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Sales I, Vieira-da-Motta O, Tavares A, Ruiz-Miranda CR, de Lencastre H, Miragaia M. Impact of human created environments in the pathogenic potential and antimicrobial resistance of staphylococci from wild neotropical primates in Brazil. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2024; 104:102094. [PMID: 38035481 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2023.102094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
The non-human primate (NHP) Leontopithecus rosalia is an endangered species native of Brazil and lives in forest fragments with different levels of contact with humans (natural, private and urban). Other NHPs - Callithrix spp. - were introduced by humans and co-exist and interact with the native species in these forests. To evaluate if living in or close to human-modified environments could constitute a risk for L. rosalia, we compared the prevalence, genetic background, antibiotic susceptibility and virulence gene content of staphylococci collected from the native and the introduced species from different forest fragments. We found that presence in human-dominated environments increased the colonization rate of L. rosalia with Mammaliicoccus sciuri (former Staphylococcus sciuri) from 18 % to 85 % (p = 0.0001) and of Callithrix spp with Staphylococcus aureus from 6 % to 100 % (p = 0.0001). According to molecular typing data obtained differences probably resulted from dissemination of these bacterial species from the invader NHP species and from humans. Changes in microbiota were paralleled by an increase in the prevalence of Panton-Valentine Leukocidin gene and in resistance to beta-lactams, macrolides and/or lincosamides as exposure to human environment increased. In particular, erythromycin resistance in S. aureus from Callithrix spp. increased from 0 % to 50 % and resistance rate to at least one antibiotic in coagulase-negative staphylococci species from L. rosalia increased from 13 % to 56 % (p = 0.0003). Our results showed that contact of native animal species with human-created environments increased the content of antimicrobial resistant and pathogenic bacteria on their commensal microbiota, which ultimately can impact on their health. IMPORTANCE: Endangered animal species are vulnerable to environmental alterations and human activities have been repeatedly identified as factors driving drastic changes in the natural landscape. It is extremely important to monitor changes in the environment surrounding protected species, because this could lead to early detection of any potential threats. In this study, we found that the contact of L. rosalia - a protected non-human primate from Brazil - with human environments is related to changes in their commensal microbiota. These included an increase in the number of pathogenic and antibiotic resistant bacteria, which have a higher potential to cause infections that are more difficult to treat. We provided evidence for the harmful impact human contact has on L. rosalia. Also, our results suggest that monitoring of commensal microbiota of protected animal species might be a useful way of sensing the risks of protected species to human exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indiara Sales
- Laboratory of Bacterial Evolution and Molecular Epidemiology, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, NOVA University (ITQB-NOVA), Oeiras, Portugal; Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro-UENF, Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Agropecuárias, Laboratório de Sanidade Animal-Setor Doenças Infecto-contagiosas, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Olney Vieira-da-Motta
- Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro-UENF, Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Agropecuárias, Laboratório de Sanidade Animal-Setor Doenças Infecto-contagiosas, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ana Tavares
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, NOVA University (ITQB-NOVA), Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Carlos Ramón Ruiz-Miranda
- Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro-UENF, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Hermínia de Lencastre
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, NOVA University (ITQB-NOVA), Oeiras, Portugal; Laboratory of Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, USA
| | - Maria Miragaia
- Laboratory of Bacterial Evolution and Molecular Epidemiology, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, NOVA University (ITQB-NOVA), Oeiras, Portugal.
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2
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Smelikova E, Drevinek P, Nyc O, Brajerova M, Tkadlec J, Krutova M. To screen or not to screen medical students for carriage of multidrug-resistant pathogens? J Hosp Infect 2023; 140:15-23. [PMID: 37478913 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2023.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The carriage of multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens in medical students has not been studied extensively, despite the fact that they are in contact with patients and exposed to a hospital environment. AIM To investigate the intestinal and nasal carriage of MDR pathogens among medical students and its association with their lifestyle and demographic data. METHODS In 2021, first- and final-year medical students were invited to the study. Two rectal swabs were used for detection of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing, colistin-, tigecycline- or carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria and vancomycin-resistant enterococci. Nasal swab was used for Staphylococcus aureus culture. S. aureus isolates were characterized by spa typing; Gram-negative resistant isolates and meticillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) were subjected to whole-genome short and/or long sequencing. FINDINGS From 178 students, 80 (44.9%) showed nasal carriage of S. aureus; two isolates were MRSA. In rectal swabs, seven ESBL-producing strains were detected. Sixteen students were colonized by colistin-resistant bacteria, three isolates carried the mcr-1 gene (1.7%). The mcr-9 (10.7%, 19/178) and mcr-10 (2.2%, 4/178) genes were detected by quantitative polymerase chain reaction, but only two colistin-susceptible mcr-10-positive isolates were cultured. The S. aureus nasal carriage was negatively associated with antibiotic and probiotic consumption. S. aureus and colistin-resistant bacteria were detected more frequently among students in contact with livestock. CONCLUSION Medical students can be colonized by (multi)drug-resistant bacteria with no difference between first- and final-year students. The participation of students in self-screening increases their awareness of possible colonization by resistant strains and their potential transmission due to poor hand hygiene.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Smelikova
- Department of Medical Microbiology, 2(nd) Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - P Drevinek
- Department of Medical Microbiology, 2(nd) Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - O Nyc
- Department of Medical Microbiology, 2(nd) Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Brajerova
- Department of Medical Microbiology, 2(nd) Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - J Tkadlec
- Department of Medical Microbiology, 2(nd) Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Krutova
- Department of Medical Microbiology, 2(nd) Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic.
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Neves AR, Freitas-Silva J, Durães F, Silva ER, Rodrigues IC, Mergulhão F, Gomes M, Teixeira-Santos R, Bernardes André M, Silva R, Remião F, Pinto E, da Costa PM, Sousa E, Correia da Silva M. Insights into the antimicrobial properties of a cationic steroid and antibiofilm performance in PDMS-based coatings to potentially treat urinary infections. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:8697-8716. [PMID: 37646077 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb01185b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Currently, multidrug-resistant (MDR) infections are one of the most important threats, driving the search for new antimicrobial compounds. Cationic peptide antibiotics (CPAs) and ceragenins (CSAs) contain in their structures cationic groups and adopt a facially amphiphilic conformation, conferring the ability to permeate the membranes of bacteria and fungi. Keeping these features in mind, an amine steroid, DOCA-NH2, was found to be active against reference strains and MDR isolates of Gram-positive Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The compound was active against all the tested microorganisms, having bactericidal and fungicidal activity, displaying minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) between 16 and 128 μg mL-1. No synergy with clinically relevant antibacterial drugs was found. However, the compound was able to completely inhibit the biofilm formation of bacteria exposed to the MIC of the compound. For E. coli and E. faecalis, inhibition of biofilm formation occurred at half the MIC. Besides, DOCA-NH2 inhibited the dimorphic transition of Candida albicans at concentrations 4 times lower than the MIC, and can reduce the microorganism virulence and biofilm formation was significantly reduced at both MIC and half the MIC. Polydimethylsiloxane-based coatings containing DOCA-NH2 (0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 wt%) were prepared and tested against the E. coli biofilm formation under hydrodynamic conditions similar to those prevailing in ureteral stents. A biofilm reduction of approximately 80% was achieved when compared to the control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Rita Neves
- Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
- CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Joana Freitas-Silva
- CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
- ICBAS - Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Fernando Durães
- Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
- CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Elisabete R Silva
- BioISI - BioSystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
- CERENA - Centro de Recursos Naturais e Ambiente, Instituto Superior Técnico, University of Lisbon, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Inês C Rodrigues
- CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
- ICBAS - Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Filipe Mergulhão
- LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
- ALiCE - Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Marisa Gomes
- LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
- ALiCE - Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Rita Teixeira-Santos
- LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
- ALiCE - Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria Bernardes André
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Renata Silva
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Fernando Remião
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Eugénia Pinto
- CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Paulo Martins da Costa
- CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
- ICBAS - Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Emília Sousa
- Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
- CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Marta Correia da Silva
- Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
- CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
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Almeida MC, Szemerédi N, Durães F, Long S, Resende DISP, Martins da Costa P, Pinto M, Spengler G, Sousa E. Effect of Indole-Containing Pyrazino[2,1- b]quinazoline-3,6-diones in the Virulence of Resistant Bacteria. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12050922. [PMID: 37237825 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12050922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance is rising to alarming levels, constituting one of the major threats to global health. The overexpression of efflux pumps and the formation of biofilms constitute two of the most common resistance mechanisms, favoring the virulence of bacteria. Therefore, the research and development of effective antimicrobial agents that can also counteract resistance mechanisms are extremely important. Pyrazino[2,1-b]quinazoline-3,6-diones, from marine and terrestrial organisms and simpler synthetic analogues, were recently disclosed by us as having relevant antimicrobial properties. In this study, using a multi-step approach, it was possible to synthesize new pyrazino[2,1-b]quinazoline-3,6-diones focusing on compounds with fluorine substituents since, to the best of our knowledge, the synthesis of fluorinated fumiquinazoline derivatives had not been attempted before. The new synthesized derivatives were screened for antibacterial activity and, along with previously synthetized pyrazino[2,1-b]quinazoline-3,6-diones, were characterized for their antibiofilm and efflux-pump-inhibiting effects against representative bacterial species and relevant resistant clinical strains. Several compounds showed relevant antibacterial activity against the tested Gram-positive bacterial species with MIC values in the range of 12.5-77 μM. Furthermore, some derivatives showed promising results as antibiofilm agents in a crystal violet assay. The results of the ethidium bromide accumulation assay suggested that some compounds could potentially inhibit bacterial efflux pumps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana C Almeida
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- CIIMAR--Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Nikoletta Szemerédi
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Albert Szent-Gyorgyi Health Center and Albert Szent-Gyorgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Semmelweis utca 6, 6725 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Fernando Durães
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- CIIMAR--Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Solida Long
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Department of Bioengineering, Royal University of Phnom Penh, Russian Confederation Blvd, Phnom Penh 12156, Cambodia
| | - Diana I S P Resende
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- CIIMAR--Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Paulo Martins da Costa
- CIIMAR--Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Madalena Pinto
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- CIIMAR--Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Gabriella Spengler
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Albert Szent-Gyorgyi Health Center and Albert Szent-Gyorgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Semmelweis utca 6, 6725 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Emília Sousa
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- CIIMAR--Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
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Machado FP, Rodrigues IC, Georgopolou A, Gales L, Pereira JA, Costa PM, Mistry S, Hafez Ghoran S, Silva AMS, Dethoup T, Sousa E, Kijjoa A. New Hybrid Phenalenone Dimer, Highly Conjugated Dihydroxylated C 28 Steroid and Azaphilone from the Culture Extract of a Marine Sponge-Associated Fungus, Talaromyces pinophilus KUFA 1767. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:md21030194. [PMID: 36976243 PMCID: PMC10051590 DOI: 10.3390/md21030194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
An undescribed hybrid phenalenone dimer, talaropinophilone (3), an unreported azaphilone, 7-epi-pinazaphilone B (4), an unreported phthalide dimer, talaropinophilide (6), and an undescribed 9R,15S-dihydroxy-ergosta-4,6,8 (14)-tetraen-3-one (7) were isolated together with the previously reported bacillisporins A (1) and B (2), an azaphilone derivative, Sch 1385568 (5), 1-deoxyrubralactone (8), acetylquestinol (9), piniterpenoid D (10) and 3,5-dihydroxy-4-methylphthalaldehydic acid (11) from the ethyl acetate extract of the culture of a marine sponge-derived fungus, Talaromyces pinophilus KUFA 1767. The structures of the undescribed compounds were elucidated by 1D and 2D NMR as well as high-resolution mass spectral analyses. The absolute configuration of C-9' of 1 and 2 was revised to be 9'S using the coupling constant value between C-8' and C-9' and was confirmed by ROESY correlations in the case of 2. The absolute configurations of the stereogenic carbons in 7 and 8 were established by X-ray crystallographic analysis. Compounds 1,2, 4-8, 10 and 11 were tested for antibacterial activity against four reference strains, viz. two Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212) and two Gram-negative (Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853), as well as three multidrug-resistant strains, viz. an extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing E. coli, a methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and a vancomycin-resistant E. faecalis (VRE). However, only 1 and 2 exhibited significant antibacterial activity against both S. aureus ATCC 29213 and MRSA. Moreover, 1 and 2 also significantly inhibited biofilm formation in S. aureus ATCC 29213 at both MIC and 2xMIC concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fátima P Machado
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Inês C Rodrigues
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Aikaterini Georgopolou
- Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Luís Gales
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (i3S-IBMC), Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - José A Pereira
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Paulo M Costa
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Sharad Mistry
- Department of Chemistry, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Salar Hafez Ghoran
- HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Artur M S Silva
- Departamento de Química & QOPNA, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Tida Dethoup
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10240, Thailand
| | - Emília Sousa
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto and CIIMAR, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Anake Kijjoa
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
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6
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Soares I, Rodrigues I, da Costa PM, Gales L. Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Properties of Self-Assembled Dipeptide Nanotubes. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010328. [PMID: 36613773 PMCID: PMC9820700 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Over recent decades, multidrug-resistant pathogens have become a global concern, with WHO even considering it one of the biggest threats to global health, food security, and development today, which led to the search for alternative antibacterial agents. A special class is formed by peptides composed by the diphenylalanine motif whose antibacterial properties result from their supramolecular arrangement into nanotubes. However, several other dipeptides that also form nanotubes have been largely overlooked. Here, we present the antibacterial activity of four dipeptide nanotubes. The results point to diverse mechanisms through which dipeptide nanotubes exert their effect against bacteria. Antibacterial activity was similar for dipeptide nanotubes sufficiently wide to allow water flux while dipeptides displaying smaller channels were inactive. This suggests that two of the tested dipeptides, L-Phe-L-Phe (FF, diphenylalanine) and L-Leu-L-Ser (LS), are pore forming structures able to induce membrane permeation and affect cellular hydration and integrity. Of these two dipeptides, only FF demonstrated potential to inhibit biofilm formation. The amyloid-like nature and hydrophobicity of diphenylalanine assemblies are probably responsible for their adhesion to cell surfaces preventing biofilm formation and bacteria attachment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Soares
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- IBMC—Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Inês Rodrigues
- CIIMAR—Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Avenida General Norton de Matos, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
- ICBAS—Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Paulo Martins da Costa
- CIIMAR—Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Avenida General Norton de Matos, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
- ICBAS—Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Luís Gales
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- IBMC—Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS—Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence:
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7
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New Chalcone-Triazole Hybrids with Promising Antimicrobial Activity in Multidrug Resistance Strains. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214291. [PMID: 36430768 PMCID: PMC9697807 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistance to antibiotics is an emerging problem worldwide, which leads to an increase in morbidity and mortality rates. Several mechanisms are attributed to bacterial resistance, overexpression of efflux pumps being one of the most prominent. As an attempt to develop new effective antimicrobial drugs, which could be able to act against resistant bacterial strains and considering the antimicrobial potential of flavonoids and triazolyl flavonoid derivatives, in particular chalcones, a small library of chalcone derivatives was synthesized and evaluated for its potential to act as antimicrobials and/or adjuvants in combination with antibiotics towards resistant bacteria. Although only compound 7 was able to act as antibacterial, compounds 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, and 9 revealed to be able to potentiate the activity of antibiotics in resistant bacteria. Moreover, five compounds (3, 5-8) demonstrated to be effective inhibitors of efflux pumps in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium SL1344, and four compounds (1, 3, 7, and 10) showed higher ability than reserpine to inhibit biofilm formation of resistant Staphylococcus aureus 272123. Together, our results showed the potential of these compounds regarding reversion of bacterial resistance.
