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Ruan W, Zhou X, Liu H, Wang T, Zhang G, Lin K. Causal role of circulating inflammatory cytokines in cardiac diseases, structure and function. Heart Lung 2024; 67:70-79. [PMID: 38714139 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrtlng.2024.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation is implicated in cardiovascular disease (CVD) pathogenesis, but causal roles of specific circulating inflammatory cytokines remain unclear. Mendelian randomization (MR) studies are well-poised to provide etiological insights beyond constraints of conventional research. METHODS We conducted a large-scale MR study to investigate potential causal relationships of 91 inflammatory proteins with CVD outcomes and cardiac remodeling using summary-level genetic data. Outcomes included coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction, stroke, atrial fibrillation, heart failure, abdominal aortic aneurysm, deep vein thrombosis of lower extremities, pulmonary embolism, cardiac structure and functional parameters. Inverse-variance weighted analysis was undertaken as the primary analysis, with several sensitivity analyses applied. RESULTS Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) demonstrated a causal relationship with increased susceptibility to both any stroke (OR 1.111; 95 % CI 1.044 - 1.183; P = 9.50e-04) and ischemic stroke (OR 1.121; 95 % CI 1.047 - 1.200; P = 1.04e-03). Programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) was negatively associated with atrial fibrillation risk (OR 0.936, 95 % CI 0.901 - 0.973; P = 7.69e-04). CCL20, CDCP1, Flt3L and IL-10RA were identified as causal coronary artery disease risk factors, while LIF and ST1A1 had protective effects. IL-4 and LIF-R demonstrated causal links with right heart functional changes. CONCLUSIONS Our MR study nominates specific circulating inflammatory cytokines as potential targets for CVD treatment and prevention. Further research into mechanisms and clinical translation are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqiang Ruan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, #37 Guoxue Alley, Wuhou District, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610041, PR China
| | - Xiaoqin Zhou
- Research Center of Clinical Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China; Center of Biostatistics, Design, Measurement and Evaluation (CBDME), Department of Clinical Research Management, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Huizhen Liu
- Center of Biostatistics, Design, Measurement and Evaluation (CBDME), Department of Clinical Research Management, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Ting Wang
- Center of Biostatistics, Design, Measurement and Evaluation (CBDME), Department of Clinical Research Management, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Guiying Zhang
- Research Center of Clinical Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Ke Lin
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, #37 Guoxue Alley, Wuhou District, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610041, PR China.
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Elchaninov A, Vishnyakova P, Kuznetsova M, Lokhonina A, Soboleva A, Trofimov D, Fatkhudinov T, Sukhikh G. Mimicking the cellular environment does not cause monocyte-derived macrophages to become phenotypically similar to Kupffer cells. Immunol Cell Biol 2024; 102:381-395. [PMID: 38629182 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Resident macrophages of various mammalian organs are characterized by several distinctive features in their gene expression profile and phenotype, including involvement in the regulation of organ functions, as well as reduced sensitivity to proinflammatory activation factors. The reasons for the formation of such a specific phenotype remain the subject of intensive research. Some papers emphasize the role of the origin of organ macrophages. Other studies indicate that monocytes that develop in the red bone marrow are also able to form resident macrophages with a phenotype characteristic of a particular organ, but this requires appropriate microenvironmental conditions. In this article, we studied the possibility of differentiation of monocyte-derived macrophages into cells with a Kupffer-like phenotype under the influence of the main stromal components of Kupffer cells macrophage niche: Ito cells, liver sinusoid endotheliocytes and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF). It was found that Kupffer cells are characterized by several features, including increased expression of transcription factors Spic and Id3, as well as MUP family genes, Clusterin and Ngp genes. In addition, Kupffer cells were characterized by a higher proliferative activity. The expression of marker genes of Kupffer cells (i.e. Id3, Spic, Marco and Timd4) increased in monocyte-derived macrophages during coculture with Ito cells, liver sinusoid endothelial cells, macrophage colony-stimulating factor and HGF cells only by 3 days. However, the expression level of these genes was always higher in Kupffer cells. In addition, a complete coincidence of the expressed gene profile in monocyte-derived macrophages and Kupffer cells did not occur even after 3 days of culturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey Elchaninov
- Laboratory of Growth and Development, Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of FSBI, Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery, Moscow, Russia
- Histology Department, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Polina Vishnyakova
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Translational Medicine, National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I. Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
- Histology Department, Medical Institute, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria Kuznetsova
- Laboratory of molecular research methods, Institute of Reproductive Genetics, National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I. Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anastasiya Lokhonina
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Translational Medicine, National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I. Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
- Histology Department, Medical Institute, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna Soboleva
- Laboratory of Growth and Development, Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of FSBI, Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery, Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry Trofimov
- Laboratory of molecular research methods, Institute of Reproductive Genetics, National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I. Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Timur Fatkhudinov
- Laboratory of Growth and Development, Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of FSBI, Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery, Moscow, Russia
- Histology Department, Medical Institute, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Gennady Sukhikh
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Translational Medicine, National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I. Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
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Gong J, Ding G, Hao Z, Li Y, Deng A, Zhang C. Elucidating the mechanism of corneal epithelial cell repair: unraveling the impact of growth factors. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1384500. [PMID: 38638937 PMCID: PMC11024251 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1384500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The repair mechanism for corneal epithelial cell injuries encompasses migration, proliferation, and differentiation of corneal epithelial cells, and extracellular matrix remodeling of the stromal structural integrity. Furthermore, it involves the consequential impact of corneal limbal stem cells (LSCs). In recent years, as our comprehension of the mediating mechanisms underlying corneal epithelial injury repair has advanced, it has become increasingly apparent that growth factors play a pivotal role in this intricate process. These growth factors actively contribute to the restoration of corneal epithelial injuries by orchestrating responses and facilitating specific interactions at targeted sites. This article systematically summarizes the role of growth factors in corneal epithelial cell injury repair by searching relevant literature in recent years, and explores the limitations of current literature search, providing a certain scientific basis for subsequent basic research and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjin Gong
- School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jinan Second People’s Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Gang Ding
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jinan Second People’s Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Zhongkai Hao
- School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jinan Second People’s Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Yuchun Li
- Wuxi No. 2 Chinese Medicine Hospital, Wuxi, China
| | - Aijun Deng
- School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Chenming Zhang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jinan Second People’s Hospital, Jinan, China
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4
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Gantier M, Rispal R, Fourrier A, Ménoret S, Delbos F, Anegon I, Nguyen TH. Cryopreserved cGMP-compliant human pluripotent stem cell-derived hepatic progenitors rescue mice from acute liver failure through rapid paracrine effects on liver cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 15:71. [PMID: 38475825 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-024-03673-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liver transplantation remains the only curative treatment for end-stage liver diseases. Unfortunately, there is a drastic organ donor shortage. Hepatocyte transplantation emerged as a viable alternative to liver transplantation. Considering their unique expansion capabilities and their potency to be driven toward a chosen cell fate, pluripotent stem cells are extensively studied as an unlimited cell source of hepatocytes for cell therapy. It has been previously shown that freshly prepared hepatocyte-like cells can cure mice from acute and chronic liver failure and restore liver function. METHODS Human PSC-derived immature hepatic progenitors (GStemHep) were generated using a new protocol with current good manufacturing practice compliant conditions from PSC amplification and hepatic differentiation to cell cryopreservation. The therapeutic potential of these cryopreserved cells was assessed in two clinically relevant models of acute liver failure, and the mode of action was studied by several analytical methods, including unbiased proteomic analyses. RESULTS GStemHep cells present an immature hepatic phenotype (alpha-fetoprotein positive, albumin negative), secrete hepatocyte growth factor and do not express major histocompatibility complex. A single dose of thawed GStemHep rescue mice from sudden death caused by acetaminophen and thioacetamide-induced acute liver failure, both in immunodeficient and immunocompetent animals in the absence of immunosuppression. Therapeutic biological effects were observed as soon as 3 h post-cell transplantation with a reduction in serum transaminases and in liver necrosis. The swiftness of the therapeutic effect suggests a paracrine mechanism of action of GStemHep leading to a rapid reduction of inflammation as well as a rapid cytoprotective effect with as a result a proteome reprograming of the host hepatocytes. The mode of action of GStemHep relie on the alleviation of inhibitory factors of liver regeneration, an increase in proliferation-promoting factors and a decrease in liver inflammation. CONCLUSIONS We generated cryopreserved and current good manufacturing practice-compliant human pluripotent stem cell-derived immature hepatic progenitors that were highly effective in treating acute liver failure through rapid paracrine effects reprogramming endogenous hepatocytes. This is also the first report highlighting that human allogeneic cells could be used as cryopreserved cells and in the absence of immunosuppression for human PSC-based regenerative medicine for acute liver failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malika Gantier
- GoLiver Therapeutics, 44007, Nantes, France.
- Nantes Université, Inserm, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, 44000, Nantes, France.
