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Salman DM, Mohammad TAM. siRNA-based therapy for gastric adenocarcinoma: what's next step? Pathol Res Pract 2024; 258:155328. [PMID: 38744002 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Gastric cancer continues to have a high death rate despite advancements in their diagnosis and treatment. Novel treatment techniques are thus desperately needed. This is where double-stranded RNA molecules known as small interfering RNA (siRNA), which may selectively target the mRNA of disease-causing genes, may find use in medicine. For siRNAs to function properly in the human body, they must be shielded from deterioration. Furthermore, in order to maintain organ function, they must only target the tumor and spare normal tissue. siRNAs have been designed using clever delivery mechanisms including polymers and lipids to achieve these objectives. Although siRNA protection is not hard to acquire, it is still challenging to target cancer cells with them. Here, we first discuss the basic characteristics of gastric cancer before describing the properties of siRNA and typical delivery methods created specifically for gastric tumors. Lastly, we provide a succinct overview of research using siRNAs to treat gastric tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dyar Mudhafar Salman
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq; Faculty of Pharmacy, Tishk International University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Talar Ahmad Merza Mohammad
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq; Pharmacy department, School of Medicine, University of Kurdistan Hewlêr (UKH), Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
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Hashemi M, Aparviz R, Beickzade M, Paskeh MDA, Kheirabad SK, Koohpar ZK, Moravej A, Dehghani H, Saebfar H, Zandieh MA, Salimimoghadam S, Rashidi M, Taheriazam A, Entezari M, Samarghandian S. Advances in RNAi therapies for gastric cancer: Targeting drug resistance and nanoscale delivery. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 169:115927. [PMID: 38006616 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer poses a significant health challenge, and exploring innovative therapeutic strategies is imperative. RNA interference (RNAi) has employed as an important therapeutic strategy for diseases by selectively targeting key pathways involved in diseases pathogenesis. Small interfering RNA (siRNA), a potent RNAi tool, possesses the capability to silence genes and downregulate their expression. This review provides a comprehensive examination of the potential applications of small interfering RNA (siRNA) and short hairpin RNA (shRNA), supplemented by an in-depth analysis of nanoscale delivery systems, in the context of gastric cancer treatment. The potential of siRNA to markedly diminish the proliferation and invasion of gastric cancer cells through the modulation of critical molecular pathways, including PI3K, Akt, and EMT, is highlighted. Besides, siRNA demonstrates its efficacy in inducing chemosensitivity in gastric tumor cells, thus impeding tumor progression. However, the translational potential of unmodified siRNA faces challenges, particularly in vivo and during clinical trials. To address this, we underscore the pivotal role of nanostructures in facilitating the delivery of siRNA to gastric cancer cells, effectively suppressing their progression and enhancing gene silencing efficiency. These siRNA-loaded nanoparticles exhibit robust internalization into gastric cancer cells, showcasing their potential to significantly reduce tumor progression. The translation of these findings into clinical trials holds promise for advancing the treatment of gastric cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Hashemi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rezvaneh Aparviz
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marzie Beickzade
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahshid Deldar Abad Paskeh
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Simin Khorsand Kheirabad
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zeinab Khazaei Koohpar
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tonekabon Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon, Iran
| | - Amir Moravej
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Dehghani
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Saebfar
- European University Association, League of European Research Universities, University of Milan, Italy
| | - Mohammad Arad Zandieh
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of Epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shokooh Salimimoghadam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohsen Rashidi
- Department Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran; The Health of Plant and Livestock Products Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
| | - Afshin Taheriazam
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Maliheh Entezari
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Saeed Samarghandian
- Healthy Ageing Research Centre, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran.
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Urwanisch L, Unger MS, Sieberer H, Dang HH, Neuper T, Regl C, Vetter J, Schaller S, Winkler SM, Kerschbamer E, Weichenberger CX, Krenn PW, Luciano M, Pleyer L, Greil R, Huber CG, Aberger F, Horejs-Hoeck J. The Class IIA Histone Deacetylase (HDAC) Inhibitor TMP269 Downregulates Ribosomal Proteins and Has Anti-Proliferative and Pro-Apoptotic Effects on AML Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15041039. [PMID: 36831382 PMCID: PMC9953883 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15041039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a hematopoietic malignancy characterized by altered myeloid progenitor cell proliferation and differentiation. As in many other cancers, epigenetic transcriptional repressors such as histone deacetylases (HDACs) are dysregulated in AML. Here, we investigated (1) HDAC gene expression in AML patients and in different AML cell lines and (2) the effect of treating AML cells with the specific class IIA HDAC inhibitor TMP269, by applying proteomic and comparative bioinformatic analyses. We also analyzed cell proliferation, apoptosis, and the cell-killing capacities of TMP269 in combination with venetoclax compared to azacitidine plus venetoclax, by flow cytometry. Our results demonstrate significantly overexpressed class I and class II HDAC genes in AML patients, a phenotype which is conserved in AML cell lines. In AML MOLM-13 cells, TMP269 treatment downregulated a set of ribosomal proteins which are overexpressed in AML patients at the transcriptional level. TMP269 showed anti-proliferative effects and induced additive apoptotic effects in combination with venetoclax. We conclude that TMP269 exerts anti-leukemic activity when combined with venetoclax and has potential as a therapeutic drug in AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Urwanisch
- Department of Biosciences and Medical Biology, University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
- Cancer Cluster Salzburg (CCS), 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Michael Stefan Unger
- Department of Biosciences and Medical Biology, University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
- Cancer Cluster Salzburg (CCS), 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Helene Sieberer
- Department of Biosciences and Medical Biology, University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
- Cancer Cluster Salzburg (CCS), 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Hieu-Hoa Dang
- Department of Biosciences and Medical Biology, University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
- Cancer Cluster Salzburg (CCS), 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Theresa Neuper
- Department of Biosciences and Medical Biology, University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
- Cancer Cluster Salzburg (CCS), 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Christof Regl
- Department of Biosciences and Medical Biology, University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
- Cancer Cluster Salzburg (CCS), 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Julia Vetter
- Bioinformatics Research Group, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Softwarepark 11, 4232 Hagenberg im Muehlkreis, Austria
| | - Susanne Schaller
- Bioinformatics Research Group, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Softwarepark 11, 4232 Hagenberg im Muehlkreis, Austria
| | - Stephan M. Winkler
- Bioinformatics Research Group, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Softwarepark 11, 4232 Hagenberg im Muehlkreis, Austria
| | - Emanuela Kerschbamer
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Via A. Volta 21, 39100 Bolzano, Italy
| | - Christian X. Weichenberger
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Via A. Volta 21, 39100 Bolzano, Italy
| | - Peter W. Krenn
- Department of Biosciences and Medical Biology, University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
- Cancer Cluster Salzburg (CCS), 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Michela Luciano
- Department of Biosciences and Medical Biology, University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
- Cancer Cluster Salzburg (CCS), 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Lisa Pleyer
- Cancer Cluster Salzburg (CCS), 5020 Salzburg, Austria
- IIIrd Medical Department with Hematology and Medical Oncology, Hemostaseology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Oncologic Center, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
- Salzburg Cancer Research Institute with Laboratory of Immunological and Molecular Cancer Research and Center for Clinical Cancer and Immunology Trials, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Richard Greil
- Cancer Cluster Salzburg (CCS), 5020 Salzburg, Austria
- IIIrd Medical Department with Hematology and Medical Oncology, Hemostaseology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Oncologic Center, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
- Salzburg Cancer Research Institute with Laboratory of Immunological and Molecular Cancer Research and Center for Clinical Cancer and Immunology Trials, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Christian G. Huber
- Department of Biosciences and Medical Biology, University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
- Cancer Cluster Salzburg (CCS), 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Fritz Aberger
- Department of Biosciences and Medical Biology, University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
- Cancer Cluster Salzburg (CCS), 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Jutta Horejs-Hoeck
- Department of Biosciences and Medical Biology, University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
- Cancer Cluster Salzburg (CCS), 5020 Salzburg, Austria
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +43-(0)662-8044-5709
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Nakamura S, Tanimoto K, Bhawal UK. Ribosomal Stress Couples with the Hypoxia Response in Dec1-Dependent Orthodontic Tooth Movement. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010618. [PMID: 36614058 PMCID: PMC9820322 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This study characterized the effects of a deficiency of the hypoxia-responsive gene, differentiated embryonic chondrocyte gene 1 (Dec1), in attenuating the biological function of orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) and examined the roles of ribosomal proteins in the hypoxic environment during OTM. HIF-1α transgenic mice and control mice were used for hypoxic regulation of periodontal ligament (PDL) fibroblasts. Dec1 knockout (Dec1KO) and wild-type (WT) littermate C57BL/6 mice were used as in vivo models of OTM. The unstimulated contralateral side served as a control. In vitro, human PDL fibroblasts were exposed to compression forces for 2, 4, 6, 24, and 48 h. HIF-1α transgenic mice had high expression levels of Dec1, HSP105, and ribosomal proteins compared to control mice. The WT OTM mice displayed increased Dec1 expression in the PDL fibroblasts. Micro-CT analysis showed slower OTM in Dec1KO mice compared to WT mice. Increased immunostaining of ribosomal proteins was observed in WT OTM mice compared to Dec1KO OTM mice. Under hypoxia, Dec1 knockdown caused a significant suppression of ribosomal protein expression in PDL fibroblasts. These results reveal that the hypoxic environment in OTM could have implications for the functions of Dec1 and ribosomal proteins to rejuvenate periodontal tissue homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeru Nakamura
- Department of Public and Preventive Dentistry, Nihon University Graduate School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Chiba 271-8587, Japan
| | - Keiji Tanimoto
- Department of Translational Cancer Research, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Ujjal K. Bhawal
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha Dental College, Chennai 600077, India
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Chiba 271-8587, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-47-360-9328
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Investigating the Function of Human Jumping Translocation Breakpoint Protein (hJTB) and Its Interacting Partners through In-Solution Proteomics of MCF7 Cells. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27238301. [PMID: 36500393 PMCID: PMC9740069 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Human jumping translocation breakpoint (hJTB) gene is located on chromosome 1q21 and is involved in unbalanced translocation in many types of cancer. JTB protein is ubiquitously present in normal cells but it is found to be overexpressed or downregulated in various types of cancer cells, where this protein and its isoforms promote mitochondrial dysfunction, resistance to apoptosis, genomic instability, proliferation, invasion and metastasis. Hence, JTB could be a tumor biomarker for different types of cancer, such as breast cancer (BC), and could be used as a drug target for therapy. However, the functions of the protein or the pathways through which it increases cell proliferation and invasiveness of cancer cells are not well-known. Therefore, we aim to investigate the functions of JTB by using in-solution digestion-based cellular proteomics of control and upregulated and downregulated JTB protein in MCF7 breast cancer cell line, taking account that in-solution digestion-based proteomics experiments are complementary to the initial in-gel based ones. Proteomics analysis allows investigation of protein dysregulation patterns that indicate the function of the protein and its interacting partners, as well as the pathways and biological processes through which it functions. We concluded that JTB dysregulation increases the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) potential and cell proliferation, harnessing cytoskeleton organization, apical junctional complex, metabolic reprogramming, and cellular proteostasis. Deregulated JTB expression was found to be associated with several proteins involved in mitochondrial organization and function, oxidative stress (OS), apoptosis, and interferon alpha and gamma signaling. Consistent and complementary to our previous results emerged by using in-gel based proteomics of transfected MCF7 cells, JTB-related proteins that are overexpressed in this experiment suggest the development of a more aggressive phenotype and behavior for this luminal type A non-invasive/poor-invasive human BC cell line that does not usually migrate or invade compared with the highly metastatic MDA-MB-231 cells. This more aggressive phenotype of MCF7 cells related to JTB dysregulation and detected by both in-gel and in-solution proteomics could be promoted by synergistic upregulation of EMT, Mitotic spindle and Fatty acid metabolism pathways. However, in both JTB dysregulated conditions, several downregulated JTB-interacting proteins predominantly sustain antitumor activities, attenuating some of the aggressive phenotypical and behavioral traits promoted by the overexpressed JTB-related partners.
