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Goswami S, Adhikary S, Bhattacharya S, Agarwal R, Ganguly A, Nanda S, Rajak P. The alarming link between environmental microplastics and health hazards with special emphasis on cancer. Life Sci 2024; 355:122937. [PMID: 39103046 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
Microplastic contamination is a burgeoning environmental issue that poses serious threats to animal and human health. Microplastics enter the human body through nasal, dermal, and oral routes to contaminate multiple organs. Studies have advocated the existence of microplastics in human breast milk, sputum, faeces, and blood. Microplastics can find their ways to the sub-cellular moiety via active and passive approaches. At cellular level, microplastics follow clathrin and caveolae-dependent pathways to invade the sub-cellular environment. These environmental contaminants modulate the epigenetic control of gene expression, status of inflammatory mediators, redox homeostasis, cell-cycle proteins, and mimic the endocrine mediators like estrogen and androgen to fuel carcinogenesis. Furthermore, epidemiological studies have suggested potential links between the exposure to microplastics and the onset of various chronic diseases. Microplastics trigger uncontrolled cell proliferation and ensue tissue growth leading to various cancers affecting the lungs, blood, breasts, prostate, and ovaries. Additionally, such contamination can potentially affect sub-cellular signaling and injure multiple organs. In essence, numerous reports have claimed microplastic-induced toxicity and tumorigenesis in human and model animals. Nonetheless, the underlying molecular mechanism is still elusive and warrants further investigations. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of microplastics, covering their sources, chemistry, human exposure routes, toxicity, and carcinogenic potential at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohini Goswami
- Department of Animal Science, Kazi Nazrul University, Paschim Bardhaman, West Bengal, India
| | - Satadal Adhikary
- Post Graduate Department of Zoology, A.B.N. Seal College, Cooch Behar, West Bengal, India
| | | | - Ruchika Agarwal
- Department of Animal Science, Kazi Nazrul University, Paschim Bardhaman, West Bengal, India
| | - Abhratanu Ganguly
- Department of Animal Science, Kazi Nazrul University, Paschim Bardhaman, West Bengal, India
| | - Sayantani Nanda
- Department of Animal Science, Kazi Nazrul University, Paschim Bardhaman, West Bengal, India
| | - Prem Rajak
- Department of Animal Science, Kazi Nazrul University, Paschim Bardhaman, West Bengal, India.
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2
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Cojocaru E, Petriș OR, Cojocaru C. Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery Systems in Inhaled Therapy: Improving Respiratory Medicine. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:1059. [PMID: 39204164 PMCID: PMC11357421 DOI: 10.3390/ph17081059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2024] [Revised: 08/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Inhaled nanoparticle (NP) therapy poses intricate challenges in clinical and pharmacodynamic realms. Recent strides have revolutionized NP technology by enabling the incorporation of diverse molecules, thus circumventing systemic clearance mechanisms and enhancing drug effectiveness while mitigating systemic side effects. Despite the established success of systemic NP delivery in oncology and other disciplines, the exploration of inhaled NP therapies remains relatively nascent. NPs loaded with bronchodilators or anti-inflammatory agents exhibit promising potential for precise distribution throughout the bronchial tree, offering targeted treatment for respiratory diseases. This article conducts a comprehensive review of NP applications in respiratory medicine, highlighting their merits, ranging from heightened stability to exacting lung-specific delivery. It also explores cutting-edge technologies optimizing NP-loaded aerosol systems, complemented by insights gleaned from clinical trials. Furthermore, the review examines the current challenges and future prospects in NP-based therapies. By synthesizing current data and perspectives, the article underscores the transformative promise of NP-mediated drug delivery in addressing chronic conditions such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, a pressing global health concern ranked third in mortality rates. This overview illuminates the evolving landscape of NP inhalation therapies, presenting optimistic avenues for advancing respiratory medicine and improving patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Cojocaru
- Morpho-Functional Sciences II Department, Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Ovidiu Rusalim Petriș
- Medical II Department, Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Cristian Cojocaru
- Medical III Department, Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
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3
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Elias MG, Aputen AD, Fatima S, Mann TJ, Karan S, Mikhael M, de Souza P, Gordon CP, Scott KF, Aldrich-Wright JR. Chemotherapeutic Potential of Chlorambucil-Platinum(IV) Prodrugs against Cisplatin-Resistant Colorectal Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8252. [PMID: 39125821 PMCID: PMC11312340 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Chlorambucil-platinum(IV) prodrugs exhibit multi-mechanistic chemotherapeutic activity with promising anticancer potential. The platinum(II) precursors of the prodrugs have been previously found to induce changes in the microtubule cytoskeleton, specifically actin and tubulin of HT29 colon cells, while chlorambucil alkylates the DNA. These prodrugs demonstrate significant anticancer activity in 2D cell and 3D spheroid viability assays. A notable production of reactive oxygen species has been observed in HT29 cells 72 h post treatment with prodrugs of this type, while the mitochondrial membrane potential was substantially reduced. The cellular uptake of the chlorambucil-platinum(IV) prodrugs, assessed by ICP-MS, confirmed that active transport was the primary uptake mechanism, with platinum localisation identified primarily in the cytoskeletal fraction. Apoptosis and necrosis were observed at 72 h of treatment as demonstrated by Annexin V-FITC/PI assay using flow cytometry. Immunofluorescence measured via confocal microscopy showed significant changes in actin and tubulin intensity and in architecture. Western blot analysis of intrinsic and extrinsic pathway apoptotic markers, microtubule cytoskeleton markers, cell proliferation markers, as well as autophagy markers were studied post 72 h of treatment. The proteomic profile was also studied with a total of 1859 HT29 proteins quantified by mass spectroscopy, with several dysregulated proteins. Network analysis revealed dysregulation in transcription, MAPK markers, microtubule-associated proteins and mitochondrial transport dysfunction. This study confirms that chlorambucil-platinum(IV) prodrugs are candidates with promising anticancer potential that act as multi-mechanistic chemotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria George Elias
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW 2751, Australia; (M.G.E.); (A.D.A.); (S.K.); (C.P.G.)
- Medical Oncology, Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia; (S.F.); (T.J.M.); (K.F.S.)
| | - Angelico D. Aputen
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW 2751, Australia; (M.G.E.); (A.D.A.); (S.K.); (C.P.G.)
| | - Shadma Fatima
- Medical Oncology, Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia; (S.F.); (T.J.M.); (K.F.S.)
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW 2751, Australia
| | - Timothy J. Mann
- Medical Oncology, Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia; (S.F.); (T.J.M.); (K.F.S.)
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW 2751, Australia
| | - Shawan Karan
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW 2751, Australia; (M.G.E.); (A.D.A.); (S.K.); (C.P.G.)
| | - Meena Mikhael
- Mass Spectrometry Facility, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW 2751, Australia;
| | - Paul de Souza
- Nepean Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Kingswood, NSW 2747, Australia;
| | - Christopher P. Gordon
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW 2751, Australia; (M.G.E.); (A.D.A.); (S.K.); (C.P.G.)
| | - Kieran F. Scott
- Medical Oncology, Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia; (S.F.); (T.J.M.); (K.F.S.)
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW 2751, Australia
| | - Janice R. Aldrich-Wright
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW 2751, Australia; (M.G.E.); (A.D.A.); (S.K.); (C.P.G.)
- Medical Oncology, Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia; (S.F.); (T.J.M.); (K.F.S.)
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4
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Elias MG, Fatima S, Mann TJ, Karan S, Mikhael M, de Souza P, Gordon CP, Scott KF, Aldrich-Wright JR. Anticancer Effect of Pt IIPHEN SS, Pt II5ME SS, Pt II56ME SS and Their Platinum(IV)-Dihydroxy Derivatives against Triple-Negative Breast Cancer and Cisplatin-Resistant Colorectal Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2544. [PMID: 39061185 PMCID: PMC11274883 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16142544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Development of resistance to cisplatin, oxaliplatin and carboplatin remains a challenge for their use as chemotherapies, particularly in breast and colorectal cancer. Here, we compare the anticancer effect of novel complexes [Pt(1,10-phenanthroline)(1S,2S-diaminocyclohexane)](NO3)2 (PtIIPHENSS), [Pt(5-methyl-1,10-phenanthroline)(1S,2S-diaminocyclohexane)](NO3)2 (PtII5MESS) and [Pt(5,6-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline)(1S,2S-diaminocyclohexane)](NO3)2 (PtII56MESS) and their platinum(IV)-dihydroxy derivatives with cisplatin. Complexes are greater than 11-fold more potent than cisplatin in both 2D and 3D cell line cultures with increased selectivity for cancer cells over genetically stable cells. ICP-MS studies showed cellular uptake occurred through an active transport mechanism with considerably altered platinum concentrations found in the cytoskeleton across all complexes after 24 h. Significant reactive oxygen species generation was observed, with reduced mitochondrial membrane potential at 72 h of treatment. Late apoptosis/necrosis was shown by Annexin V-FITC/PI flow cytometry assay, accompanied by increased sub-G0/G1 cells compared with untreated cells. An increase in S and G2+M cells was seen with all complexes. Treatment resulted in significant changes in actin and tubulin staining. Intrinsic and extrinsic apoptosis markers, MAPK/ERK and PI3K/AKT activation markers, together with autophagy markers showed significant activation of these pathways by Western blot. The proteomic profile investigated post-72 h of treatment identified 1597 MDA-MB-231 and 1859 HT29 proteins quantified by mass spectroscopy, with several differentially expressed proteins relative to no treatment. GO enrichment analysis revealed a statistically significant enrichment of RNA/DNA-associated proteins in both the cell lines and specific additional processes for individual drugs. This study shows that these novel agents function as multi-mechanistic chemotherapeutics, offering promising anticancer potential, and thereby supporting further research into their application as cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria George Elias
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW 2751, Australia; (M.G.E.); (S.K.); (M.M.); (C.P.G.)
- Medical Oncology, Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia; (S.F.); (T.J.M.)
| | - Shadma Fatima
- Medical Oncology, Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia; (S.F.); (T.J.M.)
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW 2751, Australia
| | - Timothy J. Mann
- Medical Oncology, Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia; (S.F.); (T.J.M.)
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW 2751, Australia
| | - Shawan Karan
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW 2751, Australia; (M.G.E.); (S.K.); (M.M.); (C.P.G.)
| | - Meena Mikhael
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW 2751, Australia; (M.G.E.); (S.K.); (M.M.); (C.P.G.)
| | - Paul de Souza
- Nepean Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Kingswood, NSW 2747, Australia;
| | - Christopher P. Gordon
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW 2751, Australia; (M.G.E.); (S.K.); (M.M.); (C.P.G.)
| | - Kieran F. Scott
- Medical Oncology, Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia; (S.F.); (T.J.M.)
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW 2751, Australia
| | - Janice R. Aldrich-Wright
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW 2751, Australia; (M.G.E.); (S.K.); (M.M.); (C.P.G.)
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW 2751, Australia
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5
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Rui X, Okamoto Y, Fukushima S, Morishita Watanabe N, Umakoshi H. Investigating the impact of 2-OHOA-embedded liposomes on biophysical properties of cancer cell membranes via Laurdan two-photon microscopy imaging. Sci Rep 2024; 14:15831. [PMID: 38982188 PMCID: PMC11233574 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-65812-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
2-Hydroxyoleic acid (2-OHOA) has gained attention as a membrane lipid therapy (MLT) anti-cancer drug. However, in the viewpoint of anti-cancer drug, 2-OHOA shows poor water solubility and its effectiveness still has space for improvement. Thus, this study aimed to overcome the problems by formulating 2-OHOA into liposome dosage form. Furthermore, in the context of MLT reagents, the influence of 2-OHOA on the biophysical properties of the cytoplasmic membrane remains largely unexplored. To bridge this gap, our study specifically focused the alterations in cancer cell membrane fluidity and lipid packing characteristics before and after treatment. By using a two-photon microscope and the Laurdan fluorescence probe, we noted that liposomes incorporating 2-OHOA induced a more significant reduction in cancer cell membrane fluidity, accompanied by a heightened rate of cellular apoptosis when compared to the non-formulated 2-OHOA. Importantly, the enhanced efficacy of 2-OHOA within the liposomal formulation demonstrated a correlation with its endocytic uptake mechanism. In conclusion, our findings underscore the significant influence of 2-OHOA on the biophysical properties of cancer plasma membranes, emphasizing the potential of liposomes as an optimized delivery system for 2-OHOA in anti-cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuehui Rui
- Division of Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyamacho, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-8531, Japan.
| | - Yukihiro Okamoto
- Division of Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyamacho, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-8531, Japan
| | - Shuichiro Fukushima
- Department of Mechanical Science and Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyamacho, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-8531, Japan
| | - Nozomi Morishita Watanabe
- Division of Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyamacho, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-8531, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Umakoshi
- Division of Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyamacho, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-8531, Japan.
