, Italy; and Department of Neuro-rehabilitation and INSPE (Institute of Experimental Neurology) (F.M.B.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.
| | - Adam Santaniello
- From the California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute (G.J.T.), San Francisco, CA; Department of Neurology (A.S., S.J.C., S.L.H., J.R.O.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Health Sciences (S.D.), UPO and Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases (IRCAD), University of Eastern Piedmont, Avogadro, Novara, Italy; and Department of Neuro-rehabilitation and INSPE (Institute of Experimental Neurology) (F.M.B.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Stacy J Caillier
- From the California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute (G.J.T.), San Francisco, CA; Department of Neurology (A.S., S.J.C., S.L.H., J.R.O.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Health Sciences (S.D.), UPO and Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases (IRCAD), University of Eastern Piedmont, Avogadro, Novara, Italy; and Department of Neuro-rehabilitation and INSPE (Institute of Experimental Neurology) (F.M.B.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Sandra D'Alfonso
- From the California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute (G.J.T.), San Francisco, CA; Department of Neurology (A.S., S.J.C., S.L.H., J.R.O.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Health Sciences (S.D.), UPO and Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases (IRCAD), University of Eastern Piedmont, Avogadro, Novara, Italy; and Department of Neuro-rehabilitation and INSPE (Institute of Experimental Neurology) (F.M.B.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Filippo Martinelli Boneschi
- From the California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute (G.J.T.), San Francisco, CA; Department of Neurology (A.S., S.J.C., S.L.H., J.R.O.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Health Sciences (S.D.), UPO and Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases (IRCAD), University of Eastern Piedmont, Avogadro, Novara, Italy; and Department of Neuro-rehabilitation and INSPE (Institute of Experimental Neurology) (F.M.B.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Stephen L Hauser
- From the California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute (G.J.T.), San Francisco, CA; Department of Neurology (A.S., S.J.C., S.L.H., J.R.O.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Health Sciences (S.D.), UPO and Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases (IRCAD), University of Eastern Piedmont, Avogadro, Novara, Italy; and Department of Neuro-rehabilitation and INSPE (Institute of Experimental Neurology) (F.M.B.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Jorge R Oksenberg
- From the California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute (G.J.T.), San Francisco, CA; Department of Neurology (A.S., S.J.C., S.L.H., J.R.O.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Health Sciences (S.D.), UPO and Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases (IRCAD), University of Eastern Piedmont, Avogadro, Novara, Italy; and Department of Neuro-rehabilitation and INSPE (Institute of Experimental Neurology) (F.M.B.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
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Hirose M, Schilf P, Benoit S, Eming R, Gläser R, Homey B, Kunz M, Nebel A, Peitsch WK, Pföhler C, Sárdy M, Schreiber S, Zillikens D, Schmidt E, Ibrahim SM. Polymorphisms in the mitochondrially encoded ATP synthase 8 gene are associated with susceptibility to bullous pemphigoid in the German population. Exp Dermatol 2015; 24:715-7. [PMID: 25941154 DOI: 10.1111/exd.12732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/12/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Misa Hirose
- Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Paul Schilf
- Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Sandrine Benoit
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Eming
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Phillip University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Regine Gläser
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Christian Albrecht University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Bernhard Homey
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Manfred Kunz
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Almut Nebel
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Wiebke K Peitsch
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Claudia Pföhler
- Department of Dermatology, Saarland University Medical School, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Miklós Sárdy
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Schreiber
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine I, Christian Albrecht University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany.,Popgen biobank, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Detlef Zillikens
- Department of Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Enno Schmidt
- Department of Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,Comprehensive Center for Inflammation Medicine, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Saleh M Ibrahim
- Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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Gaspar R, Santana I, Mendes C, Fernandes AS, Duro D, Simões M, Luís D, Santos MJ, Grazina M. Genetic Variation of MT-ND Genes in Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration: Biochemical Phenotype-Genotype Correlation. NEURODEGENER DIS 2015; 15:70-80. [DOI: 10.1159/000380766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Accepted: 02/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Poursadegh Zonouzi A, Ghorbian S, Abkar M, Poursadegh Zonouzi AA, Azadi A. Mitochondrial complex I gene variations; as a potential genetic risk factor in pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis. J Neurol Sci 2014; 345:220-3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2014.07.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Revised: 07/20/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Llobet L, Gómez-Durán A, Iceta R, Iglesias E, Montoya J, Martín-Martínez J, Ara JR, Ruiz-Pesini E. Stressed cybrids model demyelinated axons in multiple sclerosis. Metab Brain Dis 2013; 28:639-45. [PMID: 23612782 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-013-9410-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2013] [Accepted: 04/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis is likely caused by a complex interaction of multiple genes and environmental factors. The contribution of mitochondrial DNA genetic backgrounds has been frequently reported. To evaluate the effect of mitochondrial DNA haplogroups in the same genetic and environmental circumstances, we have built human transmitochondrial cell lines and simulated the effect of axon demyelination, one of the hallmarks of multiple sclerosis pathology, by altering the ionic gradients through the plasmalemma and increasing ATP consumption. In this model, mitochondrial biogenesis is observed. This process is larger in Uk cybrids, which mirrors their lower oxidative phosphorylation capacity in basal conditions. This model replicates a process occurring in both patients suffering from multiple sclerosis and several animal models of axon demyelination. Therefore, it can be used to analyze the contribution of various mitochondrial DNA genotypes to multiple sclerosis. In this sense, a longer or stronger energy stress, such as that associated with demyelinated axons in multiple sclerosis, could make Uk individuals more susceptible to this pathology. Finally, pharmacologic compounds targeted to mitochondrial biogenesis could be a potential therapy for multiple sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Llobet
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Biología Molecular y Celular, Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas En Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER) Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
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Andalib S, Talebi M, Sakhinia E, Farhoudi M, Sadeghi-Bazargani H, Motavallian A, Pilehvar-Soltanahmadi Y. Multiple sclerosis and mitochondrial gene variations: a review. J Neurol Sci 2013; 330:10-5. [PMID: 23669867 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2013.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2013] [Revised: 04/16/2013] [Accepted: 04/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a debilitating disease of the central nervous system. Its etiology is still an unanswered enigma; its symptoms are varied and unpredictable; and there is no cure for it. Genetics has been introduced as a contributing factor to MS. Not only may MS stem from nuclear gene variations/mutations, but also it may arise from mitochondrial gene variations/mutations. The association of mitochondrial DNA variations/mutations with the pathogenesis of MS has, so far, been analyzed by several studies. This paper reviews the literature with regard to MS and corresponding mitochondrial DNA variations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sasan Andalib
- Neurosciences Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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López S, Buil A, Souto JC, Casademont J, Blangero J, Martinez-Perez A, Fontcuberta J, Lathrop M, Almasy L, Soria JM. Sex-specific regulation of mitochondrial DNA levels: genome-wide linkage analysis to identify quantitative trait loci. PLoS One 2012; 7:e42711. [PMID: 22916149 PMCID: PMC3423410 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0042711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2012] [Accepted: 07/10/2012] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Altered mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) levels have been associated with common diseases in humans. We investigated the genetic mechanism that controls mtDNA levels using genome-wide linkage analyses in families from the Genetic Analysis of Idiopathic Thrombophilia Project (GAIT). We measure mtDNA levels by quantitative real-time PCR in 386 subjects from 21 extended Spanish families. A variance component linkage method using 485 microsatellites was conducted to evaluate linkage and to detect quantitative trait loci (QTLs) involved in the control of mtDNA levels. The heritalibility of mtDNA levels was 0.33 (p=1.82e-05). We identified a QTL on Chromosome 2 (LOD=2.21) using all of the subjects, independently on their sex. When females and males were analysed separately, three QTLs were identified. Females showed the same QTL on Chromosome 2 (LOD=3.09), indicating that the QTL identified in the analysis using all of the subjects was a strong female QTL, and another one on Chromosome 3 (LOD=2.67), whereas in males a QTL was identified on Chromosome 1 (LOD=2.81). These QTLs were fine-mapped to find associations with mtDNA levels. The most significant SNP association was for the rs10888838 on Chromosome 1 in males. This SNP mapped to the gene MRPL37, involved in mitochondrial protein translation. The rs2140855 on Chromosome 2 showed association in the analysis using all of the subjects. It was near the gene CMPK2, which encodes a mitochondrial enzyme of the salvage pathway of deoxyribonucleotide synthesis. Our results provide evidence of a sex-specific genetic mechanism for the control of mtDNA levels and provide a framework to identify new genes that influence mtDNA levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia López
