1
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Liu P, Shi C, Qiu L, Shang D, Lu Z, Tu Z, Liu H. Menin signaling and therapeutic targeting in breast cancer. Curr Probl Cancer 2024; 51:101118. [PMID: 38968834 DOI: 10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2024.101118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
To date, mounting evidence have shown that patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) may face an increased risk for breast carcinogenesis. The product of the MEN1 gene, menin, was also indicated to be an important regulator in breast cancer signaling network. Menin directly interacts with MLL, EZH2, JunD, NF-κB, PPARγ, VDR, Smad3, β-catenin and ERα to modulate gene transcriptions leading to cell proliferation inhibition. Moreover, interaction of menin-FANCD2 contributes to the enhancement of BRCA1-mediated DNA repair mechanism. Ectopic expression of menin causes Bax-, Bak- and Caspase-8-dependent apoptosis. However, despite numbers of menin inhibitors were exploited in other cancers, data on the usage of menin inhibitors in breast cancer treatment remain limited. In this review, we focused on the menin associated signaling pathways and gene transcription regulations, with the aim of elucidating its molecular mechanisms and of guiding the development of novel menin targeted drugs in breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, PR China
| | - Chaowen Shi
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, PR China
| | - Lipeng Qiu
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, PR China
| | - Dongsheng Shang
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, PR China
| | - Ziwen Lu
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, PR China
| | - Zhigang Tu
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, PR China
| | - Hanqing Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, PR China.
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2
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Yang RY, Tan JY, Liu Z, Shen XL, Hu YJ. Lappaol F regulates the cell cycle by activating CDKN1C/p57 in human colorectal cancer cells. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2023; 61:337-344. [PMID: 36708218 PMCID: PMC9888477 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2023.2172048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Lappaol F (LAF), a natural lignan from Arctium lappa Linné (Asteraceae), inhibits tumor cell growth in vitro and in vivo. The underlying mechanism involves the suppression of the Yes-associated protein. However, the specific role of LAF in cell cycle regulation remains unknown. OBJECTIVE This study determined the molecular mechanism by which LAF regulates cell cycle progression. MATERIALS AND METHODS Various colon cancer cell lines (SW480, HCT15, and HCT116) were treated with LAF (25, 50, and 75 μmol/L) for 48 h. The effects of LAF on cell proliferation and cell cycle were determined using sulforhodamine B and flow cytometry assays. Differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified using quantitative proteomics. Bioinformatic analysis of DEPs was conducted via Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses. Expression levels of DEPs in the cell cycle pathway were analyzed using RT-qPCR and western blotting. RESULTS LAF suppressed the proliferation of SW480, HCT15, and HCT116 cells (IC50 47.1, 51.4, and 32.8 μmol/L, respectively) and induced cell cycle arrest at the S phase. A total of 6331 proteins were identified and quantified, of which 127 were differentially expressed between the LAF-treated and untreated groups. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses revealed that DEPs mainly participated in the cell cycle. CDKN1C/p57 showed the most significant differential expression, with the highest fold-change (3.155-fold). Knockdown of CDKN1C/p57 attenuated the S phase cell cycle arrest and proliferation inhibition induced by LAF. CONCLUSION LAF exerts antitumor effects via S phase arrest by activating CDKN1C/p57 in colorectal cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Yi Yang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Yi Tan
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhe Liu
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Ling Shen
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying-Jie Hu
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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3
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Dimond A, Van de Pette M, Taylor-Bateman V, Brown K, Sardini A, Whilding C, Feytout A, Prinjha RK, Merkenschlager M, Fisher AG. Drug-induced loss of imprinting revealed using bioluminescent reporters of Cdkn1c. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5626. [PMID: 37024615 PMCID: PMC10079848 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32747-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Genomic imprinting is an epigenetically mediated mechanism that regulates allelic expression of genes based upon parent-of-origin and provides a paradigm for studying epigenetic silencing and release. Here, bioluminescent reporters for the maternally-expressed imprinted gene Cdkn1c are used to examine the capacity of chromatin-modifying drugs to reverse paternal Cdkn1c silencing. Exposure of reporter mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) to 5-Azacytidine, HDAC inhibitors, BET inhibitors or GSK-J4 (KDM6A/B inhibitor) relieved repression of paternal Cdkn1c, either selectively or by inducing biallelic effects. Treatment of reporter fibroblasts with HDAC inhibitors or GSK-J4 resulted in similar paternal Cdkn1c activation, whereas BET inhibitor-induced loss of imprinting was specific to mESCs. Changes in allelic expression were generally not sustained in dividing cultures upon drug removal, indicating that the underlying epigenetic memory of silencing was maintained. In contrast, Cdkn1c de-repression by GSK-J4 was retained in both mESCs and fibroblasts following inhibitor removal, although this impact may be linked to cellular stress and DNA damage. Taken together, these data introduce bioluminescent reporter cells as tools for studying epigenetic silencing and disruption, and demonstrate that Cdkn1c imprinting requires distinct and cell-type specific chromatin features and modifying enzymes to enact and propagate a memory of silencing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Dimond
- Epigenetic Memory Group, MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK.
| | - Mathew Van de Pette
- Epigenetic Memory Group, MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
- MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Gleeson Building, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1QR, UK
| | - Victoria Taylor-Bateman
- Epigenetic Memory Group, MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Karen Brown
- Epigenetic Memory Group, MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Alessandro Sardini
- Whole Animal Physiology and Imaging, MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Chad Whilding
- Microscopy Facility, MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Amelie Feytout
- Epigenetic Memory Group, MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Rab K Prinjha
- Immunology and Epigenetics Research Unit, Research, GlaxoSmithKline, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, SG1 2NY, Herts, UK
| | - Matthias Merkenschlager
- Lymphocyte Development Group, MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Amanda G Fisher
- Epigenetic Memory Group, MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK.
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4
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Cleveland AH, Malawsky D, Churiwal M, Rodriguez C, Reed F, Schniederjan M, Velazquez Vega JE, Davis I, Gershon TR. PRC2 disruption in cerebellar progenitors produces cerebellar hypoplasia and aberrant myoid differentiation without blocking medulloblastoma growth. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2023; 11:8. [PMID: 36635771 PMCID: PMC9838053 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-023-01508-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
We show that Polycomb Repressive Complex-2 (PRC2) components EED and EZH2 maintain neural identity in cerebellar granule neuron progenitors (CGNPs) and SHH-driven medulloblastoma, a cancer of CGNPs. Proliferating CGNPs and medulloblastoma cells inherit neural fate commitment through epigenetic mechanisms. The PRC2 is an epigenetic regulator that has been proposed as a therapeutic target in medulloblastoma. To define PRC2 function in cerebellar development and medulloblastoma, we conditionally deleted PRC2 components Eed or Ezh2 in CGNPs and analyzed medulloblastomas induced in Eed-deleted and Ezh2-deleted CGNPs by expressing SmoM2, an oncogenic allele of Smo. Eed deletion destabilized the PRC2, depleting EED and EZH2 proteins, while Ezh2 deletion did not deplete EED. Eed-deleted cerebella were hypoplastic, with reduced proliferation, increased apoptosis, and inappropriate muscle-like differentiation. Ezh2-deleted cerebella showed similar, milder phenotypes, with fewer muscle-like cells and without reduced growth. Eed-deleted and Ezh2-deleted medulloblastomas both demonstrated myoid differentiation and progressed more rapidly than PRC2-intact controls. The PRC2 thus maintains neural commitment in CGNPs and medulloblastoma, but is not required for SHH medulloblastoma progression. Our data define a role for the PRC2 in preventing inappropriate, non-neural fates during postnatal neurogenesis, and caution that targeting the PRC2 in SHH medulloblastoma may not produce durable therapeutic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail H. Cleveland
- grid.10698.360000000122483208Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA ,grid.10698.360000000122483208Cancer Cell Biology Training Program, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA
| | - Daniel Malawsky
- grid.10698.360000000122483208Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA ,grid.10306.340000 0004 0606 5382Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | - Mehal Churiwal
- grid.10698.360000000122483208Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA
| | - Claudia Rodriguez
- grid.10698.360000000122483208Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA
| | - Frances Reed
- grid.10698.360000000122483208Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA
| | - Matthew Schniederjan
- grid.189967.80000 0001 0941 6502Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA
| | - Jose E. Velazquez Vega
- grid.189967.80000 0001 0941 6502Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA
| | - Ian Davis
- grid.10698.360000000122483208Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA
| | - Timothy R. Gershon
- grid.10698.360000000122483208Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA ,grid.189967.80000 0001 0941 6502Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA ,grid.189967.80000 0001 0941 6502Children’s Center for Neurosciences Research, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA ,grid.189967.80000 0001 0941 6502Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA
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IFI16-dependent STING signaling is a crucial regulator of anti-HER2 immune response in HER2+ breast cancer. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2201376119. [PMID: 35878022 PMCID: PMC9351446 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2201376119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Relapse to anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody (mAb) therapies, such as trastuzumab in HER2+ breast cancer (BC), is associated with residual disease progression due to resistance to therapy. Here, we identify interferon-γ inducible protein 16 (IFI16)-dependent STING signaling as a significant determinant of trastuzumab responses in HER2+ BC. We show that down-regulation of immune-regulated genes (IRG) is specifically associated with poor survival of HER2+, but not other BC subtypes. Among IRG, IFI16 is identified as a direct target of EZH2, the underexpression of which leads to deficient STING activation and downstream CXCL10/11 expression in response to trastuzumab treatment. Dual inhibition of EZH2 and histone deacetylase (HDAC) significantly activates IFI16-dependent immune responses to trastuzumab. Notably, a combination of a novel histone methylation inhibitor with an HDAC inhibitor induces complete tumor eradication and long-term T cell memory in a HER2+ BC mouse model. Our findings demonstrate an epigenetic regulatory mechanism suppressing the expression of the IFI16-CXCL10/11 signaling pathway that provides a survival advantage to HER2+ BC to confer resistance to trastuzumab treatment.