| | - Raphaël Rispal
- Nantes Université, Inserm, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, 44000, Nantes, France
| | | | - Séverine Ménoret
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Inserm, CNRS, SFR Santé, Inserm UMS 016 CNRS UMS 3556, 44000, Nantes, France
| | | | - Ignacio Anegon
- Nantes Université, Inserm, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, 44000, Nantes, France
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Insua A, Galindo-Moreno P, Miron RJ, Wang HL, Monje A. Emerging factors affecting peri-implant bone metabolism. Periodontol 2000 2024; 94:27-78. [PMID: 37904311 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
Implant dentistry has evolved to the point that standard implant osseointegration is predictable. This is attributed in part to the advancements in material sciences that have led toward improvements in implant surface technology and characteristics. Nonetheless, there remain several cases where implant therapy fails (specifically at early time points), most commonly attributed to factors affecting bone metabolism. Among these patients, smokers are known to have impaired bone metabolism and thus be subject to higher risks of early implant failure and/or late complications related to the stability of the peri-implant bone and mucosal tissues. Notably, however, emerging data have unveiled other critical factors affecting osseointegration, namely, those related to the metabolism of bone tissues. The aim of this review is to shed light on the effects of implant-related factors, like implant surface or titanium particle release; surgical-related factors, like osseodensification or implanted biomaterials; various drugs, like selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, proton pump inhibitors, anti-hypertensives, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medication, and statins, and host-related factors, like smoking, diet, and metabolic syndrome on bone metabolism, and aseptic peri-implant bone loss. Despite the infectious nature of peri-implant biological complications, these factors must be surveyed for the effective prevention and management of peri-implantitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel Insua
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Pablo Galindo-Moreno
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Oral Surgery and Implant Dentistry, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Richard J Miron
- Department of Periodontology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Hom-Lay Wang
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Alberto Monje
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Periodontology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Periodontology, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
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6
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Chalenko YM, Slonova DA, Kechko OI, Kalinin EV, Mitkevich VA, Ermolaeva SA. Natural Isoforms of Listeria monocytogenes Virulence Factor Inlb Differ in c-Met Binding Efficiency and Differently Affect Uptake and Survival Listeria in Macrophage. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087256. [PMID: 37108418 PMCID: PMC10139187 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes virulence factor InlB specifically interacts with the receptors c-Met and gC1q-R. Both receptors are present in non-professional and professional phagocytes, including macrophages. Phylogenetically defined InlB isoforms differently support invasion into non-professional phagocytes. This work deals with the effects of InlB isoforms on L. monocytogenes uptake and intracellular proliferation in human macrophages. Three isoforms of the receptor binding domain (idInlB) were derived from phylogenetically distinct L. monocytogenes strains belonging to the highly virulent CC1 (idInlBCC1), medium-virulence CC7 (idInlBCC7), and low-virulence CC9 (idInlBCC9) clonal complexes. The constant dissociation increased in the order idInlBCC1 << idInlBCC7 < idInlBCC9 for interactions with c-Met, and idInlBCC1 ≈ idInlBCC7 < idInlBCC9 for interactions with gC1q-R. The comparison of uptake and intracellular proliferation of isogenic recombinant strains which expressed full-length InlBs revealed that the strain expressing idInlBCC1 proliferated in macrophages twice as efficiently as other strains. Macrophage pretreatment with idInlBCC1 followed by recombinant L. monocytogenes infection disturbed macrophage functions decreasing pathogen uptake and improving its intracellular multiplication. Similar pretreatment with idInlBCC7 decreased bacterial uptake but also impaired intracellular multiplication. The obtained results demonstrated that InlB impaired macrophage functions in an idInlB isoform-dependent manner. These data suggest a novel InlB function in L. monocytogenes virulence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaroslava M Chalenko
- Laboratory of Ecology of Pathogenic Bacteria, Gamaleya Research Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology, 123098 Moscow, Russia
| | - Daria A Slonova
- Laboratory of Metagenome Analysis, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, 121205 Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga I Kechko
- Laboratory of Conformational Polymorphism of Proteins in Health and Disease, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Egor V Kalinin
- Laboratory of Ecology of Pathogenic Bacteria, Gamaleya Research Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology, 123098 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir A Mitkevich
- Laboratory of Conformational Polymorphism of Proteins in Health and Disease, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Svetlana A Ermolaeva
- Laboratory of Ecology of Pathogenic Bacteria, Gamaleya Research Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology, 123098 Moscow, Russia
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Khuu S, Fernandez JW, Handsfield GG. Delayed skeletal muscle repair following inflammatory damage in simulated agent-based models of muscle regeneration. PLoS Comput Biol 2023; 19:e1011042. [PMID: 37023170 PMCID: PMC10128985 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Healthy skeletal muscle undergoes repair in response to mechanically localised strains during activities such as exercise. The ability of cells to transduce the external stimuli into a cascade of cell signalling responses is important to the process of muscle repair and regeneration. In chronic myopathies such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy and inflammatory myopathies, muscle is often subject to chronic necrosis and inflammation that perturbs tissue homeostasis and leads to non-localised, widespread damage across the tissue. Here we present an agent-based model that simulates muscle repair in response to both localised eccentric contractions similar to what would be experienced during exercise, and non-localised widespread inflammatory damage that is present in chronic disease. Computational modelling of muscle repair allows for in silico exploration of phenomena related to muscle disease. In our model, widespread inflammation led to delayed clearance of tissue damage, and delayed repair for recovery of initial fibril counts at all damage levels. Macrophage recruitment was delayed and significantly higher in widespread compared to localised damage. At higher damage percentages of 10%, widespread damage led to impaired muscle regeneration and changes in muscle geometry that represented alterations commonly observed in chronic myopathies, such as fibrosis. This computational work offers insight into the progression and aetiology of inflammatory muscle diseases, and suggests a focus on the muscle regeneration cascade in understanding the progression of muscle damage in inflammatory myopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Khuu
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Justin W Fernandez
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Engineering Science, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Geoffrey G Handsfield
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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8
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Dhakal B, Li CMY, Ramezanpour M, Houtak G, Li R, Bouras G, Collela A, Chegeni N, Chataway TK, Drew P, Sallustio BC, Vreugde S, Smith E, Maddern G, Licari G, Fenix K. Proteomic characterisation of perhexiline treatment on THP-1 M1 macrophage differentiation. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1054588. [PMID: 36993962 PMCID: PMC10040681 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1054588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundDysregulated inflammation is important in the pathogenesis of many diseases including cancer, allergy, and autoimmunity. Macrophage activation and polarisation are commonly involved in the initiation, maintenance and resolution of inflammation. Perhexiline (PHX), an antianginal drug, has been suggested to modulate macrophage function, but the molecular effects of PHX on macrophages are unknown. In this study we investigated the effect of PHX treatment on macrophage activation and polarization and reveal the underlying proteomic changes induced.MethodsWe used an established protocol to differentiate human THP-1 monocytes into M1 or M2 macrophages involving three distinct, sequential stages (priming, rest, and differentiation). We examined the effect of PHX treatment at each stage on the polarization into either M1 or M2 macrophages using flow cytometry, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Quantitative changes in the proteome were investigated using data independent acquisition mass spectrometry (DIA MS).ResultsPHX treatment promoted M1 macrophage polarization, including increased STAT1 and CCL2 expression and IL-1β secretion. This effect occurred when PHX was added at the differentiation stage of the M1 cultures. Proteomic profiling of PHX treated M1 cultures identified changes in metabolic (fatty acid metabolism, cholesterol homeostasis and oxidative phosphorylation) and immune signalling (Receptor Tyrosine Kinase, Rho GTPase and interferon) pathways.ConclusionThis is the first study to report on the action of PHX on THP-1 macrophage polarization and the associated changes in the proteome of these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bimala Dhakal
- Discipline of Surgery, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- The Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Celine Man Ying Li
- Discipline of Surgery, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- The Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Mahnaz Ramezanpour
- Discipline of Surgery, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- The Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Department of Surgery-Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Central Adelaide Local Health Network, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Ghais Houtak
- Discipline of Surgery, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- The Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Department of Surgery-Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Central Adelaide Local Health Network, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Runhao Li
- Discipline of Surgery, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- The Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Medical Oncology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - George Bouras
- Discipline of Surgery, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- The Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Department of Surgery-Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Central Adelaide Local Health Network, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Alex Collela
- Flinders Omics Facility, Department of Human Physiology, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Nusha Chegeni
- Flinders Omics Facility, Department of Human Physiology, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Tim Kennion Chataway
- Flinders Omics Facility, Department of Human Physiology, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Paul Drew
- Discipline of Surgery, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- The Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Benedetta C. Sallustio
- The Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Discipline of Pharmacology, School of Biomedicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Sarah Vreugde
- Discipline of Surgery, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- The Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Department of Surgery-Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Central Adelaide Local Health Network, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Eric Smith
- Discipline of Surgery, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- The Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Medical Oncology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Guy Maddern
- Discipline of Surgery, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- The Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Giovanni Licari
- The Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Discipline of Pharmacology, School of Biomedicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Kevin Fenix
- Discipline of Surgery, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- The Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Department of Surgery-Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Central Adelaide Local Health Network, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- *Correspondence: Kevin Fenix,
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9
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Guo X, Liu C, Zhang Y, Bi L. Effect of super activated platelet lysate on cell proliferation, repair and osteogenesis. Biomed Mater Eng 2023; 34:95-109. [PMID: 36120761 DOI: 10.3233/bme-221426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Platelet lysate (PL) is considered as an alternative to fetal bovine serum (FBS) and facilitates the proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal cells. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to explore whether super activated platelet lysate (sPL), a novel autologous platelet lysate, has the ability to inhibit inflammation and promote cell proliferation, repair and osteogenesis as a culture medium. METHODS Different concentrations of sPL on human fetal osteoblastic 1.19 cell line (hFOB1.19) proliferation and apoptotic repair were investigated; And detected proliferative capacity, inflammatory factor expressions and osteogenic differentiation of human dental pulp cells (hDPCs) stimulated by LPS under 10% FBS and 5% sPL mediums. RESULTS sPL promoted hFOB1.19 proliferation and had repairing effects on apoptotic cells. No significant difference in proliferation and IL-1α, IL-6 and TNF-α expressions of hDPCs in FBS and sPL medium stimulated by LPS. hDPCs in sPL osteogenic medium had higher osteogenic-related factor expressions and ALP activity. LPS promoted osteogenic-related factor expressions and ALP activity of hDPCs in FBS osteogenic medium, but opposite effect showed in sPL medium. CONCLUSION sPL promoted osteoblast proliferation and had restorative effects. Under LPS stimulation, sPL did not promote hDPCs proliferation or inhibit inflammation. sPL promotes osteogenic differentiation of hDPCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaorui Guo
- Department of Stomatology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chunxiang Liu
- National and Local Joint Stem Cell Research, Engineering Center for Aging Diseases, Tian Qing Stem Cell Co., Ltd., Harbin, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- National and Local Joint Stem Cell Research, Engineering Center for Aging Diseases, Tian Qing Stem Cell Co., Ltd., Harbin, China
| | - Liangjia Bi
- Department of Stomatology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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10
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Met/HGFR triggers detrimental reactive microglia in TBI. Cell Rep 2022; 41:111867. [PMID: 36577378 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The complexity of signaling events and cellular responses unfolding in neuronal, glial, and immune cells upon traumatic brain injury (TBI) constitutes an obstacle in elucidating pathophysiological links and targets for intervention. We use array phosphoproteomics in a murine mild blunt TBI to reconstruct the temporal dynamics of tyrosine-kinase signaling in TBI and then scrutinize the large-scale effects of perturbation of Met/HGFR, VEGFR1, and Btk signaling by small molecules. We show Met/HGFR as a selective modifier of early microglial response and that Met/HGFR blockade prevents the induction of microglial inflammatory mediators, of reactive microglia morphology, and TBI-associated responses in neurons and vasculature. Both acute and prolonged Met/HGFR inhibition ameliorate neuronal survival and motor recovery. Early elevation of HGF itself in the cerebrospinal fluid of TBI patients suggests that this mechanism has translational value in human subjects. Our findings identify Met/HGFR as a modulator of early neuroinflammation in TBI with promising translational potential.
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Fiestas Solórzano VE, de Lima RC, de Azeredo EL. The Role of Growth Factors in the Pathogenesis of Dengue: A Scoping Review. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11101179. [PMID: 36297236 PMCID: PMC9608673 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11101179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Growth factors (GFs) have a role in tissue repair and in the modulation of the expression of inflammatory cells in damage caused by pathogens. This study aims to systematize the evidence on the role of GFs in the pathogenesis of dengue. This scoping review considered all published peer-reviewed studies in the MEDLINE and Embase databases. Ultimately, 58 studies that analyzed GFs in dengue patients, published between 1998 and 2021, were included. DENV-2 infection and secondary infection were more frequent in the patients studied. ELISA and multiplex immunoassay (Luminex) were the most used measurement techniques. Increased levels of vascular endothelial growth factor, granulocyte–macrophage colony-stimulating factor, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, transforming growth factor beta, and hepatocyte growth factor as well as reduced levels of platelet-derived growth factor and epidermal growth factor were observed in severe dengue in most studies. Vascular endothelial growth factor and hepatocyte growth factor were identified as biomarkers of severity. In addition, there is evidence that the dengue virus can use the growth factor pathway to facilitate its entry into the cell and promote its viral replication. The use of tyrosine kinase inhibitors is an alternative treatment for dengue that is being studied.
