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Hu Y, Yu C, Cheng L, Zhong C, An J, Zou M, Liu B, Gao X. Flavokawain C inhibits glucose metabolism and tumor angiogenesis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma by targeting the HSP90B1/STAT3/HK2 signaling axis. Cancer Cell Int 2024; 24:158. [PMID: 38711062 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-024-03314-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Over the past decade, heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) inhibitors have emerged as promising anticancer drugs in solid and hematological malignancies. Flavokawain C (FKC) is a naturally occurring chalcone that has been found to exert considerable anti-tumor efficacy by targeting multiple molecular pathways. However, the efficacy of FKC has not been studied in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Metabolic abnormalities and uncontrolled angiogenesis are two important features of malignant tumors, and the occurrence of these two events may involve the regulation of HSP90B1. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the effects of FKC on NPC proliferation, glycolysis, and angiogenesis by regulating HSP90B1 and the underlying molecular regulatory mechanisms. METHODS HSP90B1 expression was analyzed in NPC tissues and its relationship with patient's prognosis was further identified. Afterward, the effects of HSP90B1 on proliferation, apoptosis, glycolysis, and angiogenesis in NPC were studied by loss-of-function assays. Next, the interaction of FKC, HSP90B1, and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) was evaluated. Then, in vitro experiments were designed to analyze the effect of FKC treatment on NPC cells. Finally, in vivo experiments were allowed to investigate whether FKC treatment regulates proliferation, glycolysis, and angiogenesis of NPC cells by HSP90B1/EGFR pathway. RESULTS HSP90B1 was highly expressed in NPC tissues and was identified as a poor prognostic factor in NPC. At the same time, knockdown of HSP90B1 can inhibit the proliferation of NPC cells, trigger apoptosis, and reduce glycolysis and angiogenesis. Mechanistically, FKC affects downstream EGFR phosphorylation by regulating HSP90B1, thereby regulating the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. FKC treatment inhibited the proliferation, glycolysis, and angiogenesis of NPC cells, which was reversed by introducing overexpression of HSP90B1. In addition, FKC can affect NPC tumor growth and metastasis in vivo by regulating the HSP90B1/EGFR pathway. CONCLUSION Collectively, FKC inhibits glucose metabolism and tumor angiogenesis in NPC by targeting the HSP90B1/EGFR/PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- YuQiang Hu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Drum Tower Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, No.321, Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, XuZhou Central Hospital, (Xuzhou Clinical School of Nanjing Medical University), No.199, Jiefang South Roa, Xuzhou, 221009, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - ChenJie Yu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Drum Tower Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, No.321, Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - LiangJun Cheng
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, XuZhou Central Hospital, (Xuzhou Clinical School of Nanjing Medical University), No.199, Jiefang South Roa, Xuzhou, 221009, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chang Zhong
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, XuZhou Central Hospital, (Xuzhou Clinical School of Nanjing Medical University), No.199, Jiefang South Roa, Xuzhou, 221009, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun An
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, XuZhou Central Hospital, (Xuzhou Clinical School of Nanjing Medical University), No.199, Jiefang South Roa, Xuzhou, 221009, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - MingZhen Zou
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, XuZhou Central Hospital, (Xuzhou Clinical School of Nanjing Medical University), No.199, Jiefang South Roa, Xuzhou, 221009, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bing Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, XuZhou Central Hospital, (Xuzhou Clinical School of Nanjing Medical University), No.199, Jiefang South Roa, Xuzhou, 221009, Jiangsu, China.
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Xia Gao
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Drum Tower Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, No.321, Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China.
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Alvarez-Frutos L, Barriuso D, Duran M, Infante M, Kroemer G, Palacios-Ramirez R, Senovilla L. Multiomics insights on the onset, progression, and metastatic evolution of breast cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1292046. [PMID: 38169859 PMCID: PMC10758476 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1292046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common malignant neoplasm in women. Despite progress to date, 700,000 women worldwide died of this disease in 2020. Apparently, the prognostic markers currently used in the clinic are not sufficient to determine the most appropriate treatment. For this reason, great efforts have been made in recent years to identify new molecular biomarkers that will allow more precise and personalized therapeutic decisions in both primary and recurrent breast cancers. These molecular biomarkers include genetic and post-transcriptional alterations, changes in protein expression, as well as metabolic, immunological or microbial changes identified by multiple omics technologies (e.g., genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, glycomics, metabolomics, lipidomics, immunomics and microbiomics). This review summarizes studies based on omics analysis that have identified new biomarkers for diagnosis, patient stratification, differentiation between stages of tumor development (initiation, progression, and metastasis/recurrence), and their relevance for treatment selection. Furthermore, this review highlights the importance of clinical trials based on multiomics studies and the need to advance in this direction in order to establish personalized therapies and prolong disease-free survival of these patients in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Alvarez-Frutos
- Laboratory of Cell Stress and Immunosurveillance, Unidad de Excelencia Instituto de Biomedicina y Genética Molecular (IBGM), Universidad de Valladolid – Centro Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC), Valladolid, Spain
| | - Daniel Barriuso
- Laboratory of Cell Stress and Immunosurveillance, Unidad de Excelencia Instituto de Biomedicina y Genética Molecular (IBGM), Universidad de Valladolid – Centro Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC), Valladolid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Duran
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics of Hereditary Cancer, Unidad de Excelencia Instituto de Biomedicina y Genética Molecular (IBGM), Universidad de Valladolid – Centro Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC), Valladolid, Spain
| | - Mar Infante
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics of Hereditary Cancer, Unidad de Excelencia Instituto de Biomedicina y Genética Molecular (IBGM), Universidad de Valladolid – Centro Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC), Valladolid, Spain
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Department of Biology, Institut du Cancer Paris CARPEM, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France
| | - Roberto Palacios-Ramirez
