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Sheth J, Sheth H, Sheth F, Thelma BK, Joshi M, Kaur I, Joshi C. 48th annual meeting and international conference of the Indian Society of Human Genetics 2024: fostering collaborations within rare disease research community. Lancet Reg Health Southeast Asia 2024; 23:100373. [PMID: 38434479 PMCID: PMC10905951 DOI: 10.1016/j.lansea.2024.100373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Jayesh Sheth
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Harsh Sheth
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Frenny Sheth
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | | | - Madhvi Joshi
- Gujarat Biotechnology Research Centre, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | | | - Chaitanya Joshi
- Gujarat Biotechnology Research Centre, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
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Sheth F, Shah J, Jain D, Shah S, Patel H, Patel K, Solanki DI, Iyer AS, Menghani B, Mhatre P, Mehta S, Bajaj S, Patel V, Pandya M, Dhami D, Patel D, Sheth J, Sheth H. Comparative yield of molecular diagnostic algorithms for autism spectrum disorder diagnosis in India: evidence supporting whole exome sequencing as first tier test. BMC Neurol 2023; 23:292. [PMID: 37543562 PMCID: PMC10403833 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-023-03341-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) affects 1 in 100 children globally with a rapidly increasing prevalence. To the best of our knowledge, no data exists on the genetic architecture of ASD in India. This study aimed to identify the genetic architecture of ASD in India and to assess the use of whole exome sequencing (WES) as a first-tier test instead of chromosomal microarray (CMA) for genetic diagnosis. METHODS Between 2020 and 2022, 101 patient-parent trios of Indian origin diagnosed with ASD according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, 5th edition, were recruited. All probands underwent a sequential genetic testing pathway consisting of karyotyping, Fragile-X testing (in male probands only), CMA and WES. Candidate variant validation and parental segregation analysis was performed using orthogonal methods. RESULTS Of 101 trios, no probands were identified with a gross chromosomal anomaly or Fragile-X. Three (2.9%) and 30 (29.7%) trios received a confirmed genetic diagnosis from CMA and WES, respectively. Amongst diagnosis from WES, SNVs were detected in 27 cases (90%) and CNVs in 3 cases (10%), including the 3 CNVs detected from CMA. Segregation analysis showed 66.6% (n = 3 for CNVs and n = 17 for SNVs) and 16.6% (n = 5) of the cases had de novo and recessive variants respectively, which is in concordance with the distribution of variant types and mode of inheritance observed in ASD patients of non-Hispanic white/ European ethnicity. MECP2 gene was the most recurrently mutated gene (n = 6; 20%) in the present cohort. Majority of the affected genes identified in the study cohort are involved in synaptic formation, transcription and its regulation, ubiquitination and chromatin remodeling. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests de novo variants as a major cause of ASD in the Indian population, with Rett syndrome as the most commonly detected disorder. Furthermore, we provide evidence of a significant difference in the diagnostic yield between CMA (3%) and WES (30%) which supports the implementation of WES as a first-tier test for genetic diagnosis of ASD in India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frenny Sheth
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, Ahmedabad, India.
| | - Jhanvi Shah
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Deepika Jain
- Shishu Child Development and Early Intervention Centre, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Siddharth Shah
- Royal Institute of Child Neurosciences, Ahmedabad, India
| | | | - Ketan Patel
- Specialty Homeopathic Clinic, Ahmedabad, India
| | | | | | - Bhargavi Menghani
- Children's Institute for Development and Advancement Centre, Vadodara, India
| | - Priti Mhatre
- Tender Kinds Centre for Child Development, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Sanjiv Mehta
- Royal Institute of Child Neurosciences, Ahmedabad, India
| | | | - Vishal Patel
- Little Brain Pediatric Neurocare Centre, Vadodara, India
| | | | - Deepak Dhami
- Axon Child Neurology and Epilepsy Centre, Rajkot, India
| | - Darshan Patel
- Charotar Institute of Paramedical Sciences, Charotar University of Science and Technology, Changa, India
| | - Jayesh Sheth
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Harsh Sheth
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, Ahmedabad, India.
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Sheth J, Nair A, Bhavsar R, Shah H, Tayade N, Prabha CR, Sheth F, Sheth H. Late infantile and adult-onset metachromatic leukodystrophy due to novel missense variants in the PSAP gene: Case report from India. JIMD Rep 2023; 64:265-273. [PMID: 37404680 PMCID: PMC10315378 DOI: 10.1002/jmd2.12374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD) due to Sap-B deficiency is a rare autosomal recessive disorder caused due to biallelic variants in the PSAP gene. The PSAP gene encodes a precursor protein prosaposin, which is subsequently cleaved to form four active glycoproteins: Sap-A, Sap-B, Sap-C, and Sap-D. In case of deficiency of the sphingolipid activator protein Sap-B, there is a gradual accumulation of cerebroside-3-sulfate in the myelin of the nervous system resulting in progressive demyelination. Only 12 variants have been reported in the PSAP gene causing Sap-B deficiency to date. Here, we report two cases of MLD due to Sap-B deficiency (late-infantile and adult-onset form) harboring two novel missense variants c.688T > G and c.593G > A in the PSAP gene respectively. This study reports the third case of adult-onset MLD due to Sap-B deficiency in the world. The proband, a 3-year-old male child presented with complaints of hypotonia, lower limb tremors and global developmental delay. His MRI showed hyperintense signals in the bilateral cerebellar white matter. Overall, the findings were suggestive of metachromatic leukodystrophy. The second case was a 19-year-old male child with clinical features of regression of speech, gait ataxia and bilateral tremors referred to our clinic. MRI data suggested metachromatic leukodystrophy. Normal enzyme activity of arylsulfatase-A led to a suspicion of saposin B deficiency. For both cases, targeted sequencing was performed. This identified homozygous variant c.688T > G (p.Cys230Gly) and c.593G > A (p.Cys198Tyr) in exon 6 of the PSAP gene, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayesh Sheth
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE HouseAhmedabadIndia
| | - Aadhira Nair
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE HouseAhmedabadIndia
| | - Riddhi Bhavsar
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE HouseAhmedabadIndia
| | - Heli Shah
- Smt. NHL Municipal Medical CollegeAhmedabadIndia
| | - Naresh Tayade
- Department of PediatricsDr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Memorial Medical CollegeAmravatiIndia
| | - C. Ratna Prabha
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of ScienceThe M. S. University of BarodaVadodaraIndia
| | - Frenny Sheth
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE HouseAhmedabadIndia
| | - Harsh Sheth
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE HouseAhmedabadIndia
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Sheth J, Shah S, Datar C, Bhatt K, Raval P, Nair A, Jain D, Shah J, Sheth F, Sheth H. Late infantile form of multiple sulfatase deficiency with a novel missense variant in the SUMF1 gene: case report and review. BMC Pediatr 2023; 23:133. [PMID: 36959582 PMCID: PMC10037891 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-023-03955-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple sulfatase deficiency (MSD) is a rare lysosomal storage disorder caused due to pathogenic variants in the SUMF1 gene. The SUMF1 gene encodes for formylglycine generating enzyme (FGE) that is involved in the catalytic activation of the family of sulfatases. The affected patients present with a wide spectrum of clinical features including multi-organ involvement. To date, almost 140 cases of MSD have been reported worldwide, with only four cases reported from India. The present study describes two cases of late infantile form of MSD from India and the identification of a novel missense variant in the SUMF1 gene. CASE PRESENTATION In case 1, a male child presented to us at the age of 6 years. The remarkable presenting features included ichthyosis, presence of irritability, poor social response, thinning of corpus callosum on MRI and, speech regression. Clinical suspicion of MSD was confirmed by enzyme analysis of two sulfatase enzymes followed by gene sequencing. We identified a novel missense variant c.860A > T (p.Asn287Ile) in exon 7 of the SUMF1 gene. In case 2, a two and a half years male child presented with ichthyosis, leukodystrophy and facial dysmorphism. We performed an enzyme assay for two sulfatases, which showed significantly reduced activities thereby confirming MSD diagnosis. CONCLUSION Overall, present study has added to the existing data on MSD from India. Based on the computational analysis, the novel variant c.860A > T identified in this study is likely to be associated with a milder phenotype and prolonged survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayesh Sheth
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, Ahmedabad, India.
