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Cardoso BA, Duque M, Gírio A, Fragoso R, Oliveira ML, Allen JR, Martins LR, Correia NC, Silveira AB, Veloso A, Kimura S, Demoen L, Matthijssens F, Jeha S, Cheng C, Pui CH, Grosso AR, Neto JL, De Almeida SF, Van Vlieberghe P, Mullighan CG, Yunes JA, Langenau DM, Pflumio F, Barata JT. CASZ1 upregulates PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling and promotes T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Haematologica 2024; 109:1713-1725. [PMID: 38058200 PMCID: PMC11141679 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2023.282854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
CASZ1 is a conserved transcription factor involved in neural development, blood vessel assembly and heart morphogenesis. CASZ1 has been implicated in cancer, either suppressing or promoting tumor development depending on the tissue. However, the impact of CASZ1 on hematological tumors remains unknown. Here, we show that the T-cell oncogenic transcription factor TAL1 is a direct positive regulator of CASZ1, that T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) samples at diagnosis overexpress CASZ1b isoform, and that CASZ1b expression in patient samples correlates with PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling pathway activation. In agreement, overexpression of CASZ1b in both Ba/F3 and T-ALL cells leads to the activation of PI3K signaling pathway, which is required for CASZ1b-mediated transformation of Ba/F3 cells in vitro and malignant expansion in vivo. We further demonstrate that CASZ1b cooperates with activated NOTCH1 to promote T-ALL development in zebrafish, and that CASZ1b protects human T-ALL cells from serum deprivation and treatment with chemotherapeutic drugs. Taken together, our studies indicate that CASZ1b is a TAL1-regulated gene that promotes T-ALL development and resistance to chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno A Cardoso
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon
| | - Mafalda Duque
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon
| | - Ana Gírio
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon
| | - Rita Fragoso
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon
| | - Mariana L Oliveira
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon
| | - James R Allen
- MGH Pathology and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown MA 02129
| | - Leila R Martins
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon
| | - Nádia C Correia
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon
| | | | | | - Shunsuke Kimura
- Department of Pathology, Center of Excellence for Leukemia Studies, and Hematological Malignancies Program, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis TN
| | - Lisa Demoen
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, and Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Filip Matthijssens
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, and Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sima Jeha
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital and the University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis TN, US; Department of Global Pediatric Medicine, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital and the University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis TN
| | - Cheng Cheng
- Department of Biostatistics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital and the University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis TN
| | - Ching-Hon Pui
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital and the University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis TN, US; Department of Global Pediatric Medicine, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital and the University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis TN, US; Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital and the University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis TN
| | - Ana R Grosso
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Life Sciences, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica
| | - João L Neto
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon
| | - Sérgio F De Almeida
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon
| | - Pieter Van Vlieberghe
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, and Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Charles G Mullighan
- Department of Pathology, Center of Excellence for Leukemia Studies, and Hematological Malignancies Program, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis TN
| | - J Andres Yunes
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Centro Infantil Boldrini, Campinas, SP
| | | | - Françoise Pflumio
- Université Paris-Saclay, INSERM, iRCM/IBFJ CEA, UMR Stabilité Génétique Cellules Souches et Radiations, F-92265, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; OPALE Carnot Institute, The Organization for Partnerships in Leukemia, Saint-Louis Hospital, 75010 Paris
| | - João T Barata
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon.
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Liu T, Li T, Ke S. Role of the CASZ1 transcription factor in tissue development and disease. Eur J Med Res 2023; 28:562. [PMID: 38053207 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-023-01548-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The zinc finger transcription factor gene, CASZ1/Castor (Castor zinc finger 1), initially identified in Drosophila, plays a critical role in neural, cardiac, and cardiovascular development, exerting a complex, multifaceted influence on cell fate and tissue morphogenesis. During neurogenesis, CASZ1 exhibits dynamic expression from early embryonic development to the perinatal period, constituting a key regulator in this process. Additionally, CASZ1 controls the transition between neurogenesis and gliomagenesis. During human cardiovascular system development, CASZ1 is essential for cardiomyocyte differentiation, cardiac morphogenesis, and vascular morphology homeostasis and formation. The deletion or inactivation of CASZ1 mutations can lead to human developmental diseases or tumors, including congenital heart disease, cardiovascular disease, and neuroblastoma. CASZ1 can be used as a biomarker for disease prevention and diagnosis as well as a prognostic indicator for cancer. This review explores the unique functions of CASZ1 in tissue morphogenesis and associated diseases, offering new insights for elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying diseases and identifying potential therapeutic targets for disease prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Liu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, 156 Jinshui East Road, Zhengzhou, 450046, Henan, China.
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, Henan, China.
| | - Tao Li
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Shaorui Ke
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, 156 Jinshui East Road, Zhengzhou, 450046, Henan, China
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, Henan, China
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Zhang F, Fu C, Deng Y, Zhang M, Peng H, Li W, Zhong J, Zhou Q, Huang L, Xiao S, Zhao J. Association of CASZ1 genetic variants with stroke risk in the Chinese population. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2023; 32:107169. [PMID: 37182340 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2023.107169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stroke is a heterogeneous disease with multiple etiologies, placing a heavy burden on the world. Our purpose was to clarify the association between CASZ1 genetic variants and stroke risk in the Chinese population. METHODS The Agena MassARRAY platform effectively genotyped three single nucleotide polymorphisms of CASZ1 in recruited 591 stroke patients and 553 healthy controls. Logistic regression genetic models were employed to evaluate the relationship between CASZ1 polymorphisms and stroke risk through odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Then, the interaction between CASZ1 variants was detected by multifactor dimensionality reduction (MDR). Moreover, functional enrichment analyses of the CASZ1 gene were performed by Metascape. RESULTS In this study, CASZ1 rs4845941 and rs778228 were significantly associated with an increased risk of stroke. In particular, the gender-stratified analysis also showed that rs778228 of CASZ1 had an association with higher stroke risk in females. The relationship between stroke susceptibility and the interaction models of rs4845941, rs778228, and rs17035539 forecasted by MDR were analyzed to improve the ability to predict stroke risk. Furthermore, we found CASZ1 and related genes might facilitate the occurrence of stroke. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that CASZ1 genetic variants (rs4845941 and rs778228) contribute to the occurrence of stroke in the Chinese population, and therefore has important implications for treating and preventing stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhang
- Department of Cerebrovascular disease, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou 570311, Hainan, China
| | - Chuanyi Fu
- Department of Cerebrovascular disease, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou 570311, Hainan, China
| | - Yidong Deng
- Department of Cerebrovascular disease, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou 570311, Hainan, China
| | - Mao Zhang
- Department of Cerebrovascular disease, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou 570311, Hainan, China
| | - Hao Peng
- Department of Cerebrovascular disease, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou 570311, Hainan, China
| | - Wenan Li
- Department of Cerebrovascular disease, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou 570311, Hainan, China
| | - Jian Zhong
- Department of Cerebrovascular disease, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou 570311, Hainan, China
| | - Qing Zhou
- Department of Cerebrovascular disease, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou 570311, Hainan, China
| | - Li Huang
- Department of Cerebrovascular disease, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou 570311, Hainan, China
| | - Shuli Xiao
- Department of Cerebrovascular disease, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou 570311, Hainan, China
| | - Jiannong Zhao
- Neurosurgery, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou 570311, Hainan, China; Neurosurgery, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, Hainan, China.