- Laboratory of Cell Stress and Immunosurveillance, Unidad de Excelencia Instituto de Biomedicina y Genética Molecular (IBGM), Universidad de Valladolid – Centro Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC), Valladolid, Spain
| | - Laura Senovilla
- Laboratory of Cell Stress and Immunosurveillance, Unidad de Excelencia Instituto de Biomedicina y Genética Molecular (IBGM), Universidad de Valladolid – Centro Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC), Valladolid, Spain
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
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Fonseca Teixeira A, Wu S, Luwor R, Zhu HJ. A New Era of Integration between Multiomics and Spatio-Temporal Analysis for the Translation of EMT towards Clinical Applications in Cancer. Cells 2023; 12:2740. [PMID: 38067168 PMCID: PMC10706093 DOI: 10.3390/cells12232740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is crucial to metastasis by increasing cancer cell migration and invasion. At the cellular level, EMT-related morphological and functional changes are well established. At the molecular level, critical signaling pathways able to drive EMT have been described. Yet, the translation of EMT into efficient diagnostic methods and anti-metastatic therapies is still missing. This highlights a gap in our understanding of the precise mechanisms governing EMT. Here, we discuss evidence suggesting that overcoming this limitation requires the integration of multiple omics, a hitherto neglected strategy in the EMT field. More specifically, this work summarizes results that were independently obtained through epigenomics/transcriptomics while comprehensively reviewing the achievements of proteomics in cancer research. Additionally, we prospect gains to be obtained by applying spatio-temporal multiomics in the investigation of EMT-driven metastasis. Along with the development of more sensitive technologies, the integration of currently available omics, and a look at dynamic alterations that regulate EMT at the subcellular level will lead to a deeper understanding of this process. Further, considering the significance of EMT to cancer progression, this integrative strategy may enable the development of new and improved biomarkers and therapeutics capable of increasing the survival and quality of life of cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adilson Fonseca Teixeira
- Department of Surgery, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3050, Australia (S.W.); (R.L.)
- Huagene Institute, Kecheng Science and Technology Park, Pukou District, Nanjing 211800, China
| | - Siqi Wu
- Department of Surgery, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3050, Australia (S.W.); (R.L.)
- Huagene Institute, Kecheng Science and Technology Park, Pukou District, Nanjing 211800, China
| | - Rodney Luwor
- Department of Surgery, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3050, Australia (S.W.); (R.L.)
- Huagene Institute, Kecheng Science and Technology Park, Pukou District, Nanjing 211800, China
- Fiona Elsey Cancer Research Institute, Ballarat, VIC 3350, Australia
- Health, Innovation and Transformation Centre, Federation University, Ballarat, VIC 3350, Australia
| | - Hong-Jian Zhu
- Department of Surgery, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3050, Australia (S.W.); (R.L.)
- Huagene Institute, Kecheng Science and Technology Park, Pukou District, Nanjing 211800, China
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Pugh KW, Alnaed M, Brackett CM, Blagg BSJ. The biology and inhibition of glucose-regulated protein 94/gp96. Med Res Rev 2022; 42:2007-2024. [PMID: 35861260 PMCID: PMC10003671 DOI: 10.1002/med.21915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The 94 kDa molecular chaperone, glucose-regulated protein 94 (Grp94), has garnered interest during the last decade due to its direct association with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and disease. Grp94 belongs to the Hsp90 family of molecular chaperones and is a master regulator of ER homeostasis due to its ability to fold and stabilize proteins/receptors, and to chaperone misfolded proteins for degradation. Multiple studies have demonstrated that Grp94 knockdown or inhibition leads to the degradation of client protein substrates, which leads to disruption of disease-dependent signaling pathways. As a result, small molecule inhibitors of Grp94 have become a promising therapeutic approach to target a variety of disease states. Specifically, Grp94 has proven to be a promising target for cancer, glaucoma, immune-mediated inflammation, and viral infection. Moreover, Grp94-peptide complexes have been utilized effectively as adjuvants for vaccines against a variety of disease states. This work highlights the significance of Grp94 biology and the development of therapeutics that target this molecular chaperone in multiple disease states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyler W. Pugh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Warren Family Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - Marim Alnaed
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Warren Family Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - Christopher M. Brackett
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Warren Family Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - Brian S. J. Blagg
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Warren Family Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
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Transcription profiling of feline mammary carcinomas and derived cell lines reveals biomarkers and drug targets associated with metabolic and cell cycle pathways. Sci Rep 2022; 12:17025. [PMID: 36220861 PMCID: PMC9553959 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-20874-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The molecular heterogeneity of feline mammary carcinomas (FMCs) represents a prognostic and therapeutic challenge. RNA-Seq-based comparative transcriptomic profiling serves to identify recurrent and exclusive differentially expressed genes (DEGs) across sample types and molecular subtypes. Using mass-parallel RNA-Seq, we identified DEGs and performed comparative function-based analysis across 15 tumours (four basal-like triple-negative [TN], eight normal-like TN, and three luminal B fHER2 negative [LB fHER2-]), two cell lines (CL, TiHo-0906, and TiHo-1403) isolated from the primary tumours (LB fHER2-) of two cats included in this study, and 13 healthy mammary tissue controls. DEGs in tumours were predominantly upregulated; dysregulation of CLs transcriptome was more extensive, including mostly downregulated genes. Cell-cycle and metabolic-related DEGs were upregulated in both tumours and CLs, including therapeutically-targetable cell cycle regulators (e.g. CCNB1, CCNB2, CDK1, CDK4, GTSE1, MCM4, and MCM5), metabolic-related genes (e.g. FADS2 and SLC16A3), heat-shock proteins (e.g. HSPH1, HSP90B1, and HSPA5), genes controlling centrosome disjunction (e.g. RACGAP1 and NEK2), and collagen molecules (e.g. COL2A1). DEGs specifically upregulated in basal-like TN tumours were involved in antigen processing and presentation, in normal-like TN tumours encoded G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), and in LB fHER2- tumours were associated with lysosomes, phagosomes, and endosomes formation. Downregulated DEGs in CLs were associated with structural and signalling cell surface components. Hence, our results suggest that upregulation of genes enhancing proliferation and metabolism is a common feature among FMCs and derived CLs. In contrast, the dissimilarities observed in dysregulation of membrane components highlight CLs' disconnection with the tumour microenvironment. Furthermore, recurrent and exclusive DEGs associated with dysregulated pathways might be useful for the development of prognostically and therapeutically-relevant targeted panels.