| | - Siddharth Shah
- Royal Institute of Child Neurosciences, Vastrapur, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Chaitanya Datar
- Bharati Hospital and Research Centre, Dhankawadi, Pune, India
- KEM Hospital, Rasta Peth, Pune, India
| | - Kaveri Bhatt
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Pooja Raval
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Aadhira Nair
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Deepika Jain
- Shishu Child Development and Early Intervention Centre, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Jhanvi Shah
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Frenny Sheth
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Harsh Sheth
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, Ahmedabad, India
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Sheth F, Shah J, Patel K, Patel D, Jain D, Sheth J, Sheth H. A novel case of two siblings harbouring homozygous variant in the NEUROG1 gene with autism as an additional phenotype: a case report. BMC Neurol 2023; 23:20. [PMID: 36647078 PMCID: PMC9841689 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-023-03065-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION NEUROG1 gene is yet to be associated with a set of human phenotypes in the OMIM database. Three cases have previously been diagnosed with cranial dysinnervation due to biallelic variants in the NEUROG1 gene. This is the fourth and a novel report of a sibling pair harboring a homozygous variant in the NEUROG1 gene with autism as an additional phenotype. A brief review of the literature in conjunction with a genotype-phenotype correlation has been described. A potential hypothesis for the presence of the autistic phenotype in the present case has also been elucidated. CASE PRESENTATION A female aged 6 years and 9 months born to endogamous and phenotypically healthy parents was diagnosed with global developmental delay, autism spectrum disorder, hearing loss, corneal opacity and no eye blinking. Her MRI of the brain revealed mild peritrigonal white matter hyperintensity, and MRI and CT scan of the temporal bones showed abnormal cranial nerves. The proband's younger sister, aged 4-years, was similarly affected. Whole exome sequencing was performed in the proband, which revealed a novel homozygous, likely pathogenic, truncating frameshift variant, c.228_231dup (p.Thr78ProfsTer122) in exon 1 of the NEUROG1 gene (ENST00000314744.4). Segregation analysis by Sanger sequencing showed the proband and her younger sister to be homozygotes and their parents to be heterozygous carriers. CONCLUSION This is the fourth report across the globe with a variant identified in the NEUROG1 gene to be associated with cranial dysinnervation phenotype. An additional phenotype of autism in two female siblings was a novel observation. We provide a hypothetical framework which could explain the pleiotropic effect of a dysfunctional NEUROG1 protein leading to autism and posit it as a candidate for diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder with congenital cranial dysinnervation disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frenny Sheth
- grid.411494.d0000 0001 2154 7601FRIGE’s Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, 380015 Satellite, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Jhanvi Shah
- grid.411494.d0000 0001 2154 7601FRIGE’s Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, 380015 Satellite, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Ketan Patel
- Speciality Homeopathy Clinic, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Darshan Patel
- grid.448806.60000 0004 1771 0527Charotar Institute of Paramedical Sciences, Charotar University of Science and Technology, Changa, Gujarat India
| | - Deepika Jain
- Shishu Child Development and Early Intervention Centre, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Jayesh Sheth
- grid.411494.d0000 0001 2154 7601FRIGE’s Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, 380015 Satellite, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Harsh Sheth
- grid.411494.d0000 0001 2154 7601FRIGE’s Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, 380015 Satellite, Ahmedabad, India
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Méndez-Rosado LA, de León-Ojeda N, García A, Sheth F, Gaadi A, Bousfiha AA, Lehlimi M, Natiq A, Kurinnaia OS, Vorsanova SG, Iourov I, Huhle D, Liehr T. Clinical characterization of 72 patients with del(22)(q11.2q11.2) from different ethnic backgrounds. Egypt J Med Hum Genet 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s43042-022-00374-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
DiGeorge syndrome (DGS), caused by a deletion del(22)(q11.2q11.2), is the most frequently observed microdeletion syndrome. There is a vast clinical heterogeneity in DGS, and several studies suggested also heterogeneity of clinical signs and phenotypic appearance to be related to ethnic differences. Here, clinical characteristics of 72 patients with molecular diagnosed deletion del(22)(q11.2q11.2) derived from different countries from Europe, America, Africa, and Asia are summarized and compared.
Results
Unless ethnic differences, the expected major clinical signs were present in all cases. Frequent clinical manifestations found in this study were congenital heart disease with 68% (49/72), followed by dysmorphic features found in 61% (44/72); neurodevelopmental disorders were present in 43% (31/72) and thymus hypoplasia/aplasia in 32% (23/72). However, clinical features of the patients appeared/were recognized at different times during their lives. Within the group, under 2 years predominated heart disease, dysmorphic features, and hypocalcemia and/or hypoparathyroidism. In the group older than 2 years, the following combination of clinical findings was most frequent: dysmorphic features, congenital heart disease, intellectual disability, and immunological disorders. In the eight cases detected prenatally, abnormal sonographic findings were the major clinical signs (cardiovascular malformations and renal malformations).
Conclusions
Despite the heterogeneous nature of the sample analyzed, a number of clinical findings could be highlighted to be useful for the clinical delineation of this DGS. Interestingly, diagnostic indicators may vary depending on the age at diagnosis. Finally, apparent differences in DGS patients from different regions seem to be rather due to applied test systems than to real differences in patients from different ethnicities.
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Sheth H, Naik P, Shah M, Bhavsar R, Nair A, Sheth F, Sheth J. The GALNS p.P77R variant is a probable Gujarati-Indian founder mutation causing Mucopolysaccharidosis IVA syndrome. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:458. [PMID: 35729508 PMCID: PMC9210747 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08693-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mucopolysaccharidosis IVA (Morquio syndrome A, MPS IVA) is an autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder caused due to biallelic variants in the N-acetylgalactoseamine-6-sulfate sulfatase (GALNS) gene. The mutation spectrum in this condition is determined amongst sub-populations belonging to the north, south and east India geography, however, sub-populations of west Indian origin, especially Gujarati-Indians, are yet to be studied. We aimed to analyse the variants present in the GLANS gene amongst the population of Gujarat by sequencing all exons and exon–intron boundaries of the GALNS gene in patients from 23 unrelated families. Results We report 11 variants that include eight missense variants: (p.L36R, p.D39G, p.P77R, p.C79R, pP125L, p.P151L, p.G255A and p.L350P), one splice site variant: (c.121-7C > G), one small insertion: (c.1241_1242insA, p.I416HfsTer2) and one small deletion: (c.839_841delACA). Of these, three missense variants (p.D39G, p.G255A and p.L350P), one splice site and the two indels mentioned above are novel. Interestingly, we observed a higher than anticipated prevalence of p.P77R variant in our cohort (n = 14/25, 56%). Haplotype analysis in cases with p.P77R variant and 63 ethnicity matched healthy population controls suggested a 4 SNP haplotype block present in cases compared to controls (likelihood ratio test p-value = 1.16 × 10–13), thereby suggesting p.P77R variant as a founder variant in the Gujarati-Indian population. Furthermore, age of mutation analysis suggested the variant to have arisen approximately 450 years ago in the population. Conclusion p.P77R variant in the GLANS gene is likely to be a founder variant in MPS IVA patients of Gujarati-Indian ancestry and appeared approximately 450 years ago in the population. To our knowledge, this is the first variant to be posited as a founder variant in the GLANS gene in patients with MPS IVA syndrome. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-022-08693-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harsh Sheth
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Village Road, Satellite, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380015, India.
| | - Premal Naik
- Rainbow Super Speciality Hospital and Children's Orthopedic Centre, Ahmedabad, India
| | | | - Riddhi Bhavsar
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Village Road, Satellite, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380015, India
| | - Aadhira Nair
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Village Road, Satellite, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380015, India
| | - Frenny Sheth
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Village Road, Satellite, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380015, India
| | - Jayesh Sheth
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Village Road, Satellite, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380015, India.
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Bajaj S, Satoskar P, Nair A, Sheth F, Sheth J, Sheth H. An ultra-rare case of immunoskeletal dysplasia with neurodevelopmental abnormalities in an Indian patient with homozygous c.953C > T variant in EXTL3 gene: a case report. BMC Pediatr 2022; 22:78. [PMID: 35114981 PMCID: PMC8812182 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-022-03143-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Immunoskeletal dysplasia with neurodevelopmental abnormalities (ISDNA) is an ultra-rare genetic condition that belongs to the group of spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasias. It is caused due to presence of biallelic variants in the EXTL3 gene. The encoded exostosin like glycosyltransferase 3 (EXTL3) protein plays a key role in heparan sulfate synthesis. The skeletal and nervous systems are prominently affected in ISDNA with variability in immunological manifestations. Here, we report the 15th case of ISDNA (third patient of an Indian ancestry) in the world, along with a review of literature. Case presentation A 15-month-old female child with clinical indications of global developmental delay, short stature, coarse facial features, and hypotonia was referred to our clinic. Spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasias associated with extra-skeletal manifestations was suspected based on clinic-radiological correlation. Whole exome sequencing analysis revealed the presence of a homozygous known pathogenic variant c.953C > T (p. Pro318Leu) in exon 3 of the EXTL3 gene, thereby confirming diagnosis of ISDNA. Conclusion We present an ultra-rare case of ISDNA- third patient of Indian ancestry and only the 15th reported case in the literature. On review of all cases in the literature, we find that the affected individuals show abnormalities primarily in three systems namely- skeletal, nervous and immune system. Notably, patients harbouring the same variant in EXTL3 gene show phenotypic variability especially with respect to presence or absence of immunological manifestations, suggesting a role of unknown modifiers. Hence, it is currently not possible to correlate the variant position in the EXTL3 gene with disease severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shruti Bajaj
- The Purple Gene Clinic, Simplex Khushaangan, SV Road, Malad West, Mumbai, 400064, Maharashtra, India
| | - Purnima Satoskar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nowrosjee Wadia Maternity Hospital and Seth G. S. Medical College, Acharya Donde Marg, Parel, Mumbai, 400012, India
| | - Aadhira Nair
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, 380015, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Frenny Sheth
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, 380015, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Jayesh Sheth
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, 380015, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Harsh Sheth
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, 380015, Ahmedabad, India.
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Shah J, Patel H, Jain D, Sheth F, Sheth H. A rare case of a male child with post-zygotic de novo mosaic variant c.538C > T in MECP2 gene: a case report of Rett syndrome. BMC Neurol 2021; 21:469. [PMID: 34856927 PMCID: PMC8638266 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-021-02500-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rett syndrome (RTT) is characterized by a normal perinatal period with a normal head size at birth followed by normal development for the first 6 months of life followed by gradual deceleration of head growth, loss of acquired purposeful hand skills, severe expressive and receptive language impairment, severe intellectual disability and gait and truncal apraxia/ ataxia. It is caused due to mutations in the MECP2 gene and follows an X-linked dominant mode of inheritance. It was observed exclusively in females and was believed to be lethal in males. In contrast to this belief, several males were identified with RTT upon genetic analysis, however, most males expired by the age of 2 years due to neonatal encephalopathy. The ones that survived beyond the age of 2 years, were attributed to the presence of an extra X chromosome (co-occurrence of Klinefelter and RTT) or the ones having mosaic cell lines. Only 11 males with somatic mosaicism are known till date. CASE PRESENTATION This case reports an ultra-rare case of a male affected with RTT surviving beyond the age of 2 years due to post-zygotic de novo somatic mosaicism. He was identified with a known pathogenic variant c.538C > T (p.R180*), which to the best of our knowledge is exclusively seen in females and has never been reported in a male before. CONCLUSION The present case is the first report of a mosaic male affected with RTT from India. The present report also carried out genotype-phenotype correlations across surviving mosaic males with RTT. We also postulate the effect of variant type, position along the gene and the variant allele fraction in different tissue types to be correlated with disease severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhanvi Shah
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, 380015, Ahmedabad, India
| | | | - Deepika Jain
- Shishu Child Development and Early Intervention Centre, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Frenny Sheth
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, 380015, Ahmedabad, India.
| | - Harsh Sheth
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, 380015, Ahmedabad, India.