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Tao X, Wu X, Zhou P, Yu X, Zhao C, Peng X, Zhang K, Shen L, Peng J, Yang L. UBE2T promotes glioblastoma malignancy through ubiquitination-mediated degradation of RPL6. Cancer Sci 2022; 114:521-532. [PMID: 36156329 PMCID: PMC9899609 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most frequent and aggressive malignant glioma. Due to patients' poor prognosis, it is of great clinical significance to determine new targets that may improve GBM treatment. In the present study, we showed that ubiquitin (Ub)-conjugating enzyme E2T (UBE2T) was significantly overexpressed in GBM and could promote proliferation, invasion, and inhibit apoptosis of GBM cells. Mechanistically, UBE2T functioned as the Ub enzyme of ribosomal protein L6 (RPL6) and induced the ubiquitination and degradation of RPL6 in an E3 ligase-independent manner through direct modification by K48-linked polyubiquitination, thus contributing to the malignant progression of GBM cells. Furthermore, inhibiting the expression of RPL6 by UBE2T could not only reduce the expression of wild-type p53, but also enhance the gain-of-function of mutant p53. Moreover, knockdown of UBE2T in LN229 cells obviously suppressed tumor growth in LN229 xenograft mouse models. Collectively, our study demonstrated that UBE2T promotes GBM malignancy through ubiquitination-mediated degradation of RPL6 regardless of the p53 mutation status. It will provide new candidates for molecular biomarkers and therapeutic targets for clinical application in GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuxiu Tao
- Department of OncologyKey Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangshaChina,Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Xia Wu
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South UniversityChangshaChina,Department of PathologyThe Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Peijun Zhou
- Department of OncologyKey Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangshaChina,Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Xuehui Yu
- Department of OncologyKey Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangshaChina,Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Chen Zhao
- Department of OncologyKey Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangshaChina,Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Xingzhi Peng
- Department of OncologyKey Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangshaChina,Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Kun Zhang
- Department of OncologyKey Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Liangfang Shen
- Department of OncologyKey Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Jinwu Peng
- Department of PathologyXiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangshaChina,Department of PathologyXiangya Changde HospitalChangdeChina
| | - Lifang Yang
- Department of OncologyKey Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangshaChina,Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South UniversityChangshaChina
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Temaj G, Saha S, Dragusha S, Ejupi V, Buttari B, Profumo E, Beqa L, Saso L. Ribosomopathies and cancer: pharmacological implications. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2022; 15:729-746. [PMID: 35787725 DOI: 10.1080/17512433.2022.2098110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The ribosome is a ribonucleoprotein organelle responsible for protein synthesis, and its biogenesis is a highly coordinated process that involves many macromolecular components. Any acquired or inherited impairment in ribosome biogenesis or ribosomopathies is associated with the development of different cancers and rare genetic diseases. Interference with multiple steps of protein synthesis has been shown to promote tumor cell death. AREAS COVERED We discuss the current insights about impaired ribosome biogenesis and their secondary consequences on protein synthesis, transcriptional and translational responses, proteotoxic stress, and other metabolic pathways associated with cancer and rare diseases. Studies investigating the modulation of different therapeutic chemical entities targeting cancer in in vitro and in vivo models have also been detailed. EXPERT OPINION Despite the association between inherited mutations affecting ribosome biogenesis and cancer biology, the development of therapeutics targeting the essential cellular machinery has only started to emerge. New chemical entities should be designed to modulate different checkpoints (translating oncoproteins, dysregulation of specific ribosome-assembly machinery, ribosomal stress, and rewiring ribosomal functions). Although safe and effective therapies are lacking, consideration should also be given to using existing drugs alone or in combination for long-term safety, with known risks for feasibility in clinical trials and synergistic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sarmistha Saha
- Department of Cardiovascular, Endocrine-metabolic Diseases, and Aging, Italian National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Valon Ejupi
- College UBT, Faculty of Pharmacy, Prishtina, Kosovo
| | - Brigitta Buttari
- Department of Cardiovascular, Endocrine-metabolic Diseases, and Aging, Italian National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Profumo
- Department of Cardiovascular, Endocrine-metabolic Diseases, and Aging, Italian National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Lule Beqa
- College UBT, Faculty of Pharmacy, Prishtina, Kosovo
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Vittorio Erspamer", Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
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Elhamamsy AR, Metge BJ, Alsheikh HA, Shevde LA, Samant RS. Ribosome Biogenesis: A Central Player in Cancer Metastasis and Therapeutic Resistance. Cancer Res 2022; 82:2344-2353. [PMID: 35303060 PMCID: PMC9256764 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-21-4087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Ribosomes are a complex ensemble of rRNA and ribosomal proteins that function as mRNA translation machines. Ribosome biogenesis is a multistep process that begins in the nucleolus and concludes in the cytoplasm. The process is tightly controlled by multiple checkpoint and surveillance pathways. Perturbations in these checkpoints and pathways can lead to hyperactivation of ribosome biogenesis. Emerging evidence suggests that cancer cells harbor a specialized class of ribosomes (onco-ribosomes) that facilitates the oncogenic translation program, modulates cellular functions, and promotes metabolic rewiring. Mutations in ribosomal proteins, rRNA processing, and ribosome assembly factors result in ribosomopathies that are associated with an increased risk of developing malignancies. Recent studies have linked mutations in ribosomal proteins and aberrant ribosomes with poor prognosis, highlighting ribosome-targeted therapy as a promising approach for treating patients with cancer. Here, we summarize various aspects of dysregulation of ribosome biogenesis and the impact of resultant onco-ribosomes on malignant tumor behavior, therapeutic resistance, and clinical outcome. Ribosome biogenesis is a promising therapeutic target, and understanding the important determinants of this process will allow for improved and perhaps selective therapeutic strategies to target ribosome biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr R. Elhamamsy
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Brandon J. Metge
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Heba A. Alsheikh
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Lalita A. Shevde
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama.,O’Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Rajeev S. Samant
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama.,O’Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama.,Birmingham VA Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama.,Corresponding Author: Rajeev S. Samant, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, WTI 320E, 1824 6th Avenue South, Birmingham, AL 35233. Phone: 205-975-6262; E-mail:
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9
