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da Gama Oliveira V, Muxfeldt M, Muniz da Paz M, Silva Coutinho M, Eduardo dos Santos R, Diniz da Silva Ferretti G, Ferraz da Costa DC, Fonseca Regufe P, Lelis Gama I, da Costa Santos Boechat F, Silva Lima E, Ferreira VF, de Moraes MC, Bastos Vieira de Souza MC, Netto Batalha P, Pereira Rangel L. Naphthoquinone-Quinolone Hybrids with Antitumor Effects on Breast Cancer Cell Lines-From the Synthesis to 3D-Cell Culture Effects. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6490. [PMID: 38928197 PMCID: PMC11203957 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer stands as one of the foremost cause of cancer-related deaths globally, characterized by its varied molecular subtypes. Each subtype requires a distinct therapeutic strategy. Although advancements in treatment have enhanced patient outcomes, significant hurdles remain, including treatment toxicity and restricted effectiveness. Here, we explore the anticancer potential of novel 1,4-naphthoquinone/4-quinolone hybrids on breast cancer cell lines. The synthesized compounds demonstrated selective cytotoxicity against Luminal and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells, which represent the two main molecular types of breast cancer that depend most on cytotoxic chemotherapy, with potency comparable to doxorubicin, a standard chemotherapeutic widely used in breast cancer treatment. Notably, these derivatives exhibited superior selectivity indices (SI) when compared to doxorubicin, indicating lower toxicity towards non-tumor MCF10A cells. Compounds 11a and 11b displayed an improvement in IC50 values when compared to their precursor, 1,4-naphthoquinone, for both MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 and a comparable value to doxorubicin for MCF-7 cells. Also, their SI values were superior to those seen for the two reference compounds for both cell lines tested. Mechanistic studies revealed the ability of the compounds to induce apoptosis and inhibit clonogenic potential. Additionally, the irreversibility of their effects on cell viability underscores their promising therapeutic utility. In 3D-cell culture models, the compounds induced morphological changes indicative of reduced viability, supporting their efficacy in a more physiologically relevant model of study. The pharmacokinetics of the synthesized compounds were predicted using the SwissADME webserver, indicating that these compounds exhibit favorable drug-likeness properties and potential as antitumor agents. Overall, our findings underscore the promise of these hybrid compounds as potential candidates for breast cancer chemotherapy, emphasizing their selectivity and efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa da Gama Oliveira
- Instituto Nacional de Infectologia, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, RJ, Brazil;
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niteroi 24020-141, RJ, Brazil; (M.S.C.); (P.F.R.); (I.L.G.); (F.d.C.S.B.); (M.C.d.M.); (M.C.B.V.d.S.)
| | - Marcelly Muxfeldt
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, RJ, Brazil; (M.M.); (M.M.d.P.); (R.E.d.S.)
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Manaus 69067-005, AM, Brazil;
| | - Mariana Muniz da Paz
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, RJ, Brazil; (M.M.); (M.M.d.P.); (R.E.d.S.)
| | - Mayra Silva Coutinho
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niteroi 24020-141, RJ, Brazil; (M.S.C.); (P.F.R.); (I.L.G.); (F.d.C.S.B.); (M.C.d.M.); (M.C.B.V.d.S.)
| | - Raissa Eduardo dos Santos
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, RJ, Brazil; (M.M.); (M.M.d.P.); (R.E.d.S.)
| | - Giulia Diniz da Silva Ferretti
- Instituto de Bioquimica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, RJ, Brazil;
| | | | - Pedro Fonseca Regufe
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niteroi 24020-141, RJ, Brazil; (M.S.C.); (P.F.R.); (I.L.G.); (F.d.C.S.B.); (M.C.d.M.); (M.C.B.V.d.S.)
| | - Ivson Lelis Gama
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niteroi 24020-141, RJ, Brazil; (M.S.C.); (P.F.R.); (I.L.G.); (F.d.C.S.B.); (M.C.d.M.); (M.C.B.V.d.S.)
- Faculdade da Amazônia Legal, Colider 78500-000, MT, Brazil
| | - Fernanda da Costa Santos Boechat
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niteroi 24020-141, RJ, Brazil; (M.S.C.); (P.F.R.); (I.L.G.); (F.d.C.S.B.); (M.C.d.M.); (M.C.B.V.d.S.)
| | - Emersom Silva Lima
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Manaus 69067-005, AM, Brazil;
| | | | - Marcela Cristina de Moraes
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niteroi 24020-141, RJ, Brazil; (M.S.C.); (P.F.R.); (I.L.G.); (F.d.C.S.B.); (M.C.d.M.); (M.C.B.V.d.S.)
| | - Maria Cecília Bastos Vieira de Souza
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niteroi 24020-141, RJ, Brazil; (M.S.C.); (P.F.R.); (I.L.G.); (F.d.C.S.B.); (M.C.d.M.); (M.C.B.V.d.S.)
| | - Pedro Netto Batalha
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niteroi 24020-141, RJ, Brazil; (M.S.C.); (P.F.R.); (I.L.G.); (F.d.C.S.B.); (M.C.d.M.); (M.C.B.V.d.S.)
| | - Luciana Pereira Rangel
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, RJ, Brazil; (M.M.); (M.M.d.P.); (R.E.d.S.)
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Adly ME, Gedawy EM, El-Malah AA, Khalil OM. Design, synthesis and in vitro anticancer activity of some new lomefloxacin derivatives. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6175. [PMID: 38485748 PMCID: PMC10940605 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56313-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Our main goal was to design and synthesize novel lomefloxacin derivatives that inhibit the topoisomerase II enzyme, leading to potent anticancer activity. Lomefloxacin derivatives substituted at position 3 and 7 were synthesized and screened for cytotoxic activity utilizing 60 different human cancer cell lines. Furthermore, compounds 3a,b,c,e that revealed potent broad-spectrum anticancer activity (with mean percent GI more than 47%) were further evaluated using five dose concentrations and calculating the GI50. Compound 3e was then evaluated for cell cycle analysis and demonstrated cell cycle arrest at the G2-M phase. Moreover, the mechanism of action was determined by determining the topoisomerase inhibitory activity and the molecular modeling study. Compounds 3a,b,c,e showed broad spectrum anticancer activity. Lomefloxacin derivative 5f showed selective cytotoxic activity against melanoma SK-MEL-5 cell line. Compound 3e demonstrated comparable topoisomerase II inhibition to doxorubicin with IC50 of 0.98 µM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina E Adly
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, 33 Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo, 11562, Egypt.
| | - Ehab M Gedawy
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, 33 Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo, Cairo, 11829, Egypt
| | - Afaf A El-Malah
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, 33 Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Omneya M Khalil
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, 33 Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
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Mann CA, Carvajal Moreno JJ, Lu Y, Dellos-Nolan S, Wozniak DJ, Yalowich JC, Mitton-Fry MJ. Novel bacterial topoisomerase inhibitors: unique targeting activities of amide enzyme-binding motifs for tricyclic analogs. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2023; 67:e0048223. [PMID: 37724886 PMCID: PMC10583662 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00482-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance has made a sizeable impact on public health and continues to threaten the effectiveness of antibacterial therapies. Novel bacterial topoisomerase inhibitors (NBTIs) are a promising class of antibacterial agents with a unique binding mode and distinct pharmacology that enables them to evade existing resistance mechanisms. The clinical development of NBTIs has been plagued by several issues, including cardiovascular safety. Herein, we report a sub-series of tricyclic NBTIs bearing an amide linkage that displays promising antibacterial activity, potent dual-target inhibition of DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV (TopoIV), as well as improved cardiovascular safety and metabolic profiles. These amide NBTIs induced both single- and double-strand breaks in pBR322 DNA mediated by Staphylococcus aureus DNA gyrase, in contrast to prototypical NBTIs that cause only single-strand breaks. Unexpectedly, amides 1a and 1b targeted human topoisomerase IIα (TOP2α) causing both single- and double-strand breaks in pBR322 DNA, and induced DNA strand breaks in intact human leukemia K562 cells. In addition, anticancer drug-resistant K/VP.5 cells containing decreased levels of TOP2α were cross-resistant to amides 1a and 1b. Together, these results demonstrate broad spectrum antibacterial properties of selected tricyclic NBTIs, desirable safety profiles, an unusual ability to induce DNA double-stranded breaks, and activity against human TOP2α. Future work will be directed toward optimization and development of tricyclic NBTIs with potent and selective activity against bacteria. Finally, the current results may provide an additional avenue for development of selective anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chelsea A. Mann
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Jessika J. Carvajal Moreno
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Yanran Lu
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Sheri Dellos-Nolan
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Daniel J. Wozniak
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Jack C. Yalowich
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Mark J. Mitton-Fry
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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Mino T, Ureshino H, Ueshima T, Kashimoto N, Yamaguchi T, Naka K, Inaba T, Ichinohe T. A novel anticancer quinolone, (R)-WAC-224, has anti-leukemia activities against acute myeloid leukemia. Invest New Drugs 2023; 41:751-760. [PMID: 37702844 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-023-01393-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Approximately 60%-80% of patients who achieve complete remission eventually relapse after conventional chemotherapy and have poor prognoses despite the recent advances of novel anticancer agents. Continuing development of more effective novel treatments for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is necessary. We developed (R)-WAC-224 (R-WAC), which is an anticancer quinolone, targeting topoisomerase II. This study evaluated the anti-leukemia potential of R-WAC or racemic WAC-224 (WAC) in vitro and in vivo. R-WAC significantly inhibited the human AML cell line proliferation (MV4-11, HL60, and KG1a), which was comparable to daunorubicin and cytarabine, not affected by P-glycoprotein overexpression. WAC did neither increase serum troponin-T nor decrease the crypt numbers in the small intestine, indicating WAC was less toxic than doxorubicin. R-WAC monotherapy demonstrated prolonged survival in the AML mice model and inhibited tumor growth in the MV4-11 xenograft mice model. Moreover, the combination of R-WAC and cytarabine demonstrated more active anti-leukemia effects than daunorubicin and cytarabine. Finally, R-WAC inhibited the colony-forming abilities using primary AML cells. These results indicate that R-WAC is a promising therapeutic agent for AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuji Mino
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ureshino
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.