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6
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Bannunah A, Cavanagh R, Shubber S, Vllasaliu D, Stolnik S. Difference in Endocytosis Pathways Used by Differentiated Versus Nondifferentiated Epithelial Caco-2 Cells to Internalize Nanosized Particles. Mol Pharm 2024; 21:3603-3612. [PMID: 38864426 PMCID: PMC11220748 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.4c00333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Understanding the internalization of nanosized particles by mucosal epithelial cells is essential in a number of areas including viral entry at mucosal surfaces, nanoplastic pollution, as well as design and development of nanotechnology-type medicines. Here, we report our comparative study on pathways of cellular internalization in epithelial Caco-2 cells cultured in vitro as either a polarized, differentiated cell layer or as nonpolarized, nondifferentiated cells. The study reveals a number of differences in the extent that endocytic processes are used by cells, depending on their differentiation status and the nature of applied nanoparticles. In polarized cells, actin-driven and dynamin-independent macropinocytosis plays a prominent role in the internalization of both positively and negatively charged nanoparticles, contrary to its modest contribution in nonpolarized cells. Clathrin-mediated cellular entry plays a prominent role in the endocytosis of positive nanoparticles and cholesterol inhibition in negative nanoparticles. However, in nonpolarized cells, dynamin-dependent endocytosis is a major pathway in the internalization of both positive and negative nanoparticles. Cholesterol depletion affects both nonpolarized and polarized cells' internalization of positive and negative nanoparticles, which, in addition to the effect of cholesterol-binding inhibitors on the internalization of negative nanoparticles, indicates the importance of membrane cholesterol in endocytosis. The data collectively provide a new contribution to understanding endocytic pathways in epithelial cells, particularly pointing to the importance of the cell differentiation stage and the nature of the cargo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azzah Bannunah
- School
of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K.
| | - Robert Cavanagh
- School
of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K.
| | - Saif Shubber
- School
of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K.
| | - Driton Vllasaliu
- School
of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences
& Medicine, King’s College London,
Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, U.K.
| | - Snow Stolnik
- School
of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K.
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7
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Somarathne RP, Amarasekara DL, Kariyawasam CS, Robertson HA, Mayatt R, Gwaltney SR, Fitzkee NC. Protein Binding Leads to Reduced Stability and Solvated Disorder in the Polystyrene Nanoparticle Corona. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2305684. [PMID: 38247186 PMCID: PMC11209821 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202305684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Understanding the conformation of proteins in the nanoparticle corona has important implications in how organisms respond to nanoparticle-based drugs. These proteins coat the nanoparticle surface, and their properties will influence the nanoparticle's interaction with cell targets and the immune system. While some coronas are thought to be disordered, two key unanswered questions are the degree of disorder and solvent accessibility. Here, a model is developed for protein corona disorder in polystyrene nanoparticles of varying size. For two different proteins, it is found that binding affinity decreases as nanoparticle size increases. The stoichiometry of binding, along with changes in the hydrodynamic size, supports a highly solvated, disordered protein corona anchored at a small number of attachment sites. The scaling of the stoichiometry versus nanoparticle size is consistent with disordered polymer dimensions. Moreover, it is found that proteins are destabilized less in the presence of larger nanoparticles, and hydrophobic exposure decreases at lower curvatures. The observations hold for proteins on flat polystyrene surfaces, which have the lowest hydrophobic exposure. The model provides an explanation for previous observations of increased amyloid fibrillation rates in the presence of larger nanoparticles, and it may rationalize how cell receptors can recognize protein disorder in therapeutic nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radha P Somarathne
- Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, 39762, USA
| | - Dhanush L Amarasekara
- Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, 39762, USA
| | - Chathuri S Kariyawasam
- Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, 39762, USA
| | - Harley A Robertson
- Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, 39762, USA
| | - Railey Mayatt
- Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, 39762, USA
| | - Steven R Gwaltney
- Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, 39762, USA
| | - Nicholas C Fitzkee
- Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, 39762, USA
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Osman N, Curley P, Box H, Liptrott N, Sexton D, Saleem I. In vitro evaluation of physicochemical-dependent effects of polymeric nanoparticles on their cellular uptake and co-localization using pulmonary calu-3 cell lines. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2024; 50:376-386. [PMID: 38533688 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2024.2332889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study evaluated physicochemical properties of eight different polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) and their interaction with lung barrier and their suitability for pulmonary drug delivery. METHODS Eight physiochemically different NPs were fabricated from Poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA, PL) and Poly glycerol adipate-co-ω-pentadecalactone (PGA-co-PDL, PG) via emulsification-solvent evaporation. Pulmonary barrier integrity was investigated in vitro using Calu-3 under air-liquid interface. NPs internalization was investigated using a group of pharmacological inhibitors with subsequent microscopic visual confirmation. RESULTS Eight NPs were successfully formulated from two polymers using emulsion-solvent evaporation; 200, 500 and 800 nm, negatively-charged and positively-charged. All different NPs did not alter tight junctions and PG NPs showed similar behavior to PL NPs, indicating its suitability for pulmonary drug delivery. Active endocytosis uptake mechanisms with physicochemical dependent manner were observed. In addition, NPs internalization and co-localization with lysosomes were visually confirmed indicating their vesicular transport. CONCLUSION PG and PL NPs had shown no or low harmful effects on the barrier integrity, and with effective internalization and vesicular transport, thus, prospectively can be designed for pulmonary delivery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nashwa Osman
- Nanoformulations and drug delivery group, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Egypt
| | - Paul Curley
- Centre of Excellence for Long-acting Therapeutics (CELT), Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Helen Box
- Centre of Excellence for Long-acting Therapeutics (CELT), Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Neill Liptrott
- Centre of Excellence for Long-acting Therapeutics (CELT), Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- Immunocompatibility Group, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Darren Sexton
- Nanoformulations and drug delivery group, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Imran Saleem
- Nanoformulations and drug delivery group, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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9
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Song S, Wang Y, Wang H, Tian X, Zhang X, Zhang Q, Wei Q, Ji K. Fucoidan-induced reduction of lipid accumulation in foam cells through overexpression of lysosome genes. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 263:130451. [PMID: 38408582 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is the common basis for the onset of cardiovascular events. The lipid metabolism theory considers foam cell formation as an important marker for the initiation of AS. Fucoidan is an acidic polysaccharide that can reduce lipid accumulation in foam cells. Studies show that tea polysaccharides can be transported to lysosomes via the tubulin pathway. However, the specific mechanism of action of fucoidan on foam cells has not been extensively studied. Therefore, we further explored the mechanism of action of fucoidan and evaluated whether it could reduce lipid accumulation in foam cells by affecting the expression of lysosomal pathway-related genes and proteins. In this study, three inhibitors, CPZ, EIPA, and colchicine, were used to inhibit endocytosis, macropinocytosis, and the tubulin pathway, respectively, to study the pathways of action. Transcriptomics and proteomics analysis, as well as western blotting and qRT-PCR were used to determine the effects of fucoidan and the inhibitors on lysosomal genes and proteins. Fucoidan could enter foam cells through both endocytosis and via macropinocytosis, and then further undergo intracellular transport via the tubulin pathway. After fucoidan treatment, the expression of lysosomal pathway-related genes and proteins including LAMP2, AP3, AP4, MCOLN1, and TFEB in foam cells increased significantly (P < 0.01). However, the expression of lysosomal genes and proteins after colchicine intervention was comparable with that in the model group. Therefore, the tubulin pathway inhibited by colchicine is an important pathway for the transport and distribution of fucoidan within cells. In summary, fucoidan may be transported to lysosomes via the tubulin pathway and may enhance the expression of lysosomal genes, promoting autophagy, thereby accelerating lipid clearance in foam cells. Due to its significant lipid-lowering effect, it can be used in the clinical treatment of AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuliang Song
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong 264209, China; Weihai Research Institute of Industrial Technology, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China.
| | - Yan Wang
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong 264209, China.
| | - Hongming Wang
- Binzhou Inspection and Testing Center, Binzhou 256600, China
| | - Xiao Tian
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong 264209, China.
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong 264209, China.
| | - Qian Zhang
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong 264209, China.
| | - Qiang Wei
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong 264209, China.
| | - Kai Ji
- Department of Plastic Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China.
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10
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Marcellus KA, Bugiel S, Nunnikhoven A, Curran I, Gill SS. Polystyrene Nano- and Microplastic Particles Induce an Inflammatory Gene Expression Profile in Rat Neural Stem Cell-Derived Astrocytes In Vitro. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:429. [PMID: 38470760 DOI: 10.3390/nano14050429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Microplastics are considered an emerging environmental pollutant due to their ubiquitous presence in the environment. However, the potential impact of microplastics on human health warrants further research. Recent studies have reported neurobehavioral and neurotoxic effects in marine and rodent models; however, their impact on the underlying cellular physiology in mammals remains unclear. Herein, we exposed neural stem cells and neural stem cell-derived astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and neurons to various sizes and concentrations of polystyrene nano- and microplastics. We investigated their cellular uptake, impact on cytotoxicity, and alteration of gene expression through transcriptome profiling. The cell type most affected by decreased viability were astrocytes after 7 days of repeated exposure. Transcriptional analysis showed that 1274 genes were differentially expressed in astrocytes exposed to 500 nm microplastics, but only 531 genes were altered in astrocytes exposed to 50 nm nanoplastics. Both canonical pathway and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis showed that upregulated pathways were involved in neuroinflammation, innate and adaptive immunity, cell migration, proliferation, extracellular matrix remodeling, and cytoskeleton structures. The downregulated pathways were involved in lipid metabolism, specifically fatty acid oxidation and cholesterol metabolism. Our results show that neural stem cell-derived astrocytes repeatedly exposed to nano- and microplastics for 7 days undergo changes that are hallmarks of astrogliosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen A Marcellus
- Regulatory Toxicology Research Division, Bureau of Chemical Safety, Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0K9, Canada
| | - Steven Bugiel
- Regulatory Toxicology Research Division, Bureau of Chemical Safety, Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0K9, Canada
| | - Andrée Nunnikhoven
- Regulatory Toxicology Research Division, Bureau of Chemical Safety, Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0K9, Canada
| | - Ivan Curran
- Regulatory Toxicology Research Division, Bureau of Chemical Safety, Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0K9, Canada
| | - Santokh S Gill
- Regulatory Toxicology Research Division, Bureau of Chemical Safety, Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0K9, Canada
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11
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Puvvula PK, Martinez-Medina L, Cinar M, Feng L, Pisarev A, Johnson A, Bernal-Mizrachi L. A retrotransposon-derived DNA zip code internalizes myeloma cells through Clathrin-Rab5a-mediated endocytosis. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1288724. [PMID: 38463228 PMCID: PMC10920344 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1288724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction We have demonstrated that transposons derived from ctDNA can be transferred between cancer cells. The present research aimed to investigate the cellular uptake and intracellular trafficking of Multiple Myeloma-zip code (MM-ZC), a cell-specific zip code, in myeloma cell lines. We demonstrated that MM-ZC uptake by myeloma cells was concentration-, time- and cell-type-dependent. Methods Flow cytometry and confocal microscopy methods were used to identify the level of internalization of the zip codes in MM cells. To screen for the mechanism of internalization, we used multiple inhibitors of endocytosis. These experiments were followed by biotin pulldown and confocal microscopy for validation. Single interference RNA (siRNA) targeting some of the proteins involved in endocytosis was used to validate the role of this pathway in ZC cell internalization. Results Endocytosis inhibitors identified that Monensin and Chlorpromazine hydrochloride significantly reduced MM-ZC internalization. These findings suggested that Clathrin-mediated endocytosis and endosomal maturation play a crucial role in the cellular uptake of MM-ZC. Biotin pulldown and confocal microscopic studies revealed the involvement of proteins such as Clathrin, Rab5a, Syntaxin-6, and RCAS1 in facilitating the internalization of MM-ZC. Knockdown of Rab5a and Clathrin proteins reduced cellular uptake of MM-ZC and conclusively demonstrated the involvement of Clathrin-Rab5a pathways in MM-ZC endocytosis. Furthermore, both Rab5a and Clathrin reciprocally affected their association with MM-ZC when we depleted their proteins by siRNAs. Additionally, the loss of Rab5a decreased the Syntaxin-6 association with MMZC but not vice versa. Conversely, MM-ZC treatment enhanced the association between Clathrin and Rab5a. Conclusion Overall, the current study provides valuable insights into the cellular uptake and intracellular trafficking of MM-ZC in myeloma cells. Identifying these mechanisms and molecular players involved in MM-ZC uptake contributes to a better understanding of the delivery and potential applications of cell-specific Zip-Codes in gene delivery and drug targeting in cancer research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Munevver Cinar
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Lei Feng
- Kodikaz Therapeutic Solutions, New York, NY, United States
| | - Andrey Pisarev
- Kodikaz Therapeutic Solutions, New York, NY, United States
| | | | - Leon Bernal-Mizrachi
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
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12
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Azadi M, David AE. Enhancing Ocular Drug Delivery: The Effect of Physicochemical Properties of Nanoparticles on the Mechanism of Their Uptake by Human Cornea Epithelial Cells. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024; 10:429-441. [PMID: 38055935 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c01144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the effect of nanoparticle size and surface chemistry on interactions of the nanoparticles with human cornea epithelial cells (HCECs). Poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) nanoparticles were synthesized using the emulsion-solvent evaporation method and surface modified with mucoadhesive (alginate [ALG] and chitosan [CHS]) and mucopenetrative (polyethylene glycol [PEG]) polymers. Particles were found to be monodisperse (polydispersity index (PDI) below 0.2), spherical, and with size and zeta potential ranging from 100 to 250 nm and from -25 to +15 mV, respectively. Evaluation of cytotoxicity with the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay indicated that incubating cells with nanoparticles for 24 h at concentrations up to 100 μg/mL caused only mild toxicity (70-100% cell viability). Cellular uptake studies were conducted using an in vitro model developed with a monolayer of HCECs integrated with simulated mucosal solution. Evaluation of nanoparticle uptake revealed that energy-dependent endocytosis is the primary uptake mechanism. Among the different nanoparticles studied, 100 nm PLGA NPs and PEG-PLGA-150 NPs showed the highest levels of uptake by HCECs. Additionally, uptake studies in the presence of various inhibitors suggested that macropinocytosis and caveolae-mediated endocytosis are the dominant pathways. While clathrin-mediated endocytosis was found to also be partially responsible for nanoparticle uptake, phagocytosis did not play a role within the studied ranges of size and surface chemistries. These important findings could lead to improved nanoparticle-based formulations that could improve therapies for ocular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjan Azadi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, United States