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12
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Suzuka T, Kotani T, Saito T, Matsuda S, Sato T, Takeuchi T. Therapeutic effects of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells with enhanced migration ability and hepatocyte growth factor secretion by low-molecular-weight heparin treatment in bleomycin-induced mouse models of systemic sclerosis. Arthritis Res Ther 2022; 24:228. [PMID: 36207753 PMCID: PMC9540693 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-022-02915-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) have gained attention as a new treatment for systemic sclerosis (SSc). Low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) enhances cell function and stimulates the production of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) in a variety of cells. This study investigated the effects of LMWH on the functions of mouse ASCs (mASCs), and the therapeutic effects of mASCs activated with LMWH (hep-mASCs) in mouse models of SSc. Methods The cellular functions of mASCs cultured with different concentrations of LMWH were determined. Mice were divided into four groups: bleomycin (BLM)-induced SSc (BLM-alone), BLM-induced SSc administered with mASCs (BLM-mASC), and BLM-induced SSc administered with mASCs activated with 10 or 100 μg/mL LMWH (BLM-hep-mASC); there were 9 mice per group (n = 9). Skin inflammation and fibrosis were evaluated using histological and biochemical examinations and gene expression levels. Results In vitro assays showed that migration ability and HGF production were significantly higher in hep-mASCs than in mASCs alone. The mRNA expression levels of cell migration factors were significantly upregulated in hep-mASCs compared to those in mASCs alone. The hep-mASCs accumulated in the skin tissues more than mASCs alone. The thickness of skin and hydroxyproline content in BLM-hep-mASC groups were significantly decreased, and the skin mRNA expression levels of interleukin-2, α-smooth muscle actin, transforming growth factor β1, collagen type 1 alpha 1, and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 2 were significantly downregulated compared to those in the BLM-alone group. Conclusions hep-mASCs showed higher anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic effects than mASCs alone and may be a promising candidate for SSc treatment. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13075-022-02915-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayasu Suzuka
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Daigaku-Machi 2-7, Takatsuki, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takuya Kotani
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Daigaku-Machi 2-7, Takatsuki, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Takashi Saito
- Department of Legal Medicine, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Daigaku-Machi 2-7, Takatsuki, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Shogo Matsuda
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Daigaku-Machi 2-7, Takatsuki, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takako Sato
- Department of Legal Medicine, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Daigaku-Machi 2-7, Takatsuki, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tohru Takeuchi
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Daigaku-Machi 2-7, Takatsuki, Osaka, Japan
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13
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Wang J, Liu B, Sun F, Xu Y, Luan H, Yang M, Wang C, Zhang T, Zhou Z, Yan H. Histamine H3R antagonist counteracts the impaired hippocampal neurogenesis in Lipopolysaccharide-induced neuroinflammation. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 110:109045. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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14
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Elchaninov A, Vishnyakova P, Menyailo E, Sukhikh G, Fatkhudinov T. An Eye on Kupffer Cells: Development, Phenotype and the Macrophage Niche. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179868. [PMID: 36077265 PMCID: PMC9456487 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are key participants in the maintenance of tissue homeostasis under normal and pathological conditions, and implement a rich diversity of functions. The largest population of resident tissue macrophages is found in the liver. Hepatic macrophages, termed Kupffer cells, are involved in the regulation of multiple liver functionalities. Specific differentiation profiles and functional activities of tissue macrophages have been attributed to the shaping role of the so-called tissue niche microenvironments. The fundamental macrophage niche concept was lately shaken by a flood of new data, leading to a revision and substantial update of the concept, which constitutes the main focus of this review. The macrophage community discusses contemporary evidence on the developmental origins of resident macrophages, notably Kupffer cells and the issues of heterogeneity of the hepatic macrophage populations, as well as the roles of proliferation, cell death and migration processes in the maintenance of macrophage populations of the liver. Special consideration is given to interactions of Kupffer cells with other local cell lineages, including Ito cells, sinusoidal endothelium and hepatocytes, which participate in the maintenance of their phenotypical and functional identity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey Elchaninov
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I. Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 117997 Moscow, Russia
- Histology Department, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 117997 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence:
| | - Polina Vishnyakova
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I. Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 117997 Moscow, Russia
- Histology Department, Medical Institute, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, 117198 Moscow, Russia
| | - Egor Menyailo
- Laboratory of Growth and Development, Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of FSBI “Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery”, 117418 Moscow, Russia
| | - Gennady Sukhikh
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I. Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Timur Fatkhudinov
- Histology Department, Medical Institute, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, 117198 Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory of Growth and Development, Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of FSBI “Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery”, 117418 Moscow, Russia
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15
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Rossi N, Lee KA, Bermudez MV, Visconti A, Thomas AM, Bolte LA, Björk JR, de Ruijter LK, Newton-Bishop J, Harland M, Shaw HM, Harries M, Sacco J, Board R, Lorigan P, de Vries EGE, Segata N, Taams L, Papa S, Spector TD, Nathan P, Weersma RK, Hospers GAP, Fehrmann RSN, Bataille V, Falchi M. Circulating inflammatory proteins associate with response to immune checkpoint inhibition therapy in patients with advanced melanoma. EBioMedicine 2022; 83:104235. [PMID: 36007304 PMCID: PMC9421308 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation can modulate tumour growth and progression, and influence clinical response to treatment. We investigated the potential of circulating inflammatory proteins for response stratification of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy for advanced melanoma. METHODS Study subjects were 87 patients with unresectable stage III or IV cutaneous melanoma from the multiple centres across the United Kingdom (UK) and the Netherlands (NL) who received ipilimumab, nivolumab, or pembrolizumab, or a combination of ipilimumab and nivolumab. Serum samples were collected before and during ICI therapy at follow-up visits scheduled every third week over a 12-week period. We performed targeted quantification of 92 proteins involved in inflammation and tested for association of their pre-treatment and on-treatment levels, as well as longitudinal changes, with overall response rate, progression-free survival, and overall survival. FINDINGS We observed consistently higher pre-treatment levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), and monocyte chemotactic protein 2 (MCP-2), in non-responders compared to responders (meta-analysis p=3.31 × 10-4, 2.29 × 10-4, and 1.02 × 10-3, respectively). Patients' stratification according to the median value of IL-6, HGF, and MCP-2 highlighted a cumulative negative effect of pre-treatment levels of the three proteins on response (p=1.13 × 10-2), with overall response rate among patients presenting with combined elevated IL-6, HGF, and MCP-2 levels being three-fold lower (26.7%) compared to patients with none of the three proteins elevated (80.0%, p=9.22 × 10-3). Longitudinal data analysis showed that on-treatment changes in circulating inflammatory proteins are not correlated with response. INTERPRETATION Our findings are in line with an increasing body of evidence that the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6 can influence response to ICI in advanced melanoma, and further support a role of circulating HGF and MCP-2 levels as prognostic biomarkers as suggested by previous smaller studies. Inflammatory proteins may serve as predictive biomarkers of ICI response and valuable targets for combination therapy. FUNDING This work was supported by the Seerave Foundation and Dutch Cancer Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niccolò Rossi
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, UK
| | - Karla A Lee
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, UK
| | - Maria V Bermudez
- Centre for Inflammation Biology and Cancer Immunology, King's College London, UK
| | - Alessia Visconti
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, UK
| | | | - Laura A Bolte
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Johannes R Björk
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Laura Kist de Ruijter
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Julia Newton-Bishop
- Division of Haematology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Research at St James's, University of Leeds, UK
| | - Mark Harland
- Division of Haematology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Research at St James's, University of Leeds, UK
| | - Heather M Shaw
- Department of Medical Oncology, Mount Vernon Cancer Centre, Northwood, UK
| | - Mark Harries
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Joseph Sacco
- Liverpool Clatterbridge Cancer Centre, Liverpool, UK
| | - Ruth Board
- Department of Oncology, Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Preston, UK
| | - Paul Lorigan
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK; Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, UK
| | - Elisabeth G E de Vries
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Nicola Segata
- Department CIBIO, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Leonie Taams
- Centre for Inflammation Biology and Cancer Immunology, King's College London, UK
| | - Sophie Papa
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Studies, King's College London, UK
| | - Tim D Spector
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, UK
| | - Paul Nathan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Mount Vernon Cancer Centre, Northwood, UK
| | - Rinse K Weersma
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Geke A P Hospers
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Rudolf S N Fehrmann
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Veronique Bataille
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, UK; Department of Medical Oncology, Mount Vernon Cancer Centre, Northwood, UK.
| | - Mario Falchi
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, UK.
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16
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Therapeutic Benefit in Rheumatoid Cachexia Illustrated Using a Novel Primary Human Triple Cell Coculture Model. Int J Inflam 2022; 2022:1524913. [PMID: 35693848 PMCID: PMC9184217 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1524913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The loss of muscle mass in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), termed rheumatoid cachexia, is predicted to result from the complex interactions between different cell types involved in the maintenance of skeletal muscle mass, namely, myoblasts, fibroblasts, and macrophages. The complexity within the muscle is further highlighted by the incidence of nonresponsiveness to current RA treatment strategies. Method This study aimed at determining differences in the cellular responses in a novel human primary cell triple coculture model exposed to serum collected from nonarthritic controls (NC), RA treatment naïve (RATN), and RA treatment-nonresponding (RATNR) patients. Bone morphogenetic protein-7 (BMP-7) was investigated as a treatment option. Results Plasma analysis indicated that samples were indeed representative of healthy and RA patients—notably, the RATNR patients additionally exhibited dysregulated IL-6/IL-10 correlations. Coculture exposure to serum from RATNR patients demonstrated increased cellular growth (p < 0.001), while both hepatocyte growth factor (p < 0.01) and follistatin (p < 0.001) were reduced when compared to NC. Furthermore, decreased concentration of markers of extracellular matrix formation, transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β; p < 0.05) and fibronectin (p < 0.001), but increased collagen IV (p < 0.01) was observed following RATNR serum exposure. Under healthy conditions, BMP-7 exhibited potentially beneficial results in reducing fibrosis-generating TGF-β (p < 0.05) and fibronectin (p < 0.05). BMP-7 further exhibited protective potential in the RA groups through reversing the aberrant tendencies observed especially in the RATNR serum-exposed group. Conclusion Exposure of the triple coculture to RATN and RATNR serum resulted in dysregulated myoblast proliferation and growth, and ECM impairment, which was reversed by BMP-7 treatment.