| | - Taichi Ueshima
- Drug Discovery Laboratory, Wakunaga Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Naoki Kashimoto
- Drug Discovery Laboratory, Wakunaga Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Tomonori Yamaguchi
- Drug Discovery Laboratory, Wakunaga Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kazuhito Naka
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Toshiya Inaba
- Department of Molecular Oncology and Leukemia Program Project, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Ichinohe
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
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Singh Y, Bhatia N, Biharee A, Kulkarni S, Thareja S, Monga V. Developing our knowledge of the quinolone scaffold and its value to anticancer drug design. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2023; 18:1151-1167. [PMID: 37592843 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2023.2246366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The quinolone scaffold is a bicyclic benzene-pyridinic ring scaffold with nitrogen at the first position and a carbonyl group at the second or fourth position. It is endowed with a diverse spectrum of pharmacological activities, including antitumor activity, and has progressed into various development phases of clinical trials for their target-specific anticancer activity. AREAS COVERED The present review covers both classes of quinolones, i.e. quinolin-2(H)-one and quinolin-4(H)-one as anticancer agents, along with their possible mode of binding. Furthermore, their structure-activity relationships, molecular mechanisms, and pharmacokinetic properties are also covered to provide insight into their structural requirements for their rational design as anticancer agents. EXPERT OPINION Synthetic feasibility and ease of derivatization at multiple positions, has allowed medicinal chemists to explore quinolones and their chemical diversity to discover newer anticancer agents. The presence of both hydrogen bond donor (-NH) and acceptor (-C=O) functionality in the basic scaffold at two different positions, has broadened the research scope. In particular, substitution at the -NH functionality of the quinolone motif has provided ample space for suitable functionalization and appropriate substitution at the quinolone's third, sixth, and seventh carbons, resulting in selective anticancer agents binding specifically with various drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogesh Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
| | - Neha Bhatia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
| | - Avadh Biharee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
| | - Swanand Kulkarni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
| | - Suresh Thareja
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
| | - Vikramdeep Monga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
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Jeon KH, Park S, Shin JH, Jung AR, Hwang SY, Seo SH, Jo H, Na Y, Kwon Y. Synthesis and evaluation of 7-(3-aminopropyloxy)-substituted flavone analogue as a topoisomerase IIα catalytic inhibitor and its sensitizing effect to enzalutamide in castration-resistant prostate cancer cells. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 246:114999. [PMID: 36493620 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer patients primarily receive androgen receptor (AR)-targeted drugs as a primary treatment option because prostate cancer is associated with highly activated AR signaling. AR amplification made prostate cancer cells viable under treatment of AR-targeted therapy, leading to castration resistance. AR amplification was more common in enzalutamide-resistant patients. As a strategy to overcome castration resistance and to improve the efficacy of enzalutamide, second-generation nonsteroidal antiandrogen drugs for castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) including topoisomerase II (topo II) poisons such as etoposide and mitoxantrone, have been administered in combination with enzalutamide. In the present study, it was confirmed that amplification of topo IIα, but not I and IIβ, was directly and proportionally associated with poor clinical outcome of Prostate cancer. Among a novel series of newly designed and synthesized 7-(3-aminopropyloxy)-substituted flavone analogues, compound 6, the most potent derivative, was further characterized and identified as a topo IIα catalytic inhibitor that intercalates into DNA and binds to the DNA minor groove with better efficacy and less genotoxicity than etoposide, a topo II poison. Compound 6 showed remarkable efficacy in inhibiting AR-negative CRPC cell growth and sensitizing activity to enzalutamide in AR-positive CRPC cells, thus confirming the potential of topo IIα catalytic inhibitor to overcome resistance to androgen deprivation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Hwa Jeon
- College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Seojeong Park
- College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Ho Shin
- College of Pharmacy, CHA University, 120 Haeryong-ro, Pochon-shi, Gyeongghi-do, 11160, Republic of Korea
| | - Ah-Reum Jung
- College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Yeon Hwang
- College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hee Seo
- College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunji Jo
- College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Younghwa Na
- College of Pharmacy, CHA University, 120 Haeryong-ro, Pochon-shi, Gyeongghi-do, 11160, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngjoo Kwon
- College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea.
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Dube PS, Legoabe LJ, Beteck RM. Quinolone: a versatile therapeutic compound class. Mol Divers 2022:10.1007/s11030-022-10581-8. [PMID: 36527518 PMCID: PMC9758687 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-022-10581-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of nalidixic acid is one pinnacle in medicinal chemistry, which opened a new area of research that has led to the discovery of several life-saving antimicrobial agents (generally referred to as fluoroquinolones) for over decades. Although fluoroquinolones are frequently encountered in the literature, the utility of quinolone compounds extends far beyond the applications of fluoroquinolones. Quinolone-based compounds have been reported for activity against malaria, tuberculosis, fungal and helminth infections, etc. Hence, the quinolone scaffold is of great interest to several researchers in diverse disciplines. This article highlights the versatility of the quinolone pharmacophore as a therapeutic agent beyond the fluoroquinolone profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phelelisiwe S. Dube
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, 2520 South Africa
| | - Lesetja J. Legoabe
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, 2520 South Africa
| | - Richard M. Beteck
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, 2520 South Africa
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Hussein BH, Kasabri V, Al-Hiari Y, Arabiyat S, Ikhmais B, Alalawi S, Al-Qirim T. Selected Statins as Dual Antiproliferative-Antiinflammatory Compounds. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2022; 23:4047-4062. [PMID: 36579985 PMCID: PMC9971447 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2022.23.12.4047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We hypothesized that superlative dual cytotoxicity-antiinflammtion bioefficacies of 9 selected lipophilic statins correlate to their chelation effect of 3,5-dihydroxyheptanoic acid. METHODOLOGY Lipophilic-acid chelating statins have been screened for in vitro duality of proliferation inhibition and NO-radical scavenging capacities. RESULTS Their spectrum of selectivity indices for safety in PDL fibroblasts -based 72h incubations was reported. Surprisingly despite its lack on macrophages LPS-triggered inflammation over 5-200 µM and unlike the 8 statins; cerivastatin had growth inhibition IC50 values of 40nM (SW620), 110nM (HT29), 2.9 µM (HCT116), 6µM (SW480), and most notably 38µM (<50 µM, in Caco2). Exclusively cerivastatin exerted antitumorigenesis IC50 values <50 µM in all T47D, MCF7 and PANC1 72h cultures. In statins with greater antiinflammation affinity than indomethacin's; lovastatin had cytotoxicity IC50 values <20 µM in SW620<HT29<ACT116100 µM in Caco2. Atorvastatin was found of viability reduction IC50 value <20 µM in HCT11650µM in T47D, MCF7 and PANC1. Rosuvastatin had antineoplastic IC50 values (<50 µM) in SW620<SW48050 µM in remaining colorectal, breast and pancreatic cancer cell lines. In statins with appreciable antiinflammation but reasonably lower affinity than indomethacin's and cytotoxicity IC50 values >50µM in T47D, MCF7 and PANC1; pravastatin had viability reduction IC50 values <50µM in HT2950 µM were for statins in remaining colorectal cancer cell lines, breast cancer and pancreatic cancer cell lines. CONCLUSION Among the rest, cerivastatin warrants further novel scaffold development to maximize efficacy and optimal molecular action mechanisms of chemotherapy/prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Buchra Haj Hussein
- School of Pharmacy, University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Queen Rania Street, Jordan.
| | - Violet Kasabri
- School of Pharmacy, University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Queen Rania Street, Jordan. ,For Correspondence:
| | - Yusuf Al-Hiari
- School of Pharmacy, University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Queen Rania Street, Jordan. ,Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, P. O. Box 130, Amman 11733, Jordan.
| | | | - Balqis Ikhmais
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, P. O. Box 130, Amman 11733, Jordan.
| | - Sundus Alalawi
- School of Pharmacy, University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Queen Rania Street, Jordan.
| | - Tareq Al-Qirim
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, P. O. Box 130, Amman 11733, Jordan.
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Muacevic A, Adler JR, Rinaldi I, Wanandi SI. Resistance Mechanism of Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells Against Daunorubicin and Cytarabine: A Literature Review. Cureus 2022; 14:e33165. [PMID: 36726936 PMCID: PMC9885730 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.33165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a hematological malignancy commonly found in adult patients. Low overall survival and resistance to therapy are the main issues in AML. The first line of treatment for AML chemotherapy is the induction phase, namely, the phase to induce remission by administering a combination of daunorubicin (DNR) for three days followed by administration of cytarabine (Ara-C) with continuous infusion for seven days, which is referred to as "3 + 7." Such induction therapy has been the standard therapy for AML for the last four decades. This review article is made to discuss daunorubicin and cytarabine from their chemical structure, pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, and mechanisms of resistance in AML.
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Tetrahydroquinolinone derivatives exert antiproliferative effect on lung cancer cells through apoptosis induction. Sci Rep 2022; 12:19076. [PMID: 36352170 PMCID: PMC9646836 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23640-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The anticancer properties of quinolones is a topic of interest among researchers in the scientific world. Because these compounds do not cause side effects, unlike the commonly used cytostatics, they are considered a promising source of new anticancer drugs. In this work, we designed a brief synthetic pathway and obtained a series of novel 8-phenyltetrahydroquinolinone derivatives functionalized with benzyl-type moieties at position 3. The compounds were synthesized via classical reactions such as nucleophilic substitution, solvent lysis, and condensation. Biological evaluation revealed that 3-(1-naphthylmethyl)-4-phenyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1H-quinolin-2-one (4a) exhibited potent cytotoxicity toward colon (HTC-116) and lung (A549) cancer cell lines. Analysis of the mechanism of action of compounds showed that compound 4a induced cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase, leading to apoptotic cell death via intrinsic and extrinsic pathways. Taken together, the findings of the study suggest that tetrahydroquinolinone derivatives bearing a carbonyl group at position 2 could be potential lead compounds to develop anticancer agents for the treatment of lung cancers.