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Liburkin-Dan T, Nir-Zvi I, Razon H, Kessler O, Neufeld G. Knock-Out of the Five Lysyl-Oxidase Family Genes Enables Identification of Lysyl-Oxidase Pro-Enzyme Regulated Genes. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911322. [PMID: 36232621 PMCID: PMC9570307 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The five lysyl-oxidase genes share similar enzymatic activities and contribute to tumor progression. We have knocked out the five lysyl-oxidase genes in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells using CRISPR/Cas9 in order to identify genes that are regulated by LOX but not by other lysyl-oxidases and in order to study such genes in more mechanistic detail in the future. Re-expression of the full-length cDNA encoding LOX identified four genes whose expression was downregulated in the knock-out cells and rescued following LOX re-expression but not re-expression of other lysyl-oxidases. These were the AGR2, STOX2, DNAJB11 and DNAJC3 genes. AGR2 and STOX2 were previously identified as promoters of tumor progression. In addition, we identified several genes that were not downregulated in the knock-out cells but were strongly upregulated following LOX or LOXL3 re-expression. Some of these, such as the DERL3 gene, also promote tumor progression. There was very little proteolytic processing of the re-expressed LOX pro-enzyme in the MDA-MB-231 cells, while in the HEK293 cells, the LOX pro-enzyme was efficiently cleaved. We introduced point mutations into the known BMP-1 and ADAMTS2/14 cleavage sites of LOX. The BMP-1 mutant was secreted but not cleaved, while the LOX double mutant dmutLOX was not cleaved or secreted. However, even in the presence of the irreversible LOX inhibitor β-aminoproprionitrile (BAPN), these point-mutated LOX variants induced the expression of these genes, suggesting that the LOX pro-enzyme has hitherto unrecognized biological functions.
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Breast cancer in the era of integrating “Omics” approaches. Oncogenesis 2022; 11:17. [PMID: 35422484 PMCID: PMC9010455 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-022-00393-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Worldwide, breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in women. Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease characterized by different clinical outcomes in terms of pathological features, response to therapies, and long-term patient survival. Thus, the heterogeneity found in this cancer led to the concept that breast cancer is not a single disease, being very heterogeneous both at the molecular and clinical level, and rather represents a group of distinct neoplastic diseases of the breast and its cells. Indubitably, in the past decades we witnessed a significant development of innovative therapeutic approaches, including targeted and immunotherapies, leading to impressive results in terms of increased survival for breast cancer patients. However, these multimodal treatments fail to prevent recurrence and metastasis. Therefore, it is urgent to improve our understanding of breast tumor and metastasis biology. Over the past few years, high-throughput “omics” technologies through the identification of novel biomarkers and molecular profiling have shown their great potential in generating new insights in the study of breast cancer, also improving diagnosis, prognosis and prediction of response to treatment. In this review, we discuss how the implementation of “omics” strategies and their integration may lead to a better comprehension of the mechanisms underlying breast cancer. In particular, with the aim to investigate the correlation between different “omics” datasets and to define the new important key pathway and upstream regulators in breast cancer, we applied a new integrative meta-analysis method to combine the results obtained from genomics, proteomics and metabolomics approaches in different revised studies.