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6
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Salmerón-Bárcenas EG, Zacapala-Gómez AE, Ortiz-Ortiz J, Torres-Rojas FI, Ávila-López PA. Integrated bioinformatics analysis reveals that EZH2-rich domains promote transcriptional repression in cervical cancer. EXCLI JOURNAL 2022; 21:852-868. [PMID: 36172073 PMCID: PMC9489889 DOI: 10.17179/excli2022-5029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Cervical cancer is the third female cancer most common worldwide. The carcinogenic process involves an alteration of the mechanisms associated with transcription. Several studies have reported an oncogenic role of the polycomb complex subunit, EZH2. However, the role of EZH2 in cervical cancer is unknown. Hence, the objective of this study was to determine the role of EZH2 in transcriptional regulation in cervical cancer. The EZH2 expression and the methylation status of its promoter were analyzed in The Cancer Genome Atlas. The EZH2 enrichment profile was analyzed using chromatin immunoprecipitation with massively parallel DNA sequencing data provided by ENCODE project. The chromatin compartments were identified in the 4D Nucleome Data Portal. The functional annotation was examined in Enrichr. We report that EZH2 expression is increased in cervical cancer which is associated with hypomethylation of its promoter. EZH2 is enriched at promoter and distal intergenic regions. We identified that EZH2 defines chromatin domains enriched with H3K27me3 within repressive compartments in the HeLa-S3 cell line. Additionally, high EZH2 expression is associated with the repression of the senescent phenotype in cervical cancer patients. Our results suggest the participation of EZH2 in the generation of domains with a silencer function in cervical cancer, which regulate the expression of genes associated with cellular senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric G. Salmerón-Bárcenas
- Departamento de Biomedicina Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México 07360, México
| | - Ana Elvira Zacapala-Gómez
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo 39070, Guerrero, México
| | - Julio Ortiz-Ortiz
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo 39070, Guerrero, México
| | - Francisco I. Torres-Rojas
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo 39070, Guerrero, México
| | - Pedro A. Ávila-López
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA,*To whom correspondence should be addressed: Pedro A. Ávila-López, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA; Telephone number: +52 55 6098 2694, E-mail:
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7
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Borkiewicz L. Histone 3 Lysine 27 Trimethylation Signature in Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12853. [PMID: 34884658 PMCID: PMC8657745 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer development and progression rely on complicated genetic and also epigenetic changes which regulate gene expression without altering the DNA sequence. Epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation, histone modifications, and regulation by lncRNAs alter protein expression by either promoting gene transcription or repressing it. The presence of so-called chromatin modification marks at various gene promoters and gene bodies is associated with normal cell development but also with tumorigenesis and progression of different types of cancer, including the most frequently diagnosed breast cancer. This review is focused on the significance of one of the abundant post-translational modifications of histone 3- trimethylation of lysine 27 (H3K27me3), which was shown to participate in tumour suppressor genes' silencing. Unlike other reviews in the field, here the overview of existing evidence linking H3K27me3 status with breast cancer biology and the tumour outcome is presented especially in the context of diverse breast cancer subtypes. Moreover, the potential of agents that target H3K27me3 for the treatment of this complex disease as well as H3K27 methylation in cross-talk with other chromatin modifications and lncRNAs are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Borkiewicz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-059 Lublin, Poland
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8
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Li W, Wu H, Sui S, Wang Q, Xu S, Pang D. Targeting Histone Modifications in Breast Cancer: A Precise Weapon on the Way. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:736935. [PMID: 34595180 PMCID: PMC8476812 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.736935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone modifications (HMs) contribute to maintaining genomic stability, transcription, DNA repair, and modulating chromatin in cancer cells. Furthermore, HMs are dynamic and reversible processes that involve interactions between numerous enzymes and molecular components. Aberrant HMs are strongly associated with tumorigenesis and progression of breast cancer (BC), although the specific mechanisms are not completely understood. Moreover, there is no comprehensive overview of abnormal HMs in BC, and BC therapies that target HMs are still in their infancy. Therefore, this review summarizes the existing evidence regarding HMs that are involved in BC and the potential mechanisms that are related to aberrant HMs. Moreover, this review examines the currently available agents and approved drugs that have been tested in pre-clinical and clinical studies to evaluate their effects on HMs. Finally, this review covers the barriers to the clinical application of therapies that target HMs, and possible strategies that could help overcome these barriers and accelerate the use of these therapies to cure patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Harbin Medical University Third Hospital: Tumor Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Harbin Medical University Third Hospital: Tumor Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shiyao Sui
- Harbin Medical University Third Hospital: Tumor Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Qin Wang
- Harbin Medical University Third Hospital: Tumor Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shouping Xu
- Harbin Medical University Third Hospital: Tumor Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Da Pang
- Harbin Medical University Third Hospital: Tumor Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, China
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9
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Lai J, Lin X, Cao F, Mok H, Chen B, Liao N. CDKN1C as a prognostic biomarker correlated with immune infiltrates and therapeutic responses in breast cancer patients. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:9390-9401. [PMID: 34464504 PMCID: PMC8500970 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) prognosis and therapeutic sensitivity could not be predicted efficiently. Previous evidence have shown the vital roles of CDKN1C in BC. Therefore, we aimed to construct a CDKN1C‐based model to accurately predicting overall survival (OS) and treatment responses in BC patients. In this study, 995 BC patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas database were selected. Kaplan‐Meier curve, Gene set enrichment and immune infiltrates analyses were executed. We developed a novel CDKN1C‐based nomogram to predict the OS, verified by the time‐dependent receiver operating characteristic curve, calibration curve and decision curve. Therapeutic response prediction was followed based on the low‐ and high‐nomogram score groups. Our results indicated that low‐CDKN1C expression was associated with shorter OS and lower proportion of naïve B cells, CD8 T cells, activated NK cells. The predictive accuracy of the nomogram for 5‐year OS was superior to the tumour‐node‐metastasis stage (area under the curve: 0.746 vs. 0.634, p < 0.001). The nomogram exhibited excellent predictive performance, calibration ability and clinical utility. Moreover, low‐risk patients were identified with stronger sensitivity to therapeutic agents. This tool can improve BC prognosis and therapeutic responses prediction, thus guiding individualized treatment decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianguo Lai
- Department of Breast Cancer, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital,Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyi Lin
- Department of Breast Cancer, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital,Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fangrong Cao
- Department of Breast Cancer, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital,Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hsiaopei Mok
- Department of Breast Cancer, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital,Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Breast Cancer, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital,Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ning Liao
- Department of Breast Cancer, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital,Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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10
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Ozyerli-Goknar E, Bagci-Onder T. Epigenetic Deregulation of Apoptosis in Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:3210. [PMID: 34199020 PMCID: PMC8267644 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13133210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells possess the ability to evade apoptosis. Genetic alterations through mutations in key genes of the apoptotic signaling pathway represent a major adaptive mechanism of apoptosis evasion. In parallel, epigenetic changes via aberrant modifications of DNA and histones to regulate the expression of pro- and antiapoptotic signal mediators represent a major complementary mechanism in apoptosis regulation and therapy response. Most epigenetic changes are governed by the activity of chromatin modifying enzymes that add, remove, or recognize different marks on histones and DNA. Here, we discuss how apoptosis signaling components are deregulated at epigenetic levels, particularly focusing on the roles of chromatin-modifying enzymes in this process. We also review the advances in cancer therapies with epigenetic drugs such as DNMT, HMT, HDAC, and BET inhibitors, as well as their effects on apoptosis modulation in cancer cells. Rewiring the epigenome by drug interventions can provide therapeutic advantage for various cancers by reverting therapy resistance and leading cancer cells to undergo apoptotic cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ezgi Ozyerli-Goknar
- Brain Cancer Research and Therapy Laboratory, Koç University School of Medicine, Istanbul 34450, Turkey;
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey
| | - Tugba Bagci-Onder
- Brain Cancer Research and Therapy Laboratory, Koç University School of Medicine, Istanbul 34450, Turkey;
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey
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11
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Jing FY, Zhou LM, Ning YJ, Wang XJ, Zhu YM. The Biological Function, Mechanism, and Clinical Significance of m6A RNA Modifications in Head and Neck Carcinoma: A Systematic Review. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:683254. [PMID: 34136491 PMCID: PMC8201395 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.683254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is one of the most common cancers, yet the molecular mechanisms underlying its onset and development have not yet been fully elucidated. Indeed, an in-depth understanding of the potential molecular mechanisms underlying HNSCC oncogenesis may aid the development of better treatment strategies. Recent epigenetic studies have revealed that the m6A RNA modification plays important roles in HNSCC. In this review, we summarize the role of m6A modification in various types of HNSCC, including thyroid, nasopharyngeal, hypopharyngeal squamous cell, and oral carcinoma. In addition, we discuss the regulatory roles of m6A in immune cells within the tumor microenvironment, as well as the potential molecular mechanisms. Finally, we review the development of potential targets for treating cancer based on the regulatory functions of m6A, with an aim to improving targeted therapies for HNSCC. Together, this review highlights the important roles that m6A modification plays in RNA synthesis, transport, and translation, and demonstrates that the regulation of m6A-related proteins can indirectly affect mRNA and ncRNA function, thus providing a novel strategy for reengineering intrinsic cell activity and developing simpler interventions to treat HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Yang Jing
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Department of Dental Implant Center, Stomatologic Hospital & College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Li-Ming Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Department of Dental Implant Center, Stomatologic Hospital & College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yu-Jie Ning
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Department of Dental Implant Center, Stomatologic Hospital & College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiao-Juan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Department of Dental Implant Center, Stomatologic Hospital & College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - You-Ming Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Department of Dental Implant Center, Stomatologic Hospital & College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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12
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Establishment and Characterization of a Cell Line (S-RMS1) Derived from an Infantile Spindle Cell Rhabdomyosarcoma with SRF-NCOA2 Fusion Transcript. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115484. [PMID: 34067464 PMCID: PMC8196948 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Spindle cell rhabdomyosarcoma (S-RMS) is a rare tumor that was previously considered as an uncommon variant of embryonal RMS (ERMS) and recently reclassified as a distinct RMS subtype with NCOA2, NCOA1, and VGLL2 fusion genes. In this study, we established a cell line (S-RMS1) derived from a four-month-old boy with infantile spindle cell RMS harboring SRF-NCOA2 gene fusion. Methods: Morphological and molecular characteristics of S-RMS1 were analyzed and compared with two RMS cell lines, RH30 and RD18. Whole genome sequencing of S-RMS1 and clinical exome sequencing of genomic DNA were performed. Results: S-RMS1 showed cells small in size, with a fibroblast-like morphology and positivity for MyoD-1, myogenin, desmin, and smooth muscle actin. The population doubling time was 3.7 days. Whole genome sequencing demonstrated that S-RMS1 retained the same genetic profile of the tumor at diagnosis. A Western blot analysis showed downregulation of AKT-p and YAP-p while RT-qPCR showed upregulation of endoglin and GATA6 as well as downregulation of TGFßR1 and Mef2C transcripts. Conclusion: This is the first report of the establishment of a cell line from an infantile spindle cell RMS with SRF-NCOA2 gene fusion. S-RMS1 should represent a useful tool for the molecular characterization of this rare and almost unknown tumor.
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Kagiyama Y, Fujita S, Shima Y, Yamagata K, Katsumoto T, Nakagawa M, Honma D, Adachi N, Araki K, Kato A, Inaki K, Ono Y, Fukuhara S, Kobayashi Y, Tobinai K, Kitabayashi I. CDKN1C-mediated growth inhibition by an EZH1/2 dual inhibitor overcomes resistance of mantle cell lymphoma to ibrutinib. Cancer Sci 2021; 112:2314-2324. [PMID: 33792119 PMCID: PMC8177787 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare subtype of non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma, which is characterized by overexpression of cyclin D1. Although novel drugs, such as ibrutinib, show promising clinical outcomes, relapsed MCL often acquires drug resistance. Therefore, alternative approaches for refractory and relapsed MCL are needed. Here, we examined whether a novel inhibitor of enhancer of zeste homologs 1 and 2 (EZH1/2), OR‐S1 (a close analog of the clinical‐stage compound valemetostat), had an antitumor effect on MCL cells. In an ibrutinib‐resistant MCL patient–derived xenograft (PDX) mouse model, OR‐S1 treatment by oral administration significantly inhibited MCL tumor growth, whereas ibrutinib did not. In vitro growth assays showed that compared with an established EZH2‐specific inhibitor GSK126, OR‐S1 had a marked antitumor effect on MCL cell lines. Furthermore, comprehensive gene expression analysis was performed using OR‐S1–sensitive or insensitive MCL cell lines and showed that OR‐S1 treatment modulated B‐cell activation, differentiation, and cell cycle. In addition, we identified Cyclin Dependent Kinase Inhibitor 1C (CDKN1C, also known as p57, KIP2), which contributes to cell cycle arrest, as a direct target of EZH1/2 and showed that its expression influenced MCL cell proliferation. These results suggest that EZH1/2 may be a potential novel target for the treatment of aggressive ibrutinib‐resistant MCL via CDKN1C‐mediated cell cycle arrest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Kagiyama
- Division of Haematological Malignancy, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shuhei Fujita
- Division of Haematological Malignancy, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yutaka Shima
- Division of Haematological Malignancy, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazutsune Yamagata
- Division of Haematological Malignancy, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takuo Katsumoto
- Division of Haematological Malignancy, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Nakagawa
- Division of Haematological Malignancy, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Honma
- Oncology Research Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Adachi
- Oncology Research Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazushi Araki
- Oncology Research Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ayako Kato
- Discovery Science and Technology Department, Daiichi Sankyo RD Novare Co., Ltd, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koichiro Inaki
- Discovery Science and Technology Department, Daiichi Sankyo RD Novare Co., Ltd, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshimasa Ono
- Discovery Science and Technology Department, Daiichi Sankyo RD Novare Co., Ltd, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Suguru Fukuhara
- Department of Haematology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukio Kobayashi
- Department of Haematology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kensei Tobinai
- Department of Haematology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Issay Kitabayashi
- Division of Haematological Malignancy, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
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Singh M, Kumar V, Sehrawat N, Yadav M, Chaudhary M, Upadhyay SK, Kumar S, Sharma V, Kumar S, Dilbaghi N, Sharma AK. Current paradigms in epigenetic anticancer therapeutics and future challenges. Semin Cancer Biol 2021; 83:422-440. [PMID: 33766649 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Any alteration at the genetic or epigenetic level, may result in multiplex of diseases including tumorigenesis which ultimately results in the cancer development. Restoration of the normal epigenome by reversing the epigenetic alterations have been reported in tumors paving the way for development of an effective epigenetic treatment in cancer. However, delineating various epigenetic events has been a challenging task so far despite substantial progress in understanding DNA methylation and histone modifications during transcription of genes. Many inhibitors in the form of epigenetic drugs mostly targeting chromatin and histone modifying enzymes including DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) enzyme inhibitors and a histone deacetylases (HDACs) inhibitor, have been in use subsequent to the approval by FDA for cancer treatment. Similarly, other inhibitory drugs, such as FK228, suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) and MS-275, have been successfully tested in clinical studies. Despite all these advancements, still we see a hazy view as far as a promising epigenetic anticancer therapy is concerned. The challenges are to have more specific and effective inhibitors with negligible side effects. Moreover, the alterations seen in tumors are not well understood for which one has to gain deeper insight into the tumor pathology as well. Current review focusses on such epigenetic alterations occurring in cancer and the effective strategies to utilize such alterations for potential therapeutic use and treatment in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala, 133207, Haryana, India
| | - Vikas Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala, 133207, Haryana, India
| | - Nirmala Sehrawat
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala, 133207, Haryana, India
| | - Mukesh Yadav
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala, 133207, Haryana, India
| | - Mayank Chaudhary
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala, 133207, Haryana, India
| | - Sushil K Upadhyay
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala, 133207, Haryana, India
| | - Sunil Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala, 133207, Haryana, India
| | - Varruchi Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Guru Gobind Singh College Sector-26, Chandigarh, UT, 160019, India
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Department of Bio& Nanotechnology, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar, Haryana, 125001, India
| | - Neeraj Dilbaghi
- Department of Bio& Nanotechnology, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar, Haryana, 125001, India
| | - Anil K Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala, 133207, Haryana, India.
