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Hahn WO, Pepper M, Liles WC. B cell intrinsic expression of IFNλ receptor suppresses the acute humoral immune response to experimental blood-stage malaria. Virulence 2021; 11:594-606. [PMID: 32407154 PMCID: PMC7549950 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2020.1768329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibodies play a critical protective role in the host response to blood-stage malaria infection. The role of cytokines in shaping the antibody response to blood-stage malaria is unclear. Interferon lambda (IFNλ), a type III interferon, is a cytokine produced early during blood-stage malaria infection that has an unknown physiological role during malaria infection. We demonstrate that B cell-intrinsic IFNλ signals suppress the acute antibody response, acute plasmablast response, and impede acute parasite clearance during a primary blood-stage malaria infection. Our findings demonstrate a previously unappreciated role for B cell intrinsic IFNλ-signaling in the initiation of the humoral immune response in the host response to experimental malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- William O Hahn
- Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Washington , Seattle, USA
| | - Marion Pepper
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington , Seattle, USA
| | - W Conrad Liles
- Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Washington , Seattle, USA
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2
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Arif E, Solanki AK, Srivastava P, Rahman B, Tash BR, Holzman LB, Janech MG, Martin R, Knölker HJ, Fitzgibbon WR, Deng P, Budisavljevic MN, Syn WK, Wang C, Lipschutz JH, Kwon SH, Nihalani D. The motor protein Myo1c regulates transforming growth factor-β-signaling and fibrosis in podocytes. Kidney Int 2019; 96:139-158. [PMID: 31097328 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2019.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is known to play a critical role in the pathogenesis of many progressive podocyte diseases. However, the molecular mechanisms regulating TGF-β signaling in podocytes remain unclear. Using a podocyte-specific myosin (Myo)1c knockout, we demonstrate whether Myo1c is critical for TGF-β-signaling in podocyte disease pathogenesis. Specifically, podocyte-specific Myo1c knockout mice were resistant to fibrotic injury induced by Adriamycin or nephrotoxic serum. Further, loss of Myo1c also protected from injury in the TGF-β-dependent unilateral ureteral obstruction mouse model of renal interstitial fibrosis. Mechanistic analyses showed that loss of Myo1c significantly blunted TGF-β signaling through downregulation of canonical and non-canonical TGF-β pathways. Interestingly, nuclear rather than the cytoplasmic Myo1c was found to play a central role in controlling TGF-β signaling through transcriptional regulation. Differential expression analysis of nuclear Myo1c-associated gene promoters showed that nuclear Myo1c targeted the TGF-β responsive gene growth differentiation factor (GDF)-15 and directly bound to the GDF-15 promoter. Importantly, GDF15 was found to be involved in podocyte pathogenesis, where GDF15 was upregulated in glomeruli of patients with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. Thus, Myo1c-mediated regulation of TGF-β-responsive genes is central to the pathogenesis of podocyte injury. Hence, inhibiting this process may have clinical application in treating podocytopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehtesham Arif
- Department of Medicine, Nephrology Division, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Ashish K Solanki
- Department of Medicine, Nephrology Division, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Pankaj Srivastava
- Department of Medicine, Nephrology Division, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Bushra Rahman
- Department of Medicine, Nephrology Division, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Brian R Tash
- Department of Medicine, Renal Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Lawrence B Holzman
- Department of Medicine, Renal Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Michael G Janech
- Department of Medicine, Nephrology Division, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA; College of Charleston, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - René Martin
- Department of Chemistry, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Wayne R Fitzgibbon
- Department of Medicine, Nephrology Division, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Peifeng Deng
- Department of Medicine, Nephrology Division, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Milos N Budisavljevic
- Department of Medicine, Nephrology Division, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Wing-Kin Syn
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA; Section of Gastroenterology, Ralph H Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, South Carolina, USA; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country, (UPV/EHU), Vizcaya, Spain
| | - Cindy Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Joshua H Lipschutz
- Department of Medicine, Nephrology Division, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Sang-Ho Kwon
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Deepak Nihalani
- Department of Medicine, Nephrology Division, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA.