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17
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Santos LF, Patrício SG, Silva AS, Mano JF. Freestanding Magnetic Microtissues for Tissue Engineering Applications. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2101532. [PMID: 34921719 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202101532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A long-sought goal in tissue engineering (TE) is the development of tissues able to recapitulate the complex architecture of the native counterpart. Microtissues, by resembling the functional units of living structures, can be used to recreate tissues' architecture. Howbeit, microfabrication methodologies fail to reproduce cell-based tissues with uniform shape. At the macroscale, complex tissues are already produced by magnetic-TE using solely magnetized cells as building materials. The enhanced extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition guaranties the conservation of tissues' architecture, leading to a successful cellular engraftment. Following the same rational, now the combination of a versatile microfabrication-platform is proposed with magnetic-TE to generate robust micro-tissues with complex architecture for TE purposes. Small tissue units with circle, square, and fiber-like shapes are designed with high fidelity acting as building blocks for engineering complex tissues. Notably, freestanding microtissues maintain their geometry after 7 days post-culturing, overcoming the challenges of microtissues fabrication. Lastly, the ability of microtissues in invading distinct tissue models while releasing trophic factors is substantiated in methacryloyl laminarin (LAM) and platelet lysates (PLMA) hydrogels. By simply using cells as building units and such microfabrication-platform, the fabrication of complex multiscale and multifunctional tissues with clinical relevance is envisaged, including for therapies or disease models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lúcia F. Santos
- Department of Chemistry CICECO–Aveiro Institute of Materials University of Aveiro Aveiro 3810‐193 Portugal
| | - Sónia G. Patrício
- Department of Chemistry CICECO–Aveiro Institute of Materials University of Aveiro Aveiro 3810‐193 Portugal
| | - Ana Sofia Silva
- Department of Chemistry CICECO–Aveiro Institute of Materials University of Aveiro Aveiro 3810‐193 Portugal
| | - João F. Mano
- Department of Chemistry CICECO–Aveiro Institute of Materials University of Aveiro Aveiro 3810‐193 Portugal
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18
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Matsuda S, Kotani T, Saito T, Suzuka T, Mori T, Takeuchi T. Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin Enhanced Therapeutic Effects of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cell Administration in a Mouse Model of Lupus Nephritis. Front Immunol 2022; 12:792739. [PMID: 35095868 PMCID: PMC8792143 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.792739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lupus nephritis is a life-threatening complication in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), but the efficiency of current therapies involving corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, and biological agents is limited. Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) are gaining attention as a novel treatment for inflammation in SLE. Low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) exhibits multiple functions including anti-inflammatory, anti-fibrotic, and cell function-promoting effects. LMWH stimulation is expected to increase the therapeutic effect of ASCs by promoting cellular functions. In this study, we investigated the effects of LMWH on ASC functions and the therapeutic effect of LMWH-activated human-ASCs (hep-hASCs) in an SLE mouse model. Methods The cellular functions of human-derived ASCs stimulated with different LMWH concentrations were observed, and the optimum LMWH dose was selected. The mice were assigned to control, human-ASC, and hep-hASC groups; treatments were performed on week 20. Twenty-six week-old mice were sacrificed, and urine protein score, serum blood urea nitrogen, creatinine (Cr), anti-ds DNA IgG antibody, and serum IL-6 levels were analyzed in each group. Mice kidneys were evaluated via histological examination, immunohistochemical staining, and gene expression levels. Results LMWH significantly promoted ASC migration and proliferation and hepatocyte growth factor production and upregulated immunomodulatory factors in vitro. Hep-hASC administration resulted in significant disease activity improvement including proteinuria, serum Cr and IL-6 levels, anti-ds DNA IgG antibody, glomerulonephritis, and immune complex in mice. Inflammation and fibrosis in kidneys was significantly suppressed in the hep-hASC group; the gene expression levels of TNF-alpha, TIMP-2, and MMP-2 was significantly downregulated in the hep-hASC group compared with the control group. Conclusions Hep-hASC exhibited higher anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic effects than hASCs and may be a candidate tool for SLE treatment in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shogo Matsuda
- Department of Internal Medicine (IV), Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki, Japan
| | - Takuya Kotani
- Department of Internal Medicine (IV), Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki, Japan
| | - Takashi Saito
- Department of Legal Medicine, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki, Japan
| | - Takayasu Suzuka
- Department of Internal Medicine (IV), Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiko Mori
- Medical Education Center, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki, Japan
| | - Tohru Takeuchi
- Department of Internal Medicine (IV), Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki, Japan
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19
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Chen CL, Kao CC, Yang MH, Fan GY, Cherng JH, Tsao CW, Wu ST, Cha TL, Meng E. A Novel Intravesical Dextrose Injection Improves Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms on Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:755615. [PMID: 34975473 PMCID: PMC8715092 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.755615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) is a painful recurrent condition characterized by the discomfort of the bladder, and current treatment options have limited effectiveness. Prolotherapy is a well-known treatment that involves the injection of non-biologic solutions to reduce pain and/or promote proliferation of soft tissue, and dextrose is the most common injectate. This study investigated the effects of dextrose prolotherapy in a rat model of IC/BPS and patients with IC/BPS. We used cyclophosphamide to induce IC/BPS in rats, and intravesical instillation of 10% dextrose solution was performed. After 1 week, we conducted a urodynamic test, bladder staining, and ECM-related gene expression analysis to examine the treatment’s efficacy. We found that dextrose treatment could recover the instability of the bladder, reduce frequent urination, and improve the glycosaminoglycan layer regeneration and the bladder wall thickness along with a significant intense expression of CD44 receptors. Furthermore, we enrolled 29 IC/BPS patients with previous hyaluronic acid/Botox treatment for more than 6 months with remained unchanged condition. In this study, they received intravesical injections of 10% dextrose solution followed by assessments for up to 12 weeks. Patient characteristics and a 3-day voiding diary before treatment were recorded. Patient responses were examined using IC/BPS-related questionnaires. Moreover, expressions of growth factors and cytokines were analyzed. The results demonstrated that dextrose prolotherapy in patients with IC/BPS reduced the frequency of treatment over time, with the mean number of treatments being 3.03 ± 1.52, and significantly reduced the incidence of nocturia and questionnaire scores associated with symptoms. Dextrose prolotherapy significantly enhanced EGF level and, in contrast, reduced the level of HGF, PIGF-1, and VEGF-D after several weeks following treatment. The cytokine analysis showed that the expressions of IL-12p70 and IL-10 were significantly up-regulated after dextrose prolotherapy in IC/BPS patients. The levels of most growth factors and cytokines in IC/BPS patients had no significant difference and showed a similar tendency as time progressed when compared to healthy controls. Overall, the alteration of growth factors and cytokines exhibited safe treatment and potential stimulation of tissue remodeling. In summary, our study demonstrated that dextrose prolotherapy is a promising treatment strategy for IC/BPS disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Li Chen
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chang Kao
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsin Yang
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Gang-Yi Fan
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Juin-Hong Cherng
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department and Graduate Institute of Biology and Anatomy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Wei Tsao
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Tang Wu
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Lung Cha
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - En Meng
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department and Graduate Institute of Biochemistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
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Mendoza-Marí Y, García-Ojalvo A, Fernández-Mayola M, Rodríguez-Rodríguez N, Martinez-Jimenez I, Berlanga-Acosta J. Epidermal growth factor effect on lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in fibroblasts derived from diabetic foot ulcer. Scars Burn Heal 2022; 8:20595131211067380. [PMID: 35198238 PMCID: PMC8859691 DOI: 10.1177/20595131211067380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) are characterised by high levels of inflammatory mediators, resulting from sustained hyperglycaemic insult and the local microbial biofilm. The intralesional administration of epidermal growth factor (EGF) has emerged as an effective treatment that stimulates granulation and closure of DFU, reducing the risk of amputation. Within the wound, fibroblasts play key roles during the healing process, promoting granulation and contraction. The aim of the present study was to examine the anti-inflammatory effect of EGF in DFU-derived fibroblasts, challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), under hyperglycaemic conditions, recreating in vitro what happens in a clinical scenario. Methods Healthy skin (HS) and DFU granulation tissue biopsies were used to isolate primary fibroblasts. The effect of LPS on cell proliferation was analysed. Transcriptional expression of toll-like receptor (TLR) pathway mediators (TLR4, TLR2, CD14, MYD88 and NFKB) and pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF, IL-6 and IL-1B) were measured by semi-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), in cells treated with appropriate concentrations of LPS, EGF and their combination. IL-6 protein concentration was quantified by ELISA. Results LPS stimulated proliferation of HS-derived fibroblasts, while inhibiting the proliferation of cells derived from DFU at the highest assayed concentration of 1 µg/mL. Regarding the TLR signalling pathway, LPS increased messenger RNA levels of mediators and pro-inflammatory genes, while EGF, alone or in the presence of LPS, downregulated them, except for IL-1B. Conclusion The results suggest that EGF might elicit an anti-inflammatory response in LPS-challenged fibroblasts, even in a hyperglycaemic milieu. Collectively, our findings contribute to explain newly observed effects of EGF in the clinical arena. Lay Summary In this research article, we analyse the putative anti-inflammatory effect of epidermal growth factor (EGF) on fibroblast isolated from diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) granulation tissue. To induce the inflammatory response, the cells were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), simulating the gram-negative bacterial infection that takes place in the wounds of diabetic patients. We studied the expression of genes involved in bacterial recognition receptors signalling pathway and those that code for different pro-inflammatory cytokines. We obtained primary fibroblasts from biopsies of a neuropathic diabetic ulcer and from healthy skin, the former was used as the control. Cells were isolated and grown in high glucose Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) culture medium, to simulate the hyperglycaemic insult. The effect of increasing concentrations of LPS on cell proliferation was analysed. Relative transcriptional expression of genes in the study was quantified by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) in cells treated with LPS, EGF or a combination. Untreated cells served to normalise the expression. In the present study, we demonstrated that EGF modulated the primary immune response by reducing the activation of pathogen-recognition receptors and common genes involved in these signalling pathways, even in hyperglycaemic conditions. This effect translated in a decreased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. These results contribute to explain our previous observations about the reduction of circulating levels of inflammatory cytokines after local administration of human recombinant EGF in DFU. Further molecular studies should be carried out to fully understand the biological mechanisms elicited by EGF in this clinical scenario.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yssel Mendoza-Marí
- Wound Healing and Cytoprotection Group, Biomedical Research Direction, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Havana, Cuba
| | - Ariana García-Ojalvo
- Wound Healing and Cytoprotection Group, Biomedical Research Direction, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Havana, Cuba
| | - Maday Fernández-Mayola
- Wound Healing and Cytoprotection Group, Biomedical Research Direction, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Havana, Cuba
| | - Nadia Rodríguez-Rodríguez
- Wound Healing and Cytoprotection Group, Biomedical Research Direction, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Havana, Cuba
| | - Indira Martinez-Jimenez
- Wound Healing and Cytoprotection Group, Biomedical Research Direction, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Havana, Cuba
| | - Jorge Berlanga-Acosta
- Wound Healing and Cytoprotection Group, Biomedical Research Direction, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Havana, Cuba
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21
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Altaie A, Baboolal TG, Wall O, Pandit H, Jones E, McGonagle D. Device-Based Enrichment of Knee Joint Synovial Cells to Drive MSC Chondrogenesis Without Prior Culture Expansion In Vitro: A Step Closer to 1-Stage Orthopaedic Procedures. Am J Sports Med 2022; 50:152-161. [PMID: 34779670 PMCID: PMC8739599 DOI: 10.1177/03635465211055164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Synovial fluid (SF) mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are derived from the synovial membrane and have cartilage repair potential. Their current use in clinical practice is largely exploratory. As their numbers tend to be small, therapeutic procedures using MSCs typically require culture expansion. Previous reports indicate that the stem cell-mobilizing device (STEM device) intraoperatively increases SF-MSCs. PURPOSE This study evaluated the chondrogenic potential of non-culture expanded synovium-mobilized MSCs and SF-microfragments obtained after enrichment using the STEM device and ascertained if device-mediated synovial membrane manipulation facilitated ongoing MSC release. STUDY DESIGN Controlled laboratory study. METHODS Two samples of aspiration fluid were collected intraoperatively before and after STEM device utilization from patients (n = 16) undergoing diagnostic or therapeutic knee arthroscopy. Human knee synovium (n = 5) was collected during total knee replacement, and a suspended culture was performed to assess the effect of the STEM device on ongoing MSC release. Colony forming unit-fibroblastic assays were used to determine the number of MSCs. Additionally, cytometric characterization of stromal and immune cells and chondrogenesis differentiation assay were performed without culture expansion. Filtered platelet concentrates were prepared using the HemaTrate system. RESULTS After STEM device use, a significant increase was evident in SF-MSCs (P = .03) and synovial fluid-resident synovial tissue microfragments (P = .03). In vitro-suspended synovium released significantly more MSCs following STEM device use than nonstimulated synovium (P = .01). The STEM device-released total cellular fraction produced greater in vitro chondrogenesis with significantly more glycosaminoglycans (GAGs; P < .0001) when compared with non-STEM device synovial fluid material. Nonexpanded SF-MSCs and SF-microfragments combined with autologous filtered platelet concentrate produced significantly more GAGs than the complete chondrogenic media (P < .0001). The STEM device-mobilized cells contained more M2 macrophage cells and fewer M1 cells. CONCLUSION Non-culture expanded SF-MSCs and SF-microfragments had the potential to undergo chondrogenesis without culture expansion, which can be augmented using the STEM device with increased MSC release from manipulated synovium for several days. Although preliminary, these findings offer proof of concept toward manipulation of the knee joint environment to facilitate endogenous repair responses. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Although numbers were small, this study highlights 3 factors relevant to 1-stage joint repair using the STEM device: increased SF-MSCs and SF-microfragments and prolonged synovial release of MSCs. Joint repair strategies involving endogenous MSCs for cartilage repair without the need for culture expansion in a 1-stage procedure may be possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ala Altaie