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Olaya-C M, Ayala-Ramirez P, Sanchez-Barbero AI, Guzmán-P SL, Gil F, Silva JL, Bernal JE. Protein and genetic expression of CDKN1C and IGF2 and clinical features related to human umbilical cord length. J Perinat Med 2021; 49:229-236. [PMID: 32364515 DOI: 10.1515/jpm-2019-0442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Umbilical cord (UC) abnormalities are related to neurological outcome and death; specific molecular factors that might be involved are, as yet, unknown; however, protein-coding genes insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1C (CDKN1C) have been identified as potential candidates. METHODS An analytical observational study was carried out. Newborn UCs were collected, along with their clinical and morphological features. Immunohistochemical analysis was made on paraffin-embedded sections and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was performed in fresh UC tissue for the assessment of gene expression. RESULTS A total of 100 newborns were included. A significant association was found between long UC and prematurity [odds ratio (OR) 9] and long UC and respiratory distress (OR 4.04). Gestational diabetes (OR 8.55) and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) (OR 4.71) were found to be related to short UCs. The frequency for abnormal UC length was higher than expected. UC length was positively correlated with maternal, newborn and placental weight. No statistical association was found between IGF2 and CDKN1C (p57) expression and UC length; however, there was a tendency for higher CDKN1C expression in short UCs, while, on the contrary, higher IGF2 expression for long UCs. CONCLUSION UC length was observed to be associated with maternal and newborn complications. Protein expression, messenger RNA (mRNA) activity and the activity of said genes seem to be related to UC length.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes Olaya-C
- Associate Professor, Department of Pathology, The Medical School, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana - Hospital Universitario San Ignacio, Kra 7 40-62, Bogota, Colombia
| | - Paola Ayala-Ramirez
- Institute of Human Genetics, The Medical School, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogota, Colombia
| | - Ana I Sanchez-Barbero
- Pontificia Universidad Javeriana - Department of Resident of Human Genetics, Hospital Universitario San Ignacio, Bogota, Colombia
| | - Sandra L Guzmán-P
- Pontificia Universidad Javeriana - Department of Pathology Resident, Hospital Universitario San Ignacio, Bogota, Colombia
| | - Fabian Gil
- Universidad Javeriana, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Bogota, Colombia
| | - Jaime L Silva
- Pontificia Universidad Javeriana - San Ignacio University Hospital, Bogota, Colombia
| | | | - Jaime E Bernal
- Facultad de Salud, Universidad del Sinu, Cartagena, Colombia
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Buocikova V, Rios-Mondragon I, Pilalis E, Chatziioannou A, Miklikova S, Mego M, Pajuste K, Rucins M, Yamani NE, Longhin EM, Sobolev A, Freixanet M, Puntes V, Plotniece A, Dusinska M, Cimpan MR, Gabelova A, Smolkova B. Epigenetics in Breast Cancer Therapy-New Strategies and Future Nanomedicine Perspectives. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E3622. [PMID: 33287297 PMCID: PMC7761669 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12123622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic dysregulation has been recognized as a critical factor contributing to the development of resistance against standard chemotherapy and to breast cancer progression via epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Although the efficacy of the first-generation epigenetic drugs (epi-drugs) in solid tumor management has been disappointing, there is an increasing body of evidence showing that epigenome modulation, in synergy with other therapeutic approaches, could play an important role in cancer treatment, reversing acquired therapy resistance. However, the epigenetic therapy of solid malignancies is not straightforward. The emergence of nanotechnologies applied to medicine has brought new opportunities to advance the targeted delivery of epi-drugs while improving their stability and solubility, and minimizing off-target effects. Furthermore, the omics technologies, as powerful molecular epidemiology screening tools, enable new diagnostic and prognostic epigenetic biomarker identification, allowing for patient stratification and tailored management. In combination with new-generation epi-drugs, nanomedicine can help to overcome low therapeutic efficacy in treatment-resistant tumors. This review provides an overview of ongoing clinical trials focusing on combination therapies employing epi-drugs for breast cancer treatment and summarizes the latest nano-based targeted delivery approaches for epi-drugs. Moreover, it highlights the current limitations and obstacles associated with applying these experimental strategies in the clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verona Buocikova
- Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 9, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia; (V.B.); (S.M.); (A.G.)
| | - Ivan Rios-Mondragon
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, University of Bergen, Aarstadveien 19, 5009 Bergen, Norway; (I.R.-M.); (M.R.C.)
| | - Eleftherios Pilalis
- e-NIOS Applications Private Company, Alexandrou Pantou 25, 17671 Kallithea, Greece; (E.P.); (A.C.)
- Center of Systems Biology, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Aristotelis Chatziioannou
- e-NIOS Applications Private Company, Alexandrou Pantou 25, 17671 Kallithea, Greece; (E.P.); (A.C.)
- Center of Systems Biology, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Svetlana Miklikova
- Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 9, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia; (V.B.); (S.M.); (A.G.)
| | - Michal Mego
- 2nd Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University and National Cancer Institute, Klenova 1, 833 10 Bratislava, Slovakia;
| | - Karlis Pajuste
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles str. 21, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia; (K.P.); (M.R.); (A.S.); (A.P.)
| | - Martins Rucins
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles str. 21, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia; (K.P.); (M.R.); (A.S.); (A.P.)
| | - Naouale El Yamani
- Health Effects Laboratory, NILU-Norwegian Institute for Air Research, 2007 Kjeller, Norway; (N.E.Y.); (E.M.L.); (M.D.)
| | - Eleonora Marta Longhin
- Health Effects Laboratory, NILU-Norwegian Institute for Air Research, 2007 Kjeller, Norway; (N.E.Y.); (E.M.L.); (M.D.)
| | - Arkadij Sobolev
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles str. 21, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia; (K.P.); (M.R.); (A.S.); (A.P.)
| | - Muriel Freixanet
- Vall d Hebron, Institut de Recerca (VHIR), 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (M.F.); (V.P.)
| | - Victor Puntes
- Vall d Hebron, Institut de Recerca (VHIR), 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (M.F.); (V.P.)
- Institut Català de Nanosciència i Nanotecnologia (ICN2), Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), 08010 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aiva Plotniece
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles str. 21, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia; (K.P.); (M.R.); (A.S.); (A.P.)
| | - Maria Dusinska
- Health Effects Laboratory, NILU-Norwegian Institute for Air Research, 2007 Kjeller, Norway; (N.E.Y.); (E.M.L.); (M.D.)
| | - Mihaela Roxana Cimpan
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, University of Bergen, Aarstadveien 19, 5009 Bergen, Norway; (I.R.-M.); (M.R.C.)
| | - Alena Gabelova
- Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 9, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia; (V.B.); (S.M.); (A.G.)
| | - Bozena Smolkova
- Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 9, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia; (V.B.); (S.M.); (A.G.)
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Creff J, Besson A. Functional Versatility of the CDK Inhibitor p57 Kip2. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:584590. [PMID: 33117811 PMCID: PMC7575724 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.584590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The cyclin/CDK inhibitor p57Kip2 belongs to the Cip/Kip family, with p21Cip1 and p27Kip1, and is the least studied member of the family. Unlike the other family members, p57Kip2 has a unique role during embryogenesis and is the only CDK inhibitor required for embryonic development. p57Kip2 is encoded by the imprinted gene CDKN1C, which is the gene most frequently silenced or mutated in the genetic disorder Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS), characterized by multiple developmental anomalies. Although initially identified as a cell cycle inhibitor based on its homology to other Cip/Kip family proteins, multiple novel functions have been ascribed to p57Kip2 in recent years that participate in the control of various cellular processes, including apoptosis, migration and transcription. Here, we will review our current knowledge on p57Kip2 structure, regulation, and its diverse functions during development and homeostasis, as well as its potential implication in the development of various pathologies, including cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justine Creff
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire du Contrôle de la Prolifération, Centre de Biologie Intégrative, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Arnaud Besson
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire du Contrôle de la Prolifération, Centre de Biologie Intégrative, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
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18
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Amjad E, Asnaashari S, Sokouti B, Dastmalchi S. Systems biology comprehensive analysis on breast cancer for identification of key gene modules and genes associated with TNM-based clinical stages. Sci Rep 2020; 10:10816. [PMID: 32616754 PMCID: PMC7331704 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-67643-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC), as one of the leading causes of death among women, comprises several subtypes with controversial and poor prognosis. Considering the TNM (tumor, lymph node, metastasis) based classification for staging of breast cancer, it is essential to diagnose the disease at early stages. The present study aims to take advantage of the systems biology approach on genome wide gene expression profiling datasets to identify the potential biomarkers involved at stage I, stage II, stage III, and stage IV as well as in the integrated group. Three HER2-negative breast cancer microarray datasets were retrieved from the GEO database, including normal, stage I, stage II, stage III, and stage IV samples. Additionally, one dataset was also extracted to test the developed predictive models trained on the three datasets. The analysis of gene expression profiles to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) was performed after preprocessing and normalization of data. Then, statistically significant prioritized DEGs were used to construct protein-protein interaction networks for the stages for module analysis and biomarker identification. Furthermore, the prioritized DEGs were used to determine the involved GO enrichment and KEGG signaling pathways at various stages of the breast cancer. The recurrence survival rate analysis of the identified gene biomarkers was conducted based on Kaplan-Meier methodology. Furthermore, the identified genes were validated not only by using several classification models but also through screening the experimental literature reports on the target genes. Fourteen (21 genes), nine (17 genes), eight (10 genes), four (7 genes), and six (8 genes) gene modules (total of 53 unique genes out of 63 genes with involving those with the same connectivity degree) were identified for stage I, stage II, stage III, stage IV, and the integrated group. Moreover, SMC4, FN1, FOS, JUN, and KIF11 and RACGAP1 genes with the highest connectivity degrees were in module 1 for abovementioned stages, respectively. The biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions were demonstrated for outcomes of GO analysis and KEGG pathway assessment. Additionally, the Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that 33 genes were found to be significant while considering the recurrence-free survival rate as an alternative to overall survival rate. Furthermore, the machine learning calcification models show good performance on the determined biomarkers. Moreover, the literature reports have confirmed all of the identified gene biomarkers for breast cancer. According to the literature evidence, the identified hub genes are highly correlated with HER2-negative breast cancer. The 53-mRNA signature might be a potential gene set for TNM based stages as well as possible therapeutics with potentially good performance in predicting and managing recurrence-free survival rates at stages I, II, III, and IV as well as in the integrated group. Moreover, the identified genes for the TNM-based stages can also be used as mRNA profile signatures to determine the current stage of the breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Amjad
- Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Solmaz Asnaashari
- Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Babak Sokouti
- Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Siavoush Dastmalchi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- School of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Xu W, Yan Z, Hu F, Wei W, Yang C, Sun Z. Long non-coding RNA GAS5 accelerates oxidative stress in melanoma cells by rescuing EZH2-mediated CDKN1C downregulation. Cancer Cell Int 2020; 20:116. [PMID: 32308561 PMCID: PMC7146881 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01167-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The significance of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in mediating oxidative stress of cancers has been implicated recently. This study proposed a potential therapeutic target lncRNA growth arrest-specific transcript 5 (GAS5) for melanoma, due to its crucial role in oxidative stress and apoptosis of melanoma cells by regulating the enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2)-mediated CDKN1C expression. Methods The lncRNA GAS5 expression pattern was examined in melanoma tissues and cells. The correlation of lncRNA GAS5, EZH2, and CDKN1C with survival rate of melanoma patients was analyzed. In melanoma cell lines, lncRNA GAS5 expression was overexpressed or knocked down to clarify its effects on cell viability, apoptosis, and oxidative stress. The interaction between lncRNA GAS5 and EZH2 was examined by RIP and RNA pull-down assays followed by verification of the target relationship between EZH2 and CDKN1C. Results High expression of EZH2 and poor expression of lncRNA GAS5 and CDKN1C was observed in melanoma tissues and found to be correlated with the reduction in survival expectancy of melanoma patients. Overexpression of lncRNA GAS5 or CDKN1C or EZH2 knockdown could inhibit cell viability but enhance melanoma cell apoptosis and oxidative stress. Importantly, lncRNA GAS5 attenuated EZH2 expression by recruiting E2F4 to the EZH2 promoter region and knockdown of EZH2 upregulated CDKN1C expression by inhibiting the H3K27me3. Conclusion The evidence provided by our study highlighted the involvement of lncRNA GAS5 in the translational suppression of EZH2 as well as the upregulation of CDKN1C, resulting in the promotion of melanoma cell apoptosis and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xu
- 1Department of Dermatology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, 441021 People's Republic of China
| | - Zeqiang Yan