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Rui X, Huang Z, Chen R, Chen Y, Wang Y, Huang Z. RPS3 Promotes the Metastasis and Cisplatin Resistance of Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:804439. [PMID: 35847905 PMCID: PMC9280127 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.804439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is a malignant tumor in salivary gland tissue, that is characterized by strong invasiveness and lung metastasis, leading to poor survival rates. RPS3 is been reported to be associated with the biological functions of tumor cells. This study explored the regulatory effect of RPS3 in ACC to provide new therapeutic targets for ACC therapy. Methods We reviewed the clinical and pathologic data of 73 ACC patients. The expression of RPS3 was examined in ACC by immunohistochemistry. Transwell, wound healing, half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) and other experiments were used to determine the regulatory effect of RPS3 on ACC functions. Coimmunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry analysis were used to detect the binding proteins of RPS3, mechanisms by which RPS3/STAT1/NF-kB signaling regulates ACC behavior were assessed using western blotting (WB), qPCR, etc. To explore the regulatory effect of RPS3 on ACC in vivo, we constructed nude mouse sciatic nerve infiltration model and a lung metastasis model for studies. Results High RPS3 expression was associated with metastasis and a poor prognosis in ACC patients. Inhibition of RPS3 expression reduced ACC migration, invasion and cisplatin resistance, and overexpression of RPS3 promoted ACC migration, invasion and cisplatin resistance. Further experiments revealed that RPS3 can activate the STAT1/NF-kB signaling pathway and regulate ACC behavior through binding to STAT1. The incidence of sciatic nerve infiltration and lung metastasis in nude mice after RPS3 knockdown was lower than that of the control group in vivo. Conclusion RPS3 is highly expressed and associated with the prognosis and survival of ACC patients. The RPS3/STAT1/NF-kB pathway may play an important regulatory role in ACC migration, invasion and chemoresistance. As a new therapeutic target of ACC, its clinical application value is worthy of attention and further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Rui
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zixian Huang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rui Chen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongju Chen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Zhiquan Huang, ; ; Yan Wang,
| | - Zhiquan Huang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Zhiquan Huang, ; ; Yan Wang,
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10
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Tsoi H, You CP, Leung MH, Man EPS, Khoo US. Targeting Ribosome Biogenesis to Combat Tamoxifen Resistance in ER+ve Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14051251. [PMID: 35267559 PMCID: PMC8909264 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14051251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Resistance to tamoxifen treatment is an obstacle for ER+ve breast cancer therapy. The overexpression of c-MYC is a known driver of cancer progression and is associated with tamoxifen resistance. Through mediating the up-regulation of ribosome biogenesis and alteration of the transcriptome, c-MYC modulates the translation profile to facilitate the development of tamoxifen resistance. c-MYC is, however, undruggable. Thus, targeting downstream mechanisms mediated by c-MYC might be a more feasible approach. Studies have demonstrated that inhibition of ribosome biogenesis can achieve tumour suppression. Targeting ribosome biogenesis may thus be a feasible strategy to reverse tamoxifen resistance. This article reviews the current evidence to support the feasibility of suppressing ribosome biogenesis to reverse tamoxifen resistance in ER+ve breast cancer. Abstract Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease. Around 70% of breast cancers are estrogen receptor-positive (ER+ve), with tamoxifen being most commonly used as an adjuvant treatment to prevent recurrence and metastasis. However, half of the patients will eventually develop tamoxifen resistance. The overexpression of c-MYC can drive the development of ER+ve breast cancer and confer tamoxifen resistance through multiple pathways. One key mechanism is to enhance ribosome biogenesis, synthesising mature ribosomes. The over-production of ribosomes sustains the demand for proteins necessary to maintain a high cell proliferation rate and combat apoptosis induced by therapeutic agents. c-MYC overexpression can induce the expression of eIF4E that favours the translation of structured mRNA to produce oncogenic factors that promote cell proliferation and confer tamoxifen resistance. Either non-phosphorylated or phosphorylated eIF4E can mediate such an effect. Since ribosomes play an essential role in c-MYC-mediated cancer development, suppressing ribosome biogenesis may help reduce aggressiveness and reverse tamoxifen resistance in breast cancer. CX-5461, CX-3543 and haemanthamine have been shown to repress ribosome biogenesis. Using these chemicals might help reverse tamoxifen resistance in ER+ve breast cancer, provided that c-MYC-mediated ribosome biogenesis is the crucial factor for tamoxifen resistance. To employ these ribosome biogenesis inhibitors to combat tamoxifen resistance in the future, identification of predictive markers will be necessary.
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11
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Deregulation of ribosomal proteins in human cancers. Biosci Rep 2021; 41:230380. [PMID: 34873618 PMCID: PMC8685657 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20211577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The ribosome, the site for protein synthesis, is composed of ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs) and ribosomal proteins (RPs). The latter have been shown to have many ribosomal and extraribosomal functions. RPs are implicated in a variety of pathological processes, especially tumorigenesis and cell transformation. In this review, we will focus on the recent advances that shed light on the effects of RPs deregulation in different types of cancer and their roles in regulating the tumor cell fate.
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12
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Ding L, Zhang Z, Zhao C, Chen L, Chen Z, Zhang J, Liu Y, Nie Y, He Y, Liao K, Zhang X. Ribosomal L1 domain-containing protein 1 coordinates with HDM2 to negatively regulate p53 in human colorectal Cancer cells. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2021; 40:245. [PMID: 34362424 PMCID: PMC8344204 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-02057-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ribosomal L1 domain-containing protein 1 (RSL1D1) is a nucleolar protein that is essential in cell proliferation. In the current opinion, RSL1D1 translocates to the nucleoplasm under nucleolar stress and inhibits the E3 ligase activity of HDM2 via direct interaction, thereby leading to stabilization of p53. METHODS Gene knockdown was achieved in HCT116p53+/+, HCT116p53-/-, and HCT-8 human colorectal cancer (CRC) cells by siRNA transfection. A lentiviral expression system was used to establish cell strains overexpressing genes of interest. The mRNA and protein levels in cells were evaluated by qRT-PCR and western blot analyses. Cell proliferation, cell cycle, and cell apoptosis were determined by MTT, PI staining, and Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining assays, respectively. The level of ubiquitinated p53 protein was assessed by IP. The protein-RNA interaction was investigated by RIP. The subcellular localization of proteins of interest was determined by IFA. Protein-protein interaction was investigated by GST-pulldown, BiFC, and co-IP assays. The therapeutic efficacy of RSL1D1 silencing on tumor growth was evaluated in HCT116 tumor-bearing nude mice. RESULTS RSL1D1 distributed throughout the nucleus in human CRC cells. Silencing of RSL1D1 gene induced cell cycle arrest at G1/S and cell apoptosis in a p53-dependent manner. RSL1D1 directly interacted with and recruited p53 to HDM2 to form a ternary RSL1D1/HDM2/p53 protein complex and thereby enhanced p53 ubiquitination and degradation, leading to a decrease in the protein level of p53. Destruction of the ternary complex increased the level of p53 protein. RSL1D1 also indirectly decreased the protein level of p53 by stabilizing HDM2 mRNA. Consequently, the negative regulation of p53 by RSL1D1 facilitated cell proliferation and survival and downregulation of RSL1D1 remarkably inhibited the growth of HCT116p53+/+ tumors in a nude mouse model. CONCLUSION We report, for the first time, that RSL1D1 is a novel negative regulator of p53 in human CRC cells and more importantly, a potential molecular target for anticancer drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ding
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhiping Zhang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chenhong Zhao
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lei Chen
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhiqiang Chen
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yaxian Liu
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yesen Nie
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yanzhi He
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kai Liao
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China. .,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China. .,Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, The Ministry of Agriculture of China, Yangzhou University (26116120), Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China. .,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China.