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Jian H, Poetsch A. CASZ1: Current Implications in Cardiovascular Diseases and Cancers. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2079. [PMID: 37509718 PMCID: PMC10377389 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11072079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Castor zinc finger 1 (CASZ1) is a C2H2 zinc finger family protein that has two splicing variants, CASZ1a and CASZ1b. It is involved in multiple physiological processes, such as tissue differentiation and aldosterone antagonism. Genetic and epigenetic alternations of CASZ1 have been characterized in multiple cardiovascular disorders, such as congenital heart diseases, chronic venous diseases, and hypertension. However, little is known about how CASZ1 mechanically participates in the pathogenesis of these diseases. Over the past decades, at first glance, paradoxical influences on cell behaviors and progressions of different cancer types have been discovered for CASZ1, which may be explained by a "double-agent" role for CASZ1. In this review, we discuss the physiological function of CASZ1, and focus on the association of CASZ1 aberrations with the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases and cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Jian
- Queen Mary School, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Ansgar Poetsch
- Queen Mary School, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
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Yokota K, Shibata H, Kurihara I, Itoh H, Sone M. CASZ1: a promising factor modulating aldosterone biosynthesis and mineralocorticoid receptor activity. Hypertens Res 2023; 46:417-420. [PMID: 36522424 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-022-01131-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Hypertension is the definitive risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Primary aldosteronism (PA), a typical form of secondary hypertension, is responsible for treatment-resistant hypertension and carries an even higher risk of causing cardiovascular complications than essential hypertension. Several genes involved in the pathogenesis of hypertension have been identified recently using genome-wide association studies (GWASs). Among these, castor zinc finger 1(CASZ1) is considered to be involved in the pathophysiology of hypertension via modulation of aldosterone action. In 2021, using a biochemical approach with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis, we identified CASZ1b, an isoform of CASZ1, as a novel mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) coregulator. Our further analysis revealed that CASZ1b is coexpressed with MR in MR targets such as kidney tubule cells, and that a decrease in CASZ1 protein levels promotes aldosterone-dependent transcriptional activity of MR. Further, a recent study of GWAS on PA identified CASZ1 to be a PA-related gene and demonstrated that overexpression of CASZ1 suppresses aldosterone biosynthesis in adrenal cells. These results suggest CASZ1 plays a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of hypertension and PA via dual mechanisms: aldosterone biosynthesis and transcriptional activity of MR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichi Yokota
- Division of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan.
| | - Hirotaka Shibata
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, Rheumatology and Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita, Japan
| | - Isao Kurihara
- Department of Medical Education, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan.,Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Itoh
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masakatsu Sone
- Division of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
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Loss of CASZ1 tumor suppressor linked to oncogenic subversion of neuroblastoma core regulatory circuitry. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:871. [PMID: 36243768 PMCID: PMC9569368 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05314-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The neural crest lineage regulatory transcription factors (TFs) form a core regulatory circuitry (CRC) in neuroblastoma (NB) to specify a noradrenergic tumor phenotype. Oncogenic subversion of CRC TFs is well documented, but the role of loss of tumor suppressors plays remains unclear. Zinc-finger TF CASZ1 is a chromosome 1p36 (chr1p36) tumor suppressor. Single-cell RNA sequencing data analyses indicate that CASZ1 is highly expressed in developing chromaffin cells coincident with an expression of NB CRC TFs. In NB tumor cells, the CASZ1 tumor suppressor is silenced while CRC components are highly expressed. We find the NB CRC component HAND2 directly represses CASZ1 expression. ChIP-seq and transcriptomic analyses reveal that restoration of CASZ1 upregulates noradrenergic neuronal genes and represses expression of CRC components by remodeling enhancer activity. Our study identifies that the restored CASZ1 forms a negative feedback regulatory circuit with the established NB CRC to induce noradrenergic neuronal differentiation of NB.
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Gordon DM, Cunningham D, Zender G, Lawrence PJ, Penaloza JS, Lin H, Fitzgerald-Butt SM, Myers K, Duong T, Corsmeier DJ, Gaither JB, Kuck HC, Wijeratne S, Moreland B, Kelly BJ, Garg V, White P, McBride KL. Exome sequencing in multiplex families with left-sided cardiac defects has high yield for disease gene discovery. PLoS Genet 2022; 18:e1010236. [PMID: 35737725 PMCID: PMC9258875 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1010236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenital heart disease (CHD) is a common group of birth defects with a strong genetic contribution to their etiology, but historically the diagnostic yield from exome studies of isolated CHD has been low. Pleiotropy, variable expressivity, and the difficulty of accurately phenotyping newborns contribute to this problem. We hypothesized that performing exome sequencing on selected individuals in families with multiple members affected by left-sided CHD, then filtering variants by population frequency, in silico predictive algorithms, and phenotypic annotations from publicly available databases would increase this yield and generate a list of candidate disease-causing variants that would show a high validation rate. In eight of the nineteen families in our study (42%), we established a well-known gene/phenotype link for a candidate variant or performed confirmation of a candidate variant’s effect on protein function, including variants in genes not previously described or firmly established as disease genes in the body of CHD literature: BMP10, CASZ1, ROCK1 and SMYD1. Two plausible variants in different genes were found to segregate in the same family in two instances suggesting oligogenic inheritance. These results highlight the need for functional validation and demonstrate that in the era of next-generation sequencing, multiplex families with isolated CHD can still bring high yield to the discovery of novel disease genes. Congenital heart disease is a common group of birth defects that are a leading cause of death in children under one year of age. There is strong evidence that genetics plays a role in causing congenital heart disease. While studies using individual cases have identified causative genes for those with a heart defect when accompanied by other birth defects or intellectual disabilities, for individuals who have only a heart defect without other problems, a genetic cause can be found in fewer than 10%. In this study, we enrolled families where there was more than one individual with a heart defect. This allowed us to take advantage of inheritance by searching for potential disease-causing genetic variants in common among all affected individuals in the family. Among 19 families studied, we were able to find a plausible disease-causing variant in eight of them and identified new genes that may cause or contribute to the presence of a heart defect. Two families had potential disease-causing variants in two different genes. We designed assays to test if the variants led to altered function of the protein coded by the gene, demonstrating a functional consequence that support the gene and variant as contributing to the heart defect. These findings show that studying families may be more effective than using individuals to find causes of heart defects. In addition, this family-based method suggests that changes in more than one gene may be required for a heart defect to occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M. Gordon
- Computational Genomics Group, The Steve and Cindy Rasmussen Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - David Cunningham
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and The Heart Center, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Gloria Zender
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and The Heart Center, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Patrick J. Lawrence
- Computational Genomics Group, The Steve and Cindy Rasmussen Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and The Heart Center, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Jacqueline S. Penaloza
- Computational Genomics Group, The Steve and Cindy Rasmussen Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Hui Lin
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and The Heart Center, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Sara M. Fitzgerald-Butt
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and The Heart Center, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Katherine Myers
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and The Heart Center, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Tiffany Duong
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and The Heart Center, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Donald J. Corsmeier
- Computational Genomics Group, The Steve and Cindy Rasmussen Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey B. Gaither
- Computational Genomics Group, The Steve and Cindy Rasmussen Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Harkness C. Kuck
- Computational Genomics Group, The Steve and Cindy Rasmussen Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Saranga Wijeratne
- Computational Genomics Group, The Steve and Cindy Rasmussen Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Blythe Moreland
- Computational Genomics Group, The Steve and Cindy Rasmussen Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Benjamin J. Kelly
- Computational Genomics Group, The Steve and Cindy Rasmussen Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | | | - Vidu Garg
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and The Heart Center, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- * E-mail: (VG); (PW); (KLM)
| | - Peter White
- Computational Genomics Group, The Steve and Cindy Rasmussen Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- * E-mail: (VG); (PW); (KLM)
| | - Kim L. McBride
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and The Heart Center, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- * E-mail: (VG); (PW); (KLM)
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Milanesi M, Passamonti MM, Cappelli K, Minuti A, Palombo V, Sgorlon S, Capomaccio S, D’Andrea M, Trevisi E, Stefanon B, Williams JL, Ajmone-Marsan P. Genetic Regulation of Biomarkers as Stress Proxies in Dairy Cows. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12040534. [PMID: 33917627 PMCID: PMC8067459 DOI: 10.3390/genes12040534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Stress in livestock reduces productivity and is a welfare concern. At a physiological level, stress is associated with the activation of inflammatory responses and increased levels of harmful reactive oxygen species. Biomarkers that are indicative of stress could facilitate the identification of more stress-resilient animals. We examined twenty-one metabolic, immune response, and liver function biomarkers that have been associated with stress in 416 Italian Simmental and 436 Italian Holstein cows which were genotyped for 150K SNPs. Single-SNP and haplotype-based genome-wide association studies were carried out to assess whether the variation in the levels in these biomarkers is under genetic control and to identify the genomic loci involved. Significant associations were found for the plasma levels of ceruloplasmin (Bos taurus chromosome 1-BTA1), paraoxonase (BTA4) and γ-glutamyl transferase (BTA17) in the individual breed analysis that coincided with the position of the genes coding for these proteins, suggesting that their expression is under cis-regulation. A meta-analysis of both breeds identified additional significant associations with paraoxonase on BTA 16 and 26. Finding genetic associations with variations in the levels of these biomarkers suggests that the selection for high or low levels of expression could be achieved rapidly. Whether the level of expression of the biomarkers correlates with the response to stressful situations has yet to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Milanesi
- Department of Animal Science, Food and Nutrition—DIANA, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122 Piacenza, Italy; (M.M.); (M.M.P.); (A.M.); (E.T.); (J.L.W.)