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Machado FP, Rodrigues IC, Gales L, Pereira JA, Costa PM, Dethoup T, Mistry S, Silva AMS, Vasconcelos V, Kijjoa A. New Alkylpyridinium Anthraquinone, Isocoumarin, C-Glucosyl Resorcinol Derivative and Prenylated Pyranoxanthones from the Culture of a Marine Sponge-Associated Fungus, Aspergillus stellatus KUFA 2017. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:672. [PMID: 36354995 PMCID: PMC9696483 DOI: 10.3390/md20110672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
An unreported isocoumarin, (3S,4R)-4-hydroxy-6-methoxymellein (2), an undescribed propylpyridinium anthraquinone (4), and an unreported C-glucosyl resorcinol derivative, acetyl carnemycin E (5c), were isolated, together with eight previously reported metabolites including p-hydroxybenzaldehyde (1), 1,3-dimethoxy-8-hydroxy-6-methylanthraquinone (3a), 1,3-dimethoxy-2,8-dihydroxy-6-methylanthraquinone (3b), emodin (3c), 5[(3E,5E)-nona-3,5-dien-1-yl]benzene (5a), carnemycin E (5b), tajixanthone hydrate (6a) and 15-acetyl tajixanthone hydrate (6b), from the ethyl acetate extract of the culture of a marine sponge-derived fungus, Aspergillus stellatus KUFA 2017. The structures of the undescribed compounds were elucidated by 1D and 2D NMR and high resolution mass spectral analyses. In the case of 2, the absolute configurations of the stereogenic carbons were determined by comparison of their calculated and experimental electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra. The absolute configurations of the stereogenic carbons in 6a and 6b were also determined, for the first time, by X-ray crystallographic analysis. Compounds 2, 3a, 3b, 4, 5a, 5b, 5c, 6a, and 6b were assayed for antibacterial activity against four reference strains, viz. two Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212) and two Gram-negative (Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853), as well as three multidrug-resistant strains. However, only 5a exhibited significant antibacterial activity against both reference and multidrug-resistant strains. Compound 5a also showed antibiofilm activity against both reference strains of Gram-positive bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fátima P. Machado
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Inês C. Rodrigues
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Luís Gales
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (i3S-IBMC), Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - José A. Pereira
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Paulo M. Costa
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Tida Dethoup
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10240, Thailand
| | - Sharad Mistry
- Department of Chemistry, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE 7 RH, UK
| | - Artur M. S. Silva
- Departamento de Química & QOPNA, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Vitor Vasconcelos
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
- FCUP-Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Anake Kijjoa
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
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Madsen AM, White JK, Nielsen JL, Keskin ME, Tendal K, Frederiksen MW. A cross sectional study on airborne inhalable microorganisms, endotoxin, and particles in pigeon coops - Risk assessment of exposure. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 204:112404. [PMID: 34838572 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Pigeon breeding is associated with symptoms of the airways. The aim of this study is to illuminate the bacteriological and toxicological characteristics of airborne dust in pigeon coops. Airborne dust was sampled in 31 urban pigeon coops with homing and fancy pigeons, and following the dust was characterized. In total 141 different bacterial species were identified using MALDI-TOF MS, and of these 11 species are classified in risk group 2. Of the cultivable bacteria, Staphylococcus equorum was present in the highest concentration. Microorganisms in the dust were able to form biofilm, and the amount correlated positively with the number of bacteria. Next generation sequencing showed 180 genera with Acinetobacter in highest reads. On average 999 ± 225 ZOTUs were observed per sample with a Shannon-Wiener biodiversity index of 6.17 ± 0.24. Of the identified species the following have previously been suggested as causative agents of extrinsic allergic alveolitis: Alcaligenes faecalis, Bacillus subtilis, Pantoea agglomerans, Sphingobacterium spiritivorum, Thermoactinomyces sp., and Streptomyces albus. Staphylococcus was present on particles with sizes between 1.1 and > 7.0 μm with a geometric mean diameter of particles on 4.7 ± 1.1 μm. Concentrations of airborne endotoxin and dust were elevated compared to references, and the geometric mean concentrations were 102 EU/m3 and 1.07 mg dust/m3, respectively. Upon exposure to the airborne dust human granulocytes produced Reactive Oxidative Species during the first 5 min, and then no further reaction was observed. The concentrations of bacteria in general, Staphylococcus spp., and endotoxin and biodiversity were associated significantly with season, temperature and/or relative humidity, but not with type or density of pigeons. The bacterial composition and biodiversity indices were not affected by type of pigeon. In conclusion, the exposure to bacteria and endotoxin in pigeon houses should not be neglected in the evaluation of causative agents of airways symptoms among pigeon breeders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Mette Madsen
- The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - John Kerr White
- The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Fredrik Bajers Vej 7H, 9220, Aalborg Ø, Denmark; Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Division of Clinical Microbiology, Karolinska Institute and Karolinska University Hospital, 17176, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jeppe Lund Nielsen
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Fredrik Bajers Vej 7H, 9220, Aalborg Ø, Denmark
| | - Mehmet Emin Keskin
- The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kira Tendal
- The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
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de Sá JDM, Pereira JA, Dethoup T, Cidade H, Sousa ME, Rodrigues IC, Costa PM, Mistry S, Silva AMS, Kijjoa A. Anthraquinones, Diphenyl Ethers, and Their Derivatives from the Culture of the Marine Sponge-Associated Fungus Neosartorya spinosa KUFA 1047. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19080457. [PMID: 34436296 PMCID: PMC8401666 DOI: 10.3390/md19080457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Previously unreported anthraquinone, acetylpenipurdin A (4), biphenyl ether, neospinosic acid (6), dibenzodioxepinone, and spinolactone (7) were isolated, together with (R)-6-hydroxymellein (1), penipurdin A (2), acetylquestinol (3), tenellic acid C (5), and vermixocin A (8) from the culture of a marine sponge-associated fungus Neosartorya spinosa KUFA1047. The structures of the previously unreported compounds were established based on an extensive analysis of 1D and 2D NMR spectra as well as HRMS data. The absolute configurations of the stereogenic centers of 5 and 7 were established unambiguously by comparing their calculated and experimental electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra. Compounds 2 and 5–8 were tested for their in vitro acetylcholinesterase and tyrosinase inhibitory activities as well as their antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative reference, and multidrug-resistant strains isolated from the environment. The tested compounds were also evaluated for their capacity to inhibit biofilm formation in the reference strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana D. M. de Sá
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (J.D.M.d.S.); (H.C.); (M.E.S.)
| | - José A. Pereira
- ICBAS—Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (J.A.P.); (I.C.R.); (P.M.C.)
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Lexões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Tida Dethoup
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10240, Thailand;
| | - Honorina Cidade
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (J.D.M.d.S.); (H.C.); (M.E.S.)
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Lexões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Maria Emília Sousa
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (J.D.M.d.S.); (H.C.); (M.E.S.)
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Lexões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Inês C. Rodrigues
- ICBAS—Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (J.A.P.); (I.C.R.); (P.M.C.)
| | - Paulo M. Costa
- ICBAS—Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (J.A.P.); (I.C.R.); (P.M.C.)
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Lexões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Sharad Mistry
- Department of Chemistry, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE 7RH, UK;
| | - Artur M. S. Silva
- Departamento de Química & QOPNA, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
| | - Anake Kijjoa
- ICBAS—Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (J.A.P.); (I.C.R.); (P.M.C.)
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Lexões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-22-042-8331; Fax: +351-22-206-2232
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11
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Machado FP, Kumla D, Pereira JA, Sousa E, Dethoup T, Freitas-Silva J, Costa PM, Mistry S, Silva AMS, Kijjoa A. Prenylated phenylbutyrolactones from cultures of a marine sponge-associated fungus Aspergillus flavipes KUFA1152. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2021; 185:112709. [PMID: 33636575 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2021.112709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Four undescribed prenylated phenylbutyrolactones, aspulvinones R, S, T and U, were isolated together with the previously reported aspulvinones A, B', H and 4-hydroxy-3,5-bis(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)benzaldehyde, from cultures of the marine sponge-derived fungus Aspergillus flavipes KUFA1152. The structures of the undescribed compounds were established on the basis of extensive analysis of 1D and 2D NMR and HRMS spectra. In the case of aspulvinone T, the absolute configuration of its stereogenic carbon was established by comparison of the experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra. The structure of the previously reported compounds were elucidated by 1D and 2D NMR analysis as well as comparison of their 1H or/and 13C NMR data with those reported in the literature. Aspulvinones B', H, R, S, T and a mixture of aspulvinones A and U exhibited antibacterial activity against reference strains and multidrug-resistant isolates from the environment as well as capacity to inhibit biofilm formation in the reference strains. However, none of the tested compounds showed potential synergy with clinically relevant antibiotics on multidrug-resistant isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fátima P Machado
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal; Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal.
| | - Decha Kumla
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal; Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal.
| | - José A Pereira
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal; Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal.
| | - Emilia Sousa
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal; Laboratório de Química Orgânica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Tida Dethoup
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10240, Thailand.
| | - Joana Freitas-Silva
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal; Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal.
| | - Paulo M Costa
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal; Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal.
| | - Sharad Mistry
- Department of Chemistry, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester, LE 7 RH, UK.
| | - Artur M S Silva
- Departamento de Química & QOPNA, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Anake Kijjoa
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal; Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal.
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Bacterial growth and recovery on hospital biometric devices: effect of two types of disinfectants. Porto Biomed J 2021; 6:e088. [PMID: 33884315 PMCID: PMC8055484 DOI: 10.1097/j.pbj.0000000000000088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: The aim of the study was to evaluate the presence of bacterial contamination on biometric identification devices in a public hospital; identify the species of bacteria implicated in the contamination and assess bacterial recovery after the use of 2 types of disinfectants: alcohol 70% and isopropyl alcohol chlorhexidine. Design: Before and after trial. Setting: Public hospital, tertiary referral center. Participants: All existing biometric identification devices in the hospital (n = 20). Methods: Collection of 2 microbiological samples from the fingerprint reading surface of biometric devices immediately before and after applying the solution with alcohol 70% and in separate time periods with isopropyl alcohol chlorhexidine. Results: It have been identified 21 different bacterial species in a total of 78 samples, mostly Staphylococcus epidermidis (32 samples) and S aureus (7 samples). S epidermidis was eliminated in 61.5% of the samples after disinfecting with alcohol 70% and in 92.3% of the samples disinfected with isopropyl alcohol chlorhexidine. S aureus was eliminated in 33.3% and 100% of the samples, respectively. We found no bacterial growth in 10% of the devices after disinfection with 70% alcohol and in 78.9% of devices after disinfection with isopropyl alcohol chlorhexidine. We also found that there was a decrease in the frequency of species isolated after using both disinfection solutions, although isopropyl alcohol chlorhexidine appeared to be more effective. Conclusions: The biometric identification devices used in this hospital seem to be safe regardless of the products used for its cleaning. The majority of the bacteria found are commensal skin microorganisms. We did not find pathogenic bacteria for immunocompetent individuals, in particular methicillin-resistant S aureus.
