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Patel JR, Joel MZ, Lee KK, Kambala A, Cornman H, Oladipo O, Taylor M, Imo BU, Ma EZ, Manjunath J, Kollhoff AL, Deng J, Parthasarathy V, Cravero K, Marani M, Szeto M, Zhao R, Sankararaman S, Li R, Henry S, Pritchard T, Rebecca V, Kwatra MM, Ho WJ, Dong X, Kang S, Kwatra SG. Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Reveals Dysregulated POSTN+WNT5A+ Fibroblast Subclusters in Prurigo Nodularis. J Invest Dermatol 2024; 144:1568-1578.e5. [PMID: 38246584 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2023.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Prurigo nodularis (PN) is an intensely pruritic, inflammatory skin disease with a poorly understood pathogenesis. We performed single-cell transcriptomic profiling of 28,695 lesional and nonlesional PN cells. Lesional PN has increased dysregulated fibroblasts (FBs) and myofibroblasts. FBs in lesional PN were shifted toward a cancer-associated FB-like phenotype, with POSTN+WNT5A+ cancer-associated FBs increased in PN and similarly so in squamous cell carcinoma. A multicenter cohort study revealed an increased risk of squamous cell carcinoma and cancer-associated FB-associated malignancies (breast and colorectal) in patients with PN. Systemic fibroproliferative diseases (renal sclerosis and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis) were upregulated in patients with PN. Ligand-receptor analyses demonstrated an FB neuronal axis with FB-derived WNT5A and periostin interactions with neuronal receptors melanoma cell adhesion molecule and ITGAV. These findings identify a pathogenic and targetable POSTN+WNT5A+ FB subpopulation that may predispose cancer-associated FB-associated malignancies in patients with PN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay R Patel
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Marina Z Joel
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Kevin K Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Anusha Kambala
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Hannah Cornman
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Olusola Oladipo
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Matthew Taylor
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Brenda Umenita Imo
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Emily Z Ma
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jaya Manjunath
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Alexander L Kollhoff
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - June Deng
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Varsha Parthasarathy
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Karen Cravero
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Melika Marani
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Mindy Szeto
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Ryan Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Sreenidhi Sankararaman
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Ruixiang Li
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Shanae Henry
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Thomas Pritchard
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Vito Rebecca
- Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Madan M Kwatra
- Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Department of Pharmacology & Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Won Jin Ho
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Xinzhong Dong
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Center for Sensory Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Sewon Kang
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Shawn G Kwatra
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
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Yoshino Y, Teruya T, Miyamoto C, Hirose M, Endo S, Ikari A. Unraveling the Mechanisms Involved in the Beneficial Effects of Magnesium Treatment on Skin Wound Healing. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4994. [PMID: 38732212 PMCID: PMC11084488 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The skin wound healing process consists of hemostatic, inflammatory, proliferative, and maturation phases, with a complex cellular response by multiple cell types in the epidermis, dermis, and immune system. Magnesium is a mineral essential for life, and although magnesium treatment promotes cutaneous wound healing, the molecular mechanism and timing of action of the healing process are unknown. This study, using human epidermal-derived HaCaT cells and human normal epidermal keratinocyte cells, was performed to investigate the mechanism involved in the effect of magnesium on wound healing. The expression levels of epidermal differentiation-promoting factors were reduced by MgCl2, suggesting an inhibitory effect on epidermal differentiation in the remodeling stage of the late wound healing process. On the other hand, MgCl2 treatment increased the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP7), a cell migration-promoting factor, and enhanced cell migration via the MEK/ERK pathway activation. The enhancement of cell migration by MgCl2 was inhibited by MMP7 knockdown, suggesting that MgCl2 enhances cell migration which is mediated by increased MMP7 expression. Our results revealed that MgCl2 inhibits epidermal differentiation but promotes cell migration, suggesting that applying magnesium to the early wound healing process could be beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Akira Ikari
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu 501-1196, Japan; (Y.Y.); (T.T.); (C.M.); (M.H.); (S.E.)
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3
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Wang R, Yang L, Zhen Y, Li X, Huang S, Wen H, Sun Q. eIF4E plays the role of a pathogenic gene in psoriasis, and the inhibition of eIF4E phosphorylation ameliorates psoriasis-like skin damage. Exp Dermatol 2024; 33:e14997. [PMID: 38284198 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a complex inflammatory skin disease with uncertain pathogenesis. eIF4E (eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E) and its phosphorylation state p-eIF4E are highly expressed in psoriatic tissues. However, the role eIF4E played in psoriasis is still unclear. To investigate the function of eIF4E and p-eIF4E in psoriasis and to figure out whether eFT-508 (Tomivosertib, eIF4E phosphorylation inhibitor) can relieve the disease severity and become a promising candidate for the psoriasis treatment. We first verified the expression of eIF4E and p-eIF4E in psoriasis patients' lesional skin. Then, we demonstrated the effect of eIF4E and p-eIF4E on the abnormal proliferation and inflammatory state of keratinocytes by using eIF4E-specific small interfering RNA (si-eIF4E) and eFT-508. In this study, all cell experiments were performed under the psoriasis-model condition. Moreover, the external application of eFT-508 on imiquimod (IMQ)-induced psoriasis mice was performed to explore its potential clinical value. Results showed that eIF4E and p-eIF4E were significantly overexpressed in skin lesions of psoriasis patients. Knocking down eIF4E or adding eFT-508 can relieve the abnormal proliferation and the excessive inflammatory state of keratinocytes by reducing the expression of cyclin D1, IL-1β, CXCL10, IL23, Wnt 5a, NBS1 and p-AKT from mRNA or protein levels. Furthermore, these results were consistent with those obtained from the in vitro experiments. Then, we conclude that eIF4E plays the role of the pathogenic gene in psoriasis, and eFT-508 may be a promising candidate for anti-prosoriasis drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruijie Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Luan Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yunyue Zhen
- Department of Dermatology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xueqing Li
- Department of Dermatology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Shan Huang
- Department of Dermatology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - He Wen
- Department of Dermatology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Qing Sun
- Department of Dermatology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Moayedi F, Taghian F, Jalali Dehkordi K, Hosseini SA. Cumulative effects of exercise training and consumption of propolis on managing diabetic dyslipidemia in adult women: a single-blind, randomized, controlled trial with pre-post-intervention assessments. J Physiol Sci 2023; 73:17. [PMID: 37542207 DOI: 10.1186/s12576-023-00872-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
Dyslipidemia is an imbalance of various lipids, and propolis, as a natural resinous viscos mixture made by Apis mellifera L. could improve in this condition. In this single-blind, randomized trial, 60 women with type 2 diabetes and dyslipidemia were divided into four groups: (1) the patients who did not apply the combined training and 500 mg propolis capsules supplement (Control group); (2) subjects performed combined training, including aerobic and resistance training (EXR); (3) subjects received the 500 mg propolis supplement capsules (SUPP); (4) Subjects performed combined training along with receiving the 500 mg propolis supplement capsules (EXR + SUPP). We evaluated the concentration of CTRP12, SFRP5, interleukin-6 (IL6), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), adiponectin, and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) before and after the intervention. MDA, TAC, IL6, CTRP12, SFRP5 IL6, adiponectin, and lipid profile levels ameliorated in the EXR + SUPP group. We found that 8 weeks of treatment by combined exercise training and propolis supplement decreased inflammation activity and increased antioxidant defense in women with diabetic dyslipidemia.Trial registration This study was registered in the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials; IRCT code: IRCT20211229053561N1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Moayedi
- Department of Sports Physiology, School of Sports Sciences, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Taghian
- Department of Sports Physiology, School of Sports Sciences, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Khosro Jalali Dehkordi
- Department of Sports Physiology, School of Sports Sciences, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Seyed Ali Hosseini
- Department of Sports Physiology, Marvdasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht, Iran
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5
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Aberrant promoter methylation of Wnt inhibitory factor-1 gene is a potential target for treating psoriasis. Clin Immunol 2023; 250:109294. [PMID: 36925027 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2023.109294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease mediated by immune and complex genetic factors. The wingless-related integration site (Wnt) signaling pathway plays a critical role in psoriasis, but how the Wnt pathway is regulated in psoriatic skin and whether it can be exploited for therapeutic benefits is unclear. By comparing biopsies from healthy and psoriatic skin, we found that Wnt inhibitory factor 1 (WIF1), an inhibitor of Wnt signaling, showed reduced expression at both mRNA and protein levels in psoriatic skin. We then quantified methylation of the WIF1 gene promoter by DNA methylation sequencing and found that the WIF1 promoter region was hypermethylated. We further showed that recombinant WIF1 injection ameliorates the imiquimod (IMQ) mouse model of psoriasis. We also revealed that treatment with the DNA methylation inhibitor, decitabine, inhibited proliferation of immortalized human keratinocytes (HaCaT) in a psoriasis-like inflammatory environment. Finally, we applied decitabine to the IMQ mouse model and demonstrated that treatment of mice with decitabine ameliorates the disease. Therefore, our study reveals that methylation of the WIF1 gene is associated with the pathogenesis of psoriasis, and suggests that pharmacological targeting of DNA methylation is a potential treatment strategy for psoriasis.
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Patel JR, Joel MZ, Lee KK, Kambala A, Cornman H, Oladipo O, Taylor M, Deng J, Parthasarathy V, Cravero K, Marani M, Zhao R, Sankararam S, Li R, Pritchard T, Rebecca V, Kwatra MM, Ho WJ, Dong X, Kang S, Kwatra SG. Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals dysregulated fibroblast subclusters in prurigo nodularis. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.29.526050. [PMID: 36778229 PMCID: PMC9915465 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.29.526050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Prurigo nodularis (PN) is an intensely pruritic, chronic inflammatory skin disease that disproportionately affects black patients. However, the pathogenesis of PN is poorly understood. We performed single-cell transcriptomic profiling, ligand receptor analysis and cell trajectory analysis of 28,695 lesional and non-lesional PN skin cells to uncover disease-identifying cell compositions and genetic characteristics. We uncovered a dysregulated role for fibroblasts (FBs) and myofibroblasts as a key pathogenic element in PN, which were significantly increased in PN lesional skin. We defined seven unique subclusters of FBs in PN skin and observed a shift of PN lesional FBs towards a cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF)-like phenotype, with WNT5A+ CAFs increased in the skin of PN patients and similarly so in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). A multicenter PN cohort study subsequently revealed an increased risk of SCC as well as additional CAF-associated malignancies in PN patients, including breast and colorectal cancers. Systemic fibroproliferative diseases were also upregulated in PN patients, including renal sclerosis and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Ligand receptor analyses demonstrated increased FB1-derived WNT5A and periostin interactions with neuronal receptors MCAM and ITGAV, suggesting a fibroblast-neuronal axis in PN. Type I IFN responses in immune cells and increased angiogenesis/permeability in endothelial cells were also observed. As compared to atopic dermatitis (AD) and psoriasis (PSO) patients, increased mesenchymal dysregulation is unique to PN with an intermediate Th2/Th17 phenotype between atopic dermatitis and psoriasis. These findings identify a pathogenic role for CAFs in PN, including a novel targetable WNT5A+ fibroblast subpopulation and CAF-associated malignancies in PN patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay R. Patel
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Marina Z. Joel
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kevin K. Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Anusha Kambala
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hannah Cornman
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Olusola Oladipo
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Matthew Taylor
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - June Deng
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Varsha Parthasarathy
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Karen Cravero
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Melika Marani
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ryan Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sreenidhi Sankararam
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ruixiang Li
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Thomas Pritchard
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Vito Rebecca
- Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Madan M. Kwatra
- Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Won Jin Ho
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Xinzhong Dong
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Center for Sensory Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sewon Kang
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Shawn G. Kwatra
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Romhányi D, Szabó K, Kemény L, Sebestyén E, Groma G. Transcriptional Analysis-Based Alterations Affecting Neuritogenesis of the Peripheral Nervous System in Psoriasis. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:111. [PMID: 35054504 PMCID: PMC8778302 DOI: 10.3390/life12010111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
An increasing amount of evidence indicates the critical role of the cutaneous nervous system in the initiation and maintenance of psoriatic skin lesions by neurogenic inflammation. However, molecular mechanisms affecting cutaneous neurons are largely uncharacterized. Therefore, we reanalyzed a psoriatic RNA sequencing dataset from published transcriptome experiments of nearly 300 individuals. Using the Ingenuity Pathway Analysis software, we associated several hundreds of differentially expressed transcripts (DETs) to nervous system development and functions. Since neuronal projections were previously reported to be affected in psoriasis, we performed an in-depth analysis of neurite formation-related process. Our in silico analysis suggests that SEMA-PLXN and ROBO-DCC-UNC5 regulating axonal growth and repulsion are differentially affected in non-lesional and lesional skin samples. We identified opposing expressional alterations in secreted ligands for axonal guidance signaling (RTN4/NOGOA, NTNs, SEMAs, SLITs) and non-conventional axon guidance regulating ligands, including WNT5A and their receptors, modulating axon formation. These differences in neuritogenesis may explain the abnormal cutaneous nerve filament formation described in psoriatic skin. The processes also influence T-cell activation and infiltration, thus highlighting an additional angle of the crosstalk between the cutaneous nervous system and the immune responses in psoriasis pathogenesis, in addition to the known neurogenic pro-inflammatory mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dóra Romhányi
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (D.R.); (K.S.); (L.K.)