- Unit of Genomic of Complex Diseases, Institute of Biomedical Research of Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alfonso Buil
- Unit of Genomic of Complex Diseases, Institute of Biomedical Research of Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Souto
- Haemostasis and Thrombosis Unit, Department of Haematology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Casademont
- Internal Medicine Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - John Blangero
- Department of Population Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
| | - Angel Martinez-Perez
- Unit of Genomic of Complex Diseases, Institute of Biomedical Research of Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Fontcuberta
- Haemostasis and Thrombosis Unit, Department of Haematology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mark Lathrop
- Institut de Génomique, Centre National de Génotypage, Evry, France
| | - Laura Almasy
- Department of Population Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
| | - Jose Manuel Soria
- Unit of Genomic of Complex Diseases, Institute of Biomedical Research of Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
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Slee M, Finkemeyer J, Krupa M, Raghupathi R, Gardner J, Blumbergs P, Agzarian M, Thyagarajan D. A novel mitochondrial DNA deletion producing progressive external ophthalmoplegia associated with multiple sclerosis. J Clin Neurosci 2011; 18:1318-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2011.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2010] [Revised: 01/27/2011] [Accepted: 02/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Cho S, Lee YM, Choi YS, Yang HI, Jeon YE, Lee KE, Lim K, Kim HY, Seo SK, Lee BS. Mitochondria DNA polymorphisms are associated with susceptibility to endometriosis. DNA Cell Biol 2011; 31:317-22. [PMID: 21848429 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2011.1279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Because energy production involves oxidative phosphorylation, mitochondria are major sources of reactive oxygen species in the cell. Recent findings indicate that mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variants may play a role in the etiology of certain autoimmune and chronic inflammatory diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible association between mtDNA polymorphisms and susceptibility to endometriosis. This study included 198 patients with histologically confirmed endometriosis and 167 patients without endometriosis as controls. Common variants of mtDNA at nt10398 (A/G transition), nt13708 (G/A transition), and nt16189 (T/C transition) were detected using polymerase chain reaction. An association study was performed with a chi-square test and logistic regression analysis. The prevalence of the mtDNA nt16189 variant was higher in patients with endometriosis (46.0%, 91 of 198) than in controls (34.7%, 58 of 167) (p=0.030) with odds ratio (OR) of 1.98 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.04-3.78). A combination of the 10398 and 16189 variants was also associated with increased risk for endometriosis (OR=1.90, 95% CI: 1.13-3.18, p=0.015). These associations remained significant even after adjusting for age and body mass index. Our data strongly suggest that the mtDNA 16189 variants and the combination of mtDNA 16189 and 10398 variants increase susceptibility to endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- SiHyun Cho
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Greer JM, McCombe PA. Role of gender in multiple sclerosis: clinical effects and potential molecular mechanisms. J Neuroimmunol 2011; 234:7-18. [PMID: 21474189 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2011.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2010] [Revised: 03/05/2011] [Accepted: 03/07/2011] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is more prevalent in females than males, and this female predominance is increasing as time goes by. Additionally, gender appears to play critical roles in development, progression and treatment of MS, and is therefore an aspect that should always be considered in the design and interpretation of research and clinical trials for MS. In this review, factors that could potentially explain the gender-biased observations in MS are discussed. These include sex-specific differences between the male and female immune systems and nervous systems, genetic and epigenetic or environmental-related effects, the effects of gonadal hormones, and materno-fetal interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith M Greer
- The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Brisbane, 4029, Australia.