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Thomas G. Baboolal
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Owen Wall
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, National Institute for Health Research, Leeds, UK
| | - Hemant Pandit
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, National Institute for Health Research, Leeds, UK
| | - Elena Jones
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Dennis McGonagle
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, National Institute for Health Research, Leeds, UK
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22
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Mehta S, Campbell H, Drummond CJ, Li K, Murray K, Slatter T, Bourdon JC, Braithwaite AW. Adaptive homeostasis and the p53 isoform network. EMBO Rep 2021; 22:e53085. [PMID: 34779563 PMCID: PMC8647153 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202153085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
All living organisms have developed processes to sense and address environmental changes to maintain a stable internal state (homeostasis). When activated, the p53 tumour suppressor maintains cell and organ integrity and functions in response to homeostasis disruptors (stresses) such as infection, metabolic alterations and cellular damage. Thus, p53 plays a fundamental physiological role in maintaining organismal homeostasis. The TP53 gene encodes a network of proteins (p53 isoforms) with similar and distinct biochemical functions. The p53 network carries out multiple biological activities enabling cooperation between individual cells required for long‐term survival of multicellular organisms (animals) in response to an ever‐changing environment caused by mutation, infection, metabolic alteration or damage. In this review, we suggest that the p53 network has evolved as an adaptive response to pathogen infections and other environmental selection pressures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunali Mehta
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,Maurice Wilkins Centre for Biodiscovery, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Hamish Campbell
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Catherine J Drummond
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,Maurice Wilkins Centre for Biodiscovery, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Kunyu Li
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Kaisha Murray
- Dundee Cancer Centre, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Tania Slatter
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,Maurice Wilkins Centre for Biodiscovery, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Jean-Christophe Bourdon
- Dundee Cancer Centre, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Antony W Braithwaite
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,Maurice Wilkins Centre for Biodiscovery, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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23
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Sanghani-Kerai A, Black C, Cheng SO, Collins L, Schneider N, Blunn G, Watson F, Fitzpatrick N. Clinical outcomes following intra-articular injection of autologous adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells for the treatment of osteoarthritis in dogs characterized by weight-bearing asymmetry. Bone Joint Res 2021; 10:650-658. [PMID: 34628940 PMCID: PMC8559970 DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.1010.bjr-2020-0540.r1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS This study investigates the effects of intra-articular injection of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AdMSCs) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on lameness, pain, and quality of life in osteoarthritic canine patients. METHODS With informed owner consent, adipose tissue collected from adult dogs diagnosed with degenerative joint disease was enzymatically digested and cultured to passage 1. A small portion of cells (n = 4) surplus to clinical need were characterized using flow cytometry and tri-lineage differentiation. The impact and degree of osteoarthritis (OA) was assessed using the Liverpool Osteoarthritis in Dogs (LOAD) score, Modified Canine Osteoarthritis Staging Tool (mCOAST), kinetic gait analysis, and diagnostic imaging. Overall, 28 joints (25 dogs) were injected with autologous AdMSCs and PRP. The patients were followed up at two, four, eight, 12, and 24 weeks. Data were analyzed using two related-samples Wilcoxon signed-rank or Mann-Whitney U tests with statistical significance set at p < 0.05. RESULTS AdMSCs demonstrated stem cell-like characteristics. LOAD scores were significantly lower at week 4 compared with preinjection (p = 0.021). The mCOAST improved significantly after three months (p = 0.001) and six months (p = 0.001). Asymmmetry indices decreased from four weeks post-injection and remained significantly lower at six months (p = 0.025). CONCLUSION These improvements in quality of life, reduction in pain on examination, and improved symmetry in dogs injected with AdMSCs and PRP support the effectiveness of this combined treatment for symptom modification in canine OA for six months. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2021;10(10):650-658.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - G Blunn
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
| | - Fraje Watson
- Fitzpatrick Referrals, Godalming, UK.,Institute of Orthopaedic & Musculoskeletal Science, University College London, London, UK
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24
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Prado LG, Barbosa AS. Understanding the Renal Fibrotic Process in Leptospirosis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910779. [PMID: 34639117 PMCID: PMC8509513 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Leptospirosis is a neglected infectious disease caused by pathogenic species of the genus Leptospira. The acute disease is well-described, and, although it resembles other tropical diseases, it can be diagnosed through the use of serological and molecular methods. While the chronic renal disease, carrier state, and kidney fibrosis due to Leptospira infection in humans have been the subject of discussion by researchers, the mechanisms involved in these processes are still overlooked, and relatively little is known about the establishment and maintenance of the chronic status underlying this infectious disease. In this review, we highlight recent findings regarding the cellular communication pathways involved in the renal fibrotic process, as well as the relationship between renal fibrosis due to leptospirosis and CKD/CKDu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luan Gavião Prado
- Laboratório de Bacteriologia, Instituto Butantan, Avenida Vital Brasil, 1500, São Paulo 05503-900, Brazil;
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Lineu Prestes 1374, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Angela Silva Barbosa
- Laboratório de Bacteriologia, Instituto Butantan, Avenida Vital Brasil, 1500, São Paulo 05503-900, Brazil;
- Correspondence:
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25
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Perreau M, Suffiotti M, Marques-Vidal P, Wiedemann A, Levy Y, Laouénan C, Ghosn J, Fenwick C, Comte D, Roger T, Regina J, Vollenweider P, Waeber G, Oddo M, Calandra T, Pantaleo G. The cytokines HGF and CXCL13 predict the severity and the mortality in COVID-19 patients. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4888. [PMID: 34373466 PMCID: PMC8352963 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25191-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to identify biological signatures of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) predictive of admission in the intensive care unit (ICU). Over 170 immunological markers were investigated in a 'discovery' cohort (n = 98 patients) of the Lausanne University Hospital (LUH-1). Here we report that 13 out of 49 cytokines were significantly associated with ICU admission in the three cohorts (P < 0.05 to P < 0.001), while cellular immunological markers lacked power in discriminating between ICU and non-ICU patients. The cytokine results were confirmed in two 'validation' cohorts, i.e. the French COVID-19 Study (FCS; n = 62) and a second LUH-2 cohort (n = 47). The combination of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 13 (CXCL13) was the best predictor of ICU admission (positive and negative predictive values ranging from 81.8% to 93.1% and 85.2% to 94.4% in the 3 cohorts) and occurrence of death during patient follow-up (8.8 fold higher likelihood of death when both cytokines were increased). Of note, HGF is a pleiotropic cytokine with anti-inflammatory properties playing a fundamental role in lung tissue repair, and CXCL13, a pro-inflammatory chemokine associated with pulmonary fibrosis and regulating the maturation of B cell response. Up-regulation of HGF reflects the most powerful counter-regulatory mechanism of the host immune response to antagonize the pro-inflammatory cytokines including CXCL13 and to prevent lung fibrosis in COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Perreau
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Madeleine Suffiotti
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pedro Marques-Vidal
- Service of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Aurelie Wiedemann
- Vaccine Research Institute, Université Paris-Est, Faculté de Médecine, INSERM U955, Créteil, France.,Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Henri-Mondor Albert-Chenevier, Service d'Immunologie Clinique, Créteil, France
| | - Yves Levy
- Vaccine Research Institute, Université Paris-Est, Faculté de Médecine, INSERM U955, Créteil, France.,Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Henri-Mondor Albert-Chenevier, Service d'Immunologie Clinique, Créteil, France
| | - Cédric Laouénan
- AP-HP, Hôpital Bichat, Département Épidémiologie Biostatistiques et Recherche Clinique, INSERM, Centre d'Investigation clinique-Epidémiologie Clinique 1425, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, INSERM, IAME UMR 1137, Paris, France
| | - Jade Ghosn
- AP-HP, Hôpital Bichat, Service de Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Paris, France
| | - Craig Fenwick
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Denis Comte
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Thierry Roger
- Service of Infectious Diseases, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jean Regina
- Service of Infectious Diseases, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Peter Vollenweider
- Service of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Gerard Waeber
- Service of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mauro Oddo
- Service of Intensive Care, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Thierry Calandra
- Service of Infectious Diseases, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Giuseppe Pantaleo
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland. .,Vaccine Research Institute, Université Paris-Est, Faculté de Médecine, INSERM U955, Créteil, France. .,Swiss Vaccine Research Institute, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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26
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Desole C, Gallo S, Vitacolonna A, Montarolo F, Bertolotto A, Vivien D, Comoglio P, Crepaldi T. HGF and MET: From Brain Development to Neurological Disorders. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:683609. [PMID: 34179015 PMCID: PMC8220160 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.683609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and its tyrosine kinase receptor, encoded by the MET cellular proto-oncogene, are expressed in the nervous system from pre-natal development to adult life, where they are involved in neuronal growth and survival. In this review, we highlight, beyond the neurotrophic action, novel roles of HGF-MET in synaptogenesis during post-natal brain development and the connection between deregulation of MET expression and developmental disorders such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD). On the pharmacology side, HGF-induced MET activation exerts beneficial neuroprotective effects also in adulthood, specifically in neurodegenerative disease, and in preclinical models of cerebral ischemia, spinal cord injuries, and neurological pathologies, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and multiple sclerosis (MS). HGF is a key factor preventing neuronal death and promoting survival through pro-angiogenic, anti-inflammatory, and immune-modulatory mechanisms. Recent evidence suggests that HGF acts on neural stem cells to enhance neuroregeneration. The possible therapeutic application of HGF and HGF mimetics for the treatment of neurological disorders is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Desole
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.,Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
| | - Simona Gallo
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.,Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
| | - Annapia Vitacolonna
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.,Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
| | - Francesca Montarolo
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi, Orbassano, Italy.,Neurobiology Unit, Neurology, CReSM (Regional Referring Center of Multiple Sclerosis), San Luigi Gonzaga University Hospital, Orbassano, Italy.,Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Antonio Bertolotto
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi, Orbassano, Italy.,Neurobiology Unit, Neurology, CReSM (Regional Referring Center of Multiple Sclerosis), San Luigi Gonzaga University Hospital, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Denis Vivien
- INSERM U1237, University of Caen, Gyp Cyceron, Caen, France.,Department of Clinical Research, Caen-Normandie University Hospital, Caen, France
| | - Paolo Comoglio
- IFOM, FIRC Institute for Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Tiziana Crepaldi
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.,Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
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27
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Circulating Levels of the Interferon-γ-Regulated Chemokines CXCL10/CXCL11, IL-6 and HGF Predict Outcome in Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Patients Treated with Antiangiogenic Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13112849. [PMID: 34200459 PMCID: PMC8201218 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13112849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Sunitinib and pazopanib are standard first-line treatments for patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). Nonetheless, as the number of treatment options increases, there is a need to identify biomarkers that can predict drug efficacy and toxicity. In this prospective study we evaluated a set of biomarkers that had been previously identified within a secretory signature in mRCC patients. This set includes tumor expression of c-Met and serum levels of HGF, IL-6, IL-8, CXCL9, CXCL10 and CXCL11. Our cohort included 60 patients with mRCC from 10 different Spanish hospitals who received sunitinib (n = 51), pazopanib (n = 4) or both (n = 5). Levels of biomarkers were studied in relation to response rate, progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). High tumor expression of c-Met and high basal serum levels of HGF, IL-6, CXCL11 and CXCL10 were significantly associated with reduced PFS and/or OS. In multivariable Cox regression analysis, CXCL11 was identified as an independent biomarker predictive of shorter PFS and OS, and HGF was an independent predictor of reduced PFS. Correlation analyses using our cohort of patients and patients from TCGA showed that HGF levels were significantly correlated with those of IL-6, CXCL11 and CXCL10. Bioinformatic protein-protein network analysis revealed a significant interaction between these proteins, all this suggesting a coordinated expression and secretion. We also developed a prognostic index that considers this group of biomarkers, where high values in mRCC patients can predict higher risk of relapse (HR 5.28 [2.32-12.0], p < 0.0001). In conclusion, high plasma HGF, CXCL11, CXCL10 and IL-6 levels are associated with worse outcome in mRCC patients treated with sunitinib or pazopanib. Our findings also suggest that these factors may constitute a secretory cluster that acts coordinately to promote tumor growth and resistance to antiangiogenic therapy.