| | - Kornélia Szabó
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (D.R.); (K.S.); (L.K.)
- Hungarian Centre of Excellence for Molecular Medicine-University of Szeged Skin Research Group (HCEMM-USZ Skin Research Group), University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
- Eötvös Loránd Research Network, MTA-SZTE Dermatological Research Group, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Lajos Kemény
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (D.R.); (K.S.); (L.K.)
- Hungarian Centre of Excellence for Molecular Medicine-University of Szeged Skin Research Group (HCEMM-USZ Skin Research Group), University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
- Eötvös Loránd Research Network, MTA-SZTE Dermatological Research Group, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Endre Sebestyén
- 1st Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, H-1085 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Gergely Groma
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (D.R.); (K.S.); (L.K.)
- Eötvös Loránd Research Network, MTA-SZTE Dermatological Research Group, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
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Ning X, Zhang D, Wang Y, Huo J, Huang Y, Guo Y, Li Z, Zhang Y. The Levels of Wnt5a and Its Receptors Frizzled5 and Frizzled2 as Immunohistochemical Biomarkers of Severity of Psoriasis. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2021; 14:1651-1656. [PMID: 34785924 PMCID: PMC8590942 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s334866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Psoriasis is a systemic, chronic and inflammatory condition. The exact pathogenesis is unclear. The abnormal expression of Wnt5a pathway in psoriasis vulgaris has been confirmed. Whether it is related to the severity of psoriasis is unclear. Methods Thirty-eight skin lesions from psoriasis vulgaris patients and 22 healthy adult skin tissues were taken. The semi-quantitative immunohistochemistry score of Wnt5a, Frizzled5 and Frizzled2 was evaluated under a microscope by two independent dermatologists. Psoriasis area and severity index (PASI) score system was used to evaluate the disease severity. Results The average PASI score of the patients was 16.25 ± 7.8, and the average duration of disease was 19.6 ± 10.4 months. Wnt5a, Frizzled5 and Frizzled2 were highly expressed in psoriasis lesions. The semi-quantitative immunohistochemistry scores of Wnt5a, Frizzled5 and Frizzled2 were positively correlated with PASI scores (r = 0.71, r = 0.46, r = 0.65, respectively, all P-value < 0.01), but not correlated with duration of disease (r = 0.11, r = 0.17, r = 0.29, respectively, all P-value > 0.05). There were significant positive correlations between Wnt5a and Frizzled5 (r = 0.57, P-value < 0.01), as well as Wnt5a and Frizzled2 (r = 0.59, P-value < 0.01). Conclusion Wnt5a and its receptors play an important role in pathogenesis of psoriasis vulgaris and are positively correlated with the severity of psoriasis, and may be one of the immunohistochemical predictors of the severity of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Ning
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xian, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Dingwei Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xian, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xian, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Huo
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xian, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Huang
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xian, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Guo
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xian, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengxiao Li
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xian, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanfei Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xian, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
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9
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Expression pattern of WNT5A among Egyptian patients with psoriasis treated with platelet-rich plasma versus conventional therapy: Toward a better understanding of the disease. GENE REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2021.101114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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10
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Leung DYM, Berdyshev E, Goleva E. Cutaneous barrier dysfunction in allergic diseases. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2021; 145:1485-1497. [PMID: 32507227 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2020.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The fundamental defect(s) that drives atopic dermatitis (AD) remains controversial. "Outside in" proponents point to the important association of filaggrin gene mutations and other skin barrier defects with AD. The "inside out" proponents derive support from evidence that AD occurs in genetic animal models with overexpression of type 2 immune pathways in their skin, and humans with gain-of-function mutations in their type 2 response develop severe AD. The observation that therapeutic biologics, targeting type 2 immune responses, can reverse AD provides compelling support for the importance of "inside out" mechanisms of AD. In this review, we propose a central role for epithelial cell dysfunction that accounts for the dual role of skin barrier defects and immune pathway activation in AD. The complexity of AD has its roots in the dysfunction of the epithelial barrier that allows the penetration of allergens, irritants, and microbes into a cutaneous milieu that facilitates the induction of type 2 immune responses. The AD phenotypes and endotypes that result in chronic skin inflammation and barrier dysfunction are modified by genes, innate/adaptive immune responses, and different environmental factors that cause skin barrier dysfunction. There is also compelling evidence that skin barrier dysfunction can alter the course of childhood asthma, food allergy, and allergic rhinosinusitis. Effective management of AD requires a multipronged approach, not only restoring cutaneous barrier function, microbial flora, and immune homeostasis but also enhancing skin epithelial differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Elena Goleva
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo
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11
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Shared inflammatory and skin-specific gene signatures reveal common drivers of discoid lupus erythematosus in canines, humans and mice. CURRENT RESEARCH IN IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 2:41-51. [PMID: 35492392 PMCID: PMC9040131 DOI: 10.1016/j.crimmu.2021.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune skin diseases are complex and are thought to arise from a combination of genetics and environmental exposures, which trigger an ongoing immune response against self-antigens. Companion animals including cats and dogs are known to develop inflammatory skin conditions similar to humans and share the same environment, providing opportunities to study spontaneous disease that encompasses genetic and environmental factors with a One Health approach. A strength of comparative immunology approaches is that immune profiles may be assessed across different species to better identify shared or conserved pathways that might drive inflammation. Here, we performed a comparative study of skin from canine discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) using NanoString nCounter technology. We compared these gene expression patterns to those of human DLE and a mouse model of cutaneous lupus. We found strong interferon signatures, with CXCL10, ISG15, and an S100 gene family member among the highest, most significant DEGs upregulated across species. Cell type analysis revealed marked T-cell and B-cell infiltration. Interestingly, canine DLE samples also recapitulated downregulated skin homeostatic genes observed in human DLE. We conclude that spontaneous DLE in dogs captures many features that are present in human disease and may serve as a more complete model for conducting further genomic and/or transcriptomic studies. Canine DLE lesions express known drivers of pathogenesis including CXCL10, IFNG, FAS. Enrichment of key cell types, including T, B, NK cells, is observed in canine DLE. Canine, mouse and human DLE share similar proinflammatory profiles. Canine DLE exhibits downregulated skin homeostatic and immune regulatory genes.