| | - Allan E David
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, United States
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13
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Negm A, Al-Faiyz YS, Riyadh SM, Sayed AR. Synthesis, DPPH Radical Scavenging, Cytotoxic Activity, and Apoptosis Induction Efficacy of Novel Thiazoles and Bis-thiazoles. Curr Org Synth 2024; 21:1081-1090. [PMID: 37936471 DOI: 10.2174/0115701794264504231017113027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heterocyclic materials-containing thiazoles exhibited incredible importance in pharmaceutical chemistry and drug design due to their extensive biological properties. METHODS Synthesis of thiazoles and bis-thiazoles from the reaction of 2-((6-Nitrobenzo[ d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)methylene)hydrazine-1-carbothioamide with hydrazonoyl chlorides in dioxane and in the existence of triethylamine as basic catalyst. The antioxidant, in vitro antiproliferative, and cytotoxicity efficacy of thiazoles and bis-thiazoles were measured. RESULTS In this work, novel series of 5-methyl-2-(2-(-(6-nitrobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)methylene) hydrazinyl)-4-(aryldiazenyl)thiazoles (4a-f) were prepared via the reaction of hydrazonoyl chlorides 2a-f with 2-((6-nitrobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)methylene)hydrazine-1-carbothioamide (1) in dioxane and employing triethylamine as basic catalyst. Following the same procedure, bisthiazoles (6, 8, and 10) have been synthesized by utilizing bis-hydrazonoyl chlorides (5, 7, and 9) and carbothioamide 1 in a molar ratio (1:2), respectively. The distinctive features in the structure of isolated products were elucidated by spectroscopic tools and elemental analyses. The antioxidant, in vitro anti-proliferative, cytotoxicity, and anti-cancer efficacy of thiazoles and bis-thiazoles were evaluated. Compounds 4d and 4f were the most potent antioxidant agents. Gene expression of apoptosis markers and fragmentation assay of DNA were assessed to explore the biochemical mechanism of synthesized products. Thiazoles significantly inhibited cell growth and proliferation more than bis-thiazoles. They induced apoptosis through induction of apoptotic gene expression P53 and downregulation of antiapoptotic gene expression Bcl-2. Moreover, they induced fragmentation of DNA in cancer cells, indicating that they could be employed as anticancer agents by inhibiting tumor growth and progression and can be considered effective compounds in the strategy of anti-cancer agents' discovery. CONCLUSION Synthesis, DPPH Radical Scavenging, Cytotoxic activity, and Apoptosis Induction Efficacy based on Novel Thiazoles and Bis-thiazoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr Negm
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Yasair S Al-Faiyz
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sayed M Riyadh
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Almunawrah, 30002, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdelwahed R Sayed
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-suef, 62514, Egypt
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14
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Guan K, Liu K, Jiang Y, Bian J, Gao Y, Dong E, Li Z. Nanoparticles Internalization through HIP-55-Dependent Clathrin Endocytosis Pathway. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:11477-11484. [PMID: 38084909 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c03074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles are promising tools for biomedicine. Many nanoparticles are internalized to function. Clathrin-mediated endocytosis is one of the most important mechanisms for nanoparticle internalization. However, the regulatory mechanism of clathrin-mediated nanoparticle endocytosis is still unclear. Here, we report that the adapter protein HIP-55 regulates clathrin-mediated nanoparticle endocytosis. CdSe/ZnS quantum dots (QDs), a typical nanoparticle, enter cells through the HIP-55-dependent clathrin endocytosis pathway. Both pharmacological inhibitor and genetic intervention demonstrate that QDs enter cells through clathrin-mediated endocytosis. HIP-55 can interact with clathrin and promote clathrin-mediated QDs endocytosis. Furthermore, HIP-55 ΔADF which is defective in F-actin binding fails to promote QDs endocytosis, indicating HIP-55 promotes clathrin-mediated QDs endocytosis depending on interaction with F-actin. In vivo, HIP-55 knockout also inhibits endocytosis of QDs. These findings reveal that HIP-55 acts as an intrinsic regulator for clathrin-mediated nanoparticle endocytosis, providing new insight into the nanoparticle internalization and a new strategy for nanodrug enrichment in target cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaihang Guan
- Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital; Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Ministry of Health; State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University; Research Unit of Medical Science Research Management/Basic and Clinical Research of Metabolic Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Kai Liu
- Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital; Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Ministry of Health; State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University; Research Unit of Medical Science Research Management/Basic and Clinical Research of Metabolic Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yunqi Jiang
- Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital; Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Ministry of Health; State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University; Research Unit of Medical Science Research Management/Basic and Clinical Research of Metabolic Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jingwei Bian
- Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital; Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Ministry of Health; State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University; Research Unit of Medical Science Research Management/Basic and Clinical Research of Metabolic Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yang Gao
- Research Center for Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences Qingdao Hospital (Qingdao Municipal Hospital), School of Health and Life Sciences, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Erdan Dong
- Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital; Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Ministry of Health; State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University; Research Unit of Medical Science Research Management/Basic and Clinical Research of Metabolic Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100191, China
- Research Center for Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences Qingdao Hospital (Qingdao Municipal Hospital), School of Health and Life Sciences, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zijian Li
- Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital; Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Ministry of Health; State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University; Research Unit of Medical Science Research Management/Basic and Clinical Research of Metabolic Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100191, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
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15
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Vikas, Mehata AK, Viswanadh MK, Malik AK, Setia A, Kumari P, Mahto SK, Muthu MS. EGFR Targeted Redox Sensitive Chitosan Nanoparticles of Cabazitaxel: Dual-Targeted Cancer Therapy, Lung Distribution, and Targeting Studies by Photoacoustic and Optical Imaging. Biomacromolecules 2023; 24:4989-5003. [PMID: 37871263 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c00658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
In this research, we have modified tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS) to a redox-sensitive material, denoted as TPGS-SH, and employed the same to develop dual-receptor-targeted nanoparticles of chitosan loaded with cabazitaxel (CZT). The physicochemical properties and morphological characteristics of all nanoparticle formulations were assessed. Dual-receptor targeting redox-sensitive nanoparticles of CZT (F-CTX-CZT-CS-SH-NPs) were developed by a combination of pre- and postconjugation techniques by incorporating synthesized chitosan-folate (F) and TPGS-SH during nanoparticle synthesis and further postconjugated with cetuximab (CTX) for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) targeting. The in vitro release of the drug was seemingly higher in the redox-sensitive buffer media (GSH, 20 mM) compared to that in physiological buffer. However, the extent of cellular uptake of dual-targeted nanoparticles was significantly higher in A549 cells than other control nanoparticles. The IC50 values of F-CTX-CZT-CS-SH-NPs against A549 cells was 0.26 ± 0.12 μg/mL, indicating a 6.3-fold and 60-fold enhancement in cytotoxicity relative to that of dual-receptor targeted, nonredox sensitive nanoparticles and CZT clinical injection, respectively. Furthermore, F-CTX-CZT-CS-SH-NPs demonstrated improved anticancer activity in the benzo(a)pyrene lung cancer model with a higher survival rate. Due to the synergistic combination of enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect of small-sized nanoparticles, the innovative and redox sensitive TPGS-SH moiety and the dual folate and EGFR mediated augmented endocytosis have all together significantly enhanced their biodistribution and targeting exclusively to the lung which is evident from their ultrasound/photoacoustic and in vivo imaging system (IVIS) studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, IIT BHU, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Abhishesh Kumar Mehata
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, IIT BHU, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Matte Kasi Viswanadh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, K.L. Deemed-to-be-University, Greenfields, Vaddeswaram 522302, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Ankit Kumar Malik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, IIT BHU, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Aseem Setia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, IIT BHU, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Pooja Kumari
- School of Biomedical Engineering, IIT BHU, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sanjeev Kumar Mahto
- School of Biomedical Engineering, IIT BHU, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Madaswamy S Muthu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, IIT BHU, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
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16
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Rajendran D, Chandrasekaran N. Journey of micronanoplastics with blood components. RSC Adv 2023; 13:31435-31459. [PMID: 37901269 PMCID: PMC10603568 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra05620a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The entry of micro- and nanoplastics (MNPs) into the human body is inevitable. They enter blood circulation through ingestion, inhalation, and dermal contact by crossing the gut-lung-skin barrier (the epithelium of the digestive tract, the respiratory tract, and the cutaneous layer). There are many reports on their toxicities to organs and tissues. This paper presents the first thorough assessment of MNP-driven bloodstream toxicity and the mechanism of toxicity from the viewpoint of both MNP and environmental co-pollutant complexes. Toxic impacts include plasma protein denaturation, hemolysis, reduced immunity, thrombosis, blood coagulation, and vascular endothelial damage, among others, which can lead to life-threatening diseases. Protein corona formation, oxidative stress, cytokine alterations, inflammation, and cyto- and genotoxicity are the key mechanisms involved in toxicity. MNPs change the secondary structure of plasma proteins, thereby preventing their transport functions (for nutrients, drugs, oxygen, etc.). MNPs inhibit erythropoiesis by influencing hematopoietic stem cell proliferation and differentiation. They cause red blood cell and platelet aggregation, as well as increased adherence to endothelial cells, which can lead to thrombosis and cardiovascular disease. White blood cells and immune cells phagocytose MNPs, provoking inflammation. However, research gaps still exist, including gaps regarding the combined toxicity of MNPs and co-pollutants, toxicological studies in human models, advanced methodologies for toxicity analysis, bioaccumulation studies, inflammation and immunological responses, dose-response relationships of MNPs, and the effect of different physiochemical characteristics of MNPs. Furthermore, most studies have analyzed toxicity using prepared MNPs; hence, studies must be undertaken using true-to-life MNPs to determine the real-world scenario. Additionally, nanoplastics may further degrade into monomers, whose toxic effects have not yet been explored. The research gaps highlighted in this review will inspire future studies on the toxicity of MNPs in the vascular/circulatory systems utilizing in vivo models to enable more reliable health risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Durgalakshmi Rajendran
- Centre for Nanobiotechnology, Vellore Institute of Technology Vellore 632014 Tamil Nadu India +91 416 2243092 +91 416 2202624
| | - Natarajan Chandrasekaran
- Centre for Nanobiotechnology, Vellore Institute of Technology Vellore 632014 Tamil Nadu India +91 416 2243092 +91 416 2202624
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17
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Carney CP, Pandey N, Kapur A, Saadi H, Ong HL, Chen C, Winkles JA, Woodworth GF, Kim AJ. Impact of Targeting Moiety Type and Protein Corona Formation on the Uptake of Fn14-Targeted Nanoparticles by Cancer Cells. ACS NANO 2023; 17:19667-19684. [PMID: 37812740 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c02575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
The TWEAK receptor, Fn14, is a promising candidate for active targeting of cancer nanotherapeutics to many solid tumor types, including metastatic breast and primary brain cancers. Targeting of therapeutic nanoparticles (NPs) has been accomplished using a range of targeting moieties including monoclonal antibodies and related fragments, peptides, and small molecules. Here, we investigated a full-length Fn14-specific monoclonal antibody, ITEM4, or an ITEM4-Fab fragment as a targeting moiety to guide the development of a clinical formulation. We formulated NPs with varying densities of the targeting moieties while maintaining the decreased nonspecific adhesivity with receptor targeting (DART) characteristics. To model the conditions that NPs experience following intravenous infusion, we investigated the impact of serum exposure in relation to the targeting moiety type and surface density. To further evaluate performance at the cancer cell level, we performed experiments to assess differences in cellular uptake and trafficking in several cancer cell lines using confocal microscopy, imaging flow cytometry, and total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy. We observed that Fn14-targeted NPs exhibit enhanced cellular uptake in Fn14-high compared to Fn14-low cancer cells and that in both cell lines uptake levels were greater than observed with control, nontargeted NPs. We found that serum exposure increased Fn14-targeted NP specificity while simultaneously reducing the total NP uptake. Importantly, serum exposure caused a larger reduction in cancer cell uptake over time when the targeting moiety was an antibody fragment (Fab region of the monoclonal antibody) compared with the full-length monoclonal antibody targeting moiety. Lastly, we uncovered that full monoclonal antibody-targeted NPs enter cancer cells via clathrin-mediated endocytosis and traffic through the endolysosomal pathway. Taken together, these results support a pathway for developing a clinical formulation using a full-length Fn14 monoclonal antibody as the targeting moiety for a DART cancer nanotherapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine P Carney
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
| | - Nikhil Pandey
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
| | - Anshika Kapur
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
| | - Hassan Saadi
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
| | - Hwei Ling Ong
- Secretory Physiology Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Chixiang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
- Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
| | - Jeffrey A Winkles
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
| | - Graeme F Woodworth
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, A. James Clarke School of Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Anthony J Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, A. James Clarke School of Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
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18