- 2Department of Gastroenterology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, 441021 People's Republic of China
| | - Fen Hu
- 3Department of Oncology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Dongjin District, Xiangyang, 441021 People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wei
- 3Department of Oncology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Dongjin District, Xiangyang, 441021 People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Yang
- 3Department of Oncology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Dongjin District, Xiangyang, 441021 People's Republic of China
| | - Zhihua Sun
- 3Department of Oncology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Dongjin District, Xiangyang, 441021 People's Republic of China
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20
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Ma A, Stratikopoulos E, Park KS, Wei J, Martin TC, Yang X, Schwarz M, Leshchenko V, Rialdi A, Dale B, Lagana A, Guccione E, Parekh S, Parsons R, Jin J. Discovery of a first-in-class EZH2 selective degrader. Nat Chem Biol 2020; 16:214-222. [PMID: 31819273 PMCID: PMC6982609 DOI: 10.1038/s41589-019-0421-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) is the main enzymatic subunit of the PRC2 complex, which catalyzes trimethylation of histone H3 lysine 27 (H3K27me3) to promote transcriptional silencing. EZH2 is overexpressed in multiple types of cancer including triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), and high expression levels correlate with poor prognosis. Several EZH2 inhibitors, which inhibit the methyltransferase activity of EZH2, have shown promise in treating sarcoma and follicular lymphoma in clinics. However, EZH2 inhibitors are ineffective at blocking proliferation of TNBC cells, even though they effectively reduce the H3K27me3 mark. Using a hydrophobic tagging approach, we generated MS1943, a first-in-class EZH2 selective degrader that effectively reduces EZH2 levels in cells. Importantly, MS1943 has a profound cytotoxic effect in multiple TNBC cells, while sparing normal cells, and is efficacious in vivo, suggesting that pharmacologic degradation of EZH2 can be advantageous for treating the cancers that are dependent on EZH2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anqi Ma
- Mount Sinai Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Elias Stratikopoulos
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kwang-Su Park
- Mount Sinai Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jieli Wei
- Mount Sinai Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tiphaine C Martin
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xiaobao Yang
- Mount Sinai Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Megan Schwarz
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Violetta Leshchenko
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alexander Rialdi
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Brandon Dale
- Mount Sinai Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alessandro Lagana
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Institute for Next Generation Healthcare, Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ernesto Guccione
- Mount Sinai Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Samir Parekh
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ramon Parsons
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Jian Jin
- Mount Sinai Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
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21
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Mollah SA, Subramaniam S. Histone Signatures Predict Therapeutic Efficacy in Breast Cancer. IEEE OPEN JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1:74-82. [PMID: 32412527 PMCID: PMC7207876 DOI: 10.1109/ojemb.2020.2967105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Regulatory abnormalities caused by chromatin modifications are being increasingly recognized as contributors to cancer. While many molecularly targeted drugs have the potential to revert these modifications, their precise mechanism of action in cellular reprogramming is not known. Methods: To address this, we introduce an integrated phosphoprotein-histone-drug network (iPhDNet) approach to generate “global chromatin fingerprints of histone signatures.” The method integrates proteomic/phosphoproteomic, transcriptomic and regulatory genomic data to provide a causal mechanistic network and histone signatures of drug response. Results: We demonstrate the utility of iPhDNet in identifying H3K27me3K36me3 histone mark as a key fingerprint of response, mediated by chromatin remodelers BRD4, NSD3, EZH2, and a proto-oncogene MYC when treated with CDK inhibitors. Conclusions: We construct a regulatory network of breast cancer response to treatment and show that histone H3K27me3K36me3 status changes, driven by the BRD4/MYC pathway, upon treatment with drugs are hallmarks of response to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamim A Mollah
- 11Bioinformatics & Systems Biology ProgramThe University of California San DiegoLa JollaCA92093USA
| | - Shankar Subramaniam
- 33Departments of Bioengineering, Cellular & Molecular Medicine and Computer Science & EngineeringThe University of California San DiegoLa JollaCA92093USA
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22
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Li W, Bi C, Han Y, Tian T, Wang X, Bao H, Xu X, Zhang X, Liu L, Zhang W, Gao H, Wang H, Zhang H, Meng B, Wang X, Fu K. Targeting EZH1/2 induces cell cycle arrest and inhibits cell proliferation through reactivation of p57 CDKN1C and TP53INP1 in mantle cell lymphoma. Cancer Biol Med 2019; 16:530-541. [PMID: 31565482 PMCID: PMC6743615 DOI: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2018.0380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To explore the effect of dysregulation of epigenetic regulator EZH1 and EZH2 on the proliferation in MCL and the underlying mechanisms. Methods In this study, we elucidated the role of EZH1 and EZH2 overexpression by immunohistochemistry and correlated them to clinical outcome in 41 MCL patients. Quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot were applied to confirm the level of EZH1 and EZH2 in well-characterized MCL cell lines which were compared to those of naïve B cells. Then we manipulated the expression of EZH1 and EZH2 in MCL cells using CRISPR/Cas9 system to directly investigate their functional roles in MCL. We also evaluated the effect of two small molecule selective inhibitors, EPZ005687 and UNC1999, on MCL cell proliferation, cell cycle distribution and apoptosis in vitro. Finally, we performed RNA-sequencing (RNA-Seq) and Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay to further gain insight into the underlying molecular mechanisms. Results We found that EZH2 protein is overexpressed in approximately half of this cohort of MCL cases. More importantly, the overexpression of EZH2 is associated with poor OS in the patients. Nevertheless, simple EZH2 depletion in vitro has little impact on the viability of MCL cells, predominantly because of the consequent up-regulation of EZH1. Consistently, UNC1999, a dual EZH1/2 inhibitor, unlike the EZH2 selective inhibitor EPZ005687, exerts a potent inhibitory effect on MCL cells. Furthermore, we discover CDKN1C and TP53INP1 as the two important cell cycle regulators, the expression of which are repressed by EZH1/2 mediated epigenetic regulation and are restored by EZH1/2 dual inhibition. Conclusions Our study suggests that EZH2 participates in the pathogenesis of MCL which may serve as a potential biomarker for prognosis prediction. The dual inhibition of EZH1/2 is a promising therapeutic strategy for MCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Department of Lymphoma.,Department of Pathology, Sino-US Center for Lymphoma and Leukemia Research, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China.,Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha 68198, USA
| | - Chengfeng Bi
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha 68198, USA
| | - Yating Han
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Tian Tian
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha 68198, USA
| | | | - Huijing Bao
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Xiaoying Xu
- Department of Pathology, Sino-US Center for Lymphoma and Leukemia Research, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
| | | | | | - Weiwei Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha 68198, USA
| | - Hai Gao
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Huaqing Wang
- Cancer Center, Tianjin Union Hospital, Tianjin 300121, China
| | | | - Bin Meng
- Department of Pathology, Sino-US Center for Lymphoma and Leukemia Research, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Xi Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Kai Fu
- Department of Lymphoma.,Department of Pathology, Sino-US Center for Lymphoma and Leukemia Research, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China.,Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha 68198, USA
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23
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Qiu Z, Zhu W, Meng H, Tong L, Li X, Luo P, Yi L, Zhang X, Guo L, Wei T, Zhang J. CDYL promotes the chemoresistance of small cell lung cancer by regulating H3K27 trimethylation at the CDKN1C promoter. Am J Cancer Res 2019; 9:4717-4729. [PMID: 31367252 PMCID: PMC6643436 DOI: 10.7150/thno.33680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Chemoresistance frequently occurs in patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and leads to a dismal prognosis. However, the mechanisms underlying this process remain largely unclear. Methods: The effects of chromodomain Y-like (CDYL) on chemoresistance in SCLC were determined using Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, cell counting kit-8 assays, flow cytometry, and tumorigenicity experiments, and the underlying mechanisms were investigated using mRNA sequencing, chromatin immunoprecipitation-qPCR, electrophoretic mobility shift assays, co-immunoprecipitation, GST pull down assays, bisulfite sequencing PCR, ELISA, and bioinformatics analyses. Results: CDYL is expressed at high levels in chemoresistant SCLC tissues from patients, and elevated CDYL levels correlate with an advanced clinical stage and a poor prognosis. Furthermore, CDYL expression is significantly upregulated in chemoresistant SCLC cells. Using gain- and loss-of-function methods, we show that CDYL promotes chemoresistance in SCLC in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, CDYL promotes SCLC chemoresistance by silencing its downstream mediator cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1C (CDKN1C). Further mechanistic investigations showed that CDYL recruits the enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) to regulate trimethylation of lysine 27 in histone 3 (H3K27me3) at the CDKN1C promoter region and promotes transcriptional silencing. Accordingly, the EZH2 inhibitor GSK126 de-represses CDKN1C and decreases CDYL-induced chemoresistance in SCLC. Principal conclusions: Based on these results, the CDYL/EZH2/CDKN1C axis promotes chemoresistance in SCLC, and these markers represent promising therapeutic targets for overcoming chemoresistance in patients with SCLC.
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24
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Kosalai ST, Morsy MHA, Papakonstantinou N, Mansouri L, Stavroyianni N, Kanduri C, Stamatopoulos K, Rosenquist R, Kanduri M. EZH2 upregulates the PI3K/AKT pathway through IGF1R and MYC in clinically aggressive chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. Epigenetics 2019; 14:1125-1140. [PMID: 31216925 PMCID: PMC6773411 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2019.1633867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
EZH2 is overexpressed in poor-prognostic chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) cases, acting as an oncogene; however, thus far, the EZH2 target genes in CLL have not been disclosed. In this study, using ChIP-sequencing, we identified EZH2 and H3K27me3 target genes in two prognostic subgroups of CLL with distinct prognosis and outcome, i.e., cases with unmutated (U-CLL, n = 6) or mutated IGHV genes (M-CLL, n = 6). While the majority of oncogenic pathways were equally enriched for EZH2 target genes in both prognostic subgroups, PI3K pathway genes were differentially bound by EZH2 in U-CLL versus M-CLL. The occupancy of EZH2 for selected PI3K pathway target genes was validated in additional CLL samples (n = 16) and CLL cell lines using siRNA-mediated EZH2 downregulation and ChIP assays. Intriguingly, we found that EZH2 directly binds to the IGF1R promoter along with MYC and upregulates IGF1R expression in U-CLL, leading to downstream PI3K activation. By investigating an independent CLL cohort (n = 96), a positive correlation was observed between EZH2 and IGF1R expression with higher levels in U-CLL compared to M-CLL. Accordingly, siRNA-mediated downregulation of either EZH2, MYC or IGF1R and treatment with EZH2 and MYC pharmacological inhibitors in the HG3 CLL cell line induced a significant reduction in PI3K pathway activation. In conclusion, we characterize for the first time EZH2 target genes in CLL revealing a hitherto unknown implication of EZH2 in modulating the PI3K pathway in a non-canonical, PRC2-independent way, with potential therapeutic implications considering that PI3K inhibitors are effective therapeutic agents for CLL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subazini Thankaswamy Kosalai
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg , Gothenburg , Sweden
| | | | - Nikos Papakonstantinou
- Institute of Applied Biosciences, Center for Research and Technology Hellas , Thessaloniki , Greece
| | - Larry Mansouri
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Niki Stavroyianni
- Hematology Department and HCT Unit, G. Papanicolaou Hospital , Thessaloniki , Greece
| | - Chandrasekhar Kanduri
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg , Gothenburg , Sweden
| | - Kostas Stamatopoulos
- Institute of Applied Biosciences, Center for Research and Technology Hellas , Thessaloniki , Greece
| | - Richard Rosenquist
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Meena Kanduri
- Department of Clinical chemistry and Transfusion medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital , Gothenburg , Sweden
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25
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FEZF1-AS1: a novel vital oncogenic lncRNA in multiple human malignancies. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20191202. [PMID: 31175144 PMCID: PMC6591563 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20191202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (LncRNAs) refer to the RNA with a length of >200 nucleotides, which lack or have no open reading coding frame and have higher tissue and organ specificity compared with the protein coding genes. A surging number of studies have shown that lncRNA is involved in numerous essential regulatory processes, such as X chromosome silencing, genomic imprinting, chromatin modification, transcriptional activation, transcriptional interference and nuclear transport, which are closely related to the occurrence and development of human malignancies. FEZ family Zinc Finger 1-Antisense RNA 1 (FEZF1-AS1) of FEZ family is a recently discovered lncRNA. FEZF1-AS1 is highly expressed in pancreatic cancer, colorectal cancer, lung adenocarcinoma and other human malignancies, and is associated with poor prognosis. As an oncogene, it plays crucial role in the proliferation, migration, invasion and Warburg effect of various tumor cells. In addition, FEZF1-AS1 is also involved in the regulation of multiple signal pathways such as epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and Wnt/ β-catenin. In this paper, the recent research progress of FEZF1-AS1 in tumorigenesis and development is reviewed systematically.