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12
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Zou T, Zhang J. Diverse and pivotal roles of neddylation in metabolism and immunity. FEBS J 2020; 288:3884-3912. [PMID: 33025631 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Neddylation is one type of protein post-translational modification by conjugating a ubiquitin-like protein neural precursor cell-expressed developmentally downregulated protein 8 to substrate proteins via a cascade involving E1, E2, and E3 enzymes. The best-characterized substrates of neddylation are cullins, essential components of cullin-RING E3 ubiquitin-ligase complexes. The discovery of noncullin neddylation targets indicates that neddylation may have diverse biological functions. Indeed, neddylation has been implicated in various cellular processes including cell cycle progression, metabolism, immunity, and tumorigenesis. Here, we summarized the reported neddylation substrates and also discuss the functions of neddylation in the immune system and metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zou
- Beijing Institute of Brain Sciences, China
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13
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Wang D, Zhang Y, Shen C. Research update on the association between SFRP5, an anti-inflammatory adipokine, with obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus and coronary heart disease. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:2730-2735. [PMID: 32004418 PMCID: PMC7077606 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Secreted frizzled-related protein 5 (SFRP5), an anti-inflammatory adipokine secreted by adipocytes, has been demonstrated to exert its anti-inflammatory effect via antagonizing the non-canonical wingless-type family member 5A (WNT5A) signalling pathways. The WNT5A protein, as a potent pro-inflammatory signalling molecule, is strongly involved in a variety of inflammatory disorders such as obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and atherosclerosis. In this review, we systematically outlined the current understanding on the roles of SFRP5 in the pathogenesis of three inflammatory diseases including obesity, T2DM and coronary heart disease (CHD). Our review might stimulate future research using SFRP5 as a promising novel therapeutic target for the treatment of obesity, T2DM and CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaping Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengxing Shen
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
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14
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Alibardi L. Immunolocalization of Wnts in the lizard blastema supports a key role of these signaling proteins for tail regeneration. J Morphol 2019; 281:68-80. [PMID: 31721289 DOI: 10.1002/jmor.21080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A highly upregulated gene during tail regeneration in lizards is Wnt2b, a gene broadly expressed during development. The present study examines the distribution of Wnt proteins, most likely wnt2b, by western blotting and immunofluorescence in the blastema-cone of lizards using a specific antibody produced against a lizard Wnt2b protein. Immunopositive bands at 48-50 and 18 kDa are present in the regenerative blastema, the latter likely as a degradation product. Immunofluorescence is mainly observed in the wound epidermis, including in the Apical Epidermal Peg where the protein appears localized in intermediate and differentiating keratinocytes. Labeling is more intense along the perimeter of keratinocytes, possibly as a secretory product, and indicates that the high epidermal proliferation of the regenerating epidermis is sustained by Wnt proteins. The regenerating spinal cord forms an ependymal tube within the blastema and shows immunolabeling especially in the cytoplasm of ependymal cells contacting the central canal where some secretion might occur. Also, regenerating nerves and proximal spinal ganglia innervating the regenerating blastema contain this signaling protein. In contrast, the blastema mesenchyme, muscles and cartilage show weak immunolabeling that tends to disappear in tissues located in more proximal regions, close to the original tail. However, a distal to proximal gradient of Wnt proteins was not detected. The present study supports the hypothesis that Wnt proteins, in particular Wnt2b, are secreted by the apical epidermis covering the blastema and released into the mesenchyme where they stimulate cell multiplication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Alibardi
- Comparative Histolab Padova and Department of Biology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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15
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Yu X, Yan N, Li Z, Hua Y, Chen W. FGF19 sustains the high proliferative ability of keratinocytes in psoriasis through the regulation of Wnt/GSK-3β/β-catenin signalling via FGFR4. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2019; 46:761-769. [PMID: 31074061 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has shown that fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19) plays an important role in regulating cell proliferation. Psoriasis is characterized by the hyperproliferation of keratinocytes in skin lesions. However, whether FGF19 regulates the proliferation of keratinocytes in psoriasis remains unknown. In this study, we aimed to explore the potential relevance of FGF19 in psoriasis. We found that FGF19 was highly expressed in psoriatic skin from psoriasis patients, as well as keratinocytes that were stimulated with a cocktail of cytokines (M5), which is an in vitro model of psoriasis. Functional experiments demonstrated that FGF19 overexpression promoted the growth and proliferation of keratinocytes, while FGF19 knockdown showed opposite effect. Moreover, we found that FGF19 increased the phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3β and promoted the expression of β-catenin and the activation of T cell factor 4 (TCF4) transcriptional activity. Notably, blocking Wnt/β-catenin signalling by silencing β-catenin partially reversed FGF19-mediated promotional effects on keratinocyte proliferation. In addition, FGFR4 inhibition significantly blocked the promotional effect of FGF19 on keratinocyte proliferation and GSK-3β/β-catenin/TCF4 signalling. Taken together, our results demonstrated that FGF19 contributes to sustaining the high proliferative ability of keratinocytes through promoting Wnt/GSK-3β/β-catenin signalling via FGFR4, highlighting the importance of FGF19 in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Our study suggests that FGF19 may serve as a novel and potential therapeutic target for psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Yu
- Department of Dermatology, Nanjing Second Hospital, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ning Yan
- Department of Dermatology, Nanjing Second Hospital, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zihai Li
- Department of Dermatology, Nanjing Second Hospital, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yunhui Hua
- Department of Dermatology, Nanjing Second Hospital, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Nanjing Second Hospital, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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16
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Qin N, Han F, Li L, Ge Y, Lin W, Wang J, Wu L, Zhao G, Deng Y, Zhang J. Deubiquitinating enzyme 4 facilitates chemoresistance in glioblastoma by inhibiting P53 activity. Oncol Lett 2018; 17:958-964. [PMID: 30655854 PMCID: PMC6312926 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is a malignant primary brain tumor with poor prognosis with a median survival of only 12–15 months. The high mortality rate of this disease is mainly due to the chemoresistance resulting from various reasons. Ubiquitin-specific protease 4 (USP4) has recently been found to be elevated in various types of cancer through regulating P53 activity. However, whether USP4 is responsible for chemoresistance in glioblastoma is not clear. In the present study, the expression of USP4 in glioblastoma tissues and cell lines, as well as its association with temozolomide (TMZ) chemoresistance was analyzed. The results demonstrated that USP4 was significantly upregulated in glioblastoma tissues and cell lines at the mRNA and protein levels. Notably, USP4 knockdown alone did not affect glioblastoma cell viability; however, when USP4 knockdown cells were treated with TMZ, the cell viability was decreased significantly. In addition, the results revealed that cleaved poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase level increased when USP4 was knocked down in glioblastoma cells treated with TMZ. It was also observed that P53 was increased in U251 and U87 cells with USP4 knockdown. Following treatment with a P53 specific inhibitor, the results suggested that USP4 mediated chemoresistance through inhibiting apoptosis in a P53-dependent manner. In conclusion, the data revealed the critical role of USP4 in TMZ resistance in glioblastoma and provided new insight for future drug development for the treatment of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Qin
- Department of Neurology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Fengli Han
- Department of Neurology, The Fourth People's Hospital of Shaanxi, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Neurology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Yingwei Ge
- Department of Neurology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Wei Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Jiang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Lin Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Gang Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Yanchun Deng
- Department of Neurology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
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17
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Yadav K, Singh D, Singh MR. Protein biomarker for psoriasis: A systematic review on their role in the pathomechanism, diagnosis, potential targets and treatment of psoriasis. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 118:1796-1810. [PMID: 30017989 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Psoriasis is defined as a long-lasting multifactorial inflammatory autoimmune skin condition precisely characterized by delimited, erythematic papules with adherent shiny scales. The conditions are led by hyperproliferative responses of epidermis due to hyperactivation and immature keratinocytes production. The psoriatic skin consists of the thickened epidermal layer, in concurrence with inflammatory exudates in the dermis mainly of dendritic cells, neutrophils, T cells, and macrophages, contributing to the distinct manifestation of psoriatic lesions. It consents to multifaceted and discrete pathology due to the genetic and immunological alteration resulting from abnormal expression of various regulatory and structural proteins. These proteins are associated with various cellular and sub-cellular activities. Therefore, the presence of protein in a pathological cellular environment in the psoriatic lesions as well as in serum could be a great avenue for the insight of pathomechanism, anticipation and diagnosis of psoriasis. Research of protein biomarker in psoriasis is yet a developing realm to be explored by both fundamental and clinical researchers. This review is an attempt to assimilate the current discoveries and revelations of different proteins as a biomarker and their importance in pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment, and anticipation of both the inflammatory and other dermatological aspects of psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Yadav
- University Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh 492010, India
| | - Deependra Singh
- University Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh 492010, India; National Centre for Natural Resources, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh 492010, India
| | - Manju Rawat Singh
- University Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh 492010, India; National Centre for Natural Resources, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh 492010, India.
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18
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Age-Associated Differences in Infection of Human Skin in the SCID Mouse Model of Varicella-Zoster Virus Pathogenesis. J Virol 2018; 92:JVI.00002-18. [PMID: 29563288 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00002-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) is the skin-tropic human alphaherpesvirus responsible for both varicella-zoster and herpes zoster. Varicella-zoster and herpes zoster skin lesions have similar morphologies, but herpes zoster occurs disproportionally in older individuals and is often associated with a more extensive local rash and severe zoster-related neuralgia. We hypothesized that skin aging could also influence the outcome of the anterograde axonal transport of VZV to skin. We utilized human skin xenografts maintained in immunodeficient (SCID) mice to study VZV-induced skin pathology in vivo in fetal and adult skin xenografts. Here we found that VZV replication is enhanced in skin from older compared to younger adults, correlating with clinical observations. In addition to measures of VZV infection, we examined the expression of type I interferon (IFN) pathway components in adult skin and investigated elements of the cutaneous proliferative and inflammatory response to VZV infection in vivo Our results demonstrated that VZV infection of adult skin triggers intrinsic IFN-mediated responses such as we have described in VZV-infected fetal skin xenografts, including MxA as well as promyelocytic leukemia protein (PML), in skin cells surrounding lesions. Further, we observed that VZV elicited altered cell signaling and proliferative and inflammatory responses that are involved in wound healing, driven by follicular stem cells. These cellular changes are consistent with VZV-induced activation of STAT3 and suggest that VZV exploits the wound healing process to ensure efficient delivery of the virus to keratinocytes. Adult skin xenografts offer an approach to further investigate VZV-induced skin pathologies in vivoIMPORTANCE Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) is the agent responsible for both varicella-zoster and herpes zoster. Herpes zoster occurs disproportionally in older individuals and is often associated with a more extensive local rash and severe zoster-related neuralgia. To examine the effect of skin aging on VZV skin lesions, we utilized fetal and adult human skin xenografts maintained in immunodeficient (SCID) mice. We measured VZV-induced skin pathology, examined the expression of type I interferon (IFN) pathway components in adult skin, and investigated elements of the cutaneous proliferative and inflammatory response to VZV infection in vivo Our results demonstrate that characteristics of aging skin are preserved in xenografts; that VZV replication is enhanced in skin from older compared to younger adults, correlating with clinical observations; and that VZV infection elicits altered cell signaling and inflammatory responses. Adult skin xenografts offer an approach to further investigate VZV-induced skin pathologies in vivo.
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19
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Epstein-Barr virus stably confers an invasive phenotype to epithelial cells through reprogramming of the WNT pathway. Oncotarget 2018. [PMID: 29535816 PMCID: PMC5828208 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated carcinomas, such as nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), exhibit an undifferentiated and metastatic phenotype. To determine viral contributions involved in the invasive phenotype of EBV-associated carcinomas, EBV-infected human telomerase-immortalized normal oral keratinocytes (NOK) were investigated. EBV-infected NOK were previously shown to undergo epigenetic reprogramming involving CpG island hypermethylation and delayed responsiveness to differentiation. Here, we show that EBV-infected NOK acquired an invasive phenotype that was epigenetically retained after viral loss. The transcription factor lymphoid enhancer factor 1 (LEF1) and the secreted ligand WNT5A, expressed in NPC, were increased in EBV-infected NOK with sustained expression for more than 20 passages after viral loss. Increased LEF1 levels involved four LEF1 variants, and EBV-infected NOK showed a lack of responsiveness to β-catenin activation. Although forced expression of WNT5A and LEF1 enhanced the invasiveness of parental NOK, LEF1 knockdown reversed the invasive phenotype of EBV-infected NOK in the presence of WNT5A. Viral reprogramming of LEF1 and WNT5A was observed several passages after EBV infection, suggesting that LEF1 and WNT5A may provide a selective advantage to virally-infected cells. Our findings suggest that EBV epigenetically reprogrammed epithelial cells with features of basal, wound healing keratinocytes, with LEF1 contributing to the metastatic phenotype of EBV-associated carcinomas.
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20
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Genome-Wide DNA Methylation Profiling Identifies Differential Methylation in Uninvolved Psoriatic Epidermis. J Invest Dermatol 2017; 138:1088-1093. [PMID: 29247660 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Revised: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with both local and systemic components. Genome-wide approaches have identified more than 60 psoriasis-susceptibility loci, but genes are estimated to explain only one-third of the heritability in psoriasis, suggesting additional, yet unidentified, sources of heritability. Epigenetic modifications have been linked to psoriasis and altered DNA methylation patterns in psoriatic versus healthy skin have been reported in whole-skin biopsies. In this study, focusing on epigenetic modifications in the psoriatic uninvolved skin, we compared the lesional and non-lesional epidermis from psoriasis patients with epidermis from healthy controls. We performed an exhaustive genome-wide DNA methylation profiling using reduced representation bisulfite sequencing, which interrogates the methylation status of approximately 3-4 million CpG sites. More than 2,000 strongly differentially methylated sites were identified and a striking overrepresentation of the Wnt and cadherin pathways among the differentially methylated sites was found. In particular, we observe a strong differential methylation in several psoriasis candidate genes. A substantial number of differentially methylated sites present in the uninvolved versus healthy epidermis suggests the presence of a pre-psoriatic state in the clinically healthy skin type. Our exploratory study represents a starting point for identifying biomarkers for psoriasis-prone skin before disease onset.