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3
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Hahn WO, Butler NS, Lindner SE, Akilesh HM, Sather DN, Kappe SH, Hamerman JA, Gale M, Liles WC, Pepper M. cGAS-mediated control of blood-stage malaria promotes Plasmodium-specific germinal center responses. JCI Insight 2018; 3:94142. [PMID: 29367469 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.94142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Sensing of pathogens by host pattern recognition receptors is essential for activating the immune response during infection. We used a nonlethal murine model of malaria (Plasmodium yoelii 17XNL) to assess the contribution of the pattern recognition receptor cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) to the development of humoral immunity. Despite previous reports suggesting a critical, intrinsic role for cGAS in early B cell responses, cGAS-deficient (cGAS-/-) mice had no defect in the early expansion or differentiation of Plasmodium-specific B cells. As the infection proceeded, however, cGAS-/- mice exhibited higher parasite burdens and aberrant germinal center and memory B cell formation when compared with littermate controls. Antimalarial drugs were used to further demonstrate that the disrupted humoral response was not B cell intrinsic but instead was a secondary effect of a loss of parasite control. These findings therefore demonstrate that cGAS-mediated innate-sensing contributes to parasite control but is not intrinsically required for the development of humoral immunity. Our findings highlight the need to consider the indirect effects of pathogen burden in investigations examining how the innate immune system affects the adaptive immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- William O Hahn
- Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases and.,Center For Innate Immunity and Immune Disease, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Noah S Butler
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Scott E Lindner
- Center for Infectious Disease Research, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Holly M Akilesh
- Immunology Program, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and
| | - D Noah Sather
- Center for Infectious Disease Research, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Stefan Hi Kappe
- Center for Infectious Disease Research, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Department of Global Health and
| | - Jessica A Hamerman
- Immunology Program, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Michael Gale
- Center For Innate Immunity and Immune Disease, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - W Conrad Liles
- Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases and.,Center For Innate Immunity and Immune Disease, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Marion Pepper
- Center For Innate Immunity and Immune Disease, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
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4
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Scaccabarozzi D, Deroost K, Corbett Y, Lays N, Corsetto P, Salè FO, Van den Steen PE, Taramelli D. Differential induction of malaria liver pathology in mice infected with Plasmodium chabaudi AS or Plasmodium berghei NK65. Malar J 2018; 17:18. [PMID: 29316914 PMCID: PMC5761140 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-017-2159-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cerebral malaria and severe anaemia are the most common deadly complications of malaria, and are often associated, both in paediatric and adult patients, with hepatopathy, whose pathogenesis is not well characterized, and sometimes also with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Here, two species of murine malaria, the lethal Plasmodium berghei strain NK65 and self-healing Plasmodium chabaudi strain AS which differ in their ability to cause hepatopathy and/or ARDS were used to investigate the lipid alterations, oxidative damage and host immune response during the infection in relation to parasite load and accumulation of parasite products, such as haemozoin. METHODS Plasma and livers of C57BL/6J mice injected with PbNK65 or PcAS infected erythrocytes were collected at different times and tested for parasitaemia, content of haemozoin and expression of tumour necrosis factor (TNF). Hepatic enzymes, antioxidant defenses and lipids content and composition were also evaluated. RESULTS In the livers of P. berghei NK65 infected mice both parasites and haemozoin accumulated to a greater extent than in livers of P. chabaudi AS infected mice although in the latter hepatomegaly was more prominent. Hepatic enzymes and TNF were increased in both models. Moreover, in P. berghei NK65 infected mice, increased lipid peroxidation, accumulation of triglycerides, impairment of anti-oxidant enzymes and higher collagen deposition were detected. On the contrary, in P. chabaudi AS infected mice the antioxidant enzymes and the lipid content and composition were normal or even lower than uninfected controls. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that in C57BL/6J mice, depending on the parasite species, malaria-induced liver pathology results in different manifestations, which may contribute to the different outcomes. In P. berghei NK65 infected mice, which concomitantly develop lethal acute respiratory distress syndrome, the liver tissue is characterized by an excess oxidative stress response and reduced antioxidant defenses while in P. chabaudi AS infected mice hepatopathy does not lead to lipid alterations or reduction of antioxidant enzymes, but rather to inflammation and cytokine burst, as shown earlier, that may favour parasite killing and clearance of the infection. These results may help understanding the different clinical profiles described in human malaria hepatopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diletta Scaccabarozzi
- Department of Pharmacological and Molecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Katrien Deroost