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Meenakshi Sundaram DN, Kc RB, Uludağ H. Linoleic Acid-Substituted Polyethyleneimine to Silence Heat Shock Protein 90B1 (HSP90B1) to Inhibit Migration of Breast Cancer Cells. J Gene Med 2022; 24:e3419. [PMID: 35373897 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.3419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Breast cancer continues to be one of the leading causes of death in women and the lack of treatment options for distant metastasis warrants the need to identify and develop more effective approaches. The aim of this study was to identify and validate targets that are associated with the survival and migration of the breast cancer cells in vitro through RNA interference (RNAi) approach. METHODS Linoleic acid modified polyethylenimine (PEI) polymer was used to screen a siRNA library against numerous cell adhesion and cytoskeleton genes in MDA-MB-231 triple negative breast cell line and the functional outcome of silencing was determined by growth and migration inhibition with further target validation studies. RESULTS Heat shock protein 90B1 (HSP90B1) was identified as a crucial gene which is known to be involved in various breast cancer machineries, including uncontrolled proliferation and brain metastasis. The success of this approach was also due to the use of hyaluronic acid (HA) additive in lipopolymer complexes that showed a profound impact in reducing the cell viability (~50%), migration (~40%), and mRNA transcript levels (~80%) with a physiologically relevant siRNA concentration of 60 nM. The use of dicer-substrate siRNA proved to be beneficial in target silencing and a combinational treatment of integrin-β1 (ITGB1) and HSP90B1 was effective in reducing the migration of the MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-436 breast cancer cells. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated the potential to identify and silence targets using lipid modified PEI/siRNA system and highlight the importance of HSP90B1 in the growth and migration of breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Remant Bahadur Kc
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, U. of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Hasan Uludağ
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, U. of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, U. of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, U. of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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Gopinath P, Natarajan A, Sathyanarayanan A, Veluswami S, Gopisetty G. The multifaceted role of Matricellular Proteins in health and cancer, as biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Gene 2022; 815:146137. [PMID: 35007686 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2021.146137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is composed of a mesh of proteins, proteoglycans, growth factors, and other secretory components. It constitutes the tumor microenvironment along with the endothelial cells, cancer-associated fibroblasts, adipocytes, and immune cells. The proteins of ECM can be functionally classified as adhesive proteins and matricellular proteins (MCP). In the tumor milieu, the ECM plays a major role in tumorigenesis and therapeutic resistance. The current review encompasses thrombospondins, osteonectin, osteopontin, tenascin C, periostin, the CCN family, laminin, biglycan, decorin, mimecan, and galectins. The matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are also discussed as they are an integral part of the ECM with versatile functions in the tumor stroma. In this review, the role of these proteins in tumor initiation, growth, invasion and metastasis have been highlighted, with emphasis on their contribution to tumor therapeutic resistance. Further, their potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets based on existing evidence are discussed. Owing to the recent advancements in protein targeting, the possibility of agents to modulate MCPs in cancer as therapeutic options are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prarthana Gopinath
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute WIA, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Aparna Natarajan
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute WIA, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Sridevi Veluswami
- Deaprtment of Surgical Oncology, Cancer Institute (WIA), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Gopal Gopisetty
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute WIA, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Gwili N, Jones SJ, Amri WA, Carr IM, Harris S, Hogan BV, Hughes WE, Kim B, Langlands FE, Millican-Slater RA, Pramanik A, Thorne JL, Verghese ET, Wells G, Hamza M, Younis L, El Deeb NMF, Hughes TA. Transcriptome profiles of stem-like cells from primary breast cancers allow identification of ITGA7 as a predictive marker of chemotherapy response. Br J Cancer 2021; 125:983-993. [PMID: 34253873 PMCID: PMC8476506 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-021-01484-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) are drivers of therapy-resistance, therefore are responsible for poor survival. Molecular signatures of BCSCs from primary cancers remain undefined. Here, we identify the consistent transcriptome of primary BCSCs shared across breast cancer subtypes, and we examine the clinical relevance of ITGA7, one of the genes differentially expressed in BCSCs. METHODS Primary BCSCs were assessed using immunohistochemistry and fluorescently labelled using Aldefluor (n = 17). Transcriptomes of fluorescently sorted BCSCs and matched non-stem cancer cells were determined using RNA-seq (n = 6). ITGA7 expression was examined in breast cancers using immunohistochemistry (n = 305), and its functional role was tested using siRNA in breast cancer cells. RESULTS Proportions of BCSCs varied from 0 to 9.4%. 38 genes were significantly differentially expressed in BCSCs; genes were enriched for functions in vessel morphogenesis, motility, and metabolism. ITGA7 was found to be significantly downregulated in BCSCs, and low expression significantly correlated with reduced survival in patients treated with chemotherapy, and with chemoresistance in breast cancer cells in vitro. CONCLUSIONS This study is the first to define the molecular profile of BCSCs from a range of primary breast cancers. ITGA7 acts as a predictive marker for chemotherapy response, in accordance with its downregulation in BCSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noha Gwili
- grid.9909.90000 0004 1936 8403School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK ,grid.7155.60000 0001 2260 6941Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Stacey J. Jones