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13
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Chen L, Li Z, Zeng T, Zhang YH, Feng K, Huang T, Cai YD. Identifying COVID-19-Specific Transcriptomic Biomarkers with Machine Learning Methods. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:9939134. [PMID: 34307679 PMCID: PMC8272456 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9939134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
COVID-19, a severe respiratory disease caused by a new type of coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, has been spreading all over the world. Patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 may have no pathogenic symptoms, i.e., presymptomatic patients and asymptomatic patients. Both patients could further spread the virus to other susceptible people, thereby making the control of COVID-19 difficult. The two major challenges for COVID-19 diagnosis at present are as follows: (1) patients could share similar symptoms with other respiratory infections, and (2) patients may not have any symptoms but could still spread the virus. Therefore, new biomarkers at different omics levels are required for the large-scale screening and diagnosis of COVID-19. Although some initial analyses could identify a group of candidate gene biomarkers for COVID-19, the previous work still could not identify biomarkers capable for clinical use in COVID-19, which requires disease-specific diagnosis compared with other multiple infectious diseases. As an extension of the previous study, optimized machine learning models were applied in the present study to identify some specific qualitative host biomarkers associated with COVID-19 infection on the basis of a publicly released transcriptomic dataset, which included healthy controls and patients with bacterial infection, influenza, COVID-19, and other kinds of coronavirus. This dataset was first analysed by Boruta, Max-Relevance and Min-Redundancy feature selection methods one by one, resulting in a feature list. This list was fed into the incremental feature selection method, incorporating one of the classification algorithms to extract essential biomarkers and build efficient classifiers and classification rules. The capacity of these findings to distinguish COVID-19 with other similar respiratory infectious diseases at the transcriptomic level was also validated, which may improve the efficacy and accuracy of COVID-19 diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, shanghai 200444, China
- College of Information Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, shanghai 201306, China
| | - Zhandong Li
- College of Food Engineering, Jilin Engineering Normal University, Changchun 130052, China
| | - Tao Zeng
- Bio-Med Big Data Center, CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yu-Hang Zhang
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - KaiYan Feng
- Department of Computer Science, Guangdong AIB Polytechnic College, Guangzhou 510507, China
| | - Tao Huang
- Bio-Med Big Data Center, CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, shanghai 200031, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yu-Dong Cai
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, shanghai 200444, China
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14
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Sun MY, Xu B, Wu QX, Chen WL, Cai S, Zhang H, Tang QF. Cisplatin-Resistant Gastric Cancer Cells Promote the Chemoresistance of Cisplatin-Sensitive Cells via the Exosomal RPS3-Mediated PI3K-Akt-Cofilin-1 Signaling Axis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:618899. [PMID: 33644057 PMCID: PMC7905060 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.618899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin is an important agent in first-line chemotherapy against gastric cancer (GC). However, consequential drug resistance limits its effectiveness for the treatment of GC. In this study, a cisplatin resistant gastric cancer cell line SGC7901R was determined by LC-MS/MS with increased exosomal levels of RPS3 protein. SGC7901R cell-derived exosomes were readily taken up by cisplatin-sensitive SGC7901S cells, thus triggering off a phenotype of chemoresistance in the receptor cells. Subsequently, it was demonstrated that exosomal RPS3 was essential for inducing chemoresistance of receptor cells as shown by the acquisition of this phenotype in SGC7901S cells with enforced expression of RPS3. Further mechanism study demonstrated that cisplatin-resistant gastric cancer cell-derived exosomal RPS3 enhanced the chemoresistance of cisplatin-sensitive gastric cancer cells through the PI3K-Akt-cofilin-1 signaling pathway. All these findings demonstrated that cisplatin-resistant gastric cancer cells communicate with sensitive cells through the intercellular delivery of exosomal RPS3 and activation of the PI3K-Akt-cofilin-1 signaling pathway. Targeting exosomal RPS3 protein in cisplatin-resistant gastric cancer cells may thus be a promising strategy to overcome cisplatin resistance in gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Yao Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory and Central Laboratory, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory and Central Laboratory, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiu-Xue Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory and Central Laboratory, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-Lian Chen
- Cancer Institute, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Si Cai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory and Central Laboratory, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Complexity System, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing-Feng Tang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory and Central Laboratory, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jiading Branch of Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai, China
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15
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Aurora kinase B inhibitor barasertib (AZD1152) inhibits glucose metabolism in gastric cancer cells. Anticancer Drugs 2020; 30:19-26. [PMID: 30540594 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000000684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Barasertib is a highly selective Aurora kinase B (AURKB) inhibitor and has been widely applied in a variety of cancer cells to investigate the regulatory function of AURKB. However, the effect of barasertib on glucose metabolism in gastric cancer (GC) remains illustrated. Here, barasertib was identified to effectively reduce glucose uptake and lactate production in GC cells in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner. The expression levels of GLUT1, LDHA and HK2 were decreased by barasertib treatment of GC cells. Furthermore, we found that barasertib induced the expression of ribosomal protein S7 (RPS7), as a tumor suppressor, to regulate glucose metabolism. Silencing of RPS7 rescued the effects of barasertib on glucose metabolism in GC cells. Overexpression of RPS7 suppressed the promoter activity of C-Myc, which has been identified as an important regulator of glucose metabolism in cancer cells. The clinical data showed that the expression level of AURKB in GC patients' sera and tissues were positively correlated with those of C-Myc, GLUT1 and LDHA, but negatively with that of RPS7. Therefore, these findings provide new evidence that barasertib regulates GC cell glucose metabolism by inducing the RPS7/C-Myc signal pathway, and have important implications for the development of therapeutic approaches using AURKB as a target protein to prevent tumor recurrence.
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16
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Gao Y, Wang Z, Zhu Y, Zhu Q, Yang Y, Jin Y, Zhang F, Jiang L, Ye Y, Li H, Zhang Y, Liang H, Xiang S, Miao H, Liu Y, Hao Y. NOP2/Sun RNA methyltransferase 2 promotes tumor progression via its interacting partner RPL6 in gallbladder carcinoma. Cancer Sci 2019; 110:3510-3519. [PMID: 31487418 PMCID: PMC6825013 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
NOP2/Sun domain family, member 2 (NSUN2) is a nuclear RNA methyl-transferase catalyzing 5-methylcytosine formation. Evidence shows that NSUN2 is correlated with cell unlimited proliferation. However, its functional role in gallbladder carcinoma (GBC), which is the most common biliary tract malignancy and has a poor prognosis, remains to be determined. Here we found that NSUN2 was highly expressed in GBC tissues as well as cell lines. NSUN2 silencing repressed GBC cell proliferation and tumorigenesis both in vitro and in vivo. Conversely, upregulation of NSUN2 enhanced GBC cell growth and colony formation. We further discovered that RPL6 was a closely interacting partner with NSUN2. Silencing RPL6 resulted in insufficient NSUN2 translational level and accumulative NSUN2 transcriptional level. Exogenous expression of NSUN2 partially rescued the effect of RPL6 in gallbladder cancer progression. Taken together, our data provided novel mechanic insights into the function of NSUN2 in GBC, thus pointing to NSUN2 as a potential and effective therapeutic approach to GBC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Gao
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Research Center of Biliary Tract Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Research Center of Biliary Tract Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Yidi Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Research Center of Biliary Tract Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Qin Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Research Center of Biliary Tract Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Research Center of Biliary Tract Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunpeng Jin
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Research Center of Biliary Tract Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Research Center of Biliary Tract Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Research Center of Biliary Tract Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanyuan Ye
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Research Center of Biliary Tract Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Huaifeng Li
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Research Center of Biliary Tract Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Yichi Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Research Center of Biliary Tract Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Haibin Liang
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Research Center of Biliary Tract Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Shanshan Xiang
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Research Center of Biliary Tract Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Huijie Miao
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Research Center of Biliary Tract Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingbin Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Research Center of Biliary Tract Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Yajuan Hao
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Research Center of Biliary Tract Disease, Shanghai, China
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17
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Li XM, Li ZY, Wang YD, Wang JQ, Yang PL. Quercetin Inhibits the Proliferation and Aflatoxins Biosynthesis of Aspergillus flavus. Toxins (Basel) 2019; 11:toxins11030154. [PMID: 30857280 PMCID: PMC6468572 DOI: 10.3390/toxins11030154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work of quercetin’s anti-proliferation action on A. flavus, we revealed that quercetin can effectively hamper the proliferation of A. flavus in dose-effect and time-effect relationships. We tested whether quercetin induced apoptosis in A. flavus via various detection methods, such as phosphatidylserine externalization and Hoechst 33342 staining. The results showed that quercetin had no effect on phosphatidylserine externalization and cell nucleus in A. flavus. Simultaneously, quercetin reduced the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). For a better understanding of the molecular mechanism of the A. flavus response to quercetin, the RNA-Seq was used to explore the transcriptomic profiles of A. flavus. According to transcriptome sequencing data, quercetin inhibits the proliferation and aflatoxin biosynthesis by regulating the expression of development-related genes and aflatoxin production-related genes. These results will provide some theoretical basis for quercetin as an anti-mildew agent resource.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Mei Li
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
- National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Zhong-Yuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of Ministry of Education & Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Ya-Dong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of Ministry of Education & Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Jin-Quan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Pei-Long Yang
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
- National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Beijing 100081, China.