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Louvain, Belgium.,The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Yolanda Corbett
- Department of Pharmacological and Molecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.,Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Natacha Lays
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Louvain, Belgium
| | - Paola Corsetto
- Department of Pharmacological and Molecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Fausta Omodeo Salè
- Department of Pharmacological and Molecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Donatella Taramelli
- Department of Pharmacological and Molecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
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Vandermosten L, De Geest C, Knoops S, Thijs G, Chapman KE, De Bosscher K, Opdenakker G, Van den Steen PE. 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 has no effect on survival during experimental malaria but affects parasitemia in a parasite strain-specific manner. Sci Rep 2017; 7:13835. [PMID: 29062028 PMCID: PMC5653823 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-14288-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Malaria is a global disease associated with considerable mortality and morbidity. An appropriately balanced immune response is crucial in determining the outcome of malarial infection. The glucocorticoid (GC) metabolising enzyme, 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-1 (11β-HSD1) converts intrinsically inert GCs into active GCs. 11β-HSD1 shapes endogenous GC action and is immunomodulatory. We investigated the role of 11β-HSD1 in two mouse models of malaria. 11β-HSD1 deficiency did not affect survival after malaria infection, but it increased disease severity and parasitemia in mice infected with Plasmodium chabaudi AS. In contrast, 11β-HSD1 deficiency rather decreased parasitemia in mice infected with the reticulocyte-restricted parasite Plasmodium berghei NK65 1556Cl1. Malaria-induced antibody production and pathology were unaltered by 11β-HSD1 deficiency though plasma levels of IL-4, IL-6 and TNF-α were slightly affected by 11β-HSD1 deficiency, dependent on the infecting parasite. These data suggest that 11β-HSD1 is not crucial for survival of experimental malaria, but alters its progression in a parasite strain-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Vandermosten
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - C De Geest
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - S Knoops
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - G Thijs
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - K E Chapman
- University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - K De Bosscher
- Receptor Research Laboratories, Nuclear Receptor Lab, VIB-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology, Gent, Belgium
| | - G Opdenakker
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - P E Van den Steen
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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6
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Hahn WO, Harju-Baker S, Erdman LK, Krudsood S, Kain KC, Wurfel MM, Liles WC. A common TLR1 polymorphism is associated with higher parasitaemia in a Southeast Asian population with Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Malar J 2016; 15:12. [PMID: 26738805 PMCID: PMC4704253 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-015-1071-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background
The factors leading to poor outcomes in malaria infection are incompletely understood. Common genetic variation exists in the human genes for Toll like receptors (TLRs) that alter host responses to pathogen-associated molecular patterns. Genetic variation in TLR1 and TLR6 could alter the risk of development of complicated malaria and ability of the host to control the parasite burden during acute Plasmodium falciparum infection. Methods
Five single nucleotide polymorphisms in TLR1 and TLR6 in 432 patients with clinical P. falciparum monoinfection acquired on the Thai-Myanmar border were genotyped. Using logistic regression, associations with the development of complicated malaria and the percentage of infected erythrocytes (parasitaemia) on the day of presentation to clinical care (day zero) were tested. Results Genotypes carrying the T (major) allele of TLR1 rs5743551—an allele associated with improved outcomes in sepsis—were associated with higher parasitaemia measured on day zero (p = 0.03). Discussion Since malaria exerts strong genetic pressure on the human genome, protection from parasitaemia associated with TLR1 rs5743551 may account for the maintenance of an allele associated with poor outcomes in Caucasians with sepsis. Conclusion These data suggest that genetic variation in TLR1 has effects on the host response to Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Asian populations. Genotypes from TLR6 showed no evidence of association with either complicated malaria or parasite burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- William O Hahn
- Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington, Box 359640, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Susanna Harju-Baker
- Division of Pulmonary Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Laura K Erdman
- Tropical Disease Unit, Department of Medicine, University Health Network-Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. .,SAR Laboratories, Sandra Rotman Centre for Global Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Srivicha Krudsood
- Clinical Malaria Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - Kevin C Kain
- Tropical Disease Unit, Department of Medicine, University Health Network-Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. .,SAR Laboratories, Sandra Rotman Centre for Global Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Mark M Wurfel
- Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington, Box 359640, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Wayne C Liles
- Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington, Box 359640, Seattle, WA, USA.