- Department for Innovation in Biological, Agro-Food and Forest Systems—DIBAF, Università della Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Matilde Maria Passamonti
- Department of Animal Science, Food and Nutrition—DIANA, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122 Piacenza, Italy; (M.M.); (M.M.P.); (A.M.); (E.T.); (J.L.W.)
| | - Katia Cappelli
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (K.C.); (S.C.)
| | - Andrea Minuti
- Department of Animal Science, Food and Nutrition—DIANA, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122 Piacenza, Italy; (M.M.); (M.M.P.); (A.M.); (E.T.); (J.L.W.)
| | - Valentino Palombo
- Dipartimento Agricoltura Ambiente e Alimenti, Università del Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy; (V.P.); (M.D.)
| | - Sandy Sgorlon
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agroalimentari, Ambientali e Animali. Università degli Studi di Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy; (S.S.); (B.S.)
| | - Stefano Capomaccio
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (K.C.); (S.C.)
| | - Mariasilvia D’Andrea
- Dipartimento Agricoltura Ambiente e Alimenti, Università del Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy; (V.P.); (M.D.)
| | - Erminio Trevisi
- Department of Animal Science, Food and Nutrition—DIANA, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122 Piacenza, Italy; (M.M.); (M.M.P.); (A.M.); (E.T.); (J.L.W.)
| | - Bruno Stefanon
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agroalimentari, Ambientali e Animali. Università degli Studi di Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy; (S.S.); (B.S.)
| | - John Lewis Williams
- Department of Animal Science, Food and Nutrition—DIANA, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122 Piacenza, Italy; (M.M.); (M.M.P.); (A.M.); (E.T.); (J.L.W.)
- Davies Research Centre, School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5371, Australia
| | - Paolo Ajmone-Marsan
- Department of Animal Science, Food and Nutrition—DIANA, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122 Piacenza, Italy; (M.M.); (M.M.P.); (A.M.); (E.T.); (J.L.W.)
- Nutrigenomics and Proteomics Research Center-PRONUTRIGEN, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122 Piacenza, Italy
- Correspondence:
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Yokota K, Shibata H, Kurihara I, Kobayashi S, Murai-Takeda A, Itoh H. CASZ1b is a novel transcriptional corepressor of mineralocorticoid receptor. Hypertens Res 2020; 44:407-416. [DOI: 10.1038/s41440-020-00562-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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10
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Wang X, Shi D, Zhao D, Hu D. Aberrant Methylation and Differential Expression of SLC2A1, TNS4, GAPDH, ATP8A2, and CASZ1 Are Associated with the Prognosis of Lung Adenocarcinoma. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:1807089. [PMID: 33029490 PMCID: PMC7532994 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1807089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the leading triggers for cancer death worldwide. In this study, the relationship of the aberrantly methylated and differentially expressed genes in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) with cancer prognosis was investigated, and 5 feature genes were identified eventually. Specifically, we firstly downloaded the LUAD-related mRNA expression profile (including 57 normal tissue samples and 464 LUAD tissue samples) and Methy450 expression data (including 32 normal tissue samples and 373 LUAD tissue samples) from the TCGA database. The package "limma" was used to screen differentially expressed genes and aberrantly methylated genes, which were intersected for identifying the hypermethylated downregulated genes (DGs Hyper) and the hypomethylated upregulated genes (UGs Hypo). GO annotation and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were further performed, and it was found that these DGs Hyper and UGs Hypo were predominantly activated in the biological processes and signaling pathways such as the regulation of vasculature development, DNA-binding transcription activator activity, and Ras signaling pathway, indicating that these genes play a vital role in the initiation and progression of LUAD. Additionally, univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were conducted to find the genes significantly associated with LUAD prognosis. Five genes including SLC2A1, TNS4, GAPDH, ATP8A2, and CASZ1 were identified, with the former three highly expressed and the latter two poorly expressed in LUAD, indicating poor prognosis of LUAD patients as judged by survival analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Wang
- Department of Pneumology, The First People's Hospital of Fuyang, Fuyang, China
| | - Dongming Shi
- Department of Pneumology, The First People's Hospital of Fuyang, Fuyang, China
| | - Dejun Zhao
- Department of Pneumology, The First People's Hospital of Fuyang, Fuyang, China
| | - Danping Hu
- Department of Pneumology, The First People's Hospital of Fuyang, Fuyang, China
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11
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Liu Z, Zhang X, Lei H, Lam N, Carter S, Yockey O, Xu M, Mendoza A, Hernandez ER, Wei JS, Khan J, Yohe ME, Shern JF, Thiele CJ. CASZ1 induces skeletal muscle and rhabdomyosarcoma differentiation through a feed-forward loop with MYOD and MYOG. Nat Commun 2020; 11:911. [PMID: 32060262 PMCID: PMC7021771 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-14684-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (ERMS) is a childhood cancer that expresses myogenic master regulatory factor MYOD but fails to differentiate. Here, we show that the zinc finger transcription factor CASZ1 up-regulates MYOD signature genes and induces skeletal muscle differentiation in normal myoblasts and ERMS. The oncogenic activation of the RAS-MEK pathway suppresses CASZ1 expression in ERMS. ChIP-seq, ATAC-seq and RNA-seq experiments reveal that CASZ1 directly up-regulates skeletal muscle genes and represses non-muscle genes through affecting regional epigenetic modifications, chromatin accessibility and super-enhancer establishment. Next generation sequencing of primary RMS tumors identified a single nucleotide variant in the CASZ1 coding region that potentially contributes to ERMS tumorigenesis. Taken together, loss of CASZ1 activity, due to RAS-MEK signaling or genetic alteration, impairs ERMS differentiation, contributing to RMS tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihui Liu
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Xiyuan Zhang
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Haiyan Lei
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Norris Lam
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sakereh Carter
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Oliver Yockey
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Max Xu
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Arnulfo Mendoza
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Edjay R Hernandez
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jun S Wei
- Genetics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Javed Khan
- Genetics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Marielle E Yohe
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jack F Shern
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Carol J Thiele
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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12
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Savory K, Manivannan S, Zaben M, Uzun O, Syed YA. Impact of copy number variation on human neurocognitive deficits and congenital heart defects: A systematic review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2019; 108:83-93. [PMID: 31682886 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Copy number variant (CNV) syndromes are often associated with both neurocognitive deficits (NCDs) and congenital heart defects (CHDs). Children and adults with cardiac developmental defects likely to have NCDs leading to increased risk of hospitalisation and reduced level of independence. To date, the association between these two phenotypes have not been explored in relation to CNV syndromes. In order to address this question, we systematically reviewed the prevalence of CHDs in a range of CNV syndromes associated with NCDs. A meta-analysis showed a relationship with the size of CNV and its association with both NCDs and CHDs, and also inheritance pattern. To our knowledge, this is the first review to establish association between NCD and CHDs in CNV patients, specifically in relation to the severity of NCD. Importantly, we also found specific types of CHDs were associated with severe neurocognitive deficits. Finally, we discuss the implications of these results for patients in the clinical setting which warrants further exploration of this association in order to lead an improvement in the quality of patient's life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrina Savory
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute (NMHRI), Hadyn Ellis Building, Cathays, CF24 4HQ, Cardiff, UK; School of Bioscience, The Sir Martin Evans Building, Museum Ave, Cardiff, CF10 3AX, UK
| | - Susruta Manivannan
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute (NMHRI), Hadyn Ellis Building, Cathays, CF24 4HQ, Cardiff, UK
| | - Malik Zaben
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute (NMHRI), Hadyn Ellis Building, Cathays, CF24 4HQ, Cardiff, UK
| | - Orhan Uzun
- University Hospital of Wales, Heath Park, Cardiff, CF10 3AX, UK
| | - Yasir Ahmed Syed
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute (NMHRI), Hadyn Ellis Building, Cathays, CF24 4HQ, Cardiff, UK; School of Bioscience, The Sir Martin Evans Building, Museum Ave, Cardiff, CF10 3AX, UK.