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18
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Molavi G, Samadi N, Hosseingholi EZ. The roles of moonlight ribosomal proteins in the development of human cancers. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:8327-8341. [PMID: 30417503 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
"Moonlighting protein" is a term used to define a single protein with multiple functions and different activities that are not derived from gene fusions, multiple RNA splicing, or the proteolytic activity of promiscuous enzymes. Different proteinous constituents of ribosomes have been shown to have important moonlighting extra-ribosomal functions. In this review, we introduce the impact of key moonlight ribosomal proteins and dependent signal transduction in the initiation and progression of various cancers. As a future perspective, the potential role of these moonlight ribosomal proteins in the diagnosis, prognosis, and development of novel strategies to improve the efficacy of therapies for human cancers has been suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghader Molavi
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nasser Samadi
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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19
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Wei F, Ding L, Wei Z, Zhang Y, Li Y, Qinghua L, Ma Y, Guo L, Lv G, Liu Y. Ribosomal protein L34 promotes the proliferation, invasion and metastasis of pancreatic cancer cells. Oncotarget 2018; 7:85259-85272. [PMID: 27845896 PMCID: PMC5356734 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ribosomal proteins (RPs) are the main components of ribosomes and participate in the self-assembly of ribosomes and protein synthesis. Recent advance has shown that RPs play important roles in the tumorigenesis and drug resistance of various cancers. However, the expression status and function of RPL34 in pancreatic cancer (PC) remains unclear. In this study, we find that RPL34 is overexpressed in PC tissues and cell lines, which is correlated with decreased methylation of its promoter. Knockdown of RPL34 effectively suppresses the proliferation, colony formation, migration and drug-resistance of PC cells, which are accompanied by cell cycle arrest at the G2 phase and induction of apoptosis. In vivo assays demonstrate that RPL34 silencing inhibits PC tumor growth and metastasis. Moreover, gene expression profiling revealed that RPL34 silencing results in alteration of the MAPK and p53 signaling pathways. Clinically, our data indicate a positive association of RPL34 expression with tumor stage and metastasis in PCs. We revealed that RPL34 acts as a potential onco-protein in PC, and RPL34 may be a promising biomarker for prognosis prediction and a potential target for the treatment of PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Wei
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreas Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Lijuan Ding
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreas Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Zhentong Wei
- Oncologic Gynecology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Yandong Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreas Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreas Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Luo Qinghua
- Genetic Engineering Laboratory of PLA, The Eleventh Institute of Academy of Military Medical Sciences of PLA, Jilin 130122, P.R. China
| | - Yuteng Ma
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreas Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Liang Guo
- Pathology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Guoyue Lv
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreas Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Yan Liu
- Genetic Engineering Laboratory of PLA, The Eleventh Institute of Academy of Military Medical Sciences of PLA, Jilin 130122, P.R. China.,Department of Pathophysiology, Basic College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
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20
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Tian S, Wu J, Liu Y, Huang X, Li F, Wang Z, Sun MX. Ribosomal protein NtRPL17 interacts with kinesin-12 family protein NtKRP and functions in the regulation of embryo/seed size and radicle growth. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2017; 68:5553-5564. [PMID: 29045730 PMCID: PMC5853406 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erx361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
We previously reported that a novel motor protein belonging to the kinesin-12 family, NtKRP, displays critical roles in regulating embryo and seed size establishment. However, it remains unknown exactly how NtKRP contributes to this developmental process. Here, we report that a 60S ribosomal protein NtRPL17 directly interacts with NtKRP. The phenotypes of NtRPL17 RNAi lines show notable embryo and seed size reduction. Structural observations of the NtRPL17-silenced embryos/seeds reveal that the embryo size reduction is due to a decrease in cell number. In these embryos, cell division cycle progression is delayed at the G2/M transition. These phenotypes are similar to that in NtKRP-silenced embryos/seeds, indicating that NtKRP and NtRPL17 function as partners in the same regulatory pathway during seed development and specifically regulate cell cycle progression to control embryo/seed size. This work reveals that NtRPL17, as a widely distributed ribosomal protein, plays a critical role in seed development and provides a new clue in the regulation of seed size. Confirmation of the interaction between NtKRP and NtRPL17 and their co-function in the control of the cell cycle also suggests that the mechanism might be conserved in both plants and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujuan Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jingjing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaorong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Zhaodan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Meng-Xiang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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21
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Xie X, Guo P, Yu H, Wang Y, Chen G. Ribosomal proteins: insight into molecular roles and functions in hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncogene 2017; 37:277-285. [PMID: 28945227 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2017.343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Revised: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Ribosomes, which are important sites for the synthesis of proteins related to expression and transmission of genetic information in humans, have a complex structure and diverse functions. They consist of a variety of ribosomal proteins (RPs), ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs) and small nucleolar RNAs. Owing to the involvement of ribosomes in many important biological processes of cells, their major components, rRNAs and RPs, have an important role in human diseases, including the initiation and evolvement of malignancies. However, the main mechanisms underlying the involvement of ribosomes in cancer remain unclear. This review describes the crucial role of ribosomes in various common malignant tumors; in particular, it examines the effects of RPs, including S6, the receptor for activated C-kinase and RPS15A, on the development and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Xie
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - P Guo
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - H Yu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Y Wang
- Research Center of Evidence-Based Medicine and Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - G Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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22
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Al-Maleki AR, Loke MF, Lui SY, Ramli NSK, Khosravi Y, Ng CG, Venkatraman G, Goh KL, Ho B, Vadivelu J. Helicobacter pylori outer inflammatory protein A (OipA) suppresses apoptosis of AGS gastric cells in vitro. Cell Microbiol 2017; 19. [PMID: 28776327 DOI: 10.1111/cmi.12771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Revised: 07/02/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Outer inflammatory protein A (OipA) is an important virulence factor associated with gastric cancer and ulcer development; however, the results have not been well established and turned out to be controversial. This study aims to elucidate the role of OipA in Helicobacter pylori infection using clinical strains harbouring oipA "on" and "off" motifs. Proteomics analysis was performed on AGS cell pre-infection and postinfection with H. pylori oipA "on" and "off" strains, using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. AGS apoptosis and cell cycle assays were performed. Moreover, expression of vacuolating cytotoxin A (VacA) was screened using Western blotting. AGS proteins that have been suggested previously to play a role or associated with gastric disease were down-regulated postinfection with oipA "off" strains comparing to oipA "on" strains. Furthermore, oipA "off" and ΔoipA cause higher level of AGS cells apoptosis and G0/G1 cell-cycle arrest than oipA "on" strains. Interestingly, deletion of oipA increased bacterial VacA production. The capability of H. pylori to induce apoptosis and suppress expression of proteins having roles in human disease in the absence of oipA suggests that strains not expressing OipA may be less virulent or may even be protective against carcinogenesis compared those expressing OipA. This potentially explains the higher incidence of gastric cancer in East Asia where oipA "on" strains predominates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anis Rageh Al-Maleki
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mun Fai Loke
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sook Yin Lui
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Nur Siti Khadijah Ramli
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yalda Khosravi
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Chow Goon Ng
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Gopinath Venkatraman
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Khean-Lee Goh
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Bow Ho
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Singapore Precision Medicine Centre Pte Ltd, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jamuna Vadivelu
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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23
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Zhang W, Tong D, Liu F, Li D, Li J, Cheng X, Wang Z. RPS7 inhibits colorectal cancer growth via decreasing HIF-1α-mediated glycolysis. Oncotarget 2016; 7:5800-14. [PMID: 26735579 PMCID: PMC4868722 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Ribosomal protein S7 (RPS7) acts as a tumor suppressor in primary tumorigenesis but its role in cancer metabolism remains unclear. In this study, we demonstrate that RPS7 inhibits the colorectal cancer (CRC) cell glycolysis by suppressing the expression of hypoxia-inducible transcription factor-1α (HIF-1α) and the metabolic promoting proteins glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) and lactate dehydrogenase B (LDHB). Further study found that the enhanced expression of HIF-1α abrogates the overexpression effects of RPS7 on CRC. In vivo assays also demonstrate that RPS7 suppresses colorectal cancer tumorigenesis and glycolysis. Clinically, the tissue microarray (TMA) analysis discloses the negative regulatory association between RPS7 and HIF-1α in colorectal cancer. Meanwhile, overexpression of RPS7 in colorectal cancer tissues predicts good overall survival and progression-free survival, but high expression level of HIF-1α indicates poor overall survival and progression-free survival. Overall, we reveal that RPS7 inhibits colorectal cancer glycolysis through HIF-1α-associated signaling and may be a promising biomarker for prognosis prediction and a potential target for therapeutic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zhang
- Cancer Institute and Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Duo Tong
- Cancer Institute and Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Fei Liu
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Dawei Li
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jiajia Li
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xi Cheng
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ziliang Wang
- Cancer Institute and Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China.,Department of Gynecological Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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24
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Yan TT, Fu XL, Li J, Bian YN, Liu DJ, Hua R, Ren LL, Li CT, Sun YW, Chen HY, Fang JY, Hong J. Downregulation of RPL15 may predict poor survival and associate with tumor progression in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Oncotarget 2016; 6:37028-42. [PMID: 26498693 PMCID: PMC4741913 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Early diagnosis and treatment in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is still a challenge worldwide. The poor survival of PDAC patients mainly due to early metastasis when first diagnosed and lack of prognostic biomarker. Ribosomal protein L15 (RPL15), an RNA-binding protein, is a component of ribosomal 60S subunit. It was reported that RPL15 is dysregulated in various type of cancers. However, little is known about the role of RPL15 in PDAC carcinogenesis and progression. Herein, we clarified RPL15 expression status may serve as an independent prognostic biomarker in three independent PDAC patient cohorts. We found that RPL15 was dramatically decreased in PDAC tissues and cell lines. The high expression of RPL15 was inversely correlated with TNM stage, histological differentiation, T classification and vascular invasion. Low expression of RPL15 was significantly associated with poor overall survival of PDAC patients. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the reduction of RPL15 may promote invasion ability of pancreatic cell by inducing EMT process. In conclusion, decreased RPL15 expression is associated with invasiveness of PDAC cells, and RPL15 expression status may serve as a reliable prognostic biomarker in PDAC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Ting Yan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Institution of Digestive Disease, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, State Key Laboratory of Oncogene and Related Genes, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xue-Liang Fu
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiao Li
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying-Nan Bian
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Institute of Forensic Sciences, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai, China
| | - D Jun Liu
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Rong Hua
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin-Lin Ren
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Institution of Digestive Disease, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, State Key Laboratory of Oncogene and Related Genes, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng-Tao Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Institute of Forensic Sciences, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong-Wei Sun
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao-Yan Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Institution of Digestive Disease, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, State Key Laboratory of Oncogene and Related Genes, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing-Yuan Fang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Institution of Digestive Disease, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, State Key Laboratory of Oncogene and Related Genes, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Hong
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Institution of Digestive Disease, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, State Key Laboratory of Oncogene and Related Genes, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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25
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Cellular Stress and p53-Associated Apoptosis by Juniperus communis L. Berry Extract Treatment in the Human SH-SY5Y Neuroblastoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17071113. [PMID: 27420050 PMCID: PMC4964488 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17071113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Revised: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant phenolics have shown to activate apoptotic cell death in different tumourigenic cell lines. In this study, we evaluated the effects of juniper berry extract (Juniperus communis L.) on p53 protein, gene expression and DNA fragmentation in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. In addition, we analyzed the phenolic composition of the extract. We found that juniper berry extract activated cellular relocalization of p53 and DNA fragmentation-dependent cell death. Differentially expressed genes between treated and non-treated cells were evaluated with the cDNA-RDA (representational difference analysis) method at the early time point of apoptotic process when p53 started to be activated and no caspase activity was detected. Twenty one overexpressed genes related to cellular stress, protein synthesis, cell survival and death were detected. Interestingly, they included endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress inducer and sensor HSPA5 and other ER stress-related genes CALM2 and YKT6 indicating that ER stress response was involved in juniper berry extract mediated cell death. In composition analysis, we identified and quantified low concentrations of fifteen phenolic compounds. The main groups of them were flavones, flavonols, phenolic acids, flavanol and biflavonoid including glycosides of quercetin, apigenin, isoscutellarein and hypolaetin. It is suggested that juniper berry extract induced the p53-associated apoptosis through the potentiation and synergism by several phenolic compounds.