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Coreas R, Li Z, Chen J, Zhong W. Low-Dose Exposure of WS 2 Nanosheets Induces Differential Apoptosis in Lung Epithelial Cells. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:14493-14501. [PMID: 37726893 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c01843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Escalating the production and application of tungsten disulfide (WS2) nanosheets inevitably increases environmental human exposure and warrants the necessity of studies to elucidate their biological impacts. Herein, we assessed the toxicity of WS2 nanosheets and focused on the impacts of low doses (≤10 μg/mL) on normal (BEAS-2B) and tumorigenic (A549) lung epithelial cells. The low doses, which approximate real-world exposures, were found to induce cell apoptosis, while doses ≥ 50 μg/mL cause necrosis. Focused studies on low-dose exposure to WS2 nanosheets revealed more details of the impacts on both cell lines, including reduction of cell metabolic activity, induction of lipid peroxidation in cell membranes, and uncoupling of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation that led to the loss of ATP production. These phenomena, along with the expression situations of a few key proteins involved in apoptosis, point toward the occurrence of mitochondria-dependent apoptotic signaling in exposed cells. Substantial differences in responses to WS2 exposure between normal and tumorigenic lung epithelial cells were noticed as well. Specifically, BEAS-2B cells experienced more adverse effects and took up more nanosheets than A549 cells. Our results highlight the importance of dose and cell model selection in the assessment of nanotoxicity. By using doses consistent with real-world exposures and comparing normal and diseased cells, we can gain knowledge to guide the development of safety precautions for mitigating the adverse impacts of nanomaterial exposure on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxana Coreas
- Environmental Toxicology Graduate Program, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Zongbo Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Junyi Chen
- Environmental Toxicology Graduate Program, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Wenwan Zhong
- Environmental Toxicology Graduate Program, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
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19
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Traberg WC, Uribe J, Druet V, Hama A, Moysidou CM, Huerta M, McCoy R, Hayward D, Savva A, Genovese AMR, Pavagada S, Lu Z, Koklu A, Pappa AM, Fitzgerald R, Inal S, Daniel S, Owens RM. Organic Electronic Platform for Real-Time Phenotypic Screening of Extracellular-Vesicle-Driven Breast Cancer Metastasis. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2301194. [PMID: 37171457 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202301194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Tumor-derived extracellular vesicles (TEVs) induce the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in nonmalignant cells to promote invasion and cancer metastasis, representing a novel therapeutic target in a field severely lacking in efficacious antimetastasis treatments. However, scalable technologies that allow continuous, multiparametric monitoring for identifying metastasis inhibitors are absent. Here, the development of a functional phenotypic screening platform based on organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) for real-time, noninvasive monitoring of TEV-induced EMT and screening of antimetastatic drugs is reported. TEVs derived from the triple-negative breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 induce EMT in nonmalignant breast epithelial cells (MCF10A) over a nine-day period, recapitulating a model of invasive ductal carcinoma metastasis. Immunoblot analysis and immunofluorescence imaging confirm the EMT status of TEV-treated cells, while dual optical and electrical readouts of cell phenotype are obtained using OECTs. Further, heparin, a competitive inhibitor of cell surface receptors, is identified as an effective blocker of TEV-induced EMT. Together, these results demonstrate the utility of the platform for TEV-targeted drug discovery, allowing for facile modeling of the transient drug response using electrical measurements, and provide proof of concept that inhibitors of TEV function have potential as antimetastatic drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walther C Traberg
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0AS, UK
| | - Johana Uribe
- Robert F. Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Olin Hall, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Victor Druet
- Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 3955, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Adel Hama
- Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 3955, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Chrysanthi-Maria Moysidou
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0AS, UK
| | - Miriam Huerta
- Robert F. Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Olin Hall, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Reece McCoy
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0AS, UK
| | - Daniel Hayward
- Early Cancer Institute, University of Cambridge, Hutchison Research Centre, Cambridge, CB2 0XZ, UK
| | - Achilleas Savva
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0AS, UK
| | - Amaury M R Genovese
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0AS, UK
| | - Suraj Pavagada
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0AS, UK
- Early Cancer Institute, University of Cambridge, Hutchison Research Centre, Cambridge, CB2 0XZ, UK
| | - Zixuan Lu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0AS, UK
| | - Anil Koklu
- Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 3955, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Anna-Maria Pappa
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0AS, UK
- Healthcare Innovation Engineering Center, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, PO Box 127788, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, PO Box 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rebecca Fitzgerald
- Early Cancer Institute, University of Cambridge, Hutchison Research Centre, Cambridge, CB2 0XZ, UK
| | - Sahika Inal
- Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 3955, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Susan Daniel
- Robert F. Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Olin Hall, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Róisín M Owens
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0AS, UK
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20
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Shahzadi C, Di Serafino A, Aruffo E, Mascitelli A, Di Carlo P. A549 as an In Vitro Model to Evaluate the Impact of Microplastics in the Air. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1243. [PMID: 37759642 PMCID: PMC10525880 DOI: 10.3390/biology12091243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Airborne microplastics raise significant concerns due to their potential health impacts. Having a small size, larger surface area, and penetrative ability into the biological system, makes them hazardous to health. This review article compiles various studies investigating the mechanism of action of polystyrene micro- and nanoplastics affecting lung epithelial cells A549. These inhalable microplastics damage the respiratory system, by triggering a proinflammatory environment, genotoxicity, oxidative stress, morphological changes, and cytotoxic accumulation in A549 cells. PS-NP lung toxicity depends on various factors such as size, surface modifications, concentration, charge, and zeta potential. However, cellular uptake and cytotoxicity mechanisms depend on the cell type. For A549 cells, PS-NPs are responsible for energy imbalance by mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress-mediated cytotoxicity, immunomodulation, and apoptosis. Additionally, PS-NPs have the ability to traverse the placental barrier, posing a risk to offspring. Despite the advancements, the precise mechanisms underlying how prolonged exposure to PS-NPs leads to the development and progression of lung diseases have unclear points, necessitating further investigations to unravel the root cause. This review also sheds light on data gaps, inconsistencies in PS-Nos research, and provides recommendations for further research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chman Shahzadi
- Center of Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University of “G. d’ Annunzio” Chieti Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (C.S.); (A.D.S.); (E.A.); (P.D.C.)
- University School for Advanced Studies IUSS Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Alessandra Di Serafino
- Center of Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University of “G. d’ Annunzio” Chieti Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (C.S.); (A.D.S.); (E.A.); (P.D.C.)
| | - Eleonora Aruffo
- Center of Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University of “G. d’ Annunzio” Chieti Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (C.S.); (A.D.S.); (E.A.); (P.D.C.)
- Department of Advanced Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, University of “G. d’ Annunzio” Chieti Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Alessandra Mascitelli
- Center of Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University of “G. d’ Annunzio” Chieti Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (C.S.); (A.D.S.); (E.A.); (P.D.C.)
- Department of Advanced Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, University of “G. d’ Annunzio” Chieti Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Piero Di Carlo
- Center of Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University of “G. d’ Annunzio” Chieti Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (C.S.); (A.D.S.); (E.A.); (P.D.C.)
- Department of Advanced Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, University of “G. d’ Annunzio” Chieti Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
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21
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Richards CJ, Burgers TCQ, Vlijm R, Roos WH, Åberg C. Rapid Internalization of Nanoparticles by Human Cells at the Single Particle Level. ACS NANO 2023; 17:16517-16529. [PMID: 37642490 PMCID: PMC10510712 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c01124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticle uptake by cells has been studied for applications both in nanomedicine and in nanosafety. While the majority of studies have focused on the biological mechanisms underlying particle internalization, less attention has been given to questions of a more quantitative nature, such as how many nanoparticles enter cells and how rapidly they do so. To address this, we exposed human embryonic kidney cells to 40-200 nm carboxylated polystyrene nanoparticles and the particles were observed by live-cell confocal and super-resolution stimulated emission depletion fluorescence microscopy. How long a particle remained at the cell membrane after adsorbing onto it was monitored, distinguishing whether the particle ultimately desorbed again or was internalized by the cell. We found that the majority of particles desorb, but interestingly, most of the particles that are internalized do so within seconds, independently of particle size. As this is faster than typical endocytic mechanisms, we interpret this observation as the particles entering via an endocytic event that is already taking place (as opposed to directly triggering their own uptake) or possibly via an as yet uncharacterized endocytic route. Aside from the rapidly internalizing particles, a minority of particles remain at the membrane for tens of seconds to minutes before desorbing or being internalized. We also followed particles after cell internalization, observing particles that appeared to exit the cell, sometimes as rapidly as within tens of seconds. Overall, our results provide quantitative information about nanoparticle cell internalization times and early trafficking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ceri J. Richards
- Pharmaceutical
Analysis, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
- Molecular
Biophysics, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas C. Q. Burgers
- Molecular
Biophysics, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rifka Vlijm
- Molecular
Biophysics, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Wouter H. Roos
- Molecular
Biophysics, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Christoffer Åberg
- Pharmaceutical
Analysis, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
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22
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Feye J, Matthias J, Fischer A, Rudolph D, Treptow J, Popescu R, Franke J, Exarhos AL, Boekelheide ZA, Gerthsen D, Feldmann C, Roesky PW, Rösch ES. SMART RHESINs-Superparamagnetic Magnetite Architecture Made of Phenolic Resin Hollow Spheres Coated with Eu(III) Containing Silica Nanoparticles for Future Quantitative Magnetic Particle Imaging Applications. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2301997. [PMID: 37203272 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202301997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic particle imaging (MPI) is a powerful and rapidly growing tomographic imaging technique that allows for the non-invasive visualization of superparamagnetic nanoparticles (NPs) in living matter. Despite its potential for a wide range of applications, the intrinsic quantitative nature of MPI has not been fully exploited in biological environments. In this study, a novel NP architecture that overcomes this limitation by maintaining a virtually unchanged effective relaxation (Brownian plus Néel) even when immobilized is presented. This superparamagnetic magnetite architecture made of phenolic resin hollow spheres coated with Eu(III) containing silica nanoparticles (SMART RHESINs) was synthesized and studied. Magnetic particle spectroscopy (MPS) measurements confirm their suitability for potential MPI applications. Photobleaching studies show an unexpected photodynamic due to the fluorescence emission peak of the europium ion in combination with the phenol formaldehyde resin (PFR). Cell metabolic activity and proliferation behavior are not affected. Colocalization experiments reveal the distinct accumulation of SMART RHESINs near the Golgi apparatus. Overall, SMART RHESINs show superparamagnetic behavior and special luminescent properties without acute cytotoxicity, making them suitable for bimodal imaging probes for medical use like cancer diagnosis and treatment. SMART RHESINs have the potential to enable quantitative MPS and MPI measurements both in mobile and immobilized environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Feye
- Faculty of Engineering, Baden-Württemberg Cooperative State University Karlsruhe, 76133, Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Jessica Matthias
- Department of Optical Nanoscopy, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alena Fischer
- Department of Optical Nanoscopy, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - David Rudolph
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Jens Treptow
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Radian Popescu
- Laboratory for Electron Microscopy, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Jochen Franke
- Bruker, BioSpin MRI GmbH, Preclinical Imaging Division, 76275, Ettlingen, Germany
| | | | | | - Dagmar Gerthsen
- Laboratory for Electron Microscopy, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Claus Feldmann
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Peter W Roesky
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Esther S Rösch
- Faculty of Engineering, Baden-Württemberg Cooperative State University Karlsruhe, 76133, Karlsruhe, Germany
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23
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Zhang HJ, Zhou HR, Pan W, Wang C, Liu YY, Yang L, Tsz-Ki Tsui M, Miao AJ. Accumulation of nanoplastics in human cells as visualized and quantified by hyperspectral imaging with enhanced dark-field microscopy. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 179:108134. [PMID: 37595538 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
Nanoplastic (NP) pollution is receiving increasing attention regarding its potential effects on human health. The identification and quantification of intracellular NPs are prerequisites for an accurate risk assessment, but appropriate methods are lacking. Here we present a label-free technique to simultaneously visualize and quantify the bioaccumulation of NPs based on hyperspectral imaging with enhanced dark-field microscopy (HSI-DFM). Using polystyrene NPs (PS NPs) as representative particles, the construction of a hyperspectral library was optimized first with more accurate NP identification achieved when the library was based on intracellular instead of extracellular PS NPs. The PS NPs used herein were labeled with a green fluorescent dye so that the accuracy of HSI-DFM in identifying and quantifying intracellular NPs can be evaluated, by comparing the results with those obtained by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry. The validation of HSI-DFM for use in determinations of the NP concentration at the single-cell level allows analyses of the accumulation kinetics of NPs in single living cells. The utility of HSI-DFM in different cell lines and with NPs differing in their chemical composition was also demonstrated. HSI-DFM therefore provides a new approach to studies of the accumulation and distribution of NPs in human cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Jie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210023, China
| | - Hao-Ran Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210023, China; Bureau of Hydrology, Changjiang Water Resources Commission, Ministry of Water Resources of People's Republic of China, Wuhan 430010, China
| | - Wei Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210023, China
| | - Chuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210023, China
| | - Yue-Yue Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210023, China
| | - Liuyan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210023, China
| | - Martin Tsz-Ki Tsui
- School of Life Sciences, Earth and Environmental Sciences Programme, State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Ai-Jun Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210023, China.