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13
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The Prognostic Significance of Protein Expression of CASZ1 in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. DISEASE MARKERS 2019; 2019:1342161. [PMID: 31481981 PMCID: PMC6701416 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1342161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Backgrounds Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common histologic subtype of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and shows a relatively poor prognosis among RCCs. Castor zinc finger 1 (CASZ1) is a transcription factor, prominently known for its tumor suppression role in neuroblastoma and other cancers. However, there has been no research about the prognostic significance of CASZ1 in ccRCC. In this study, we investigated CASZ1 expression in ccRCC and analyzed its prognostic implications. Methods A total of 896 ccRCC patients, who underwent surgical resection from 1995 to 2008, were included. We prepared tissue microarray blocks, evaluated CASZ1 nuclear expression by immunohistochemistry, and classified the cases into low or high expression categories. Results A low expression of CASZ1 was observed in 320 cases (35.7%) and was significantly associated with large tumor size, high World Health Organization/International Society of Urological Pathology (WHO/ISUP) grade, and high T category and M category. In survival analysis, a low expression of CASZ1 was significantly correlated with unfavorable progression-free survival (PFS) (p < 0.001), overall survival (OS) (p < 0.001), and cancer-specific survival (CSS) (p < 0.001) and was an independent prognostic factor for PFS and CSS in multivariate analysis adjusted for tumor size, WHO/ISUP grade, T category, N category, and M category. Conclusions Our study is the first to show the prognostic significance of CASZ1 expression in ccRCC. Our results revealed that low expression of CASZ1 is associated with poor prognosis and may serve as a new prognostic indicator.
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14
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McClintick JN, Tischfield JA, Deng L, Kapoor M, Xuei X, Edenberg HJ. Ethanol activates immune response in lymphoblastoid cells. Alcohol 2019; 79:81-91. [PMID: 30639126 PMCID: PMC6616005 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2019.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The short-term effects of alcohol on gene expression in brain tissue cannot directly be studied in humans. Because neuroimmune signaling is altered by alcohol, immune cells are a logical, accessible choice to study and may provide biomarkers. RNAseq was used to study the effects of 48-h exposure to ethanol on lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) from 20 alcoholic subjects and 20 control subjects. Ethanol exposure resulted in differential expression of 4456 of the 12,503 genes detectably expressed in the LCLs (FDR [false discovery rate] ≤ 0.05); 52% of these showed increased expression. Cells from alcoholic subjects and control subjects responded similarly. The genes whose expression changed fell into many pathways: NFκB, neuroinflammation, IL6, IL2, IL8, and dendritic cell maturation pathways were activated, consistent with increased signaling by NFκB, TNF, IL1, IL4, IL18, TLR4, and LPS. Signaling by Interferons A and B decreased, as did EIF2 signaling, phospholipase C signaling, and glycolysis. Baseline gene expression patterns were similar in LCLs from alcoholic subjects and control subjects. At relaxed stringency (p < 0.05), 465 genes differed, 230 of which were also affected by ethanol. There was a suggestion of compensation because baseline differences (no ethanol) were in the opposite direction of differences due to ethanol exposure in 78% of these genes. Pathways with IL8, phospholipase C, and α-adrenergic signaling were significant. The pattern of expression was consistent with increased signaling by several cytokines, including interferons, TLR2, and TLR3 in alcoholics. Expression of genes in the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway, including the rate-limiting enzyme HMGCR, was lower in alcoholic subjects. LCLs show many effects of ethanol exposure, some of which might provide biomarkers for alcohol use disorders. Identifying genes and pathways altered by ethanol can aid in interpreting which genes within loci identified by GWAS might play functional roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanette N McClintick
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, United States.
| | - Jay A Tischfield
- Department of Genetics and the Human Genetics Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, United States
| | - Li Deng
- Department of Genetics and the Human Genetics Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, United States
| | - Manav Kapoor
- Departments of Neuroscience, Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, United States
| | - Xiaoling Xuei
- Department of Medical & Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, United States
| | - Howard J Edenberg
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, United States; Department of Medical & Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, United States
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15
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Wang JL, Yang MY, Xiao S, Sun B, Li YM, Yang LY. Downregulation of castor zinc finger 1 predicts poor prognosis and facilitates hepatocellular carcinoma progression via MAPK/ERK signaling. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2018; 37:45. [PMID: 29506567 PMCID: PMC5836448 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-018-0720-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Background Castor zinc finger 1 (CASZ1) plays critical roles in various biological processes and pathologic conditions, including cancer. However, the prognostic importance and biologic functions of CASZ1 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are still unclear. Methods qRT-PCR, western blot and immunohistochemistry analyses were used to determine CASZ1 expression in HCC samples and cell lines. The clinical significance of CASZ1 was assessed in two independent study cohorts containing 232 patients with HCC. A series of in vitro and in vivo experiments were performed to explore the role and molecular mechanism of CASZ1 in HCC progression. Results Here we report that CASZ1 expression was downregulated in HCC tissues and cell lines. Low CASZ1 expression was closely correlated with aggressive clinicopathological features, poor clinical outcomes and early recurrence of HCC patients. Moreover, overexpression of CASZ1 in HCCLM3 cells significantly inhibited cell proliferation, migration, invasion in vitro and tumor growth and metastasis in vivo, whereas silencing CASZ1 significantly enhanced the above abilities of PLC/PRF/5 cells. Further mechanism study indicated that these phenotypic changes were mediated by MAPK/ERK signaling pathway and involved altered expression of MMP2, MMP9 and cyclinD1. Finally, we proved that CASZ1 exerted its tumor-suppressive effect by directly interacting with RAF1 and reducing the protein stability of RAF1. Conclusions Our study for the first time demonstrated that CASZ1 is a tumor suppressor in HCC, which may serve as a novel prognostic predictor and therapeutic target for HCC patients. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13046-018-0720-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Long Wang
- Liver Cancer Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Xiangya Road 87, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Meng-Yuan Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shuai Xiao
- Liver Cancer Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Xiangya Road 87, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.,Department of Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Bo Sun
- Liver Cancer Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Xiangya Road 87, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Yi-Ming Li
- Liver Cancer Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Xiangya Road 87, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Lian-Yue Yang
- Liver Cancer Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Xiangya Road 87, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China. .,Department of Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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16
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Liu Z, Lam N, Thiele CJ. Zinc finger transcription factor CASZ1 interacts with histones, DNA repair proteins and recruits NuRD complex to regulate gene transcription. Oncotarget 2016; 6:27628-40. [PMID: 26296975 PMCID: PMC4695013 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The zinc finger transcription factor CASZ1 has been found to control neural fate-determination in flies, regulate murine and frog cardiac development, control murine retinal cell progenitor expansion and function as a tumor suppressor gene in humans. However, the molecular mechanism by which CASZ1 regulates gene transcription to exert these diverse biological functions has not been described. Here we identify co-factors that are recruited by CASZ1b to regulate gene transcription using co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) and mass spectrometry assays. We find that CASZ1b binds to the nucleosome remodeling and histone deacetylase (NuRD) complex, histones and DNA repair proteins. Mutagenesis of the CASZ1b protein assay demonstrates that the N-terminus of CASZ1b is required for NuRD binding, and a poly(ADP-ribose) binding motif in the CASZ1b protein is required for histone H3 and DNA repair proteins binding. The N-terminus of CASZ1b fused to an artificial DNA-binding domain (GAL4DBD) causes a significant repression of transcription (5xUAS-luciferase assay), which could be blocked by treatment with an HDAC inhibitor. Realtime PCR results show that the transcriptional activity of CASZ1b mutants that abrogate NuRD or histone H3/DNA binding is significantly decreased. This indicates a model in which CASZ1b binds to chromatin and recruits NuRD complexes to orchestrate epigenetic-mediated transcriptional programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihui Liu
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Norris Lam
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Carol J Thiele
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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17
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Selman M, López-Otín C, Pardo A. Age-driven developmental drift in the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Eur Respir J 2016; 48:538-52. [DOI: 10.1183/13993003.00398-2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive and usually lethal disease of unknown aetiology. A growing body of evidence supports that IPF represents an epithelial-driven process characterised by aberrant epithelial cell behaviour, fibroblast/myofibroblast activation and excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix with the subsequent destruction of the lung architecture. The mechanisms involved in the abnormal hyper-activation of the epithelium are unclear, but we propose that recapitulation of pathways and processes critical to embryological development associated with a tissue specific age-related stochastic epigenetic drift may be implicated. These pathways may also contribute to the distinctive behaviour of IPF fibroblasts. Genomic and epigenomic studies have revealed that wingless/Int, sonic hedgehog and other developmental signalling pathways are reactivated and deregulated in IPF. Moreover, some of these pathways cross-talk with transforming growth factor-β activating a profibrotic feedback loop. The expression pattern of microRNAs is also dysregulated in IPF and exhibits a similar expression profile to embryonic lungs. In addition, senescence, a process usually associated with ageing, which occurs early in alveolar epithelial cells of IPF lungs, likely represents a conserved programmed developmental mechanism. Here, we review the major developmental pathways that get twisted in IPF, and discuss the connection with ageing and potential therapeutic approaches.