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26
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Xu X, Xiong X, Sun Y. The role of ribosomal proteins in the regulation of cell proliferation, tumorigenesis, and genomic integrity. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2016; 59:656-72. [DOI: 10.1007/s11427-016-0018-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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27
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Zhang H, Mo XB, Xu T, Lei SF, Zhang YH. Detecting novel genes for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in European population using bioinformatics analysis. Per Med 2016; 13:225-231. [PMID: 29767610 DOI: 10.2217/pme.16.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to identify related genes for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and evaluate the functional relevance to provide evidences for prioritizing these genes. MATERIALS & METHODS We performed a gene-based association study in about 188,578 individuals. Furthermore, we performed bioinformatics analyses to support the identified genes. RESULTS A total of 292 genes were found to be significant after Bonferroni correction (p < 2.3 × 10-6). Among these genes, 59 seemed to be associated with coronary artery disease (CAD). CONCLUSION The evidence obtained from the analyses of this study signified the importance of many genes, for example, LDLR, ABCG5, ABCG8, APOB, HNF1A, PTPN11, APOA5 and MCM6, which were also associated with CAD. The findings might provide more insights into the genetic basis of lipid metabolism and CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive & Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, PR China.,Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, Jiangsu 215123, PR China
| | - Xing-Bo Mo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive & Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, PR China.,Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, Jiangsu 215123, PR China.,Center for Genetic Epidemiology & Genomics, School of Public Health, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, Jiangsu 215123, PR China
| | - Tan Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive & Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, PR China.,Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, Jiangsu 215123, PR China
| | - Shu-Feng Lei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive & Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, PR China.,Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, Jiangsu 215123, PR China.,Center for Genetic Epidemiology & Genomics, School of Public Health, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, Jiangsu 215123, PR China
| | - Yong-Hong Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive & Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, PR China.,Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, Jiangsu 215123, PR China
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28
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Kardos GR, Robertson GP. Therapeutic interventions to disrupt the protein synthetic machinery in melanoma. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2015; 28:501-19. [PMID: 26139519 PMCID: PMC4716672 DOI: 10.1111/pcmr.12391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Accepted: 06/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Control of the protein synthetic machinery is deregulated in many cancers, including melanoma, to increase the protein production. Tumor suppressors and oncogenes play key roles in protein synthesis from the transcription of rRNA and ribosome biogenesis to mRNA translation initiation and protein synthesis. Major signaling pathways are altered in melanoma to modulate the protein synthetic machinery, thereby promoting tumor development. However, despite the importance of this process in melanoma development, involvement of the protein synthetic machinery in this cancer type is an underdeveloped area of study. Here, we review the coupling of melanoma development to deregulation of the protein synthetic machinery. We examine existing knowledge regarding RNA polymerase I inhibition and mRNA translation focusing on their inhibition for therapeutic applications in melanoma. Furthermore, the contribution of amino acid biosynthesis and involvement of ribosomal proteins are also reviewed as future therapeutic strategies to target deregulated protein production in melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory R. Kardos
- Department of Pharmacology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA, USA, 17033
- The Melanoma and Skin Cancer Center, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA, USA, 17033
- The Melanoma Therapeutics Program, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA, USA, 17033
| | - Gavin P. Robertson
- Department of Pharmacology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA, USA, 17033
- Department of Pathology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA, USA, 17033
- Department of Dermatology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA, USA, 17033
- Department of Surgery, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA, USA, 17033
- The Melanoma and Skin Cancer Center, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA, USA, 17033
- The Melanoma Therapeutics Program, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA, USA, 17033
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29
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Dysregulation of apoptotic signaling pathways by interaction of RPLP0 and cathepsin X/Z in gastric cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2014; 211:62-70. [PMID: 25433997 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2014.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2014] [Revised: 09/16/2014] [Accepted: 09/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Cathepsin X (CTSX, also called cathepsin Z/P) is a cysteine protease that still plays an unknown role in human cancer. It has been shown to bind cell surface heparin sulphate proteoglycans and integrins, indicating possible functions of CTSX in cellular adhesion, phagocytosis, and immune response. Our previous studies have shown an association between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection, a strong up-regulation of CTSX, and development of gastric cancer. In this study, yeast two-hybrid analysis revealed that RPLP0, a ribosomal protein P0, interacts with the human CTSX protein in gastric cancer. The CTSX/RPLP0 interaction was confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation assays. In addition, co-localization studies in cancer cell line N87 and gastric cancer tissue samples were performed. Laserscan microscopy revealed a shuttling of RPLP0 (and CTSX) from cytoplasm to the nucleus after CTSX knockdown. Down-regulation of RPLP0 resulted in G1 arrest of gastric cancer cells, whereas knockdown of CTSX led to G1 arrest and apoptosis after 48 h. Knockdown of both proteins caused increased apoptosis. RPLP0 deficiency could suppress cell growth and cell cycle progression by down-regulating CDK2. It was further demonstrated that RPLP0 affected p21 expression, but did not change the expression of Cyclin E. Down-regulation of both proteins at least through CDK2 suggests an anti-apoptotic effect on gastric cancer cells and opens up new possibilities for apoptotic immune modulation and gastric cancer therapy.
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30
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Wang W, Nag S, Zhang X, Wang MH, Wang H, Zhou J, Zhang R. Ribosomal proteins and human diseases: pathogenesis, molecular mechanisms, and therapeutic implications. Med Res Rev 2014; 35:225-85. [PMID: 25164622 DOI: 10.1002/med.21327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Ribosomes are essential components of the protein synthesis machinery. The process of ribosome biogenesis is well organized and tightly regulated. Recent studies have shown that ribosomal proteins (RPs) have extraribosomal functions that are involved in cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, DNA repair, and other cellular processes. The dysfunction of RPs has been linked to the development and progression of hematological, metabolic, and cardiovascular diseases and cancer. Perturbation of ribosome biogenesis results in ribosomal stress, which triggers activation of the p53 signaling pathway through RPs-MDM2 interactions, resulting in p53-dependent cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. RPs also regulate cellular functions through p53-independent mechanisms. We herein review the recent advances in several forefronts of RP research, including the understanding of their biological features and roles in regulating cellular functions, maintaining cell homeostasis, and their involvement in the pathogenesis of human diseases. We also highlight the translational potential of this research for the identification of molecular biomarkers, and in the discovery and development of novel treatments for human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas, 79106; Cancer Biology Center, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas, 79106
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31
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Makkapan W, Yoshizaki G, Tashiro M, Chotigeat W. Expression profile of ribosomal protein L10a throughout gonadal development in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2014; 40:1069-1081. [PMID: 24385218 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-013-9906-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2013] [Accepted: 12/27/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Ribosomal protein L10a (RpL10A) has been previously established as a stimulator during the early stages of ovarian development in both the banana prawn and the fruit fly. In order to develop a greater understanding of the role of this protein in vertebrates, the present study aimed to characterize the expression profile of rpl10a during gonadal development in fish. It was determined that the expression of rpl10a within genital ridges increased during embryonic development. Although rpl10a expression was observed in both gonadal somatic cells and primordial germ cells, higher levels of both transcript and protein expression were detected in somatic cells. rpl10a transcripts were observed in all of the adult tissues examined. Cellular level expression of rpl10a was subsequently characterized across various maturational stages using in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry of both testes and ovaries. Analysis of tissue derived from the testis showed high levels of rpl10a expression within spermatogonia and the Sertoli cells attached to them. In ovarian tissue, rpl10a was strongly expressed in chromatin-nucleolus-stage and peri-nucleolus-stage oocytes. The relationship between rpl10a expression and regulation of gonadal development was confirmed using real-time PCR, which was performed in order to analyze rpl10a expression in testicular and ovarian tissues subsequent to incubation with salmon pituitary extract and various sex steroids for 24 h. Among them, 11-ketotestosterone at 100 ng/mL effectively up-regulated expression of rpl10a in testicular tissues, while 17β-estradiol down-regulated rpl10a expression in ovarian tissues. These results suggested that rpl10a played a role in the regulation of gonadal development in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walaiporn Makkapan
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai, 90112, Songkhla, Thailand
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32
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Kardos GR, Dai MS, Robertson GP. Growth inhibitory effects of large subunit ribosomal proteins in melanoma. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2014; 27:801-12. [PMID: 24807543 DOI: 10.1111/pcmr.12259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2013] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Ribosome biogenesis can modulate protein synthesis, a process heavily relied upon for cancer cell proliferation. In this study, involvement of large subunit ribosomal proteins (RPLs) in melanoma has been dissected and RPLs categorized based on modulation of cell proliferation and therapeutic targeting potential. Based on these results, two categories of RPLs were identified: the first causing negligible effects on cell viability, p53 expression, and protein translation, while the second category decreased cell viability and inhibited protein synthesis mediated with or without p53 protein stabilization. RPL13 represents the second category, where siRNA-mediated targeting inhibited tumor development through decreased cellular proliferation. Mechanistically, decreased RPL13 levels increased p53 stability mediated by RPL5 and RPL11 binding to and preventing MDM2 from targeting p53 for degradation. The consequence was p53-dependent cell cycle arrest and decreased protein translation. Thus, targeting certain category 2 RPL proteins can inhibit melanoma tumor development mediated through the MDM2-p53 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory R Kardos