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Kumla D, Sousa E, Marengo A, Dethoup T, Pereira JA, Gales L, Freitas-Silva J, Costa PM, Mistry S, Silva AMS, Kijjoa A. 1,3-Dioxepine and spiropyran derivatives of viomellein and other dimeric naphthopyranones from cultures of Aspergillus elegans KUFA0015 and their antibacterial activity. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2021; 181:112575. [PMID: 33166747 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2020.112575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Two undescribed viomellein derivatives, xanthoelegansin and spiroxanthoelegansin, were isolated together with clavatol, sitosteanone, vioxanthin, xanthomegnin, viomellein, rubrosulphin, rubrosulphin diacetate, viopurpurin , ochratoxin A, ochratoxin A methyl ester, ochratoxin B and ochratoxin β, from cultures of the marine sponge-associated fungus Aspergillus elegans KUFA0015. The structures of the undescribed compounds were established based on an extensive analysis of 1D and 2D NMR spectra as well as HRMS data. The structure of xanthoelegansin and the absolute configuration of its stereogenic carbons were confirmed by X-ray analysis. The change in conformation of xanthoelegansin was interpreted using quantum mechanical theoretical calculation data in combination with the observation of the change of the proton signals of the 1,3-dioxepine ring in 1HNMR spectra at varying temperatures. The mechanisms of the formation of xanthoelegansin and spiroxanthoelegansin from viomellein were proposed. Clavatol, sitosteanone, vioxanthin, xanthomegnin, viomellein, xanthoelegansin, rubrosulphin, rubrosulphin diacetate, ochratoxin A, ochratoxin A methyl ester, ochratoxin B and ochratoxin β were assayed for their antibacterial activity against reference strains and multidrug-resistant isolates from the environment. The tested compounds were also evaluated for their capacity to inhibit biofilm formation in the reference strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Decha Kumla
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal; Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal.
| | - Emilia Sousa
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal; Laboratório de Química Orgânica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Alessia Marengo
- Department of Drug Sciences, Università di Pávia, C. So strada Nuova 65, 27100, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Tida Dethoup
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10240, Thailand.
| | - José A Pereira
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal; Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal.
| | - Luís Gales
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal; Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (i3S-IBMC), Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Joana Freitas-Silva
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal; Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal.
| | - Paulo M Costa
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal; Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal.
| | - Sharad Mistry
- Department of Chemistry, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester, LE 7 RH, UK.
| | - Artur M S Silva
- Departamento de Química & QOPNA, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Anake Kijjoa
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal; Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal.
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Jaradat ZW, Ababneh QO, Sha’aban ST, Alkofahi AA, Assaleh D, Al Shara A. Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus and public fomites: a review. Pathog Glob Health 2020; 114:426-450. [PMID: 33115375 PMCID: PMC7759291 DOI: 10.1080/20477724.2020.1824112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus genus is a Gram-positive coccus normally associated with skin and mucous membranes of warm-blooded animals. It is part of the commensal human microflora, or found in animals, or contaminating surfaces in the community and hospital settings. Staphylococcus aureus is the most pathogenic species belonging to this genus, as it possesses a collection of virulence factors that are expressed solely to evade the immune system. The increase in the misuse of antimicrobial agents predisposed S. aureus to develop antibiotic resistance, including the resistance to methicillin which led to the emergence of Methicillin-Resistant S. aureus (MRSA). MRSA is considered one of the most dangerous nosocomial pathogens causing many hard to treat infections in hospitals and was named as Hospital Associated MRSA (HA-MRSA). Over the past 20-25 years, MRSA was isolated from community settings and thus Community Associated MRSA (CA-MRSA) has emerged. Inside hospitals, MRSA has been isolated from fomites in contact with patients, as well as staff's protective and personal items. This review highlights the worldwide prevalence of MRSA on fomites within the contexts of hospital and community settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziad W Jaradat
- Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | | | - Sherin T Sha’aban
- Department of Applied Biological Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Ayesha A Alkofahi
- Department of Applied Biological Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Duaa Assaleh
- Department of Applied Biological Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Anan Al Shara
- Department of Applied Biological Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
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15
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Salgueiro V, Manageiro V, Bandarra NM, Ferreira E, Clemente L, Caniça M. Genetic Relatedness and Diversity of Staphylococcus aureus from Different Reservoirs: Humans and Animals of Livestock, Poultry, Zoo, and Aquaculture. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8091345. [PMID: 32899267 PMCID: PMC7564200 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8091345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The main aim of this study was the characterization of antibiotic resistance mechanisms in 82 Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from humans and animals. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed on all S. aureus isolates accordingly, and antibiotic-resistant genes were investigated by genotypic methods. The genetic diversity of S. aureus was studied through spa, multilocus sequence typing (MLST), and agr typing methods. The majority of S. aureus from human sources were resistant to cefoxitin (and harbor the mecA gene) and fluoroquinolones, whereas only four strains of S. aureus from animal sources revealed resistance to ciprofloxacin. In the set of S. aureus isolated from humans, the most frequent spa, MLST, and agr group were t032, ST22, and I, respectively. In strains from animal origin the most common spa, MLST, and agr group found were t2383, ST398, and III/not typable, respectively. S. aureus from humans and animals were identified either in clonal complexes CC5, CC30, and CC398, suggesting that they have the same putative founder in their evolution. Considering the three CCs encompassing strains from human and animal reservoirs with different spa-types, we can hypothesize that this might reflect an adaptation to different phylogenetic lineages in those reservoirs (host species) probably associated to genetic diversification of pre-existing strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Salgueiro
- National Reference Laboratory of Antibiotic Resistances and Healthcare Associated Infections (NRL-AMR-HAI), Department of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge, 1649-016 Lisbon, Portugal; (V.S.); (V.M.); (E.F.)
- Centre for the Studies of Animal Science, Institute of Agrarian and Agri-Food Sciences and Technologies, Oporto University, 4051-401 Oporto, Portugal
| | - Vera Manageiro
- National Reference Laboratory of Antibiotic Resistances and Healthcare Associated Infections (NRL-AMR-HAI), Department of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge, 1649-016 Lisbon, Portugal; (V.S.); (V.M.); (E.F.)
- Centre for the Studies of Animal Science, Institute of Agrarian and Agri-Food Sciences and Technologies, Oporto University, 4051-401 Oporto, Portugal
| | - Narcisa M. Bandarra
- Divisão de Aquacultura, Valorização e Bioprospeção, Departamento do Mar e Recursos Marinhos, Instituto Português do Mar e da Atmosfera, 1749-077 Lisboa, Portugal;
| | - Eugénia Ferreira
- National Reference Laboratory of Antibiotic Resistances and Healthcare Associated Infections (NRL-AMR-HAI), Department of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge, 1649-016 Lisbon, Portugal; (V.S.); (V.M.); (E.F.)
- Centre for the Studies of Animal Science, Institute of Agrarian and Agri-Food Sciences and Technologies, Oporto University, 4051-401 Oporto, Portugal
| | - Lurdes Clemente
- INIAV–Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal;
| | - Manuela Caniça
- National Reference Laboratory of Antibiotic Resistances and Healthcare Associated Infections (NRL-AMR-HAI), Department of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge, 1649-016 Lisbon, Portugal; (V.S.); (V.M.); (E.F.)
- Centre for the Studies of Animal Science, Institute of Agrarian and Agri-Food Sciences and Technologies, Oporto University, 4051-401 Oporto, Portugal
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-217-519-246
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16
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White JK, Nielsen JL, Larsen CM, Madsen AM. Impact of dust on airborne Staphylococcus aureus’ viability, culturability, inflammogenicity, and biofilm forming capacity. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2020; 230:113608. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2020.113608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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17
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Long S, Resende DISP, Palmeira A, Kijjoa A, Silva AMS, Tiritan ME, Pereira-Terra P, Freitas-Silva J, Barreiro S, Silva R, Remião F, Pinto E, Martins da Costa P, Sousa E, Pinto MMM. New marine-derived indolymethyl pyrazinoquinazoline alkaloids with promising antimicrobial profiles. RSC Adv 2020; 10:31187-31204. [PMID: 35520644 PMCID: PMC9056383 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra05319h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the emergence of multidrug-resistant pathogenic microorganisms, the search for novel antimicrobials is urgent. Inspired by marine alkaloids, a series of indolomethyl pyrazino [1,2-b]quinazoline-3,6-diones was prepared using a one-pot microwave-assisted multicomponent polycondensation of amino acids. The compounds were evaluated for their antimicrobial activity against a panel of nine bacterial strains and five fungal strains. Compounds 26 and 27 were the most effective against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 reference strain with MIC values of 4 μg mL−1, and a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolate with MIC values of 8 μg mL−1. It was possible to infer that enantiomer (−)-26 was responsible for the antibacterial activity (MIC 4 μg mL−1) while (+)-26 had no activity. Furthermore, compound (−)-26 was able to impair S. aureus biofilm production and no significant cytotoxicity towards differentiated and non-differentiated SH-SY5Y cells was observed. Compounds 26, 28, and 29 showed a weak antifungal activity against Trichophyton rubrum clinical isolate with MIC 128 μg mL−1 and presented a synergistic effect with fluconazole. Indolomethyl pyrazino [1,2-b]quinazoline-3,6-diones were prepared using a one-pot multicomponent polycondensation of amino acids and were evaluated for their antimicrobial activity against a panel of nine bacterial strains and five fungal strains.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Solida Long
- LQOF - Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228 4050-313 Porto Portugal
| | - Diana I S P Resende
- LQOF - Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228 4050-313 Porto Portugal .,CIIMAR - Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões Av. General Norton de Matos S/N 4450-208 Matosinhos Portugal
| | - Andreia Palmeira
- LQOF - Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228 4050-313 Porto Portugal .,CIIMAR - Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões Av. General Norton de Matos S/N 4450-208 Matosinhos Portugal
| | - Anake Kijjoa
- CIIMAR - Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões Av. General Norton de Matos S/N 4450-208 Matosinhos Portugal.,ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228 4050-313 Porto Portugal
| | - Artur M S Silva
- QOPNA - Química Orgânica, Produtos Naturais e Agroalimentares, Departamento de Química, Universidade de Aveiro 3810-193 Aveiro Portugal
| | - Maria Elizabeth Tiritan
- LQOF - Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228 4050-313 Porto Portugal .,CIIMAR - Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões Av. General Norton de Matos S/N 4450-208 Matosinhos Portugal.,CESPU, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde (IINFACTS) Rua Central de Gandra, 1317 4585-116 Gandra PRD Portugal
| | - Patrícia Pereira-Terra
- CIIMAR - Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões Av. General Norton de Matos S/N 4450-208 Matosinhos Portugal.,ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228 4050-313 Porto Portugal
| | - Joana Freitas-Silva
- CIIMAR - Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões Av. General Norton de Matos S/N 4450-208 Matosinhos Portugal.,ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228 4050-313 Porto Portugal
| | - Sandra Barreiro
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Laboratório de Toxicologia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228 4050-313 Porto Portugal
| | - Renata Silva
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Laboratório de Toxicologia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228 4050-313 Porto Portugal
| | - Fernando Remião
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Laboratório de Toxicologia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228 4050-313 Porto Portugal
| | - Eugénia Pinto
- CIIMAR - Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões Av. General Norton de Matos S/N 4450-208 Matosinhos Portugal.,Laboratório de Microbiologia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228 4050-313 Porto Portugal
| | - Paulo Martins da Costa
- CIIMAR - Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões Av. General Norton de Matos S/N 4450-208 Matosinhos Portugal.,ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228 4050-313 Porto Portugal
| | - Emília Sousa
- LQOF - Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228 4050-313 Porto Portugal .,CIIMAR - Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões Av. General Norton de Matos S/N 4450-208 Matosinhos Portugal
| | - Madalena M M Pinto
- LQOF - Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228 4050-313 Porto Portugal .,CIIMAR - Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões Av. General Norton de Matos S/N 4450-208 Matosinhos Portugal
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18
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Synthesis of a Small Library of Nature-Inspired Xanthones and Study of Their Antimicrobial Activity. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25102405. [PMID: 32455828 PMCID: PMC7287773 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25102405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of thirteen xanthones 3–15 was prepared based on substitutional (appendage) diversity reactions. The series was structurally characterized based on their spectral data and HRMS, and the structures of xanthone derivatives 1, 7, and 8 were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. This series, along with an in-house series of aminated xanthones 16–33, was tested for in-vitro antimicrobial activity against seven bacterial (including two multidrug-resistant) strains and five fungal strains. 1-(Dibromomethyl)-3,4-dimethoxy-9H-xanthen-9-one (7) and 1-(dibromomethyl)-3,4,6-trimethoxy-9H-xanthen-9-one (8) exhibited antibacterial activity against all tested strains. In addition, 3,4-dihydroxy-1-methyl-9H-xanthen-9-one (3) revealed a potent inhibitory effect on the growth of dermatophyte clinical strains (T. rubrum FF5, M. canis FF1 and E. floccosum FF9), with a MIC of 16 µg/mL for all the tested strains. Compounds 3 and 26 showed a potent inhibitory effect on two C. albicans virulence factors: germ tube and biofilm formation.