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11
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Arshad MF, Alam A, Alshammari AA, Alhazza MB, Alzimam IM, Alam MA, Mustafa G, Ansari MS, Alotaibi AM, Alotaibi AA, Kumar S, Asdaq SMB, Imran M, Deb PK, Venugopala KN, Jomah S. Thiazole: A Versatile Standalone Moiety Contributing to the Development of Various Drugs and Biologically Active Agents. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27133994. [PMID: 35807236 PMCID: PMC9268695 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27133994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
For many decades, the thiazole moiety has been an important heterocycle in the world of chemistry. The thiazole ring consists of sulfur and nitrogen in such a fashion that the pi (π) electrons are free to move from one bond to other bonds rendering aromatic ring properties. On account of its aromaticity, the ring has many reactive positions where donor–acceptor, nucleophilic, oxidation reactions, etc., may take place. Molecules containing a thiazole ring, when entering physiological systems, behave unpredictably and reset the system differently. These molecules may activate/stop the biochemical pathways and enzymes or stimulate/block the receptors in the biological systems. Therefore, medicinal chemists have been focusing their efforts on thiazole-bearing compounds in order to develop novel therapeutic agents for a variety of pathological conditions. This review attempts to inform the readers on three major classes of thiazole-bearing molecules: Thiazoles as treatment drugs, thiazoles in clinical trials, and thiazoles in preclinical and developmental stages. A compilation of preclinical and developmental thiazole-bearing molecules is presented, focusing on their brief synthetic description and preclinical studies relating to structure-based activity analysis. The authors expect that the current review may succeed in drawing the attention of medicinal chemists to finding new leads, which may later be translated into new drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed F. Arshad
- Department of Research and Scientific Communications, Isthmus Research and Publishing House, U-13, Near Badi Masjid, Pulpehlad Pur, New Delhi 110044, India;
- Correspondence: (M.F.A.); or (S.M.B.A.); (M.I.)
| | - Aftab Alam
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Abdullah Ayed Alshammari
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha 91911, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.A.); (M.B.A.); (I.M.A.)
| | - Mohammed Bader Alhazza
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha 91911, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.A.); (M.B.A.); (I.M.A.)
| | - Ibrahim Mohammed Alzimam
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha 91911, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.A.); (M.B.A.); (I.M.A.)
| | - Md Anish Alam
- Department of Research and Scientific Communications, Isthmus Research and Publishing House, U-13, Near Badi Masjid, Pulpehlad Pur, New Delhi 110044, India;
| | - Gulam Mustafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy (Al-Dawadmi Campus), Shaqra University, Riyadh 11961, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Md Salahuddin Ansari
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy (Al-Dawadmi Campus), Shaqra University, Riyadh 11961, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Abdulelah M. Alotaibi
- Internee, College of Pharmacy (Al-Dawadmi Campus), Shaqra University, Riyadh 11961, Saudi Arabia; (A.M.A.); (A.A.A.)
| | - Abdullah A. Alotaibi
- Internee, College of Pharmacy (Al-Dawadmi Campus), Shaqra University, Riyadh 11961, Saudi Arabia; (A.M.A.); (A.A.A.)
| | - Suresh Kumar
- Drug Regulatory Affair, Department, Pharma Beistand, New Delhi 110017, India;
| | - Syed Mohammed Basheeruddin Asdaq
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Dariyah 13713, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (M.F.A.); or (S.M.B.A.); (M.I.)
| | - Mohd. Imran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha 91911, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (M.F.A.); or (S.M.B.A.); (M.I.)
| | - Pran Kishore Deb
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Philadelphia University, Amman 19392, Jordan;
| | - Katharigatta N. Venugopala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Durban University of Technology, Durban 4001, South Africa
| | - Shahamah Jomah
- Pharmacy Department, Dr. Sulaiman Al-Habib Medical Group, Riyadh 11372, Saudi Arabia;
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12
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Dolna M, Nowacki M, Danylyuk O, Brotons-Rufes A, Poater A, Michalak M. NHC-BIAN-Cu(I)-Catalyzed Friedländer-Type Annulation of 2-Amino-3-(per)fluoroacetylpyridines with Alkynes on Water. J Org Chem 2022; 87:6115-6136. [PMID: 35394784 PMCID: PMC9087358 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
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The direct catalytic
alkynylation/dehydrative cyclization of 2-amino-3-trifluoroacetyl-pyridines
on water was developed for the efficient synthesis of a broad range
of fluorinated 1,8-naphthyridines from terminal alkynes. A novel N-heterocyclic
carbene (NHC) ligand system that combines a π-extended acenaphthylene
backbone with sterically bulky pentiptycene pendant groups was successfully
utilized in a copper- or silver-mediated cyclization. Computational
analysis of the reaction pathway supports our explanation of the different
experimental conversions and yields for the set of copper and silver
catalysts. The impact of steric hindrance at the metal center and
the flexibility of substituents on the imidazole ring of the NHC on
catalytic performance are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Dolna
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał Nowacki
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Oksana Danylyuk
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Artur Brotons-Rufes
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi and Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, c/ M. Aurèlia Capmany 69, 17003 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Albert Poater
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi and Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, c/ M. Aurèlia Capmany 69, 17003 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Michał Michalak
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
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13
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Hammoud MM, Nageeb AS, Morsi MA, Gomaa EA, Elmaaty AA, Al-Karmalawy AA. Design, synthesis, biological evaluation, and SAR studies of novel cyclopentaquinoline derivatives as DNA intercalators, topoisomerase II inhibitors, and apoptotic inducers. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj01646j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Novel cyclopentaquinoline derivatives as promising DNA intercalators, topoisomerase II inhibitors, and apoptotic inducers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed M. Hammoud
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Alaa S. Nageeb
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - M. A. Morsi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Esam A. Gomaa
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Ayman Abo Elmaaty
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Port Said University, Port Said 42526, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A. Al-Karmalawy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University-Egypt, New Damietta 34518, Egypt
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14
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Fallica A, Barbaraci C, Amata E, Pasquinucci L, Turnaturi R, Dichiara M, Intagliata S, Gariboldi MB, Marras E, Orlandi VT, Ferroni C, Martini C, Rescifina A, Gentile D, Varchi G, Marrazzo A. Nitric Oxide Photo-Donor Hybrids of Ciprofloxacin and Norfloxacin: A Shift in Activity from Antimicrobial to Anticancer Agents. J Med Chem 2021; 64:11597-11613. [PMID: 34319100 PMCID: PMC8389907 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The potential anticancer effect of fluoroquinolone antibiotics has been recently unveiled and related to their ability to interfere with DNA topoisomerase II. We herein envisioned the design and synthesis of novel Ciprofloxacin and Norfloxacin nitric oxide (NO) photo-donor hybrids to explore the potential synergistic antitumor effect exerted by the fluoroquinolone scaffold and NO eventually produced upon light irradiation. Anticancer activity, evaluated on a panel of tumor cell lines, showed encouraging results with IC50 values in the low micromolar range. Some compounds displayed intense antiproliferative activity on triple-negative and doxorubicin-resistant breast cancer cell lines, paving the way for their potential use to treat aggressive, refractory and multidrug-resistant breast cancer. No significant additive effect was observed on PC3 and DU145 cells following NO release. Conversely, antimicrobial photodynamic experiments on both Gram-negative and Gram-positive microorganisms displayed a significant killing rate in Staphylococcus aureus, accounting for their potential effectiveness as selective antimicrobial photosensitizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonino
Nicolò Fallica
- Department
of Drug and Health Sciences (DSFS), University
of Catania, Viale A. Doria, 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Carla Barbaraci
- Department
of Drug and Health Sciences (DSFS), University
of Catania, Viale A. Doria, 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Emanuele Amata
- Department
of Drug and Health Sciences (DSFS), University
of Catania, Viale A. Doria, 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Lorella Pasquinucci
- Department
of Drug and Health Sciences (DSFS), University
of Catania, Viale A. Doria, 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Rita Turnaturi
- Department
of Drug and Health Sciences (DSFS), University
of Catania, Viale A. Doria, 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Dichiara
- Department
of Drug and Health Sciences (DSFS), University
of Catania, Viale A. Doria, 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Intagliata
- Department
of Drug and Health Sciences (DSFS), University
of Catania, Viale A. Doria, 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Marzia Bruna Gariboldi
- Department
of Biotechnology and Life Sciences (DBSV), University of Insubria, Via JH Dunant 3, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Emanuela Marras
- Department
of Biotechnology and Life Sciences (DBSV), University of Insubria, Via JH Dunant 3, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Viviana Teresa Orlandi
- Department
of Biotechnology and Life Sciences (DBSV), University of Insubria, Via JH Dunant 3, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Claudia Ferroni
- Institute
for the Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity − ISOF, Via Piero Gobetti, 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Cecilia Martini
- Institute
for the Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity − ISOF, Via Piero Gobetti, 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Antonio Rescifina
- Department
of Drug and Health Sciences (DSFS), University
of Catania, Viale A. Doria, 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Davide Gentile
- Department
of Drug and Health Sciences (DSFS), University
of Catania, Viale A. Doria, 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Greta Varchi
- Institute
for the Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity − ISOF, Via Piero Gobetti, 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Agostino Marrazzo
- Department
of Drug and Health Sciences (DSFS), University
of Catania, Viale A. Doria, 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
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15
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Li HT, Zhu X. Quinoline-based Compounds with Potential Activity against Drugresistant Cancers. Curr Top Med Chem 2021; 21:426-437. [PMID: 32552650 DOI: 10.2174/1568026620666200618113957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Drug resistance is the major cause of the failure of cancer chemotherapy, so one of the most important features in developing effective cancer therapeutic strategies is to overcome drug resistance. Quinoline moiety has become one of the most privileged structural motifs in anticancer agent discovery since its derivatives possess potent activity against various cancers including drug-resistant cancers. Several quinoline-based compounds which are represented by Anlotinib, Bosutinib, Lenvatinib, and Neratinib have already been applied in clinical practice to fight against cancers, so quinoline-based compounds are potential anticancer agents. The present short review article provides an overview of the recent advances of quinoline-based compounds with potential activity against drug-resistant cancers. The structure-activity relationship and mechanisms of action are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan-Ting Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, 014040, China
| | - Xiaoyong Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Zhuji Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Zhejiang Province 311800, China