- Department of Pharmacology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA; The Melanoma Center, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA; The Melanoma Therapeutics Program, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
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Li C, Chen D, Luo M, Ge M, Zhu J. Knockdown of ribosomal protein L39 by RNA interference inhibits the growth of human pancreatic cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Biotechnol J 2014; 9:652-63. [PMID: 24799381 DOI: 10.1002/biot.201300321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2013] [Revised: 02/02/2014] [Accepted: 03/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer remains a major unsolved health problem lacking a potent therapeutic option. Our previous studies showed that the ribosomal protein L39 (RPL39) gene was up-regulated after long-term silencing of oncogenic KRAS in pancreatic cancer PANC-1 cells, which indicated that RPL39 may be important for pancreatic cancer development and survival. In the current study, small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting of the RPL39 gene was performed to determine the effects of the RPL39 gene on growth of pancreatic cancer PANC-1 and BxPC-3 cells in vitro and in vivo. Results from in vitro experiments showed that knockdown of RPL39 expression with RPL39-siRNA suppressed cell proliferation and specifically enhanced cell apoptosis significantly in both PANC-1 and BxPC-3 cells. The increase of caspase-8 activities and the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential after RPL39 silencing indicated that the RPL39 gene may be involved in caspase-8-related mitochondrial apoptosis. Further, treatment with the RPL39-siRNA inhibited the growth of a human pancreatic cancer xenograft in BALB/c nude mice, accompanied by a decreased expression of RPL39. In the xenograft tumors with injection of RPL39-siRNA, the expressions of Ki-67 and CD31 were significantly down-regulated, and apoptosis was markedly induced. Our findings suggested that siRNA against the RPL39 gene may be of value for gene therapy of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaodong Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Engineering Research Center for Cell Engineering and Therapeutic Antibody, SJTU, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Wang L, Luo J, Nian Q, Xiao Q, Yang Z, Liu L. Ribosomal protein S14 silencing inhibits growth of acute myeloid leukemia transformed from myelodysplastic syndromes via activating p53. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 19:225-31. [PMID: 24074450 DOI: 10.1179/1607845413y.0000000127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Ribosomal protein S14 (RPS14) plays a key role in erythropoiesis and causes p53 activation in 5q- syndrome. However, the oncogenic potential of RPS14 is not understood in leukemia and high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Here, we investigated the changes of proliferation and apoptosis of SKM-1, an acute myeloid leukemia (MDS/AML) cell line transformed from MDS, and explored the role of RPS14 in them. METHODS SKM-1 cells were transfected with recombined lentiviral vector shRPS14. Reverse-transcribed polymerase chain reaction and western blot assay were carried to detect the expression of RPS14 and p53. Cell proliferation was determined by MTT assay. Cell cycle and apoptosis were detected through flow cytometry. RESULTS When compared with negative control, the proliferation rate of SKM-1 cells transfected with RPS14 hairpin siRNA dropped by 30%. Transfected SKM-1 cells presented with activation of p53. Transfection also arrested cells in G0/G1 phase and induced apoptosis, indicating that RPS14 is involved in the pathophysiology of MDS/AML. DISCUSSION These findings indicate that partial silencing of RPS14 inhibits the proliferation of MDS/AML cells, and RPS14 may negatively regulate p53 activation in MDS/AML cells.
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Wang Z, Hou J, Lu L, Qi Z, Sun J, Gao W, Meng J, Wang Y, Sun H, Gu H, Xin Y, Guo X, Yang G. Small ribosomal protein subunit S7 suppresses ovarian tumorigenesis through regulation of the PI3K/AKT and MAPK pathways. PLoS One 2013; 8:e79117. [PMID: 24244431 PMCID: PMC3823983 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0079117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2013] [Accepted: 09/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Small ribosomal protein subunit S7 (RPS7) has been reported to be associated with various malignancies, but the role of RPS7 in ovarian cancer remains unclear. In this study, we found that silencing of RPS7 by a specific shRNA promoted ovarian cancer cell proliferation, accelerated cell cycle progression, and slightly reduced cell apoptosis and response to cisplatin treatment. Knockdown of RPS7 resulted in increased expression of P85α, P110α, and AKT2. Although the basal levels of ERK1/2, MEK1/2, and P38 were inconsistently altered in ovarian cancer cells, the phosphorylated forms of MEK1/2 (Ser217/221), ERK1/2 (Thr202/Tyr204), JNK1/2 (Thr183/Tyr185), and P38 (Thr180/Tyr182) were consistently reduced after RPS7 was silenced. Both the in vitro anchorage-independent colony formation and in vivo animal tumor formation capability of cells were enhanced after RPS7 was depleted. We also showed that silencing of RPS7 enhanced ovarian cancer cell migration and invasion. In sum, our results suggest that RPS7 suppresses ovarian tumorigenesis and metastasis through PI3K/AKT and MAPK signal pathways. Thus, RPS7 may be used as a potential marker for diagnosis and treatment of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziliang Wang
- Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Hou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lili Lu
- Life and Environment Science College, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zihao Qi
- Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianmin Sun
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen Gao
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiao Meng
- Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huizhen Sun
- Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongyu Gu
- Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuhu Xin
- Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaomao Guo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- * (XMG); (GY)
| | - Gong Yang
- Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- * (XMG); (GY)
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Bai D, Zhang J, Xiao W, Zheng X. Regulation of the HDM2-p53 pathway by ribosomal protein L6 in response to ribosomal stress. Nucleic Acids Res 2013; 42:1799-811. [PMID: 24174547 PMCID: PMC3919599 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkt971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The HDM2-p53 loop is crucial for monitoring p53 level and human pathologies. Therefore, identification of novel molecules involved in this regulatory loop is necessary for understanding the dynamic regulation of p53 and treatment of human diseases. Here, we characterized that the ribosomal protein L6 binds to and suppresses the E3 ubiquitin ligase activity of HDM2, and subsequently attenuates HDM2-mediated p53 polyubiquitination and degradation. The enhanced p53 activity further slows down cell cycle progression and leads to cell growth inhibition. Conversely, the level of p53 is dramatically decreased upon the depletion of RPL6, indicating that RPL6 is essential for p53 stabilization. We also found that RPL6 translocalizes from the nucleolus to nucleoplasm under ribosomal stress, which facilitates its binding with HDM2. The interaction of RPL6 and HDM2 drives HDM2-mediated RPL6 polyubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. Longer treatment of actinomycin D increases RPL6 ubiquitination and destabilizes RPL6, and thereby putatively attenuates p53 response until the level of L6 subsides. Therefore, RPL6 and HDM2 form an autoregulatory feedback loop to monitor the level of p53 in response to ribosomal stress. Together, our study identifies the crucial function of RPL6 in regulating HDM2-p53 pathway, which highlights the importance of RPL6 in human genetic diseases and cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Bai
- State Key Lab of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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Han W, Shi M, Spivack SD. Site-specific methylated reporter constructs for functional analysis of DNA methylation. Epigenetics 2013; 8:1176-87. [PMID: 24004978 DOI: 10.4161/epi.26195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Methods to experimentally alter and functionally evaluate cytosine methylation in a site-specific manner have proven elusive. We describe a site-specific DNA methylation method, using synthetically methylated primers and high fidelity PCR coupled with ligation of reporter constructs. We applied this method to introduce methylated cytosines into fragments of the respective DAPK and RASSF1A promoters that had been cloned into luciferase reporters. We found that methylation of 3-7 residue CpG clusters that were 5' adjacent to the transcription start site (TSS) of the DAPK gene produced up to a 54% decrease in promoter activity (p<0.01). Similarly, for RASSF1A promoter reporter constructs, the methylation of either of two clusters of four CpGs each, but not an intervening cluster, produced a 63% decrease in promoter activity (p<0.01), suggesting that precise mCpG position is crucial, and factors other than simple proximity to the TSS are at play. Chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis of these reporter constructs demonstrated that transcription factor Oct-1 and Sp1 preferentially bound the unmethylated vs. methylated DAPK or RASSF1A promoter reporter constructs at the functional CpG sites. Histone H1, hnRNP1, and MeCP2 showed preferential binding to methylated sequence at functional sites in these reporter constructs, as well as highly preferential (> 8-80-fold) binding to native methylated vs. unmethylated chromatin. These results suggest that: (1) site-specific, precision DNA methylation of a reporter construct can be used for functional analysis of commonly observed gene promoter methylation patterns; (2) the reporter system contains key elements of the endogenous chromatin machinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiguo Han
- Pulmonary Medicine; Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Bronx, NY USA
| | - Miao Shi
- Pulmonary Medicine; Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Bronx, NY USA
| | - Simon D Spivack
- Pulmonary Medicine; Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Bronx, NY USA; Genetics; Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Bronx, NY USA
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Chen D, Zhang R, Shen W, Fu H, Liu S, Sun K, Sun X. RPS12-specific shRNA inhibits the proliferation, migration of BGC823 gastric cancer cells with S100A4 as a downstream effector. Int J Oncol 2013; 42:1763-9. [PMID: 23546393 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2013.1872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2013] [Accepted: 03/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Our previous study using suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH), cDNA microarray and semi-quantitative RT-PCR showed that RPS12 was overexpressed in gastric cancer and it was closely related to metastasis. However, the role of RPS12 in gastric cancer is not clear, which led us to conduct the current study to further investigate the effects of RPS12 on the proliferation and migration of gastric cancer cells, and also to explore the underlying molecular mechanisms. RNA interference was used to inhibit the expression of RPS12. The expression of RPS12 and S100A4 in gastric cancer cells was determined using semi-quantitative RT-PCR and western blot analysis. Cell proliferation and migration were detected by MTT and transwell assay, respectively. In addition, the promoter activity of S100A4 was measured by a Dual-Luciferase Reporter Assay System. We found that RNAi‑mediated RPS12 downregulation led to reduced proliferation and migration of BGC823 and SGC7901 gastric cancer cells. Further results showed that RPS12 inhibition led to reduced S100A4 expression and decreased promoter activity of S100A4 in BGC823 cells. We demonstrated that ectopic expression of S100A4 reversed the reduced proliferation and migration ability after RPS12 inhibition in BGC823 cells. Our findings provide the first demonstration that RPS12 plays important roles in regulating the proliferation and migration of gastric cancer cells. S100A4 can mediate the effects of RPS12 as a downstream effector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danqi Chen