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19
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Idris A, Cutler RR. The presence of multidrug-resistant staphylococcal isolates outside of a major hospital in London, United Kingdom. Cent Eur J Public Health 2020; 27:340-344. [PMID: 31951696 DOI: 10.21101/cejph.a5000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Revised: 06/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Drug-resistant staphylococci have been a growing threat to the community and hospitals due to the misuse of antibiotics by humans, industrialisation and lack of novel antimicrobials currently available. Little is known about the prevalence of drug-resistant staphylococci in non-healthcare environments outside hospitals in the London area. Staphylococci can spread via contact with contaminated objects. Traffic light buttons present a fast and easy transmission route for staphylococci. METHODS Traffic light buttons outside a major hospital in London were swabbed and cultured onto selective media to isolate staphylococci bacteria before performing antimicrobial susceptibility testing on the isolates. The identity of the isolates were determined using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry (MS). Staphylococci isolates resistant to oxacillin were further tested for minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). PCR analysis of the mecA gene, a gene that confers resistance to oxacillin, is used to determine the level of resistance to oxacillin. RESULTS Eight different staphylococcal species were identified by MALDI-TOF-MS analysis. Out of the 66 staphylococci isolates, 16 were resistant to multiple antibiotics including six isolates which were oxacillin resistant. CONCLUSION This work provides evidence of the presence of multidrug-resistant staphylococci in the vicinity of the hospital environment in London.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adi Idris
- PAPRSB Institute of Health Sciences, Brunei Darussalam University, Brunei Darussalam.,Menzies Institute of Health Queensland, School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, Australia
| | - Ron R Cutler
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
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20
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Fontes T, Manso MC, Prata JC, Carvalho M, Silva C, Barros N. Exposure to BTEX in buses: The influence of vehicle fuel type. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 255:113100. [PMID: 31542674 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Diesel-fueled buses have been replaced by Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) to minimize the high level of emissions in urban areas. However, differences in indoor exposure levels to Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene and Xylene (BTEX) in those vehicles have not been investigated so far. The primary aim of this study was to determine if passengers are exposed to different BTEX levels when using buses powered by CNG or by diesel, and further explore if indoor levels are influenced by external air quality. For this purpose, BTEX air concentrations were measured in bus cabins (CNG and diesel), parking stations and in a background urban area using passive air samplers. Results showed that BTEX concentrations inside vehicles were higher than outside, but no significant differences were found between buses powered by CNG or by diesel. In CNG vehicles, high and significant positive correlation was found between benzene and the number of journeys in the same route (rs = 0.786, p < 0.05), vehicle operating time (rs = 0.738, p < 0.05), exposure time (rs = 0.714, p < 0.05) and exposure index (rs = 0.738, p < 0.05), but this was not observed for diesel vehicles. Benzene in bus cabins was found to be significantly below reference value for human health protection. However, excepting p-xylene, all other aromatic pollutants have a mean concentration significantly above the lowest effect level (p ≤ 0.002 for all comparisons). Additionally, higher BTEX levels in cabin buses than in outdoor air suggest the presence of other emission sources in indoor cabins. These findings emphasize the need for further studies to fully characterize indoor emission sources in order to minimize the negative impact of BTEX exposure to human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tânia Fontes
- INESC TEC - INESC Technology and Science, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
| | - M Conceição Manso
- FP-ENAS - UFP Energy, Environment and Health Research Unit, University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal; LAQV, REQUIMTE, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Faculty of Health Sciences, University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana C Prata
- FP-ENAS - UFP Energy, Environment and Health Research Unit, University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal; Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM) & Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Márcia Carvalho
- FP-ENAS - UFP Energy, Environment and Health Research Unit, University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal; Faculty of Health Sciences, University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal; UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Cláudia Silva
- FP-ENAS - UFP Energy, Environment and Health Research Unit, University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal; Faculty of Health Sciences, University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal
| | - Nelson Barros
- FP-ENAS - UFP Energy, Environment and Health Research Unit, University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal; Faculty of Science and Technology, University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal
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Emergence of community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus EMRSA-15 clone as the predominant cause of diabetic foot ulcer infections in Portugal. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2019; 39:179-186. [PMID: 31599357 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-019-03709-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) are often found in infected diabetic foot ulcers, in which the prevalence may reach 40%. These complications are one of the main causes of morbidity in diabetic patients. The objectives of this study were to investigate the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of MRSA strains in infected diabetic foot ulcers and to characterize their genetic lineages. Samples collected from 42 type 2 diabetic patients, presenting infected foot ulcers, were seeded onto ORSAB plates with 2 mg/L of oxacillin for MRSA isolation. Susceptibility to 14 antimicrobial agents was tested by the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. The presence of resistance genes, virulence factors, and the immune evasion cluster system was studied by PCR. All isolates were characterized by MLST, accessory gene regulator (agr), spa, and staphylococcal chromosomal cassette mec (SCCmec) typing. Twenty-five MRSA strains were isolated. All isolates showed resistance to penicillin and cefoxitin. Sixteen isolates showed phenotypic resistance to erythromycin being 7 co-resistant to clindamycin. Resistance to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole was found in 2 isolates harboring the dfrA and dfrG genes. The IEC genes were detected in 80% of isolates, 16 of which were ascribed to IEC-type B. Isolates were assigned to 12 different spa types. The MLST analysis grouped the isolates into 7 sequence types being the majority (68%) ascribed to SCCmec type IV. In this study, there was a high prevalence of the EMRSA-15 clone presenting multiple resistances in diabetic foot ulcers making these infections complicated to treat leading to a higher morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients.
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Conceição T, Martins H, Rodrigues S, de Lencastre H, Aires-de-Sousa M. Staphylococcus aureus nasal carriage among homeless population in Lisbon, Portugal. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2019; 38:2037-2044. [PMID: 31332610 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-019-03638-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) nasal carriage is a major risk factor for infection, namely among populations in the community with inherent prompting factors, such as the homeless. In Portugal, there are no data on S. aureus/MRSA nasal carriage among the homeless community. A total of 84 homeless individuals living in Lisbon (34 with no permanent address and 50 living in shelter) were nasally screened for S. aureus/ MRSA. All isolates were characterized to determine antimicrobial susceptibility and clonal type. A total of 43 (51.2%) S. aureus carriers were identified, including a single individual colonized with MRSA (1.2%). S. aureus carriage rate was higher among individuals with no permanent address (58.8% versus 46%), younger (45.7 ± 12.7 versus 52.5 ± 10.8 years), and with diagnosis of asthma (9% versus 0%). The single MRSA belonged to the EMRSA-15 clone (PFGE D, ST15-SCCmec IVh, and spa type t790). Almost half of the methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) isolates (41.9%, n = 18) belonged to two major clones, ST398-t1451 (n = 13) and ST30-t399/t11980/t12808 associated with PFGE I (n = 5). A high proportion of isolates showed non-susceptibility to mupirocin (64%), erythromycin (45%), and fusidic acid (20%) and induced resistance to clindamycin (39%). None of the isolates harboured PVL. Our results suggest that the homeless population of Lisbon does not constitute a reservoir of MRSA in the community, but harbour the highly transmissible ST398-t1451 MSSA lineage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Conceição
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier (ITQB-NOVA), Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal.
| | - Hugo Martins
- Unidade de Atendimento Urgente Adultos, Hospital Lusíadas Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,Urgência Geral, Hospital Prof. Doutor Fernando da Fonseca, Amadora, Lisbon, Portugal.,Departamento Formação, Investigação e Planeamento, VOXLisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Suzilaine Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier (ITQB-NOVA), Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Hermínia de Lencastre
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier (ITQB-NOVA), Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal.,Laboratory of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, USA
| | - Marta Aires-de-Sousa
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier (ITQB-NOVA), Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal.,Escola Superior de Saúde da Cruz Vermelha Portuguesa (ESSCVP), Lisbon, Portugal
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23
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Xu Z, Liu S, Chen L, Liu Y, Tan L, Shen J, Zhang W. Antimicrobial resistance and molecular characterization of methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci from public shared bicycles in Tianjin, China. J Glob Antimicrob Resist 2019; 19:231-235. [PMID: 30910743 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2019.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) have emerged as one of the major nosocomial pathogens, and antimicrobial resistance has aggravated the problem. Sixteen million public shared bicycles (PSBs) were launched in China, and 106 million users were recorded. However, no standard clean strategy has been applied to PSBs in China, and no formal surveillance has been carried out. The objective of this study was to understand the diversity and antimicrobial resistance of staphylococcal species from PSBs. METHODS Seventy-nine specimens and 128 isolates were collected from 79 PSBs in Tianjin city, China. Antimicrobial susceptibility and molecular testing were performed to understand the species, antimicrobial resistance, carriage of mecA gene, and clonal lineage. RESULTS Thirty-five staphylococcal isolates were identified, and 80% of staphylococci were resistant to at least one antibiotic. Seventeen (49%) staphylococci were mecA-positive. SCCmec type V (n = 5), SCCmec type 1A (n = 5), SCCmec type I (n = 3), SCCmec type III (n = 2), 1 SCCmec type II (n = 1), and SCCmec type IV (n = 1) were determined. In addition, Staphylococcus epidermidis ST5, ST35, ST234 and ST419 were determined, and a new ST (ST831) was also found. CONCLUSIONS The Staphylococcus epidermidis group was prevalent among PSBs, and multiple resistant staphylococci were determined in this study. The diversity of SCCmec elements was observed, and PSBs may act as the reservoir for antimicrobial pathogenic bacteria. Moreover, additional studies are necessary to systematically understand the prevalence and molecular epidemiology of methicillin-resistant staphylococci in PSBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Xu
- Tianjin Medical University, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Preventive Medicine Education, Tianjin, China
| | - Shiyan Liu
- Tianjin Medical University, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Preventive Medicine Education, Tianjin, China
| | - Liqin Chen
- Tianjin Medical University, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Preventive Medicine Education, Tianjin, China
| | | | - Long Tan
- Tianjin Medical University, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Preventive Medicine Education, Tianjin, China
| | - Jun Shen
- Tianjin Medical University, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Preventive Medicine Education, Tianjin, China.
| | - Wanqi Zhang
- Tianjin Medical University, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Preventive Medicine Education, Tianjin, China
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Piçarra S, Lopes E, Almeida PL, de Lencastre H, Aires-de-Sousa M. Novel coating containing molybdenum oxide nanoparticles to reduce Staphylococcus aureus contamination on inanimate surfaces. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0213151. [PMID: 30883551 PMCID: PMC6422289 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0213151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously synthetized molybdenum oxide (MoO3) nanoparticles (NP) and showed their antibacterial activity against a representative collection of the most relevant bacterial species responsible for hospital-acquired infections, including Staphylococcus aureus. The aim of the present study was to prepare and characterize a novel coating with these MoO3 NP, confirm its mechanical stability, and investigate its biocidal effect to reduce S. aureus contamination on inanimate surfaces. In addition, the novel MoO3 NP coating was compared to a silver (Ag) NP coating synthetized by the same procedure. The MoO3 and Ag NP coatings were characterized in terms of their chemical structure by FT-IR, surface morphology by scanning electron microscopy, and mechanical properties by tensile and adhesion tests. The antimicrobial activity of the coatings was tested by following the loss of viability of S. aureus after 6h, 24h, 48h, and 72h exposure. MoO3 and Ag coatings exhibited surfaces of comparable morphologies and both presented elastomeric properties (tensile strength of ~420 kPa, Young’s modulus of ~48 kPa, and maximum elongation of ~12%), and excellent (classification of 5B) adhesion to glass, steel and polystyrene surfaces. The two coatings exhibited a good antibacterial activity (R) against S. aureus over time (RMoO3 = 0.2–0.81; RAg = 0.61–2.37), although the effect of the Ag NP coating was more pronounced, especially at 72h (RMoO3 = 0.81 vs RAg = 2.37). Noteworthy, contrary to the Ag NP coating, the MoO3 NP coating was colourless and transparent, avoiding undesired unaesthetic effects. The synthetized coating with NP of MoO3, which has low toxicity to humans, capability of biodegradation, and rapid excretion, can be applied onto most standard materials and therefore is a promising tool to reduce S. aureus contamination on usual inanimate surfaces found in healthcare and community environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Piçarra
- Centro de Química Estrutural-CQE, DEQ, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Escola Superior de Tecnologia do Barreiro, Instituto Politécnico de Setúbal, Rua Américo da Silva Marinho, Lavradio, Portugal
| | - Elizeth Lopes
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier (ITQB), Universidade Nova de Lisboa (UNL), Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Pedro L. Almeida
- CENIMAT/I3N, Departamento de Ciência dos Materiais, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia (FCT), Universidade Nova de Lisboa (UNL), Caparica, Portugal
- Área Departamental de Física, Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa (ISEL) Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa (IPL), Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Hermínia de Lencastre
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier (ITQB), Universidade Nova de Lisboa (UNL), Oeiras, Portugal
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, United States of America
| | - Marta Aires-de-Sousa
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier (ITQB), Universidade Nova de Lisboa (UNL), Oeiras, Portugal
- Escola Superior de Saúde da Cruz Vermelha Portuguesa (ESSCVP), Lisboa, Portugal
- * E-mail:
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Kumla D, Dethoup T, Gales L, Pereira JA, Freitas-Silva J, Costa PM, Silva AMS, Pinto MMM, Kijjoa A. Erubescensoic Acid, a New Polyketide and a Xanthonopyrone SPF-3059-26 from the Culture of the Marine Sponge-Associated Fungus Penicillium erubescens KUFA 0220 and Antibacterial Activity Evaluation of Some of Its Constituents. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24010208. [PMID: 30626056 PMCID: PMC6337093 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24010208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Revised: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
A new polyketide erubescensoic acid (1), and the previously reported xanthonopyrone, SPF-3059-26 (2), were isolated from the uninvestigated fractions of the ethyl acetate crude extract of the marine sponge-associated fungus Penicillium erubescens KUFA0220. The structures of the new compound, erubescensoic acid (1), and the previously reported SPF-3059-26 (2), were elucidated by extensive analysis of 1D and 2D-NMR spectra as well as HRMS. The absolute configuration of the stereogenic carbon of erubescensoic acid (1) was determined by X-ray analysis. Erubescensoic acid (1) and SPF-3059-26 (2), together with erubescenschromone B (3), penialidin D (4), and 7-hydroxy-6-methoxy-4-oxo-3-[(1E)-3-oxobut-1-en-1-yl]-4H-chromen-5-carboxylic acid (5), recently isolated from this fungus, were assayed for their antibacterial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative reference strains and the multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains from the environment. The capacity of these compounds to interfere with the bacterial biofilm formation and their potential synergism with clinically relevant antibiotics for the MDR strains were also investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Decha Kumla
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Lexões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
| | - Tida Dethoup
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10240, Thailand.