- grid.9909.90000 0004 1936 8403School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK ,grid.415967.80000 0000 9965 1030Department of Breast Surgery, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Waleed Al Amri
- grid.416132.30000 0004 1772 5665Department of Histopathology and Cytopathology, The Royal Hospital, Muscat, Oman
| | - Ian M. Carr
- grid.9909.90000 0004 1936 8403School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Sarah Harris
- grid.9909.90000 0004 1936 8403School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Brian V. Hogan
- grid.415967.80000 0000 9965 1030Department of Breast Surgery, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - William E. Hughes
- grid.414235.50000 0004 0619 2154Children’s Medical Research Institute, Westmead, NSW Australia ,grid.1005.40000 0004 4902 0432St. Vincent’s Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Baek Kim
- grid.415967.80000 0000 9965 1030Department of Breast Surgery, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Fiona E. Langlands
- Department of Breast Surgery, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Bradford, UK
| | | | - Arindam Pramanik
- grid.9909.90000 0004 1936 8403School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - James L. Thorne
- grid.9909.90000 0004 1936 8403School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Eldo T. Verghese
- grid.443984.6Department of Histopathology, St. James’s University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Geoff Wells
- grid.83440.3b0000000121901201School of Pharmacy, University College London, London, UK
| | - Mervat Hamza
- grid.7155.60000 0001 2260 6941Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Layla Younis
- grid.7155.60000 0001 2260 6941Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Nevine M. F. El Deeb
- grid.7155.60000 0001 2260 6941Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Thomas A. Hughes
- grid.9909.90000 0004 1936 8403School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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11
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Ayvacı H, Koç N, Tarhan N, Aydın GA, Demirci O. Decorin expression in tubal ectopic and intrauterine pregnancies. J Gynecol Obstet Hum Reprod 2021; 50:102213. [PMID: 34469778 DOI: 10.1016/j.jogoh.2021.102213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Decorin is a leucine-rich proteoglycan, affects the proliferation, migration, and invasion of extravillous trophoblasts (EVTs). In this study, we aimed to determine the localization of decorin in the implantation site in human tubal ectopic pregnancy, to compare decorin expression levels in ectopic and intrauterine pregnancy, and to investigate the relationship between implantation depth of the tubal wall and expression levels of decorin. METHODS 15 patients underwent salpingectomy for tubal ectopic pregnancy and 15 underwent curettage for voluntary interruption of pregnancy were included. All blocks were stained with decorin immunohistochemical staining. Trophoblastic cells of tubal Stage I-III and tubal epithelial and stromal cells were analyzed in terms of presence and intensity of decorin staining. RESULTS Decorin was expressed in both tubal and intrauterine trophoblasts, stroma, and surface epithelium during the first trimester of pregnancy. Decorin staining intensity was significantly lower in the villous cytotrophoblasts and syncytiotrophoblasts in tubal ectopic pregnancies, compared to intrauterine pregnancies (p = 0.001 for both). Decorin staining intensity also significantly lower in the extravillous cytotrophoblasts and syncytiotrophoblasts in the tubal ectopic pregnancies (p = 0.002 and p = 0.001, respectively). There was no significant difference in the staining intensity of the trophoblasts and surface epithelial between Stage II and Stage III tubal invasion; however, the decorin expression was lower in the stroma in Stage III (p = 0.094). CONCLUSION Decorin expression is significantly lower in trophoblastic cells of tubal ectopic pregnancies than the intrauterine pregnancies. Although it remains limited to explain the underlying cellular mechanisms, decorin seems to play a role in the development of tubal pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habibe Ayvacı
- Zeynep Kamil Women's and Children's Disease Training and Research Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Nermin Koç
- Haydarpaşa Numune Training and Research Hospital, Department of Pathology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nazan Tarhan
- Zeynep Kamil Women's and Children's Disease Training and Research Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Oya Demirci
- Zeynep Kamil Women's and Children's Disease Training and Research Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Istanbul, Turkey
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12
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Husain H, Waseem M, Ahmad R. Proteomic and molecular evidences of Il1rl2, Ric8a, Krt18 and Hsp90b1 modulation during experimental hepatic fibrosis and pomegranate supplementation. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 185:696-707. [PMID: 34174316 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.06.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The inspection of variations in the proteomic aspects conspire the biomarker discovery in diagnostics of peculiar diseases. Recent developments in high-throughput proteomic techniques have provided leverage in the discovery of biomarkers during the etiology of various diseases. We identified potential biomarkers by utilizing proteomics, bioinformatics and gene expression studies. Meticulous assessment of collagen and hydroxyproline levels along with the glycogen and protein carbonyl levels exhibited deterioration in the N' - Nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA) administered rat livers and subsequent salubrious effect of pomegranate juice. The immunohistochemical inspection of iNOS and nitrite estimation indicated the peccant fibrotic alterations. 2D proteome profiling and MALDI-TOF MS/MS furthered the significant biomarkers to be analyzed for the gene ontology by PANTHER, cluster analysis by DAVID and network simulation by STRING 10.0. Several genes found relevant after MALDI analysis were evaluated by real-time PCR (RTPCR). Our data revealed CYP2b15, HSP70, TRFE, HPT, Il1rl2, Ric8a, Krt18, Hsp90b1 and iNOS as novel biomarkers for the mechanism of pomegranate against liver fibrosis. It can be inferred that NDEA-induced liver fibrosis actuates various biological pathways by the identified biomarkers and pomegranate juice modifies them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadiya Husain
- Section of Genetics, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, U.P, India
| | - Mohammad Waseem
- Department of Biochemistry, King George Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Riaz Ahmad
- Section of Genetics, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, U.P, India.