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21
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Choi YM, An S, Lee J, Lee JH, Lee JN, Kim YS, Ahn KJ, An IS, Bae S. Titrated extract of Centella asiatica increases hair inductive property through inhibition of STAT signaling pathway in three-dimensional spheroid cultured human dermal papilla cells. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2017; 81:2323-2329. [DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2017.1385383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Dermal papilla (DP) is a pivotal part of hair follicle, and the smaller size of the DP is related with the hair loss. In this study, we investigated the effect of titrated extract of Centella asiatica (TECA) on hair growth inductive property on 3D spheroid cultured human DP cells (HDP cells). Significantly increased effect of TECA on cell viability was only shown in 3D sphered HPD cells, not in 2D cultured HDP cells. Also, TECA treatment increased the sphere size of HDP cells. The luciferase activity of STAT reporter genes and the expression of STAT-targeted genes, SOCS1 and SOCS3, were significantly decreased. Also, TECA treatment increased the expression of the hair growth-related signature genes in 3D sphered HDP cells. Furthermore, TECA led to downregulation of the level of phosphorylated STAT proteins in 3D sphered HDP cells. Overall, TECA activates the potential of hair inductive capacity in HDP cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeong Min Choi
- Department of Cosmetics Engineering, Research Institute for Molecular-Targeted Drugs, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Korea Institute for Skin and Clinical Sciences, Gene Cell Pharm Corporation, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungkwan An
- Korea Institute for Skin and Clinical Sciences, Gene Cell Pharm Corporation, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Junwoo Lee
- Korea Institute for Skin and Clinical Sciences, Gene Cell Pharm Corporation, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Ho Lee
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cheil General Hospital and Women’s Healthcare Center, Dankook University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Nam Lee
- Department of Cosmetology, Graduate School of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Sam Kim
- Department of Image Industry, Graduate School of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu Joong Ahn
- Department of Dermatology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Sook An
- Korea Institute for Skin and Clinical Sciences, Gene Cell Pharm Corporation, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghee Bae
- Department of Cosmetics Engineering, Research Institute for Molecular-Targeted Drugs, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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22
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Pashirzad M, Shafiee M, Rahmani F, Behnam-Rassouli R, Hoseinkhani F, Ryzhikov M, Moradi Binabaj M, Parizadeh MR, Avan A, Hassanian SM. Role of Wnt5a in the Pathogenesis of Inflammatory Diseases. J Cell Physiol 2017; 232:1611-1616. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mehran Pashirzad
- Department of Medical Biochemistry; School of Medicine; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
| | - Mojtaba Shafiee
- Department of Nutrition; School of Medicine; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
| | - Farzad Rahmani
- Department of Medical Biochemistry; School of Medicine; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
| | | | - Fatemeh Hoseinkhani
- Department of Medical Biochemistry; School of Medicine; Iran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - Mikhail Ryzhikov
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; St. Louis University School of Medicine; Saint Louis Missouri
| | - Maryam Moradi Binabaj
- Department of Medical Biochemistry; School of Medicine; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Parizadeh
- Department of Medical Biochemistry; School of Medicine; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
| | - Amir Avan
- Molecular Medicine Group; Department of Modern Sciences and Technologies; School of Medicine; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
- Departments of Medical Oncology and Neurology; VU University Medical Center; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Seyed Mahdi Hassanian
- Department of Medical Biochemistry; School of Medicine; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; St. Louis University School of Medicine; Saint Louis Missouri
- Microanatomy Research Center; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center; School of Medicine; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
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23
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Barbollat-Boutrand L, Joly-Tonetti N, Dos Santos M, Metral E, Boher A, Masse I, Berthier-Vergnes O, Bertolino P, Damour O, Lamartine J. MicroRNA-23b-3p regulates human keratinocyte differentiation through repression of TGIF1 and activation of the TGF-ß-SMAD2 signalling pathway. Exp Dermatol 2016; 26:51-57. [DOI: 10.1111/exd.13119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laetitia Barbollat-Boutrand
- Université de Lyon; Lyon France
- Université Lyon 1; Lyon France
- CNRS; UMR5534; Centre de Génétique et de Physiologie Moléculaires et Cellulaires; Villeurbanne France
| | - Nicolas Joly-Tonetti
- Université de Lyon; Lyon France
- Université Lyon 1; Lyon France
- CNRS; UMR5534; Centre de Génétique et de Physiologie Moléculaires et Cellulaires; Villeurbanne France
| | | | - Elodie Metral
- Banque de Tissus et Cellules; Hospices Civiles de Lyon; Lyon France
| | | | - Ingrid Masse
- Université de Lyon; Lyon France
- Université Lyon 1; Lyon France
- CNRS; UMR5534; Centre de Génétique et de Physiologie Moléculaires et Cellulaires; Villeurbanne France
| | - Odile Berthier-Vergnes
- Université de Lyon; Lyon France
- Université Lyon 1; Lyon France
- CNRS; UMR5534; Centre de Génétique et de Physiologie Moléculaires et Cellulaires; Villeurbanne France
| | | | - Odile Damour
- Banque de Tissus et Cellules; Hospices Civiles de Lyon; Lyon France
| | - Jérôme Lamartine
- Université de Lyon; Lyon France
- Université Lyon 1; Lyon France
- CNRS; UMR5534; Centre de Génétique et de Physiologie Moléculaires et Cellulaires; Villeurbanne France
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24
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Wnt- β-Catenin Signaling Promotes the Maturation of Mast Cells. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:2048987. [PMID: 27843938 PMCID: PMC5097791 DOI: 10.1155/2016/2048987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Revised: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Mast cells play an important role in the pathogenesis of allergic diseases. Immature mast cells migrate into peripheral tissues from the bone marrow and undergo complete maturation. Interestingly, mast cells have characteristics similar to hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), such as self-renewal and c-kit expression. In HSCs, Wnt signaling is involved in their maintenance and differentiation. On the other hand, the relation between Wnt signaling and mast cell differentiation is poorly understood. To study whether Wnt signals play a role in the maturation of mast cells, we studied the effect of Wnt proteins on mast cell maturation of bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMCs). The expression levels of CD81 protein and histidine decarboxylase mRNA and activity of mast cell-specific protease were all elevated in BMMCs treated with Wnt5a. In addition, Wnt5a induced the expression of Axin2 and TCF mRNA in BMMCs. These results showed that Wnt5a could promote the maturation of mast cells via the canonical Wnt signaling pathway and provide important insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the differentiation of mast cells.
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Kim BK, Yoo HI, Kim I, Park J, Kim Yoon S. FZD6 expression is negatively regulated by miR-199a-5p in human colorectal cancer. BMB Rep 2016; 48:360-6. [PMID: 25772759 PMCID: PMC4578624 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2015.48.6.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC), the third most common cancer worldwide, also has the highest rate of cancer-related morbidity and mortality. WNT signaling is initiated by binding of WNT to various receptors, including frizzleds (FZDs), and plays a critical role in CRC and other tumor development by regulating proliferation, differentiation, migration, apoptosis, and polarity. Among the members of the FZD family, FZD6 is broadly expressed in various tissues, and its overexpression has been reported in several cancers, suggesting an important role in cancer development. In this study, we investigated the expression of FZD6 in patients with CRC and found it to be increased in tumors, as compared to paired adjacent non-tumor tissues. Additionally, we found that FZD6 expression was negatively regulated by miR199a5p in CRC cells. These results suggest that overexpression of FZD6, mediated by reduced expression of miR-199a-5p, may play an important role in the development of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bong-Kyu Kim
- Department of Medical Lifesciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 137-701, Korea
| | - Hye-In Yoo
- Department of Medical Lifesciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 137-701, Korea
| | - Injung Kim
- Department of Medical Lifesciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 137-701, Korea
| | - Jongkeun Park
- Department of Medical Lifesciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 137-701, Korea
| | - Sungjoo Kim Yoon
- Department of Medical Lifesciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 137-701, Korea
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Emerging Role and Therapeutic Implication of Wnt Signaling Pathways in Autoimmune Diseases. J Immunol Res 2016; 2016:9392132. [PMID: 27110577 PMCID: PMC4826689 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9392132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Revised: 03/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Wnt signaling pathway plays a key role in many biological aspects, such as cellular proliferation, tissue regeneration, embryonic development, and other systemic effects. Under a physiological condition, it is tightly controlled at different layers and arrays, and a dysregulated activation of this signaling has been implicated into the pathogenesis of various human disorders, including autoimmune diseases. Despite the fact that therapeutic interventions are available for ameliorating disease manifestations, there is no curative therapy currently available for autoimmune disorders. Increasing lines of evidence have suggested a crucial role of Wnt signaling during the pathogenesis of many autoimmune diseases; in addition, some of microRNAs (miRNAs), a class of small, noncoding RNA molecules capable of transcriptionally regulating gene expression, have also recently been demonstrated to possess both physiological and pathological roles in autoimmune diseases by regulating the Wnt signaling pathway. This review summarizes currently our understanding of the pathogenic roles of Wnt signaling in several major autoimmune disorders and miRNAs, those targeting Wnt signaling in autoimmune diseases, with a focus on the implication of the Wnt signaling as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in immune diseases, as well as miRNA-mediated regulation of Wnt signaling activation in the development of autoimmune diseases.
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Codocedo JF, Inestrosa NC. Wnt-5a-regulated miR-101b controls COX2 expression in hippocampal neurons. Biol Res 2016; 49:9. [PMID: 26895946 PMCID: PMC4759731 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-016-0071-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Wnt-5a is a member of the WNT family of secreted lipoglycoproteins, whose expression increases during development; moreover, Wnt-5a plays a key role in synaptic structure and function in the adult nervous system. However, the mechanism underlying these effects is still elusive. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a family of small non-coding RNAs that control the gene expression of their targets through hybridization with complementary sequences in the 3′ UTR, thereby inhibiting the translation of the target proteins. Several evidences indicate that the miRNAs are actively involved in the regulation of neuronal function. Results In the present study, we examined whether Wnt-5a modulates the levels of miRNAs in hippocampal neurons. Using PCR arrays, we identified a set of miRNAs that respond to Wnt-5a treatment. One of the most affected miRNAs was miR-101b, which targets cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2), an inducible enzyme that converts arachidonic acid to prostanoids, and has been involved in the injury/inflammatory response, and more recently in neuronal plasticity. Consistent with the Wnt-5a regulation of miR-101b, this Wnt ligand regulates COX2 expression in a time-dependent manner in cultured hippocampal neurons. Conclusion The biological processes induced by Wnt-5a in hippocampal neurons, involve the regulation of several miRNAs including miR-101b, which has the capacity to regulate several targets, including COX-2 in the central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Francisco Codocedo
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Centro de Envejecimiento y Regeneración (CARE), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile. .,CARE, Biomedical Research Center, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av. Alameda 340, 8331150, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Nibaldo C Inestrosa
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Centro de Envejecimiento y Regeneración (CARE), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile. .,Faculty of Medicine, Center for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia. .,Centro de Excelencia en Biomedicina de Magallanes (CEBIMA), Universidad de Magallanes, Punta Arenas, Chile. .,CARE, Biomedical Research Center, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av. Alameda 340, 8331150, Santiago, Chile.