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24
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Ruan Y, Zhong Z, Liu X, Li Z, Li J, Sun L, Sen H. Correlation between cellular uptake and cytotoxicity of polystyrene micro/nanoplastics in HeLa cells: A size-dependent matter. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0289473. [PMID: 37552688 PMCID: PMC10409258 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0289473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The cytotoxicity of micro/nanoplastics (MNPs) is known to be strongly influenced by particle size, but the mechanism is not clear so far. We reported the ability of polystyrene MNPs to be internalized by HeLa cells could be a reason for the size dependent cytotoxicity of MNPs. We found that small MNPs (10 nm and 15 nm in radius) could be efficiently internalized by HeLa cells, MNPs of 25 nm in radius could be slightly internalized by the cells, and larger MNPs could not enter the cells at all. We showed that only MNPs, which could be internalized by cells, had a toxic effect on cell activity in a dose-dependent manner. In contrast, MNPs, which could not be internalized by cells, showed no cytotoxicity even if at extremely high concentrations. We attributed the correlation between the size-dependent uptake of MNPs and the size-dependent cytotoxicity of MNPs to the enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) level and abnormal gene expression. Our study pointed out that cellular uptake is one of the most fundamental mechanisms for the cytotoxicity of MNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Ruan
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Key Laboratory of Philosophy and Social Science in Guangdong Province of Community of Life for Man and Nature, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zheng Zhong
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Key Laboratory of Philosophy and Social Science in Guangdong Province of Community of Life for Man and Nature, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Key Laboratory of Philosophy and Social Science in Guangdong Province of Community of Life for Man and Nature, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziwei Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Key Laboratory of Philosophy and Social Science in Guangdong Province of Community of Life for Man and Nature, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junxian Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Key Laboratory of Philosophy and Social Science in Guangdong Province of Community of Life for Man and Nature, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lili Sun
- Guangzhou Inspection Testing and Certification Group Co., Ltd., China
| | - Hou Sen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Key Laboratory of Philosophy and Social Science in Guangdong Province of Community of Life for Man and Nature, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
- Shandong Huapu Testing Technology Co., Ltd., Yantai, China
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25
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Merkher Y, Kontareva E, Bogdan E, Achkasov K, Maximova K, Grolman JM, Leonov S. Encapsulation and adhesion of nanoparticles as a potential biomarker for TNBC cells metastatic propensity. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12289. [PMID: 37516753 PMCID: PMC10387085 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33540-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is the main cause of cancer-related mortality; therefore, the ability to predict its propensity can remarkably affect survival rate. Metastasis development is predicted nowadays by lymph-node status, tumor size, histopathology, and genetic testing. However, all these methods may have inaccuracies, and some require weeks to complete. Identifying novel prognostic markers will open an essential source for risk prediction, possibly guiding to elevated patient treatment by personalized strategies. Cancer cell invasion is a critical step in metastasis. The cytoskeletal mechanisms used by metastatic cells for the invasion process are very similar to the utilization of actin cytoskeleton in the endocytosis process. In the current study, the adhesion and encapsulation efficiency of low-cost carboxylate-modified fluorescent nanoparticles by breast cancer cells with high (HM) and low metastatic potential (LM) have been evaluated; benign cells were used as control. Using high-content fluorescence imaging and analysis, we have revealed (within a short time of 1 h), that efficiency of nanoparticles adherence and encapsulation is sufficiently higher in HM cells compared to LM cells, while benign cells are not encapsulating or adhering the particles during experiment time at all. We have utilized custom-made automatic image analysis algorithms to find quantitative co-localization (Pearson's coefficients) of the nanoparticles with the imaged cells. The method proposed here is straightforward; it does not require especial equipment or expensive materials nor complicated cell manipulations, it may be potentially applicable for various cells, including patient-derived cells. Effortless and quantitative determination of the metastatic likelihood has the potential to be performed using patient-specific biopsy/surgery sample, which will directly influence the choice of protocols for cancer patient's treatment and, as a result, increase their life expectancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulia Merkher
- Laboratory of Innovative Medicine and Agrobiotechnology, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (MIPT), Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, Russia.
| | - Elizaveta Kontareva
- Laboratory of Innovative Medicine and Agrobiotechnology, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (MIPT), Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Elizaveta Bogdan
- Laboratory of Innovative Medicine and Agrobiotechnology, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (MIPT), Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Konstantin Achkasov
- Laboratory of Innovative Medicine and Agrobiotechnology, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (MIPT), Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Ksenia Maximova
- Laboratory of Innovative Medicine and Agrobiotechnology, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (MIPT), Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Joshua M Grolman
- The Biomechanic Materials Lab, Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Sergey Leonov
- Laboratory of Innovative Medicine and Agrobiotechnology, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (MIPT), Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, Russia.
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26
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Tan Y, Song Q. Research trends and hotspots on the links between caveolin and cancer: bibliometric and visual analysis from 2003 to 2022. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1237456. [PMID: 37576808 PMCID: PMC10416243 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1237456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Extensive studies indicated that caveolin is a key regulator in multiple cellular processes. Recently, growing evidence demonstrated that caveolin is critically involved in tumor progression. Since no relevant bibliometric study has been published, we performed a bibliometric and visual analysis to depict the knowledge framework of research related to the involvement of caveolin in cancer. Methods: Relevant studies published in English during 2003-2022 were obtained from the Web of Science Core Collection database. Three programs (VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and R-bibliometrix) and the website of bibliometrics (http://bibliometric.com/) were applied to construct networks based on the analysis of countries, institutions, authors, journals, references, and keywords. Results: A total of 2,463 documents were extracted and identified. The United States had the greatest number of publications and total citations, and Thomas Jefferson University was the most productive institution. Michael P. Lisanti was the most influential scholar in this research domain. Cell Cycle was the journal with the most publications on this subject. The most local-cited document was the article titled "Caveolin-1 in oncogenic transformation, cancer, and metastasis." A comprehensive analysis has been conducted based on keywords and cited references. Initially, the research frontiers were predominantly "signal transduction", "human breast cancer," "oncogenically transformed cells," "tumor suppressor gene," and "fibroblasts." While in recent years, the research emphasis has shifted to "tumor microenvironment," "epithelial mesenchymal transition," "nanoparticles," and "stem cells." Conclusion: Taken together, our bibliometric analysis shows that caveolin continues to be of interest in cancer research. The hotspots and research frontiers have evolved from the regulation of cancer signaling, to potential targets of cancer therapy and novel techniques. These results can provide a data-based reference for the guidance of future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqian Tan
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Song
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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27
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Pontecorvi P, Ceccarelli S, Cece F, Camero S, Lotti LV, Niccolai E, Nannini G, Gerini G, Anastasiadou E, Scialis ES, Romano E, Venneri MA, Amedei A, Angeloni A, Megiorni F, Marchese C. Assessing the Impact of Polyethylene Nano/Microplastic Exposure on Human Vaginal Keratinocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11379. [PMID: 37511139 PMCID: PMC10380279 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The global rise of single-use throw-away plastic products has elicited a massive increase in the nano/microplastics (N/MPLs) exposure burden in humans. Recently, it has been demonstrated that disposable period products may release N/MPLs with usage, which represents a potential threat to women's health which has not been scientifically addressed yet. By using polyethyl ene (PE) particles (200 nm to 9 μm), we showed that acute exposure to a high concentration of N/MPLs induced cell toxicity in vaginal keratinocytes after effective cellular uptake, as viability and apoptosis data suggest, along with transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observations. The internalised N/MPLs altered the expression of junctional and adherence proteins and the organisation of the actin cortex, influencing the level of genes involved in oxidative stress signalling pathways and that of miRNAs related to epithelial barrier function. When the exposure to PE N/MPLs was discontinued or became chronic, cells were able to recover from the negative effects on viability and differentiation/proliferation gene expression in a few days. However, in all cases, PE N/MPL exposure prompted a sustained alteration of DNA methyltransferase and DNA demethylase expression, which might impact epigenetic regulation processes, leading to accelerated cell ageing and inflammation, or the occurrence of malignant transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Pontecorvi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Simona Ceccarelli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Cece
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Simona Camero
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Lavinia Vittoria Lotti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Niccolai
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Giulia Nannini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Giulia Gerini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Eleni Anastasiadou
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Via di Grottarossa 1035, 00189 Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Sofia Scialis
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, University "G. D'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Enrico Romano
- Department of Sense Organs, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Mary Anna Venneri
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Amedeo Amedei
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Antonio Angeloni
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Megiorni
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Cinzia Marchese
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
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28
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Somarathne RP, Amarasekara DL, Kariyawasam CS, Robertson HA, Mayatt R, Fitzkee NC. Protein Binding Leads to Reduced Stability and Solvated Disorder in the Polystyrene Nanoparticle Corona. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.07.06.548033. [PMID: 37461509 PMCID: PMC10350082 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.06.548033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the conformation of proteins in the nanoparticle corona has important implications in how organisms respond to nanoparticle-based drugs. These proteins coat the nanoparticle surface, and their properties will influence the nanoparticle's interaction with cell targets and the immune system. While some coronas are thought to be disordered, two key unanswered questions are the degree of disorder and solvent accessibility. Here, using a comprehensive thermodynamic approach, along with supporting spectroscopic experiments, we develop a model for protein corona disorder in polystyrene nanoparticles of varying size. For two different proteins, we find that binding affinity decreases as nanoparticle size increases. The stoichiometry of binding, along with changes in the hydrodynamic size, support a highly solvated, disordered protein corona anchored at a small number of enthalpically-driven attachment sites. The scaling of the stoichiometry vs. nanoparticle size is consistent disordered polymer dimensions. Moreover, we find that proteins are destabilized less severely in the presence of larger nanoparticles, and this is supported by measurements of hydrophobic exposure, which becomes less pronounced at lower curvatures. Our observations hold for flat polystyrene surfaces, which, when controlled for total surface area, have the lowest hydrophobic exposure of all systems. Our model provides an explanation for previous observations of increased amyloid fibrillation rates in the presence of larger nanoparticles, and it may rationalize how cell receptors can recognize protein disorder in therapeutic nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radha P. Somarathne
- Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA
| | | | | | - Harley A. Robertson
- Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA
| | - Railey Mayatt
- Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA
| | - Nicholas C. Fitzkee
- Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA
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29
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Muscetti O, Blal N, Mollo V, Netti PA, Guarnieri D. Intracellular Localization during Blood-Brain Barrier Crossing Influences Extracellular Release and Uptake of Fluorescent Nanoprobes. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:1999. [PMID: 37446515 DOI: 10.3390/nano13131999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
To improve the efficacy of nanoparticles (NPs) and boost their theragnostic potential for brain diseases, it is key to understand the mechanisms controlling blood-brain barrier (BBB) crossing. Here, the capability of 100 nm carboxylated polystyrene NPs, used as a nanoprobe model, to cross the human brain endothelial hCMEC/D3 cell layer, as well as to be consequently internalized by human brain tumor U87 cells, is investigated as a function of NPs' different intracellular localization. We compared NPs confined in the endo-lysosomal compartment, delivered to the cells through endocytosis, with free NPs in the cytoplasm, delivered by the gene gun method. The results indicate that the intracellular behavior of NPs changed as a function of their entrance mechanism. Moreover, by bypassing endo-lysosomal accumulation, free NPs were released from cells more efficiently than endocytosed NPs. Most importantly, once excreted by the endothelial cells, free NPs were released in the cell culture medium as aggregates smaller than endocytosed NPs and, consequently, they entered the human glioblastoma U87 cells more efficiently. These findings prove that intracellular localization influences NPs' long-term fate, improving their cellular release and consequent cellular uptake once in the brain parenchyma. This study represents a step forward in designing nanomaterials that are able to reach the brain effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ornella Muscetti
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Healthcare, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT@CRIB), Largo Barsanti e Matteucci 53, 80125 Naples, Italy
| | - Naym Blal
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Healthcare, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT@CRIB), Largo Barsanti e Matteucci 53, 80125 Naples, Italy
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia "Adolfo Zambelli", Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Salerno, Italy
| | - Valentina Mollo
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Healthcare, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT@CRIB), Largo Barsanti e Matteucci 53, 80125 Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo Antonio Netti
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Healthcare, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT@CRIB), Largo Barsanti e Matteucci 53, 80125 Naples, Italy
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre on Biomaterials, (CRIB), University of Naples Federico II, 80125 Naples, Italy
- Department of Chemical Materials and Industrial Production (DICMaPI), University of Naples Federico II, 80125 Naples, Italy
| | - Daniela Guarnieri
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Healthcare, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT@CRIB), Largo Barsanti e Matteucci 53, 80125 Naples, Italy
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia "Adolfo Zambelli", Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Salerno, Italy
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30
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Ma YB, Xie ZY, Hamid N, Tang QP, Deng JY, Luo L, Pei DS. Recent advances in micro (nano) plastics in the environment: Distribution, health risks, challenges and future prospects. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 261:106597. [PMID: 37311378 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2023.106597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Environmental micro(nano)plastics have become a significant global pollution problem due to the widespread use of plastic products. In this review, we summarized the latest research advances on micro(nano)plastics in the environment, including their distribution, health risks, challenges, and future prospect. Micro(nano)plastics have been found in a variety of environmental media, such as the atmosphere, water bodies, sediment, and especially marine systems, even in remote places like Antarctica, mountain tops, and the deep sea. The accumulation of micro(nano)plastics in organisms or humans through ingestion or other passive ways poses a series of negative impacts on metabolism, immune function, and health. Moreover, due to their large specific surface area, micro(nano)plastics can also adsorb other pollutants, causing even more serious effects on animal and human health. Despite the significant health risks posed by micro(nano)plastics, there are limitations in the methods used to measure their dispersion in the environment and their potential health risks to organisms. Therefore, further research is needed to fully understand these risks and their impacts on the environment and human health. Taken together, the challenges of micro(nano)plastics analysis in the environment and organisms must be addressed, and future research prospects need to be identified. Governments and individuals must take action to reduce plastic waste and minimize the negative impact of micro(nano)plastics on the environment and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Bo Ma
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, China
| | - Zhuo-Yuan Xie
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, China; College of Architecture and Urban Planning, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China; Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, China
| | - Naima Hamid
- Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, University Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Qi-Ping Tang
- School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Jiao-Yun Deng
- School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Lin Luo
- School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - De-Sheng Pei
- School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
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31
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Soprano E, Migliavacca M, López-Ferreiro M, Pelaz B, Polo E, Del Pino P. Fusogenic Cell-Derived nanocarriers for cytosolic delivery of cargo inside living cells. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 648:488-496. [PMID: 37302232 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A surface-engineered cell-derived nanocarrier was developed for efficient cytosolic delivery of encapsulated biologically active molecules inside living cells. Thus, a combination of aromatic-labeled and cationic lipids, instrumental in providing fusogenic properties, was intercalated into the biomimetic shell of self-assembled nanocarriers formed from cell membrane extracts. The nanocarriers were loaded, as a proof of concept, with either bisbenzimide molecules, a fluorescently labeled dextran polymer, the bicyclic heptapeptide phalloidin, fluorescently labeled polystyrene nanoparticles or a ribonucleoprotein complex (Cas9/sgRNA). The demonstrated nanocarrieŕs fusogenic behavior relies on the fusogen-like properties imparted by the intercalated exogenous lipids, which allows for circumventing lysosomal storage, thereby leading to efficient delivery into the cytosolic milieu where cargo regains function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrica Soprano
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Rúa Jenaro de la Fuente s/n, 15705 Santiago de Compostela Spain
| | - Martina Migliavacca
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Rúa Jenaro de la Fuente s/n, 15705 Santiago de Compostela Spain
| | - Miriam López-Ferreiro
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Rúa Jenaro de la Fuente s/n, 15705 Santiago de Compostela Spain
| | - Beatriz Pelaz
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Rúa Jenaro de la Fuente s/n, 15705 Santiago de Compostela Spain
| | - Ester Polo
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Rúa Jenaro de la Fuente s/n, 15705 Santiago de Compostela Spain.