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18
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Liu Z, Lam N, Wang E, Virden RA, Pawel B, Attiyeh EF, Maris JM, Thiele CJ. Identification of CASZ1 NES reveals potential mechanisms for loss of CASZ1 tumor suppressor activity in neuroblastoma. Oncogene 2016; 36:97-109. [PMID: 27270431 PMCID: PMC5140774 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2016.179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Revised: 03/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
As a transcription factor, localization to the nucleus and the recruitment of cofactors to regulate gene transcription is essential. Nuclear localization and nucleosome remodeling and histone deacetylase (NuRD) complex binding are required for the zinc-finger transcription factor CASZ1 to function as a neuroblastoma (NB) tumor suppressor. However, the critical amino acids (AAs) that are required for CASZ1 interaction with NuRD complex and the regulation of CASZ1 subcellular localization have not been characterized. Through alanine scanning, immunofluorescence cell staining and co-immunoprecipitation, we define a critical region at the CASZ1 N terminus (AAs 23-40) that mediates the CASZ1b nuclear localization and NuRD interaction. Furthermore, we identified a nuclear export signal (NES) at the N terminus (AAs 176-192) that contributes to CASZ1 nuclear-cytoplasmic shuttling in a chromosomal maintenance 1-dependent manner. An analysis of CASZ1 protein expression in a primary NB tissue microarray shows that high nuclear CASZ1 staining is detected in tumor samples from NB patients with good prognosis. In contrast, cytoplasmic-restricted CASZ1 staining or low nuclear CASZ1 staining is found in tumor samples from patients with poor prognosis. These findings provide insight into mechanisms by which CASZ1 regulates transcription, and suggests that regulation of CASZ1 subcellular localization may impact its function in normal development and pathologic conditions such as NB tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Liu
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - N Lam
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - E Wang
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - R A Virden
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - B Pawel
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - E F Attiyeh
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - J M Maris
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - C J Thiele
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
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19
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Wu YY, Chang CL, Chuang YJ, Wu JE, Tung CH, Chen YC, Chen YL, Hong TM, Hsu KF. CASZ1 is a novel promoter of metastasis in ovarian cancer. Am J Cancer Res 2016; 6:1253-1270. [PMID: 27429842 PMCID: PMC4937731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) carries the highest mortality rate of all gynecologic malignancies. This high mortality rate is attributed to the fact that most cases of ovarian cancer are detected at late stages when metastases are already present. Through microarray analysis, we previously demonstrated that castor zinc finger 1 (CASZ1) is up-regulated in EOC cells. In contrast to its role in EOC, CASZ1 functions a tumor suppressor in neuroblastoma. Human CASZ1 is predominantly expressed in 2 alternatively spliced isoforms: CASZ1a and CASZ1b. In the present study, we investigated the role of CASZ1 in ovarian cancer cell migration and invasion and assessed the value of CASZ1 expression as a prognostic indicator of metastasis in human ovarian cancer. We used a lentivirus expressing CASZ1-shRNA and a plasmid expressing CASZ1 from a CMV promoter to knockdown and overexpress CASZ1, respectively, in the MCAS, RMUG-S, TOV21G, and A2780(CP70) ovarian cancer cell lines. mRNA expression levels in tumor tissues and cell lines were measured using quantitative real-time PCR, and CASZ1 protein expression in EOC and paired metastatic tumor tissues was analyzed using immunohistochemistry. We found that CASZ1 was highly expressed in EOC tissues and ovarian cancer cell lines and that CASZ1 knockdown suppressed cell migration and invasion in EOC cells. CASZ1a and CASZ1b exerted similar effects on cell migration and invasion in EOC cells. In addition, CASZ1 promoted the epithelial-mesenchymal transition in EOC cells, and CASZ1 knockdown suppressed cancer metastasis in vivo. Furthermore, CASZ1 protein levels were elevated in human metastatic ovarian tumor tissues. Together, these results indicate that CASZ1 is a novel promoter of EOC metastasis and is highly up-regulated in metastatic EOC tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ying Wu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung UniversityTainan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Lin Chang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung UniversityTainan, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Jhe Chuang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung UniversityTainan, Taiwan
| | - Jia-En Wu
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung UniversityTainan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hao Tung
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung UniversityTainan, Taiwan
| | - Yeong-Chang Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung UniversityTainan, Taiwan
| | - Yuh-Ling Chen
- Institute of Oral Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung UniversityTainan, Taiwan
| | - Tse-Ming Hong
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung UniversityTainan, Taiwan
| | - Keng-Fu Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung UniversityTainan, Taiwan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung UniversityTainan, Taiwan
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20
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Monteiro CB, Midão L, Rebelo S, Reguenga C, Lima D, Monteiro FA. Zinc finger transcription factor Casz1 expression is regulated by homeodomain transcription factor Prrxl1 in embryonic spinal dorsal horn late-born excitatory interneurons. Eur J Neurosci 2016; 43:1449-59. [PMID: 26913565 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.13214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Revised: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The transcription factor Casz1 is required for proper assembly of vertebrate vasculature and heart morphogenesis as well as for temporal control of Drosophila neuroblasts and mouse retina progenitors in the generation of different cell types. Although Casz1 function in the mammalian nervous system remains largely unexplored, Casz1 is expressed in several regions of this system. Here we provide a detailed spatiotemporal characterization of Casz1 expression along mouse dorsal root ganglion (DRG) and dorsal spinal cord development by immunochemistry. In the DRG, Casz1 is broadly expressed in sensory neurons since they are born until perinatal age. In the dorsal spinal cord, Casz1 displays a more dynamic pattern being first expressed in dorsal interneuron 1 (dI1) progenitors and their derived neurons and then in a large subset of embryonic dorsal late-born excitatory (dILB) neurons that narrows gradually to become restricted perinatally to the inner portion. Strikingly, expression analyses using Prrxl1-knockout mice revealed that Prrxl1, a key transcription factor in the differentiation of dILB neurons, is a positive regulator of Casz1 expression in the embryonic dorsal spinal cord but not in the DRG. By performing chromatin immunoprecipitation in the dorsal spinal cord, we identified two Prrxl1-bound regions within Casz1 introns, suggesting that Prrxl1 directly regulates Casz1 transcription. Our work reveals that Casz1 lies downstream of Prrxl1 in the differentiation pathway of a large subset of dILB neurons and provides a framework for further studies of Casz1 in assembly of the DRG-spinal circuit.