| | - Luís Gales
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
- Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (i3S-IBMC), Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - José A Pereira
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Lexões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
| | - Joana Freitas-Silva
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Lexões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
| | - Paulo M Costa
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Lexões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
| | - Artur M S Silva
- Departamento de Química & QOPNA, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Madalena M M Pinto
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Lexões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Anake Kijjoa
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Lexões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
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Stephens B, Azimi P, Thoemmes MS, Heidarinejad M, Allen JG, Gilbert JA. Microbial Exchange via Fomites and Implications for Human Health. CURRENT POLLUTION REPORTS 2019; 5:198-213. [PMID: 34171005 PMCID: PMC7149182 DOI: 10.1007/s40726-019-00123-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Fomites are inanimate objects that become colonized with microbes and serve as potential intermediaries for transmission to/from humans. This review summarizes recent literature on fomite contamination and microbial survival in the built environment, transmission between fomites and humans, and implications for human health. RECENT FINDINGS Applications of molecular sequencing techniques to analyze microbial samples have increased our understanding of the microbial diversity that exists in the built environment. This growing body of research has established that microbial communities on surfaces include substantial diversity, with considerable dynamics. While many microbial taxa likely die or lay dormant, some organisms survive, including those that are potentially beneficial, benign, or pathogenic. Surface characteristics also influence microbial survival and rates of transfer to and from humans. Recent research has combined experimental data, mechanistic modeling, and epidemiological approaches to shed light on the likely contributors to microbial exchange between fomites and humans and their contributions to adverse (and even potentially beneficial) human health outcomes. SUMMARY In addition to concerns for fomite transmission of potential pathogens, new analytical tools have uncovered other microbial matters that can be transmitted indirectly via fomites, including entire microbial communities and antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Mathematical models and epidemiological approaches can provide insight on human health implications. However, both are subject to limitations associated with study design, and there is a need to better understand appropriate input model parameters. Fomites remain an important mechanism of transmission of many microbes, along with direct contact and short- and long-range aerosols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brent Stephens
- Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Alumni Memorial Hall 228E, 3201 South Dearborn Street, Chicago, IL 60616 USA
| | - Parham Azimi
- Environmental Health Department, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA USA
| | - Megan S. Thoemmes
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, CA USA
| | - Mohammad Heidarinejad
- Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Alumni Memorial Hall 228E, 3201 South Dearborn Street, Chicago, IL 60616 USA
| | - Joseph G. Allen
- Environmental Health Department, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA USA
| | - Jack A. Gilbert
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, CA USA
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Lichen Xanthones as Models for New Antifungal Agents. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23102617. [PMID: 30322037 PMCID: PMC6222623 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23102617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the emergence of multidrug-resistant pathogenic microorganisms, the search for new antimicrobial compounds plays an important role in current medicinal chemistry research. Inspired by lichen antimicrobial xanthones, a series of novel chlorinated xanthones was prepared using five chlorination methods (Methods A⁻E) to obtain different patterns of substitution in the xanthone scaffold. All the synthesized compounds were evaluated for their antimicrobial activity. Among them, 3-chloro-4,6-dimethoxy-1-methyl-9H-xanthen-9-one 15 showed promising antibacterial activity against E. faecalis (ATCC 29212 and 29213) and S. aureus ATCC 29213. 2,7-Dichloro-3,4,6-trimethoxy-1-methyl-9H-xanthen-9-one 18 revealed a potent fungistatic and fungicidal activity against dermatophytes clinical strains (T. rubrum, M. canis, and E. floccosum (MIC = 4⁻8 µg/mL)). Moreover, when evaluated for its synergistic effect for T. rubrum, compound 18 exhibited synergy with fluconazole (ΣFIC = 0.289). These results disclosed new hit xanthones for both antibacterial and antifungal activity.
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Chan MKL, Koo SH, Quek Q, Pang WS, Jiang B, Ng LSY, Tan SH, Tan TY. Development of a real-time assay to determine the frequency of qac genes in methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus. J Microbiol Methods 2018; 153:133-138. [PMID: 30267717 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2018.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The emergence of antiseptic resistance and/or antiseptic-resistance genes in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) may result in failure of decolonization treatments. Plasmid-encoded efflux pump genes qacA/B and qacC (smr) confer tolerance to chlorhexidine and quaternary ammonium compounds. The objective of this study was to develop and validate a multiplex real time-PCR assay for detection of antiseptic-resistance genes, apply the assay on 200 MRSA isolates and explore if carriage of these genes was associated with resistance to topical antibiotics. METHODOLOGY A SYBR-Green based multiplex real time-PCR assay was developed to detect qacA/B, qacC, and mecA (internal control) simultaneously. The multiplex assay was compared against conventional single-plex PCR followed by agarose gel electrophoresis, using DNA from the first 73 MRSA isolates, followed by multiplex testing of the remaining 127 MRSA isolates. All 200 MRSA isolates were tested for susceptibility to mupirocin, retapamulin, neomycin, bacitracin and octenidine. The genetic diversity of the isolates was investigated by spa-typing. RESULTS The concordance between multiplex and conventional PCR, in assignments of qacA/B and qacC status were 99%(72/73) and 100%(73/73) respectively. Among 200 MRSA isolates, 48(24%) and 44(23%) were found to harbour qacA/B and qacC genes, respectively. These isolates remained susceptible to many common decolonization agents, except mupirocin. The predominant spa-types were t020 and t1081 (41 and 32 isolates respectively). CONCLUSION The real-time assay performed acceptably for the detection of qac genes. A high prevalence of antiseptic-resistance genes were detected in the MRSA isolates in our population and appeared to be associated with spa-type t1081.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurice Kok Leong Chan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Changi General Hospital, 2 Simei Street 3, 529889, Singapore
| | - Seok Hwee Koo
- Clinical trials and Research Unit, Changi General Hospital, 2 Simei Street 3, 529889, Singapore
| | - Qingyao Quek
- School of Life Sciences and Chemical Technology, Ngee Ann Polytechnic, 535 Clementi Road, 599489, Singapore
| | - Wan Sia Pang
- School of Life Sciences and Chemical Technology, Ngee Ann Polytechnic, 535 Clementi Road, 599489, Singapore
| | - Boran Jiang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Changi General Hospital, 2 Simei Street 3, 529889, Singapore
| | - Lily Siew Yong Ng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Changi General Hospital, 2 Simei Street 3, 529889, Singapore
| | - Si Huei Tan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Changi General Hospital, 2 Simei Street 3, 529889, Singapore
| | - Thean Yen Tan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Changi General Hospital, 2 Simei Street 3, 529889, Singapore.
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Chromone Derivatives and Other Constituents from Cultures of the Marine Sponge-Associated Fungus Penicillium erubescens KUFA0220 and Their Antibacterial Activity. Mar Drugs 2018; 16:md16080289. [PMID: 30127313 PMCID: PMC6117697 DOI: 10.3390/md16080289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A previously unreported chromene derivative, 1-hydroxy-12-methoxycitromycin (1c), and four previously undescribed chromone derivatives, including pyanochromone (3b), spirofuranochromone (4), 7-hydroxy-6-methoxy-4-oxo-3-[(1E)-3-oxobut-1-en-1-yl]-4H-chromene-5-carboxylic acid (5), a pyranochromone dimer (6) were isolated, together with thirteen known compounds: β-sitostenone, ergosterol 5,8-endoperoxide, citromycin (1a), 12-methoxycitromycin (1b), myxotrichin D (1d), 12-methoxycitromycetin (1e), anhydrofulvic acid (2a), myxotrichin C (2b), penialidin D (2c), penialidin F (3a), SPF-3059-30 (7), GKK1032B (8) and secalonic acid A (9), from cultures of the marine sponge- associated fungus Penicillium erubescens KUFA0220. Compounds 1a–e, 2a, 3a, 4, 7–9, were tested for their antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative reference and multidrug-resistant strains isolated from the environment. Only 8 exhibited an in vitro growth inhibition of all Gram-positive bacteria whereas 9 showed growth inhibition of methicillin-resistant Staphyllococus aureus (MRSA). None of the compounds were active against Gram-negative bacteria tested.
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30
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Buttachon S, Ramos AA, Inácio Â, Dethoup T, Gales L, Lee M, Costa PM, Silva AMS, Sekeroglu N, Rocha E, Pinto MMM, Pereira JA, Kijjoa A. Bis-Indolyl Benzenoids, Hydroxypyrrolidine Derivatives and Other Constituents from Cultures of the Marine Sponge-Associated Fungus Aspergillus candidus KUFA0062. Mar Drugs 2018; 16:E119. [PMID: 29642369 PMCID: PMC5923406 DOI: 10.3390/md16040119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
A previously unreported bis-indolyl benzenoid, candidusin D (2e) and a new hydroxypyrrolidine alkaloid, preussin C (5b) were isolated together with fourteen previously described compounds: palmitic acid, clionasterol, ergosterol 5,8-endoperoxides, chrysophanic acid (1a), emodin (1b), six bis-indolyl benzenoids including asterriquinol D dimethyl ether (2a), petromurin C (2b), kumbicin B (2c), kumbicin A (2d), 2″-oxoasterriquinol D methyl ether (3), kumbicin D (4), the hydroxypyrrolidine alkaloid preussin (5a), (3S, 6S)-3,6-dibenzylpiperazine-2,5-dione (6) and 4-(acetylamino) benzoic acid (7), from the cultures of the marine sponge-associated fungus Aspergillus candidus KUFA 0062. Compounds 1a, 2a-e, 3, 4, 5a-b, and 6 were tested for their antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative reference and multidrug-resistant strains isolated from the environment. Only 5a exhibited an inhibitory effect against S. aureus ATCC 29213 and E. faecalis ATCC29212 as well as both methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) strains. Both 1a and 5a also reduced significant biofilm formation in E. coli ATCC 25922. Moreover, 2b and 5a revealed a synergistic effect with oxacillin against MRSA S. aureus 66/1 while 5a exhibited a strong synergistic effect with the antibiotic colistin against E. coli 1410/1. Compound 1a, 2a-e, 3, 4, 5a-b, and 6 were also tested, together with the crude extract, for cytotoxic effect against eight cancer cell lines: HepG2, HT29, HCT116, A549, A 375, MCF-7, U-251, and T98G. Except for 1a, 2a, 2d, 4, and 6, all the compounds showed cytotoxicity against all the cancer cell lines tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suradet Buttachon
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Lexões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
| | - Alice A Ramos
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Lexões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
| | - Ângela Inácio
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Lexões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
| | - Tida Dethoup
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10240, Thailand.
| | - Luís Gales
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
- Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (i3S-IBMC), Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Michael Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE 7 RH, UK.
| | - Paulo M Costa
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Lexões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
| | - Artur M S Silva
- Departamento de Química & QOPNA, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Nazim Sekeroglu
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Programme, Plant and Animal Sciences Department, Vocational School, Kilis 7 Aralık University, 79000 Kilis, Turkey.
| | - Eduardo Rocha
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Lexões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
| | - Madalena M M Pinto
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Lexões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-3 13 Porto, Portugal.