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Sheth H, Sheth J, Pancholi D, Bhavsar R, Mannan A, Ganapathy A, Chowdhury M, Shah S, Solanki D, Sheth F. Assessing Utility of Clinical Exome Sequencing in Diagnosis of Rare Idiopathic Neurodevelopmental Disorders in Indian Population. Neurol India 2021; 69:1729-1736. [DOI: 10.4103/0028-3886.333475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Sheth H, Trivedi S, Liehr T, Patel K, Jain D, Sheth J, Sheth F. Mosaic chromosome 18 anomaly delineated in a child with dysmorphism using a three-pronged cytogenetic techniques approach: a case report. BMC Med Genomics 2020; 13:141. [PMID: 32972420 PMCID: PMC7517678 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-020-00796-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A plethora of cases are reported in the literature with iso- and ring-chromosome 18. However, co-occurrence of these two abnormalities in an individual along with a third cell line and absence of numerical anomaly is extremely rare. Case presentation A 7-year-old female was referred for diagnosis due to gross facial dysmorphism and severe developmental delay. She presented with dysmorphic features, hypo/hyper pigmentation of the skin, intellectual disability and craniosynostosis. G-banding chromosome analysis suggested mos 46,XX,psu idic(18)(p11.2)[25]/46,XX,r(?18)[30]. Additional analysis by molecular karyotyping suggested pure partial deletion of 15 Mb on 18p (18p11.32p11.21). Lastly, multiple rearrangements and detection of a third cell line (ring chr18 and interstitial deletion) of chr18 was observed by multi-color banding. Conclusion The current study presents a novel case of chromosomal abnormalities pertaining to chromosome 18 across 3 cell lines, which were delineated with a combinatorial approach of diagnostic methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harsh Sheth
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Satellite, Ahmedabad, 380015, India
| | - Sunil Trivedi
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Satellite, Ahmedabad, 380015, India
| | - Thomas Liehr
- University Clinic Jena, Institute of Human Genetics, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany
| | - Ketan Patel
- Himalaya Arcade A, Vastrapur, Ahmedabad, 380015, India
| | - Deepika Jain
- Shishu Child Development & Early Intervention Centre, 403, Addor Ambition, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, 380014, India
| | - Jayesh Sheth
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Satellite, Ahmedabad, 380015, India
| | - Frenny Sheth
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Satellite, Ahmedabad, 380015, India.
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Ganapathy A, Mishra A, Soni MR, Kumar P, Sadagopan M, Kanthi AV, Patric IRP, George S, Sridharan A, Thyagarajan TC, Aswathy SL, Vidya HK, Chinnappa SM, Nayanala S, Prakash MB, Raghavendrachar VG, Parulekar M, Gowda VK, Nampoothiri S, Menon RN, Pachat D, Udani V, Naik N, Kamate M, Devi ARR, Mohammed Kunju PA, Nair M, Hegde AU, Kumar MP, Sundaram S, Tilak P, Puri RD, Shah K, Sheth J, Hasan Q, Sheth F, Agrawal P, Katragadda S, Veeramachaneni V, Chandru V, Hariharan R, Mannan AU. Multi-gene testing in neurological disorders showed an improved diagnostic yield: data from over 1000 Indian patients. J Neurol 2019; 266:1919-1926. [PMID: 31069529 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-019-09358-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurological disorders are clinically heterogeneous group of disorders and are major causes of disability and death. Several of these disorders are caused due to genetic aberration. A precise and confirmatory diagnosis in the patients in a timely manner is essential for appropriate therapeutic and management strategies. Due to the complexity of the clinical presentations across various neurological disorders, arriving at an accurate diagnosis remains a challenge. METHODS We sequenced 1012 unrelated patients from India with suspected neurological disorders, using TruSight One panel. Genetic variations were identified using the Strand NGS software and interpreted using the StrandOmics platform. RESULTS We were able to detect mutations in 197 genes in 405 (40%) cases and 178 mutations were novel. The highest diagnostic rate was observed among patients with muscular dystrophy (64%) followed by leukodystrophy and ataxia (43%, each). In our cohort, 26% of the patients who received definitive diagnosis were primarily referred with complex neurological phenotypes with no suggestive diagnosis. In terms of mutations types, 62.8% were truncating and in addition, 13.4% were structural variants, which are also likely to cause loss of function. CONCLUSION In our study, we observed an improved performance of multi-gene panel testing, with an overall diagnostic yield of 40%. Furthermore, we show that NGS (next-generation sequencing)-based testing is comprehensive and can detect all types of variants including structural variants. It can be considered as a single-platform genetic test for neurological disorders that can provide a swift and definitive diagnosis in a cost-effective manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aparna Ganapathy
- Strand Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Strand Life Sciences, Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore, 560024, India
| | - Avshesh Mishra
- Strand Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Strand Life Sciences, Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore, 560024, India
| | - Megha Rani Soni
- Strand Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Strand Life Sciences, Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore, 560024, India
| | - Priyanka Kumar
- Strand Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Strand Life Sciences, Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore, 560024, India
| | - Mukunth Sadagopan
- Strand Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Strand Life Sciences, Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore, 560024, India
| | - Anil Vittal Kanthi
- Strand Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Strand Life Sciences, Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore, 560024, India
| | - Irene Rosetta Pia Patric
- Strand Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Strand Life Sciences, Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore, 560024, India
| | - Sobha George
- Strand Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Strand Life Sciences, Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore, 560024, India
| | - Aparajit Sridharan
- Strand Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Strand Life Sciences, Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore, 560024, India
| | - T C Thyagarajan
- Strand Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Strand Life Sciences, Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore, 560024, India
| | - S L Aswathy
- Strand Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Strand Life Sciences, Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore, 560024, India
| | - H K Vidya
- Strand Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Strand Life Sciences, Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore, 560024, India
| | - Swathi M Chinnappa
- Strand Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Strand Life Sciences, Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore, 560024, India
| | - Swetha Nayanala
- Strand Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Strand Life Sciences, Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore, 560024, India
| | - Manasa B Prakash
- Strand Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Strand Life Sciences, Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore, 560024, India
| | - Vijayashree G Raghavendrachar
- Strand Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Strand Life Sciences, Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore, 560024, India
| | - Minothi Parulekar
- Strand Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Strand Life Sciences, Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore, 560024, India
| | | | | | - Ramshekhar N Menon
- Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | | | - Vrajesh Udani
- P. D. Hinduja Hospital and Medical Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Neeta Naik
- EN1 Neuro Services Pvt. Ltd., Mumbai, India
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Soumya Sundaram
- Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - Preetha Tilak
- St. Johns Medical College Hospital, Bangalore, India
| | | | - Krati Shah
- ONE-Centre for Rheumatology and Genetics, Vadodara, India
| | - Jayesh Sheth
- FRIGE'S Institute of Human Genetics, Ahmedabad, India
| | | | - Frenny Sheth
- FRIGE'S Institute of Human Genetics, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Pooja Agrawal
- Strand Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Strand Life Sciences, Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore, 560024, India
| | - Shanmukh Katragadda
- Strand Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Strand Life Sciences, Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore, 560024, India
| | - Vamsi Veeramachaneni
- Strand Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Strand Life Sciences, Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore, 560024, India
| | - Vijay Chandru
- Strand Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Strand Life Sciences, Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore, 560024, India.,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Ramesh Hariharan
- Strand Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Strand Life Sciences, Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore, 560024, India.,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Ashraf U Mannan
- Strand Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Strand Life Sciences, Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore, 560024, India.