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16
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Al-Jarf R, de Sá AGC, Pires DEV, Ascher DB. pdCSM-cancer: Using Graph-Based Signatures to Identify Small Molecules with Anticancer Properties. J Chem Inf Model 2021; 61:3314-3322. [PMID: 34213323 PMCID: PMC8317153 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.1c00168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
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The development of
new, effective, and safe drugs to treat cancer
remains a challenging and time-consuming task due to limited hit rates,
restraining subsequent development efforts. Despite the impressive
progress of quantitative structure–activity relationship and
machine learning-based models that have been developed to predict
molecule pharmacodynamics and bioactivity, they have had mixed success
at identifying compounds with anticancer properties against multiple
cell lines. Here, we have developed a novel predictive tool, pdCSM-cancer,
which uses a graph-based signature representation of the chemical
structure of a small molecule in order to accurately predict molecules
likely to be active against one or multiple cancer cell lines. pdCSM-cancer
represents the most comprehensive anticancer bioactivity prediction
platform developed till date, comprising trained and validated models
on experimental data of the growth inhibition concentration (GI50%)
effects, including over 18,000 compounds, on 9 tumor types and 74
distinct cancer cell lines. Across 10-fold cross-validation, it achieved
Pearson’s correlation coefficients of up to 0.74 and comparable
performance of up to 0.67 across independent, non-redundant blind
tests. Leveraging the insights from these cell line-specific models,
we developed a generic predictive model to identify molecules active
in at least 60 cell lines. Our final model achieved an area under
the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of up to 0.94 on
10-fold cross-validation and up to 0.94 on independent non-redundant
blind tests, outperforming alternative approaches. We believe that
our predictive tool will provide a valuable resource to optimizing
and enriching screening libraries for the identification of effective
and safe anticancer molecules. To provide a simple and integrated
platform to rapidly screen for potential biologically active molecules
with favorable anticancer properties, we made pdCSM-cancer freely
available online at http://biosig.unimelb.edu.au/pdcsm_cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghad Al-Jarf
- Structural Biology and Bioinformatics, Department of Biochemistry, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3052, Victoria, Australia.,Systems and Computational Biology, Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3052, Victoria, Australia.,Computational Biology and Clinical Informatics, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne 3004, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alex G C de Sá
- Structural Biology and Bioinformatics, Department of Biochemistry, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3052, Victoria, Australia.,Systems and Computational Biology, Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3052, Victoria, Australia.,Computational Biology and Clinical Informatics, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne 3004, Victoria, Australia.,Baker Department of Cardiometabolic Health, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Victoria, Australia
| | - Douglas E V Pires
- Structural Biology and Bioinformatics, Department of Biochemistry, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3052, Victoria, Australia.,Systems and Computational Biology, Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3052, Victoria, Australia.,Computational Biology and Clinical Informatics, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne 3004, Victoria, Australia.,School of Computing and Information Systems, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3052, Victoria, Australia
| | - David B Ascher
- Structural Biology and Bioinformatics, Department of Biochemistry, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3052, Victoria, Australia.,Systems and Computational Biology, Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3052, Victoria, Australia.,Computational Biology and Clinical Informatics, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne 3004, Victoria, Australia.,Baker Department of Cardiometabolic Health, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, 80 Tennis Ct Rd, Cambridge CB2 1GA, United Kingdom
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17
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Pawar S, Kumar K, Gupta MK, Rawal RK. Synthetic and Medicinal Perspective of Fused-Thiazoles as Anticancer Agents. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 21:1379-1402. [PMID: 32723259 DOI: 10.2174/1871520620666200728133017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer is second leading disease after cardiovascular disease. Presently, Chemotherapy, Radiotherapy and use of chemicals are some treatments available these days. Thiazole and its hybrid compounds extensively used scaffolds in drug designing and development of novel anticancer agents due to their wide pharmacological profiles. Fused thiazole scaffold containing drugs are available in market as a promising group of anticancer agents. METHODS The detailed study has been done using different database that focused on potent thiazole hybrid compounds with anticancer activity. The literature included in this review is focused on novel fused thiazole derivatives exhibiting anticancer potency in last decade. RESULTS Literature suggested that thiazoles and its fused and linked congener serve excellent pharmacological profile as an anticancer agent. Various synthetic strategies for fused thiazole are also summarized in this article. Novel thiazole and its fused congener showed anticancer activity against various cancer cell lines. INTERPRETATION Thiazole is a promising scaffold reported in literature with broad range of biological activities. This article covers the thiazole compounds fused with other carbocyclic/heterocycle including benzene, imidazole, pyridine, pyrimidine, quinoline, phenothiazine, thiopyrano, steroids, pyrrole etc. with anticancer activity from last decades. Several inhibitors for breast cancer, colon cancer, melanoma cancer, ovarian cancer, tubulin cancer etc. were reported in this review. Thus, this review will definitely aid to develop a lead for the new selective anticancer agents in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Pawar
- Department of Chemistry, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-133207, Ambala, Haryana, India
| | - Kapil Kumar
- School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, Hyderabad, Telangana-509301, India
| | - Manish K Gupta
- SGT College of Pharmacy, SGT University, Gurugram-Badli Road, Gurugram-122505, Haryana, India
| | - Ravindra K Rawal
- Department of Chemistry, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-133207, Ambala, Haryana, India
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18
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Aycan T, Öztürk F, Demir S, Özdemir N, Paşaoğlu H. Cobalt(III) complex of substituted nalidixic acid: Synthesis, characterization (IR, UV, EPR), single crystal X-ray, antimicrobial activity, Hirshfeld surface analysis and molecular docking. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.129043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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19
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Mahalakshmi G, Selvakumar B, Vennila KN, Rao PL, Madhuri S, Seenivasaperumal M, Elango KP. Spectroscopic Studies on the Interaction of Naphthyridines with DNA and Fluorescent Detection of DNA in Agarose Gel. J Fluoresc 2021; 31:327-338. [PMID: 33389419 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-020-02658-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Four new naphthyridine derivatives (R1-R4) possessing amino acid or boronic acid moieties have been synthesized and characterized using 1H and 13C NMR, FT-IR, and mass spectral techniques. The mechanism of binding of these probes with calf thymus DNA (CT-DNA) has been delineated through UV-Vis, fluorescence, and circular dichroism (CD) spectral techniques along with thermodynamic and molecular docking studies. Small hypochromicity in absorption maximum of the probes without any shift in wavelength of absorption suggests groove binding mode of interaction of these probes with CT-DNA, confirmed by CD and 1H NMR spectral data competitive binding assay with ethidium bromide (EB). CT-DNA quenches the fluorescence of these probes via a static quenching mechanism. In the case of R1 and R4, the observed ΔHo < 0 and ΔSo > 0suggest that these probes interact with CT-DNA through H-bonding and hydrophobic interactions, while in the interaction of R2 and R3, van der Walls and H-boding forces are found to be dominant (ΔHo < 0 and ΔSo < 0). Results of molecular docking investigations corroborate well with that of spectral studies, and these probes bind in the minor groove of DNA. These probes are found to be effective fluorescent staining agents for DNA in agarose gel in gel electrophoresis experiment with sensitivity comparable to that of EB, and DNA amounts as low as 37.5 ng are visually detectable in the gel.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Mahalakshmi
- Department of Chemistry, Gandhigram Rural Institute, Deemed to be University, Gandhigram, 624 302, India
| | - B Selvakumar
- Anthem Biosciences Pvt. Ltd., Bangalore, 560 099, India
| | - K N Vennila
- Department of Chemistry, Gandhigram Rural Institute, Deemed to be University, Gandhigram, 624 302, India
| | - P Lakshmana Rao
- National Institute of Animal Biotechnology, Hyderabad, 500 049, India
| | - S Madhuri
- National Institute of Animal Biotechnology, Hyderabad, 500 049, India
| | - M Seenivasaperumal
- Department of Chemistry, Gandhigram Rural Institute, Deemed to be University, Gandhigram, 624 302, India
| | - Kuppanagounder P Elango
- Department of Chemistry, Gandhigram Rural Institute, Deemed to be University, Gandhigram, 624 302, India.
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20
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Singh G, Devi V, Monga V. Recent Developments in the Synthetic Strategies of 4‐Quinolones and Its Derivatives. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202003570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gurpreet Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry ISF College of Pharmacy GT Road Moga 142001 Punjab India
| | - Varsha Devi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry ISF College of Pharmacy GT Road Moga 142001 Punjab India
| | - Vikramdeep Monga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry ISF College of Pharmacy GT Road Moga 142001 Punjab India
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21
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Aycan T, Öztürk F, Doruk T, Demir S, Fidan M, Paşaoğlu H. Synthesis, structural, spectral and antimicrobial activity studies of copper-nalidixic acid complex with 1,10-phenanthroline: DFT and molecular docking. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2020; 241:118639. [PMID: 32629397 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.118639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The mix-ligand coordination compound, [Cu(Nal)(Phen)(H2O)].(Phen).ClO4.(H2O)2 (Nal= Monoanion of nalidixic acid and Phen = 1,10- Phenanthroline), was investigated by focusing on its supramolecular architecture. Structural properties of the complex were characterized by XRD, spectroscopic methods and elemental analysis. The complex has crystallized in the triclinic crystal system and P-1 space group. In the structure where the Cu (II) ion is in the center of symmetry, nalidixate anion and water molecule coordinated to Cu (II) metal through oxygen atoms while phen coordinated through nitrogen atoms. The monomer units are connected by hydrogen bonds to form supramolecular structures. The ground state molecular structure of the complex was optimized using DFT/B3LYP/LANL2DZ method, and compared with experimental X-ray geometry. The FT-IR study of the complex was carried out in the middle IR region focusing on the characteristic vibrations of the free ligands and the complex. Scaled calculated vibrational frequencies are compared with experimental values. The magnetic properties of the complex were investigated by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. Further ultra-violet (UV)-visible spectral analysis was also performed to understand optical properties. The experimental UV-Vis data were associated with the calculated frontier molecular orbitals HOMO/LUMO and, molecular electrostatic potentials (MEP) are also investigated. Biological study of the complex against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Candida albicans showed very strong antibacterial activity with MIC values ranging from 128 μg/ml to 1 μg/ml concentration. The optimized complex is docked to the DNA Gyrase (3LPX) and gyrase tip IIA topoisomerase (3UC1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuğba Aycan
- Sinop University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Physics Department, Sinop, Turkey.