- Department of Medical Genetics, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, PR China
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Warner N, Burberry A, Franchi L, Kim YG, McDonald C, Sartor MA, Núñez G. A genome-wide siRNA screen reveals positive and negative regulators of the NOD2 and NF-κB signaling pathways. Sci Signal 2013; 6:rs3. [PMID: 23322906 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2003305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The cytoplasmic receptor NOD2 (nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 2) senses peptidoglycan fragments and triggers host defense pathways, including activation of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling, which lead to inflammatory immune responses. Dysregulation of NOD2 signaling is associated with inflammatory diseases, such as Crohn's disease and Blau syndrome. We used a genome-wide small interfering RNA screen to identify regulators of the NOD2 signaling pathway. Several genes associated with Crohn's disease risk were identified in the screen. A comparison of candidates from this screen with other "omics" data sets revealed interconnected networks of genes implicated in NF-κB signaling, thus supporting a role for NOD2 and NF-κB pathways in the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease. Many of these regulators were validated in secondary assays, such as measurement of interleukin-8 secretion, which is partially dependent on NF-κB. Knockdown of putative regulators in human embryonic kidney 293 cells followed by stimulation with tumor necrosis factor-α revealed that most of the genes identified were general regulators of NF-κB signaling. Overall, the genes identified here provide a resource to facilitate the elucidation of the molecular mechanisms that regulate NOD2- and NF-κB-mediated inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil Warner
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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Wang Y, Zheng X, Zhang Z, Zhou J, Zhao G, Yang J, Xia L, Wang R, Cai X, Hu H, Zhu C, Nie Y, Wu K, Zhang D, Fan D. MicroRNA-149 inhibits proliferation and cell cycle progression through the targeting of ZBTB2 in human gastric cancer. PLoS One 2012; 7:e41693. [PMID: 23144691 PMCID: PMC3483266 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0041693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2012] [Accepted: 06/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
An increasing body of evidence indicates that miR-149 can both suppress and promote tumor growth depending on the tumor type. However, the role of miR-149 in the progression of gastric cancer (GC) remains unknown. Here we report that miR-149 is a tumor suppressor in human gastric cancer. miR-149 expression is decreased in GC cell lines and clinical specimens in comparison to normal gastric epithelial cell and tissues, respectively. The expression levels of miR-149 also correlate with the differentiation degree of GC cells and tissues. Moreover, ectopic expression of miR-149 in gastric cancer cells inhibits proliferation and cell cycle progression by down-regulating ZBTB2, a potent repressor of the ARF-HDM2-p53-p21 pathway, with a potential binding site for miR-149 in its mRNA's 3′UTR. It is also found that ZBTB2 expression increases in GC cells and tissues compared to normal gastric epithelial cell and tissues, respectively. Silencing of ZBTB2 leads to suppression of cell growth and cell cycle arrest in G0/G1 phase, indicating that ZBTB2 may act as an oncogene in GC. Furthermore, transfection of miR-149 mimics into gastric cancer cells induces down-regulation of ZBTB2 and HDM2, and up-regulation of ARF, p53, and p21 compared to the controls. In summary, our data suggest that miR-149 functions as a tumor suppressor in human gastric cancer by, at least partially through, targeting ZBTB2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Disease, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiushan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Disease, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, General Hospital of PLA Chengdu Military District, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Zhiyong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Disease, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jinfeng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Disease, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Guohong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Disease, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jianjun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Disease, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Limin Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Disease, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Rui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Disease, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiqiang Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Disease, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Disease, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Cailin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Disease, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yongzhan Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Disease, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kaichun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Disease, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dexin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Disease, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- * E-mail: (DZ); (DF)
| | - Daiming Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Disease, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- * E-mail: (DZ); (DF)
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Wang H, Zhou X, Zhang Y, Zhu H, Zhao L, Fan L, Wang Y, Gang Y, Wu K, Liu Z, Fan D. Growth arrest-specific gene 1 is downregulated and inhibits tumor growth in gastric cancer. FEBS J 2012; 279:3652-3664. [PMID: 22846196 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2012.08726.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Gastric cancer is one of the leading causes of malignancy-related mortality in the world, and malignant growth is a crucial characteristic in gastric cancer. In our previous study, we found that growth arrest-specific gene 1 (GAS1) suppression was involved in making gastric cancer cells multidrug-resistant by protecting them from drug-induced apoptosis. In the present study, we investigated the potential role of GAS1 in the growth and proliferation of gastric cancer. We demonstrated that GAS1 expression was decreased in gastric cancer, and patients without GAS1 expression showed shorter survival times than those with GAS1 expression. Both gain-of-function (by overexpression of GAS1) and loss-of-function (by GAS1-specific small interfering RNA knockdown) studies showed that increased GAS1 expression significantly reduced the colony-forming ability of gastric cancer cells in vitro and reduced cell growth in vivo, whereas decreased GAS1 expression had the opposite effects. Moreover, upregulation of GAS1 induced cell apoptosis, and downregulation of GAS1 inhibited apoptosis. Furthermore, we demonstrated that GAS1 could induce gastric cancer cell apoptosis, at least in part through modulating the Bcl-2/Bax ratio and the activity of caspase-3. Taken together, our results strongly indicate that GAS1 expression was decreased in gastric cancer and was predictive of a poor prognosis. Restoration of GAS1 expression inhibited cell growth and promoted apoptosis of gastric cancer cells, at least in part through modulating the Bcl-2/Bax ratio and activating caspase-3, suggesting that GAS1 might be used as a novel therapeutic candidate for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honghong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, the Fourth Military Medical Univeristy, Xi'an, China State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, the Fourth Military Medical Univeristy, Xi'an, China State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yongguo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, the Fourth Military Medical Univeristy, Xi'an, China State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hongwu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, the Fourth Military Medical Univeristy, Xi'an, China State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lina Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, the Fourth Military Medical Univeristy, Xi'an, China State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Linni Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, the Fourth Military Medical Univeristy, Xi'an, China State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yingmei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, the Fourth Military Medical Univeristy, Xi'an, China State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yi Gang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, the Fourth Military Medical Univeristy, Xi'an, China State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Kaichun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, the Fourth Military Medical Univeristy, Xi'an, China State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhiguo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, the Fourth Military Medical Univeristy, Xi'an, China State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Daiming Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, the Fourth Military Medical Univeristy, Xi'an, China State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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Ma PF, Chen JQ, Wang Z, Liu JL, Li BP. Function of chloride intracellular channel 1 in gastric cancer cells. World J Gastroenterol 2012; 18:3070-80. [PMID: 22791942 PMCID: PMC3386320 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v18.i24.3070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2011] [Revised: 02/28/2012] [Accepted: 04/09/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the effect of chloride intracellular channel 1 (CLIC1) on the cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells.
METHODS: CLIC1 expression was evaluated in human gastric cancer cell lines SGC-7901 and MGC-803 by real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Four segments of small interference RNA (siRNA) targeting CLIC1 mRNA and a no-sense control segment were designed by bioinformatics technology. CLIC1 siRNA was selected using Lipofectamine 2000 and transfected transiently into human gastric cancer SGC-7901 and MGC-803 cells. The transfected efficiency was observed under fluorescence microscope. After transfection, mRNA expression of CLIC1 was detected with RT-PCR and Western blotting was used to detect the protein expression. Proliferation was examined by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium and apoptosis was detected with flow cytometry. Polycarbonate membrane transwell chamber and Matrigel were used for the detection of the changes of invasion and migration of the two cell lines.
RESULTS: In gastric cancer cell lines SGC-7901 and MGC-803, CLIC1 was obviously expressed and CLIC1 siRNA could effectively suppress the expression of CLIC1 protein and mRNA. Proliferation of cells transfected with CLIC1 siRNA3 was enhanced notably, and the highest proliferation rate was 23.3% (P = 0.002) in SGC-7901 and 35.55% (P = 0.001) in MGC-803 cells at 48 h. The G2/M phase proportion increased, while G0/G1 and S phase proportions decreased. The apoptotic rate of the CLIC1 siRNA3 group obviously decreased in both SGC-7901 cells (62.24%, P = 0.000) and MGC-803 cells (52.67%, P = 0.004). Down-regulation of CLIC1 led to the inhibition of invasion and migration by 54.31% (P = 0.000) and 33.62% (P = 0.001) in SGC-7901 and 40.74% (P = 0.000) and 29.26% (P = 0.002) in MGC-803. However, there was no significant difference between the mock group cells and the negative control group cells.
CONCLUSION: High CLIC1 expression can efficiently inhibit proliferation and enhance apoptosis, migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells in vitro. CLIC1 might be a promising target for the treatment of gastric cancer.
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