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Sheth J, Patel A, Shah R, Bhavsar R, Trivedi S, Sheth F. Rare cause of Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis due to mutation in PRF1 and SH2D1A genes in two children - a case report with a review. BMC Pediatr 2019; 19:73. [PMID: 30849948 PMCID: PMC6407181 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-019-1444-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare, complex, life-threatening hyper-inflammatory condition due to over activation of lymphocytes mediated secretory cytokines in the body. It occurs as a primary HLH due to genetic defect that mostly occurs in the childhood and associated with early neonatal death. Secondary HLH is triggered by secondary to infection and can occur at any age. Case presentation The current report presents two cases of HLH. Case 1, three-months-old boy born to second degree consanguineous parents was clinically suspected with HLH. A pathogenic variant in exon 2 of PRF1 gene [c.386G > C (p.Trp129Ser); FLH-type2] was detected. The parents and the fetus under investigation were shown to be heterozygous carriers, while Case-1 was homozygous for the said variant. Case 2, a one and half-year old male child referred for work-up was born to non-consanguineous young parents. His HLH suspicion was in accordance with HLH-2004 Revised diagnostic guidelines (fulfilling 5/8 criteria). Molecular study revealed hemizygous likely pathogenic variant c.138-3C > G in intron 1 of SH2D1A gene. Both the mother and younger sister were confirmed to be the carrier of the same variant. Conclusion This study has represented two rare cases of HLH carrying missense variant in PRF1 and splice site variant in SH2D1A gene. Detailed molecular analysis has helped the families with precise genetic counselling and prenatal diagnosis during subsequent pregnancy. It is advocated that male patients presenting with EBV-associated HLH may be screened for XLP that may lead to early diagnosis and therapeutic implication if any. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12887-019-1444-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayesh Sheth
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380015, India.
| | - Akash Patel
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380015, India
| | - Raju Shah
- Ankur Institute of Child Health, Behind City Gold Cinema, Ashram Road, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380009, India
| | - Riddhi Bhavsar
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380015, India
| | - Sunil Trivedi
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380015, India
| | - Frenny Sheth
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380015, India
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14
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Sheth J, Bhavsar R, Mistri M, Pancholi D, Bavdekar A, Dalal A, Ranganath P, Girisha KM, Shukla A, Phadke S, Puri R, Panigrahi I, Kaur A, Muranjan M, Goyal M, Ramadevi R, Shah R, Nampoothiri S, Danda S, Datar C, Kapoor S, Bhatwadekar S, Sheth F. Gaucher disease: single gene molecular characterization of one-hundred Indian patients reveals novel variants and the most prevalent mutation. BMC Med Genet 2019; 20:31. [PMID: 30764785 PMCID: PMC6376752 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-019-0759-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background Gaucher disease is a rare pan-ethnic, lysosomal storage disorder resulting due to beta-Glucosidase (GBA1) gene defect. This leads to the glucocerebrosidase enzyme deficiency and an increased accumulation of undegraded glycolipid glucocerebroside inside the cells’ lysosomes. To date, nearly 460 mutations have been described in the GBA1 gene. With the aim to determine mutations spectrum and molecular pathology of Gaucher disease in India, the present study investigated one hundred unrelated patients (age range: 1 day to 31 years) having splenomegaly, with or without hepatomegaly, cytopenia and bone abnormality in some of the patients. Methods The biochemical investigation for the plasma chitotriosidase enzyme activity and β-Glucosidase enzyme activity confirmed the Gaucher disease. The mutations were identified by screening the patients’ whole GBA gene coding region using bidirectional Sanger sequencing. Results The biochemical analysis revealed a significant reduction in the β-Glucosidase activity in all patients. Sanger sequencing established 71 patients with homozygous mutation and 22 patients with compound heterozygous mutation in GBA1 gene. Lack of identification of mutations in three patients suggests the possibility of either large deletion/duplication or deep intronic variations in the GBA1 gene. In four cases, where the proband died due to confirmed Gaucher disease, the parents were found to be a carrier. Overall, the study identified 33 mutations in 100 patients that also covers four missense mutations (p.Ser136Leu, p.Leu279Val, p.Gly383Asp, p.Gly399Arg) not previously reported in Gaucher disease patients. The mutation p.Leu483Pro was identified as the most commonly occurring Gaucher disease mutation in the study (62% patients). The second common mutations identified were p.Arg535Cys (7% patients) and RecNcil (7% patients). Another complex mutation Complex C was identified in a compound heterozygous status (3% patients). The homology modeling of the novel mutations suggested the destabilization of the GBA protein structure due to conformational changes. Conclusions The study reports four novel and 29 known mutations identified in the GBA1 gene in one-hundred Gaucher patients. The given study establishes p.Leu483Pro as the most prevalent mutation in the Indian patients with type 1 Gaucher disease that provide new insight into the molecular basis of Gaucher Disease in India. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12881-019-0759-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayesh Sheth
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380015, India.
| | - Riddhi Bhavsar
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380015, India
| | - Mehul Mistri
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380015, India
| | - Dhairya Pancholi
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380015, India
| | | | - Ashwin Dalal
- Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics, Hyderabad, 500039, India
| | - Prajnya Ranganath
- Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics, Hyderabad, 500039, India
| | - Katta M Girisha
- Kasturba Medical College, Tiger Cir Rd, Madhav Nagar, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Anju Shukla
- Kasturba Medical College, Tiger Cir Rd, Madhav Nagar, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Shubha Phadke
- Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, 226014, India
| | - Ratna Puri
- Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, 110060, India
| | - Inusha Panigrahi
- The Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Anupriya Kaur
- The Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | | | - Manisha Goyal
- J.K. Lone Mother and Child Hospital, Jaipur, 302004, India
| | | | - Raju Shah
- Ankur Institute of Child Health, Ahmedabad, 380009, India
| | - Sheela Nampoothiri
- Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences & Research Centre, Cochin, 682041, India
| | - Sumita Danda
- Christian Medical College & Hospital, Vellore, 632004, India
| | - Chaitanya Datar
- Sahyadri Medical Genetics & Tissue Engineering Facility, Pune, 411038, India
| | - Seema Kapoor
- Maulana Azad medical College and Associated Loknayak Hospital, New Delhi, 110002, India
| | | | - Frenny Sheth
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380015, India
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15
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Sheth J, Mistri M, Bhavsar R, Pancholi D, Kamate M, Gupta N, Kabra M, Mehta S, Nampoothiri S, Thakker A, Jain V, Shah R, Sheth F. Batten disease: biochemical and molecular characterization revealing novel PPT1 and TPP1 gene mutations in Indian patients. BMC Neurol 2018; 18:203. [PMID: 30541466 PMCID: PMC6292089 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-018-1206-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses type I and type II (NCL1 and NCL2) also known as Batten disease are the commonly observed neurodegenerative lysosomal storage disorder caused by mutations in the PPT1 and TPP1 genes respectively. Till date, nearly 76 mutations in PPT1 and approximately 140 mutations, including large deletion/duplications, in TPP1 genes have been reported in the literature. The present study includes 34 unrelated Indian patients (12 females and 22 males) having epilepsy, visual impairment, cerebral atrophy, and cerebellar atrophy. Methods The biochemical investigation involved measuring the palmitoyl protein thioesterase 1 and tripeptidy peptidase l enzyme activity from the leukocytes. Based on the biochemical analysis all patients were screened for variations in either PPT1 gene or TPP1 gene using bidirectional Sanger sequencing. In cases where Sanger sequencing results was uninformative Multiplex Ligation-dependent Probe Amplification technique was employed. The online tools performed the protein homology modeling and orthologous conservation of the novel variants. Results Out of 34 patients analyzed, the biochemical assay confirmed 12 patients with NCL1 and 22 patients with NCL2. Molecular analysis of PPT1 gene in NCL1 patients revealed three known mutations (p.Val181Met, p.Asn110Ser, and p.Trp186Ter) and four novel variants (p.Glu178Asnfs*13, p.Pro238Leu, p.Cys45Arg, and p.Val236Gly). In the case of NCL2 patients, the TPP1 gene analysis identified seven known mutations and eight novel variants. Overall these 15 variants comprised seven missense variants (p.Met345Leu, p.Arg339Trp, p.Arg339Gln, p.Arg206Cys, p.Asn286Ser, p.Arg152Ser, p.Tyr459Ser), four frameshift variants (p.Ser62Argfs*19, p.Ser153Profs*19, p.Phe230Serfs*28, p.Ile484Aspfs*7), three nonsense variants (p.Phe516*, p.Arg208*, p.Tyr157*) and one intronic variant (g.2023_2024insT). No large deletion/duplication was identified in three NCL1 patients where Sanger sequencing study was normal. Conclusion The given study reports 34 patients with Batten disease. In addition, the study contributes four novel variants to the spectrum of PPT1 gene mutations and eight novel variants to the TPP1 gene mutation data. The novel pathogenic variant p.Pro238Leu occurred most commonly in the NCL1 cohort while the occurrence of a known pathogenic mutation p.Arg206Cys dominated in the NCL2 cohort. This study provides an insight into the molecular pathology of NCL1 and NCL2 disease for Indian origin patients. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12883-018-1206-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayesh Sheth
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380015, India.
| | - Mehul Mistri
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380015, India
| | - Riddhi Bhavsar
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380015, India
| | - Dhairya Pancholi
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380015, India
| | - Mahesh Kamate
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, KLES Prabhakar Kore Hospital, Belgaum, Karnataka, 590010, India
| | - Neerja Gupta
- Division of Genetics (Pediatrics), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Madhulika Kabra
- Division of Genetics (Pediatrics), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Sanjiv Mehta
- Usha-Deep Children Neurology and Epilepsy clinic, Ahmedabad, 380014, India
| | - Sheela Nampoothiri
- Department of Pediatric Genetics, Amrita Institute of Medical Science and Research Centre, Kochi, Kerala, 682041, India
| | - Arpita Thakker
- Department of Neurology, Lokmanya Tilak Medical College, Sion Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400022, India
| | - Vivek Jain
- Department of Neurology, Santokba Durlabhji Hospital, Jaipur, 302015, Rajasthan, India
| | - Raju Shah
- Ankur Neonatal Nursery, Ahmedabad, 380009, Gujarat, India
| | - Frenny Sheth
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380015, India
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Sheth F, Liehr T, Shah V, Shah H, Tewari S, Solanki D, Trivedi S, Sheth J. A child with intellectual disability and dysmorphism due to complex ring chromosome 6: identification of molecular mechanism with review of literature. Ital J Pediatr 2018; 44:114. [PMID: 30305128 PMCID: PMC6180451 DOI: 10.1186/s13052-018-0571-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ring chromosome 6 (r(6)) is a rare disorder that mainly occurs as a ‘de novo’ event. Nonetheless, a wide phenotypic spectrum has been reported in r(6) cases, depending on breakpoints, size of involved region, copy number alterations and mosaicism of cells with r(6) and/or monosomy 6 due to loss of r(6). Case presentation An 11-year-old male was referred with developmental delay, intellectual disability and microcephaly. Physical examination revealed additionally short stature and multiple facial dysmorphisms. Banding cytogenetic studies revealed a karyotype of mos 46,XY,r(6)(p25.3q27)[54]/45,XY,-6[13]/46,XY,r(6)(::p25.3→q27::p25.3→q27::)[13]/46,XY[6]/47,XY,r(6)(p25.3q27)×2[2]dn. Additionally, molecular karyotyping and molecular cytogenetics confirmed the breakpoints and characterized a 1.3 Mb contiguous duplication at 6p25.3. Conclusion The present study has accurately identified copy number alterations caused by ring chromosome formation. A review of the literature suggests that hemizygous expression of TBP gene in 6q27~qter, is likely to be the underlying cause of the phenotype. The phenotypic correlation and clinical severity in r(6) cases continue to remain widely diverse in spite of numerous reports of genomic variations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frenny Sheth
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, Ahmedabad, 380009, India.