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28
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Saunders DC, Aamodt KI, Richardson TM, Hopkirk AJ, Aramandla R, Poffenberger G, Jenkins R, Flaherty DK, Prasad N, Levy SE, Powers AC, Brissova M. Coordinated interactions between endothelial cells and macrophages in the islet microenvironment promote β cell regeneration. NPJ Regen Med 2021; 6:22. [PMID: 33824346 PMCID: PMC8024255 DOI: 10.1038/s41536-021-00129-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Endogenous β cell regeneration could alleviate diabetes, but proliferative stimuli within the islet microenvironment are incompletely understood. We previously found that β cell recovery following hypervascularization-induced β cell loss involves interactions with endothelial cells (ECs) and macrophages (MΦs). Here we show that proliferative ECs modulate MΦ infiltration and phenotype during β cell loss, and recruited MΦs are essential for β cell recovery. Furthermore, VEGFR2 inactivation in quiescent ECs accelerates islet vascular regression during β cell recovery and leads to increased β cell proliferation without changes in MΦ phenotype or number. Transcriptome analysis of β cells, ECs, and MΦs reveals that β cell proliferation coincides with elevated expression of extracellular matrix remodeling molecules and growth factors likely driving activation of proliferative signaling pathways in β cells. Collectively, these findings suggest a new β cell regeneration paradigm whereby coordinated interactions between intra-islet MΦs, ECs, and extracellular matrix mediate β cell self-renewal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane C Saunders
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Kristie I Aamodt
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Tiffany M Richardson
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Alexander J Hopkirk
- Department of Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Radhika Aramandla
- Department of Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Greg Poffenberger
- Department of Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Regina Jenkins
- Department of Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - David K Flaherty
- Flow Cytometry Shared Resource, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Nripesh Prasad
- Hudson Alpha Institute of Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL, USA
| | - Shawn E Levy
- Hudson Alpha Institute of Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL, USA
| | - Alvin C Powers
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
- VA Tennessee Valley Healthcare, Nashville, TN, USA.
| | - Marcela Brissova
- Department of Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
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29
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Jeske R, Yuan X, Fu Q, Bunnell BA, Logan TM, Li Y. In Vitro Culture Expansion Shifts the Immune Phenotype of Human Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Front Immunol 2021; 12:621744. [PMID: 33777002 PMCID: PMC7988085 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.621744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Human mesenchymal stem or stromal cells (hMSCs) are known for their potential in regenerative medicine due to their differentiation abilities, secretion of trophic factors, and regulation of immune responses in damaged tissues. Due to the limited quantity of hMSCs typically isolated from bone marrow, other tissue sources, such as adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hASCs), are considered a promising alternative. However, differences have been observed for hASCs in the context of metabolic characteristics and response to in vitro culture stress compared to bone marrow derived hMSCs (BM-hMSCs). In particular, the relationship between metabolic homeostasis and stem cell functions, especially the immune phenotype and immunomodulation of hASCs, remains unknown. This study thoroughly assessed the changes in metabolism, redox cycles, and immune phenotype of hASCs during in vitro expansion. In contrast to BM-hMSCs, hASCs did not respond to culture stress significantly during expansion as limited cellular senescence was observed. Notably, hASCs exhibited the increased secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the decreased secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines after extended culture expansion. The NAD+/NADH redox cycle and other metabolic characteristics associated with aging were relatively stable, indicating that hASC functional decline may be regulated through an alternative mechanism rather than NAD+/Sirtuin aging pathways as observed in BM-hMSCs. Furthermore, transcriptome analysis by mRNA-sequencing revealed the upregulation of genes for pro-inflammatory cytokines/chemokines and the downregulation of genes for anti-inflammatory cytokines for hASCs at high passage. Proteomics analysis indicated key pathways (e.g., tRNA charging, EIF2 signaling, protein ubiquitination pathway) that may be associated with the immune phenotype shift of hASCs. Together, this study advances our understanding of the metabolism and senescence of hASCs and may offer vital insights for the biomanufacturing of hASCs for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Jeske
- Department of Chemical & Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States
| | - Xuegang Yuan
- Department of Chemical & Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States.,The National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States
| | - Qin Fu
- Department of Chemical & Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States
| | - Bruce A Bunnell
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, United States
| | - Timothy M Logan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Chemical & Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States.,Institute of Molecular Biophysics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States
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Latest advances to enhance the therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stromal cells for the treatment of immune-mediated diseases. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2021; 11:498-514. [PMID: 33634433 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-021-00934-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) present the capacity to secrete multiple immunomodulatory factors in response to their microenvironment. This property grants them a golden status among the novel alternatives to treat multiple diseases in which there is an unneeded or exaggerated immune response. However, important challenges still make difficult the clinical implementation of MSC-based therapies, being one of the most remarkable the lack of efficacy due to their transient immunomodulatory effects. To overcome this issue and boost the regulatory potential of MSCs, multiple strategies are currently being explored. Some of them consist of ex vivo pre-conditioning MSCs prior to their administration, including exposure to pro-inflammatory cytokines or to low oxygen concentrations. However, currently, alternative strategies that do not require such ex vivo manipulation are gaining special attention. Among them, the recreation of a three dimensional (3D) environment is remarkable. This approach has been reported to not only boost the immunomodulatory potential of MSCs but also increase their in vivo persistence and viability. The present work revises the therapeutic potential of MSCs, highlighting their immunomodulatory activity as a potential treatment for diseases caused by an exacerbated or unnecessary immune response. Moreover, it offers an updated vision of the most widely employed pre-conditioning strategies and 3D systems intended to enhance MSC-mediated immunomodulation, to conclude discussing the major challenges still to overcome in the field.
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Serum biomarkers for Modic changes in patients with chronic low back pain. EUROPEAN SPINE JOURNAL : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE EUROPEAN SPINE SOCIETY, THE EUROPEAN SPINAL DEFORMITY SOCIETY, AND THE EUROPEAN SECTION OF THE CERVICAL SPINE RESEARCH SOCIETY 2021; 30:1018-1027. [PMID: 33423134 DOI: 10.1007/s00586-020-06713-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Lumbar Modic change (MC) can serve as a diagnostic marker as well as an independent source of chronic low back pain (CLBP). This study aimed to test for the existence of serum biomarkers in CLBP patients with MC. METHODS Age- and sex-matched CLBP patients with confirmed MC on lumbar MRI (n = 40) and pain-free controls (n = 40) were assessed. MC was classified into M1, predominating M1, predominating M2 and M2. MC volumes were calculated. Fasting blood samples were assessed for inflammatory mediators, signalling molecules, growth factors and bone turnover markers. Serum concentrations of 46 biomarkers were measured. RESULTS Median concentrations of interleukin (IL)-15 (p < 0.001), IL-8 (p < 0.001), tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha (p < 0.001), Eotaxin-1 (p < 0.05), Eotaxin-3 (p < 0.001), monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1 (p < 0.05), macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1alpha (p < 0.01), TEK receptor tyrosine kinase (Tie)-2 (p < 0.001), vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1 (p < 0.001), RANTES (p < 0.001), C telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX)-1 (p < 0.001), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-C (p < 0.001), VEGF-D (p < 0.05), fms-related tyrosine kinase (Flt)-1 (p < 0.01) and intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 (p < 0.01) were significantly higher among controls. IL-1sRII (23.2 vs. 15.5 ng/ml, p < 0.001) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)-1 (169 vs. 105 pg/ml, p < 0.01) concentrations were significantly higher among patients. Type or volume of MC was not associated with biomarker concentrations. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to assess the blood serum biomarker profile in individuals with CLBP with MC. Several biomarkers were suppressed, while two markers (IL-1sRII and HGF) were elevated among MC patients, irrespective of MC type or size, with CLBP compared with asymptomatic controls.
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Gomart A, Vallée A, Lecarpentier Y. Necrotizing Enterocolitis: LPS/TLR4-Induced Crosstalk Between Canonical TGF-β/Wnt/β-Catenin Pathways and PPARγ. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:713344. [PMID: 34712628 PMCID: PMC8547806 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.713344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) represents one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in premature infants. Several recent studies, however, have contributed to a better understanding of the pathophysiology of this dreadful disease. Numerous intracellular pathways play a key role in NEC, namely: bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), LPS toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling and PPARγ. In a large number of pathologies, canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling and PPARγ operate in opposition to one another, so that when one of the two pathways is overexpressed the other is downregulated and vice-versa. In NEC, activation of TLR4 by LPS leads to downregulation of the canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling and upregulation of PPARγ. This review aims to shed light on the complex intracellular mechanisms involved in this pathophysiological profile by examining additional pathways such as the GSK-3β, NF-κB, TGF-β/Smads, and PI3K-Akt pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexia Gomart
- Département de Pédiatrie et Médecine de l'adolescent, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Alexandre Vallée
- Department of Clinical Research and Innovation, Foch Hospital, Suresnes, France
| | - Yves Lecarpentier
- Centre de Recherche Clinique, Grand Hôpital de l'Est Francilien, Meaux, France
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Steven A, Friedrich M, Jank P, Heimer N, Budczies J, Denkert C, Seliger B. What turns CREB on? And off? And why does it matter? Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 77:4049-4067. [PMID: 32347317 PMCID: PMC7532970 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03525-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Altered expression and function of the transcription factor cyclic AMP response-binding protein (CREB) has been identified to play an important role in cancer and is associated with the overall survival and therapy response of tumor patients. This review focuses on the expression and activation of CREB under physiologic conditions and in tumors of distinct origin as well as the underlying mechanisms of CREB regulation by diverse stimuli and inhibitors. In addition, the clinical relevance of CREB is summarized, including its use as a prognostic and/or predictive marker as well as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Steven
- Institute for Medical Immunology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Str. 2, 06112, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Michael Friedrich
- Institute for Medical Immunology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Str. 2, 06112, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Paul Jank
- Institute of Pathology, Philipps University Marburg, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - Nadine Heimer
- Institute for Medical Immunology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Str. 2, 06112, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Jan Budczies
- Institute of Pathology, University Clinic Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Carsten Denkert
- Institute of Pathology, Philipps University Marburg, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - Barbara Seliger
- Institute for Medical Immunology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Str. 2, 06112, Halle (Saale), Germany.