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7
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Deroost K, Pham TT, Opdenakker G, Van den Steen PE. The immunological balance between host and parasite in malaria. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2015; 40:208-57. [PMID: 26657789 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuv046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Coevolution of humans and malaria parasites has generated an intricate balance between the immune system of the host and virulence factors of the parasite, equilibrating maximal parasite transmission with limited host damage. Focusing on the blood stage of the disease, we discuss how the balance between anti-parasite immunity versus immunomodulatory and evasion mechanisms of the parasite may result in parasite clearance or chronic infection without major symptoms, whereas imbalances characterized by excessive parasite growth, exaggerated immune reactions or a combination of both cause severe pathology and death, which is detrimental for both parasite and host. A thorough understanding of the immunological balance of malaria and its relation to other physiological balances in the body is of crucial importance for developing effective interventions to reduce malaria-related morbidity and to diminish fatal outcomes due to severe complications. Therefore, we discuss in this review the detailed mechanisms of anti-malarial immunity, parasite virulence factors including immune evasion mechanisms and pathogenesis. Furthermore, we propose a comprehensive classification of malaria complications according to the different types of imbalances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrien Deroost
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium The Francis Crick Institute, Mill Hill Laboratory, London, NW71AA, UK
| | - Thao-Thy Pham
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ghislain Opdenakker
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Philippe E Van den Steen
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
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Biedroń R, Konopiński MK, Marcinkiewicz J, Józefowski S. Oxidation by neutrophils-derived HOCl increases immunogenicity of proteins by converting them into ligands of several endocytic receptors involved in antigen uptake by dendritic cells and macrophages. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0123293. [PMID: 25849867 PMCID: PMC4388828 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0123293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2014] [Accepted: 02/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The initiation of adaptive immune responses to protein antigens has to be preceded by their uptake by antigen presenting cells and intracellular proteolytic processing. Paradoxically, endocytic receptors involved in antigen uptake do not bind the majority of proteins, which may be the main reason why purified proteins stimulate at most weak immune responses. A shared feature of different types of adjuvants, capable of boosting immunogenicity of protein vaccines, is their ability to induce acute inflammation, characterized by early influx of activated neutrophils. Neutrophils are also rapidly recruited to sites of tissue injury or infection. These cells are the source of potent oxidants, including hypochlorous acid (HOCl), causing oxidation of proteins present in inflammatory foci. We demonstrate that oxidation of proteins by endogenous, neutrophils-derived HOCl increases their immunogenicity. Upon oxidation, different, randomly chosen simple proteins (yeast alcohol dehydrogenase, human and bovine serum albumin) and glycoproteins (human apo-transferrin, ovalbumin) gain the ability to bind with high affinity to several endocytic receptors on antigen presenting cells, which seems to be the major mechanism of their increased immunogenicity. The mannose receptor (CD206), scavenger receptors A (CD204) and CD36 were responsible for the uptake and presentation of HOCl-modified proteins by murine dendritic cells and macrophages. Other scavenger receptors, SREC-I and LOX-1, as well as RAGE were also able to bind HOCl-modified proteins, but they did not contribute significantly to these ligands uptake by dendritic cells because they were either not expressed or exhibited preference for more heavily oxidised proteins. Our results indicate that oxidation by neutrophils-derived HOCl may be a physiological mechanism of conferring immunogenicity on proteins which in their native forms do not bind to endocytic receptors. This mechanism might enable the immune system to detect infections caused by pathogens not recognized by pattern recognition receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafał Biedroń
- Department of Immunology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
| | | | - Janusz Marcinkiewicz
- Department of Immunology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
| | - Szczepan Józefowski
- Department of Immunology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
- * E-mail:
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9
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Deroost K, Lays N, Pham TT, Baci D, Van den Eynde K, Komuta M, Prato M, Roskams T, Schwarzer E, Opdenakker G, Van den Steen PE. Hemozoin induces hepatic inflammation in mice and is differentially associated with liver pathology depending on the Plasmodium strain. PLoS One 2014; 9:e113519. [PMID: 25419977 PMCID: PMC4242621 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0113519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2014] [Accepted: 10/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Malaria is a global disease that clinically affects more than two hundred million people annually. Despite the availability of effective antimalarials, mortality rates associated with severe complications are high. Hepatopathy is frequently observed in patients with severe malarial disease and its pathogenesis is poorly understood. Previously, we observed high amounts of hemozoin or malaria pigment in livers from infected mice. In this study, we investigated whether hemozoin is associated with liver injury in different mouse malaria models. C57BL/6J mice infected with the rodent parasites Plasmodium berghei ANKA, P. berghei NK65 or P. chabaudi AS had elevated serum liver enzymes without severe histological changes in the liver, in line with the observations in most patients. Furthermore, liver enzymes were significantly higher in serum of P. chabaudi AS-infected mice compared to mice infected with the P. berghei parasite strains and a strong positive correlation was found between hepatic hemozoin levels, hepatocyte damage and inflammation in the liver with P. chabaudi AS. The observed liver injury was only marginally influenced by the genetic background of the host, since similar serum liver enzyme levels were measured in infected C57BL/6J and BALB/c mice. Intravenous injection of P. falciparum-derived hemozoin in malaria-free C57BL/6J mice induced inflammatory gene transcription in the liver, suggesting that hemozoin may be involved in the pathogenesis of malaria hepatopathy by inducing inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrien Deroost