| | - José A Pereira
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Lexões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
| | - Anake Kijjoa
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Lexões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
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Aires-de-Sousa M, Rodrigues S, Conceição T, de Lencastre H. Evaluation of Different Screening Methodologies for the Detection of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus from Environmental Surfaces: Swabs, Gauzes, and Polywipes. Microb Drug Resist 2018; 24:585-589. [PMID: 29653476 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2017.0349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) can survive for long periods on inanimate objects, and therefore, environmental surfaces constitute an important reservoir for dissemination. However, there is no standardized method for the detection of MRSA from environmental surfaces. The aim of the present study was to evaluate different screening methods to detect environmental MRSA contamination. A total of 294 samples were obtained from inanimate surfaces at a hospital in Luanda, Angola, and a hospital in São Tomé and Príncipe, by three different methodologies: (1) sterile swabs moistened in saline solution, (2) sterile cotton gauzes moistened in tryptic soy broth, and (3) commercial premoistened sterile sponges (polywipes). After a broth enrichment step, all samples were plated onto tryptic soy agar and chromogenic selective media for S. aureus and for MRSA. The S. aureus isolates were characterized by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, spa typing, multilocus sequence typing, and SCCmec typing. Comparing the three screening methods, gauzes were the most effective (16 S. aureus out of 98 samples; 16.3%), followed by polywipes (4/98; 4.1%) and swabs (3/98; 3.1%). Moistened gauzes were the most sensitive method (p < 0.00001), while screening with swabs was the least efficient (p = 0.00002). The majority of the MRSA isolates (75%) belonged to the main clonal types previously found among patients and healthcare workers in the same hospitals: ST5-IVa (n = 7; 44%) and ST88-IVa (n = 5; 31%). The finding of MRSA on environmental surfaces is dependent on the screening methodology. Moistened gauzes followed by a broth enrichment step proved to be the most sensitive methodology compared to polywipes and swabs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Aires-de-Sousa
- 1 Escola Superior de Saúde da Cruz Vermelha Portuguesa (ESSCVP) , Lisboa, Portugal .,2 Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier (ITQB) , Universidade Nova de Lisboa (UNL), Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Suzilaine Rodrigues
- 2 Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier (ITQB) , Universidade Nova de Lisboa (UNL), Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Teresa Conceição
- 2 Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier (ITQB) , Universidade Nova de Lisboa (UNL), Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Herminia de Lencastre
- 2 Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier (ITQB) , Universidade Nova de Lisboa (UNL), Oeiras, Portugal .,3 Laboratory of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University , New York, New York
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Kumla D, Shine Aung T, Buttachon S, Dethoup T, Gales L, Pereira JA, Inácio Â, Costa PM, Lee M, Sekeroglu N, Silva AMS, Pinto MMM, Kijjoa A. A New Dihydrochromone Dimer and Other Secondary Metabolites from Cultures of the Marine Sponge-Associated Fungi Neosartorya fennelliae KUFA 0811 and Neosartorya tsunodae KUFC 9213. Mar Drugs 2017; 15:E375. [PMID: 29194412 PMCID: PMC5742835 DOI: 10.3390/md15120375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2017] [Revised: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A previously unreported dihydrochromone dimer, paecilin E (1), was isolated, together with eleven known compounds: β-sitostenone, ergosta-4,6,8 (14), 22-tetraen-3-one, cyathisterone, byssochlamic acid, dehydromevalonic acid lactone, chevalone B, aszonalenin, dankasterone A (2), helvolic acid, secalonic acid A and fellutanine A, from the culture filtrate extract of the marine sponge-associated fungus Neosartorya fennelliae KUFA 0811. Nine previously reported metabolites, including a chromanol derivative (3), (3β, 5α, 22E), 3,5-dihydroxyergosta-7,22-dien-6-one (4), byssochlamic acid, hopan-3β,22-diol, chevalone C, sartorypyrone B, helvolic acid, lumichrome and the alkaloid harmane were isolated from the culture of the marine-sponge associated fungus Neosartorya tsunodae KUFC 9213. Paecilin E (1), dankasterone A (2), a chromanol derivative (3), (3β, 5α, 22E)-3,5-dihydroxyergosta-7,22-dien-6-one (4), hopan-3β,22-diol (5), lumichrome (6), and harmane (7) were tested for their antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative reference and multidrug-resistant strains isolated from the environment. While paecilin E (1) was active against S. aureus ATCC 29213 and E. faecalis ATCC 29212, dankastetrone A (2) was only effective against E. faecalis ATCC 29212 and the multidrug-resistant VRE E. faecalis A5/102. Both compounds neither inhibit biofilm mass production in any of the strains at the concentrations tested nor exhibit synergistic association with antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Decha Kumla
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Lexões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
| | - Tin Shine Aung
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Lexões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
| | - Suradet Buttachon
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Lexões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
| | - Tida Dethoup
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10240, Thailand.
| | - Luís Gales
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
- Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (i3S-IBMC), Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - José A Pereira
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Lexões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
| | - Ângela Inácio
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Lexões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
| | - Paulo M Costa
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Lexões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
| | - Michael Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK.
| | - Nazim Sekeroglu
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Programme, Plant and Animal Sciences Department, Vocational School, Kilis 7 Aralık University, Kilis 79000, Turkey.
| | - Artur M S Silva
- Departamento de Química & QOPNA, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Madalena M M Pinto
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Lexões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Anake Kijjoa
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Lexões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
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May Zin WW, Buttachon S, Dethoup T, Pereira JA, Gales L, Inácio Â, Costa PM, Lee M, Sekeroglu N, Silva AMS, Pinto MMM, Kijjoa A. Antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of the metabolites isolated from the culture of the mangrove-derived endophytic fungus Eurotium chevalieri KUFA 0006. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2017; 141:86-97. [PMID: 28586721 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2017.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Revised: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Five previously undescribed metabolites, including acetylquestinol, two prenylated indole 3-carbaldehyde derivatives, an anthranilic acid derivative and an isochromone derivative, were isolated, in addition to eleven known compounds: palmitic acid, ergosterol 5,8-endoperoxide, emodin, physcion, questin, questinol, (11S, 14R)-cyclo(tryptophylvalyl), preechinulin, neoechinulin E, echinulin and eurocristatine, from the culture of the endophytic fungus Eurotium chevalieri KUFA 0006. The structures of the previously undescribed compounds were established based on an extensive 1D and 2D NMR spectral analysis as well as HRMS and IR data. In case of 2-(2, 2-dimethylcyclopropyl)-1H-indole-3-carbaldehyde and 6, 8-dihydroxy-3-(2S-hydroxypropyl)-7-methylisochromone, the absolute configurations of their stereogenic carbons were established based on comparison of their experimental and calculated ECD spectra. All the compounds, except for palmitic acid and ergosterol 5, 8-endoperoxide, were evaluated for their antibacterial and antibiofilm activities against two Gram-positive and two Gram-negative bacteria, as well as multidrug-resistant isolates from the environment. Emodin not only exhibited moderate antibacterial activity against the Gram-positive bacteria but also showed strong synergistic association with oxacillin against MRSA Staphylococcus aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- War War May Zin
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal; Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Lexões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal.
| | - Suradet Buttachon
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal; Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Lexões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal.
| | - Tida Dethoup
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10240, Thailand.
| | - José A Pereira
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal; Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Lexões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal.
| | - Luís Gales
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal; Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (IBMC), Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Ângela Inácio
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Lexões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal.
| | - Paulo M Costa
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal; Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Lexões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal.
| | - Michael Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester, LE 7 RH, UK.
| | - Nazim Sekeroglu
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Programme, Plant and Animal Sciences Department, Vocational School, Kilis 7 Aralık University, 79000, Kilis, Turkey.
| | - Artur M S Silva
- Departamento de Química & QOPNA, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Madalena M M Pinto
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Lexões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal; Laboratório de Química Orgânica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Anake Kijjoa
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal; Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Lexões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal.
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Różańska A, Chmielarczyk A, Romaniszyn D, Bulanda M, Walkowicz M, Osuch P, Knych T. Antibiotic resistance, ability to form biofilm and susceptibility to copper alloys of selected staphylococcal strains isolated from touch surfaces in Polish hospital wards. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control 2017; 6:80. [PMID: 28815023 PMCID: PMC5556671 DOI: 10.1186/s13756-017-0240-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the employment of sanitary regimes, contact transmission of the aetiological agents of hospital infections is still exceedingly common. The issue of microbe transmission becomes particularly important when facing multidrug-resistant microorganisms such as methicillin-resistant staphylococci. In the case of deficiencies in cleaning and disinfection procedures, hospital equipment made of copper alloys can play an important role, complementing traditional hospital hygiene procedures. The objective of this study was to characterize staphylococcal strains isolated from touch surfaces in Polish hospital wards in terms of their drug resistance, ability to form biofilm and susceptibility to antimicrobial activity of copper alloys. METHODS The materials for the study were 95 staphylococcal strains isolated from touch surfaces in 13 different hospital wards from Małopolska province (the south of Poland). Phenotypic and genotypic antibiotic resistance were checked for erythromycin, clindamycin, gentamycin, ciprofloxacin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and mupirocin. Biofilm formation ability for the tested strains was checked with the use of culture on Congo red agar. Susceptibility to copper, tin bronze, brass and new silver was tested using a modification of the Japanese standard. RESULTS Over 67% of the analysed staphylococcal strains were methicillin-resistant (MR). Four strains were resistant to all of the tested antibiotics, and 14 were resistant to all except mupirocin. Strains classified as MR had significantly increased resistance to the remaining antibiotic groups. About one-third of the analysed strains revealed biofilm-forming ability. Among the majority of species, biofilm-forming and non-biofilm-forming strains were distributed evenly; in the case of S. haemolyticus only, negative strains accounted for 92.8%. Susceptibility to copper alloys was different between strains and rather lower than in the case of the SA strain selected for comparison. CONCLUSIONS Coagulase-negative staphylococci, the most commonly isolated in Polish hospital wards, should not be neglected as an infection risk factor due their high antibiotic resistance. Our experiments confirmed that touch surfaces made of copper alloys may play an important role in eliminating bacteria from the hospital environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Różańska
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Chair of Microbiology, Czysta str. 18, 31-121 Kraków, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Chmielarczyk
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Chair of Microbiology, Czysta str. 18, 31-121 Kraków, Poland
| | - Dorota Romaniszyn
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Chair of Microbiology, Czysta str. 18, 31-121 Kraków, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Bulanda
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Chair of Microbiology, Czysta str. 18, 31-121 Kraków, Poland
| | - Monika Walkowicz
- Faculty of Non-Ferrous Metals, Department of Metal Working and Physical Metallurgy of Non-Ferrous Metals, AGH University of Science and Technology, al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
| | - Piotr Osuch
- Faculty of Non-Ferrous Metals, Department of Metal Working and Physical Metallurgy of Non-Ferrous Metals, AGH University of Science and Technology, al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Knych
- Faculty of Non-Ferrous Metals, Department of Metal Working and Physical Metallurgy of Non-Ferrous Metals, AGH University of Science and Technology, al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
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Lin J, Peng Y, Ou Q, Lin D, Li Y, Ye X, Zhou J, Yao Z. A molecular epidemiological study of methicillin-resistantStaphylococcienvironmental contamination in railway stations and coach stations in Guangzhou of China. Lett Appl Microbiol 2017; 64:131-137. [DOI: 10.1111/lam.12700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Revised: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J.L. Lin
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics; School of Public Health; Guangdong Pharmaceutical University; Guangzhou China
| | - Y. Peng
- Centre for Chronic Disease; University of Queensland; Brisbane QLD Australia
| | - Q.T. Ou
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics; School of Public Health; Guangdong Pharmaceutical University; Guangzhou China
| | - D.X. Lin
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics; School of Public Health; Guangdong Pharmaceutical University; Guangzhou China
| | - Y. Li
- Division of Environmental Health; Public Health Laboratory Center; Guangdong Pharmaceutical University; Guangzhou China
| | - X.H. Ye
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics; School of Public Health; Guangdong Pharmaceutical University; Guangzhou China
| | - J.L. Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics; School of Public Health; Guangdong Pharmaceutical University; Guangzhou China
| | - Z.J. Yao
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics; School of Public Health; Guangdong Pharmaceutical University; Guangzhou China
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Aires-de-Sousa M. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus among animals: current overview. Clin Microbiol Infect 2016; 23:373-380. [PMID: 27851997 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2016.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Revised: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Currently, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a universal threat. After being well established in the healthcare setting, it has emerged in the community among people with no risk factors for MRSA acquisition, therefore imposing a new threat. The subsequent detection of MRSA colonizing or infecting animals as well as in food of animal origin was of major concern, revealing new reservoirs for MRSA. The major MRSA clonal lineages circulating in the different settings, i.e. in hospitals, in the community and among animals, are described here, differentiating between clones colonizing companion and food-chain animals. Particular attention is given to the widely spread livestock-associated MRSA clonal complex (CC) 398, which is mainly associated with professional exposure but may be of high pathogenicity. The recent detection of a mecA homologue, designated mecC, with a wide geographical distribution in Europe, and including a large diversity of hosts (food-chain, companion and wildlife animals and also detected in water samples) adds to the threat. Domestication as well as globalization of the livestock industry have intensified exchanges between human and animal bacteria. We report here several cases of transmission of MRSA between companion or food-chain animals and humans, as well as some MRSA clones of human origin that have adapted to new animal hosts eventually by losing useless virulence factors or acquiring new mobile genetic elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Aires-de-Sousa
- Escola Superior de Saúde da Cruz Vermelha Portuguesa, Lisboa, Portugal.