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13
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Singh P, Kumari M, Bal A, Srinivasan R, Ghosh S. Heat shock protein 60 is a disease-associated sialoglycoprotein in human non-small cell lung cancer. Biol Chem 2021; 401:969-983. [PMID: 32049642 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2019-0352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The diagnostic and therapeutic potential of Maackia amurensis agglutinin (MAA) have been reported in various malignancies. Earlier, we have found that MAA specifically interacted with human non-small cell lung-cancer (NSCLC) cells and induced apoptosis in these cells. The present study was designed to identify M. amurensis leukoagglutinin (MAL-I, one of the components of MAA, having the same carbohydrate specificity as MAA) interacting membrane sialoglycoprotein(s) of two subtypes of human NSCLC cell lines. Nine proteins were identified using two-dimensional (2D)-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) followed by MAL-I-overlay transblotting and matrix assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS). Among these proteins, HSP60 was selected for further characterization. The sialoglycoprotein nature of membrane-HSP60 of NSCLC cell lines was confirmed by its reduced reactivity with MAL-I in Western blots in the presence of GM2 and by dual staining of the cell lines with MAL-I and HSP60-antibody. These findings were further substantiated by enzymatic analysis of membrane-HSP60 as well as in-silico evidence regarding this protein. Our observations were validated by immunohistochemical analysis of both subtypes of NSCLC tissue sections. Membrane-HSP60 was found to be involved in the inhibition of MAL-I-induced morphological alteration of NSCLC cells and also in the proliferation and migration of these cells, indicating the probable role of sialylated membrane-HSP60 in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praveen Singh
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, PGIMER, Chandigarh 160012, India
| | - Munmun Kumari
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, PGIMER, Chandigarh 160012, India
| | - Amanjit Bal
- Department of Histopathology, PGIMER, Chandigarh 160012, India
| | - Radhika Srinivasan
- Department of Cytology and Gynecological Pathology, PGIMER, Chandigarh 160012, India
| | - Sujata Ghosh
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, PGIMER, Chandigarh 160012, India
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14
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Alsaeed SA, Toss M, Alsaleem M, Aleskandarany M, Joseph C, Kurozumi S, Ball G, Mongan N, Green A, Rakha E. Prognostic significance of heat shock protein 90AA1 (HSP90α) in invasive breast cancer. J Clin Pathol 2021; 75:263-269. [PMID: 33766957 DOI: 10.1136/jclinpath-2020-207106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The mechanisms that drive breast cancer (BC) progression and poor outcome are not fully understood. The human heat shock protein 90 alpha family class A member 1 (HSP90α) encoded by the HSP90ΑA1 gene has a vital role in cellular responses to stress and is implicated in the development and progression of many cancers. The current study aims to explore the clinical and prognostic importance of HSP90α in BC. METHODS The Molecular Taxonomy of Breast Cancer International Consortium (n=1980); The Cancer Genome Atlas (n=1097) and the Breast Cancer Gene-Expression Miner (Bc-GenExMiner) BC datasets (n=5056) were used to evaluate HSP90ΑA1 mRNA expression. HSP90α protein expression was further assessed using immunohistochemistry in a large (n=911) well-characterised BC series. The association between mRNA and protein expressions with other clinicopathological parameters and outcome was analysed. RESULTS High expression of HSP90ΑA1 both at the mRNA and protein levels was significantly associated with characteristics of BC poor prognosis, including high grade, lymphovascular invasion, poor Nottingham Prognostic Index and positive expression of p53 and PIK3CA. Outcome analysis revealed that high HSP90α protein expression is an independent predictor of shorter BC-specific survival. CONCLUSION HSP90α can be used as a potential prognostic marker in BC. Further mechanistic studies are warranted to determine the underlying molecular mechanisms mediated by HSP90α in BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sami A Alsaeed
- Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK .,Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia
| | - Michael Toss
- Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Mansour Alsaleem
- Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.,Department of Applied Medical Sciences, Onizah Community College, Qassim University, Qassim, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Aleskandarany
- Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Chitra Joseph
- School of Medicine,The University of Nottingham and Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham City Hospital, Nottingham, UK
| | - Sasagu Kurozumi
- Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.,Department of Breast Surgery, International University of Health and Welfare, Narita, Japan
| | - Graham Ball
- John van Geest Cancer Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, Notts, UK
| | - Nigel Mongan
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.,Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Andrew Green
- Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Emad Rakha
- Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.,Faculty of Medicine, Menoufyia University, Shebin al Kawm, Egypt
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15
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Chan PF, Ang KP, Hamid RA. A bismuth diethyldithiocarbamate compound induced apoptosis via mitochondria-dependent pathway and suppressed invasion in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Biometals 2021; 34:365-391. [PMID: 33555494 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-021-00286-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Interest in bismuth(III) dithiocarbamate complexes as potential drug candidates is increasing due to their low toxicity compared to other group 15 elements (pnictogen) of the periodic table. Bismuth dithiocarbamate compounds have been reported to induce greater cytotoxicity in various human carcinoma cancer cell lines. Using various in vitro cancer-related assays, we investigated the antiproliferative activity of bismuth diethyldithiocarbamate, denoted as 1, against the MCF-7 human breast adenocarcinoma cell line and the effect on genes that may be involved in antiproliferation, apoptosis, DNA fragmentation, invasion and polyubiquitination functions. In general, 1 exhibited high cytotoxicity in MCF-7 cells, with an IC50 of 1.26 ± 0.02 µM, by inducing the intrinsic apoptotic pathway, as ascertained by measurements of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), caspase activity, the amount of cytochrome c released and the extent of DNA fragmentation and by staining assays that reveal apoptotic cells. In addition, 1 significantly attenuated cell invasion and modulated several cancer-related genes, including PLK2, FIGF, FLT4, PARP4, and HDAC11, as determined via gene expression analysis. The NF-κB signaling pathway was inhibited by 1 upon the activation of Lys48- and Lys63-linked polyubiquitination, thus leading to its degradation via the proteasome. Overall, 1 has the potential to act as an antiproliferative agent and a proteasome inhibitor in estrogen-positive breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pit Foong Chan
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Kok Pian Ang
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Roslida Abd Hamid
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
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16
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Heat Shock Protein 90 Family Isoforms as Prognostic Biomarkers and Their Correlations with Immune Infiltration in Breast Cancer. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:2148253. [PMID: 33145341 PMCID: PMC7596464 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2148253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Background The heat shock protein 90 (HSP90s) family is composed of molecular chaperones composed of four isoforms in humans, which has been widely reported as unregulated in various kinds of cancers. Nevertheless, the role of each HSP90s isoform in prognosis and immune infiltration in distinct subtypes of breast cancer (BRAC) remains unclear. Methods Public online databases including the Oncomine, UALCAN, Kaplan-Meier Plotter, Tumor IMmune Estimation Resource (TIMER), Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA), GeneMANIA, and Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) were integrated to perform bioinformatic analyses and to explore the possible associations among HSP90s gene expression, prognosis, and immune infiltration in BRAC. Results The mRNA expression of all HSP90s members was elevated in distinct clinical stages and subtypes of BRAC, compared with the normal breast tissue (P < 0.05). Overexpressed HSP90AA1 was associated with poor prognosis, particularly, both short overall survival (OS) and release-free survival (RFS) in Basal-like BRAC patients; overexpressed HSP90AB1 and HSP90B1 were both associated with poor RFS in Luminal A BRAC patients, while overexpressed TRAP1 was associated with favorable RFS in Luminal A BRAC patients. Moreover, HSP90s gene expression in BRAC showed correlations with the infiltration of CD8+ T cells, neutrophils, macrophages, and dendritic cells (DCs), as well as the activation of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), DCs, and CD4+ helper T (Th) cells. The underlying mechanisms of HSP90s modulating tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TIICs) might be related with their functions in antigen processing and presentation, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) binding, and assisting client proteins. Conclusion This study demonstrated that HSP90s family genes were overexpressed and might be serve as prognostic biomarkers in subtypes of BRAC. It might be a novel breakthrough point of BRAC treatment to regulate immune infiltration in BRAC microenvironment for more effective anticancer immunity through pharmacological intervention of HSP90s.