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26
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Hong F, Zhao M, Zhang L, Feng L. Inhibition of Ezh2 In Vitro and the Decline of Ezh2 in Developing Midbrain Promote Dopaminergic Neurons Differentiation Through Modifying H3K27me3. Stem Cells Dev 2019; 28:649-658. [PMID: 30887911 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2018.0258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic modifications play an important role in neural development. Trimethylated histone H3 at lysine 27 (H3K27me3) is a repressive epigenetic marker that mediates tissue development. In this study, we demonstrate that H3K27me3 and histone methyl transferase Ezh2 regulated the development of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in vitro and in vivo. We found that H3K27me3 increased during differentiation of ventral midbrain-derived neural stem cells (VM-NSCs). However, histone demethylase selective inhibitor GSK-J1 increased H3K27me3 level and decreased the expression of tyrosine hydroxylase. Treated with Ezh2-selective inhibitor EPZ005687 repressed the trimethylation of H3K27 and enhanced differentiation of DA neurons in VM-NSCs cultures. Furthermore, Ezh2 inhibition promoted the expression of DA neurons developmental-related factors by modifying H3K27 trimethylation on the relevant promoter regions. Moreover, the effect of Ezh2 inhibition-mediated DA neurons differentiation was blocked by the expression of shRNA specific for Nurr1. In vivo, Ezh2 decreased and resulted in a reduction of H3K27me3 in developing midbrain. Deletion of Ezh2 by RNA interference approach promoted differentiation of DA neurons during midbrain development. Overexpression of Ezh2 enhanced cell self-renewal and did not affect differentiation of DA neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Hong
- 1 CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Department of Neuropharmacology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,2 Department of Neuropharmacology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mengxue Zhao
- 1 CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Department of Neuropharmacology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,2 Department of Neuropharmacology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- 1 CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Department of Neuropharmacology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Linyin Feng
- 1 CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Department of Neuropharmacology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,2 Department of Neuropharmacology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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27
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Wang P, Karakose E, Liu H, Swartz E, Ackeifi C, Zlatanic V, Wilson J, González BJ, Bender A, Takane KK, Ye L, Harb G, Pagliuca F, Homann D, Egli D, Argmann C, Scott DK, Garcia-Ocaña A, Stewart AF. Combined Inhibition of DYRK1A, SMAD, and Trithorax Pathways Synergizes to Induce Robust Replication in Adult Human Beta Cells. Cell Metab 2019; 29:638-652.e5. [PMID: 30581122 PMCID: PMC6402958 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2018.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Small-molecule inhibitors of dual-specificity tyrosine-regulated kinase 1A (DYRK1A) induce human beta cells to proliferate, generating a labeling index of 1.5%-3%. Here, we demonstrate that combined pharmacologic inhibition of DYRK1A and transforming growth factor beta superfamily (TGFβSF)/SMAD signaling generates remarkable further synergistic increases in human beta cell proliferation (average labeling index, 5%-8%, and as high as 15%-18%), and increases in both mouse and human beta cell numbers. This synergy reflects activation of cyclins and cdks by DYRK1A inhibition, accompanied by simultaneous reductions in key cell-cycle inhibitors (CDKN1C and CDKN1A). The latter results from interference with the basal Trithorax- and SMAD-mediated transactivation of CDKN1C and CDKN1A. Notably, combined DYRK1A and TGFβ inhibition allows preservation of beta cell differentiated function. These beneficial effects extend from normal human beta cells and stem cell-derived human beta cells to those from people with type 2 diabetes, and occur both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wang
- Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Esra Karakose
- Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Hongtao Liu
- Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Ethan Swartz
- Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Courtney Ackeifi
- Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Viktor Zlatanic
- Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Jessica Wilson
- Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Bryan J González
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Aaron Bender
- Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Karen K Takane
- Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Lillian Ye
- Semma Therapeutics, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - George Harb
- Semma Therapeutics, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | | | - Dirk Homann
- Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Dieter Egli
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Carmen Argmann
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Donald K Scott
- Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Adolfo Garcia-Ocaña
- Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Andrew F Stewart
- Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
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28
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Diagnostic utility of epigenetics in breast cancer - A review. Cancer Treat Res Commun 2019; 19:100125. [PMID: 30802811 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctarc.2019.100125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic alterations are clearly involved in cancer initiation and progression as recent epigenetic studies of genomic DNA, histone modifications and micro-RNA alterations suggest that these are playing an important role in the incidence of breast cancer. Epigenetic information has recently gained the attention of researchers because epigenetic modification of the genome in breast cancer is still an evolving area for researchers. Several active compounds present in foods, poisons, drugs, and industrial chemicals may as a result of epigenetic mechanisms increase or decrease the risk of breast cancer. Epigenetic regulation is critical in normal growth and development and closely conditions the transcriptional potential of genes. Epigenetic mechanisms convey genomic adaption to an environment thereby ultimately contributing towards given phenotype. In addition to the use of epigenetic alterations as a means of screening, epigenetic alterations in a tumor or adjacent tissues or peripheral blood may also help clinicians in determining prognosis and treatment of breast cancer. As we understand specific epigenetic alterations contributing to breast tumorigenesis and prognosis, these discoveries will lead to significant advances for breast cancer treatment, like in therapeutics that target methylation and histone modifications in breast cancer and the newer versions of the drugs are likely to play an important role in future clinical treatment.
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29
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Andresini O, Rossi MN, Matteini F, Petrai S, Santini T, Maione R. The long non-coding RNA Kcnq1ot1 controls maternal p57 expression in muscle cells by promoting H3K27me3 accumulation to an intragenic MyoD-binding region. Epigenetics Chromatin 2019; 12:8. [PMID: 30651140 PMCID: PMC6334472 DOI: 10.1186/s13072-019-0253-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The cell-cycle inhibitor p57kip2 plays a critical role in mammalian development by coordinating cell proliferation and differentiation in many cell types. p57kip2 expression is finely regulated by several epigenetic mechanisms, including paternal imprinting. Kcnq1ot1, a long non-coding RNA (LncRNA), whose gene maps to the p57Kip2 imprinting domain, is expressed exclusively from the paternal allele and participates in the cis-silencing of the neighboring imprinted genes through chromatin-level regulation. In light of our previous evidence of a functional interaction between myogenic factors and imprinting control elements in the regulation of the maternal p57Kip2 allele during muscle differentiation, we examined the possibility that also Kcnq1ot1 could play an imprinting-independent role in the control of p57Kip2 expression in muscle cells. RESULTS We found that Kcnq1ot1 depletion by siRNA causes the upregulation of the maternal and functional p57Kip2 allele during differentiation, suggesting a previously undisclosed role for this LncRNA. Consistently, Chromatin Oligo-affinity Precipitation assays showed that Kcnq1ot1 physically interacts not only with the paternal imprinting control region of the locus, as already known, but also with both maternal and paternal alleles of a novel p57Kip2 regulatory region, located intragenically and containing two binding sites for the muscle-specific factor MyoD. Moreover, chromatin immunoprecipitation assays after Kcnq1ot1 depletion demonstrated that the LncRNA is required for the accumulation of H3K27me3, a chromatin modification catalyzed by the histone-methyl-transferase EZH2, at the maternal p57kip2 intragenic region. Finally, upon differentiation, the binding of MyoD to this region and its physical interaction with Kcnq1ot1, analyzed by ChIP and RNA immunoprecipitation assays, correlate with the loss of EZH2 and H3K27me3 from chromatin and with p57Kip2 de-repression. CONCLUSIONS These findings highlight the existence of an imprinting-independent role of Kcnq1ot1, adding new insights into the biology of a still mysterious LncRNA. Moreover, they expand our knowledge about the molecular mechanisms underlying the tight and fine regulation of p57Kip2 during differentiation and, possibly, its aberrant silencing observed in several pathologic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oriella Andresini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Marianna Nicoletta Rossi
- Rheumatology Unit, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital (IRCCS), Viale di S. Paolo 15, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Matteini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Petrai
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Tiziana Santini
- Center for Life Nano Science@Sapienza, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Rossella Maione
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy.
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30
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Qiao E, Chen D, Li Q, Feng W, Yu X, Zhang X, Xia L, Jin J, Yang H. Long noncoding RNA TALNEC2 plays an oncogenic role in breast cancer by binding to EZH2 to target p57 KIP2 and involving in p-p38 MAPK and NF-κB pathways. J Cell Biochem 2018; 120:3978-3988. [PMID: 30378143 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to investigate the potential role and regulatory mechanism of long noncoding RNA tumor-associated lncRNA expressed in chromosome 2 (TALNEC2) in breast cancer. The expression of TALNEC2 in breast cancer tissues and cells were investigated. MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells were transfected with small interfering RNA (siRNA) duplexes for targeting TALNEC2 (si-TALNEC2), enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2; si-EZH2) and p57KIP2 (si-p57 KIP2 ), and their corresponding controls (si-NC). The viability, colony forming ability, cell cycle, apoptosis, and autophagy of transfected cells were assessed. The expressions of p-p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) pathway-related proteins were investigated. The results showed that TALNEC2 was highly expressed in breast cancer tissues and cells. Knockdown of TALNEC2 significantly inhibited the malignant behaviors of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells, including inhibiting cell viability and colony forming, arresting cell cycle at G0/G1 phase, inducing cell apoptosis, and promoting cell autophagy. EZH2 was a TALNEC2 binding protein, which was upregulated in breast cancer tissues and cells and could negatively regulate p57 KIP2 . Effects of TALNEC2 knockdown on malignant behaviors of MCF-7 cells were reversed by p57 KIP2 knockdown. The expressions of p-p38, RelA, and RelB in MCF-7 cells were decreased after knockdown of TALNEC2 or EZH2, which were reversed by knockdown of p57 KIP2 concurrently. In conclusion, TALNEC2 may play an oncogenic role in breast cancer by binding to EZH2 to target p57 KIP2 . Activation of p-p38 MAPK and NF-κB pathways may be key mechanisms mediating the oncogenic role of TALNEC2 in breast cancer. TALNEC2 may serve as a promising target in the therapy of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enqi Qiao
- Department of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Daobao Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qinglin Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weiliang Feng
- Department of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xingfei Yu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiping Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liang Xia
- Department of Cerebral Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ju Jin
- Department of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hongjian Yang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
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31
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Zheng Q, Fan H, Meng Z, Yuan L, Liu C, Peng Y, Zhao W, Wang L, Li J, Feng J. Histone demethylase KDM2B promotes triple negative breast cancer proliferation by suppressing p15INK4B, p16INK4A, and p57KIP2 transcription. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2018; 50:897-904. [PMID: 30060056 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmy084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
H3K4me3 and H3K36me2 histone demethylase KDM2B is an epigenetic regulatory factor involved in cell proliferation in numerous cells including breast cancer cells, however, the regulatory mechanism of KDM2B in cell proliferation of breast cancer cells, specifically in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), remains largely unknown. In this study, we showed that higher expression level of KDM2B was associated with poor prognosis in TNBC. Using cell proliferation assay, we found that KDM2B promoted TNBC cell proliferation by suppressing the transcription of the cell cycle inhibitors p15INK4B, p16INK4A, and p57KIP2. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assay results showed that KDM2B bound to the promoters of these genes and thereby reduced the H3K4me3 and H3K36me2 levels, leading to the suppression of gene transcription in a histone demethylation activity-dependent manner. Silencing of p15INK4B, p16INK4A, and p57KIP2 in TNBC cells was shown to restore the promoting effect of KDM2B on TNBC cell proliferation. The present study reveals a novel cell regulatory mechanism through which KDM2B promotes TNBC cell proliferation by binding to the promoters of p15INK4B, p16INK4A, and p57KIP2, which reduces H3K4me3 and H3K36me2 levels to suppress gene transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingping Zheng
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Central Laboratory, Southern Medical University Affiliated Fengxian Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongjia Fan
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Central Laboratory, Southern Medical University Affiliated Fengxian Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenzhen Meng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Central Laboratory, Jinzhou Medical University Affiliated Fengxian Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Yuan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Central Laboratory, Southern Medical University Affiliated Fengxian Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Cuicui Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Central Laboratory, Southern Medical University Affiliated Fengxian Hospital, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital South Campus, Shanghai, China