| | - Thomas Liehr
- University Clinic Jena, Institute of Human Genetics, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany
| | - Viraj Shah
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, Ahmedabad, 380009, India
| | - Hillary Shah
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, Ahmedabad, 380009, India
| | - Stuti Tewari
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, Ahmedabad, 380009, India
| | - Dhaval Solanki
- Mantra Child Neurology & Epilepsy Hospital, 3rd floor, Oarnate complex, Kalubha road, Kalanala, Bhavanagar, 364001, India
| | - Sunil Trivedi
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, Ahmedabad, 380009, India
| | - Jayesh Sheth
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, Ahmedabad, 380009, India
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17
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Sheth J, Pancholi D, Mistri M, Nath P, Ankleshwaria C, Bhavsar R, Puri R, Phadke S, Sheth F. Biochemical and molecular characterization of adult patients with type I Gaucher disease and carrier frequency analysis of Leu444Pro - a common Gaucher disease mutation in India. BMC Med Genet 2018; 19:178. [PMID: 30285649 PMCID: PMC6167838 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-018-0687-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Background Gaucher disease is a rare pan-ethnic disorder which occurs due to an increased accumulation of undegraded glycolipid glucocerebroside inside the cells’ lysosomes. A beta-Glucosidase (GBA) gene defect results in glucocerebrosidase enzyme deficiency. Though the disease is mainly diagnosed in childhood, the adult manifestation is often missed or identified late due to the failure to recognize the heterogeneous clinical presentation. The present study includes seven unrelated Indian adult patients (age range: 20–40 years) having splenomegaly, with or without hepatomegaly, cytopenia and bone abnormality. Methods The biochemical investigation implicated measuring plasma chitotriosidase enzyme activity followed by confirmatory test of β-Glucosidase enzyme activity from the leukocytes. The molecular characterization involved patients’ initial screening for the common Gaucher mutation (Leu444Pro). Later, all patients were subjected to whole GBA gene coding region study using bidirectional Sanger sequencing. The population screening for common Gaucher disease mutation (Leu444Pro) was executed in 1200 unrelated and healthy Indian subjects by Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism-Polymerase Chain Reaction technique. The allele frequency was calculated using Hardy-Weinberg formula. Results The biochemical analysis revealed a significant reduction in the β-Glucosidase activity in all the patients. Also, an elevated level of plasma Chitotriosidase activity in five patients supported their diagnosis of Gaucher disease. Sanger sequencing established four patients with homozygous variation and three patients with compound heterozygous variation in GBA gene. This study uncovers two missense variants (Ala448Thr and Val17Gly) not previously reported in Gaucher disease patients. Also the known mutations like Leu444Pro, Arg329Cys, Asp315Asn, Ser125Arg, and Arg395Cys were identified in these patients. The homology modeling suggested the destabilization of the protein structure due to novel variants. The Leu444Pro mutation screening in the Indian population spotted two people as a carrier. This emerged the carrier frequency of 1:600 along with wild-type allele frequency 0.97113 and mutant allele frequency 0.02887. Conclusions The study reports novel and known variants identified in the GBA gene in seven adult patients. The given study is the first report on the carrier frequency of the Leu444Pro mutant allele in an Indian population which will help understanding the burden and susceptibility of Gaucher disease to affect next generation in India. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12881-018-0687-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayesh Sheth
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380015, India.
| | - Dhairya Pancholi
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380015, India
| | - Mehul Mistri
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380015, India
| | - Payal Nath
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380015, India
| | - Chitra Ankleshwaria
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380015, India
| | - Riddhi Bhavsar
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380015, India
| | - Ratna Puri
- Center of Medical Genetics, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Rajinder Nagar, New Delhi, 110060, India
| | - Shubha Phadke
- Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Science, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226014, India
| | - Frenny Sheth
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380015, India
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Sheth J, Mistri M, Mahadevan L, Mehta S, Solanki D, Kamate M, Sheth F. Identification of deletion-duplication in HEXA gene in five children with Tay-Sachs disease from India. BMC Med Genet 2018; 19:109. [PMID: 29973161 PMCID: PMC6032535 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-018-0632-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tay-Sachs disease (TSD) is a sphingolipid storage disorder caused by mutations in the HEXA gene. To date, nearly 170 mutations of HEXA have been described, including only one 7.6 kb large deletion. METHODS Multiplex Ligation-dependent Probe Amplification (MLPA) study was carried out in 5 unrelated patients for copy number changes where heterozygous and/or homozygous disease causing mutation/s could not be identified in the coding region by sequencing of HEXA gene. RESULTS The study has identified the presence of a homozygous deletion of exon-2 and exon-3 in two patients, two patient showed compound heterozygosity with exon 1 deletion combined with missense mutation p.E462V and one patient was identified with duplication of exon-1 with novel variants c.1527-2A > T as a second allele. CONCLUSION This is the first report of deletion/duplication in HEXA gene providing a new insight into the molecular basis of TSD and use of MLPA assay for detecting large copy number changes in the HEXA gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayesh Sheth
- Biochemical and Molecular Genetics, FRIGE’s Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Satellite, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 380 015 India
| | - Mehul Mistri
- Biochemical and Molecular Genetics, FRIGE’s Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Satellite, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 380 015 India
| | | | | | - Dhaval Solanki
- Mantra Child Neurology & Epilepsy Clinic, Bhavnagar, Gujarat India
| | - Mahesh Kamate
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, KLES Prabhakar Kore Hospital, Belgaum, Karnataka India
| | - Frenny Sheth
- Biochemical and Molecular Genetics, FRIGE’s Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Satellite, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 380 015 India
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Sheth J, Bhavsar R, Gandhi A, Sheth F, Pancholi D. A case of Raine syndrome presenting with facial dysmorphy and review of literature. BMC Med Genet 2018; 19:76. [PMID: 29751744 PMCID: PMC5948820 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-018-0593-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Background Raine syndrome (RS) – an extremely rare autosomal recessive genetic disorder, is caused by a biallelic mutation in the FAM20C gene. Some of the most common clinical features include generalized osteosclerosis with a periosteal bone formation, dysmorphic face, and thoracic hypoplasia. Many cases have also been reported with oro-dental abnormalities, and developmental delay. Most of the cases result in neonatal death. However, a few non-lethal RS cases have been reported where patients survive till adulthood and exhibits a heterogeneous clinical phenotype. Clinical diagnosis of RS has been done through facial appearance and radiological findings, while confirmatory diagnosis has been conducted through a molecular study of the FAM20C gene. Case presentation A 6-year-old girl was born to healthy third degree consanguineous parents. She presented with facial dysmorphy, delayed speech, and delayed cognition. Radiography showed small sclerotic areas in the lower part of the right femur, and an abnormally-shaped skull with minimal sclerosis in the lower occipital region. Computer tomography scan of the brain revealed mild cortical atrophy, and MRI scan of the brain showed corpus callosal dysgenesis with the absence of the rostral area. Chromosome banding at 500 band resolution showed a normal female karyotype. No quantitative genomic imbalance was detected by aCGH. Further study conducted using Clinical Exome Sequencing identified a homozygous missense variation c.1228 T > A (p.Ser410Thr) in the exon 6 of FAM20C gene – a likely pathogenic variant that confirmed the clinical diagnosis of RS. The variant was confirmed in the proband and her parents using Sanger sequencing. Prenatal diagnosis during subsequent pregnancy revealed heterozygous status of the fetus, and a normal carrier child was delivered at term. Conclusions The syndrome revealed markedly variable presentations such as facial dysmorphy and developmental delay, and was localized to diffuse bone osteosclerosis. Clinical indications, striking radiological findings and molecular testing of FAM20C gene confirmed the diagnosis of RS. A rarity of the disorder and inconsistent phenotype hindered the establishment of genotype-phenotype correlations in RS. Therefore, reporting more cases and conducting further research would be crucial in defining the variable radiologic and molecular defects of the lethal and non-lethal forms of this syndrome. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12881-018-0593-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayesh Sheth
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, Ahmedabad, 380015, India.
