1
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Saraswathy VM, Kurup AJ, Sharma P, Polès S, Poulain M, Fürthauer M. The E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Mindbomb1 controls planar cell polarity-dependent convergent extension movements during zebrafish gastrulation. eLife 2022; 11:71928. [PMID: 35142609 PMCID: PMC8937233 DOI: 10.7554/elife.71928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Vertebrate Delta/Notch signaling involves multiple ligands, receptors and transcription factors. Delta endocytosis - a critical event for Notch activation - is however essentially controlled by the E3 Ubiquitin ligase Mindbomb1 (Mib1). Mib1 inactivation is therefore often used to inhibit Notch signaling. However, recent findings indicate that Mib1 function extends beyond the Notch pathway. We report a novel Notch-independent role of Mib1 in zebrafish gastrulation. mib1 null mutants and morphants display impaired Convergence Extension (CE) movements. Comparison of different mib1 mutants and functional rescue experiments indicate that Mib1 controls CE independently of Notch. Mib1-dependent CE defects can be rescued using the Planar Cell Polarity (PCP) downstream mediator RhoA, or enhanced through knock-down of the PCP ligand Wnt5b. Mib1 regulates CE through its RING Finger domains that have been implicated in substrate ubiquitination, suggesting that Mib1 may control PCP protein trafficking. Accordingly, we show that Mib1 controls the endocytosis of the PCP component Ryk and that Ryk internalization is required for CE. Numerous morphogenetic processes involve both Notch and PCP signaling. Our observation that during zebrafish gastrulation Mib1 exerts a Notch-independent control of PCP-dependent CE movements suggest that Mib1 loss of function phenotypes should be cautiously interpreted depending on the biological context.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sophie Polès
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Inserm, iBV, Nice, France
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2
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Boonsawat P, Joset P, Steindl K, Oneda B, Gogoll L, Azzarello-Burri S, Sheth F, Datar C, Verma IC, Puri RD, Zollino M, Bachmann-Gagescu R, Niedrist D, Papik M, Figueiro-Silva J, Masood R, Zweier M, Kraemer D, Lincoln S, Rodan L, Passemard S, Drunat S, Verloes A, Horn AHC, Sticht H, Steinfeld R, Plecko B, Latal B, Jenni O, Asadollahi R, Rauch A. Elucidation of the phenotypic spectrum and genetic landscape in primary and secondary microcephaly. Genet Med 2019; 21:2043-2058. [PMID: 30842647 PMCID: PMC6752480 DOI: 10.1038/s41436-019-0464-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Microcephaly is a sign of many genetic conditions but has been rarely systematically evaluated. We therefore comprehensively studied the clinical and genetic landscape of an unselected cohort of patients with microcephaly. METHODS We performed clinical assessment, high-resolution chromosomal microarray analysis, exome sequencing, and functional studies in 62 patients (58% with primary microcephaly [PM], 27% with secondary microcephaly [SM], and 15% of unknown onset). RESULTS We found severity of developmental delay/intellectual disability correlating with severity of microcephaly in PM, but not SM. We detected causative variants in 48.4% of patients and found divergent inheritance and variant pattern for PM (mainly recessive and likely gene-disrupting [LGD]) versus SM (all dominant de novo and evenly LGD or missense). While centrosome-related pathways were solely identified in PM, transcriptional regulation was the most frequently affected pathway in both SM and PM. Unexpectedly, we found causative variants in different mitochondria-related genes accounting for ~5% of patients, which emphasizes their role even in syndromic PM. Additionally, we delineated novel candidate genes involved in centrosome-related pathway (SPAG5, TEDC1), Wnt signaling (VPS26A, ZNRF3), and RNA trafficking (DDX1). CONCLUSION Our findings enable improved evaluation and genetic counseling of PM and SM patients and further elucidate microcephaly pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paranchai Boonsawat
- Institute of Medical Genetics, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Pascal Joset
- Institute of Medical Genetics, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Katharina Steindl
- Institute of Medical Genetics, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Beatrice Oneda
- Institute of Medical Genetics, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Laura Gogoll
- Institute of Medical Genetics, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Frenny Sheth
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Satellite, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Chaitanya Datar
- Sahyadri Medical Genetics and Tissue Engineering Facility, Kothrud, Pune and Bharati Hospital and Research Center Dhankawadi, Pune, India
| | - Ishwar C Verma
- Institute of Medical Genetics & Genomics, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Rajinder Nagar, New Delhi, India
| | - Ratna Dua Puri
- Institute of Medical Genetics & Genomics, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Rajinder Nagar, New Delhi, India
| | - Marcella Zollino