| | - Pablo Del Pino
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Rúa Jenaro de la Fuente s/n, 15705 Santiago de Compostela Spain.
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32
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Carroll E, Kunte N, McGraw E, Gautam S, Range R, Noveron-Nunez JA, Held DW, Avila LA. Gene silencing in adult Popillia japonica through feeding of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) complexed with branched amphiphilic peptide capsules (BAPCs). FRONTIERS IN INSECT SCIENCE 2023; 3:1151789. [PMID: 38469482 PMCID: PMC10926504 DOI: 10.3389/finsc.2023.1151789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Gene silencing by feeding double-stranded (dsRNA) holds promise as a novel pest management strategy. Nonetheless, degradation of dsRNA in the environment and within the insect gut, as well as inefficient systemic delivery are major limitations to applying this strategy. Branched amphiphilic peptide capsules (BAPCs) complexed with dsRNA have been used to successfully target genes outside and inside the gut epithelium upon ingestion. This suggests that BAPCs can protect dsRNA from degradation in the gut environment and successfully shuttle it across gut epithelium. In this study, our objectives were to 1) Determine whether feeding on BAPC-dsRNA complexes targeting a putative peritrophin gene of P. japonica would result in the suppression of gut peritrophin synthesis, and 2) gain insight into the cellular uptake mechanisms and transport of BAPC-dsRNA complexes across the larval midgut of P. japonica. Our results suggest that BAPC-dsRNA complexes are readily taken up by the midgut epithelium, and treatment of the tissue with endocytosis inhibitors effectively suppresses intracellular transport. Further, assessment of gene expression in BAPC- peritrophin dsRNA fed beetles demonstrated significant downregulation in mRNA levels relative to control and/or dsRNA alone. Our results demonstrated that BAPCs increase the efficacy of gene knockdown relative to dsRNA alone in P. japonica adults. To our knowledge, this is the first report on nanoparticle-mediated dsRNA delivery through feeding in P. japonica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elijah Carroll
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Nitish Kunte
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Erin McGraw
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Sujan Gautam
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Ryan Range
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
| | | | - David W. Held
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - L. Adriana Avila
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
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33
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Castagnola V, Deleye L, Podestà A, Jaho E, Loiacono F, Debellis D, Trevisani M, Ciobanu DZ, Armirotti A, Pisani F, Flahaut E, Vazquez E, Bramini M, Cesca F, Benfenati F. Interactions of Graphene Oxide and Few-Layer Graphene with the Blood-Brain Barrier. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:2981-2990. [PMID: 36917703 PMCID: PMC10103300 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c00377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Thanks to their biocompatibility and high cargo capability, graphene-based materials (GRMs) might represent an ideal brain delivery system. The capability of GRMs to reach the brain has mainly been investigated in vivo and has highlighted some controversy. Herein, we employed two in vitro BBB models of increasing complexity to investigate the bionano interactions with graphene oxide (GO) and few-layer graphene (FLG): a 2D murine Transwell model, followed by a 3D human multicellular assembloid, to mimic the complexity of the in vivo architecture and intercellular crosstalk. We developed specific methodologies to assess the translocation of GO and FLG in a label-free fashion and a platform applicable to any nanomaterial. Overall, our results show good biocompatibility of the two GRMs, which did not impact the integrity and functionality of the barrier. Sufficiently dispersed subpopulations of GO and FLG were actively uptaken by endothelial cells; however, the translocation was identified as a rare event.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Castagnola
- Center
for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy
- IRCCS
Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Lieselot Deleye
- Center
for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Alice Podestà
- Center
for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Edra Jaho
- Center
for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Loiacono
- IRCCS
Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Doriana Debellis
- Electron
Microscopy Facility, Istituto Italiano di
Tecnologia, Via Morego, 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Martina Trevisani
- Center
for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy
- Department
of Experimental Medicine, Università
degli Studi di Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Dinu Zinovie Ciobanu
- Analytical
Chemistry Lab, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Andrea Armirotti
- Analytical
Chemistry Lab, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Francesco Pisani
- Center
for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy
- Department
of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari 70121, Italy
| | - Emmanuel Flahaut
- CIRIMAT,
UMR 5085, CNRS-INP-UPS, Université
Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, 118 route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse cedex 9, France
| | - Ester Vazquez
- Instituto
Regional de Investigación Científica Aplicada (IRICA), Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
- Facultad
de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Camilo José Cela S/N, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Mattia Bramini
- Center
for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy
- Department
of Cell Biology, Universidad de Granada, C. Fuentenueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Fabrizia Cesca
- Center
for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy
- Department
of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Fabio Benfenati
- Center
for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy
- IRCCS
Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy
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34
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Guo WB, Wu C, Pan K, Yang L, Miao AJ. Pre-exposure to Fe 2O 3 or TiO 2 Nanoparticles Inhibits Subsequent Biological Uptake of 55Fe-Labeled Fe 2O 3 Nanoparticles. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:4831-4840. [PMID: 36938933 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c08747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Aquatic organisms are frequently exposed to various nanoparticles (NPs) in the natural environment. Thus, studies of NP bioaccumulation should include organisms that have been previously exposed to NPs. Our study investigated the effects of pre-exposure of Tetrahymena thermophila (T. thermophila) to Fe2O3 or TiO2 NPs on the protozoan's subsequent uptake of 55Fe-labeled Fe2O3 (55Fe2O3) NPs. Molecular mechanisms underlying the pre-exposure effects were explored in transcriptomic and metabolomic experiments. Pre-exposure to either NPs inhibited the subsequent uptake of 55Fe2O3 NPs. The results of the transcriptomic experiment indicated that NP pre-exposure influenced the expression of genes related to phagosomes and lysosomes and physiological processes such as glutathione and lipid metabolism, which are closely associated with the endocytosis of 55Fe2O3 NPs. The differentially expressed metabolites obtained from the metabolomic experiments showed an enrichment of energy metabolism and antioxidation pathways in T. thermophila pre-exposed to NPs. Together, these results demonstrate that the pre-exposure of T. thermophila to Fe2O3 or TiO2 NPs inhibited the protozoan's subsequent uptake of 55Fe2O3 NPs, possibly by mechanisms involving the alteration of endocytosis-related organelles, the induction of oxidative stress, and a lowering of the intracellular energy supply. Thus, NP pre-exposure represents a scenario which can inform increasingly realistic estimates of NP bioaccumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Bo Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu Province, China PRC
| | - Chao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu Province, China PRC
| | - Ke Pan
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China PRC
| | - Liuyan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu Province, China PRC
| | - Ai-Jun Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu Province, China PRC
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35
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Moreno-Gutierrez DS, Del Toro-Ríos X, Martinez-Sulvaran NJ, Perez-Altamirano MB, Hernandez-Garcia A. Programming the Cellular Uptake of Protein-Based Viromimetic Nanoparticles for Enhanced Delivery. Biomacromolecules 2023; 24:1563-1573. [PMID: 36877960 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c01295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
Viral mimetics is a noteworthy strategy to design efficient delivery systems without the safety drawbacks and engineering difficulties of modifying viral vectors. The triblock polypeptide CSB was previously designed de novo to self-assemble with DNA into nanocomplexes called artificial virus-like particles (AVLPs) due to their similarities to viral particles. Here, we show how we can incorporate new blocks into the CSB polypeptide to enhance its transfection without altering its self-assembly capabilities and the stability and morphology of the AVLPs. The addition of a short peptide (aurein) and/or a large protein (transferrin) to the AVLPs improved their internalization and specific targeting to cells by up to 11 times. Overall, these results show how we can further program the cellular uptake of the AVLPs with a wide range of bioactive blocks. This can pave the way to develop programmable and efficient gene delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- David S Moreno-Gutierrez
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Engineering and Bionanotechnology, Department of Chemistry of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Chemistry, UNAM, 04510 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ximena Del Toro-Ríos
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Engineering and Bionanotechnology, Department of Chemistry of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Chemistry, UNAM, 04510 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Natalia J Martinez-Sulvaran
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Engineering and Bionanotechnology, Department of Chemistry of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Chemistry, UNAM, 04510 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Mayra B Perez-Altamirano
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Engineering and Bionanotechnology, Department of Chemistry of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Chemistry, UNAM, 04510 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Armando Hernandez-Garcia
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Engineering and Bionanotechnology, Department of Chemistry of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Chemistry, UNAM, 04510 Mexico City, Mexico
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36
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Selenized Polymer-Lipid Hybrid Nanoparticles for Oral Delivery of Tripterine with Ameliorative Oral Anti-Enteritis Activity and Bioavailability. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15030821. [PMID: 36986681 PMCID: PMC10059782 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15030821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The oral delivery of insoluble and enterotoxic drugs has been largely plagued by gastrointestinal irritation, side effects, and limited bioavailability. Tripterine (Tri) ranks as the hotspot of anti-inflammatory research other than inferior water-solubility and biocompatibility. This study was intended to develop selenized polymer-lipid hybrid nanoparticles loading Tri (Se@Tri-PLNs) for enteritis intervention by improving its cellular uptake and bioavailability. Se@Tri-PLNs were fabricated by a solvent diffusion-in situ reduction technique and characterized by particle size, ζ potential, morphology, and entrapment efficiency (EE). The cytotoxicity, cellular uptake, oral pharmacokinetics, and in vivo anti-inflammatory effect were evaluated. The resultant Se@Tri-PLNs were 123 nm around in particle size, with a PDI of 0.183, ζ potential of −29.70 mV, and EE of 98.95%. Se@Tri-PLNs exhibited retardant drug release and better stability in the digestive fluids compared with the unmodified counterpart (Tri-PLNs). Moreover, Se@Tri-PLNs manifested higher cellular uptake in Caco-2 cells as evidenced by flow cytometry and confocal microscopy. The oral bioavailability of Tri-PLNs and Se@Tri-PLNs was up to 280% and 397% relative to Tri suspensions, respectively. Furthermore, Se@Tri-PLNs demonstrated more potent in vivo anti-enteritis activity, which resulted in a marked resolution of ulcerative colitis. Polymer-lipid hybrid nanoparticles (PLNs) enabled drug supersaturation in the gut and the sustained release of Tri to facilitate absorption, while selenium surface engineering reinforced the formulation performance and in vivo anti-inflammatory efficacy. The present work provides a proof-of-concept for the combined therapy of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) using phytomedicine and Se in an integrated nanosystem. Selenized PLNs loading anti-inflammatory phytomedicine may be valuable for the treatment of intractable inflammatory diseases.
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37
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Hou Y, Tu S, Zhao X, Li G, Li N, Zou A. An integrative method for evaluating the biological effects of nanoparticle-protein corona. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2023; 1867:130300. [PMID: 36577488 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2022.130300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nanoplastics in the environment can enter the human body through gastrointestinal intake, dermal contact, and pulmonary inhalation, posing a threat to human health. Protein molecules in body fluids will quickly adsorb on the surfaces of the nanoplastics, forming a protein corona, which has implications for the interaction of the nanoplastics with cells and the metabolic pathways of the nanoplastic within cells. For years, practical tools such as dynamic light scattering, transmission electron microscopy, and liquid chromatography have been developed to understand the protein corona of nanoparticles (NPs), either in vitro or in cellular or molecular level. However, an integrated approach to understand the nanoparticles-protein corona is still lacking. METHODS Using the most frequently observed environmental nanoplastics, polystyrene nanoplastics (PS), as a standard, we established an integrative structural characterization platform, a biophysical and biochemical evaluation method to investigate the effect of surface charge on protein corona composition. The cellular and molecular mechanisms were also explored through in vitro cellular experiments. RESULTS The first integrative method for characterizing biological properties of NPs-protein corona has been established. This method comprehensively covers the critical aspects to understand NPs-protein corona interactions, from structure to function. CONCLUSIONS The integrative method for nanoplastics microstructure characterization can be applied to the structural characterization of nanoparticles in nanoscale, which is of universal significance from in vitro characterization to cellular experiments and then to molecular mechanism studies. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE This strategy has high reliability and repeatability and can be applied both in environment and nanomedicine safety assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yushuang Hou
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuyang Tu
- National Facility for Protein Science in Shanghai, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute (Zhangjiang Laboratory), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohuan Zhao
- Analysis Center of Agrobiology and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangyi Li
- National Facility for Protein Science in Shanghai, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute (Zhangjiang Laboratory), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Li
- National Facility for Protein Science in Shanghai, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute (Zhangjiang Laboratory), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, People's Republic of China.
| | - Aihua Zou
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China; College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, People's Republic of China.