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Affiliation(s)
- César B Monteiro
- Departamento de Biologia Experimental, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal.,Pain Research Group, I3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Luís Midão
- Departamento de Biologia Experimental, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal.,Pain Research Group, I3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sandra Rebelo
- Departamento de Biologia Experimental, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal.,Pain Research Group, I3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Carlos Reguenga
- Departamento de Biologia Experimental, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal.,Pain Research Group, I3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Deolinda Lima
- Departamento de Biologia Experimental, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal.,Pain Research Group, I3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Filipe A Monteiro
- Departamento de Biologia Experimental, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal.,Pain Research Group, I3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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21
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Kang D, Skalsky RL, Cullen BR. EBV BART MicroRNAs Target Multiple Pro-apoptotic Cellular Genes to Promote Epithelial Cell Survival. PLoS Pathog 2015; 11:e1004979. [PMID: 26070070 PMCID: PMC4466530 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1004979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a ubiquitous human γ-herpesvirus that can give rise to cancers of both B-cell and epithelial cell origin. In EBV-induced cancers of epithelial origin, including nasopharyngeal carcinomas (NPCs) and gastric carcinomas, the latent EBV genome expresses very high levels of a cluster of 22 viral pre-miRNAs, called the miR-BARTs, and these have previously been shown to confer a degree of resistance to pro-apoptotic drugs. Here, we present an analysis of the ability of individual miR-BART pre-miRNAs to confer an anti-apoptotic phenotype and report that five of the 22 miR-BARTs demonstrate this ability. We next used photoactivatable ribonucleoside-enhanced crosslinking and immunoprecipitation (PAR-CLIP) to globally identify the mRNA targets bound by these miR-BARTs in latently infected epithelial cells. This led to the identification of ten mRNAs encoding pro-apoptotic mRNA targets, all of which could be confirmed as valid targets for the five anti-apoptotic miR-BARTs by indicator assays and by demonstrating that ectopic expression of physiological levels of the relevant miR-BART in the epithelial cell line AGS resulted in a significant repression of the target mRNA as well as the encoded protein product. Using RNA interference, we further demonstrated that knockdown of at least seven of these cellular miR-BART target transcripts phenocopies the anti-apoptotic activity seen upon expression of the relevant EBV miR-BART miRNA. Together, these observations validate previously published reports arguing that the miR-BARTs can exert an anti-apoptotic effect in EBV-infected epithelial cells and provide a mechanistic explanation for this activity. Moreover, these results identify and validate a substantial number of novel mRNA targets for the anti-apoptotic miR-BARTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Kang
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- Center for Virology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Rebecca L. Skalsky
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- Center for Virology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Bryan R. Cullen
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- Center for Virology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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22
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Liu Z, Li W, Ma X, Ding N, Spallotta F, Southon E, Tessarollo L, Gaetano C, Mukouyama YS, Thiele CJ. Essential role of the zinc finger transcription factor Casz1 for mammalian cardiac morphogenesis and development. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:29801-16. [PMID: 25190801 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.570416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromosome 1p36 deletion syndrome is one of the most common terminal deletions observed in humans and is related to congenital heart disease (CHD). However, the 1p36 genes that contribute to heart disease have not been clearly delineated. Human CASZ1 gene localizes to 1p36 and encodes a zinc finger transcription factor. Casz1 is required for Xenopus heart ventral midline progenitor cell differentiation. Whether Casz1 plays a role during mammalian heart development is unknown. Our aim is to determine 1p36 gene CASZ1 function at regulating heart development in mammals. We generated a Casz1 knock-out mouse using Casz1-trapped embryonic stem cells. Casz1 deletion in mice resulted in abnormal heart development including hypoplasia of myocardium, ventricular septal defect, and disorganized morphology. Hypoplasia of myocardium was caused by decreased cardiomyocyte proliferation. Comparative genome-wide RNA transcriptome analysis of Casz1 depleted embryonic hearts identifies abnormal expression of genes that are critical for muscular system development and function, such as muscle contraction genes TNNI2, TNNT1, and CKM; contractile fiber gene ACTA1; and cardiac arrhythmia associated ion channel coding genes ABCC9 and CACNA1D. The transcriptional regulation of some of these genes by Casz1 was also found in cellular models. Our results showed that loss of Casz1 during mouse development led to heart defect including cardiac noncompaction and ventricular septal defect, which phenocopies 1p36 deletion syndrome related CHD. This suggests that CASZ1 is a novel 1p36 CHD gene and that the abnormal expression of cardiac morphogenesis and contraction genes induced by loss of Casz1 contributes to the heart defect.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wenling Li
- the Laboratories of Stem Cell and Neuro-vascular Biology and
| | - Xuefei Ma
- the Molecular Cardiology, NHLBI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, and
| | | | - Francesco Spallotta
- the Division of Cardiovascular Epigenetics, Department of Cardiology, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main 60596, Germany
| | - Eileen Southon
- the Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Neural Development Section, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Lino Tessarollo
- the Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Neural Development Section, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Carlo Gaetano
- the Division of Cardiovascular Epigenetics, Department of Cardiology, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main 60596, Germany
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23
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Sojka S, Amin NM, Gibbs D, Christine KS, Charpentier MS, Conlon FL. Congenital heart disease protein 5 associates with CASZ1 to maintain myocardial tissue integrity. Development 2014; 141:3040-9. [PMID: 24993940 DOI: 10.1242/dev.106518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The identification and characterization of the cellular and molecular pathways involved in the differentiation and morphogenesis of specific cell types of the developing heart are crucial to understanding the process of cardiac development and the pathology associated with human congenital heart disease. Here, we show that the cardiac transcription factor CASTOR (CASZ1) directly interacts with congenital heart disease 5 protein (CHD5), which is also known as tryptophan-rich basic protein (WRB), a gene located on chromosome 21 in the proposed region responsible for congenital heart disease in individuals with Down's syndrome. We demonstrate that loss of CHD5 in Xenopus leads to compromised myocardial integrity, improper deposition of basement membrane, and a resultant failure of hearts to undergo cell movements associated with cardiac formation. We further report that CHD5 is essential for CASZ1 function and that the CHD5-CASZ1 interaction is necessary for cardiac morphogenesis. Collectively, these results establish a role for CHD5 and CASZ1 in the early stages of vertebrate cardiac development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Sojka
- University of North Carolina McAllister Heart Institute, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280, USA Department of Biology, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280, USA
| | - Nirav M Amin
- University of North Carolina McAllister Heart Institute, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280, USA Department of Genetics, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280, USA
| | - Devin Gibbs
- Department of Biology, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280, USA
| | - Kathleen S Christine
- University of North Carolina McAllister Heart Institute, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280, USA Department of Biology, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280, USA
| | - Marta S Charpentier
- University of North Carolina McAllister Heart Institute, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280, USA Department of Genetics, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280, USA
| | - Frank L Conlon
- University of North Carolina McAllister Heart Institute, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280, USA Department of Biology, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280, USA Department of Genetics, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280, USA
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24
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Simino J, Shi G, Bis JC, Chasman DI, Ehret GB, Gu X, Guo X, Hwang SJ, Sijbrands E, Smith AV, Verwoert GC, Bragg-Gresham JL, Cadby G, Chen P, Cheng CY, Corre T, de Boer RA, Goel A, Johnson T, Khor CC, Lluís-Ganella C, Luan J, Lyytikäinen LP, Nolte IM, Sim X, Sõber S, van der Most PJ, Verweij N, Zhao JH, Amin N, Boerwinkle E, Bouchard C, Dehghan A, Eiriksdottir G, Elosua R, Franco OH, Gieger C, Harris TB, Hercberg S, Hofman A, James AL, Johnson AD, Kähönen M, Khaw KT, Kutalik Z, Larson MG, Launer LJ, Li G, Liu J, Liu K, Morrison AC, Navis G, Ong RTH, Papanicolau GJ, Penninx BW, Psaty BM, Raffel LJ, Raitakari OT, Rice K, Rivadeneira F, Rose LM, Sanna S, Scott RA, Siscovick DS, Stolk RP, Uitterlinden AG, Vaidya D, van der Klauw MM, Vasan RS, Vithana EN, Völker U, Völzke H, Watkins H, Young TL, Aung T, Bochud M, Farrall M, Hartman CA, Laan M, Lakatta EG, Lehtimäki T, Loos RJF, Lucas G, Meneton P, Palmer LJ, Rettig R, Snieder H, Tai ES, Teo YY, van der Harst P, Wareham NJ, Wijmenga C, Wong TY, Fornage M, Gudnason V, Levy D, Palmas W, Ridker PM, Rotter JI, van Duijn CM, Witteman JCM, Chakravarti A, Rao DC. Gene-age interactions in blood pressure regulation: a large-scale investigation with the CHARGE, Global BPgen, and ICBP Consortia. Am J Hum Genet 2014; 95:24-38. [PMID: 24954895 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2014.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2014] [Accepted: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Although age-dependent effects on blood pressure (BP) have been reported, they have not been systematically investigated in large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWASs). We leveraged the infrastructure of three well-established consortia (CHARGE, GBPgen, and ICBP) and a nonstandard approach (age stratification and metaregression) to conduct a genome-wide search of common variants with age-dependent effects on systolic (SBP), diastolic (DBP), mean arterial (MAP), and pulse (PP) pressure. In a two-staged design using 99,241 individuals of European ancestry, we identified 20 genome-wide significant (p ≤ 5 × 10(-8)) loci by using joint tests of the SNP main effect and SNP-age interaction. Nine of the significant loci demonstrated nominal evidence of age-dependent effects on BP by tests of the interactions alone. Index SNPs in the EHBP1L1 (DBP and MAP), CASZ1 (SBP and MAP), and GOSR2 (PP) loci exhibited the largest age interactions, with opposite directions of effect in the young versus the old. The changes in the genetic effects over time were small but nonnegligible (up to 1.58 mm Hg over 60 years). The EHBP1L1 locus was discovered through gene-age interactions only in whites but had DBP main effects replicated (p = 8.3 × 10(-4)) in 8,682 Asians from Singapore, indicating potential interethnic heterogeneity. A secondary analysis revealed 22 loci with evidence of age-specific effects (e.g., only in 20 to 29-year-olds). Age can be used to select samples with larger genetic effect sizes and more homogenous phenotypes, which may increase statistical power. Age-dependent effects identified through novel statistical approaches can provide insight into the biology and temporal regulation underlying BP associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeannette Simino
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
| | - Gang Shi