- Unità Operativa Complessa di Genetica Medica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, and Istituto di Medicina Genomica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Dunja Niedrist
- Institute of Medical Genetics, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michael Papik
- Institute of Medical Genetics, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Joana Figueiro-Silva
- Institute of Medical Genetics, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Rahim Masood
- Institute of Medical Genetics, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Markus Zweier
- Institute of Medical Genetics, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dennis Kraemer
- Institute of Medical Genetics, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sharyn Lincoln
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lance Rodan
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sandrine Passemard
- Service de Neuropédiatrie, Hôpital Universitaire Robert Debré, APHP, Paris, France
- Département de Génétique, Hôpital Universitaire Robert Debré, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Séverine Drunat
- Département de Génétique, Hôpital Universitaire Robert Debré, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Alain Verloes
- Département de Génétique, Hôpital Universitaire Robert Debré, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Anselm H C Horn
- Division of Bioinformatics, Institute of Biochemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Heinrich Sticht
- Division of Bioinformatics, Institute of Biochemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Robert Steinfeld
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Barbara Plecko
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of General Pediatrics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Beatrice Latal
- Child Development Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Oskar Jenni
- Child Development Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Reza Asadollahi
- Institute of Medical Genetics, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Anita Rauch
- Institute of Medical Genetics, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Zurich, Switzerland.
- Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
- Zurich Center of Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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3
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Chen FY, Huang MY, Lin YM, Ho CH, Lin SY, Chen HY, Hung MC, Chen RH. BIK ubiquitination by the E3 ligase Cul5-ASB11 determines cell fate during cellular stress. J Cell Biol 2019; 218:3002-3018. [PMID: 31387940 PMCID: PMC6719446 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201901156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The BH3-only pro-apoptotic protein BIK is regulated by the ubiquitin-proteasome system. However, the mechanism of this regulation and its physiological functions remain elusive. Here, we identify Cul5-ASB11 as the E3 ligase targeting BIK for ubiquitination and degradation. ER stress leads to the activation of ASB11 by XBP1s during the adaptive phase of the unfolded protein response, which stimulates BIK ubiquitination, interaction with p97/VCP, and proteolysis. This mechanism of BIK degradation contributes to ER stress adaptation by promoting cell survival. Conversely, genotoxic agents down-regulate this IRE1α-XBP1s-ASB11 axis and stabilize BIK, which contributes in part to the apoptotic response to DNA damage. We show that blockade of this BIK degradation pathway by an IRE1α inhibitor can stabilize a BIK active mutant and increase its anti-tumor activity. Our study reveals that different cellular stresses regulate BIK ubiquitination by ASB11 in opposing directions, which determines whether or not cells survive, and that blocking BIK degradation has the potential to be used as an anti-cancer strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei-Yun Chen
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Biochemical Sciences, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Min-Yu Huang
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Biochemical Sciences, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Min Lin
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Biochemical Sciences, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Huan Ho
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Biochemical Sciences, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Yu Lin
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yi Chen
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mien-Chie Hung
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX.,Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Center for Molecular Medicine and Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ruey-Hwa Chen
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan .,Institute of Biochemical Sciences, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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4