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Kim JE, Bang SH, Choi JH, Kim CD, Won CH, Lee MW, Chang SE. Interaction of Wnt5a with Notch1 is Critical for the Pathogenesis of Psoriasis. Ann Dermatol 2016; 28:45-54. [PMID: 26848218 PMCID: PMC4737835 DOI: 10.5021/ad.2016.28.1.45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2014] [Revised: 05/07/2015] [Accepted: 05/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Psoriasis is characterized by uncontrolled hyperproliferation, aberrant differentiation, and dermal infiltration of immune cells. Recent studies have reported that Wnt5a and Notch1 signaling are altered in psoriatic skin lesions. Objective We aimed to investigate the interaction of Wnt5a with Notch 1 with respect to inflammation-mediated epidermal hyperproliferation in psoriasis. Methods Expression of Wnt5a and Notch1 signaling-related proteins were examined in psoriatic skin biopsies. Wnt5a was upregulated in human keratinocytes by treating the cells with its recombinant form (rWnt5a). Results In psoriatic lesions, expression of Wnt5a increased while that of Notch1 decreased when compared to that in non-lesional and normal skin. Treatment with rWnt5a increased the proliferation of keratinocytes and increased their secretion of interleukin (IL)-23, IL-12, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. Further, exposure of keratinocytes to IL-1α, TNF-α, transforming growth factor-α, and interferon-γ downregulated Notch1 as well as HES 1, which is downstream to Notch1, but increased the Wnt5a levels. The upregulated Wnt5a in keratinocytes downregulated both Notch1 and HES1. Conclusion Our data suggest that Wnt5a and Notch1 signaling exert counteracting influences on each other and are involved, in part, in the pathomechanism of psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Eun Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.; Department of Dermatology, Hanyang University Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Hyun Bang
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jee Ho Choi
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang Deok Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Chong Hyun Won
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mi Woo Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Eun Chang
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Bai J, Liu Z, Xu Z, Ke F, Zhang L, Zhu H, Lou F, Wang H, Fei Y, Shi YL, Wang H. Epigenetic Downregulation of SFRP4 Contributes to Epidermal Hyperplasia in Psoriasis. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 194:4185-98. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1403196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 03/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Zhang Y, Zhang D, Tu C, Zhou P, Zheng Y, Peng Z, Feng Y, Xiao S, Li Z. Wnt5a is involved in the pathogenesis of cutaneous lichen planus. Clin Exp Dermatol 2015; 40:659-64. [PMID: 25581355 DOI: 10.1111/ced.12561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cutaneous lichen planus (CLP) is a chronic inflammatory and immune-mediated disease. Wnt5a is one of the most extensively studied Wnt proteins, and has important functions in stimulating inflammation, cell proliferation, cell fate determination and cell differentiation. Wnt5a expression in CLP has not been comprehensively studied to date. AIM To determine the expression and distribution of Wnt5a in CLP. METHODS Skin samples were obtained from patients with CLP and healthy controls (HCs). The WNT5A gene was detected by real-time quantitative PCR, and Wnt5a protein by immunohistochemical analysis and western blotting. RESULTS WNT5A mRNA was upregulated in CLP samples compared with the HC skin samples (P < 0.001). Wnt5a protein was overexpressed in all layers of the epidermis and dermis in CLP lesions compared with HC skin (all P < 0.001). These results were confirmed by western blotting. CONCLUSIONS The data presented in this study suggest that Wnt5a pathway may play an important role in the pathogenesis of CLP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - D Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - C Tu
- Department of Dermatology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - P Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Y Zheng
- Department of Dermatology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Z Peng
- Department of Dermatology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Y Feng
- Department of Dermatology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - S Xiao
- Department of Dermatology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Z Li
- Department of Dermatology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China
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Kelotra A, Gokhale SM, Kelotra S, Mukadam V, Nagwanshi K, Bandaru S, Nayarisseri A, Bidwai A. Alkyloxy carbonyl modified hexapeptides as a high affinity compounds for Wnt5A protein in the treatment of psoriasis. Bioinformation 2014; 10:743-9. [PMID: 25670877 PMCID: PMC4312367 DOI: 10.6026/97320630010743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Accepted: 12/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is one of the most prevalent chronic inflammatory diseases of the skin. The Wnt pathways have been documented to play
essential role in stem cell self-renewal and keratinocyte differentiation in the skin. Antagonizing the Wnt5a protein would emerge
as a novel therapeutics in psoriasis treatment. In this view, we have developed and characterized series of compounds by attaching
varied tertiary alkyloxy carbonyl groups at the N-terminal end of the hexapeptide (Met-Asp-Gly-Cys-Glu-Leu) bestowed to inhibit
Wnt/Ca2+ signaling in psoriasis. Hexapeptide compound with 1,1-diphenylethoxy carbonyl group attached to N-terminal end of
hexapeptide demonstrated highest binding affinity amongst all the evaluated compounds. The compound identified in the study
can be subjected further for in vitro and in vivo studies for ADMET properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit Kelotra
- School of Biochemistry, Devi Ahilya University, Takshashila Campus, Khandwa Road, Indore (M.P.) - 452 017, India
| | - Sadashiv M Gokhale
- School of Biochemistry, Devi Ahilya University, Takshashila Campus, Khandwa Road, Indore (M.P.) - 452 017, India
| | - Seema Kelotra
- M.B Khalsa College, Near Gangwal Bus Stand, Indore (M.P.)-452011, India
| | - Vaidehi Mukadam
- In silico Research Laboratory, Eminent Biosciences, Indore - 452 010, India
| | - Komal Nagwanshi
- In silico Research Laboratory, Eminent Biosciences, Indore - 452 010, India
| | - Srinivas Bandaru
- Institute of Genetics and Hospital for Genetic Diseases, Osmania University, Hyderabad - 500 016, India
| | - Anuraj Nayarisseri
- In silico Research Laboratory, Eminent Biosciences, Indore - 452 010, India
| | - Anil Bidwai
- Index medical College, Indore (M.P)-452010, India
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Omoto D, Yamaguchi T, Haruyama S, Kabashima-Kubo R, Yoshioka M, Nishio D, Nakamura M. Is Wnt5a overexpression sufficient for generating a psoriasis-like phenotype in transgenic mice? Exp Dermatol 2014; 24:183-4. [PMID: 25496533 DOI: 10.1111/exd.12617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Omoto
- Department of Dermatology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
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Zhu X, Wu Y, Huang S, Chen Y, Tao Y, Wang Y, He S, Shen S, Wu J, Guo X, Li B, He L, Ma G. Overexpression of Wnt5a in mouse epidermis causes no psoriasis phenotype but an impairment of hair follicle anagen development. Exp Dermatol 2014; 23:926-8. [DOI: 10.1111/exd.12539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xuming Zhu
- Bio-X Institutes; Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education); Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai China
| | - Yumei Wu
- Department of Dermatology; Luwan Branch; Ruijin Hospital; Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; Shanghai China
| | - Sixia Huang
- Bio-X Institutes; Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education); Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai China
| | - Yingwei Chen
- Department of Dermatology; Luwan Branch; Ruijin Hospital; Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; Shanghai China
| | - Yixin Tao
- Bio-X Institutes; Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education); Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai China
| | - Yushu Wang
- Bio-X Institutes; Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education); Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai China
| | - Shigang He
- Bio-X Institutes; Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education); Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai China
| | - Sanbing Shen
- Bio-X Institutes; Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education); Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai China
- Regenerative Medicine Institute; School of Medicine; National University of Ireland Galway; Galway Ireland
| | - Ji Wu
- Bio-X Institutes; Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education); Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai China
| | - Xizhi Guo
- Bio-X Institutes; Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education); Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai China
| | - Baojie Li
- Bio-X Institutes; Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education); Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai China
| | - Lin He
- Bio-X Institutes; Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education); Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai China
| | - Gang Ma
- Bio-X Institutes; Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education); Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai China
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Wnt5a signaling increases IL-12 secretion by human dendritic cells and enhances IFN-γ production by CD4+ T cells. Immunol Lett 2014; 162:188-99. [PMID: 25196330 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2014.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2014] [Revised: 07/23/2014] [Accepted: 08/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Wnt5a is a secreted pleiotropic glycoprotein produced in an inflammatory state by a wide spectrum of ubiquitous cell populations. Recently, we demonstrated that Wnt5a skews the differentiation of human monocyte derived dendritic cells (moDCs) to a tolerogenic functional state. In this study we focus our interest on the role of this Wnt ligand after DC differentiation, during their maturation and function. We show that the expression of Wnt receptors is tightly regulated during the life cycle of DCs suggesting a differential responsiveness to Wnt signaling conditioned by their differentiation stage and the maturational stimuli. Furthermore, we confirm that Wnt5a is the main non-canonical Wnt protein expressed by DCs and its production increases upon specific stimuli. Exogenous Wnt5a improved the endocytic capacity of immature DCs but it is not a stimulatory signal on its own, slightly affecting the maturation and function of DCs. However, knocking down Wnt5a gene expression in maturing DCs demonstrates that DC-derived Wnt5a is necessary for normal IL-12 secretion and plays a positive role during the development of Th1 responses. Wnt5a acts both in autocrine and paracrine ways. Thus, human naive CD4(+) T cells express Wnt receptors and, the addition of Wnt5a during CD3/CD28 stimulation enhances IL-2 and IFN-γ production. Taken together these results suggest a time-dependent role for Wnt5a during inflammatory responses conditioned by the differentiation stage of cellular targets.
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Bhatt PM, Malgor R. Wnt5a: a player in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and other inflammatory disorders. Atherosclerosis 2014; 237:155-62. [PMID: 25240110 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2014] [Revised: 08/07/2014] [Accepted: 08/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this article is to review the current literature on Wnt5a and its signaling mechanism, along with its role in atherosclerosis. In addition, the significance of Wnt5a as a diagnostic marker and a potential therapeutic target is reviewed. Wnt5a, a secreted glycoprotein, belongs to a family of highly conserved proteins that regulate important processes such as cell fate specification, embryonic development, cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation in a variety of organisms. The complexity of Wnt5a signaling lies in the fact that Wnt5a can bind to different classes of frizzled receptors, receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 2, as well as co-receptors such as low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5/6. Wnt5a signals primarily through the non-canonical pathway, where it mediates cell proliferation, adhesion, and movement. However, the role of Wnt5a in canonical signaling is still unresolved. Depending on the receptor availability, Wnt5a can serve to activate or inhibit the canonical Wnt signaling pathway. Due to the promiscuous nature of Wnt5a, it has been extremely difficult to fully understand its signaling mechanism. Wnt5a has recently emerged as a macrophage effector molecule that triggers inflammation. Perturbations in Wnt5a signaling have been reported in several inflammatory diseases, particularly in sepsis, rheumatoid arthritis, and atherosclerosis. CONCLUSION Both existing and emerging evidence suggests that the expression of Wnt5a is always up-regulated in these, and possibly other inflammatory disorders. This knowledge can be useful for targeting Wnt5a and/or its receptor and downstream signaling molecules for therapeutic intervention in inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja M Bhatt
- Department of Biological Sciences, Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
| | - Ramiro Malgor
- Department of Biological Sciences, Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA.