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Sánchez M, Beitia M, Pompei O, Jorquera C, Sánchez P, Knörr J, Soldado F, López L, Oraa J, Miren Bilbao A, Fiz N, Guadilla J, Aizpurua B, Azofra J, Delgado D. Isolation, Activation, and Mechanism of Action of Platelet-Rich Plasma and Its Applications for Joint Repair. Regen Med 2020. [DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.90543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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Ziegler ME, Claytor B, Bell M, Casas L, Widgerow AD. Gene Expression Changes in the Skin of Patients Undergoing Medial Thigh Liposuction With Pre-Surgical and Post-Surgical Application of Topical Products. Aesthet Surg J Open Forum 2020; 2:ojaa033. [PMID: 33791656 PMCID: PMC7671262 DOI: 10.1093/asjof/ojaa033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skin topical preconditioning before and after surgical procedures is a relatively new concept, particularly in relation to the efficient removal of tissue breakdown products. Clinical trials demonstrate improvements, such as less induration, when surgery is combined with topical product preconditioning and with usage post-surgery. OBJECTIVES This trial aimed to assess the efficacy of such a regimen at the molecular level through gene expression studies in combination with clinical assessments. METHODS Six women who underwent medial thigh liposuction administered either a bland moisturizer or the experimental topical products to each side of the surgical area twice daily. Biopsies were taken before any topical application, at 2 and 4 weeks after liposuction. An inflammation-related gene expression analysis was conducted to compare the different conditions. In addition, the degree of induration was assessed in a blinded manner. RESULTS Compared with the bland moisturizer, the experimental group demonstrated a hastened immune inflammatory response moving more rapidly to an anti-inflammatory reversal at 2 weeks followed by a wound healing extracellular remodeling effect at 4 weeks. This matched the clinical picture depicting less induration with the treatment. CONCLUSIONS For patients undergoing body procedures, a topical treatment with the Alastin induces an accelerated healing response, inducing the clearance of "waste" products and the induction of anti-inflammatory genes. Furthermore, this topical treatment stimulates extracellular matrix remodeling, which ultimately leads to less induration. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 5
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Alan D Widgerow
- Corresponding Author:Dr Alan D. Widgerow, 3129 Tiger Run Court Suite #109, Carlsbad, CA 92010, USA. E-mail: ; Instagram: @alanwidge
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Topical cell-free conditioned media harvested from adipose tissue-derived stem cells promote recovery from corneal epithelial defects caused by chemical burns. Sci Rep 2020; 10:12448. [PMID: 32709896 PMCID: PMC7381646 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-69020-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Corneal chemical burns can lead to blindness following serious complications. As most of these complications are caused by failure of reepithelization during the acute phase, treatment at this stage is critical. Although there have been some studies on corneal injury recovery using adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs), none has reported the effect of topical cell-free conditioned culture media (CM) derived from ADSCs on corneal epithelial regeneration. Here, the best conditions for CM were selected and used for in vitro and in vivo experiments. Corneal burn in rats was induced using 100% alcohol. The chosen CM was administered to corneal burn rats (CM-treated [CT] group) four times a day for three days and this group was compared with the normal control and corneal burn (CB) groups. Biomicroscopic fluorescence images and the actual physical corneas were taken over time and used for analysis. mRNA levels of hepatocyte growth factor and epidermal growth factor (EGF) were significantly increased, whereas those of vascular endothelial growth factor, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-10, and matrix metalloproteinase-9 were significantly decreased in the CT group compared with those in the CB group. The numbers of proliferating cell nuclear antigen- and zonular occludens-1-positive cells in the CT group were significantly higher than those in the CB group. The macrophage-infiltrating corneas in the CT group expressed significantly more of the M2 marker arginase than corneas in the CB group. Optimal CM (× 0.5 concentration) treatment significantly accelerated the migration of corneal epithelial cells and induced upregulation of the expression of IL-6, EGF, and C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 mRNAs. Overall, in this study, topical administration of cell-free CM promoted regeneration of the corneal epithelium after induction of chemical burns.
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Raeissadat SA, Gharooee Ahangar A, Rayegani SM, Minator Sajjadi M, Ebrahimpour A, Yavari P. Platelet-Rich Plasma-Derived Growth Factor vs Hyaluronic Acid Injection in the Individuals with Knee Osteoarthritis: A One Year Randomized Clinical Trial. J Pain Res 2020; 13:1699-1711. [PMID: 32753945 PMCID: PMC7354951 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s210715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In this study, we aimed at performing a comparison between intra-articular injections of PRP-derived growth factor (PGRF) and hyaluronic acid regarding their effect on pain and patient's function in knee osteoarthritis, as well as their safety profiles. METHODS During our single-masked randomized clinical trial, the candidates with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis received two intra-articular injections of PRGF with 3 weeks apart or received three weekly injections of HA. The mean improvements from before treatment until the second, sixth, and twelfth months post-intervention in scores obtained by visual analog scale (VAS), Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), and Lequesne index were our primary outcomes. RESULTS A total of 102 candidates were finally included in the study. Patients' mean age was 57.08±7.3 years old in the PRGF group compared to the mean age of 58.63±7.09 years old in HA patients. In the PRGF group, total WOMAC index decreased from 41.96±11.71 to 27.10±12.3 (P = 0.02), and from 39.71±10.4 to 32.41±11.8 in the HA group after 12 months (P > 0.05). Regarding the Lequesne index, pain, ADL, and global scores significantly decreased after 12 months in the PRGF group compared to the HA group (P<0.001). There was also a meaningful higher rate of satisfaction in the PRGF group compared to the HA group after 12 months of treatment (P<0.001). CONCLUSION Besides significantly higher satisfaction belonging to the PRGF group, there was a statistically significant improvement in VAS score and global, pain, and ADL score of Lequesne by passing 12 months from injection in PRGF compared to HA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Ahmad Raeissadat
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Research Center, Clinical Research Development Center of Shahid Modarres Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Seyed Mansoor Rayegani
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Research Center, Clinical Research Development Center of Shahid Modarres Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Adel Ebrahimpour
- Taleghani Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pegah Yavari
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Research Center, Clinical Research Development Center of Shahid Modarres Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Alves R, Grimalt R. Platelet-Rich Plasma and its Use for Cicatricial and Non-Cicatricial Alopecias: A Narrative Review. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb) 2020; 10:623-633. [PMID: 32557337 PMCID: PMC7367994 DOI: 10.1007/s13555-020-00408-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The concept and description of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) started in the field of hematology and is being extensively used in other fields of medicine. Interest in the application of PRP has been increasing in dermatology, such as in tissue regeneration, wound healing, scar revision, skin-rejuvenating effects, and alopecia. PRP is an autologous blood product containing high concentrations of platelets in a small volume of plasma. Different preparations of PRP may lead to different volumes of PRP, platelet concentration, and presence or absence of leukocytes. PRP is being used as a new therapy for some types of non-cicatricial alopecia such as androgenetic alopecia (AGA) and alopecia areata (AA) and, recently, new insights refer to the possibility of action in the field of cicatricial alopecia, like lichen planopillaris (LPP) and frontal fibrosing alopecia (FFA). This article aims to identify the major indications for the application of PRP in the field of hair disorders, including non-cicatricial and cicatricial alopecia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubina Alves
- Serviço de Dermatologia, Hospital Central do Funchal, Avenida Luís de Camões, nº 57, 9004-514, Funchal, Portugal.
| | - Ramon Grimalt
- Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Josep Trueta, s/n, 08195, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
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Takafuji Y, Hori M, Mizuno T, Harada-Shiba M. Humoral factors secreted from adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells ameliorate atherosclerosis in Ldlr-/- mice. Cardiovasc Res 2020; 115:1041-1051. [PMID: 30388208 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvy271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Revised: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the vasculature. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) exert immunomodulatory and immunosuppressive effects by secreting humoral factors; however, the intravascular MSC administration presents a risk of vascular occlusion. Here, we investigated both the effect of conditioned medium from cultured MSCs (MSC-CM) on atherosclerosis and the underlying mechanism. METHODS AND RESULTS Low-density lipoprotein receptor-deficient (Ldlr-/-) mice were fed a high-fat diet and received intravenous injections of either MSC-CM from adipose tissue-derived MSCs or control medium 2×/week for 13 weeks. MSC-CM treatment decreased the atherosclerotic plaque area in the aorta and aortic root of Ldlr-/- mice by 41% and 30%, respectively, with no change in serum lipoprotein levels. Histopathologically, the MSC-CM treatment decreased the expression of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) and the accumulation of macrophages on the vascular walls. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) and supernatant (MSC-CM supernatant) were separated from the MSC-CM by ultracentrifugation. In tumour necrosis factor-α stimulated human aortic endothelial cells (HAOECs), both the MSC EVs and MSC-CM supernatant decreased CAM expression by inhibiting the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NFκB) pathways. In macrophages, the MSC-CM supernatant decreased the lipopolysaccharide-induced increases in M1 marker expression by inhibiting both the MAPK and NFκB pathways and increased the expression of M2 markers by activating the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 pathway. In co-culture, inflamed HAOECs pretreated with MSC-CM supernatant and MSC EVs exhibited decreased monocyte adhesion to HAOECs. In addition, the neutralization of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) in MSC-CM or MSC-CM supernatant attenuated their abilities to suppress monocyte adhesion to HAOECs in co-culture. CONCLUSION MSC-CM ameliorated atherosclerosis in Ldlr-/- mice and suppressed CAM expression and macrophage accumulation in the vascular walls. Humoral factors, including HGF and EVs from MSCs, hold promise as therapeutic agents to reduce the residual risk of coronary artery diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshimasa Takafuji
- Department of Molecular Innovation in Lipidology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, 5-7-1 Fujishirodai, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mika Hori
- Department of Molecular Innovation in Lipidology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, 5-7-1 Fujishirodai, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Toshihide Mizuno
- Department of Artificial Organs, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, 5-7-1 Fujishirodai, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mariko Harada-Shiba
- Department of Molecular Innovation in Lipidology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, 5-7-1 Fujishirodai, Suita, Osaka, Japan
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Malinina A, Dikeman D, Westbrook R, Moats M, Gidner S, Poonyagariyagorn H, Walston J, Neptune ER. IL10 deficiency promotes alveolar enlargement and lymphoid dysmorphogenesis in the aged murine lung. Aging Cell 2020; 19:e13130. [PMID: 32170906 PMCID: PMC7189990 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The connection between aging-related immune dysfunction and the lung manifestations of aging is poorly understood. A detailed characterization of the aging IL10-deficient murine lung, a model of accelerated aging and frailty, reconciles features of both immunosenescence and lung aging in a coherent model. Airspace enlargement developed in the middle-aged (12 months old) and aged (20-22 months old) IL10-deficient lung punctuated by an expansion of macrophages and alveolar cell apoptosis. Compared to wild-type (WT) controls, the IL10-deficient lungs from young (4-month-old) mice showed increased oxidative stress which was enhanced in both genotypes by aging. Active caspase 3 staining was increased in the alveolar epithelial cells of aged WT and mutant lungs but was greater in the IL10-deficient milieu. Lung macrophages were increased in the aged IL10-deficient lungs with exuberant expression of MMP12. IL10 treatment of naïve and M2-polarized bone marrow-derived WT macrophages reduced MMP12 expression. Conditioned media studies demonstrated the secretome of aged mutant macrophages harbors reduced AECII prosurvival factors, specifically keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), promotes cell death, and reduces survival of primary alveolar epithelial cells. Compared to WT controls, aged IL10-deficient mice have increased parenchymal lymphoid collections comprised of a reduced number of apoptotic cells and B cells. We establish that IL10 is a key modulator of airspace homeostasis and lymphoid morphogenesis in the aging lung enabling macrophage-mediated alveolar epithelial cell survival and B-cell survival within tertiary lymphoid structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alla Malinina
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Baltimore MD USA
| | - Dustin Dikeman
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Baltimore MD USA
| | - Reyhan Westbrook
- Division of Geriatrics Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Baltimore MD USA
| | - Michelle Moats
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Baltimore MD USA
- Departments of Biology and Chemistry and Biochemistry Florida International University Miami FL USA
| | - Sarah Gidner
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Baltimore MD USA
| | | | - Jeremy Walston
- Division of Geriatrics Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Baltimore MD USA
| | - Enid R. Neptune
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Baltimore MD USA
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Hu ZP, Fang XL, Sheng B, Guo Y, Yu YQ. Melatonin inhibits macrophage infiltration and promotes plaque stabilization by upregulating anti-inflammatory HGF/c-Met system in the atherosclerotic rabbit: USPIO-enhanced MRI assessment. Vascul Pharmacol 2020; 127:106659. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2020.106659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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TNF-α and INF-γ primed canine stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles alleviate experimental murine colitis. Sci Rep 2020; 10:2115. [PMID: 32034203 PMCID: PMC7005871 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-58909-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are characterized by relapsing inflammation and immune activation diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. Extracellular vesicles, which elicit similar biological activity to the stem cell themselves, have been used experimentally to treat dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in murine models though immunosuppressive potential. In this study, we investigated whether the Extracellular vesicles (EVs) obtained by stimulating inflammatory cytokine on canine adipose mesenchymal stem cells (cASC) improved anti-inflammatory and/or immunosuppressive potential of EVs, and/or their ability to alleviate inflammation in colitis. We also explored the correlation between immune cells and the inflammatory repressive effect of primed EVs. Pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α and IFN-γ increased immunosuppressive protein such as HGF, TSG-6, PGE2 and TGF-β in EVs. Moreover, the anti-inflammatory effect of EVs was improved through pretreatment with inflammatory cytokines. Importantly, EVs obtained from primed stem cells effectively induced macrophage polarization toward an anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype and suppressed activated immunity by enhancing regulatory T cells in inflamed colon in mice. Our results provide a new and effective therapy for the EVs obtained from ASC stimulated with TNF-α and IFN-γ against not only IBD, but also immune-mediated disease.