| | - You Peng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Central Laboratory, Southern Medical University Affiliated Fengxian Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiwei Zhao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Central Laboratory, Southern Medical University Affiliated Fengxian Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Lulu Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Central Laboratory, Southern Medical University Affiliated Fengxian Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Central Laboratory, Southern Medical University Affiliated Fengxian Hospital, Shanghai, China
- Joint Research Center for Precision Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University & Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital South Campus, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Feng
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Central Laboratory, Southern Medical University Affiliated Fengxian Hospital, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital South Campus, Shanghai, China
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32
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Dominguez Gutierrez G, Xin Y, Okamoto H, Kim J, Lee AH, Ni M, Adler C, Yancopoulos GD, Murphy AJ, Gromada J. Gene Signature of Proliferating Human Pancreatic α Cells. Endocrinology 2018; 159:3177-3186. [PMID: 30010845 DOI: 10.1210/en.2018-00469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic α cells proliferate at a low rate, and little is known about the control of this process. Here we report the characterization of human α cells by large-scale, single-cell RNA sequencing coupled with pseudotime ordering. We identified two large subpopulations and a smaller cluster of proliferating α cells with increased expression of genes involved in cell-cycle regulation. The proliferating α cells were differentiated, had normal levels of GCG expression, and showed no signs of cellular stress. Proliferating α cells were detected in both the G1S and G2M phases of the cell cycle. Human α cells proliferate at a fivefold higher rate than human β cells and express lower levels of the cell-cycle inhibitors CDKN1A and CDKN1C. Collectively, this study provides the gene signatures of human α cells and the genes involved in their cell division. The lower expression of two cell-cycle inhibitors in human α cells could account for their higher rate of proliferation compared with their insulin-producing counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yurong Xin
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, New York
| | | | - Jinrang Kim
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, New York
| | - Ann-Hwee Lee
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, New York
| | - Min Ni
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, New York
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López-Nieva P, Fernández-Navarro P, Vaquero-Lorenzo C, Villa-Morales M, Graña-Castro O, Cobos-Fernández MÁ, López-Lorenzo JL, Llamas P, González-Sanchez L, Sastre I, Pollan M, Malumbres M, Santos J, Fernández-Piqueras J. RNA-Seq reveals the existence of a CDKN1C-E2F1-TP53 axis that is altered in human T-cell lymphoblastic lymphomas. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:430. [PMID: 29661169 PMCID: PMC5902834 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4304-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Precursor T-cell lymphoblastic lymphomas (T-LBL) are rare aggressive hematological malignancies that mainly develop in children. As in other cancers, the loss of cell cycle control plays a prominent role in the pathogenesis in these malignancies that is primarily attributed to loss of CDKN2A (encoding protein p16INK4A). However, the impact of the deregulation of other genes such as CDKN1C, E2F1, and TP53 remains to be clarified. Interestingly, experiments in mouse models have proven that conditional T-cell specific deletion of Cdkn1c gene may induce a differentiation block at the DN3 to DN4 transition, and that the loss of this gene in the absence of Tp53 led to aggressive thymic lymphomas. Results In this manuscript, we demonstrated that the simultaneous deregulation of CDKN1C, E2F1, and TP53 genes by epigenetic mechanisms and/or the deregulation of specific microRNAs, together with additional impairing of TP53 function by the expression of dominant-negative isoforms are common features in primary human T-LBLs. Conclusions Previous experimental work in mice revealed that T-cell specific deletion of Cdkn1c accelerates lymphomagenesis in the absence of Tp53. If, as expected, the consequences of the deregulation of the CDKN1C-E2F1-TP53 axis were the same as those experimentally demonstrated in mouse models, the disruption of this axis might be useful to predict tumor aggressiveness, and to provide the basis towards the development of potential therapeutic strategiesin human T-LBL. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-018-4304-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar López-Nieva
- Department of Cellular Biology and Immunology, Severo Ochoa Molecular Biology Center (CBMSO), CSIC-Madrid Autonomous University, 28049, Madrid, Spain.,Institute of Health Research, Jiménez Díaz Foundation, Madrid, Spain.,Consortium for Biomedical Research in Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Fernández-Navarro
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain.,Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Concepción Vaquero-Lorenzo
- Department of Cellular Biology and Immunology, Severo Ochoa Molecular Biology Center (CBMSO), CSIC-Madrid Autonomous University, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Villa-Morales
- Department of Cellular Biology and Immunology, Severo Ochoa Molecular Biology Center (CBMSO), CSIC-Madrid Autonomous University, 28049, Madrid, Spain.,Institute of Health Research, Jiménez Díaz Foundation, Madrid, Spain.,Consortium for Biomedical Research in Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Osvaldo Graña-Castro
- Bioinformatics Unit, Structural Biology and Biocomputing Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Center (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - María Ángeles Cobos-Fernández
- Department of Cellular Biology and Immunology, Severo Ochoa Molecular Biology Center (CBMSO), CSIC-Madrid Autonomous University, 28049, Madrid, Spain.,Institute of Health Research, Jiménez Díaz Foundation, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Pilar Llamas
- Institute of Health Research, Jiménez Díaz Foundation, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura González-Sanchez
- Department of Cellular Biology and Immunology, Severo Ochoa Molecular Biology Center (CBMSO), CSIC-Madrid Autonomous University, 28049, Madrid, Spain.,Institute of Health Research, Jiménez Díaz Foundation, Madrid, Spain.,Consortium for Biomedical Research in Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Sastre
- Department of Cellular Biology and Immunology, Severo Ochoa Molecular Biology Center (CBMSO), CSIC-Madrid Autonomous University, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marina Pollan
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain.,Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marcos Malumbres
- Cell Division and Cancer Group, Molecular Oncology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Santos
- Department of Cellular Biology and Immunology, Severo Ochoa Molecular Biology Center (CBMSO), CSIC-Madrid Autonomous University, 28049, Madrid, Spain. .,Institute of Health Research, Jiménez Díaz Foundation, Madrid, Spain. .,Consortium for Biomedical Research in Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain.
| | - José Fernández-Piqueras
- Department of Cellular Biology and Immunology, Severo Ochoa Molecular Biology Center (CBMSO), CSIC-Madrid Autonomous University, 28049, Madrid, Spain. .,Institute of Health Research, Jiménez Díaz Foundation, Madrid, Spain. .,Consortium for Biomedical Research in Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain.
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34
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Chen G, Subedi K, Chakraborty S, Sharov A, Lu J, Kim J, Mi X, Wersto R, Sung MH, Weng NP. Ezh2 Regulates Activation-Induced CD8 + T Cell Cycle Progression via Repressing Cdkn2a and Cdkn1c Expression. Front Immunol 2018; 9:549. [PMID: 29632530 PMCID: PMC5879148 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Transition from resting to cell cycle in response to antigenic stimulation is an essential step for naïve CD8+ T cells to differentiate to effector and memory cells. Leaving the resting state requires dramatic changes of chromatin status in the key cell cycle inhibitors but the details of these concerted events are not fully elucidated. Here, we showed that Ezh2, an enzymatic component of polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) catalyzing the trimethylation of lysine 27 on histone 3 (H3K27me3), regulates activation induced naïve CD8+ T cells proliferation and apoptosis. Upon deletion of Ezh2 during thymocyte development (Ezh2fl/flCd4Cre+ mice), naive CD8+ T cells displayed impaired proliferation and increased apoptosis in response to antigen stimulation. However, naive CD8+ T cells only had impaired proliferation but no increase in apoptosis when Ezh2 was deleted after activation (Ezh2fl/flGzmBCre+ mice), suggesting cell cycle and apoptosis are temporally separable events controlled by Ezh2. We then showed that deletion of Ezh2 resulted in the increase in expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors Cdkn2a (p16 and Arf) and Cdkn1c (p57) in activated naïve CD8+ T cells as the consequence of reduced levels of H3K27me3 at these two gene loci. Finally, with real time imaging, we observed prolonged cell division times of naïve CD8+ T cells in the absence of Ezh2 post in vitro stimulation. Together, these findings reveal that repression of Cdkn1c and Cdkn2a by Ezh2 plays a critical role in execution of activation-induced CD8+ T cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guobing Chen
- Lymphocyte Differentiation Section, Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Immunology, National Institute on Aging (NIH), Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Kalpana Subedi
- Lymphocyte Differentiation Section, Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Immunology, National Institute on Aging (NIH), Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Sayantan Chakraborty
- Transcription Systems Dynamics and Biology Unit, Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Immunology, National Institute on Aging (NIH), Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Alexie Sharov
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging (NIH), Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Jian Lu
- Lymphocyte Differentiation Section, Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Immunology, National Institute on Aging (NIH), Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Jaekwan Kim
- Lymphocyte Differentiation Section, Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Immunology, National Institute on Aging (NIH), Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Xiaofan Mi
- Lymphocyte Differentiation Section, Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Immunology, National Institute on Aging (NIH), Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Robert Wersto
- Flow Cytometry Unit, National Institute on Aging (NIH), Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Myong-Hee Sung
- Transcription Systems Dynamics and Biology Unit, Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Immunology, National Institute on Aging (NIH), Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Nan-Ping Weng
- Lymphocyte Differentiation Section, Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Immunology, National Institute on Aging (NIH), Baltimore, MD, United States
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35
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Li X, Ruan X, Zhang P, Yu Y, Gao M, Yuan S, Zhao Z, Yang J, Zhao L. TBX3 promotes proliferation of papillary thyroid carcinoma cells through facilitating PRC2-mediated p57KIP2 repression. Oncogene 2018; 37:2773-2792. [DOI: 10.1038/s41388-017-0090-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2017] [Revised: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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36
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Sun Y, Jin SD, Zhu Q, Han L, Feng J, Lu XY, Wang W, Wang F, Guo RH. Long non-coding RNA LUCAT1 is associated with poor prognosis in human non-small lung cancer and regulates cell proliferation via epigenetically repressing p21 and p57 expression. Oncotarget 2018; 8:28297-28311. [PMID: 28423699 PMCID: PMC5438651 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been recognized as playing key roles in regulating cellular processes, such as proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. These lncRNAs have been shown to be abnormally expressed in tumorigenic processes. However, the role and clinical relevance of LUCAT1 in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remain unclear. In this study, we found that the expression of LUCAT1 was significantly up-regulated in NSCLC tissues compared to non-tumor tissues, and its expression was associated with tumor size, tumor–node–metastasis (TNM) stage and overall survival (OS). Further experiments showed that LUCAT1 knockdown inhibited cell proliferation both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistic investigations showed that LUCAT1 plays a key role in G0/G1 arrest. We further demonstrated that LUCAT1 was associated with polycomb repressor complexes (PRC2) and that this association was required for epigenetically repression of p21 and p57, thus contributing to the regulation of NSCLC cell cycle and proliferation. In summary, our results show that LUCAT1 could regulate tumorigenesis of NSCLC and be biomarker for poor prognosis in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Sun
- Department of Oncology, Yancheng Third People's Hospital, The Affiliated Yanchen Hospital of Southeast University Medicine College, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shi-Dai Jin
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Quan Zhu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liang Han
- Department of Oncology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Xuzhou Hospital, College of Medicine, Southeast University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Oncology, Yancheng Third People's Hospital, The Affiliated Yanchen Hospital of Southeast University Medicine College, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Feng
- Department of Oncology, Yancheng Third People's Hospital, The Affiliated Yanchen Hospital of Southeast University Medicine College, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Oncology, Jiangsu Shengze Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xi-Yi Lu
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ren-Hua Guo
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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37
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GSK3β inactivation promotes the oncogenic functions of EZH2 and enhances methylation of H3K27 in human breast cancers. Oncotarget 2018; 7:57131-57144. [PMID: 27494834 PMCID: PMC5302978 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
During the process of tumorigenesis, inactivation of tumor suppressors is a critical step. EZH2, a histone methyltransferase, promotes cell growth and migration through catalyzing trimethylation of histone H3 at Lys 27 (H3K27me3) and plays an important role in tumorigenesis. Its expression can be controlled by phosphorylation. However, the regulation of EZH2 activity by tumor suppressor kinase is not well understood. In this study, we show that glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3β) negatively regulates H3K27 trimethylation. We also validate that GSKβ physically interacts with EZH2, and their interaction occurs in the cytosol. GSK3β phosphorylates EZH2 at Ser363 and Thr367 in vitro, and activating GSK3β upregulates Thr367 phosphorylationin vivo. Cells expressing GSK3β-non-phosphorylatable mutant EZH2 have higher H3K27 trimethylation and enhanced ability of cell migration and anchorage-independent growth. Inactivation of GSK3β as measured by its phosphorylation at Ser9 is positively correlated with higher level of H3K27 trimethylation in tumor tissues from breast cancer patients. Our study indicated that GSK3β phosphorylates EZH2 at Ser363 and Thr367, resulting in reduced H3K27 trimethylation and biological activity of EZH2 in breast cancer.