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17
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Yang J, Bahcecioglu G, Zorlutuna P. The Extracellular Matrix and Vesicles Modulate the Breast Tumor Microenvironment. Bioengineering (Basel) 2020; 7:E124. [PMID: 33050609 PMCID: PMC7712041 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering7040124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence has shown multiple roles of the tumor microenvironment (TME) components, specifically the extracellular matrix (ECM), in breast cancer development, progression, and metastasis. Aside from the biophysical properties and biochemical composition of the breast ECM, the signaling molecules are extremely important in maintaining homeostasis, and in the breast TME, they serve as the key components that facilitate tumor progression and immune evasion. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), the mediators that convey messages between the cells and their microenvironment through signaling molecules, have just started to capture attention in breast cancer research. In this comprehensive review, we first provide an overview of the impact of ECM in breast cancer progression as well as the alterations occurring in the TME during this process. The critical importance of EVs and their biomolecular contents in breast cancer progression and metastasis are also discussed. Finally, we discuss the potential biomedical or clinical applications of these extracellular components, as well as how they impact treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA;
| | - Gokhan Bahcecioglu
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA;
| | - Pinar Zorlutuna
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA;
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA;
- Bioengineering Graduate Program, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
- Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
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18
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G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 (GPER-1) and agonist G-1 inhibit growth of ovarian cancer cells by activation of anti-tumoral transcriptome responses: impact of GPER-1 mRNA on survival. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2020; 146:3175-3188. [PMID: 32813115 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-020-03333-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The present study intended to further elucidate the role of G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 (GPER-1) in ovarian cancer by comparing the effects of a GPER-1 knockdown and treatment with its agonist G-1 on cell growth, apoptosis, and the transcriptome of two ovarian cancer cell lines. Furthermore, the role of GPER-1 in ovarian cancer survival was examined. METHODS GPER-1 expression in OVCAR-3 and OAW-42 ovarian cancer cells was knocked down by RNAi. The effects on cell growth were measured by means of the fluorimetric cell titer blue assay and on the transcriptome by Affymetrix GeneChip analysis. The effect of GPER-1 on patient's survival was examined using open source mRNA and clinical data of 1657 ovarian cancer patients. RESULTS GPER-1 knockdown resulted in a significant growth stimulation of both cell lines, whereas treatment with agonist G-1 decreased growth of both cell lines in a dose-dependent manner. Transcriptome analyses revealed a set of 18 genes being conversely regulated after GPER-1 knockdown and G-1 treatment. Generally, treatment with G-1 led to a transcriptome response associated with growth inhibition. In contrast, knockdown of GPER-1 exerted opposite effects, stimulating pathways activating mitosis, but inhibiting pathways associated with apoptosis or interferon signaling. Further analyses using open-access mRNA and clinical data by bioinformatical online tools revealed a longer OS (HR = 0.86, p = 0.057) and PFS (HR = 0.81, p = 0.0035) of ovarian cancer patients with high GPER-1 mRNA expression. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study clearly support the hypothesis that GPER-1 acts as a tumor suppressor in ovarian cancer.
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The Protective Role of Decorin in Hepatic Metastasis of Colorectal Carcinoma. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10081199. [PMID: 32824864 PMCID: PMC7465536 DOI: 10.3390/biom10081199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Decorin, the prototype member of the small leucine-rich proteoglycan gene family of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, acts as a powerful tumor suppressor by inducing the p21Waf1/Cip1 cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, as well as through its ability to directly bind and block the action of several tyrosine kinase receptors. Our previous studies suggested that the lack of decorin promotes hepatic carcinogenesis in mice. Based on this, we set out to investigate whether excess decorin may protect against the liver metastases of colon carcinoma. We also analyzed the effect of decorin in tissue microarrays of human colon carcinoma liver metastasis and examined whether the tumor cells can directly influence the decorin production of myofibroblasts. In humans, low levels of decorin in the liver facilitated the development of colon carcinoma metastases in proportion with more aggressive phenotypes, indicating a possible antitumor action of the proteoglycan. In vitro, colon carcinoma cells inhibited decorin expression in LX2 hepatic stellate cells. Moreover, liver-targeted decorin delivery in mice effectively attenuated metastasis formation of colon cancer. Overexpressed decorin reduced the activity of multiple receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) including the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), an important player in colorectal cancer (CRC) pathogenesis. Downstream of that, we observed weakened signaling of ERK1/2, PLCγ, Akt/mTOR, STAT and c-Jun pathways, while p38 MAPK/MSK/CREB and AMPK were upregulated culminating in enhanced p53 function. In conclusion, decorin may effectively inhibit metastatic tumor formation in the liver.