| | - Filiz Öztürk
- Ondokuz Mayıs University, Blacksea Advanced Technology Research and Application Center, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Tuğrul Doruk
- Ondokuz Mayıs University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Microbiyology and Genetic, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Serkan Demir
- Giresun University, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Industrial Engineering, Giresun, Turkey
| | - Melek Fidan
- Atatürk University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Physics Department, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Hümeyra Paşaoğlu
- Ondokuz Mayıs University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Physics Department, Samsun, Turkey
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22
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Mohammed HHH, Abbas SH, Hayallah AM, Abuo-Rahma GEDA, Mostafa YA. Novel urea linked ciprofloxacin-chalcone hybrids having antiproliferative topoisomerases I/II inhibitory activities and caspases-mediated apoptosis. Bioorg Chem 2020; 106:104422. [PMID: 33248713 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
A novel series of urea-linked ciprofloxacin (CP)-chalcone hybrids 3a-j were synthesized and screened by NCI-60 cancer cell lines as potential cytotoxic agents. Interestingly, compounds 3c and 3j showed remarkable antiproliferative activities against both colon HCT-116 and leukemia SR cancer cells compared to camptothecin, topotecan and staurosporine with IC50 = 2.53, 2.01, 17.36, 12.23 and 3.1 μM for HCT-116 cells, respectively and IC50 = 0.73, 0.64, 3.32, 13.72 and 1.17 μM for leukemia SR cells, respectively. Also, compounds 3c and 3j exhibited inhibitory activities against Topoisomerase (Topo) I with % inhibition = 51.19% and 56.72%, respectively, compared to camptothecin (% inhibition = 60.05%) and Topo IIβ with % inhibition = 60.81% and 60.06%, respectively, compared to topotecan (% inhibition = 71.09%). Furthermore, compound 3j arrested the cell cycle of leukemia SR cells at G2/M phase. It induced apoptosis both intrinsically and extrinsically via activation of proteolytic caspases cascade (caspases-3, -8, and -9), release of cytochrome C from mitochondria, upregulation of proapoptotic Bax and down-regulation of Bcl-2 protein level. Thus, the new ciprofloxacin derivative 3j could be considered as a potential lead for further optimization of antitumor agent against leukemia and colorectal carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamada H H Mohammed
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, New, Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Samar H Abbas
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Alaa M Hayallah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, New, Minia 61519, Egypt; Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, 71526, Egypt; Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sphinx University, New Assiut, Egypt.
| | - Gamal El-Din A Abuo-Rahma
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, New, Minia 61519, Egypt.
| | - Yaser A Mostafa
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, 71526, Egypt
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Jaswal S, Nehra B, Kumar S, Monga V. Recent advancements in the medicinal chemistry of bacterial type II topoisomerase inhibitors. Bioorg Chem 2020; 104:104266. [PMID: 33142421 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Replication proteins are sought as a potential targets for antimicrobial agents. Despite their promising target characteristics, only topoisomerase II inhibitors targeting DNA gyrase and/or topoisomerase IV have reached clinical use. Topoisomerases are the enzymes that are essential for cellular functions and various biological activities. A wide range of natural and synthetic compounds have been identified as potential topoisomerase inhibitors but the resistance is most commonly found in these drugs. The emergence of FQ resistance has increased the need for the development of novel topoisomerase inhibitors with efficacy and high potency against FQ-resistant strains. Besides structural modifications of existing FQ scaffolds, novel non-quinolone topoisomerase II inhibitors, known as novel bacterial topoisomerase inhibitors, have been developed which showed remarkable inhibitory activity against DNA gyrase/topoisomerase IV or both with an improved spectrum of antibacterial potency including drug-resistant strains. This review aims to summarize various recent advancements in the medicinal chemistry of topoisomerase inhibitors with the following objectives: (1) To represent inclusive data on types of topoisomerases and various marketed topoisomerase inhibitors as drugs; (2) To discuss the recent advances in the medicinal chemistry of various topoisomerase inhibitors (DNA gyrase and topo IV) belonging to different structural classes as potential antibacterial agents; (3) To summarizes the structure activity relationship (SAR) including in silico and mechanistic studies to afford ideas and to provide focused direction for the development of new chemical entities which are effective against drug-resistant bacterial pathogens and biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalini Jaswal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road, Ghal Kalan, Moga 142001, Punjab, India
| | - Bhupender Nehra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road, Ghal Kalan, Moga 142001, Punjab, India
| | - Shubham Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road, Ghal Kalan, Moga 142001, Punjab, India
| | - Vikramdeep Monga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road, Ghal Kalan, Moga 142001, Punjab, India.
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24
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Bruno PM, Lu M, Dennis KA, Inam H, Moore CJ, Sheehe J, Elledge SJ, Hemann MT, Pritchard JR. The primary mechanism of cytotoxicity of the chemotherapeutic agent CX-5461 is topoisomerase II poisoning. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:4053-4060. [PMID: 32041867 PMCID: PMC7049172 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1921649117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Small molecules can affect many cellular processes. The disambiguation of these effects to identify the causative mechanisms of cell death is extremely challenging. This challenge impacts both clinical development and the interpretation of chemical genetic experiments. CX-5461 was developed as a selective RNA polymerase I inhibitor, but recent evidence suggests that it may cause DNA damage and induce G-quadraplex formation. Here we use three complimentary data mining modalities alongside biochemical and cell biological assays to show that CX-5461 exerts its primary cytotoxic activity through topoisomerase II poisoning. We then show that acquired resistance to CX-5461 in previously sensitive lymphoma cells confers collateral resistance to the topoisomerase II poison doxorubicin. Doxorubicin is already a frontline chemotherapy in a variety of hematopoietic malignancies, and CX-5461 is being tested in relapse/refractory hematopoietic tumors. Our data suggest that the mechanism of cell death induced by CX-5461 is critical for rational clinical development in these patients. Moreover, CX-5461 usage as a specific chemical genetic probe of RNA polymerase I function is challenging to interpret. Our multimodal data-driven approach is a useful way to detangle the intended and unintended mechanisms of drug action across diverse essential cellular processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter M Bruno
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115
- Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Mengrou Lu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802
| | - Kady A Dennis
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802
| | - Haider Inam
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802
| | - Connor J Moore
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802
| | - John Sheehe
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802
| | - Stephen J Elledge
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115;
- Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Michael T Hemann
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142;
| | - Justin R Pritchard
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802;
- Huck Institute for the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802
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25
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Blower TR, Bandak A, Lee ASY, Austin CA, Nitiss JL, Berger JM. A complex suite of loci and elements in eukaryotic type II topoisomerases determine selective sensitivity to distinct poisoning agents. Nucleic Acids Res 2019; 47:8163-8179. [PMID: 31287876 PMCID: PMC6735899 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkz579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Type II topoisomerases catalyze essential DNA transactions and are proven drug targets. Drug discrimination by prokaryotic and eukaryotic topoisomerases is vital to therapeutic utility, but is poorly understood. We developed a next-generation sequencing (NGS) approach to identify drug-resistance mutations in eukaryotic topoisomerases. We show that alterations conferring resistance to poisons of human and yeast topoisomerase II derive from a rich mutational 'landscape' of amino acid substitutions broadly distributed throughout the entire enzyme. Both general and discriminatory drug-resistant behaviors are found to arise from different point mutations found at the same amino acid position and to occur far outside known drug-binding sites. Studies of selected resistant enzymes confirm the NGS data and further show that the anti-cancer quinolone vosaroxin acts solely as an intercalating poison, and that the antibacterial ciprofloxacin can poison yeast topoisomerase II. The innate drug-sensitivity of the DNA binding and cleavage region of human and yeast topoisomerases (particularly hTOP2β) is additionally revealed to be significantly regulated by the enzymes' adenosine triphosphatase regions. Collectively, these studies highlight the utility of using NGS-based methods to rapidly map drug resistance landscapes and reveal that the nucleotide turnover elements of type II topoisomerases impact drug specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim R Blower
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Department of Biophysics and Biophysical Chemistry, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Afif Bandak
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Department of Biophysics and Biophysical Chemistry, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Amy S Y Lee
- Department of Molecular & Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Caroline A Austin
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - John L Nitiss
- Biopharmaceutical Sciences Department, University of Illinois College of Pharmacy, 1601 Parkview Avenue, N310, Rockford, IL 61107, USA
| | - James M Berger
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Department of Biophysics and Biophysical Chemistry, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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Mohammed HH, Abuo-Rahma GEDA, Abbas SH, Abdelhafez ESM. Current Trends and Future Directions of Fluoroquinolones. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:3132-3149. [DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666180214122944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2016] [Revised: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Fluoroquinolones represent an interesting synthetic class of antimicrobial agents with broad spectrum and potent activity. Since the discovery of nalidixic acid, the prototype of quinolones, several structural modifications to the quinolone nucleus have been carried out for improvement of potency, spectrum of activity, and to understand their structure activity relationship (SAR). The C-7 substituent was reported to have a major impact on the activity. Accordingly, Substitution at C-7 or its N-4-piperazinyl moiety was found to affect potency, bioavailability, and physicochemical properties. Also, it can increase the affinity towards mammalian topoisomerases that may shift quinolones from antibacterial to anticancer candidates. Moreover, the presence of DNA topoisomerases in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells makes them excellent targets for chemotherapeutic intervention in antibacterial and anticancer therapies. Based on this concept, several fluoroquionolones derivatives have been synthesized and biologically evaluated as antibacterial, antituberculosis, antiproliferative, antiviral and antifungal agents. This review is an attempt to focus on the therapeutic prospects of fluoroquinolones with an updated account on their atypical applications such as antitubercular and anticancer activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamada H.H. Mohammed