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Ienco EC, Simoncini C, Orsucci D, Petrucci L, Filosto M, Mancuso M, Siciliano G. May "mitochondrial eve" and mitochondrial haplogroups play a role in neurodegeneration and Alzheimer's disease? Int J Alzheimers Dis 2011; 2011:709061. [PMID: 21423558 PMCID: PMC3056451 DOI: 10.4061/2011/709061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2010] [Accepted: 12/29/2010] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria, the powerhouse of the cell, play a critical role in several metabolic processes and apoptotic pathways. Multiple evidences suggest that mitochondria may be crucial in ageing-related neurodegenerative diseases. Moreover, mitochondrial haplogroups have been linked to multiple area of medicine, from normal ageing to diseases, including neurodegeneration. Polymorphisms within the mitochondrial genome might lead to impaired energy generation and to increased amount of reactive oxygen species, having either susceptibility or protective role in several diseases. Here, we highlight the role of the mitochondrial haplogroups in the pathogenetic cascade leading to diseases, with special attention to Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Caldarazzo Ienco
- Department of Neuroscience, Neurological Clinic, University of Pisa, Via Roma 67, 56126 Pisa, Italy
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Choi BO, Hwang JH, Cho EM, Jeong EH, Hyun YS, Jeon HJ, Seong KM, Cho NS, Chung KW. Mutational analysis of whole mitochondrial DNA in patients with MELAS and MERRF diseases. Exp Mol Med 2010; 42:446-55. [PMID: 20440095 DOI: 10.3858/emm.2010.42.6.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial diseases are clinically and genetically heterogeneous disorders, which make the exact diagnosis and classification difficult. The purpose of this study was to identify pathogenic mtDNA mutations in 61 Korean unrelated families (or isolated patients) with MELAS or MERRF. In particular, the mtDNA sequences were completely determined for 49 patients. From the mutational analysis of mtDNA obtained from blood, 5 confirmed pathogenic mutations were identified in 17 families, and 4 unreported pathogenically suspected mutations were identified in 4 families. The m.3243A>G in the tRNA(Leu(UUR))was predominantly observed in 10 MELAS families, and followed by m.8344A>G in the tRNA(Lys) of 4 MERRF families. Most pathogenic mutations showed heteroplasmy, and the rates were considerably different within the familial members. Patients with a higher rate of mutations showed a tendency of having more severe clinical phenotypes, but not in all cases. This study will be helpful for the molecular diagnosis of mitochondrial diseases, as well as establishment of mtDNA database in Koreans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byung-Ok Choi
- Department of Neurology, Ewha Womans University, School of Medicine, Ewha Medical Research Institute, Seoul, Korea
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Biffi A, Anderson CD, Nalls MA, Rahman R, Sonni A, Cortellini L, Rost NS, Matarin M, Hernandez DG, Plourde A, de Bakker PI, Ross OA, Greenberg SM, Furie KL, Meschia JF, Singleton AB, Saxena R, Rosand J. Principal-component analysis for assessment of population stratification in mitochondrial medical genetics. Am J Hum Genet 2010; 86:904-17. [PMID: 20537299 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2010.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2010] [Revised: 05/02/2010] [Accepted: 05/06/2010] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Although inherited mitochondrial genetic variation can cause human disease, no validated methods exist for control of confounding due to mitochondrial population stratification (PS). We sought to identify a reliable method for PS assessment in mitochondrial medical genetics. We analyzed mitochondrial SNP data from 1513 European American individuals concomitantly genotyped with the use of a previously validated panel of 144 mitochondrial markers as well as the Affymetrix 6.0 (n = 432), Illumina 610-Quad (n = 458), or Illumina 660 (n = 623) platforms. Additional analyses were performed in 938 participants in the Human Genome Diversity Panel (HGDP) (Illumina 650). We compared the following methods for controlling for PS: haplogroup-stratified analyses, mitochondrial principal-component analysis (PCA), and combined autosomal-mitochondrial PCA. We computed mitochondrial genomic inflation factors (mtGIFs) and test statistics for simulated case-control and continuous phenotypes (10,000 simulations each) with varying degrees of correlation with mitochondrial ancestry. Results were then compared across adjustment methods. We also calculated power for discovery of true associations under each method, using a simulation approach. Mitochondrial PCA recapitulated haplogroup information, but haplogroup-stratified analyses were inferior to mitochondrial PCA in controlling for PS. Correlation between nuclear and mitochondrial principal components (PCs) was very limited. Adjustment for nuclear PCs had no effect on mitochondrial analysis of simulated phenotypes. Mitochondrial PCA performed with the use of data from commercially available genome-wide arrays correlated strongly with PCA performed with the use of an exhaustive mitochondrial marker panel. Finally, we demonstrate, through simulation, no loss in power for detection of true associations with the use of mitochondrial PCA.
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