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Multipotent Neurotrophic Effects of Hepatocyte Growth Factor in Spinal Cord Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20236078. [PMID: 31810304 PMCID: PMC6928986 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20236078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) results in neural tissue loss and so far untreatable functional impairment. In addition, at the initial injury site, inflammation induces secondary damage, and glial scar formation occurs to limit inflammation-mediated tissue damage. Consequently, it obstructs neural regeneration. Many studies have been conducted in the field of SCI; however, no satisfactory treatment has been established to date. Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is one of the neurotrophic growth factors and has been listed as a candidate medicine for SCI treatment. The highlighted effects of HGF on neural regeneration are associated with its anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic activities. Moreover, HGF exerts positive effects on transplanted stem cell differentiation into neurons. This paper reviews the mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of HGF in SCI recovery, and introduces recent advances in the clinical applications of HGF therapy.
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Nimsanor N, Phetfong J, Kitiyanant N, Kamprom W, Supokawej A. Overexpression of anti-fibrotic factors ameliorates anti-fibrotic properties of Wharton's jelly derived mesenchymal stem cells under oxidative damage. Biosci Trends 2019; 13:411-422. [PMID: 31656260 DOI: 10.5582/bst.2019.01191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Transplantation with Wharton's jelly derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJ-MSCs) showed great benefits for restoring myocardial function. However, the outcome of WJ-MSCs transplantation was unsuccessful due to multiple factors including oxidative damage. The presence of oxidative stress due to myocardium injury influences fibrous tissue formation, which causes disability of cardiac muscle. Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), insulin-like growth factor (IGF1), and sonic hedgehog (SHH) are well-known master regulators in anti-fibrosis when secreted by WJ-MSCs. They showed a beneficial role in the recovery of cardiac fibrosis after WJ-MSCs transplantation. This study hypothesizes whether the reduction of the anti-fibrosis property in WJ-MSCs from oxidative damage can be recovered by overexpression of the HGF, IGF1, or SHH gene. Overexpression was attained by transfection of WJ-MSCs with pCMV3-HGF, pCMV3-IGF1, or pCMV3-SHH followed by H2O2 exposure and co-culturing with cardiac fibroblasts. Myofibroblast specific markers comprised of alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and collagen type 1 (COL1) were evaluated. The WJ-MSCs treated with H2O2 influenced the expression of myofibroblastic markers, whereas the overexpression of HGF, IGF1 or SHH reduced myofibroblastic formation. These results indicate that the oxidative stress impaired anti-fibrotic property of WJ-MSCs, leads to an increase of myofibroblasts. Overexpression of anti-fibrotic genes restored the endogenous HGF, IGF1, and SHH alleviating improvement of cardiac function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natakarn Nimsanor
- Department of Clinical Microscopy, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Jitrada Phetfong
- Center for Research and Innovation, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Narisorn Kitiyanant
- Stem Cell Research Group, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Witchayapon Kamprom
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Applied Technology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Aungkura Supokawej
- Department of Clinical Microscopy, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
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A hepatocyte growth factor/MET-induced antiapoptotic pathway protects against radiation-induced salivary gland dysfunction. Radiother Oncol 2019; 138:9-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2019.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Simondurairaj C, Krishnakumar R, Sundaram S, Venkatraman G. Interleukin-6 Receptor (IL-6R) Expression in Human Gastric Carcinoma and its Clinical Significance. Cancer Invest 2019; 37:293-298. [PMID: 31328584 DOI: 10.1080/07357907.2019.1638395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study is to analyse the expression of Interleukin-6 receptor in different human gastric tissue and to correlate with the clinicopathological features of the patients. Immunohistochemistry was done against the IL-6R antibody and the Q-score was calculated from the staining pattern. Higher Q-scores were observed in tumour cells than the adjacent normal cells which were statistically significant. We also observed a significant correlation between the expressions of IL-6R and the clinicopathological features These findings suggest that IL-6R may represent as a therapeutic target for gastric carcinoma and serve as a prognostic indicator, as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Simondurairaj
- Department of Pathology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University) , Chennai , India
| | - R Krishnakumar
- Department of Pathology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University) , Chennai , India
| | - Sandhya Sundaram
- Department of Pathology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University) , Chennai , India
| | - Ganesh Venkatraman
- Department of Human Genetics, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University) , Chennai , India
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Coudriet GM, Stoops J, Orr AV, Bhushan B, Koral K, Lee S, Previte DM, Dong HH, Michalopoulos GK, Mars WM, Piganelli JD. A Noncanonical Role for Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor Type 1 in Obesity-Induced Diabetes. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2019; 189:1413-1422. [PMID: 31054988 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2019.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a major risk factor for type 2 diabetes because of chronic hepatic inflammation and resultant insulin resistance. Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is responsible for resetting hepatic homeostasis after injury following activation by urokinase-type plasminogen activator (u-PA; encoded by the PLAU gene). Plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 (PAI-1; encoded by the SERPINE1 gene), a u-PA inhibitor and antifibrinolytic agent, is often elevated in obesity and is linked to cardiovascular events. We hypothesized that, in addition to its role in preventing fibrinolysis, elevated PAI-1 inhibits HGF's activation by u-PA and the resultant anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective properties. Wild-type and PAI-1 knockout (KO) mice on a high-fat diet both became significantly heavier than lean controls; however, the obese KO mice demonstrated improved glucose metabolism compared with wild-type mice. Obese KO mice also exhibited an increase in conversion of latent single-chain HGF to active two-chain HGF, coinciding with an increase in the phosphorylation of the HGF receptor (HGFR or MET, encoded by the MET gene), as well as dampened inflammation. These results strongly suggest that, in addition to its other functions, PAI-mediated inhibition of HGF activation prohibits the resolution of inflammation in the context of obesity-induced type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gina M Coudriet
- Department of Surgery, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - John Stoops
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Anne V Orr
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Bharat Bhushan
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Kelly Koral
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Sojin Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Dana M Previte
- Department of Surgery, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - H Henry Dong
- Department of Pediatrics, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - George K Michalopoulos
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Wendy M Mars
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
| | - Jon D Piganelli
- Department of Surgery, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
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Chen H, Erndt-Marino J, Diaz-Rodriguez P, Kulwatno J, Jimenez-Vergara AC, Thibeault SL, Hahn MS. In vitro evaluation of anti-fibrotic effects of select cytokines for vocal fold scar treatment. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2019; 107:1056-1067. [PMID: 30184328 PMCID: PMC7011756 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Scarring of the vocal fold lamina propria (LP) can cause considerable voice disorders due to reduced pliability in scar tissue, attributed in part to abnormal extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition produced by the fibrotic vocal fold fibroblast (fVFF). Cytokines with anti-fibrotic potential have been investigated to limit abnormal LP ECM, but are limited by the need for repeat injections. Moreover, the potentially significant role played by activated macrophages (AMOs) is usually not considered even though the interaction between AMO and fibrotic fibroblasts is known to regulate scar formation across different tissues. AMO are also regulated by cytokines that are used for LP scar removal, but little is known about AMO behaviors in response to these cytokines within the context of LP scar. In the present study, we evaluated anti-fibrotic effects of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), interleukin-10 (IL-10) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in a 3D, in vitro fVFF-AMO co-culture system using poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) hydrogels. Data from all cytokines was synthesized into a heat-map that enabled assessment of specific associations between AMO and fVFF phenotypes. Cumulatively, our results indicated that both HGF and IL-10 are potentially anti-fibrotic (reduction in fibrotic markers and enhancement in normal, anti-fibrotic VFF markers), while IL-6 displays more complex, marker specific effects. Possible associations between AMO and fVFF phenotypes were found and may highlight a potential desirable macrophage phenotype. These data support the therapeutic potential of HGF and IL-10 for LP scar treatment, and shed light on future strategies aimed at targeting specific AMO phenotypes. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 107B: 1056-1067, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York
| | - Josh Erndt-Marino
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York
| | | | - Jonathan Kulwatno
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York
| | | | - Susan L Thibeault
- Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Mariah S. Hahn
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York
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Azevedo PO, Paiva AE, Santos GSP, Lousado L, Andreotti JP, Sena IFG, Tagliati CA, Mintz A, Birbrair A. Cross-talk between lung cancer and bones results in neutrophils that promote tumor progression. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2019; 37:779-790. [PMID: 30203108 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-018-9759-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer mortality around the world. The lack of detailed understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms participating in the lung tumor progression restrains the development of efficient treatments. Recently, by using state-of-the-art technologies, including in vivo sophisticated Cre/loxP technologies in combination with lung tumor models, it was revealed that osteoblasts activate neutrophils that promote tumor growth in the lung. Strikingly, genetic ablation of osteoblasts abolished lung tumor progression via interruption of SiglecFhigh-expressing neutrophils supply to the tumor microenvironment. Interestingly, SiglecFhigh neutrophil signature was associated with worse lung adenocarcinoma patients outcome. This study identifies novel cellular targets for lung cancer treatment. Here, we summarize and evaluate recent advances in our understanding of lung tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick O Azevedo
- Department of Pathology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Ana E Paiva
- Department of Pathology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Gabryella S P Santos
- Department of Pathology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Luiza Lousado
- Department of Pathology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Julia P Andreotti
- Department of Pathology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Isadora F G Sena
- Department of Pathology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Carlos A Tagliati
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Akiva Mintz
- Department of Radiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alexander Birbrair
- Department of Pathology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. .,Department of Radiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
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Elevated plasma levels of hepatocyte growth factor in rats experimentally envenomated with Bothrops jararaca venom: Role of snake venom metalloproteases. Toxicon 2019; 162:9-14. [PMID: 30849454 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2019.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)/c-met pathway, which mainly consists of HGF activator (HGFA) and its substrate HGF, protects various types of cells via anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory signals. Thrombin is the main physiological activator of such plasmatic pathway, and increased plasma concentrations of HGF have been considered as a molecular marker for some pathological conditions, such as disseminated intravascular coagulation. Since thrombin generation is often linked to tissue injury, and these events are common during snake venom-induced consumption coagulopathies (VICC), our goals were to examine whether Bothrops jararaca venom (Bjv), which induces VICC in vivo: (i) activates the HGF/c-met pathway in vivo and (ii) cleaves zymogen forms of HGFA and HGF (proHGFA and proHGF, respectively) in vitro. Two experimental groups (n = 6, each) of male adult Wistar rats were subcutaneously injected with 500 μL of 0.9% NaCl solution (control) or sub-lethal doses (1.6 mg/kg) of Bjv. Three hours after envenomation, whole blood samples were collected from the carotid arteries to evaluate relevant coagulation parameters using rotational thromboelastometry and fibrinogen level (colorimetric assay). Additionally, the plasma concentration of HGF was assayed (ELISA). Thromboelastometric assays showed that blood clotting and fibrin polymerization were severely impaired 3 h after Bjv injection. Total plasma HGF concentrations were almost 6-fold higher in the Bjv-injected group (410.0 ± 91) compared with control values (68 ± 18 pg/mL, p < 0.05). Western blotting assay showed that Bjv processed proHGFA and proHGF, generating bands resembling those generated by thrombin and kallikrein, respectively. In contrast to the serine protease inhibitor 4-(2-aminoethyl)benzenesulfonyl fluoride hydrochloride (AEBSF), the metalloprotease inhibitor ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt (Na2-EDTA) strongly reduced the ability of Bjv to process proHGFA and generated one active band similar to that of thrombin. Since Bjv contains prothrombin and factor X activators, increased intravascular thrombin formation might partly explain the increased HGF levels after bothropic envenomation. In conclusion, these findings suggest that snake venom metalloproteases may be determinant for elevation of plasma levels of HGF in rats experimentally envenomated with Bjv.
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