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Weiner L, Fu W, Chirico WJ, Brissette JL. Skin as a living coloring book: how epithelial cells create patterns of pigmentation. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2014; 27:1014-31. [PMID: 25104547 DOI: 10.1111/pcmr.12301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2014] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The pigmentation of mammalian skin and hair develops through the interaction of two basic cell types - pigment donors and recipients. The pigment donors are melanocytes, which produce and distribute melanin through specialized structures. The pigment recipients are epithelial cells, which acquire melanin and put it to use, collectively yielding the pigmentation visible to the eye. This review will focus on the pigment recipients, the historically less understood cell type. These end-users of pigment are now known to exert a specialized control over the patterning of pigmentation, as they identify themselves as melanocyte targets, recruit pigment donors, and stimulate the transfer of melanin. As such, this review will discuss the evidence that the skin is like a coloring book: the pigment recipients create a 'picture,' a blueprint for pigmentation, which is colorless initially but outlines where pigment should be placed. Melanocytes then melanize the recipients and 'color in' the picture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorin Weiner
- Department of Cell Biology, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
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Shen CI, Lee HC, Kao YH, Wu CS, Chen PH, Lin SZ, Lai PS, Su HL. EpCAM Induction Functionally Links to the Wnt-Enhanced Cell Proliferation in Human Keratinocytes. Cell Transplant 2014; 23:1031-1044. [PMID: 23635478 DOI: 10.3727/096368913x666403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Accelerating proliferation of primary keratinocytes benefits skin autografts for severely burned patients. Wnt signal, a conserved pathway controlling cell cycle and morphogenesis in embryo, also involves in cell proliferation and tumorigenesis in adult tissues. Here the effects of Wnt signal on the growth of human interfollicular keratinocytes were investigated. We demonstrated that recombinant Wnt3a significantly promoted the growth of primary keratinocytes at a low cell density. A well-characterized GSK-3b inhibitor, BIO, activated the Wnt signals and also enhanced the colony formation of keratinocytes dose dependently. Gene expression profile of the BIO-treated keratinocytes revealed the linkage of BIO with cell mitosis and indicated that epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM), a Wnt target gene, was significantly upregulated. Compared to the sorted EpCAM- keratinocytes, the EpCAM+ cells showed a higher proliferation rate and efficacy of colony formation. Inhibiting the EpCAM expression by shRNA attenuated the proliferation effect of BIO and the growth advantage of the EpCAM+ keratinocytes. These evidences emphasize the positive roles of canonical Wnt and EpCAM on the regulation of cell growth and self-renewal of human keratinocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-I Shen
- Department of Chemistry, Agricultural Biotechnology Center, National Chung-Hsing University, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Chin Lee
- Department of Life Sciences, Agricultural Biotechnology Center, National Chung-Hsing University, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Hsien Kao
- Department of Medical Research, E-DA Hospital, I-Shou University, Taiwan
| | - Chieh-Shan Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Po-Hung Chen
- Chen Po-Hung Dermatologic Clinic, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shinn-Zong Lin
- Center for Neuropsychiatry, China Medical University and Hospital, Taiwan.,China Medical University Beigang Hospital, Taiwan.,Department of Immunology, China Medical University, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Shan Lai
- Department of Chemistry, Agricultural Biotechnology Center, National Chung-Hsing University, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Lin Su
- Department of Life Sciences, Agricultural Biotechnology Center, National Chung-Hsing University, Taiwan.,Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Nam JS, Chakraborty C, Sharma AR, Her Y, Bae KJ, Sharma G, Doss GP, Lee SS, Hong MS, Song DK. Effect of Wnt3a on keratinocytes utilizing in vitro and bioinformatics analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:5472-95. [PMID: 24686518 PMCID: PMC4013576 DOI: 10.3390/ijms15045472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2013] [Revised: 03/07/2014] [Accepted: 03/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Wingless-type (Wnt) signaling proteins participate in various cell developmental processes. A suppressive role of Wnt5a on keratinocyte growth has already been observed. However, the role of other Wnt proteins in proliferation and differentiation of keratinocytes remains unknown. Here, we investigated the effects of the Wnt ligand, Wnt3a, on proliferation and differentiation of keratinocytes. Keratinocytes from normal human skin were cultured and treated with recombinant Wnt3a alone or in combination with the inflammatory cytokine, tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα). Furthermore, using bioinformatics, we analyzed the biochemical parameters, molecular evolution, and protein–protein interaction network for the Wnt family. Application of recombinant Wnt3a showed an anti-proliferative effect on keratinocytes in a dose-dependent manner. After treatment with TNFα, Wnt3a still demonstrated an anti-proliferative effect on human keratinocytes. Exogenous treatment of Wnt3a was unable to alter mRNA expression of differentiation markers of keratinocytes, whereas an altered expression was observed in TNFα-stimulated keratinocytes. In silico phylogenetic, biochemical, and protein–protein interaction analysis showed several close relationships among the family members of the Wnt family. Moreover, a close phylogenetic and biochemical similarity was observed between Wnt3a and Wnt5a. Finally, we proposed a hypothetical mechanism to illustrate how the Wnt3a protein may inhibit the process of proliferation in keratinocytes, which would be useful for future researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Suk Nam
- Institute for Skeletal Aging & Orthopedic Surgery, Hallym University-Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon 200704, Korea.
| | - Chiranjib Chakraborty
- Institute for Skeletal Aging & Orthopedic Surgery, Hallym University-Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon 200704, Korea.
| | - Ashish Ranjan Sharma
- Institute for Skeletal Aging & Orthopedic Surgery, Hallym University-Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon 200704, Korea.
| | - Young Her
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University Hospital, Chuncheon 200722, Korea.
| | - Kee-Jeong Bae
- Institute for Skeletal Aging & Orthopedic Surgery, Hallym University-Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon 200704, Korea.
| | - Garima Sharma
- Institute for Skeletal Aging & Orthopedic Surgery, Hallym University-Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon 200704, Korea.
| | - George Priya Doss
- Medical Biotechnology Division, School of Biosciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Sang-Soo Lee
- Institute for Skeletal Aging & Orthopedic Surgery, Hallym University-Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon 200704, Korea.
| | - Myung-Sun Hong
- Institute for Skeletal Aging & Orthopedic Surgery, Hallym University-Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon 200704, Korea.
| | - Dong-Keun Song
- Institute for Skeletal Aging & Orthopedic Surgery, Hallym University-Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon 200704, Korea.
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Honda M, Shirasaki T, Shimakami T, Sakai A, Horii R, Arai K, Yamashita T, Sakai Y, Yamashita T, Okada H, Murai K, Nakamura M, Mizukoshi E, Kaneko S. Hepatic interferon-stimulated genes are differentially regulated in the liver of chronic hepatitis C patients with different interleukin-28B genotypes. Hepatology 2014; 59:828-38. [PMID: 24311440 DOI: 10.1002/hep.26788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2013] [Accepted: 09/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Pretreatment up-regulation of hepatic interferon (IFN)-stimulated genes (ISGs) has a stronger association with the treatment-resistant interleukin (IL)28B minor genotype (MI; TG/GG at rs8099917) than with the treatment-sensitive IL28B major genotype (MA; TT at rs8099917). We compared the expression of ISGs in the liver and blood of 146 patients with chronic hepatitis C who received pegylated IFN and ribavirin combination therapy. Gene expression profiles in the liver and blood of 85 patients were analyzed using an Affymetrix GeneChip (Affymetrix, Santa Clara, CA). ISG expression was correlated between the liver and blood of the MA patients, whereas no correlation was observed in the MI patients. This loss of correlation was the result of the impaired infiltration of immune cells into the liver lobules of MI patients, as demonstrated by regional gene expression analysis in liver lobules and portal areas using laser capture microdissection and immunohistochemical staining. Despite having lower levels of immune cells, hepatic ISGs were up-regulated in the liver of MI patients and they were found to be regulated by multiple factors, namely, IL28A/B, IFN-λ4, and wingless-related MMTV integration site 5A (WNT5A). Interestingly, WNT5A induced the expression of ISGs, but also increased hepatitis C virus replication by inducing the expression of the stress granule protein, GTPase-activating protein (SH3 domain)-binding protein 1 (G3BP1), in the Huh-7 cell line. In the liver, the expression of WNT5A and its receptor, frizzled family receptor 5, was significantly correlated with G3BP1. CONCLUSIONS Immune cells were lost and induced the expression of other inflammatory mediators, such as WNT5A, in the liver of IL28B minor genotype patients. This might be related to the high level of hepatic ISG expression in these patients and the treatment-resistant phenotype of the IL28B minor genotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masao Honda
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Japan; Department of Advanced Medical Technology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Health Medicine, Kanazawa, Japan
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40
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Kwack MH, Kim MK, Kim JC, Sung YK. Wnt5a attenuates Wnt/β-catenin signalling in human dermal papilla cells. Exp Dermatol 2013; 22:229-31. [PMID: 23489428 DOI: 10.1111/exd.12101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Findings of recent studies have demonstrated modulation of Wnt/β-catenin signalling by Wnt5a, which is highly expressed in hair follicular dermal papilla (DP) in vivo. Here, we investigated the question of whether Wnt5a can affect canonical Wnt/β-catenin signalling in DP cells. Treatment with Wnt5a resulted in attenuation of Wnt3a-mediated elevation of β-catenin signalling, which was increased by Wnt5a siRNA transfection in cultured DP cells, as examined by reporter assay. In addition, treatment with Wnt5a resulted in repressed Wnt3a-mediated expression of Axin2, EP2 and LEF1 in cultured DP cells, whereas Wnt5a siRNA transfection resulted in increased Wnt3a-mediated expression of the genes in isolated DPs of cultured hair follicles. Moreover, treatment with Wnt5a resulted in attenuation of Wnt3a-mediated accumulation of β-catenin in the nucleus in DP cells. Our data strongly suggest that Wnt5a acts as an autocrine factor and attenuates canonical Wnt signalling pathway in human DP cells.
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41
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Augustin I, Gross J, Baumann D, Korn C, Kerr G, Grigoryan T, Mauch C, Birchmeier W, Boutros M. Loss of epidermal Evi/Wls results in a phenotype resembling psoriasiform dermatitis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 210:1761-77. [PMID: 23918954 PMCID: PMC3754868 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20121871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The Wnt cargo receptor Evi maintains normal skin homeostasis and barrier function via Wnt secretion in the epidermis. Cells of the epidermis renew constantly from germinal layer stem cells. Although epithelial cell differentiation has been studied in great detail and the role of Wnt signaling in this process is well described, the contribution of epidermal Wnt secretion in epithelial cell homeostasis remains poorly understood. To analyze the role of Wnt proteins in this process, we created a conditional knockout allele of the Wnt cargo receptor Evi/Gpr177/Wntless and studied mice that lacked Evi expression in the epidermis. We found that K14-Cre, Evi-LOF mice lost their hair during the first hair cycle, showing a reddish skin with impaired skin barrier function. Expression profiling of mutant and wild-type skin revealed up-regulation of inflammation-associated genes. Furthermore, we found that Evi expression in psoriatic skin biopsies is down-regulated, suggesting that Evi-deficient mice developed skin lesions that resemble human psoriasis. Immune cell infiltration was detected in Evi-LOF skin. Interestingly, an age-dependent depletion of dendritic epidermal T cells (DETCs) and an infiltration of γδlow T cells in Evi mutant epidermis was observed. Collectively, the described inflammatory skin phenotype in Evi-deficient mice revealed an essential role of Wnt secretion in maintaining normal skin homeostasis by enabling a balanced epidermal-dermal cross talk, which affects immune cell recruitment and DETC survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Augustin
- Division of Signaling and Functional Genomics and 2 Division of Vascular Oncology and Metastasis, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany.