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Liu P, Verhaar AP, Peppelenbosch MP. Signaling Size: Ankyrin and SOCS Box-Containing ASB E3 Ligases in Action. Trends Biochem Sci 2018; 44:64-74. [PMID: 30446376 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2018.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Ankyrin repeat and suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) box (Asb) proteins are ubiquitin E3 ligases. The subfamily of six-ankyrin repeat domain-containing Asb proteins (Asb5, Asb9, Asb11, and Asb13) is of specific interest because they display unusual strong evolutionary conservation (e.g., urochordate and human ASB11 are >49% similar at the amino acid level) and mediate compartment size expansion, regulating, for instance, the size of the brain and muscle compartment. Thus, they may be involved in the explanation of the differences in brain size between humans and apes. Mechanistically, many questions remain, but it has become clear that regulation of canonical Notch signaling and also mitochondrial function are important effectors. Here, we review the action and function of six ankyrin repeat domain-containing Asb proteins in physiology and pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengyu Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Auke P Verhaar
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maikel P Peppelenbosch
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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5
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Okumura F, Joo-Okumura A, Nakatsukasa K, Kamura T. The role of cullin 5-containing ubiquitin ligases. Cell Div 2016; 11:1. [PMID: 27030794 PMCID: PMC4812663 DOI: 10.1186/s13008-016-0016-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) box consists of the BC box and the cullin 5 (Cul5) box, which interact with Elongin BC and Cul5, respectively. SOCS box-containing proteins have ubiquitin ligase activity mediated by the formation of a complex with the scaffold protein Cul5 and the RING domain protein Rbx2, and are thereby members of the cullin RING ligase superfamily. Cul5-type ubiquitin ligases have a variety of substrates that are targeted for polyubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. Here, we review the current knowledge on the identification of Cul5 and the regulation of its expression, as well as the signaling pathways regulated by Cul5 and how viruses highjack the Cul5 system to overcome antiviral responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumihiko Okumura
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8602 Japan
| | - Akiko Joo-Okumura
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8602 Japan
| | - Kunio Nakatsukasa
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8602 Japan
| | - Takumi Kamura
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8602 Japan
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6
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Cullin 5-RING E3 ubiquitin ligases, new therapeutic targets? Biochimie 2016; 122:339-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2015.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Accepted: 08/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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7
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Johnson CL, Mehmood R, Laing SW, Stepniak CV, Kharitonenkov A, Pin CL. Silencing of the Fibroblast growth factor 21 gene is an underlying cause of acinar cell injury in mice lacking MIST1. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2014; 306:E916-28. [PMID: 24549397 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00559.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is a key regulator of metabolism under conditions of stress such as starvation, obesity, and hypothermia. Rapid induction of FGF21 is also observed in experimental models of pancreatitis, and FGF21 reduces tissue damage observed in these models, suggesting a nonmetabolic function. Pancreatitis is a debilitating disease with significant morbidity that greatly increases the risk of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. The goals of this study were to examine the regulation and function of FGF21 in acinar cell injury, specifically in a mouse model of pancreatic injury (Mist1(-/-)). Mist1(-/-) mice exhibit acinar cell disorganization, decreased acinar cell communication and exocytosis, and increased sensitivity to cerulein-induced pancreatitis (CIP). Examination of Fgf21 expression in Mist1(-/-) mice by qRT-PCR, Northern blot, and Western blot analyses showed a marked decrease in pancreatic Fgf21 expression before and after induction of CIP compared with C57Bl/6 mice. To determine whether the loss of FGF21 accounted for the Mist1(-/-) phenotypes, we generated Mist1(-/-) mice overexpressing human FGF21 from the ApoE promoter (Mist1(-/-)ApoE-FGF21). Reexpression of FGF21 partially mitigated pancreatic damage in Mist1(-/-) tissue based on reduced intrapancreatic enzyme activation, reduced expression of genes involved in fibrosis, and restored cell-cell junctions. Interestingly, alteration of Fgf21 expression in Mist1(-/-) tissue was not simply due to a loss of direct transcriptional regulation by MIST1. Chromatin immunopreciptation indicated that the loss of Fgf21 in the Mist1(-/-) pancreas is due, in part, to epigenetic silencing. Thus, our studies identify a new role for FGF21 in reducing acinar cell injury and uncover a novel mechanism for regulating Fgf21 gene expression.