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
| | | | - Samar H. Abbas
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
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27
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Abdel‐Aal MAA, Abdel‐Aziz SA, Shaykoon MSA, Abuo‐Rahma GEA. Towards anticancer fluoroquinolones: A review article. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2019; 352:e1800376. [DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201800376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A. A. Abdel‐Aal
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of PharmacyMinia UniversityMinia Egypt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of PharmacyAl‐Azhar UniversityAssiut Egypt
| | - Salah A. Abdel‐Aziz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of PharmacyAl‐Azhar UniversityAssiut Egypt
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28
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Economides MP, McCue D, Borthakur G, Pemmaraju N. Topoisomerase II inhibitors in AML: past, present, and future. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2019; 20:1637-1644. [PMID: 31136213 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2019.1621292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Topoisomerase II inhibitors have long been used in the frontline and as salvage therapy for AML, with daunorubicin and idarubicin being prototypical agents in this therapeutic class, classically in combination with nucleoside analogs, e.g. cytarabine. Most recently, several other compounds from this drug class have or are being investigated. Areas covered: The current paper reviews older and newer topoisomerase II inhibitors in clinical development for the treatment of AML. The authors discuss the clinical use of these agents, current trials involving them as well as their safety profile. Important side effects of these medications including therapy-related AML (t-AML) are also covered. Expert opinion: Topoisomerase II inhibitors have helped improve outcomes in AML. Recently, the FDA approved several agents including CPX-351 for the treatment of secondary and t-AML. CPX-351 may have applicability in other high-risk myeloid diseases. Future directions include a combination of these agents with other targeted therapies. Finally, the authors believe that small molecule inhibitors, such as venetoclax and possibly immunotherapy options could also be incorporated to our treatment paradigm in selected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minas P Economides
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas School of Health Sciences at Houston , Houston , TX , USA
| | - Deborah McCue
- Division of Pharmacy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston , TX , USA
| | - Gautam Borthakur
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston , TX , USA
| | - Naveen Pemmaraju
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston , TX , USA
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29
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Pagoni CC, Xylouri VS, Kaiafas GC, Lazou M, Bompola G, Tsoukas E, Papadopoulou LC, Psomas G, Papagiannopoulou D. Organometallic rhenium tricarbonyl–enrofloxacin and –levofloxacin complexes: synthesis, albumin-binding, DNA-interaction and cell viability studies. J Biol Inorg Chem 2019; 24:609-619. [DOI: 10.1007/s00775-019-01666-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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30
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Delgado JL, Lentz SRC, Kulkarni CA, Chheda PR, Held HA, Hiasa H, Kerns RJ. Probing structural requirements for human topoisomerase I inhibition by a novel N1-Biphenyl fluoroquinolone. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 172:109-130. [PMID: 30959322 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.03.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Fluoroquinolones substituted with N-1 biphenyl and napthyl groups were discovered to act as catalytically inhibitors of human topoisomerases I and II, and to possess anti-proliferative activity in vivo. Structural requirements for these novel quinolones to inhibit catalytic activity of human topoisomerase I have not been explored. In this work novel derivatives of the N-1 biphenyl fluoroquinolone were designed, synthesized and evaluated to understand structural requirements of the C-3 carboxylic acid, C-6 fluorine, C-7 aminomethylpyrrolidine, C-8 methoxy, and the N-1 biphenyl functional groups for hTopoI inhibition. Characterization of each analog for inhibition of hTopoI catalytic inhibition reveals critical insight into structural requirements of these novel quinolones for activity. Additionally, results of DNA binding and modeling studies suggest that N-1 biphenyl fluoroquinolones intercalate between the DNA base pairs with the N-1 biphenyl functional group, rather than the quinolone core, and that this mode of DNA intercalation contributes to inhibition of hTopoI by these novel structures. The results presented here support further development and evaluation of N-1 biphenyl fluoroquinolone analogs as a novel class of anti-cancer agents that act through catalytic inhibition of hTopoI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justine L Delgado
- Division of Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, 115 S Grand Ave., S321 Pharmacy Building, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Sarah R C Lentz
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota Medical School, 6-120 Jackson Hall, 321 Church Street SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Chaitanya A Kulkarni
- Division of Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, 115 S Grand Ave., S321 Pharmacy Building, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Pratik R Chheda
- Division of Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, 115 S Grand Ave., S321 Pharmacy Building, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Hailey A Held
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota Medical School, 6-120 Jackson Hall, 321 Church Street SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Hiroshi Hiasa
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota Medical School, 6-120 Jackson Hall, 321 Church Street SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Robert J Kerns
- Division of Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, 115 S Grand Ave., S321 Pharmacy Building, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
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31
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de Carvalho AB, de Souza ÍP, de Andrade LM, Binatti I, Pedroso EF, Krambrock K, Oliveira WX, Pereira-Maia EC, Silva-Caldeira PP. Novel copper(II) coordination polymer containing the drugs nalidixic acid and 8-hydroxyquinoline: Evaluation of the structural, magnetic, electronic, and antitumor properties. Polyhedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2018.09.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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32
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Ravandi F, Ritchie EK, Sayar H, Lancet JE, Craig MD, Vey N, Strickland SA, Schiller GJ, Jabbour E, Pigneux A, Horst HA, Récher C, Klimek VM, Cortes JE, Carella AM, Egyed M, Krug U, Fox JA, Craig AR, Ward R, Smith JA, Acton G, Kantarjian HM, Stuart RK. Phase 3 results for vosaroxin/cytarabine in the subset of patients ≥60 years old with refractory/early relapsed acute myeloid leukemia. Haematologica 2018; 103:e514-e518. [PMID: 29794146 PMCID: PMC6278965 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2018.191361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Farhad Ravandi
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA,Correspondence:
| | | | - Hamid Sayar
- Indiana University Simon Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | | | | | - Norbert Vey
- Institut Paoli-Calmettes and Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | | | - Gary J. Schiller
- David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Elias Jabbour
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Arnaud Pigneux
- Université de Bordeaux, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Christian Récher
- Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole, Université de Toulouse III, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, France
| | | | - Jorge E. Cortes
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | | | - Utz Krug
- Universitätsklinikum Münster, Germany
| | - Judith A. Fox
- Sunesis Pharmaceuticals, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Adam R. Craig
- Sunesis Pharmaceuticals, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Renee Ward
- Sunesis Pharmaceuticals, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Gary Acton
- Sunesis Pharmaceuticals, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
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33
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Hevener K, Verstak TA, Lutat KE, Riggsbee DL, Mooney JW. Recent developments in topoisomerase-targeted cancer chemotherapy. Acta Pharm Sin B 2018; 8:844-861. [PMID: 30505655 PMCID: PMC6251812 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2018.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The DNA topoisomerase enzymes are essential to cell function and are found ubiquitously in all domains of life. The various topoisomerase enzymes perform a wide range of functions related to the maintenance of DNA topology during DNA replication, and transcription are the targets of a wide range of antimicrobial and cancer chemotherapeutic agents. Natural product-derived agents, such as the camptothecin, anthracycline, and podophyllotoxin drugs, have seen broad use in the treatment of many types of cancer. Selective targeting of the topoisomerase enzymes for cancer treatment continues to be a highly active area of basic and clinical research. The focus of this review will be to summarize the current state of the art with respect to clinically used topoisomerase inhibitors for targeted cancer treatment and to discuss the pharmacology and chemistry of promising new topoisomerase inhibitors in clinical and pre-clinical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- KirkE. Hevener
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
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34
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Zhao XL, Yu CZ. Vosaroxin induces mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis in cervical cancer HeLa cells: Involvement of AMPK/Sirt3/HIF-1 pathway. Chem Biol Interact 2018; 290:57-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2018.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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35
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Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is one of the best studied malignancies, and significant progress has been made in understanding the clinical implications of its disease biology. Unfortunately, drug development has not kept pace, as the '7+3' induction regimen remains the standard of care for patients fit for intensive therapy 40 years after its first use. Temporal improvements in overall survival were mostly confined to younger patients and driven by improvements in supportive care and use of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Multiple forms of novel therapy are currently in clinical trials and are attempting to bring bench discoveries to the bedside to benefit patients. These novel therapies include improved chemotherapeutic agents, targeted molecular inhibitors, cell cycle regulators, pro-apoptotic agents, epigenetic modifiers, and metabolic therapies. Immunotherapies in the form of vaccines; naked, conjugated and bispecific monoclonal antibodies; cell-based therapy; and immune checkpoint inhibitors are also being evaluated in an effort to replicate the success seen in other malignancies. Herein, we review the scientific basis of these novel therapeutic approaches, summarize the currently available evidence, and look into the future of AML therapy by highlighting key clinical studies and the challenges the field continues to face.