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Transmission of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in long-term care facilities and their related healthcare networks. Genome Med 2016; 8:102. [PMID: 27716432 PMCID: PMC5048656 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-016-0353-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Long-term care facilities (LTCF) are potential reservoirs for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), control of which may reduce MRSA transmission and infection elsewhere in the healthcare system. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) has been used successfully to understand MRSA epidemiology and transmission in hospitals and has the potential to identify transmission between these and LTCF. Methods Two prospective observational studies of MRSA carriage were conducted in LTCF in England and Ireland. MRSA isolates were whole-genome sequenced and analyzed using established methods. Genomic data were available for MRSA isolated in the local healthcare systems (isolates submitted by hospitals and general practitioners). Results We sequenced a total of 181 MRSA isolates from the two study sites. The majority of MRSA were multilocus sequence type (ST)22. WGS identified one likely transmission event between residents in the English LTCF and three putative transmission events in the Irish LTCF. WGS also identified closely related isolates present in colonized Irish residents and their immediate environment. Based on phylogenetic reconstruction, closely related MRSA clades were identified between the LTCF and their healthcare referral network, together with putative MRSA acquisition by LTCF residents during hospital admission. Conclusions These data confirm that MRSA is transmitted between residents of LTCF and is both acquired and transmitted to others in referral hospitals and beyond. Our data present compelling evidence for the importance of environmental contamination in MRSA transmission, reinforcing the importance of environmental cleaning. The use of WGS in this study highlights the need to consider infection control in hospitals and community healthcare facilities as a continuum. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13073-016-0353-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Lin J, Lin D, Xu P, Zhang T, Ou Q, Bai C, Yao Z. Non-hospital environment contamination with Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: proportion meta-analysis and features of antibiotic resistance and molecular genetics. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2016; 150:528-540. [PMID: 27423707 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2016.06.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Revised: 05/28/2016] [Accepted: 06/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), survives in dry conditions and can persist for long periods on surfaces touched by humans. Studies that estimate the proportions and characteristics of S. aureus and MRSA contamination in non-hospital environments are lacking. Therefore, we conducted a proportion meta-analysis and reviewed the features of antibiotic resistance and molecular genetics. METHODS Articles published between January 2005 and December 2015 that studied proportions of S. aureus and MRSA contamination in non-hospital environments were retrieved from the Medline database, Ovid database and Science Direct database. All statistics were analyzed by STATA 14.1. RESULTS Twenty-nine articles were included. The overall proportions of S. aureus and MRSA contamination were 41.1% (95%CI 29-54%) and 8.6% (95%CI 5-13%), respectively. The proportion of MRSA contamination increased over time. From the articles, the proportion of Panton-Valentine Leukociden (PVL) genes among MRSA isolates was 54.5%, and the proportion of the qac gene was 100.0%. Distribution of the multilocus sequence type (MLST) and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) of MRSA indicated that MRSA strains were from both hospitals and communities. CONCLUSION The overall proportions of S. aureus and MRSA contamination in non-hospital environments were high. The outcomes of antibiotic resistance and high proportions of PVL genes indicated that the antibiotic resistance of S. aureus and MRSA were notable. According to the different distributions of MLST and SCCmec of MRSA, we can infer that cross-circulation is within hospitals, communities, and livestock. The results also show that the risk from the MRSA strains was cross-transmitted among the population. High proportions of the qac gene of MRSA might indicate that current disinfection of MRSA has not been achieved, and it might be better to further identify the efficiency of the sterilization processes in a non-hospital environment so that relevant departments can take measures to improve disinfection of MRSA in non-hospital environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialing Lin
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510310, China
| | - Dongxin Lin
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510310, China
| | - Ping Xu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510310, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510310, China
| | - Qianting Ou
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510310, China
| | - Chan Bai
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510310, China
| | - Zhenjiang Yao
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510310, China.
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Gaymard A, Pichon M, Degaud M, Tasse J, Dupieux C, Laurent F. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in the environment of public transport: data from the metropolitan network in Lyon, France. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2016; 48:459-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2016.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 07/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Pardos de la Gandara M, Curry M, Berger J, Burstein D, Della-Latta P, Kopetz V, Quale J, Spitzer E, Tan R, Urban C, Wang G, Whittier S, de Lencastre H, Tomasz A. MRSA Causing Infections in Hospitals in Greater Metropolitan New York: Major Shift in the Dominant Clonal Type between 1996 and 2014. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0156924. [PMID: 27272665 PMCID: PMC4896443 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0156924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A surveillance study in 1996 identified the USA100 clone (ST5/SCCmecII)–also known as the “New York/Japan” clone—as the most prevalent MRSA causing infections in 12 New York City hospitals. Here we update the epidemiology of MRSA in seven of the same hospitals eighteen years later in 2013/14. Most of the current MRSA isolates (78 of 121) belonged to the MRSA clone USA300 (CC8/SCCmecIV) but the USA100 clone–dominant in the 1996 survey–still remained the second most frequent MRSA (25 of the 121 isolates) causing 32% of blood stream infections. The USA300 clone was most common in skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) and was associated with 84.5% of SSTIs compared to 5% caused by the USA100 clone. Our data indicate that by 2013/14, the USA300 clone replaced the New York/Japan clone as the most frequent cause of MRSA infections in hospitals in Metropolitan New York. In parallel with this shift in the clonal type of MRSA, there was also a striking change in the types of MRSA infections from 1996 to 2014.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Pardos de la Gandara
- Laboratory of Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Marie Curry
- Laboratory of Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Judith Berger
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Saint Barnabas Hospital, Bronx, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - David Burstein
- Department of Pathology, Richmond University Medical Center, Staten Island, New York, United States of America
| | - Phyllis Della-Latta
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Virgina Kopetz
- Department of Pathology, Richmond University Medical Center, Staten Island, New York, United States of America
| | - John Quale
- Division of Infectious Diseases, SUNY Downstate Medical Center and Kings County Hospital, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
| | - Eric Spitzer
- Department of Pathology, Stony Brook Health Services Center, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America
| | - Rexie Tan
- Department of Microbiology, Saint Barnabas Hospital, Bronx, New York, United States of America
| | - Carl Urban
- The Dr. James J. Rahal Jr. Division of Infectious Diseases, New York-Presbyterian Queens, Flushing, New York, United States of America
| | - Guiqing Wang
- Department of Pathology and Clinical Laboratories, Westchester Medical Center and New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, United States of America
| | - Susan Whittier
- Clinical Microbiology Service, Columbia University Medical Center, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Herminia de Lencastre
- Laboratory of Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, United States of America
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier (ITQB/UNL), Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Alexander Tomasz
- Laboratory of Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Using MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry to Identify Drug Resistant Staphylococcal Isolates from Nonhospital Environments in Brunei Darussalam. Interdiscip Perspect Infect Dis 2016; 2016:8685602. [PMID: 27127505 PMCID: PMC4834169 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8685602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug resistant bacteria have been a growing threat to the community and hospitals due to the misuse of antibiotics by humans, industrialization, and lack of novel antimicrobials currently available. Little is known about the prevalence of drug resistant bacteria in nonhealthcare environments in Brunei Darussalam and about how antibiotic resistant genes are transferred within these environments. Human contact points from different types of environments in Brunei Darussalam, varying from urban to jungle settings, were swabbed and cultured onto selective media to isolate staphylococci bacteria before performing antimicrobial susceptibility testing on the isolates. The identity of the isolates was determined using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry (MS). Staphylococci isolates resistant to oxacillin were further tested for their minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). PCR analysis of the mecA gene, a gene that confers resistance to oxacillin, is done to determine the level of resistance to oxacillin. Ten different staphylococcal species were identified by MALDI-TOF-MS analysis. Out of the 36 staphylococci isolates, 24 were resistant to multiple antibiotics including two isolates which were oxacillin resistant. Some staphylococci isolates had similar antibiotic resistance profiles to other staphylococci isolates of different species in the same location. This work provides the first-ever evidence of drug resistant staphylococci in the nonhospital environment in Brunei Darussalam.
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Beça N, Bessa LJ, Mendes Â, Santos J, Leite-Martins L, Matos AJ, da Costa PM. Coagulase-Positive Staphylococcus: Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 2015; 51:365-71. [DOI: 10.5326/jaaha-ms-6255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Staphylococcus pseudintermedius is the most prevalent coagulase-positive Staphylococcus inhabitant of the skin and mucosa of dogs and cats, causing skin and soft tissue infections in these animals. In this study, coagulase-positive Staphylococcus species were isolated from companion animals, veterinary professionals, and objects from a clinical veterinary environment by using two particular culture media, Baird-Parker RPF agar and CHROMagar Staph aureus. Different morphology features of colonies on the media allowed the identification of the species, which was confirmed by performing a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Among 23 animals, 15 (65.2%) harbored coagulase-positive Staphylococcus, being 12 Staphylococcus pseudintermedius carriers. Four out of 12 were methicillin-resistant S. pseudintermedius (MRSP). All veterinary professionals had coagulase-positive Staphylococcus (CoPS) species on their hands and two out of nine objects sampled harbored MRSP. The antimicrobial-resistance pattern was achieved for all isolates, revealing the presence of many multidrug-resistant CoPS, particularly S. pseudintermedius. The combined analysis of the antimicrobial-resistance patterns shown by the isolates led to the hypothesis that there is a possible crosscontamination and dissemination of S. aureus and S. pseudintermedius species between the three types of carriers sampled in this study that could facilitate the spread of the methicillin-resistance phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuno Beça
- From the ICBAS-Abel Salazar Institute for the Biomedical Sciences (P.M.C., N.B., A.M., J.S., L.L-M., A.J.F.M.); and CIIMAR-Interdisciplinary Center for Marine and Environmental Research (L.J.B), University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Lucinda Janete Bessa
- From the ICBAS-Abel Salazar Institute for the Biomedical Sciences (P.M.C., N.B., A.M., J.S., L.L-M., A.J.F.M.); and CIIMAR-Interdisciplinary Center for Marine and Environmental Research (L.J.B), University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Ângelo Mendes
- From the ICBAS-Abel Salazar Institute for the Biomedical Sciences (P.M.C., N.B., A.M., J.S., L.L-M., A.J.F.M.); and CIIMAR-Interdisciplinary Center for Marine and Environmental Research (L.J.B), University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Santos
- From the ICBAS-Abel Salazar Institute for the Biomedical Sciences (P.M.C., N.B., A.M., J.S., L.L-M., A.J.F.M.); and CIIMAR-Interdisciplinary Center for Marine and Environmental Research (L.J.B), University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Liliana Leite-Martins
- From the ICBAS-Abel Salazar Institute for the Biomedical Sciences (P.M.C., N.B., A.M., J.S., L.L-M., A.J.F.M.); and CIIMAR-Interdisciplinary Center for Marine and Environmental Research (L.J.B), University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Augusto J.F. Matos
- From the ICBAS-Abel Salazar Institute for the Biomedical Sciences (P.M.C., N.B., A.M., J.S., L.L-M., A.J.F.M.); and CIIMAR-Interdisciplinary Center for Marine and Environmental Research (L.J.B), University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Paulo Martins da Costa
- From the ICBAS-Abel Salazar Institute for the Biomedical Sciences (P.M.C., N.B., A.M., J.S., L.L-M., A.J.F.M.); and CIIMAR-Interdisciplinary Center for Marine and Environmental Research (L.J.B), University of Porto, Portugal
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Metro system in Guangzhou as a hazardous reservoir of methicillin-resistant Staphylococci: findings from a point-prevalence molecular epidemiologic study. Sci Rep 2015; 5:16087. [PMID: 26513750 PMCID: PMC4625601 DOI: 10.1038/srep16087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococci are common causes of healthcare-associated and community-associated infections. However, limited data are available on the prevalence, phenotypes and molecular characteristics of Staphylococci in metro system around the world. 320 surface samples were collected from the Guangzhou metro system to isolate and characterize Staphylococci strains. Of the samples, 75.6% (242/320) were contaminated with Staphylococci. The Staphylococci isolates, especially the methicillin resistant isolates, were resistance to most of the antibiotics, with 79.8% (193/242) classified as multidrug resistant (MDR) strains. 8 strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) carried a range of staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) types [I (1), II (3), III (2) and NT (2)]. Staphylococcus aureus isolates were classified into several ST types and showed possible cross transmissions of strains from various sources. All MRSA strains were positive for the qac gene, and only one methicillin-susceptible Staphylococci aureus (MSSA) strain was positive for the Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) genes. This study demonstrated that environmental surfaces in the Guangzhou metro system may be a hazardous reservoir for transmission of Staphylococci to passengers. The resistance to antibiotics and disinfectants observed among isolates was also noteworthy.