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Joshua C Bis
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Daniel I Chasman
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Georg B Ehret
- Center for Complex Disease Genomics, McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Cardiology, Department of Specialties of Internal Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva 1211, Switzerland
| | - Xiangjun Gu
- Research Center for Human Genetics, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Shih-Jen Hwang
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA 01702, USA; Center for Population Studies, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Framingham, MA 01702, USA
| | - Eric Sijbrands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GE Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Albert V Smith
- Icelandic Heart Association, 201 Kopavogur, Iceland; Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Germaine C Verwoert
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GE Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GE Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Gemma Cadby
- Centre for Genetic Origins of Health and Disease, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia; Genetic Epidemiology and Biostatistics Platform, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON M5G 0A3, Canada; Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Toronto, ON M5T 3L9, Canada
| | - Peng Chen
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore; Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University Health System, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Ching-Yu Cheng
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore; Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University Health System, Singapore 117597, Singapore; Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore; Department of Ophthalmology, National University Health System, Singapore 119228, Singapore; Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore 168751, Singapore; Centre for Quantitative Medicine, Office of Clinical Sciences, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Tanguy Corre
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Lausanne, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland; Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Rudolf A de Boer
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Anuj Goel
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Toby Johnson
- Clinical Pharmacology, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Chiea-Chuen Khor
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore; Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University Health System, Singapore 117597, Singapore; Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore; Department of Ophthalmology, National University Health System, Singapore 119228, Singapore; Division of Human Genetics, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore 138672, Singapore; Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore; Department of Paediatrics, National University Health System, Singapore 119074, Singapore
| | - Carla Lluís-Ganella
- Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Genetics, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jian'an Luan
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere 30101, Finland; Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Tampere School of Medicine, Tampere 33101, Finland
| | - Ilja M Nolte
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Xueling Sim
- Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Centre for Molecular Epidemiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119260, Singapore
| | - Siim Sõber
- Human Molecular Genetics Group, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Tartu 51010, Estonia
| | - Peter J van der Most
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Niek Verweij
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jing Hua Zhao
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Najaf Amin
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GE Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genetics Center, University of Texas Health Sciences Center, Houston, TX 77225, USA
| | - Claude Bouchard
- Human Genomics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA
| | - Abbas Dehghan
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GE Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Roberto Elosua
- Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Genetics, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Epidemiology and Public Health Network (CIBERESP), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Oscar H Franco
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GE Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Christian Gieger
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Tamara B Harris
- Laboratory of Epidemiology, Demography, and Biometry, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Serge Hercberg
- U557 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1125 Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université Paris 13, 93000 Bobigny, France
| | - Albert Hofman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GE Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Alan L James
- Department of Pulmonary Physiology and Sleep Medicine, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia; School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Andrew D Johnson
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA 01702, USA; Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Human Genomics Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Mika Kähönen
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere 33521, Finland; Department of Clinical Physiology, University of Tampere School of Medicine, Tampere 33521, Finland
| | - Kay-Tee Khaw
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 2SR, UK
| | - Zoltan Kutalik
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Lausanne, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland; Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Martin G Larson
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA 01702, USA; Department of Mathematics, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Lenore J Launer
- Laboratory of Epidemiology, Demography, and Biometry, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Guo Li
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore; Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University Health System, Singapore 117597, Singapore; Division of Human Genetics, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore 138672, Singapore
| | - Kiang Liu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Alanna C Morrison
- Human Genetics Center, University of Texas Health Sciences Center, Houston, TX 77225, USA
| | - Gerjan Navis
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Rick Twee-Hee Ong
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore; Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University Health System, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - George J Papanicolau
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, & Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Brenda W Penninx
- Department of Psychiatry/EMGO Institute/Neuroscience Campus, VU University Medical Centre, 1081 BT Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Centre, 2333 ZD Leiden, the Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98101, USA; Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Department of Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Group Health Research Institute, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Leslie J Raffel
- Medical Genetics Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Pacific Theatres, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Olli T Raitakari
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku 20521, Finland; Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku 20521, Finland
| | - Kenneth Rice
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Fernando Rivadeneira
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GE Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GE Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Lynda M Rose
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Serena Sanna
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica, CNR, Monserrato 09042, Italy
| | - Robert A Scott
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - David S Siscovick
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98101, USA; Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Ronald P Stolk
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Andre G Uitterlinden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GE Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GE Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Netherland Genomics Inititiative, Netherlands Center for Healthy Aging, The Hague 2509, the Netherlands
| | - Dhananjay Vaidya
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21202, USA
| | - Melanie M van der Klauw
- Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Ramachandran S Vasan
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA 01702, USA; Divisions of Epidemiology and Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Eranga Nishanthie Vithana
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore; Department of Ophthalmology, National University Health System, Singapore 119228, Singapore; Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore 168751, Singapore; Neuroscience and Behavioural Disorders (NBD) Program, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Uwe Völker
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University of Greifswald, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Henry Völzke
- Institute for Community Medicine, University of Greifswald, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Hugh Watkins
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Terri L Young
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Division of Neuroscience, Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Tin Aung
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore; Department of Ophthalmology, National University Health System, Singapore 119228, Singapore; Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore 168751, Singapore
| | - Murielle Bochud
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, 1010 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Martin Farrall
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Catharina A Hartman
- Interdisciplinary Center for Pathology of Emotions, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Maris Laan
- Human Molecular Genetics Group, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Tartu 51010, Estonia
| | - Edward G Lakatta
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Bethesda, MD 21224, USA
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere 30101, Finland; Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Tampere School of Medicine, Tampere 33101, Finland
| | - Ruth J F Loos
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; The Genetics of Obesity and Related Metabolic Traits Program, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Gavin Lucas
- Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Genetics, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pierre Meneton
- U872 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris 75006, France
| | - Lyle J Palmer
- Genetic Epidemiology and Biostatistics Platform, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON M5G 0A3, Canada; Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Toronto, ON M5T 3L9, Canada
| | - Rainer Rettig
- Institute of Physiology, University of Greifswald, 17495 Karlsburg, Germany
| | - Harold Snieder
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - E Shyong Tai
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore; Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University Health System, Singapore 117597, Singapore; Department of Medicine, National University Health System and Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore; Duke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Yik-Ying Teo
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore; Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University Health System, Singapore 117597, Singapore; Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore; Department of Statistics and Applied Probability, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore; Genome Institute of Singapore, A(∗)STAR, Singapore 138672, Singapore
| | - Pim van der Harst
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, the Netherlands; Durrer Center for Cardiogenetic Research, 3501 DG Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Nicholas J Wareham
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Cisca Wijmenga
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Tien Yin Wong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore; Department of Ophthalmology, National University Health System, Singapore 119228, Singapore; Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore 168751, Singapore