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8
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Lin PI, Kuo PH, Chen CH, Wu JY, Gau SSF, Wu YY, Liu SK. Runs of homozygosity associated with speech delay in autism in a taiwanese han population: evidence for the recessive model. PLoS One 2013; 8:e72056. [PMID: 23977206 PMCID: PMC3745408 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0072056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2013] [Accepted: 07/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Runs of homozygosity (ROH) may play a role in complex diseases. In the current study, we aimed to test if ROHs are linked to the risk of autism and related language impairment. We analyzed 546,080 SNPs in 315 Han Chinese affected with autism and 1,115 controls. ROH was defined as an extended homozygous haplotype spanning at least 500 kb. Relative extended haplotype homozygosity (REHH) for the trait-associated ROH region was calculated to search for the signature of selection sweeps. Totally, we identified 676 ROH regions. An ROH region on 11q22.3 was significantly associated with speech delay (corrected p = 1.73×10(-8)). This region contains the NPAT and ATM genes associated with ataxia telangiectasia characterized by language impairment; the CUL5 (culin 5) gene in the same region may modulate the neuronal migration process related to language functions. These three genes are highly expressed in the cerebellum. No evidence for recent positive selection was detected on the core haplotypes in this region. The same ROH region was also nominally significantly associated with speech delay in another independent sample (p = 0.037; combinatorial analysis Stouffer's z trend = 0.0005). Taken together, our findings suggest that extended recessive loci on 11q22.3 may play a role in language impairment in autism. More research is warranted to investigate if these genes influence speech pathology by perturbing cerebellar functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping-I Lin
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Hsiu Kuo
- Graduate Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Public Health, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hsiang Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Jer-Yuarn Wu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Susan S-F. Gau
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Public Health, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, Department of Psychology, and School of Occupational Therapy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Yu Wu
- Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital- Linkou Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Kai Liu
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Taoyuan Mental Hospital, Department of Health, Executive Yuan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
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9
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Muniz JRC, Guo K, Kershaw NJ, Ayinampudi V, von Delft F, Babon JJ, Bullock AN. Molecular architecture of the ankyrin SOCS box family of Cul5-dependent E3 ubiquitin ligases. J Mol Biol 2013; 425:3166-77. [PMID: 23806657 PMCID: PMC3779351 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2013.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2013] [Revised: 06/10/2013] [Accepted: 06/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Multi-subunit Cullin-RING E3 ligases often use repeat domain proteins as substrate-specific adaptors. Structures of these macromolecular assemblies are determined for the F-box-containing leucine-rich repeat and WD40 repeat families, but not for the suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS)-box-containing ankyrin repeat proteins (ASB1-18), which assemble with Elongins B and C and Cul5. We determined the crystal structures of the ternary complex of ASB9-Elongin B/C as well as the interacting N-terminal domain of Cul5 and used structural comparisons to establish a model for the complete Cul5-based E3 ligase. The structures reveal a distinct architecture of the ASB9 complex that positions the ankyrin domain coaxial to the SOCS box-Elongin B/C complex and perpendicular to other repeat protein complexes. This alternative architecture appears favorable to present the ankyrin domain substrate-binding site to the E2-ubiquitin, while also providing spacing suitable for bulky ASB9 substrates, such as the creatine kinases. The presented Cul5 structure also differs from previous models and deviates from other Cullins via a rigid-body rotation between Cullin repeats. This work highlights the adaptability of repeat domain proteins as scaffolds in substrate recognition and lays the foundation for future structure-function studies of this important E3 family.
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Affiliation(s)
- João R C Muniz
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7DQ, United Kingdom
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10
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Tee JM, Sartori da Silva MA, Rygiel AM, Muncan V, Bink R, van den Brink GR, van Tijn P, Zivkovic D, Kodach LL, Guardavaccaro D, Diks SH, Peppelenbosch MP. asb11 is a regulator of embryonic and adult regenerative myogenesis. Stem Cells Dev 2012; 21:3091-103. [PMID: 22512762 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2012.0123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The specific molecular determinants that govern progenitor expansion and final compartment size in the myogenic lineage, either during gestation or during regenerative myogenesis, remain largely obscure. Recently, we retrieved d-asb11 from a zebrafish screen designed to identify gene products that are downregulated during embryogenesis upon terminal differentiation and identified it as a potential regulator of compartment size in the ectodermal lineage. A role in mesodermal derivatives remained, however, unexplored. Here we report pan-vertebrate expression of Asb11 in muscle compartments, where it highly specifically localizes to the Pax7(+) muscle satellite cell compartment. Forced expression of d-asb11 impaired terminal differentiation and caused enhanced proliferation in the myogenic progenitor compartment both in in vivo and in vitro model systems. Conversely, introduction of a germline hypomorphic mutation in the zebrafish d-asb11 gene produced premature differentiation of the muscle progenitors and delayed regenerative responses in adult injured muscle. Thus, the expression of d-asb11 is necessary for muscle progenitor expansion, whereas its downregulation marks the onset of terminal differentiation. Hence, we provide evidence that d-asb11 is a principal regulator of embryonic as well as adult regenerative myogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Ming Tee