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36
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Lin M, Chen B. Advances in the drug therapies of acute myeloid leukemia (except acute wpromyelocytic leukemia). Drug Des Devel Ther 2018; 12:1009-1017. [PMID: 29750014 PMCID: PMC5933364 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s161199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous hematologic malignancy, characterized by the clonal expansion of myeloid blasts in the peripheral blood, bone marrow, and/or other tissues. The new drugs used for treating AML are facing a big challenge, and the candidates include cytotoxic drugs, targeted small-molecule inhibitors, and monoclonal antibodies. In recent years, active research has focused on several new agents for including them in the large antileukemic drug family. This review aims to introduce some of these new drugs and highlights new advances made in the old drugs, mainly in the last 5 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Lin
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Baoan Chen
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
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37
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Gravina GL, Mancini A, Mattei C, Vitale F, Marampon F, Colapietro A, Rossi G, Ventura L, Vetuschi A, Di Cesare E, Fox JA, Festuccia C. Enhancement of radiosensitivity by the novel anticancer quinolone derivative vosaroxin in preclinical glioblastoma models. Oncotarget 2018; 8:29865-29886. [PMID: 28415741 PMCID: PMC5444710 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive brain tumor. The activity of vosaroxin, a first-in-class anticancer quinolone derivative that intercalates DNA and inhibits topoisomerase II, was investigated in GBM preclinical models as a single agent and combined with radiotherapy (RT). Results Vosaroxin showed antitumor activity in clonogenic survival assays, with IC50 of 10−100 nM, and demonstrated radiosensitization. Combined treatments exhibited significantly higher γH2Ax levels compared with controls. In xenograft models, vosaroxin reduced tumor growth and showed enhanced activity with RT; vosaroxin/RT combined was more effective than temozolomide/RT. Vosaroxin/RT triggered rapid and massive cell death with characteristics of necrosis. A minor proportion of treated cells underwent caspase-dependent apoptosis, in agreement with in vitro results. Vosaroxin/RT inhibited RT-induced autophagy, increasing necrosis. This was associated with increased recruitment of granulocytes, monocytes, and undifferentiated bone marrow–derived lymphoid cells. Pharmacokinetic analyses revealed adequate blood-brain penetration of vosaroxin. Vosaroxin/RT increased disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) significantly compared with RT, vosaroxin alone, temozolomide, and temozolomide/RT in the U251-luciferase orthotopic model. Materials and Methods Cellular, molecular, and antiproliferative effects of vosaroxin alone or combined with RT were evaluated in 13 GBM cell lines. Tumor growth delay was determined in U87MG, U251, and T98G xenograft mouse models. (DFS) and (OS) were assessed in orthotopic intrabrain models using luciferase-transfected U251 cells by bioluminescence and magnetic resonance imaging. Conclusions Vosaroxin demonstrated significant activity in vitro and in vivo in GBM models, and showed additive/synergistic activity when combined with RT in O6-methylguanine methyltransferase-negative and -positive cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Luca Gravina
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, Division of Radiotherapy, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.,Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, Laboratory of Radiobiology, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Andrea Mancini
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, Laboratory of Radiobiology, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Claudia Mattei
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, Laboratory of Neurosciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Flora Vitale
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, Laboratory of Neurosciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Francesco Marampon
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, Laboratory of Radiobiology, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Alessandro Colapietro
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, Laboratory of Radiobiology, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Giulia Rossi
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, Laboratory of Radiobiology, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Luca Ventura
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, Laboratory of Neurosciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Antonella Vetuschi
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, Chair of Human Anatomy, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Ernesto Di Cesare
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, Division of Radiotherapy, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Judith A Fox
- Sunesis Pharmaceuticals Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Claudio Festuccia
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, Laboratory of Radiobiology, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
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Coussens NP, Braisted JC, Peryea T, Sittampalam GS, Simeonov A, Hall MD. Small-Molecule Screens: A Gateway to Cancer Therapeutic Agents with Case Studies of Food and Drug Administration-Approved Drugs. Pharmacol Rev 2017; 69:479-496. [PMID: 28931623 DOI: 10.1124/pr.117.013755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
High-throughput screening (HTS) of small-molecule libraries accelerates the discovery of chemical leads to serve as starting points for probe or therapeutic development. With this approach, thousands of unique small molecules, representing a diverse chemical space, can be rapidly evaluated by biologically and physiologically relevant assays. The origins of numerous United States Food and Drug Administration-approved cancer drugs are linked to HTS, which emphasizes the value in this methodology. The National Institutes of Health Molecular Libraries Program made HTS accessible to the public sector, enabling the development of chemical probes and drug-repurposing initiatives. In this work, the impact of HTS in the field of oncology is considered among both private and public sectors. Examples are given for the discovery and development of approved cancer drugs. The importance of target validation is discussed, and common assay approaches for screening are reviewed. A rigorous examination of the PubChem database demonstrates that public screening centers are contributing to early-stage drug discovery in oncology by focusing on new targets and developing chemical probes. Several case studies highlight the value of different screening strategies and the potential for drug repurposing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan P Coussens
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland
| | - John C Braisted
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Tyler Peryea
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland
| | - G Sitta Sittampalam
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Anton Simeonov
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Matthew D Hall
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland
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Lomefloxacin Induces Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis in COLO829 Melanoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18102194. [PMID: 29053584 PMCID: PMC5666875 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18102194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2017] [Revised: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Although some fluoroquinolones have been found to exert anti-tumor activity, studies on the effect of these drugs on melanoma cells are relatively rare. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of lomefloxacin on cell viability, reactive oxygen species production, redox balance, cell cycle distribution, DNA fragmentation, and apoptosis in COLO829 melanoma cells. Lomefloxacin decreases the cell viability in a dose- and time-dependent manner. For COLO829 cells treated with the drug for 24, 48, and 72 h, the values of IC50 were found to be 0.51, 0.33, and 0.25 mmol/L, respectively. The analyzed drug also altered the redox signaling pathways, as shown by intracellular reactive oxygen species overproduction and endogeneous glutathione depletion. After lomefloxacin treatment, the cells were arrested in S- and G2/M-phase, suggesting a mechanism related to topoisomerase II inhibition. DNA fragmentation was observed when the cells were exposed to increasing lomefloxacin concentrations and a prolongation of incubation time. Moreover, it was demonstrated that the drug induced mitochondrial membrane breakdown as an early hallmark of apoptosis. The obtained results provide a strong molecular basis for the pharmacologic effect underlying the potential use of lomefloxacin as a valuable agent for the treatment of melanoma in vivo.
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Kukowska M. Amino acid or peptide conjugates of acridine/acridone and quinoline/quinolone-containing drugs. A critical examination of their clinical effectiveness within a twenty-year timeframe in antitumor chemotherapy and treatment of infectious diseases. Eur J Pharm Sci 2017; 109:587-615. [PMID: 28842352 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2017.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Revised: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Acridines/acridones, quinolines/quinolones (chromophores) and their derivatives constitute extremely important family of compounds in current medicine. Great significance of the compounds is connected with antimicrobial and antitumor activities. Combining these features together in one drug seems to be long-term benefit, especially in oncology therapy. The attractiveness of the chromophore drugs is still enhanced by elimination their toxicity and improvement not only selectivity, specificity but also bioavailability. The best results are reached by conjugation to natural peptides. This paper highlights significant advance in the study of amino acid or peptide chromophore conjugates that provide highly encouraging data for novel drug development. The structures and clinical significance of amino acid or peptide chromophore conjugates are widely discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Kukowska
- Chair & Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy with Subfaculty of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Al. Gen. J. Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdansk, Poland.
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Abstract
OPINION STATEMENT Approximately 40-45% of younger and 10-20% of older adults with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) will be cured with current standard chemotherapy. The outlook is particularly gloomy for patients with relapsed and/or refractory disease (cure rates no higher than 10%). Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), the only realistic hope of cure for these patients, is an option for only a minority. In recent years, much has been learned about the genomic and epigenomic landscapes of AML, and the clonal architecture of both de novo and secondary AML has begun to be unraveled. These advances have paved the way for rational drug development as new "drugable" targets have emerged. Although no new drug has been approved for AML in over four decades, with the exception of gemtuzumab ozogamycin, which was subsequently withdrawn, there is progress on the horizon with the possible regulatory approval soon of agents such as CPX-351 and midostaurin, the Food and Drug Administration "breakthrough" designation granted to venetoclax, and promising agents such as the IDH inhibitors AG-221 and AG-120, the smoothened inhibitor glasdegib and the histone deacetylase inhibitor pracinostat. In our practice, we treat most patients with relapsed/refractory AML on clinical trials, taking into consideration their prior treatment history and response to the same. We utilize targeted sequencing of genes frequently mutated in AML to identify "actionable" mutations, e.g., in FLT3 or IDH1/2, and incorporate small-molecule inhibitors of these oncogenic kinases into our therapeutic regimens whenever possible. In the absence of actionable mutations, we rationally combine conventional agents with other novel therapies such as monoclonal antibodies and other targeted drugs. For fit patients up to the age of 65, we often use high-dose cytarabine-containing backbone regimens. For older or unfit patients, we prefer hypomethylating agent-based therapy. Finally, all patients with relapsed/refractory AML are evaluated for allogeneic HSCT.