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38
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Zhang E, Yin D, Han L, He X, Si X, Chen W, Xia R, Xu T, Gu D, De W, Guo R, Xu Z, Chen J. E2F1-induced upregulation of long noncoding RNA LINC00668 predicts a poor prognosis of gastric cancer and promotes cell proliferation through epigenetically silencing of CKIs. Oncotarget 2018; 7:23212-26. [PMID: 27036039 PMCID: PMC5029621 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been shown to have important regulatory roles in human cancer biology. By utilizing publicly available lncRNAs expression profiling data and integrating analyses, we screened out LINC00668, whose expression is significantly increased and correlated with outcomes in gastric cancer (GC). Further experiments revealed that LINC00668 knockdown significantly repressed proliferation, both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistic investigations showed that LINC00668 was a direct transcriptional target of E2F transcription factor 1 (E2F1). We further demonstrated that LINC00668 was associated with PRC2 and that this association was required for epigenetic repression of cyclin-dependent protein kinase inhibitors (CKIs), including p15, p16, p21, p27 and p57, thus contributing to the regulation of the gastric cancer cell cycle. Our results suggest that E2F1-activated LINC00668, as a cell cycle regulator, enriches the mechanistic link between lncRNA and the E2F1-mediated cell cycle regulation pathway and may serve as a candidate prognostic biomarker and target for new therapies in human gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erbao Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Dandan Yin
- Central Laboratory, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Liang Han
- Department of Oncology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Xuzhou Hospital, College of Medicine, Southeast University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Xuezhi He
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Xinxin Si
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Wenming Chen
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Rui Xia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Tongpeng Xu
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Dongying Gu
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Wei De
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Renhua Guo
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Zhi Xu
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Jinfei Chen
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
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39
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Van de Pette M, Abbas A, Feytout A, McNamara G, Bruno L, To WK, Dimond A, Sardini A, Webster Z, McGinty J, Paul EJ, Ungless MA, French PMW, Withers DJ, Uren A, Ferguson-Smith AC, Merkenschlager M, John RM, Fisher AG. Visualizing Changes in Cdkn1c Expression Links Early-Life Adversity to Imprint Mis-regulation in Adults. Cell Rep 2017; 18:1090-1099. [PMID: 28147266 PMCID: PMC5300902 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Revised: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Imprinted genes are regulated according to parental origin and can influence embryonic growth and metabolism and confer disease susceptibility. Here, we designed sensitive allele-specific reporters to non-invasively monitor imprinted Cdkn1c expression in mice and showed that expression was modulated by environmental factors encountered in utero. Acute exposure to chromatin-modifying drugs resulted in de-repression of paternally inherited (silent) Cdkn1c alleles in embryos that was temporary and resolved after birth. In contrast, deprivation of maternal dietary protein in utero provoked permanent de-repression of imprinted Cdkn1c expression that was sustained into adulthood and occurred through a folate-dependent mechanism of DNA methylation loss. Given the function of imprinted genes in regulating behavior and metabolic processes in adults, these results establish imprinting deregulation as a credible mechanism linking early-life adversity to later-life outcomes. Furthermore, Cdkn1c-luciferase mice offer non-invasive tools to identify factors that disrupt epigenetic processes and strategies to limit their long-term impact. Allele-specific expression of imprinted Cdkn1c imaged in vivo using bioluminescence Chromatin-modifying drugs applied in utero transiently de-repress Cdkn1c imprinting In utero exposure to low-protein diet permanently disrupts the Cdkn1c imprint Folate supplements during gestation protect against loss of Cdkn1c imprinting
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathew Van de Pette
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Allifia Abbas
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Amelie Feytout
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Gráinne McNamara
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Ludovica Bruno
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Wilson K To
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Andrew Dimond
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Alessandro Sardini
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Zoe Webster
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - James McGinty
- Photonics Group, Department of Physics, Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Eleanor J Paul
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Mark A Ungless
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Paul M W French
- Photonics Group, Department of Physics, Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Dominic J Withers
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Anthony Uren
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Anne C Ferguson-Smith
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EH, UK
| | - Matthias Merkenschlager
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Rosalind M John
- Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AX, UK
| | - Amanda G Fisher
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK.
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40
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Abstract
Multiple mechanisms of epigenetic control that include DNA methylation, histone modification, noncoding RNAs, and mitotic gene bookmarking play pivotal roles in stringent gene regulation during lineage commitment and maintenance. Experimental evidence indicates that bivalent chromatin domains, i.e., genome regions that are marked by both H3K4me3 (activating) and H3K27me3 (repressive) histone modifications, are a key property of pluripotent stem cells. Bivalency of developmental genes during the G1 phase of the pluripotent stem cell cycle contributes to cell fate decisions. Recently, some cancer types have been shown to exhibit partial recapitulation of bivalent chromatin modifications that are lost along with pluripotency, suggesting a mechanism by which cancer cells reacquire properties that are characteristic of undifferentiated, multipotent cells. This bivalent epigenetic control of oncofetal gene expression in cancer cells may offer novel insights into the onset and progression of cancer and may provide specific and selective options for diagnosis as well as for therapeutic intervention.
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41
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Fujimura N, Kuzelova A, Ebert A, Strnad H, Lachova J, Machon O, Busslinger M, Kozmik Z. Polycomb repression complex 2 is required for the maintenance of retinal progenitor cells and balanced retinal differentiation. Dev Biol 2017; 433:47-60. [PMID: 29137925 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2017.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Polycomb repressive complexes maintain transcriptional repression of genes encoding crucial developmental regulators through chromatin modification. Here we investigated the role of Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) in retinal development by inactivating its key components Eed and Ezh2. Conditional deletion of Ezh2 resulted in a partial loss of PRC2 function and accelerated differentiation of Müller glial cells. In contrast, inactivation of Eed led to the ablation of PRC2 function at early postnatal stage. Cell proliferation was reduced and retinal progenitor cells were significantly decreased in this mutant, which subsequently caused depletion of Müller glia, bipolar, and rod photoreceptor cells, primarily generated from postnatal retinal progenitor cells. Interestingly, the proportion of amacrine cells was dramatically increased at postnatal stages in the Eed-deficient retina. In accordance, multiple transcription factors controlling amacrine cell differentiation were upregulated. Furthermore, ChIP-seq analysis showed that these deregulated genes contained bivalent chromatin (H3K27me3+ H3K4me3+). Our results suggest that PRC2 is required for proliferation in order to maintain the retinal progenitor cells at postnatal stages and for retinal differentiation by controlling amacrine cell generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoko Fujimura
- Laboratory of Eye Biology, Division BIOCEV, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prumyslova 595, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Andrea Kuzelova
- Laboratory of Eye Biology, Division BIOCEV, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prumyslova 595, Vestec, Czech Republic; Laboratory of Transcriptional Regulation, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Anja Ebert
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP), Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Campus-Vienna-Biocenter 1, A-1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Hynek Strnad
- Laboratory of Genomics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Jitka Lachova
- Laboratory of Eye Biology, Division BIOCEV, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prumyslova 595, Vestec, Czech Republic; Laboratory of Transcriptional Regulation, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Machon
- Laboratory of Transcriptional Regulation, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Meinrad Busslinger
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP), Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Campus-Vienna-Biocenter 1, A-1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Zbynek Kozmik
- Laboratory of Eye Biology, Division BIOCEV, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prumyslova 595, Vestec, Czech Republic; Laboratory of Transcriptional Regulation, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, Prague 4, Czech Republic.
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42
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Wang H, Bender A, Wang P, Karakose E, Inabnet WB, Libutti SK, Arnold A, Lambertini L, Stang M, Chen H, Kasai Y, Mahajan M, Kinoshita Y, Fernandez-Ranvier G, Becker TC, Takane KK, Walker LA, Saul S, Chen R, Scott DK, Ferrer J, Antipin Y, Donovan M, Uzilov AV, Reva B, Schadt EE, Losic B, Argmann C, Stewart AF. Insights into beta cell regeneration for diabetes via integration of molecular landscapes in human insulinomas. Nat Commun 2017; 8:767. [PMID: 28974674 PMCID: PMC5626682 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-00992-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Although diabetes results in part from a deficiency of normal pancreatic beta cells, inducing human beta cells to regenerate is difficult. Reasoning that insulinomas hold the “genomic recipe” for beta cell expansion, we surveyed 38 human insulinomas to obtain insights into therapeutic pathways for beta cell regeneration. An integrative analysis of whole-exome and RNA-sequencing data was employed to extensively characterize the genomic and molecular landscape of insulinomas relative to normal beta cells. Here, we show at the pathway level that the majority of the insulinomas display mutations, copy number variants and/or dysregulation of epigenetic modifying genes, most prominently in the polycomb and trithorax families. Importantly, these processes are coupled to co-expression network modules associated with cell proliferation, revealing candidates for inducing beta cell regeneration. Validation of key computational predictions supports the concept that understanding the molecular complexity of insulinoma may be a valuable approach to diabetes drug discovery. Diabetes results in part from a deficiency of functional pancreatic beta cells. Here, the authors study the genomic and epigenetic landscapes of human insulinomas to gain insight into possible pathways for therapeutic beta cell regeneration, highlighting epigenetic genes and pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Wang
- The Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and The Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,The Graduate School, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Sema4, a Mount Sinai venture, Stamford, CT, 06902, USA
| | - Aaron Bender
- The Graduate School, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,The Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism Institute, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Peng Wang
- The Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism Institute, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Esra Karakose
- The Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism Institute, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - William B Inabnet
- The Department of Surgery, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Steven K Libutti
- The Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Andrew Arnold
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
| | - Luca Lambertini
- The Departments of Environmental Medicine and Public Health and Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Micheal Stang
- The Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Herbert Chen
- The Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA
| | - Yumi Kasai
- The New York Genome Center, New York, NY, 10013, USA
| | - Milind Mahajan
- The Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and The Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Yayoi Kinoshita
- The Department of Pathology, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | | | - Thomas C Becker
- The Sarah W. Stedman Center for Nutrition and Metabolism, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Karen K Takane
- The Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism Institute, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Laura A Walker
- The Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism Institute, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Shira Saul
- The Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism Institute, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Rong Chen
- The Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and The Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Sema4, a Mount Sinai venture, Stamford, CT, 06902, USA
| | - Donald K Scott
- The Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism Institute, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Jorge Ferrer
- The Department of Genetics in Medicine, Imperial College, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Yevgeniy Antipin
- The Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and The Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Sema4, a Mount Sinai venture, Stamford, CT, 06902, USA
| | - Michael Donovan
- The Department of Pathology, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Andrew V Uzilov
- The Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and The Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Sema4, a Mount Sinai venture, Stamford, CT, 06902, USA
| | - Boris Reva
- The Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and The Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Eric E Schadt
- The Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and The Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Sema4, a Mount Sinai venture, Stamford, CT, 06902, USA
| | - Bojan Losic
- The Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and The Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Carmen Argmann
- The Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and The Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Andrew F Stewart
- The Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism Institute, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
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43
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Lai IL, Yang CA, Lin PC, Chan WL, Lee YT, Yen JC, Chang YS, Chang JG. Long noncoding RNA MIAT promotes non-small cell lung cancer proliferation and metastasis through MMP9 activation. Oncotarget 2017; 8:98148-98162. [PMID: 29228680 PMCID: PMC5716720 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play crucial roles in carcinogenesis. Myocardial infarction-associated transcript (MIAT), originally isolated as a candidate gene for myocardial infarction, has been found to act as an oncogene in chronic lymphocytic leukaemias and neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC); however, little is known about its expression pattern, biological function, and underlying mechanism in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In this study, we observed that MIAT expression was upregulated in NSCLC, and its overexpression was associated with advanced tumor stage. Moreover, MIAT knockdown decreased cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and cell cycle arrested in G1 phase. Mechanistic investigation revealed that MIAT could interact with histone methyltransferase mixed-lineage leukemia (MLL). MIAT silencing impeded the binding of MLL on the matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) promoter region and epigenetically reduced MMP9 transcriptional activity. Overall, our findings suggest that MIAT expression is associated with NSCLC and may be one of the critical targets in progression and metastasis in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Lu Lai
- Epigenome Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Enginerring, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chin-An Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Division of General Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chin Lin
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ling Chan
- Epigenome Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Enginerring, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ting Lee
- Epigenome Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ju-Chen Yen
- Epigenome Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Sian Chang
- Epigenome Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jan-Gowth Chang
- Epigenome Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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44
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Xiao H, Bao L, Xiao W, Ruan H, Song Z, Qu Y, Chen K, Zhang X, Yang H. Long non-coding RNA Lucat1 is a poor prognostic factor and demonstrates malignant biological behavior in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Oncotarget 2017; 8:113622-113634. [PMID: 29371934 PMCID: PMC5768351 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 07/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Many long intergenic noncoding RNAs (lincRNAs) are encoded in the human genome. However, their biological functions, molecular mechanisms and prognostic values associated with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) have yet to be elucidated. Methods We screened the lncRNAs’ profile in ccRCC from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, and selected Lucat1 for further study. MTS, colony formation assay and transwell assay were performed to examine the effect of Lucat1 on proliferation and metastasis of ccRCC. The Chip and Rip assay was performed to verify that Lucat1 can bind to polycomb PRC2 complex and suppress p57 expression. Results In this study, we found that lncRNA Lucat1 expression was significantly up regulated in tumor tissues compared to matched adjacent non-tumor tissues. The Lucat1 expression level was also associated with grade, the clinical pathological stage and the survival time. Functional assays showed that Lucat1 can promote renal cancer cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. Further analysis showed that Lucat1 can bind to polycomb PRC2 complex and suppress p57 expression. Conclusions Taken together, our results suggest that Lucat1, as a regulator of proliferation, may serve as a candidate prognostic biomarker and target for novel therapies in human ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibing Xiao
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.,Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Lin Bao
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Wen Xiao
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Hailong Ruan
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Zhengshuai Song
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yan Qu
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Ke Chen
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Xiaoping Zhang
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Hongmei Yang
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
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45
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Jin S, Chen S, Ma Y, Yang B, Liu Y. LincRNA FEZF1-AS1 contributes to the proliferation of LAD cells by silencing p57 expression. Oncotarget 2017; 8:103004-103013. [PMID: 29262540 PMCID: PMC5732706 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
LincRNA FEZF1-AS1 has been identified to exert oncogenic functions in various biological processes of tumorigenesis. However, the function of FEZF1-AS1 in lung adenocarcinoma still remains unclear. Our findings revealed that FEZF1-AS1 was increased in lung adenocarcinoma tissues and cell lines and high level of FEZF1-AS1 was associated with poor prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma. Functional experiments and mechanistic investigations demonstrated that knockdown of FEZF1-AS1 significantly repressed proliferation through influencing the distribution of cell cycle. Besides, we also uncovered that FEZF1-AS1 could suppress p57 expression through recruiting EZH2 and LSD1 to the promoter of p57, thus influenced the cell cycle and proliferation. Collectively, our results suggested that FEZF1-AS1 was involved in the progression of lung adenocarcinoma and might be as a potential therapy target for human lung adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Jin
- Department of Thoracic surgery, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853 China
| | - Siyu Chen
- Department of Thoracic surgery, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853 China
| | - Yongfu Ma
- Department of Thoracic surgery, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853 China
| | - Bo Yang
- Department of Thoracic surgery, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853 China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Thoracic surgery, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853 China
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46
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Lian R, Ma H, Wu Z, Zhang G, Jiao L, Miao W, Jin Q, Li R, Chen P, Shi H, Yu W. EZH2 promotes cell proliferation by regulating the expression of RUNX3 in laryngeal carcinoma. Mol Cell Biochem 2017; 439:35-43. [PMID: 28795320 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-017-3133-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) is a highly conserved histone methyltransferase, which is overexpressed in different types of cancers such as breast and prostate cancer. It is reported that EZH2 can directly down-regulate RUNX3 by increasing histone H3 methylation. However, the role of EZH2 in the development and progression of laryngeal carcinoma has not yet been investigated, and the relationship between EZH2 and RUNX3 in laryngeal carcinoma is rarely reported. The current study aims to determine the role of EZH2 in the progression of laryngeal carcinoma, and investigate the interaction between EZH2 and the tumor suppressor RUNX3. Our study found that EZH2 is overexpressed in laryngeal carcinoma patients, and silencing EZH2 by EZH2 siRNA significantly inhibited the proliferation of laryngeal carcinoma cells. Besides, we also found that RUNX3 is repressed in laryngeal carcinoma patients. Moreover, RUNX3 as a downstream target protein of EZH2 is up-regulated by EZH2 siRNA accompanied by a decrease in the trimethylation modification pattern of H3K27. RUNX3 siRNA inhibits the decreased proliferation induced by EZH2 siRNA. Furthermore, β-catenin protein expression is down-regulated by EZH2 siRNA and up-regulated by RUNX3 siRNA, and RUNX3 siRNA inhibits the down-regulation effect of EZH2 siRNA on β-catenin protein expression. Additionally, the Wnt/β-catenin activator BIO reverses the inhibitory effect of EZH2 siRNA on Hep-2 cell proliferation. Taken together, our results suggest that EZH2 regulates cell proliferation potentially by targeting RUNX3 through the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in laryngeal carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Lian
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical College, No. 88 Healthy Road, Weihui, 453100, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Huimin Ma
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical College, No. 88 Healthy Road, Weihui, 453100, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyan Wu
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical College, No. 88 Healthy Road, Weihui, 453100, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Guozheng Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical College, No. 88 Healthy Road, Weihui, 453100, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Jiao
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical College, No. 88 Healthy Road, Weihui, 453100, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjie Miao
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical College, No. 88 Healthy Road, Weihui, 453100, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianqian Jin
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical College, No. 88 Healthy Road, Weihui, 453100, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruixue Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical College, No. 88 Healthy Road, Weihui, 453100, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical College, No. 88 Healthy Road, Weihui, 453100, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Haixu Shi
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical College, No. 88 Healthy Road, Weihui, 453100, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenfa Yu
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical College, No. 88 Healthy Road, Weihui, 453100, Henan, People's Republic of China.