- Hubrecht Institute-KNAW and University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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11
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Linossi EM, Nicholson SE. The SOCS box-adapting proteins for ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. IUBMB Life 2012; 64:316-23. [PMID: 22362562 DOI: 10.1002/iub.1011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2011] [Accepted: 01/25/2012] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The suppressor of cytokine signalling (SOCS) box was first identified in the SH2-containing SOCS box family (cytokine-inducible SH2-containing protein, SOCS1-7) and is a 40-amino acid motif, which functions to recruit an E3 ubiquitin ligase complex consisting of the adapter proteins elongins B and C, Rbx2 and the scaffold protein Cullin5. The SOCS box is found in a diverse array of intracellular signalling molecules, many of which contain different protein interaction domains such as SPRY and WD40 domains, leucine and ankyrin repeats or other functional domains such as GTPases. In general, the SOCS box-containing proteins are thought to act as substrate-recognition modules to mediate the polyubiquitination and subsequent degradation of substrate proteins by the 26S proteasome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edmond M Linossi
- Inflammation Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute for Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria
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12
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Okumura F, Matsuzaki M, Nakatsukasa K, Kamura T. The Role of Elongin BC-Containing Ubiquitin Ligases. Front Oncol 2012; 2:10. [PMID: 22649776 PMCID: PMC3355856 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2012.00010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2011] [Accepted: 01/17/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The Elongin complex was originally identified as a positive regulator of RNA polymerase II and is composed of a transcriptionally active subunit (A) and two regulatory subunits (B and C). The Elongin BC complex enhances the transcriptional activity of Elongin A. “Classical” SOCS box-containing proteins interact with the Elongin BC complex and have ubiquitin ligase activity. They also interact with the scaffold protein Cullin (Cul) and the RING domain protein Rbx and thereby are members of the Cullin RING ligase (CRL) superfamily. The Elongin BC complex acts as an adaptor connecting Cul and SOCS box proteins. Recently, it was demonstrated that classical SOCS box proteins can be further divided into two groups, Cul2- and Cul5-type proteins. The classical SOCS box-containing protein pVHL is now classified as a Cul2-type protein. The Elongin BC complex containing CRL family is now considered two distinct protein assemblies, which play an important role in regulating a variety of cellular processes such as tumorigenesis, signal transduction, cell motility, and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumihiko Okumura
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
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13
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Gul-Uludag H, Xu P, Marquez-Curtis LA, Xing J, Janowska-Wieczorek A, Chen J. Cationic liposome-mediated CXCR4 gene delivery into hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells: implications for clinical transplantation and gene therapy. Stem Cells Dev 2011; 21:1587-96. [PMID: 22047530 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2011.0297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The chemokine stromal cell-derived factor (SDF)-1α/CXCL12 and its receptor CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) play a crucial role in the homing/engraftment and retention of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) in the bone marrow. It has been shown using the viral gene transfer technique that CXCR4 overexpression on human CD34(+) HSPC significantly improves their engraftment in murine models. However, clinical trials with gene therapy have revealed safety concerns related to the immunogenicity of the viral carriers, due to the random integration of viral genes into the host genome. Therefore, a method for CXCR4 gene delivery into HSPC that is safe, nonviral, and highly efficient is needed to improve clinical transplantation and gene therapies. In this work, we investigated the nonviral CXCR4 gene delivery into HSPC using the cationic liposome agent IBAfect. We used CD34(+) cells from cord blood and the models of immature hematopoietic cells expressing CD34 antigen, namely, leukemic cell lines KG-1a and KG-1. Transfection efficiency was determined by flow cytometric analysis 12, 24, 48, and 72 h after transfection, and the viability of cells analyzed by trypan blue exclusion and MTS assays. The functional response of CXCR4-transfected HSPC toward an SDF-1α gradient was determined by chemotaxis assay. We found that ~25% transfection is achieved for KG-1a and KG-1 cells and 20% for HSPC, and that the viability of CXCR4-transfected HSPC is not significantly altered. More importantly, overexpression of CXCR4 using IBAfect significantly increased the chemotaxis of KG-1 cells and HSPC toward SDF-1α. However, we tested 2 other commercially available cationic liposomes (Lipofectamine 2000 and 1,2-dioleoyl-3-trimethylammonium-propane [DOTAP]) in parallel, and we found that they failed to deliver the CXCR4 gene into cells under the same conditions. These results suggest that IBAfect-mediated in vitro gene delivery to overexpress CXCR4 on HSPC is a safe and efficient technique with great potential for improving the efficacy of HSPC transplantation and gene therapy protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilal Gul-Uludag
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
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Abstract
In the first volume of Developmental Cell, it was reported that the classic Drosophila neurogenic gene neuralized encodes a ubiquitin ligase that monoubiquitylates the Notch ligand Delta, thus promoting Delta endocytosis. A requirement for ligand internalization by the signal-sending cell, although counterintuitive, remains to date a feature unique to Notch signaling. Ten years and many ubiquitin ligases later, we discuss sequels to these three papers with an eye toward reviewing the development of ideas for how ligand ubiquitylation and endocytosis propel Notch signaling.
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