| | - Riddhi Bhavsar
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, Ahmedabad, 380015, India
| | - Ajit Gandhi
- Unique Hospital, Main Road, South Kasba, Solapur, 413007, India
| | - Frenny Sheth
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, Ahmedabad, 380015, India
| | - Dhairya Pancholi
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, Ahmedabad, 380015, India
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Tewari S, Lubna N, Shah R, Al-Rikabi ABH, Shah K, Sheth J, Sheth F. Molecular characterization and evaluation of complex rearrangements in a case of ring chromosome 15. Mol Cytogenet 2017; 10:38. [PMID: 29090019 PMCID: PMC5657133 DOI: 10.1186/s13039-017-0339-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ring chromosome 15 is a rare genetic entity. Only a few cases have been reported with characterization using molecular techniques. The clinical presentation is quite variable, as a result of differences in the breakpoints, haploinsufficiency of genes involved in deleted segment/s, level of mosaicism and ring instability resulting in a variability of rearrangement of genetic material. Case presentation The proband, a 2 months old boy, presented with small head size and facial dysmorphism. On examination microcephaly, triangular face, small anterior frontanelle, micrognathia, hypotonia, unilateral simian crease, hypertelorism, umbilical hernia, micropenis with mild phimosis were noted. Karyotype revealed 46,XY,r(15)(p11.2q26). Array-comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) and targeted gene sequencing for microcephaly was carried out for genotype phenotype correlation. Array-CGH detected a 2.8 Mb terminal deletion at 15q26.3 along with a 496 kb interstitial micro-duplication, encompassing the IGF1R gene, in the affected genomic region, which was otherwise missed on conventional karyotype. Conclusion The present study highlights the importance of aCGH in not only delineating specific phenotypes through accurate genotypic correlation but also in detection and evaluation of ring chromosome with unexpected complex rearrangements. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13039-017-0339-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuti Tewari
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, Ahmedabad, 380009 India
| | - Naznin Lubna
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, Ahmedabad, 380009 India
| | - Raju Shah
- Ankur Institute of Child Health, Ashram Road, Ahmedabad, 380009 India
| | | | - Krati Shah
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, Ahmedabad, 380009 India
| | - Jayesh Sheth
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, Ahmedabad, 380009 India
| | - Frenny Sheth
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, Ahmedabad, 380009 India
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21
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Sheth F, Pani J, Desai M, Sheth J. Single Cell Abnormality in Couples with Bad Obstetric History and Repeated Fetal Loss: Occurrence and Clinical Outcome. INT J HUM GENET 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/09723757.2011.11886150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Frenny Sheth
- Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, Ahmedabad 380 015. Gujrat, India
| | - Jhumur Pani
- Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, Ahmedabad 380 015. Gujrat, India
| | - Manisha Desai
- Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, Ahmedabad 380 015. Gujrat, India
| | - Jayesh Sheth
- Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, Ahmedabad 380 015. Gujrat, India
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Sheth J, Ranjan G, Shah K, Bhavsar R, Sheth F. NovelLINS1missense mutation in a family with non-syndromic intellectual disability. Am J Med Genet A 2017; 173:1041-1046. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.38089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jayesh Sheth
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics; Ahmedabad Gujarat India
| | - Gyan Ranjan
- Department of Genetic Engineering; SRM University; Kattankulathur Tamil Nadu India
| | - Krati Shah
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics; Ahmedabad Gujarat India
| | - Riddhi Bhavsar
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics; Ahmedabad Gujarat India
| | - Frenny Sheth
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics; Ahmedabad Gujarat India
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23
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Sheth J, Joseph JJ, Shah K, Muranjan M, Mistri M, Sheth F. Pulmonary manifestations in Niemann-Pick type C disease with mutations in NPC2 gene: case report and review of literature. BMC Med Genet 2017; 18:5. [PMID: 28095804 PMCID: PMC5240394 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-017-0367-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Background Niemann-Pick disease type C (NPC) is an inherited metabolic disorder; due to defect in cellular cholesterol trafficking. It is clinically a heterogeneous disease with variable age of onset with multiple organ systems being involved. NPC1 gene is involved in 95% cases where as remaining ~5% cases are linked with NPC2 gene. Case presentation Case-1, a 14-months-old female presented with recurrent respiratory distress, failure to thrive and hepatosplenomegaly. Lung biopsy was suggestive of alveolar proteinosis and liver biopsy confirmed foamy macrophages. Molecular analysis revealed homozygous mutation c.141C > A in exon 2 of NPC2 gene. Case-2, a 3-year-old male presented with dyspnoea and hepatomegaly noticed at 1 year of age. HRCT-scan of thoracic region showed consolidation with mediastinal lymphadenopathy. Broncho-alveolar lavage revealed moderate amount of foamy macrophages and bone marrow examination detected foam cells. Homozygous T > C transition in intron 1 of the NPC2 gene was identified. Conclusion Our study demonstrates that NPC2 can present in early years of life with pulmonary complications like alveolar proteinosis and hepatosplenomegaly or hepatomegaly due to mutation in NPC2 gene. An early suspicion will help clinicians to clinch its diagnosis, management and genetic counselling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayesh Sheth
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, Ahmedabad, 380 015, India.
| | - Jijo John Joseph
- Department of Pediatrics, Believers Church Medical College Hospital, Tiruvalla, Kerala, 689 101, India
| | - Krati Shah
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, Ahmedabad, 380 015, India
| | - Mamta Muranjan
- Department of Paediatrics, KEM Hospital, Parel, Mumbai, 400 012, India
| | - Mehul Mistri
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, Ahmedabad, 380 015, India
| | - Frenny Sheth
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, Ahmedabad, 380 015, India
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Sheth J, Mistri M, Shah K, Chaudhary M, Godbole K, Sheth F. Lysosomal Storage Disorders in Nonimmune Hydrops Fetalis (NIHF): An Indian Experience. JIMD Rep 2016; 35:47-52. [PMID: 27928775 DOI: 10.1007/8904_2016_24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Revised: 10/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Lysosomal storage disorders (LSD) are rare inherited neurovisceral inborn errors of metabolism which may present as nonimmune hydrops fetalis (NIHF) during pregnancy. Although causes of NIHF are highly diverse, LSDs are one of the underlying causes of NIHF. The aim of this study was to elucidate most frequent causes of LSDs presenting as NIHF in Indian population. Several fetal tissues were investigated for enzymatic diagnosis of LSDs using modified fluorometric assays in the current prospective study carried out at our national tertiary center from 2006 through 2016. Other general causes of NIHF were ruled out. Twenty-one percent (7/33) of cases were confirmed to have LSDs. Two patients were diagnosed with Hurler syndrome; two had Sly syndrome and one each of Niemann-Pick disease type A/B, Gaucher's disease, and mucolipidosis. Four of eleven cases (36%) with recurrent NIHF were found to have LSDs. In spite of extreme rarity of LSDs, they should be considered as a potential cause of NIHF, especially with recurrent NIHF. Specific investigations of LSD leading to definitive diagnosis may aid the clinician in providing accurate genetic counseling and prenatal diagnosis to the patients and help in subsequent pregnancies to the families. Furthermore, early intervention and management with enzyme replacement therapy may be planned for the lysosomal storage disorders where available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayesh Sheth
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, Ahmedabad, 380 015, India.
| | - Mehul Mistri
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, Ahmedabad, 380 015, India
| | - Krati Shah
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, Ahmedabad, 380 015, India
| | - Mayank Chaudhary
- Department of Fetal Medicine, May Flower Hospital, Ahmedabad, 380 009, Gujarat, India
| | - Koumudi Godbole
- Department of Genetics, Deenanath Mangeshkar Hospital, Pune, India
| | - Frenny Sheth
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, Ahmedabad, 380 015, India
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Sheth J, Datar C, Mistri M, Bhavsar R, Sheth F, Shah K. GM2 gangliosidosis AB variant: novel mutation from India - a case report with a review. BMC Pediatr 2016; 16:88. [PMID: 27402091 PMCID: PMC4939586 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-016-0626-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background GM2 gangliosidosis-AB variants a rare autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder occurring due to deficiency of GM2 activator protein resulting from the mutation in GM2A gene. Only seven mutations in nine cases have been reported from different population except India. Case presentation Present case is a one year old male born to 3rd degree consanguineous Indian parents from Maharashtra. He was presented with global developmental delay, hypotonia and sensitive to hyperacusis. Horizontal nystagmus and cherry red spot was detected during ophthalmic examination. MRI of brain revealed putaminal hyperintensity and thalamic hypointensity with some unmyelinated white matter in T2/T1 weighted images. Initially he was suspected having Tay-Sachs disease and finally diagnosed as GM2 gangliosidosis, AB variant due to truncated protein caused by nonsense mutation c.472 G > T (p.E158X) in GM2Agene. Conclusion Children with phenotypic presentation as GM2 gangliosidosis (Tay-Sachs or Sandhoff disease) and normal enzyme activity of β-hexosaminidase-A and -B in leucocytes need to be investigated for GM2 activator protein deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayesh Sheth
- Department of Biochemical and Molecular Genetics, FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, Ahmedabad, 380015, Gujarat, India.