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42
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Puig KL, Combs CK. Expression and function of APP and its metabolites outside the central nervous system. Exp Gerontol 2012; 48:608-11. [PMID: 22846461 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2012.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2012] [Revised: 07/12/2012] [Accepted: 07/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Amyloid precursor protein (APP) derived amyloid beta (Aβ) peptides have been extensively investigated in Alzheimer's disease pathology of the brain. However, the function of full length APP in the central nervous system remains unclear. Even less is known about the function of this ubiquitously expressed protein and its metabolites outside of the central nervous system. This review summarizes key aspects of the current understanding of the expression and function of APP and its proteolytic fragments in specific non-neuronal tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kendra L Puig
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Therapeutics, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND 58203, USA
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43
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Kikuchi A, Yamamoto H, Sato A, Matsumoto S. New insights into the mechanism of Wnt signaling pathway activation. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2012; 291:21-71. [PMID: 22017973 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-386035-4.00002-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 208] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Wnts compromise a large family of secreted, hydrophobic glycoproteins that control a variety of developmental and adult processes in all metazoan organisms. Recent advances in the Wnt-signal studies have revealed that distinct Wnts activate multiple intracellular cascades that regulate cellular proliferation, differentiation, migration, and polarity. Although the mechanism by which Wnts regulate different pathways selectively remains to be clarified, evidence has accumulated that in addition to the formation of ligand-receptor pairs, phosphorylation of receptors, receptor-mediated endocytosis, acidification, and the presence of cofactors, such as heparan sulfate proteoglycans, are also involved in the activation of specific Wnt pathways. Here, we review the mechanism of activation in Wnt signaling initiated on the cell-surface membrane. In addition, the mechanisms for fine-tuning by cross talk between Wnt and other signaling are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Kikuchi
- Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
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44
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Pourreyron C, Reilly L, Proby C, Panteleyev A, Fleming C, McLean K, South AP, Foerster J. Wnt5a is strongly expressed at the leading edge in non-melanoma skin cancer, forming active gradients, while canonical Wnt signalling is repressed. PLoS One 2012; 7:e31827. [PMID: 22384081 PMCID: PMC3285195 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0031827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2011] [Accepted: 01/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Wnt5a is one of the so-called non-canonical Wnt ligands which do not act through β-catenin. In normal development, Wnt5a is secreted and directs the migration of target cells along concentration gradients. The effect of Wnt5a on target cells is regulated by many factors, including the expression level of inhibitors and receptors. Dysregulated Wnt5a signalling facilitates invasion of multiple tumor types into adjacent tissue. However, the expression and distribution of Wnt5a in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and basal cell carcinoma (BCC), as well as the effect of Wnt5a on keratinocyte migration has not been studied in detail to date. We here report that Wnt5a is upregulated in SCC and BCC and localised to the leading edge of tumors, as well as tumor-associated fibroblasts. The Wnt5a-triggered bundling of its receptor Fzd3 provides evidence of Wnt5a concentration gradients projecting into the tumor. In vitro migration assays show that Wnt5a concentration gradients determine its effect on keratinoctye migration: While chemotactic migration is inhibited by Wnt5a present in homogenous concentrations, it is enhanced in the presence of a Wnt5a gradient. Expression profiling of the Wnt pathway shows that the upregulation of Wnt5a in SCC is coupled to repression of canonical Wnt signalling. This is confirmed by immunohistochemistry showing lack of nuclear β-catenin, as well as absent accumulation of Axin2. Since both types of Wnt signalling act mutually antogonistically at multiple levels, the concurrent repression of canonical Wnt signalling suggests hyper-active Wnt5a signal transduction. Significantly, this combination of gene dysregulation is not observed in the benign hyperproliferative inflammatory skin disease psoriasis. Collectively, our data strongly suggest that Wnt5a signalling contributes to tissue invasion by non-melanoma skin cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celine Pourreyron
- Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine, Dentistry, and Nursing, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Centre Dundee, College of Medicine, Dentistry, and Nursing, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland
| | - Louise Reilly
- Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine, Dentistry, and Nursing, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Centre Dundee, College of Medicine, Dentistry, and Nursing, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland
| | - Charlotte Proby
- Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine, Dentistry, and Nursing, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Dentistry, and Nursing, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Centre Dundee, College of Medicine, Dentistry, and Nursing, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland
| | - Andrey Panteleyev
- Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine, Dentistry, and Nursing, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Centre Dundee, College of Medicine, Dentistry, and Nursing, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland
| | - Colin Fleming
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Dentistry, and Nursing, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland
- Education Division, College of Medicine, Dentistry, and Nursing, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland
| | - Kathleen McLean
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Centre Dundee, College of Medicine, Dentistry, and Nursing, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland
- Tayside Tissue Bank, College of Medicine, Dentistry, and Nursing, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland
| | - Andrew P. South
- Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine, Dentistry, and Nursing, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Centre Dundee, College of Medicine, Dentistry, and Nursing, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland
| | - John Foerster
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Dentistry, and Nursing, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland
- Education Division, College of Medicine, Dentistry, and Nursing, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland
- * E-mail:
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45
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Paternoster L, Standl M, Chen CM, Ramasamy A, Bønnelykke K, Duijts L, Ferreira MA, Alves AC, Thyssen JP, Albrecht E, Baurecht H, Feenstra B, Sleiman PMA, Hysi P, Warrington NM, Curjuric I, Myhre R, Curtin JA, Groen-Blokhuis MM, Kerkhof M, Sääf A, Franke A, Ellinghaus D, Fölster-Holst R, Dermitzakis E, Montgomery SB, Prokisch H, Heim K, Hartikainen AL, Pouta A, Pekkanen J, Blakemore AIF, Buxton JL, Kaakinen M, Duffy DL, Madden PA, Heath AC, Montgomery GW, Thompson PJ, Matheson MC, Le Souëf P, Pourcain BS, Smith GD, Henderson J, Kemp JP, Timpson NJ, Deloukas P, Ring SM, Wichmann HE, Müller-Nurasyid M, Novak N, Klopp N, Rodríguez E, McArdle W, Linneberg A, Menné T, Nohr EA, Hofman A, Uitterlinden AG, van Duijn CM, Rivadeneira F, de Jongste JC, van der Valk RJP, Wjst M, Jogi R, Geller F, Boyd HA, Murray JC, Kim C, Mentch F, March M, Mangino M, Spector TD, Bataille V, Pennell CE, Holt PG, Sly P, Tiesler CMT, Thiering E, Illig T, Imboden M, Nystad W, Simpson A, Hottenga JJ, Postma D, Koppelman GH, Smit HA, Söderhäll C, Chawes B, Kreiner-Møller E, Bisgaard H, Melén E, Boomsma DI, Custovic A, Jacobsson B, Probst-Hensch NM, Palmer LJ, Glass D, Hakonarson H, Melbye M, Jarvis DL, Jaddoe VWV, Gieger C, Strachan DP, Martin NG, Jarvelin MR, Heinrich J, Evans DM, Weidinger S. Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies identifies three new risk loci for atopic dermatitis. Nat Genet 2011; 44:187-92. [PMID: 22197932 PMCID: PMC3272375 DOI: 10.1038/ng.1017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 256] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2011] [Accepted: 11/01/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a commonly occurring chronic skin disease with high heritability. Apart from filaggrin (FLG), the genes influencing atopic dermatitis are largely unknown. We conducted a genome-wide association meta-analysis of 5,606 affected individuals and 20,565 controls from 16 population-based cohorts and then examined the ten most strongly associated new susceptibility loci in an additional 5,419 affected individuals and 19,833 controls from 14 studies. Three SNPs reached genome-wide significance in the discovery and replication cohorts combined, including rs479844 upstream of OVOL1 (odds ratio (OR) = 0.88, P = 1.1 × 10(-13)) and rs2164983 near ACTL9 (OR = 1.16, P = 7.1 × 10(-9)), both of which are near genes that have been implicated in epidermal proliferation and differentiation, as well as rs2897442 in KIF3A within the cytokine cluster at 5q31.1 (OR = 1.11, P = 3.8 × 10(-8)). We also replicated association with the FLG locus and with two recently identified association signals at 11q13.5 (rs7927894; P = 0.008) and 20q13.33 (rs6010620; P = 0.002). Our results underline the importance of both epidermal barrier function and immune dysregulation in atopic dermatitis pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lavinia Paternoster
- MRC CAiTE centre, School of Social & Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Marie Standl
- Institute of Epidemiology I, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Chih-Mei Chen
- Hannover Medical School, Department for Paediatric Pneumology, Allergy and Neonatology, Hannover, Germany
| | - Adaikalavan Ramasamy
- Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health, Imperial College London, United Kingdom
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, United Kingdom
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Kings College London, Guy’s Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Klaus Bønnelykke
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood; Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen & Copenhagen University Hospital, Gentofte, Denmark
| | - Liesbeth Duijts
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Respiratory Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Alexessander Couto Alves
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, United Kingdom
| | - Jacob P Thyssen
- National Allergy Research Centre, Department of Dermato-Allergology, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Eva Albrecht
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Hansjörg Baurecht
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- ZAUM-Center for Allergy and Environment, Helmholtz-Zentrum and Technische Universität, Munich, Germany
- Graduate School of Information Science in Health, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Bjarke Feenstra
- Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Patrick MA Sleiman
- The Center for Applied Genomics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Pirro Hysi
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King’s College London
| | - Nicole M Warrington
- School of Women’s and Infants’ Health, The University of Western Australia, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Ivan Curjuric
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (SwissTPH), Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ronny Myhre
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Department of Genes and Environment, Division of Epidemiology, Oslo, Norway
| | - John A Curtin
- The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, NIHR Translational Research Facility in Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital of South Manchester NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | | | - Marjan Kerkhof
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Allergology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, GRIAC research institute, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Annika Sääf
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andre Franke
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - David Ellinghaus
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Regina Fölster-Holst
- Department of Dermatology, Allergology, and Venerology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Emmanouil Dermitzakis
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, 1211 Switzerland
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen B Montgomery
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, 1211 Switzerland
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Holger Prokisch
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Katharina Heim
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | | | - Anneli Pouta
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Oulu
- Department of Children, Young People and Families, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Finland
| | - Juha Pekkanen
- Department of Environmental Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Kuopio, Finland
| | | | | | - Marika Kaakinen
- Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - David L Duffy
- Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Pamela A Madden
- Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, United States
| | - Andrew C Heath
- Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, United States
| | | | - Philip J Thompson
- Lung Institute of Western Australia (WA) and Centre for Asthma, Allergy and Respiratory Research, University of WA, Perth, Australia
| | - Melanie C Matheson
- Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic and Analytic Epidemiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Peter Le Souëf
- School of Paediatrics and Child Health, Princess Margaret Hospital for Children, Perth, Australia
| | - AAGC collaborators
- Australian Asthma Genetics Consortium, a full list of collaborators is included in the Supplementary Note
| | - Beate St Pourcain
- The School of Social & Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - George Davey Smith
- MRC CAiTE centre, School of Social & Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - John Henderson
- The School of Social & Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - John P Kemp
- MRC CAiTE centre, School of Social & Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Nicholas J Timpson
- MRC CAiTE centre, School of Social & Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Panos Deloukas
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Susan M Ring
- The School of Social & Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - H-Erich Wichmann
- Institute of Epidemiology I, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Chair of Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
- Klinikum Grosshadern, Munich, Germany
| | - Martina Müller-Nurasyid
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Chair of Epidemiology and Chair of Genetic Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Natalija Novak
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University of Bonn Medical Center, Bonn, Germany
| | - Norman Klopp
- Unit for Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Elke Rodríguez
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- ZAUM-Center for Allergy and Environment, Helmholtz-Zentrum and Technische Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Wendy McArdle
- University of Bristol, ALSPAC Laboratory, School of Social & Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Allan Linneberg
- Research Center for Prevention and Health, Glostrup University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Torkil Menné
- National Allergy Research Centre, Department of Dermato-Allergology, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ellen A Nohr