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38
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Spencer AP, Leiro V, Pêgo AP. Unravelling the interactions of biodegradable dendritic nucleic acid carriers and neural cells. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:1499-1516. [PMID: 36602540 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm01114j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Nanomedicines based on nanoparticles as carriers of therapeutics are expected to drastically influence the future of healthcare. However, clinical translation of these technologies can be very challenging. The development process of nanoparticles for biological applications encompasses the analysis and understanding of several steps in vitro, before in vivo, and subsequent clinical applications, namely, the in-depth study of biosafety, cellular interaction, and intracellular trafficking. Recently, we proposed a new family of fully biodegradable PEG-GATGE (Poly(Ethylene Glycol)-Gallic Acid-Triethylene Glycol Ester) dendritic block copolymers to act as versatile delivery vectors in nanomedicine. These nanosystems showed great promise in complexing, protecting, and delivering nucleic acids to cells, forming nanoscaled complexes called dendriplexes. Due to these favourable features, in the present study, the dendriplexes' characterization was expanded and, in addition, their biocompatibility, cellular uptake, and cellular path in neuronal cells from the peripheral and central nervous systems were assessed. Our fully biodegradable dendritic nanosystem was found to be biocompatible in all the studied neuronal cells and mediates fast cellular interaction and endocytosis in both cell line tested and primary mouse cortical neurons. Nevertheless, the mechanism of dendriplex cell entry and intracellular fate was found to be different in cell lines and primary cultures. Dendriplexes' internalization was observed to be mediated by clathrin in ND7/23 and HT22 cells, while caveolin-mediated endocytosis occurred in primary mouse cortical neurons, in which, after internalization, dendriplexes were not colocalized with lysosomes or autophagosomes. Taken together, these results further point to PEG-GATGE dendrimers as biosafe delivery vectors of nucleic acids to neuronal cells in vitro, suggesting their feasibility as carriers in the context of nervous system applications. Furthermore, our data reinforce the importance of testing the performance of new vectors in different models to verify their potential applicability in vitro and/or in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Patrícia Spencer
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal. .,INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.,FEUP - Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Victoria Leiro
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal. .,INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Paula Pêgo
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal. .,INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.,ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-343 Porto, Portugal
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Prado Y, Aravena C, Aravena D, Eltit F, Gatica S, Riedel CA, Simon F. Small Plastics, Big Inflammatory Problems. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1408:101-127. [PMID: 37093424 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-26163-3_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
The immune system is the first defense against potentially dangerous chemicals, infections, and damaged cells. Interactions between immune cells and inflammatory mediators increase the coordinated activation of cross-talking signaling pathways, resulting in an acute response necessary to restore homeostasis but potentially detrimental if uncontrolled and prolonged. Plastic production exceeds million tons per year, becoming a global concern due to the stability of its constituent polymers, low density, which allows them to spread easily, and small size, which prevents proper removal by wastewater treatment plants, promoting environmental accumulation and increasing health threats. The interaction between plastic particles and the immune system is still being investigated, owing to growing evidence of increased risk not only for dietary intake due to its presence in food packaging, drinking water, and even fruits and vegetables, but also to emerging evidence of new intake pathways such as respiratory and cutaneous. We discuss in depth the impact of small plastic particles on the immune response across the body, with a focus on the nervous system and peripheral organs and tissues such as the gastrointestinal, respiratory, lymphatic, cardiovascular, and reproductive systems, as well as the involvement in increased susceptibility to worsening concomitant diseases and future perspectives in the exploration of potential therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda Prado
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cristobal Aravena
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
| | - Diego Aravena
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
| | - Felipe Eltit
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Sebastian Gatica
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudia A Riedel
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
| | - Felipe Simon
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile.
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile.
- Millennium Nucleus of Ion Channel-Associated Diseases, Santiago, Chile.
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da Silva Brito WA, Singer D, Miebach L, Saadati F, Wende K, Schmidt A, Bekeschus S. Comprehensive in vitro polymer type, concentration, and size correlation analysis to microplastic toxicity and inflammation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 854:158731. [PMID: 36108827 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The ubiquitous nature of microplastic particles (MP) is a growing environmental and ecological concern due to their impact on aquatic and terrestrial systems and potentially on human health. The potential impact on human health may be due to MP daily exposure by several routes, but little is known about the cellular effects. Previous in vitro and in vivo studies have described inflammation, oxidative stress, and metabolic disruption upon plastic exposure, while the effect of individual plastic parameters is not fully unraveled. To this end, we investigated plastic exposure to different polymer types, sizes, and concentrations in three human cell lines (A549, HEK293, and HeLa). Particles were polystyrene (PS) or polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) in three sizes and concentrations, and amine-modified PS served as positive control. After MP size validation using dynamic light scattering, a high-throughput high-content imaging-based and algorithm-driven multi-z-stack analysis was established to quantify intracellular fluorescent particle accumulation in 3D objects and cell maximum intensity projections. MP uptake correlated with concentration and for PS with size (1.040 μm), while for PMMA it was maximal for 400 nm MP. Uptake increased in HEK cells independent of MP parameters. Except for positive controls, no major effect on metabolic activity, viability, and cell cycle was observed, while intracellular thiol content and cytokine secretion were affected to a considerable extent. Interestingly, particle uptake was correlated significantly with particle size and concentration, underlining the dependence of MP parameters on biological effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walison Augusto da Silva Brito
- ZIK plasmatis, Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489 Greifswald, Germany; Department of General Pathology, State University of Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Debora Singer
- ZIK plasmatis, Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Lea Miebach
- ZIK plasmatis, Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489 Greifswald, Germany; Department of General, Thoracic, Vascular, and Visceral Surgery, Greifswald University Medical Center, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Str., 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Fariba Saadati
- ZIK plasmatis, Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489 Greifswald, Germany; Department of Dermatology and Venerology, Rostock University Medical Center, Strempelstr. 13, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Kristian Wende
- ZIK plasmatis, Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Anke Schmidt
- ZIK plasmatis, Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Sander Bekeschus
- ZIK plasmatis, Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489 Greifswald, Germany.
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Yang M, Wang WX. Recognition and movement of polystyrene nanoplastics in fish cells. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 316:120627. [PMID: 36370978 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Although nanoplastics are being increasingly scrutinized, little is known about their kinetic behavior in living organisms, especially in cellular systems. Herein, nonspecific interactions of three polystyrene nanoplastics (pristine-PS, NH2-PS, and COOH-PS, with size range of 90-100 nm and at concentrations of 0-100 μg mL-1) with zebrafish cells were quantified for their cellular uptake and exocytosis. Cell uptake of nanoplastics reached a peak within 2 h and then decreased. The overall nanoplastics uptake was dominated by PS-particle internalization. The estimated uptake rate was comparable among the different types of PS (pristine-PS, NH2-PS, and COOH-PS), but the uptake capacity was related to their functionality. The clathrin-mediated and caveolae-mediated pathways were mainly involved in the uptake of the three nanoplastics. The internalized PS-particles were initially delivered to the cytoplasm but then transported to lysosomes using energy. Meanwhile, these PS particles were released by the cells via energy-free penetration and energy-dependent lysosomal exocytosis. PS-particles were removed by the cells at a relatively slow rate, and the estimated retention half-lives of these PS-particles were 10.1 h, 12.0 h and 15.1 h for pristine-PS, NH2-PS and COOH-PS particles, respectively, in fish cells based on our kinetic measurements. Intracellular trajectory modeling of nanoplastics movement is critical for the environmental and human health risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Yang
- School of Energy and Environment, State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; Research Centre for the Oceans and Human Health, City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Wen-Xiong Wang
- School of Energy and Environment, State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; Research Centre for the Oceans and Human Health, City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, China.
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Perrins RD, McCarthy LA, Robinson A, Spry KL, Cognet V, Ferreira A, Porter J, Garcίa CE, Rodriguez MÁ, Lopez D, Perera I, Conlon K, Barrientos A, Coulter T, Pace A, Hale SJM, Ferrari E, Bachrati CZ. Targeting Ultrasmall Gold Nanoparticles with cRGD Peptide Increases the Uptake and Efficacy of Cytotoxic Payload. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:nano12224013. [PMID: 36432299 PMCID: PMC9696180 DOI: 10.3390/nano12224013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Cyclic arginyl-glycyl-aspartic acid peptide (cRGD) peptides show a high affinity towards αVβ3 integrin, a receptor overexpressed in many cancers. We aimed to combine the versatility of ultrasmall gold nanoparticles (usGNP) with the target selectivity of cRGD peptide for the directed delivery of a cytotoxic payload in a novel design. usGNPs were synthesized with a modified Brust-Schiffrin method and functionalized via amide coupling and ligand exchange and their uptake, intracellular trafficking, and toxicity were characterized. Our cRGD functionalized usGNPs demonstrated increased cellular uptake by αVβ3 integrin expressing cells, are internalized via clathrin-dependent endocytosis, accumulated in the lysosomes, and when loaded with mertansine led to increased cytotoxicity. Targeting via cRGD functionalization provides a mechanism to improve the efficacy, tolerability, and retention of therapeutic GNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lee-Anne McCarthy
- School of Life Sciences, University of Lincoln, Joseph Banks Laboratories, Green Lane, Lincoln LN6 7DL, UK
| | - Angela Robinson
- Midatech Pharma Plc, 1 Caspian Point, Caspian Way, Cardiff CF10 4DQ, UK
| | - Kelly L. Spry
- Midatech Pharma Plc, 1 Caspian Point, Caspian Way, Cardiff CF10 4DQ, UK
| | - Valentin Cognet
- Midatech Pharma Plc, 1 Caspian Point, Caspian Way, Cardiff CF10 4DQ, UK
| | - Avelino Ferreira
- Midatech Pharma Plc, 1 Caspian Point, Caspian Way, Cardiff CF10 4DQ, UK
| | - John Porter
- Midatech Pharma Plc, 1 Caspian Point, Caspian Way, Cardiff CF10 4DQ, UK
| | | | | | - Diana Lopez
- Midatech Pharma Plc, 1 Caspian Point, Caspian Way, Cardiff CF10 4DQ, UK
| | - Ibon Perera
- Midatech Pharma Plc, 1 Caspian Point, Caspian Way, Cardiff CF10 4DQ, UK
| | - Kelly Conlon
- Midatech Pharma Plc, 1 Caspian Point, Caspian Way, Cardiff CF10 4DQ, UK
| | - Africa Barrientos
- Midatech Pharma Plc, 1 Caspian Point, Caspian Way, Cardiff CF10 4DQ, UK
| | - Tom Coulter
- Midatech Pharma Plc, 1 Caspian Point, Caspian Way, Cardiff CF10 4DQ, UK
| | - Alessandro Pace
- Midatech Pharma Plc, 1 Caspian Point, Caspian Way, Cardiff CF10 4DQ, UK
| | - Sarah J. M. Hale
- Midatech Pharma Plc, 1 Caspian Point, Caspian Way, Cardiff CF10 4DQ, UK
| | - Enrico Ferrari
- School of Life Sciences, University of Lincoln, Joseph Banks Laboratories, Green Lane, Lincoln LN6 7DL, UK
| | - Csanad Z. Bachrati
- School of Life Sciences, University of Lincoln, Joseph Banks Laboratories, Green Lane, Lincoln LN6 7DL, UK
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-1522-886787
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Han SW, Ryu KY. Increased clearance of non-biodegradable polystyrene nanoplastics by exocytosis through inhibition of retrograde intracellular transport. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 439:129576. [PMID: 35850071 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nanoplastics (NPs) are derived from microplastics and may cause health problems. We previously showed that 100 nm polystyrene (PS)-NPs enter cells, including mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs), and their intracellular accumulation induces inflammatory and oxidative stress. Moreover, PS-NP uptake was found to occur via endocytosis, and they accumulated mostly at the juxtanuclear position, but never within the nucleus. We speculated that PS-NPs were cleared from cells when they were no longer exposed to PS-NPs. However, the effects of PS-NPs on the cellular machinery remain unknown. The accumulation of PS-NPs at the juxtanuclear position may be due to retrograde transport along microtubules. To confirm this, we treated PS-NP-exposed MEFs with inhibitors of histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6), dynein, or microtubule polymerization and found greatly diminished intracellular and juxtanuclear accumulation. Moreover, rapid clearance of PS-NPs was observed when MEFs were treated with an HDAC6 inhibitor. PS-NPs were removed by exocytosis, as confirmed by treatment with an exocytosis inhibitor. Furthermore, inhibiting the retrograde transport of PS-NPs alleviated the activation of the antioxidant response pathway, inflammatory and oxidative stress, and reactive oxygen species generation. In summary, inhibition of the retrograde transport of non-biodegradable PS-NPs leads to their rapid export by exocytosis, which may reduce their cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Woo Han
- Department of Life Science, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwon-Yul Ryu
- Department of Life Science, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504, Republic of Korea.