| | - Chaitanya Datar
- Sahyadari Medical Genetics and Tissue engineering facility (SMGTEF), Pune, 411005, India
| | - Mehul Mistri
- Department of Biochemical and Molecular Genetics, FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, Ahmedabad, 380015, Gujarat, India
| | - Riddhi Bhavsar
- Department of Biochemical and Molecular Genetics, FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, Ahmedabad, 380015, Gujarat, India
| | - Frenny Sheth
- Department of Biochemical and Molecular Genetics, FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, Ahmedabad, 380015, Gujarat, India
| | - Krati Shah
- Department of Biochemical and Molecular Genetics, FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, Ahmedabad, 380015, Gujarat, India
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Thuresson AC, Van Buggenhout G, Sheth F, Kamate M, Andrieux J, Clayton Smith J, Soussi Zander C. Whole gene duplication of SCN2A and SCN3A is associated with neonatal seizures and a normal intellectual development. Clin Genet 2016; 91:106-110. [PMID: 27153334 DOI: 10.1111/cge.12797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Revised: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Duplications at 2q24.3 encompassing the voltage-gated sodium channel gene cluster are associated with early onset epilepsy. All cases described in the literature have presented in addition with different degrees of intellectual disability, and have involved neighbouring genes in addition to the sodium channel gene cluster. Here, we report eight new cases with overlapping duplications at 2q24 ranging from 0.05 to 7.63 Mb in size. Taken together with the previously reported cases, our study suggests that having an extra copy of SCN2A has an effect on epilepsy pathogenesis, causing benign familial infantile seizures which eventually disappear at the age of 1-2 years. However, the number of copies of SCN2A does not appear to have an effect on cognitive outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- A-C Thuresson
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck and Science for Life laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - G Van Buggenhout
- Center for Human Genetics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - F Sheth
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, Ahmedabad, India
| | - M Kamate
- Department of Pediatric Neurology and Child Development Centre, KLES Prabhakar Kore Hospital, Belgaum, India
| | - J Andrieux
- Laboratoire de Génétique Médicale, Hopital Jeanne de Flandre, CHRU de Lille, Lille, France
| | - J Clayton Smith
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester, UK.,Institute of Human Development, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - C Soussi Zander
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck and Science for Life laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Affiliation(s)
- H Sheth
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, International Centre for Life, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - J Sheth
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Ahmedabad, India
| | - F Sheth
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Ahmedabad, India
| | - J Burn
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, International Centre for Life, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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Sheth J, Mistri M, Bhavsar R, Sheth F, Kamate M, Shah H, Datar C. Lysosomal storage disorders in Indian children with neuroregression attending a genetic center. Indian Pediatr 2015; 52:1029-33. [DOI: 10.1007/s13312-015-0768-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Ankleshwaria C, Mistri M, Bavdekar A, Muranjan M, Dave U, Tamhankar P, Khanna V, Jasinge E, Nampoothiri S, Edayankara Kadangot S, Sheth F, Gupta S, Sheth J. Novel mutations in the glucocerebrosidase gene of Indian patients with Gaucher disease. J Hum Genet 2015; 60:285. [PMID: 26008600 DOI: 10.1038/jhg.2015.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Sheth J, Mistri M, Bhavsar R, Patel H, Sheth F. Novel mutation in the XPC gene: a case report of a patient with xeroderma pigmentosum. Int J Dermatol 2015; 54:e487-91. [PMID: 26227012 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.13022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Revised: 03/02/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jayesh Sheth
- Department of Biochemical and Molecular Genetics, FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Satellite, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Mehul Mistri
- Department of Biochemical and Molecular Genetics, FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Satellite, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Riddhi Bhavsar
- Department of Biochemical and Molecular Genetics, FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Satellite, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Harsh Patel
- Department of Biochemical and Molecular Genetics, FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Satellite, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Frenny Sheth
- Department of Biochemical and Molecular Genetics, FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Satellite, Ahmedabad, India
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Sheth F, Liehr T, Shah K, Sheth J. Prader-Willi syndrome - type 1 deletion, a consequence of an unbalanced translocation of chromosomes 13 and 15, easily to be mixed up with a Robertsonian translocation. Mol Cytogenet 2015. [PMID: 26203302 PMCID: PMC4510909 DOI: 10.1186/s13039-015-0163-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Prader-Willi syndrome, due to microdeletion of proximal 15q, is a well-known cause of syndromic obesity. Case characteristics A couple with history of repeated first trimester abortions had a son with balanced Robertsonian translocation of chromosomes 13 and 15 according to cytogenetic banding technique. Results Chromosomal analysis for the couple was performed. A balanced translocation involving BP1-BP3 region of proximal 15q was observed in the father. Discussion Investigations of the parents is mandatory when a structural rearrangement is detected in a dysmorphic child.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frenny Sheth
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, Ahmedabad, 380015 India
| | - Thomas Liehr
- Jena University Hospital, Institute of Human Genetics, Kollegiengasse 10, D-07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Krati Shah
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, Ahmedabad, 380015 India
| | - Jayesh Sheth
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, Ahmedabad, 380015 India
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Sheth J, Shah A, Sheth F, Trivedi S, Nabar N, Shah N, Thakor P, Vaidya R. The association of dyslipidemia and obesity with glycated hemoglobin. Clin Diabetes Endocrinol 2015; 1:6. [PMID: 28702225 PMCID: PMC5469195 DOI: 10.1186/s40842-015-0004-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2015] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Dyslipidemia and obesity are the most common complex metabolic disorders taking the highest toll of health resources globally by its increasing incidences. This consequently leads to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular disorders (CVDs) with variable reports about the role of metabolic factors on glycemic control. The current study is designed to determine the association of dyslipidemia and obesity with glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in T2DM and non-diabetic subjects. Methods The present study was carried out in 931 subjects from urban Western India including 430 diabetic and 501 non-diabetic subjects with detailed anthropometric parameters. All subjects were investigated for HbA1c and lipid parameters like TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C and non-HDL-C. Results Dyslipidemia, central- and peripheral- obesity were observed (50.27 %; 75 % and 59.83 %) in all the study subjects respectively. Additionally, hyper-non-HDL-C was detected in 23.49 % and 22.56 % in T2DM and non-diabetic subjects. Significant linear associations of hyper-TC, hyper-LDL-C and hyper-non-HDL-C were observed with HbA1c in T2DM and non-diabetic control subjects respectively. Centrally- and peripherally- obese dyslipidemic subjects also showed a significant association with HbA1c in T2DM and control subjects respectively. Conclusion This study demonstrates the high prevalence of dyslipidemia and obesity in all subjects irrespective of their disease status in a Western Indian population. The dyslipidemic obese subjects had significant linear association with HbA1c in T2DM subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayesh Sheth
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House,, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, Ahmedabad, 380015 India
| | - Ankna Shah
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House,, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, Ahmedabad, 380015 India
| | - Frenny Sheth
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House,, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, Ahmedabad, 380015 India
| | - Sunil Trivedi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House,, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, Ahmedabad, 380015 India
| | - Nutan Nabar
- Unit of Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders, Kasturba Health Society, Medical Research Centre, Mumbai, 400056 India
| | - Navneet Shah
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Sterling Hospital, Ahmedabad, 380052 India
| | - Premal Thakor
- Gujarat Diabetic Association, Ahmedabad, 380007 India
| | - Rama Vaidya
- Unit of Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders, Kasturba Health Society, Medical Research Centre, Mumbai, 400056 India
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Sheth F, Rahman M, Liehr T, Desai M, Patel B, Modi C, Trivedi S, Sheth J. Prenatal screening of cytogenetic anomalies - a Western Indian experience. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2015; 15:90. [PMID: 25884925 PMCID: PMC4396805 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-015-0519-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2014] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Children born with congenital anomalies present a very high rate of perinatal death and neonatal mortality. Cytogenetic analysis is a convincing investigation along with clinical suspicion and biochemical screening tests. The current study was designed to characterize the prevalence and types of chromosomal abnormalities in high risk prenatal samples using different cytogenetic techniques. Methods This study was conducted on a total of 1,728 prenatal samples (1,324 amniotic fluids, 366 chorionic villi and 38 cord blood samples) from 1994 to 2014 at Institute of Human Genetics, Ahmedabad, India. Conventional karyotyping was conducted with GTG-banding. Molecular approaches were used (fluorescence in situ hybridization = FISH and/ or array-comparative genomic hybridization = aCGH) when indicated to detect karyotypic abnormalities. Results Abnormal karyotypes were detected in 125/1,728 (7.2%) cases. Trisomy 21 was the most common abnormality detected in 46 (2.7%) followed by trisomy 18 in 11 (0.6%) and trisomy 13 in 2 (0.1%) samples. Besides, structural abnormalities such as reciprocal and Robertsonian translocation were detected in 20 [1.2%] cases. Turner syndrome was diagnosed in seven (0.4%) cases; in six (0.34%) cases there was an inversion in the Y-chromosome. Heteromorphic variants were diagnosed in 22 (1.3%) cases. Finally, small supernumerary marker chromosomes (sSMC) were found in six (0.34%) cases. Conclusion Conventional GTG-banding along with molecular cytogenetic techniques is useful in detecting genomic alterations and rearrangements. Comprehensive characterization of chromosomal rearrangements like sSMC has the potential to save potentially healthy fetuses from being terminated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frenny Sheth
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Satellite, Jodhpur Gam Road, 380015, Ahmedabad, India.
| | - Mizanur Rahman
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Satellite, Jodhpur Gam Road, 380015, Ahmedabad, India.
| | - Thomas Liehr
- Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Kollegiengasse 10, D-07743, Jena, Germany.
| | - Manisha Desai
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Satellite, Jodhpur Gam Road, 380015, Ahmedabad, India.
| | - Bhumika Patel
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Satellite, Jodhpur Gam Road, 380015, Ahmedabad, India.
| | - Chirag Modi
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Satellite, Jodhpur Gam Road, 380015, Ahmedabad, India.
| | - Sunil Trivedi
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Satellite, Jodhpur Gam Road, 380015, Ahmedabad, India.
| | - Jayesh Sheth
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Satellite, Jodhpur Gam Road, 380015, Ahmedabad, India.
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Abstract
‘Pure’ interstitial duplication of chr6q is rare. The varying size of duplication encompassing 6q22.31 is associated with the expressivity of dysmorphism and autism. Here, we report a unique case with facial dysmorphism, developmental delay, complex neurological impairment and spasticity unrelated to autism. Genetic analysis by aCGH exhibited a 627–971 kb dup(6)(q22.31q22.31) encompassing TRDN and NKAIN2 genes. The presence of the duplication was confirmed by quantitative PCR in the proband and phenotypically normal parents. With the current techniques, we cannot exclude presence of a deleterious homozygous point mutation in the proband where each copy would have been inherited from both parents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frenny Sheth
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, Ahmedabad, 380015, India.
| | - Sunil Trivedi
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, Ahmedabad, 380015, India.
| | - Joris Andrieux
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Jeanne de Flandre Hospital, CHRU, 59000, Lille, France.
| | - Jean-Louis Blouin
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics, Genetic Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, CH-1211, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Jayesh Sheth
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, Ahmedabad, 380015, India.