- Institute of Public Health, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Albert Hofman
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - André G Uitterlinden
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Fernando Rivadeneira
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Johan C de Jongste
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Respiratory Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ralf JP van der Valk
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Respiratory Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Matthias Wjst
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center and Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Rain Jogi
- Lung Clinic, Tartu University, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Frank Geller
- Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Heather A Boyd
- Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Cecilia Kim
- The Center for Applied Genomics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Frank Mentch
- The Center for Applied Genomics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Michael March
- The Center for Applied Genomics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Massimo Mangino
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King’s College London
| | - Tim D Spector
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King’s College London
| | - Veronique Bataille
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King’s College London
| | - Craig E Pennell
- School of Women’s and Infants’ Health, The University of Western Australia, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Patrick G Holt
- Telethon Institute for Child Health Research and Centre for Child Health Research, The University of Western Australia, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Peter Sly
- Queensland Children’s Medical Research Institute; University of Queensland; WHO Collaborating Centre for Research on Children’s Environmental Health, Queensland, Australia
| | - Carla MT Tiesler
- Institute of Epidemiology I, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Division of Metabolic Diseases and Nutritional Medicine, Dr von Hauner Children’s Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Thiering
- Institute of Epidemiology I, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Illig
- Unit for Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Medea Imboden
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (SwissTPH), Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Wenche Nystad
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Division of Epidemiology, Oslo, Norway
| | - Angela Simpson
- The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, NIHR Translational Research Facility in Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital of South Manchester NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Jouke-Jan Hottenga
- Department of Biological Psychology, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dirkje Postma
- Department of Pulmonology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Gerard H Koppelman
- Dpt of Pediatric Pulmonology and Pediatric Allergology, Beatrix Children ’s Hospital, GRIAC research institute, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Henriette A Smit
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Cilla Söderhäll
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bo Chawes
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood; Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen & Copenhagen University Hospital, Gentofte, Denmark
| | - Eskil Kreiner-Møller
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood; Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen & Copenhagen University Hospital, Gentofte, Denmark
| | - Hans Bisgaard
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood; Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen & Copenhagen University Hospital, Gentofte, Denmark
| | - Erik Melén
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Astrid Lindgren Children’s Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dorret I Boomsma
- Department of Biological Psychology, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Adnan Custovic
- The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, NIHR Translational Research Facility in Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital of South Manchester NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Bo Jacobsson
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Department of Genes and Environment, Division of Epidemiology, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Sahlgrenska Academy, Göteborg University, Sweden
| | - Nicole M Probst-Hensch
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (SwissTPH), Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Lyle J Palmer
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto; University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Daniel Glass
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King’s College London
| | - Hakon Hakonarson
- The Center for Applied Genomics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pediatric, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mads Melbye
- Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Deborah L Jarvis
- Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health, Imperial College London, United Kingdom
| | - Vincent WV Jaddoe
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Christian Gieger
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - The GOYA consortium
- The Genetics of Overweight Young Adults consortium, list of members in Supplementary Note
| | - David P Strachan
- Division of Population Health Sciences and Education, St George’s, University of London, London, UK
| | | | - Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, United Kingdom
- Institute of Health Sciences, Biocenter, University of Oulu, Finland
- National Institute of Health and Welfare, Finland
| | - Joachim Heinrich
- Institute of Epidemiology I, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - David M Evans
- MRC CAiTE centre, School of Social & Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Stephan Weidinger
- Department of Dermatology, Allergology, and Venerology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
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Xing Y, Xu W, Yang K, Lian X, Yang T. Immunolocalization of Wnt5a during the hair cycle and its role in hair shaft growth in mice. Acta Histochem 2011; 113:608-12. [PMID: 20656336 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2010.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2010] [Revised: 06/15/2010] [Accepted: 06/20/2010] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that the Wnt signaling pathway plays an important role in the growth and development of hair follicles. It has been generally accepted that Wnt5a, a non-canonical Wnt gene, inhibits the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Several reports have addressed its mRNA expression in embryonic and postnatal hair follicles, but its exact role in the growth of hair follicles is currently unknown. In this study, we investigated the immunolocalization of Wnt5a protein in pelages of the dorsal skin and whisker follicles of mice. We found that in the anagen phase, dermal papilla cells showed the highest staining levels of Wnt5a protein, while in the catagen and the telogen phases the staining levels were lower. During the growth stage, Wnt5a protein was prominently located in the matrix and precortex cells in addition to the inner root sheath, outer root sheath and the dermal papilla. As the hair cycle progresses, the immunostaining of Wnt5a was gradually decreased in the catagen phase and was located in the bulge and secondary hair germ in the telogen phase. This Wnt5a immunostaining profile was consistent between dorsal skin pelages and whisker follicles. Furthermore, in an in vitro study using whisker follicle organ culture, we demonstrated that the growth of the hair shaft was significantly inhibited by adenovirus Wnt5a. Our findings suggest that Wnt5a is a dynamic factor in the hair cycle and it is important for the regulation of hair shaft growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- YiZhan Xing
- Department of Cell Biology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
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The cycad genotoxin MAM modulates brain cellular pathways involved in neurodegenerative disease and cancer in a DNA damage-linked manner. PLoS One 2011; 6:e20911. [PMID: 21731631 PMCID: PMC3121718 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0020911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2011] [Accepted: 05/16/2011] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Methylazoxymethanol (MAM), the genotoxic metabolite of the cycad azoxyglucoside cycasin, induces genetic alterations in bacteria, yeast, plants, insects and mammalian cells, but adult nerve cells are thought to be unaffected. We show that the brains of adult C57BL6 wild-type mice treated with a single systemic dose of MAM acetate display DNA damage (O6-methyldeoxyguanosine lesions, O6-mG) that remains constant up to 7 days post-treatment. By contrast, MAM-treated mice lacking a functional gene encoding the DNA repair enzyme O6-mG DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) showed elevated O6-mG DNA damage starting at 48 hours post-treatment. The DNA damage was linked to changes in the expression of genes in cell-signaling pathways associated with cancer, human neurodegenerative disease, and neurodevelopmental disorders. These data are consistent with the established developmental neurotoxic and carcinogenic properties of MAM in rodents. They also support the hypothesis that early-life exposure to MAM-glucoside (cycasin) has an etiological association with a declining, prototypical neurodegenerative disease seen in Guam, Japan, and New Guinea populations that formerly used the neurotoxic cycad plant for food or medicine, or both. These findings suggest environmental genotoxins, specifically MAM, target common pathways involved in neurodegeneration and cancer, the outcome depending on whether the cell can divide (cancer) or not (neurodegeneration). Exposure to MAM-related environmental genotoxins may have relevance to the etiology of related tauopathies, notably, Alzheimer's disease.
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48
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Röschmann KIL, Luiten S, Jonker MJ, Breit TM, Fokkens WJ, Petersen A, van Drunen CM. Timothy grass pollen extract-induced gene expression and signalling pathways in airway epithelial cells. Clin Exp Allergy 2011; 41:830-41. [PMID: 21477208 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2011.03713.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Grass pollen allergy is one of the most common allergies worldwide and airborne allergens are the major cause of allergic rhinitis. Airway epithelial cells (AECs) are the first to encounter and respond to aeroallergens and are therefore interesting targets for the development of new therapeutics. Our understanding of the epithelial contribution to immune responses is limited as most studies focus on only a few individual genes or proteins. OBJECTIVE To describe in detail the Timothy grass pollen extract (GPE)-induced gene expression in AECs. METHODS NCI-H292 cells were exposed to GPE for 24 h, and isolated RNA and cell culture supernatants were used for microarray analysis and multiplex ELISA, respectively. RESULTS Eleven thousand and seven hundred fifty-eight transcripts were affected after exposure to GPE, with 141 genes up-regulated and 121 genes down-regulated by more than threefold. The gene ontology group cell communication was among the most prominent categories. Network analysis revealed that a substantial part of regulated genes are related to the cytokines IL-6, IL-8, IL-1A, and the transcription factor FOS. After analysing significantly regulated signalling pathways, we found, among others, epidermal growth factor receptor 1, IL-1, Notch-, and Wnt-related signalling members. Unexpectedly, we found Jagged to be down-regulated and an increased release of IL-12, in line with a more Th1-biased response induced by GPE. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Our data show that the stimulation of AECs with GPE results in the induction of a broad response on RNA and protein level by which they are able to affect the initiation and regulation of local immune responses. Detailed understanding of GPE-induced genes and signalling pathways will allow us to better define the pathogenesis of the allergic response and to identify new targets for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- K I L Röschmann
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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49
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Suárez-Fariñas M, Fuentes-Duculan J, Lowes MA, Krueger JG. Resolved psoriasis lesions retain expression of a subset of disease-related genes. J Invest Dermatol 2010; 131:391-400. [PMID: 20861854 DOI: 10.1038/jid.2010.280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a complex inflammatory disease that usually heals without visible scarring. Histological evaluation often suggests complete resolution, but reversal of genomic disease-associated alterations has not yet been defined. Gene expression profiling was used to determine the extent to which the psoriasis genes were reversed after 3 months of etanercept treatment in patients who responded to treatment. We reviewed the histology, leukocyte counts, and PCR data for inflammatory genes, to compare recovery of these parameters and the genomic studies. Many cellular markers do return close to nonlesional levels, although five inflammatory genes did not improve by >75% (IL-12p35, MX1, IL-22, IL-17, and IFNγ). Psoriasis-related genes with <75% improvement were defined as comprising a "residual disease genomic profile," composed of 248 probe sets. Genes of interest in psoriasis tissue that did not return to baseline included LYVE-1, WNT5A, RAB31, and AQP9. It appears that even when the epidermal reaction in psoriasis is fully resolved, inflammation, as defined by expression of key cytokines and chemokines, is not completely resolved in treated lesions. We also found that structural cells of the skin continued to express molecular alterations, and that some subtle features of skin structure, for example, lymphatics, were not fully normalized with treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayte Suárez-Fariñas
- The Laboratory for Investigative Dermatology, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065, USA
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50
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Gudjonsson JE, Johnston A, Stoll SW, Riblett MB, Xing X, Kochkodan JJ, Ding J, Nair RP, Aphale A, Voorhees JJ, Elder JT. Evidence for altered Wnt signaling in psoriatic skin. J Invest Dermatol 2010; 130:1849-59. [PMID: 20376066 DOI: 10.1038/jid.2010.67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The Wnt gene family encodes a set of highly conserved secreted signaling proteins that have major roles in embryogenesis and tissue homeostasis. Yet the expression of this family of important mediators in psoriasis, a disease characterized by marked changes in keratinocyte growth and differentiation, is incompletely understood. We subjected 58 paired biopsies from lesional and uninvolved psoriatic skin and 64 biopsies from normal skin to global gene expression profiling. WNT5A transcripts were upregulated fivefold in lesional skin, accompanied by increased Wnt-5a protein levels. Notably, WNT5A mRNA was markedly induced by IL-1alpha, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, IFN-gamma, and transforming growth factor-alpha in cultured keratinocytes. Frizzled 2 (FZD2) and FZD5, which encode receptors for Wnt5A, were also increased in lesional psoriatic skin. In contrast, expression of WIF1 mRNA, encoding a secreted antagonist of the Wnt proteins, was downregulated >10-fold in lesional skin, along with decreased WNT inhibitory factor (WIF)-1 immunostaining. Interestingly, pathway analysis along with reduced AXIN2 expression and lack of nuclear translocation of beta-catenin indicated a suppression of canonical Wnt signaling in lesional skin. The results of our study suggest a shift away from canonical Wnt signaling toward noncanonical pathways driven by interactions between Wnt-5a and its cognate receptors in psoriasis, accompanied by impaired homeostatic inhibition of Wnt signaling by WIF-1 and dickkopf.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johann E Gudjonsson
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.
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