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Abstract
Vosaroxin, a quinolone-derivative chemotherapeutic agent, was considered a promising drug for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Early-stage clinical trials with this agent led to a large randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study of vosaroxin in combination with intermediate-dose cytarabine for the treatment of relapsed or refractory AML. The study demonstrated better complete remission rates with vosaroxin, but there was no statistically significant overall survival benefit in the whole cohort. A subset analysis censoring patients who had undergone allogeneic stem cell transplantation, however, revealed a modest but statistically significant improvement in overall survival particularly among older patients. This article reviews the data available on vosaroxin including clinical trials in AML and offers an analysis of findings of these studies as well as the current status of vosaroxin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Sayar
- Indiana University Simon Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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Daver N, Kantarjian H, Garcia-Manero G, Jabbour E, Borthakur G, Brandt M, Pierce S, Vaughan K, Ning J, Nogueras González GM, Patel K, Jorgensen J, Pemmaraju N, Kadia T, Konopleva M, Andreeff M, DiNardo C, Cortes J, Ward R, Craig A, Ravandi F. Vosaroxin in combination with decitabine in newly diagnosed older patients with acute myeloid leukemia or high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome. Haematologica 2017; 102:1709-1717. [PMID: 28729302 PMCID: PMC5622855 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2017.168732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Vosaroxin is an anti-cancer quinolone-derived DNA topoisomerase II inhibitor. We investigated vosaroxin with decitabine in patients ≥60 years of age with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (n=58) or myelodysplastic syndrome (≥10% blasts) (n=7) in a phase II non-randomized trial. The initial 22 patients received vosaroxin 90 mg/m2 on days 1 and 4 with decitabine 20 mg/m2 on days 1–5 every 4–6 weeks for up to seven cycles. Due to a high incidence of mucositis the subsequent 43 patients were given vosaroxin 70 mg/m2 on days 1 and 4. These 65 patients, with a median age of 69 years (range, 60–78), some of whom with secondary leukemia (22%), adverse karyotype (35%), or TP53 mutation (20%), are evaluable. The overall response rate was 74% including complete remission in 31 (48%), complete remission with incomplete platelet recovery in 11 (17%), and complete remission with incomplete count recovery in six (9%). The median number of cycles to response was one (range, 1–4). Grade 3/4 mucositis was noted in 17% of all patients. The 70 mg/m2 induction dose of vosaroxin was associated with similar rates of overall response (74% versus 73%) and complete remission (51% versus 41%, P=0.44), reduced incidence of mucositis (30% versus 59%, P=0.02), reduced 8-week mortality (9% versus 23%; P=0.14), and improved median overall survival (14.6 months versus 5.5 months, P=0.007). Minimal residual disease-negative status by multiparametric flow-cytometry at response (± 3 months) was achieved in 21 of 39 (54%) evaluable responders and was associated with better median overall survival (34.0 months versus 8.3 months, P=0.023). In conclusion, the combination of vosaroxin with decitabine is effective and well tolerated at a dose of 70 mg/m2 and warrants randomized prospective evaluation. ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01893320
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Affiliation(s)
- Naval Daver
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hagop Kantarjian
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Guillermo Garcia-Manero
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Elias Jabbour
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Gautam Borthakur
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mark Brandt
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sherry Pierce
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kenneth Vaughan
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jing Ning
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Keyur Patel
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jeffery Jorgensen
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Naveen Pemmaraju
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Tapan Kadia
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Marina Konopleva
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Michael Andreeff
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Courtney DiNardo
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jorge Cortes
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Renee Ward
- Sunesis Pharmaceuticals Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Adam Craig
- Sunesis Pharmaceuticals Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Farhad Ravandi
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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Tangella Y, Manasa KL, Sathish M, Alarifi A, Kamal A. Diphenylphosphoryl Azide (DPPA)-Mediated One-Pot Synthesis of Oxazolo[4,5-c
][1,8]naphthyridin-4(5 H
)-ones, Oxazolo[4,5-c
]quinoline-4(5 H
)-ones, and Tosyloxazol-5-yl Pyridines. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201700147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yellaiah Tangella
- Medicinal Chemistry & Biotechnology; CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology; Hyderabad 500 007 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research; CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology; Hyderabad 500 007 India
| | - Kesari Lakshmi Manasa
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry; National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER); Hyderabad- 500 037 India
| | - Manda Sathish
- Medicinal Chemistry & Biotechnology; CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology; Hyderabad 500 007 India
| | - Abdullah Alarifi
- Catalytic Chemistry Research Chair, Chemistry Department, College of Science; King Saud University; Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Kamal
- Medicinal Chemistry & Biotechnology; CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology; Hyderabad 500 007 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research; CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology; Hyderabad 500 007 India
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry; National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER); Hyderabad- 500 037 India
- Catalytic Chemistry Research Chair, Chemistry Department, College of Science; King Saud University; Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia
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Jamieson GC, Fox JA, Poi M, Strickland SA. Molecular and Pharmacologic Properties of the Anticancer Quinolone Derivative Vosaroxin: A New Therapeutic Agent for Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Drugs 2017; 76:1245-1255. [PMID: 27484675 PMCID: PMC4989016 DOI: 10.1007/s40265-016-0614-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Vosaroxin is a first-in-class anticancer quinolone derivative that targets topoisomerase II and induces site-selective double-strand breaks in DNA, leading to tumor cell apoptosis. Vosaroxin has chemical and pharmacologic characteristics distinct from other topoisomerase II inhibitors due to its quinolone scaffold. The efficacy and safety of vosaroxin in combination with cytarabine were evaluated in patients with relapsed/refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in a phase III, randomized, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled study (VALOR). In this study, the addition of vosaroxin produced a 1.4-month improvement in median overall survival (OS; 7.5 months with vosaroxin/cytarabine vs. 6.1 months with placebo/cytarabine; hazard ratio [HR] 0.87, 95 % confidence interval [CI] 0.73−1.02; unstratified log-rank p\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$=$$\end{document}=0.003) and patients with early relapse (6.7 vs. 5.2 months; HR 0.77, 95 % CI 0.59−1.00; p\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$=$$\end{document}= 0.039), two AML patient groups that typically have poor prognosis. Here we review the chemical and pharmacologic properties of vosaroxin, how these properties are distinct from those of currently available topoisomerase II inhibitors, how they may contribute to the efficacy and safety profile observed in the VALOR trial, and the status of clinical development of vosaroxin for treatment of AML.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Judith A Fox
- Sunesis Pharmaceuticals, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ming Poi
- College of Pharmacy, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Stephen A Strickland
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, 2220 Pierce Avenue, 777 Preston Research Building, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
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Paubelle E, Zylbersztejn F, Thomas X. The preclinical discovery of vosaroxin for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2017; 12:747-753. [PMID: 28504025 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2017.1331215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) represents a disease with a very poor outcome and remains an area of significant unmet need necessitating novel therapeutic strategies. Among novel therapeutic agents, vosaroxin is a first-in-class anticancer quinolone derivative that targets topoisomerase II and induces site-selective double-strand breaks in DNA, leading to tumor cell apoptosis. Areas covered: Herein, the authors provide a comprehensive review of the preclinical development of vosaroxin. This includes coverage of vosaroxin's mechanism of action in addition to its pharmacology and of the main studies reported over the past few years with vosaroxin when used to treat adult AML. Expert opinion: Given that vosaroxin is associated with fewer potential side effects, it may be of benefit to elderly patients with relapsed/refractory AML and to those with additional comorbidities who have previously received an anthracycline and cytarabine combination. Furthermore, vosaroxin also was seen to be active in multidrug-resistant preclinical models. However, further studies have to be performed to better evaluate its place in the armamentarium against AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Etienne Paubelle
- a Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hematology Department , Lyon-Sud Hospital , Pierre-Bénite , France
| | | | - Xavier Thomas
- a Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hematology Department , Lyon-Sud Hospital , Pierre-Bénite , France
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Sedov V, Stuart RK. Vosaroxin in relapsed/refractory acute myeloid leukemia: efficacy and safety in the context of the current treatment landscape. Ther Adv Hematol 2017; 8:185-195. [PMID: 28567238 DOI: 10.1177/2040620717703012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatment for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) generally consists of a combination of cytarabine and an anthracycline. Although induction therapy leads to complete remission (CR) for most patients, refractoriness to chemotherapy or relapse after initial response is associated with poor outcomes. The 1-year survival rates after first relapse have been reported at 29%, declining to 11% at 5 years. Prognosis is particularly poor among older patients whose higher prevalence of unfavorable cytogenetics and high frequency of comorbidities diminish their ability to tolerate intensive chemotherapy. There is no standard of care for relapsed/refractory (R/R) AML, and no new therapies have shown consistently superior outcomes in this setting in over two decades. Vosaroxin is an anticancer quinolone derivative (AQD) that was evaluated in combination with cytarabine for the treatment of R/R AML in the randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase III VALOR study (n = 711). Compared with placebo/cytarabine, the vosaroxin/cytarabine regimen demonstrated favorable CR rates and survival in patients ⩾60 years of age, with toxicities similar to other AML regimens. Here we review outcomes of recent studies of commonly used chemotherapy regimens for the treatment of R/R AML and evaluate the results of the VALOR trial in the context of the current treatment landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeriy Sedov
- Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Avenue, Basic Science Building, Suite 102, Charleston, SC 29425-6350, USA
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Jain CK, Majumder HK, Roychoudhury S. Natural Compounds as Anticancer Agents Targeting DNA Topoisomerases. Curr Genomics 2017; 18:75-92. [PMID: 28503091 PMCID: PMC5321768 DOI: 10.2174/1389202917666160808125213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Revised: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA topoisomerases are important cellular enzymes found in almost all types of living cells (eukaryotic and prokaryotic). These enzymes are essential for various DNA metabolic processes e.g. replication, transcription, recombination, chromosomal decatenation etc. These enzymes are important molecular drug targets and inhibitors of these enzymes are widely used as effective anticancer and antibacterial drugs. However, topoisomerase inhibitors have some therapeutic limitations and they exert serious side effects during cancer chemotherapy. Thus, development of novel anticancer topoisomerase inhibitors is necessary for improving cancer chemotherapy. Nature serves as a repertoire of structurally and chemically diverse molecules and in the recent years many DNA topoisomerase inhibitors have been identified from natural sources. The present review discusses anticancer properties and therapeutic importance of eighteen recently identified natural topoisomerase inhibitors (from the year 2009 to 2015). Structural characteristics of these novel inhibitors provide backbones for designing and developing new anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chetan Kumar Jain
- Infectious Diseases and Immunology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata-700032, India
| | - Hemanta Kumar Majumder
- Infectious Diseases and Immunology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata-700032, India
| | - Susanta Roychoudhury
- Division of Research, Saroj Gupta Cancer Centre & Research Institute, M G Road, Thakurpukur, Kolkata-700 063, India
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Valadbeigi E, Ghodsi S. Synthesis and Study of Some New Quinolone Derivatives Containing a 3-acetyl Coumarin for Their Antibacterial and Antifungal Activities. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH : IJPR 2017; 16:554-564. [PMID: 28979309 PMCID: PMC5603863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A series of N-[2-(8-metoxy-2H-chromen-2-one)ethyl] piperazinyl quinolones containing a carbonyl related functional groups (oxo or oxyimino) on the ethyl spacer of coumarin and piperazin rings was synthesized and studied for their antibacterial and antifungal activities . The synthesis of compounds (6a-6l) was achieved through the versatile and efficient synthetic route that involved reaction of quinolones with appropriately α- bromo ketone or α- bromo oxime derivatives (2, 2a-c). The structures of the new compounds were confirmed by IR, Mass, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectra. More good activities against gram-positive and gram-negative are shown in all compounds. The antifungal data reveals that all compounds have shown weak antifungal activity as compared to Nistatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edris Valadbeigi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Karaj Branch, Karaj, Iran.
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