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44
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Yin J, Ju Y, Qian H, Wang J, Miao X, Zhu Y, Zhou L, Ye L. Nanoplastics and Microplastics May Be Damaging Our Livers. TOXICS 2022; 10:toxics10100586. [PMID: 36287866 PMCID: PMC9610555 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10100586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Plastics in the environment can be degraded and even broken into pieces under the action of natural factors, and the degraded products with a particle size of less than 5 mm are called microplastics (MPs). MPs exist in a variety of environmental media that come into contact with the human body. It can enter the body through environmental media and food chains. At present, there are many studies investigating the damage of MPs to marine organisms and mammals. The liver is the largest metabolizing organ and plays an important role in the metabolism of MPs in the body. However, there is no available systematic review on the toxic effects of MPs on the liver. This paper summarizes the adverse effects and mechanisms of MPs on the liver, by searching the literature and highlighting the studies that have been published to date, and provides a scenario for the liver toxicity caused by MPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianli Yin
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Ye Ju
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Honghao Qian
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Jia Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Xiaohan Miao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Liting Zhou
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Lin Ye
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
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45
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Das SS, Tambe S, Prasad Verma PR, Amin P, Singh N, Singh SK, Gupta PK. Molecular insights and therapeutic implications of nanoengineered dietary polyphenols for targeting lung cancer: part II. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2022; 17:1799-1816. [PMID: 36636965 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2022-0117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids represent a major group of polyphenolic compounds. Their capacity to inhibit tumor proliferation, cell cycle, angiogenesis, migration and invasion is substantially responsible for their chemotherapeutic activity against lung cancer. However, their clinical application is limited due to poor aqueous solubility, low permeability and quick blood clearance, which leads to their low bioavailability. Nanoengineered systems such as liposomes, nanoparticles, micelles, dendrimers and nanotubes can considerably enhance the targeted action of the flavonoids with improved efficacy and pharmacokinetic properties, and flavonoids can be successfully translated from bench to bedside through various nanoengineering approaches. This review addresses the therapeutic potential of various flavonoids and highlights the cutting-edge progress in the nanoengineered systems that incorporate flavonoids for treating lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabya Sachi Das
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 835215, India.,School of Pharmaceutical & Population Health Informatics, DIT University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248009, India
| | - Srushti Tambe
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400019, India
| | - Priya Ranjan Prasad Verma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 835215, India
| | - Purnima Amin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400019, India
| | - Neeru Singh
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Technology, University Polytechnic, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 835215, India
| | - Sandeep Kumar Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 835215, India
| | - Piyush Kumar Gupta
- Department of Life Sciences, Sharda School of Basic Sciences & Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201310, India.,Department of Biotechnology, Graphic Era Deemed to be University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248002, India.,Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, INTI International University, Nilai, 71800, Malaysia
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46
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Yang W, Jannatun N, Zeng Y, Liu T, Zhang G, Chen C, Li Y. Impacts of microplastics on immunity. FRONTIERS IN TOXICOLOGY 2022; 4:956885. [PMID: 36238600 PMCID: PMC9552327 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2022.956885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Most disposable plastic products are degraded slowly in the natural environment and continually turned to microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs), posing additional environmental hazards. The toxicological assessment of MPs for marine organisms and mammals has been reported. Thus, there is an urgent need to be aware of the harm of MPs to the human immune system and more studies about immunological assessments. This review focuses on how MPs are produced and how they may interact with the environment and our body, particularly their immune responses and immunotoxicity. MPs can be taken up by cells, thus disrupting the intracellular signaling pathways, altering the immune homeostasis and finally causing damage to tissues and organs. The generation of reactive oxygen species is the mainly toxicological mechanisms after MP exposure, which may further induce the production of danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and associate with the processes of toll-like receptors (TLRs) disruption, cytokine production, and inflammatory responses in immune cells. MPs effectively interact with cell membranes or intracellular proteins to form a protein-corona, and combine with external pollutants, chemicals, and pathogens to induce greater toxicity and strong adverse effects. A comprehensive research on the immunotoxicity effects and mechanisms of MPs, including various chemical compositions, shapes, sizes, combined exposure and concentrations, is worth to be studied. Therefore, it is urgently needed to further elucidate the immunological hazards and risks of humans that exposed to MPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Yang
- Laboratory of Immunology and Nanomedicine, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Nahar Jannatun
- Laboratory of Immunology and Nanomedicine, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yanqiao Zeng
- Laboratory of Immunology and Nanomedicine, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Tinghao Liu
- Laboratory of Immunology and Nanomedicine, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guofang Zhang
- Laboratory of Immunology and Nanomedicine, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chunying Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nano Safety, National Centre for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- GBA Research Innovation Institute for Nanotechnology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yang Li
- Laboratory of Immunology and Nanomedicine, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
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Bonanomi M, Salmistraro N, Porro D, Pinsino A, Colangelo AM, Gaglio D. Polystyrene micro and nano-particles induce metabolic rewiring in normal human colon cells: A risk factor for human health. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 303:134947. [PMID: 35580641 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Polystyrene is a thermoplastic polymer widely used in commercial products. Like all plastics, polystyrene can be degraded into microplastic and nanoplastic particles and ingested via food chain contamination. Although the ecological impact due to plastic contamination is well known, there are no studies indicating a carcinogenic potential of polystyrene microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs). Here, we evaluated the effects of the MPs and NPs on normal human intestinal CCD-18Co cells. Our results show that internalization of NPs and MPs induces metabolic changes under both acute and chronic exposure by inducing oxidative stress, increasing glycolysis via lactate to sustain energy metabolism and glutamine metabolism to sustain anabolic processes. We also show that this decoupling of nutrients mirrors the effect of the potent carcinogenic agent azoxymethane and HCT15 colon cancer cells, carrying out the typical strategy of cancer cells to optimize nutrients utilization and allowing metabolic adaptation to environmental stress conditions. Taken together our data provide new evidence that chronic NPs and MPs exposure could act as cancer risk factor for human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcella Bonanomi
- ISBE. IT/ Centre of Systems Biology, Piazza Della Scienza 4, 20126, Milan, Italy; Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza Della Scienza 2, 20126, Milan, Italy
| | - Noemi Salmistraro
- ISBE. IT/ Centre of Systems Biology, Piazza Della Scienza 4, 20126, Milan, Italy; Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology (IBFM), National Research Council (CNR), Segrate, MI, Italy
| | - Danilo Porro
- ISBE. IT/ Centre of Systems Biology, Piazza Della Scienza 4, 20126, Milan, Italy; Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology (IBFM), National Research Council (CNR), Segrate, MI, Italy
| | - Annalisa Pinsino
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT), National Research Council (CNR), Palermo, PA, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Colangelo
- ISBE. IT/ Centre of Systems Biology, Piazza Della Scienza 4, 20126, Milan, Italy; Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza Della Scienza 2, 20126, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniela Gaglio
- ISBE. IT/ Centre of Systems Biology, Piazza Della Scienza 4, 20126, Milan, Italy; Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology (IBFM), National Research Council (CNR), Segrate, MI, Italy.
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48
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Griffiths G, Gruenberg J, Marsh M, Wohlmann J, Jones AT, Parton RG. Nanoparticle entry into cells; the cell biology weak link. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 188:114403. [PMID: 35777667 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NP) are attractive options for the therapeutic delivery of active pharmaceutical drugs, proteins and nucleic acids into cells, tissues and organs. Research into the development and application of NP most often starts with a diverse group of scientists, including chemists, bioengineers and material and pharmaceutical scientists, who design, fabricate and characterize NP in vitro (Stage 1). The next step (Stage 2) generally investigates cell toxicity as well as the processes by which NP bind, are internalized and deliver their cargo to appropriate model tissue culture cells. Subsequently, in Stage 3, selected NP are tested in animal systems, mostly mouse. Whereas the chemistry-based development and analysis in Stage 1 is increasingly sophisticated, the investigations in Stage 2 are not what could be regarded as 'state-of-the-art' for the cell biology field and the quality of research into NP interactions with cells is often sub-standard. In this review we describe our current understanding of the mechanisms by which particles gain entry into mammalian cells via endocytosis. We summarize the most important areas for concern, highlight some of the most common mis-conceptions, and identify areas where NP scientists could engage with trained cell biologists. Our survey of the different mechanisms of uptake into cells makes us suspect that claims for roles for caveolae, as well as macropinocytosis, in NP uptake into cells have been exaggerated, whereas phagocytosis has been under-appreciated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gareth Griffiths
- Department Biosciences, University of Oslo, Blindernveien 31, PO Box 1041, 0316 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Jean Gruenberg
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Geneva, 30 quai E. Ansermet, 1211-Geneva-4, Switzerland
| | - Mark Marsh
- Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Jens Wohlmann
- Department Biosciences, University of Oslo, Blindernveien 31, PO Box 1041, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Arwyn T Jones
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, Redwood Building, Cardiff, Wales CF103NB, UK
| | - Robert G Parton
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience and Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, The University of Queensland, Qld 4072, Australia
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Liu YY, Sun ZX, Liu J, Zhang Q, Liu Y, Cao A, Sun YP, Wang H. On the Cellular Uptake and Exocytosis of Carbon Dots─Significant Cell Type Dependence and Effects of Cell Division. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2022; 5:4378-4389. [PMID: 36044400 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.2c00542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the cellular uptake and exocytosis processes of nanoparticles (NPs) is essential for developing the nanomedicines and assessing the health risk of nanomaterials. Considerable efforts have been made to reveal how physicochemical properties of NPs influence these processes. However, little attention has been paid to how cell type impacts these processes, especially exocytosis. Herein, the uptake and exocytosis of the carbon dots (CDs) obtained from the carbonization of citric acid with polyethylenimine (PEI) oligomers (CDs-PEI) in five human cell lines (HeLa, A549, BEAS-2B, A431, and MDA-MB-468) are analyzed to understand how cell type influences the fate of CDs in cells. The cell division is taken into account by the correction of cell number for accurate quantification of the uptake and exocytosis of CDs-PEI. The results indicate that the cell type significantly affects the cellular uptake, trafficking, and exocytosis of CDs-PEI. Among the cell types investigated, MDA-MB-468 cells have the greatest capacity for both uptake and exocytosis, and HeLa cells have the least capacity. The kinetics of the exocytosis largely follows a single exponential decay function, with the remaining CDs-PEI in cells reaching plateaus within 24 h. The kinetic parameters are cell-dependent but insensitive to the initial intracellular CDs-PEI content. Generally, the Golgi apparatus pathways are more important in exocytosis than the lysosomal pathway, and the locations of CDs-PEI in the beginning of exocytosis are not correlated with their exocytosis pathways. The findings on the cell type-dependent cellular uptake and exocytosis reported here may be valuable to the future design of high-performance and safe CDs and related nanomaterials in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Yuan Liu
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Zao-Xia Sun
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Qiangqiang Zhang
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yuanfang Liu
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Aoneng Cao
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Ya-Ping Sun
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Haifang Wang
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
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Wu Q, Karthivashan G, Nakhaei-Nejad M, Anand BG, Giuliani F, Kar S. Native PLGA nanoparticles regulate APP metabolism and protect neurons against β-amyloid toxicity: Potential significance in Alzheimer's disease pathology. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 219:1180-1196. [PMID: 36030976 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.08.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Biodegradable poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)(PLGA) nanoparticles have been used extensively in delivering drugs to target tissues due to their excellent biocompatibility. Evidence suggests that PLGA-conjugated drugs/agents can attenuate pathology in cellular/animal models of Alzheimer's disease (AD), which is initiated by increased level/aggregation of amyloid β (Aβ) peptide generated from amyloid precursor protein (APP). The beneficial effects were attributed to conjugated-drugs rather than to PLGA nanoparticles. Interestingly, we recently reported that PLGA without any drug/agent (native PLGA) can suppress Aβ aggregation/toxicity. However, very little is known about the internalization, subcellular localization or effects of PLGA in neurons. In this study, using primary mouse cortical neurons, we first showed that native PLGA is internalized by an energy-mediated clathrin-dependent/-independent pathway and is localized in endosomal-lysosomal-autophagic vesicles. By attenuating internalization, PLGA can protect neurons against Aβ-mediated toxicity. Additionally, PLGA treatment altered expression profiles of certain AD-associated genes and decreased the levels of APP, its cleaved products α-/β-CTFs and Aβ peptides in mouse as well as iPSC-derived neurons from control and AD patients. Collectively, these results suggest that native PLGA not only protects neurons against Aβ-induced toxicity but also influences the expression of AD-related genes/proteins - highlighting PLGA's implication in normal and AD-related pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wu
- Departments of Medicine (Neurology), Centre for Prions and Protein Folding Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
| | - Govindarajan Karthivashan
- Departments of Medicine (Neurology), Centre for Prions and Protein Folding Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
| | - Maryam Nakhaei-Nejad
- Departments of Medicine (Neurology), Centre for Prions and Protein Folding Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
| | - Bibin G Anand
- Departments of Medicine (Neurology), Centre for Prions and Protein Folding Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
| | - Fabrizio Giuliani
- Departments of Medicine (Neurology), Centre for Prions and Protein Folding Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
| | - Satyabrata Kar
- Departments of Medicine (Neurology), Centre for Prions and Protein Folding Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
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