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Xu Z, Mkrtchyan HV, Cutler RR. Antibiotic resistance and mecA characterization of coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from three hotels in London, UK. Front Microbiol 2015; 6:947. [PMID: 26441881 PMCID: PMC4563241 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.00947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance in bacteria isolated from non-healthcare environments, is a potential problem to public health. In our survey a total of 71 coagulase negative staphylococci (CNS) belonging to 11 different species were isolated from three large hotels in London, UK. The most prevalent species was Staphylococcus haemolyticus, with S. hominis, S. warneri, S. cohnii, and Staphylococcus epidermidis commonly detected. Antimicrobial susceptibilities and carriage of the mecA gene were determined for all of these isolates. Most (85.9%) staphylococci were resistant to multiple antibiotics with all displaying increased susceptibility toward penicillin, fusidic acid, erythromycin, and cefepime. Twenty-one (29.5%) of the isolates were mecA positive, however MIC values to oxacillin, normally associated with the carriage of mecA, varied widely in this group (from 0.06 to 256 mg/L). Fifteen of the twenty-one mecA positive isolates carried SCCmec of these seven were type V, one type I, one type II, and one type IV. Additionally, five of these 15 isolates carried a previously unreported type, 1A, which involves an association between class A mec complex and ccr type 1. The remaining six of the 21 isolates were non-typeable and carried a combination of class A mec complex and ccrC. In addition to this, we also report on new MLST types which were assigned for five S. epidermidis isolates. Four out of these five isolates had MICs between 0.06 and 256 mg/L to oxacillin and would be regarded as clinically susceptible but one isolate had a high oxacillin MIC of 256 mg/L. We demonstrated widespread multiple drug resistance among different staphylococcal species isolated from non-healthcare environments highlighting the potential for these species to act as a reservoir for methicillin and other forms of drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Xu
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London London, UK
| | - Hermine V Mkrtchyan
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London London, UK
| | - Ronald R Cutler
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London London, UK
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Mendes Â, Martins da Costa P, Rego D, Beça N, Alves C, Moreira T, Conceição T, Aires-de-Sousa M. Contamination of public transports by Staphylococcus aureus and its carriage by biomedical students: point-prevalence, related risk factors and molecular characterization of methicillin-resistant strains. Public Health 2015; 129:1125-31. [PMID: 26088786 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2015.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2014] [Revised: 03/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To analyse the contamination of public transports by Staphylococcus aureus and assess its carriage by biomedical students, focussing on the point-prevalence, related risk factors and molecular characterization of methicillin-resistant strains. STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional survey. METHODS Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA) isolated from handrails of buses (n = 112) and trains (n = 79) circulating in Porto and from nasal swabs of local university students (n = 475) were quantified, characterized by molecular typing methods and related to possible risk factors. RESULTS The MRSA prevalence in buses (16.1%) was not significantly different from trains (8.9%). There was also no identifiable association between the counts of MSSA and MRSA in buses and trains and the number of travellers in each sampling day, specific routes (including those passing by main hospitals) or other risk factors. Of the students, 37.1% carried S. aureus, and having a part-time job or smoking were found to be risk factors for carriage. EMRSA-15 (ST22-SCCmecIVh) was the prevalent MRSA clonal lineage, found not only in the buses (n = 14) and trains (n = 2) but also in the single MRSA-carrier among the students. The characteristics of the community-associated Southwest Pacific MRSA clone were found in a single ST30-IVa isolate, which may suggest a recent SCCmec acquisition by an MSSA background in the community. CONCLUSIONS The spread of EMRSA-15, a common hospital-associated lineage, among different public transports and as a nasal coloniser is of concern and warrants adequate public health control measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Â Mendes
- Laboratório de microbiologia e tecnologia alimentar, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
| | - P Martins da Costa
- Laboratório de microbiologia e tecnologia alimentar, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - D Rego
- Laboratório de microbiologia e tecnologia alimentar, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - N Beça
- Laboratório de microbiologia e tecnologia alimentar, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - C Alves
- Laboratório de microbiologia e tecnologia alimentar, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - T Moreira
- Laboratório de microbiologia e tecnologia alimentar, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - T Conceição
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica (ITQB), Universidade Nova de Lisboa (UNL), Oeiras, Portugal
| | - M Aires-de-Sousa
- Escola Superior de Saúde da Cruz Vermelha Portuguesa (ESSCVP), Lisbon, Portugal
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Mkrtchyan HV, Xu Z, Cutler RR. Diversity of SCCmec elements in Staphylococci isolated from public washrooms. BMC Microbiol 2015; 15:120. [PMID: 26071078 PMCID: PMC4465472 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-015-0451-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 05/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Staphylococci are commonly associated with antibiotic resistance in healthcare settings including resistance to methicillin and other beta lactam antibiotics primarily associated with the carriage of SCCmec mobile genetic elements. We investigated oxacillin susceptibility in 11 different species of environmental staphylococci to evaluate the potential dissemination of such resistance determinants in staphylococcal isolates from non-healthcare environments. RESULTS Staphylococci isolated from public washrooms were analysed for SCCmec type and for antibiotic susceptibility. MICs to oxacillin ranged from 0.12 to 128 mg/L. Of the 32 strains investigated, there were representatives of 11 different species of staphylococci. 21 of the 32 isolates were assigned to known SCCmec types. These typeable strains primarily included those assigned to SCCmec type I (n = 8), type IV (n = 6) and type VI (n = 7). In addition to these isolates, 3 strains of EMRSA-15 were identified from different environmental sites. CONCLUSIONS We have demonstrated the diversity of SCCmec elements in a wide range of staphylococcal species isolated from outside of healthcare settings. We have also shown that the variability in oxacillin MICs in such isolates are unrelated to species or SCCmec type. The isolation of EMRSA-15 is also of concern to infection control in the community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hermine V Mkrtchyan
- Pre- Clinical Drug Discovery Group, Queen Mary University of London, School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK.
| | - Zhen Xu
- Pre- Clinical Drug Discovery Group, Queen Mary University of London, School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK.
| | - Ronald R Cutler
- Biomedical Science Degree Programmes, Pre- Clinical Drug Discovery Group, Mile End Road, London, UK.
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Bessa LJ, Palmeira A, Gomes AS, Vasconcelos V, Sousa E, Pinto M, Martins da Costa P. Synergistic Effects Between Thioxanthones and Oxacillin Against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Microb Drug Resist 2015; 21:404-15. [PMID: 25789724 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2014.0162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The extensive use of antimicrobials is leaving medicine with few effective therapeutic options to treat many infections due to the fact that many organisms developed resistance to commonly used drugs. It is therefore pertinent to search not only for new antimicrobials but also for compounds able to restore or potentiate the activity of existing antibiotics. We have screened a library consisting of 40 (thio)xanthone derivatives for antibacterial activity and possible synergistic effects when used in combination with antibiotics. Nine out of the 40 compounds exhibited antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria. Two xanthone derivatives, 1-formyl-4-hydroxy-3-methoxy (7), 2-formyl-3-hydroxy-4-methoxyxanthone (8) and the thioxanthone derivative 1-((2-(diethylamino)ethyl)amino)-4-propoxythioxanthone (10) and its hydrochloride form 13, showed activity against a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolate with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values lower than 256 μg/ml. Thioxanthone 10 demonstrated antibacterial activity and also synergy when combined with ampicillin and oxacillin against MRSA. Additionally, thioxanthone 1-(piperidin-1-yl)-4-propoxythioxanthone (9), despite not having antibacterial activity presented remarkable synergy with oxacillin against MRSA; the MIC of tioxanthone 9 and oxacillin when both were in combination were 128 and 8 μg/ml, respectively. Thioxanthones 9 and 10 were also found to be synergistic when both were combined. Subsequently, docking simulations between thioxanthones 9 and 10 and the allosteric domain of penicillin-binding protein 2A (PBP2A) were undertaken in AutoDock Vina. Both compounds had the ability to bind with an allosteric domain of PBP2A, which may explain their synergy with oxacillin. These two thioxanthone derivatives with different profiles may be promising tools for restoring the activity of oxacillin against MRSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucinda J Bessa
- 1 Laboratório de Microbiologia e Tecnologia Alimentar, Departamento de Produção Aquática, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto , Porto, Portugal .,2 Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto , Porto, Portugal
| | - Andreia Palmeira
- 3 Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Centro de Química Medicinal da Universidade do Porto (CEQUIMED-UP), Universidade do Porto , Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana S Gomes
- 3 Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Centro de Química Medicinal da Universidade do Porto (CEQUIMED-UP), Universidade do Porto , Porto, Portugal
| | - Vitor Vasconcelos
- 2 Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto , Porto, Portugal .,4 Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto , Porto, Portugal
| | - Emília Sousa
- 2 Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto , Porto, Portugal .,3 Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Centro de Química Medicinal da Universidade do Porto (CEQUIMED-UP), Universidade do Porto , Porto, Portugal
| | - Madalena Pinto
- 2 Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto , Porto, Portugal .,3 Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Centro de Química Medicinal da Universidade do Porto (CEQUIMED-UP), Universidade do Porto , Porto, Portugal
| | - Paulo Martins da Costa
- 1 Laboratório de Microbiologia e Tecnologia Alimentar, Departamento de Produção Aquática, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto , Porto, Portugal .,2 Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto , Porto, Portugal
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Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in public transportation vehicles (buses): another piece to the epidemiologic puzzle. Am J Infect Control 2014; 42:1285-90. [PMID: 25465258 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2014.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2014] [Revised: 08/21/2014] [Accepted: 08/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about the occurrence and epidemiology of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in public transportation in the United States. This research sought to determine the background prevalence and phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of MRSA strains circulating on buses from a large, metropolitan transportation agency. METHODS Electrostatic wipes were used to collect 237 surface samples from 40 buses randomly selected from July-October 2010. Six samples were collected from each bus immediately postservice and before any cleaning and disinfection. Positive isolates were analyzed for antibiotic resistance, staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) type, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis; and potential epidemiologic factors were examined. RESULTS Of the buses, 68% (27/40) were contaminated with S aureus, and 63% (25/40) were contaminated with MRSA. Seats and seat rails were the surfaces most frequently contaminated, followed by the back door and stanchions. Most (62.9%) of the MRSA isolates were classified as community-associated MRSA clones (SCCmec type IV), and 22.9% were health care-associated MRSA clones (SCCmec type II). Of the MRSA strains, 65% (5/20) were multidrug resistant. CONCLUSION MRSA was frequently isolated from commonly touched surfaces in buses serving both hospital and community routes. Phenotypic and genotypic analysis demonstrated that buses may be effective mixing vessels for MRSA strains of both community and health care-associated origin.
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Almeida ST, Nunes S, Paulo ACS, Faria NA, de Lencastre H, Sá-Leão R. Prevalence, risk factors, and epidemiology of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus carried by adults over 60 years of age. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2014; 34:593-600. [PMID: 25359581 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-014-2267-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2014] [Accepted: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The epidemiology of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in the community in Portugal is not completely understood. To evaluate S. aureus and MRSA carriage among the elderly, we conducted a large cross-sectional study between April 2010 and December 2012. A total of 3,361 adults over 60 years of age were screened for S. aureus nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal carriage. MRSA were characterized by staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) typing, spa typing, multilocus sequence typing (MLST), and tested for the presence of Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL). Risk factors for MRSA carriage were identified by multiple logistic regression analysis. The prevalence of S. aureus and MRSA carriage among the elderly was 20.1 % and 1.8 %, respectively. The risk of being an MRSA carrier was higher among the elderly living in retirement homes [odds ratio (OR) = 2.90, 95 % confidence interval (CI): 1.48-5.48] and those that had been hospitalized in the previous year (OR = 2.64, 95 % CI: 1.47-4.58). Among the 62 MRSA isolates, 64.5 % were multidrug-resistant and none carried PVL. Most MRSA (82.3 %) were related to three hospital-associated (HA-MRSA) clones disseminated in Portugal: ST105-II (New York/Japan clone; 43.5 %), ST5-IVc (Pediatric clone; 19.4 %), and ST22-IVh (EMRSA-15 clone; 19.4 %). The New York/Japan and Pediatric clones were significantly associated with carriers living in retirement homes, while the EMRSA-15 clone was associated with carriers that had been hospitalized. We conclude that the elderly population in Portugal is essentially free of MRSA. Given the current European societal challenges for a healthy active aging, these results are of importance to healthcare professionals and public authorities to decide on strategies to promote health in this age group.
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Affiliation(s)
- S T Almeida
- Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology of Human Pathogens, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier (ITQB), Universidade Nova de Lisboa (UNL), Av. da República, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal
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Conceição T, Coelho C, Santos-Silva I, de Lencastre H, Aires-de-Sousa M. Epidemiology of Methicillin-Resistant and -SusceptibleStaphylococcus aureusin Luanda, Angola: First Description of the Spread of the MRSA ST5-IVa Clone in the African Continent. Microb Drug Resist 2014; 20:441-9. [DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2014.0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Conceição
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica (ITQB), Universidade Nova de Lisboa (UNL), Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Céline Coelho
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica (ITQB), Universidade Nova de Lisboa (UNL), Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Isabel Santos-Silva
- Escola Superior de Saúde da Cruz Vermelha Portuguesa (ESSCVP), Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Hermínia de Lencastre
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica (ITQB), Universidade Nova de Lisboa (UNL), Oeiras, Portugal
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York
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