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Laboratory of Immunobiology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Natacha Lays
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Laboratory of Immunobiology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Thao-Thy Pham
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Laboratory of Immunobiology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Denisa Baci
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
- Department of Biology, Tor Vergata Rome University, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Mina Komuta
- Translational Cell & Tissue Research, KU Leuven – University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mauro Prato
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Tania Roskams
- Translational Cell & Tissue Research, KU Leuven – University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Evelin Schwarzer
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
- Department of Genetics, Biology, and Biochemistry, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Ghislain Opdenakker
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Laboratory of Immunobiology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Philippe E. Van den Steen
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Laboratory of Immunobiology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- * E-mail:
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10
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Deroost K, Opdenakker G, Van den Steen PE. MalarImDB: an open-access literature-based malaria immunology database. Trends Parasitol 2014; 30:309-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2014.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2014] [Revised: 03/28/2014] [Accepted: 04/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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11
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Association study of TLR-9 polymorphisms and systemic lupus erythematosus in northern Chinese Han population. Gene 2013; 533:385-8. [PMID: 24004541 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2013.08.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2013] [Revised: 08/07/2013] [Accepted: 08/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease, with multiple genetic and environmental factors involving in its etiology. The toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) gene has been reported to have important roles in the development and progression of SLE. We performed a case-control study to investigate the effects of 4 SNPs in the TLR9 gene in the development of SLE in Northern Chinese population. METHODS Four SNPs including rs187084, rs5743836, rs352139 and rs352140 were genotyped using the SNaPshot® method. A group of 430 SLE patients were compared to 424 normal controls. Data were analyzed by SPSS 17.0 and HaploView v 4.1 software. RESULTS The frequency distributions of SNP rs351240 and haplotype H2 (TGCT) and H3 (CATT) were found to differ significantly between patient and control groups (p<0.05), while other SNPs and haplotypes showed no significant difference between the two cohorts (p>0.05). CONCLUSION The results revealed that variations in the TLR9 gene are associated with SLE, indicating that TLR9 may play an important role in the pathogenesis of SLE in the northern Chinese Han population.
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12
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Pathogenesis of malaria-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome. Trends Parasitol 2013; 29:346-58. [PMID: 23742967 DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2013.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2013] [Revised: 04/26/2013] [Accepted: 04/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Malaria-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome (MA-ARDS) is an increasingly reported, often lethal, and incompletely understood complication of malaria. We discuss and compare the pathogenesis of MA-ARDS in patients and in different murine models, including recent models without cerebral involvement, and summarize the roles of different leukocyte subclasses, adhesion molecules, cytokines, and chemokines. In patients as well as in mice, severe edema and impaired gas exchange are associated with abundant inflammatory infiltrates consisting of mainly mononuclear cells and parasite sequestration, and the pathogenesis appears different from cerebral malaria (CM). Experimental anti-inflammatory interventions are successful in mice and remain to be validated in patients.
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Deroost K, Tyberghein A, Lays N, Noppen S, Schwarzer E, Vanstreels E, Komuta M, Prato M, Lin JW, Pamplona A, Janse CJ, Arese P, Roskams T, Daelemans D, Opdenakker G, Van den Steen PE. Hemozoin Induces Lung Inflammation and Correlates with Malaria-Associated Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2013; 48:589-600. [DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2012-0450oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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McQuibban GA, Gong JH, Tam EM, McCulloch CA, Clark-Lewis I, Overall CM. Inflammation dampened by gelatinase A cleavage of monocyte chemoattractant protein-3. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 2000; 48:222-72. [PMID: 10947989 DOI: 10.3109/10409238.2013.770819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 545] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Tissue degradation by the matrix metalloproteinase gelatinase A is pivotal to inflammation and metastases. Recognizing the catalytic importance of substrate-binding exosites outside the catalytic domain, we screened for extracellular substrates using the gelatinase A hemopexin domain as bait in the yeast two-hybrid system. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-3 (MCP-3) was identified as a physiological substrate of gelatinase A. Cleaved MCP-3 binds to CC-chemokine receptors-1, -2, and -3, but no longer induces calcium fluxes or promotes chemotaxis, and instead acts as a general chemokine antagonist that dampens inflammation. This suggests that matrix metalloproteinases are both effectors and regulators of the inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- G A McQuibban
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedical Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
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