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47
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Asxl1 deficiency in embryonic fibroblasts leads to cellular senescence via impairment of the AKT-E2F pathway and Ezh2 inactivation. Sci Rep 2017; 7:5198. [PMID: 28701722 PMCID: PMC5507898 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-05564-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Although ASXL1 mutations are frequently found in human diseases, including myeloid leukemia, the cell proliferation-associated function of ASXL1 is largely unknown. Here, we explored the molecular mechanism underlying the growth defect found in Asxl1-deficient mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs). We found that Asxl1, through amino acids 371 to 655, interacts with the kinase domain of AKT1. In Asxl1-null MEFs, IGF-1 was unable to induce AKT1 phosphorylation and activation; p27Kip1, which forms a ternary complex with ASXL1 and AKT1, therefore remained unphosphorylated. Hypophosphorylated p27Kip1 is able to enter the nucleus, where it prevents the phosphorylation of Rb; this ultimately leads to the down-regulation of E2F target genes as confirmed by microarray analysis. We also found that senescence-associated (SA) genes were upregulated and that SA β-gal staining was increased in Asxl1 -/- MEFs. Further, the treatment of an AKT inhibitor not only stimulated nuclear accumulation of p27Kip1 leading to E2F inactivation, but also promoted senescence. Finally, Asxl1 disruption augmented the expression of p16Ink4a as result of the defect in Asxl1-Ezh2 cooperation. Overall, our study provides the first evidence that Asxl1 both activates the AKT-E2F pathway and cooperates with Ezh2 through direct interactions at early embryonic stages, reflecting that Asxl1 disruption causes cellular senescence.
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48
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DNA Methyltransferase 1 Is Indispensable for Development of the Hippocampal Dentate Gyrus. J Neurosci 2017; 36:6050-68. [PMID: 27251626 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0512-16.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Development of the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) in the mammalian brain is achieved through multiple processes during late embryonic and postnatal stages, with each developmental step being strictly governed by extracellular cues and intracellular mechanisms. Here, we show that the maintenance DNA methyltransferase 1 (Dnmt1) is critical for development of the DG in the mouse. Deletion of Dnmt1 in neural stem cells (NSCs) at the beginning of DG development led to a smaller size of the granule cell layer in the DG. NSCs lacking Dnmt1 failed to establish proper radial processes or to migrate into the subgranular zone, resulting in aberrant neuronal production in the molecular layer of the DG and a reduction of integrated neurons in the granule cell layer. Interestingly, prenatal deletion of Dnmt1 in NSCs affected not only the developmental progression of the DG but also the properties of NSCs maintained into adulthood: Dnmt1-deficient NSCs displayed impaired neurogenic ability and proliferation. We also found that Dnmt1 deficiency in NSCs decreased the expression of Reelin signaling components in the developing DG and increased that of the cell cycle inhibitors p21 and p57 in the adult DG. Together, these findings led us to propose that Dnmt1 functions as a key regulator to ensure the proper development of the DG, as well as the proper status of NSCs maintained into adulthood, by modulating extracellular signaling and intracellular mechanisms. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Here, we provide evidence that Dnmt1 is required for the proper development of the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG). Deletion of Dnmt1 in neural stem cells (NSCs) at an early stage of DG development impaired the ability of NSCs to establish secondary radial glial scaffolds and to migrate into the subgranular zone of the DG, leading to aberrant neuronal production in the molecular layer, increased cell death, and decreased granule neuron production. Prenatal deletion of Dnmt1 in NSCs also induced defects in the proliferation and neurogenic ability of adult NSCs. Furthermore, we found that Dnmt1 regulates the expression of key extracellular signaling components during developmental stages while modulating intracellular mechanisms for proliferation and neuronal production of NSCs in the adult.
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Ru Y, Chen XJ, Zhao ZW, Zhang PF, Feng SH, Gao Q, Gao SG, Feng XS. CyclinD1 and p57 kip2 as biomarkers in differentiation, metastasis and prognosis of gastric cardia adenocarcinoma. Oncotarget 2017; 8:73860-73870. [PMID: 29088752 PMCID: PMC5650307 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aims to investigate the expression and significance of p57kip2 and cyclinD1 in gastric cardia adenocarcinoma (GCA). p57kip2 is a negative regulator in the cell cycle. On the contrary, cyclinD1 is a positive regulator of cell cycle progression. Methods Thirty-two cases of GCA tissues and adjacent non-cancerous tissues were collected for this study. Immunohistochemistry and fluorescence qualitative PCR was used to determine the level of p57kip2 and cyclinD1 in GCA and its adjacent non-cancerous tissues. Furthermore, the correlation between the mRNA/protein and GCA clinical pathologic parameters were analyzed, and the relationship of p57kip2 and cyclinD1 in GCA were also evaluated. Results The expression of p57kip2 significantly lower in GCA (P = 0.036), and there was a significant correlation in the different degrees of differentiation (P < 0.05). Furthermore, median survival time was 41 months for patients with high mRNA expression of p57kip2. This was longer compared to patients with low mRNA expression of P57kip2 (37 months, X2 = 4.788, P = 0.029).The expression of cyclinD1 was significantly higher in GCA(P = 0.002), and was significant correlated to clinical stage(P<0.05). Median survival time was 34 months in patients with high mRNA expression of cyclinD1, which was shorter than in patients with low expression of cyclinD1 mRNA (41 months, X2 = 4.071, P = 0.044). The protein expression of p57kip2 was not correlated to the protein expression of cyclinD1 (P = 0.55). Conclusion The expression of p57kip2 and cyclinD1 are likely to suppress or promote the tumorigenesis and progression of GCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Ru
- The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology , Luoyang, Henan 471003, China
| | - Xiao-Jie Chen
- Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology , Luoyang, Henan 471003, China
| | - Zhi-Wei Zhao
- The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology , Luoyang, Henan 471003, China
| | - Peng-Fei Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology , Luoyang, Henan 471003, China
| | - Shuai-Hao Feng
- The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology , Luoyang, Henan 471003, China
| | - Qiang Gao
- The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology , Luoyang, Henan 471003, China
| | - She-Gan Gao
- The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology , Luoyang, Henan 471003, China.,Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology , Luoyang, Henan 471003, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Henan University of Science and Technology , Luoyang, Henan 471003, China.,Cancer Institute, Henan University of Science and Technology , Luoyang, Henan 471003, China
| | - Xiao-Shan Feng
- The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology , Luoyang, Henan 471003, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Henan University of Science and Technology , Luoyang, Henan 471003, China.,Cancer Institute, Henan University of Science and Technology , Luoyang, Henan 471003, China
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Rizq O, Mimura N, Oshima M, Saraya A, Koide S, Kato Y, Aoyama K, Nakajima-Takagi Y, Wang C, Chiba T, Ma A, Jin J, Iseki T, Nakaseko C, Iwama A. Dual Inhibition of EZH2 and EZH1 Sensitizes PRC2-Dependent Tumors to Proteasome Inhibition. Clin Cancer Res 2017; 23:4817-4830. [PMID: 28490465 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-16-2735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Revised: 04/08/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: EZH2 and EZH1, the catalytic components of polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), trigger trimethylation of H3K27 (H3K27me3) to repress the transcription of target genes and are implicated in the pathogenesis of various cancers including multiple myeloma and prostate cancer. Here, we investigated the preclinical effects of UNC1999, a dual inhibitor of EZH2 and EZH1, in combination with proteasome inhibitors on multiple myeloma and prostate cancer.Experimental Design:In vitro and in vivo efficacy of UNC1999 and the combination with proteasome inhibitors was evaluated in multiple myeloma cell lines, primary patient cells, and in a xenograft model. RNA-seq and ChIP-seq were performed to uncover the targets of UNC1999 in multiple myeloma. The efficacy of the combination therapy was validated in prostate cancer cell lines.Results: Proteasome inhibitors repressed EZH2 transcription via abrogation of the RB-E2F pathway, thereby sensitizing EZH2-dependent multiple myeloma cells to EZH1 inhibition by UNC1999. Correspondingly, combination of proteasome inhibitors with UNC1999, but not with an EZH2-specific inhibitor, induced synergistic antimyeloma activity in vitro Bortezomib combined with UNC1999 remarkably inhibited the growth of myeloma cells in vivo Comprehensive analyses revealed several direct targets of UNC1999 including the tumor suppressor gene NR4A1 Derepression of NR4A1 by UNC1999 resulted in suppression of MYC, which was enhanced by the combination with bortezomib, suggesting the cooperative blockade of PRC2 function. Notably, this combination also exhibited strong synergy in prostate cancer cells.Conclusions: Our results identify dual inhibition of EZH2 and EZH1 together with proteasome inhibition as a promising epigenetics-based therapy for PRC2-dependent cancers. Clin Cancer Res; 23(16); 4817-30. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ola Rizq
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Naoya Mimura
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Cell Therapy, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan.
| | - Motohiko Oshima
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Atsunori Saraya
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shuhei Koide
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yuko Kato
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Aoyama
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yaeko Nakajima-Takagi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Changshan Wang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan.,College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Tetsuhiro Chiba
- Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Anqi Ma
- Departments of Pharmacological Sciences and Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Jian Jin
- Departments of Pharmacological Sciences and Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Tohru Iseki
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Cell Therapy, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Chiaki Nakaseko
- Department of Hematology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Atsushi Iwama
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan.
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