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Research Center for Human Genetics, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Human Genetics Center, University of Texas Health Sciences Center, Houston, TX 77225, USA
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Icelandic Heart Association, 201 Kopavogur, Iceland; Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Daniel Levy
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA 01702, USA; Center for Population Studies, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Framingham, MA 01702, USA; Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Walter Palmas
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Paul M Ridker
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Cornelia M van Duijn
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GE Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Netherland Genomics Inititiative, Netherlands Center for Healthy Aging, The Hague 2509, the Netherlands; Netherland Genomics Initiative, Centre for Medical Systems Biology, 2300 RC Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Jacqueline C M Witteman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GE Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Aravinda Chakravarti
- Center for Complex Disease Genomics, McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
| | - Dabeeru C Rao
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Departments of Psychiatry, Genetics, and Mathematics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
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Amin NM, Gibbs D, Conlon FL. Differential regulation of CASZ1 protein expression during cardiac and skeletal muscle development. Dev Dyn 2014; 243:948-56. [PMID: 24633745 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.24126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2014] [Revised: 02/19/2014] [Accepted: 02/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The zinc-finger transcription factor CASZ1 is required for differentiation of a distinct population of cardiomyocytes during development. However, expression of Casz1 mRNA is detected throughout the developing heart, suggesting the spatial regulation of CASZ1 occurs at the protein level. Relatively little is known about posttranscriptional regulation of Casz1 in the heart. RESULTS We generated antibodies that specifically recognize CASZ1 in developing Xenopus embryos, and performed immunofluorescence analysis of CASZ1 during cardiac development. CASZ1 was detected throughout the developing myocardium. CASZ1 was restricted to terminally differentiated cardiomyocytes, and was down-regulated in cells that re-enter the cell cycle. We determined that CASZ1 expression correlated with terminal differentiation in cardiac muscle cells, skeletal muscle cells, and lymph-heart musculature. CONCLUSIONS This study indicates that spatially distinct expression of CASZ1 protein may be due to posttranscriptional control of Casz1 mRNA during cardiac development. The results of this study provide insights into the role of Casz1 in cardiac function and in the differentiation of other cell types, including skeletal muscle and lymph heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirav M Amin
- University of North Carolina McAllister Heart Institute, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Department of Genetics, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
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Liu Z, Rader J, He S, Phung T, Thiele CJ. CASZ1 inhibits cell cycle progression in neuroblastoma by restoring pRb activity. Cell Cycle 2014; 12:2210-8. [PMID: 23892435 DOI: 10.4161/cc.25265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of cell cycle genes such as Cyclin D1 and Chk1 contributes to the undifferentiated phenotype of neuroblastoma (NB). CASZ1 functions as a tumor suppressor in NB; here we sought to determine how loss of CASZ1 contributes to cell cycle dysregulation in NB. CASZ1 restoration in NB cells delays NB cell cycle progression. The earliest changes occur within 8 h of CASZ1 restoration in SY5Y cells with a 2.8-fold increase in the level of p21, an inhibitor of Cdk2/4. By 16 h, there is a 40% decrease in the steady-state levels of Cdk6. Restoration of CASZ1 decreases Cdk2-dependent cyclins A and E protein levels and Cdk4/6-dependent Cyclin D1 protein levels. The restoration of CASZ1 resulted in a decrease in pRb phosphorylation and a significant reduction of E2F transcriptional activity. Subsequent to the changes in the G 1/S transition, induction of CASZ1 results in a decrease in Cyclin B levels and Cdc25c phosphatase levels, an upstream activator of the G 2/M regulator CyclinB:Cdk1. In addition, induction of CASZ1 results in a decrease in the levels of phospho-Chk1, a key M-phase regulatory kinase. Similar results were found in a NB cell line with MYCN amplification. Taken together, this study indicates that restoration of CASZ1 activates pRb in G 1 and inhibits the G 2/M regulators Cyclin B1 and Chk1, leading to a lengthening of NB cell cycle progression and a subsequent decrease in cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihui Liu
- Pediatric Oncology Branch; National Cancer Institute; Bethesda, MD, USA
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Brodeur GM, Iyer R, Croucher JL, Zhuang T, Higashi M, Kolla V. Therapeutic targets for neuroblastomas. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2014; 18:277-92. [PMID: 24387342 DOI: 10.1517/14728222.2014.867946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common and deadly solid tumor in children. Despite recent improvements, the long-term outlook for high-risk NB is still < 50%. Further, there is considerable short- and long-term toxicity. More effective, less toxic therapy is needed, and the development of targeted therapies offers great promise. AREAS COVERED Relevant literature was reviewed to identify current and future therapeutic targets that are critical to malignant transformation and progression of NB. The potential or actual NB therapeutic targets are classified into four categories: i) genes activated by amplification, mutation, translocation or autocrine overexpression; ii) genes inactivated by deletion, mutation or epigenetic silencing; iii) membrane-associated genes expressed on most NBs but few other tissues; or iv) common target genes relevant to NB as well as other tumors. EXPERT OPINION Therapeutic approaches have been developed to some of these targets, but many remain untargeted at the present time. It is unlikely that single targeted agents will be sufficient for long-term cure, at least for high-risk NBs. The challenge will be how to integrate targeted agents with each other and with conventional therapy to enhance their efficacy, while simultaneously reducing systemic toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garrett M Brodeur
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Division of Oncology , CTRB Rm. 3018, 3501 Civic Center Blvd., Philadelphia, PA 19104-4302 , USA +1 215 590 2817 ; +1 215 590 3770 ;
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28
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Nam ST, Kim DH, Lee MB, Nam HJ, Kang JK, Park MJ, Lee IH, Seok H, Lee DG, Hwang JS, Kim H. Insect peptide CopA3-induced protein degradation of p27Kip1 stimulates proliferation and protects neuronal cells from apoptosis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2013; 437:35-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2013] [Accepted: 06/10/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Park JR, Bagatell R, London WB, Maris JM, Cohn SL, Mattay KK, Hogarty M. Children's Oncology Group's 2013 blueprint for research: neuroblastoma. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2013; 60:985-93. [PMID: 23255319 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.24433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 243] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2012] [Accepted: 11/11/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Estimated 5-year survival rates for patients with non-high-risk and high-risk neuroblastoma are 90% and 50%, respectively. Recent clinical trials have shown excellent outcomes with reduced therapy for non-high-risk disease. For patients with high-risk neuroblastoma treated with chemoradiotherapy, surgery, and stem cell transplantation, the addition of anti-disialoganglioside (GD2) immunotherapy plus cytokines improves survival. Upcoming trials will study the incorporation of targeted radionuclide therapy prior to myeloablative chemotherapy into high-risk treatment. Phase 2 trials will investigate druggable target(s) including mTOR inhibition and GD2-directed therapy in combination with chemotherapy for patients with recurrent neuroblastoma, and ALK inhibition for those with ALK-aberrant tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie R Park
- Seattle Children's Hospital, University of Washington School of Medicine and Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98106, USA.
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Schmitz M, Driesch C, Beer-Grondke K, Jansen L, Runnebaum IB, Dürst M. Loss of gene function as a consequence of human papillomavirus DNA integration. Int J Cancer 2012; 131:E593-602. [PMID: 22262398 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.27433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2011] [Accepted: 12/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Integration of the human papillomavirus (HPV) genome into the host chromatin is a characteristic step in cervical carcinogenesis. Integration ensures constitutive expression of the viral oncogenes E6 and E7 which drive carcinogenesis. However, integration has also an impact on host DNA. There is increasing evidence that integration not only occurs in fragile sites and translocation breakpoints but also in transcriptionally active regions. Indeed, a substantial number of integration sites actually disrupt host genes and may thereby affect gene expression. No doubt, even subtle changes in gene expression may influence the cell phenotype but small fold changes are difficult to quantify reliably in biopsy material. We have, therefore, addressed the question whether a complete loss of gene function that is insertional mutagenesis in combination with deletion or epigenetic modification of the second allele is also a phenomenon pertinent to cervical cancer. Out of the ten preselected squamous cell carcinomas analyzed, all viral integration sites were located within the intron sequences of known genes, giving rise to viral-cellular fusion transcripts of sense orientation. Moreover, for two tumors, we provide evidence for complete functional loss of the gene affected by HPV integration. Of particular note is that one of the genes involved is the recently described novel tumor suppressor gene castor zinc finger 1. Although our study provides no functional proof that any of the genes affected by HPV integration are causally involved in the transformation process, an exhaustive systematic look at the role of insertional mutagenesis in cervical cancer appears to be warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Schmitz
- Klinik für Geburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Jena, Germany
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Characterization of critical domains within the tumor suppressor CASZ1 required for transcriptional regulation and growth suppression. Mol Cell Biol 2012; 32:1518-28. [PMID: 22331471 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.06039-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
CASZ1 is a zinc finger (ZF) transcription factor that is critical for controlling the normal differentiation of subtypes of neural and cardiac muscle cells. In neuroblastoma tumors, loss of CASZ1 is associated with poor prognosis and restoration of CASZ1 function suppresses neuroblastoma tumorigenicity. However, the key domains by which CASZ1 transcription controls developmental processes and neuroblastoma tumorigenicity have yet to be elucidated. In this study, we show that loss of any one of ZF1 to ZF4 resulted in a 58 to 79% loss in transcriptional activity, as measured by induction of tyrosine hydroxylase promoter-luciferase activity, compared to that of wild-type (WT) CASZ1b. Mutation of ZF5 or deletion of the C-terminal sequence of amino acids (aa) 728 to 1166 (a truncation of 38% of the protein) does not significantly alter transcriptional function. A series of N-terminal truncations reveals a critical transcriptional activation domain at aa 31 to 185 and a nuclear localization signal at aa 23 to 29. Soft agar colony formation assays and xenograft studies show that WT CASZ1b is more active in suppressing neuroblastoma growth than CASZ1b with a ZF4 mutation or a deletion of aa 31 to 185. This study identifies key domains needed for CASZ1b to regulate gene transcription. Furthermore, we establish a link between loss of CASZ1b transcriptional activity and attenuation of CASZ1b-mediated inhibition of neuroblastoma growth and tumorigenicity.
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