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Sheth J, Mistri M, Datar C, Kalane U, Patil S, Kamate M, Shah H, Nampoothiri S, Gupta S, Sheth F. Expanding the spectrum of HEXA mutations in Indian patients with Tay-Sachs disease. Mol Genet Metab Rep 2014; 1:425-430. [PMID: 27896118 PMCID: PMC5121347 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgmr.2014.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2014] [Revised: 09/11/2014] [Accepted: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Tay-Sachs disease is an autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder occurring due to impaired activity of β-hexosaminidase-A (EC 3.2.1.52), resulting from the mutation in HEXA gene. Very little is known about the molecular pathology of TSD in Indian children except for a few mutations identified by us. The present study is aimed to determine additional mutations leading to Tay-Sachs disease in nine patients confirmed by the deficiency of β-hexosaminidase-A (< 2% of total hexosaminidase activity for infantile patients) in leucocytes. The enzyme activity was assessed by using substrates 4-methylumbelliferyl-N-acetyl-β-d-glucosamine and 4-methylumbelliferyl-N-acetyl-β-d-glucosamine-6-sulfate for total-hexosaminidase and hexosaminidase-A respectively, and heat inactivation method for carrier detection. The exons and exon-intron boundaries of the HEXA gene were bi-directionally sequenced on an automated sequencer. 'In silico' analyses for novel mutations were carried out using SIFT, Polyphen2 and MutationT@ster software programs. The structural study was carried out by UCSF Chimera software using the crystallographic structure of β-hexosaminidase-A (PDB-ID: 2GJX) as the template. Our study identified four novel mutations in three cases. These include a compound heterozygous missense mutation c.524A>C (D175A) and c.805G>C (p.G269R) in one case; and one small 1 bp deletion c.426delT (p.F142LfsX57) and one splice site mutation c.459+4A>C in the other two cases respectively. None of these mutations were detected in 100 chromosomes from healthy individuals of the same ethnic group. Three previously reported missense mutations, (i) c.532C>T (p.R178C), (ii) c.964G>T (p.D322Y), and (iii) c.1385A>T (p.E462V); two nonsense mutations (i) c.709C>T (p.Q237X) and (ii) c.1528C>T (p.R510X), one 4 bp insertion c.1277_1278insTATC (p.Y427IfsX5) and one splice site mutation c.459+5G>A were also identified in six cases. We observe from this study that novel mutations are more frequently observed in Indian patients with Tay-Sachs disease with clustering of ~ 73% of disease causing mutations in exons 5 to 12. This database can be used for a carrier rate screening in the larger population of the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayesh Sheth
- Department of Biochemical and Molecular Genetics, FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Satellite, Ahmedabad 380015, India
| | - Mehul Mistri
- Department of Biochemical and Molecular Genetics, FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Satellite, Ahmedabad 380015, India
| | - Chaitanya Datar
- Department of Genetics, Clinical Geneticist, Sahyadri Medical Genetics and Tissue Engineering Facility (SMGTEF), Pune, India
| | - Umesh Kalane
- Department of Genetics, Clinical Geneticist, Sahyadri Medical Genetics and Tissue Engineering Facility (SMGTEF), Pune, India
| | - Shekhar Patil
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Hiranandani Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Mahesh Kamate
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, KLES Prabhakar Kore Hospital, Belgaum, Karnataka, India
| | - Harshuti Shah
- Rajvee Child Neuro Hospital, Memnagar, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Sheela Nampoothiri
- Department of Pediatric Genetics, Amrita Institute of Medical Science & Research Centre, AIMS Ponekkara PO, Cochin, Kerala, India
| | - Sarita Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, M.S. University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
| | - Frenny Sheth
- Department of Biochemical and Molecular Genetics, FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Satellite, Ahmedabad 380015, India
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Ankleshwaria C, Mistri M, Bavdekar A, Muranjan M, Dave U, Tamhankar P, Khanna V, Jasinge E, Nampoothiri S, Edayankara Kadangot S, Sheth F, Gupta S, Sheth J. Novel mutations in the glucocerebrosidase gene of Indian patients with Gaucher disease. J Hum Genet 2014; 59:223-8. [DOI: 10.1038/jhg.2014.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2013] [Revised: 01/01/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Sheth H, Northwood E, Elliott F, Jackson M, Koref MS, Tyson J, Daly A, O'Halloran J, Sheth J, Sheth F, Parikh K, Bishop DT, Burn J. Point of care testing for improving risk- benefit ratio of aspirin and warfarin. Mol Cytogenet 2014; 7:I54. [PMID: 24949102 PMCID: PMC4044298 DOI: 10.1186/1755-8166-7-s1-i54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Harsh Sheth
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Emma Northwood
- Leeds Institute of Molecular Medicine, St. James Hospital, Beckett Street, Leeds, UK
| | - Faye Elliott
- Leeds Institute of Molecular Medicine, St. James Hospital, Beckett Street, Leeds, UK
| | - Michael Jackson
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Mauro Santibanez Koref
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - John Tyson
- QuantuMDx Ltd., International Centre for Life, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Ann Daly
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | | | - Jayesh Sheth
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Satellite, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Frenny Sheth
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Satellite, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Keyur Parikh
- CIMS Hospital, Nr. Shakun Mall, Sola, Ahmedabad, India
| | - D Timothy Bishop
- Leeds Institute of Molecular Medicine, St. James Hospital, Beckett Street, Leeds, UK
| | - John Burn
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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Sheth J, Mistri M, Sheth F, Gupta S. Prenatal diagnosis of Tay-Sachs disease: our institutional experience. Mol Cytogenet 2014. [PMCID: PMC4044110 DOI: 10.1186/1755-8166-7-s1-p124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jayesh Sheth
- FRIGE’s Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam road, Satellite, Ahmedabad-380015, Gujarat, India
| | - Mehul Mistri
- FRIGE’s Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam road, Satellite, Ahmedabad-380015, Gujarat, India
| | - Frenny Sheth
- FRIGE’s Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam road, Satellite, Ahmedabad-380015, Gujarat, India
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Ankleshwaria C, Sheth J, Mistri M, Bavdekar A, Nampoothiri S, Gupta S, Sheth F. Identification of novel mutations in glucocerebrosidase (GBA) gene in Indian patients with gaucher disease (GD). Mol Cytogenet 2014. [PMCID: PMC4043325 DOI: 10.1186/1755-8166-7-s1-p52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Mistri M, Patel H, Tanna T, Ankleshwaria C, Sheth F, Sheth J. Prenatal diagnosis of autosomal recessive osteopetrosis: a case report. Mol Cytogenet 2014. [PMCID: PMC4045694 DOI: 10.1186/1755-8166-7-s1-p125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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42
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Shah A, Sheth F, Majumder A, Doshi B, Shah N, Thakor P, Vaidya R, Sheth J. Effect of PPAR-γ2 gene Pro12Ala and ADR-β3 gene Trp64AArg polymorphism on glucose homeostasis in Type 2 diabetes subjects from Western India. Mol Cytogenet 2014. [PMCID: PMC4044355 DOI: 10.1186/1755-8166-7-s1-p101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Sheth F. Detection and Inheritance Pattern of Copy Number Variations (CNVs) in Children with Multiple Congenital Anomalies. Mol Cytogenet 2014; 7:I35. [PMID: 24940372 PMCID: PMC4043831 DOI: 10.1186/1755-8166-7-s1-i35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Patel H, Mistri M, Ankleshwaria C, Sheth F, Sheth J. Frequency analysis of Spinocerebellar ataxia types 1, 2, 3 & 6 in patients with ataxia from Gujarat. Mol Cytogenet 2014. [PMCID: PMC4044453 DOI: 10.1186/1755-8166-7-s1-p64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Majumder A, Doshi B, Sheth F, Patel M, Shah N, Premal T, Vaidya R, Sheth J. Association of Vitamin D3 levels with glycemic control in Type 2 diabetes subjects from Gujarati population-India. Mol Cytogenet 2014. [PMCID: PMC4042507 DOI: 10.1186/1755-8166-7-s1-p36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Desai M, Patel B, Datar C, Pandit A, Ghambhir P, Nayak D, Sheth J, Sheth F. Partial deletion of distal long arm encompassing Jacobsen Syndrome. Mol Cytogenet 2014. [PMCID: PMC4043417 DOI: 10.1186/1755-8166-7-s1-p47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Majumder A, Sheth F, Patel M, Doshi B, Shah N, Thankor P, Vaidya R, Sheth J. Effect of PPAR-γ2 Gene Pro12Ala polymorphism (Rs1801282) and Vitamin D3 on glucose homeostasis in Type 2 diabetic subjects from Gujarat-India. Mol Cytogenet 2014. [PMCID: PMC4043407 DOI: 10.1186/1755-8166-7-s1-p37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Patel B, Liehr T, Desai M, Parikh B, Sheth J, Sheth F. Characterization of prenatally detected small Supernumerary Marker Chromosomes (sSMC) by molecular cytogenetic technique: FISH. Mol Cytogenet 2014. [PMCID: PMC4044222 DOI: 10.1186/1755-8166-7-s1-p55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Mistri M, Datar C, Sheth F, Gupta S, Sheth J. Identification of novel mutations in HEXA gene in children affected with Tay-Sachs disease from India. Mol Cytogenet 2014. [PMCID: PMC4044406 DOI: 10.1186/1755-8166-7-s1-p53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Sheth F, Datar C, Godbole K, Andrieux J, Desai M, Patel B, Sheth J. Diagnostic utility of array-based Comparative Genomic Hybridization in a clinical setting. Mol Cytogenet 2014. [PMCID: PMC4042293 DOI: 10.1186/1755-8166-7-s1-p2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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