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20
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Szczubiał M, Kankofer M, Wawrzykowski J, Dąbrowski R, Łopuszyński W, Bochniarz M, Brodzki P. Decorin concentrations in canine normal and neoplastic mammary gland tissues. Reprod Domest Anim 2020; 55:1404-1410. [PMID: 33470009 DOI: 10.1111/rda.13788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, the concentration of decorin in canine normal and neoplastic mammary gland tissues was examined to understand the potential role of decorin in development and progression of canine mammary tumours. The homogenates of 48 mammary gland tumours (10 benign and 38 malignant) and 10 samples of normal canine mammary gland tissue were used in the study. The presence and quantification of decorin was examined in the homogenates using Western blot and specific canine ELISA. Western blotting confirmed the presence of decorin both in the normal mammary gland tissues and in the mammary gland tumours. The concentration of decorin was significantly higher (p < .05) in the benign tumours and non-metastatic malignant tumours than in the normal mammary gland. The concentration of decorin was significantly lower (p < .05) in the malignant tumours with metastasis to regional lymph nodes compared with benign tumours and non-metastatic malignant tumours. No significant differences were found in the level of decorin between the benign and the non-metastatic malignant tumours. Both the histological type of malignant tumours and the histological grade did not significantly affect the concentration of decorin. These findings suggest that neoplastic transformation in the canine mammary gland leads to increase in the decorin protein synthesis. The reducing decorin concentration in canine malignant mammary tumours appears to facilitate the metastatic spread of these tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Szczubiał
- Department and Clinic of Animal Reproduction, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Marta Kankofer
- Department of Animal Biochemistry, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Jacek Wawrzykowski
- Department of Animal Biochemistry, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Roman Dąbrowski
- Department and Clinic of Animal Reproduction, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Wojciech Łopuszyński
- Sub-Department of Pathomorphology and Forensic Veterinary Medicine, Department and Clinic of Animal Internal Diseases, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Mariola Bochniarz
- Department and Clinic of Animal Reproduction, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Piotr Brodzki
- Department and Clinic of Animal Reproduction, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin, Poland
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21
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Wicker CA, Takiar V, Suganya R, Arnold SM, Brill YM, Chen L, Horbinski CM, Napier D, Valentino J, Kudrimoti MR, Yu G, Izumi T. Evaluation of antioxidant network proteins as novel prognostic biomarkers for head and neck cancer patients. Oral Oncol 2020; 111:104949. [PMID: 32801084 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2020.104949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Recurrence rates for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) approach 50% at 5 years. Current staging fails to identify patients with a worse prognosis who might benefit from intensified treatment, which warrants improved prognostic biomarkers. The purpose of this retrospective case study is to identify potential prognostic biomarkers in patients with HNSCC including APE1 (DNA repair/redox gene regulator), NRF2 and PPARGC1A (redox gene regulators), SOD3 and DCN (antioxidant proteins). MATERIALS AND METHODS Differential protein expression between benign, carcinoma in situ (CIS), and invasive HNSCC tissue specimens from 77 patients was assessed using immunohistochemistry. Protein expression was analyzed with multivariate, pair-wise, and Kaplan-Meier survival analyses to identify potential prognostic biomarkers. Utilizing The Cancer Genome Atlas's transcriptome database, pair-wise and survival analysis was performed to identify potential prognostic biomarkers. RESULTS APE1, NRF2, PPARGC1A, SOD3, and DCN expression in HNSCC in relation to, lymph node invasion, and patient survival were examined. Elevated APE1 protein expression in CIS corresponded with reduced survival (p = 0.0243). Increased APE1 gene expression in stage T4a HNSCC was associated with reduced patient survival (p < 0.015). Increased PPARGC1A in invasive tumor correlated with reduced survival (p = 0.0281). Patients with lymph node invasion at diagnosis had significantly increased APE1 protein in the primary sites (p < 0.05). Patients with poorly differentiated invasive tumors had reduced PPARGC1A in CIS proximal to the invasive tumor and had elevated DCN and SOD3 in proximal benign tissue (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The expression of APE1, DCN, and SOD3 is a potential prognostic signature that identifies patients with worsened survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina A Wicker
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Vinita Takiar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Rangaswamy Suganya
- Houston Eye Associates, Clinical Research Department, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Susanne M Arnold
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States; Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Yolanda M Brill
- Department of Pathology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States; Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Craig M Horbinski
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Dana Napier
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Joseph Valentino
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Mahesh R Kudrimoti
- Department of Radiation Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Guoqiang Yu
- F. Joseph Halcomb III M.D. Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Tadahide Izumi
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States.
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Wei LY, Zhang XJ, Wang L, Hu LN, Zhang XD, Li L, Gao JN. A Six-Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Gene Signature May Predict Metastasis of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:6497-6509. [PMID: 32753890 PMCID: PMC7342558 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s256818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Pathological complete response (pCR) to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) is associated with favourable outcomes of patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). However, a proportion of TNBC patients with the residual disease do not relapse and achieve long-term survival. The aim of this study was to identify biomarkers that predict clinical outcomes in these patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS A retrospective series of 10 TNBC patients who displayed non-pCR to NACT were included in the discovery cohort. Total RNA from pre-NACT core biopsies and paired surgical specimens were subjected to the Affymetrix Human Transcriptome Array. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was used to identify signal pathways and gene signatures associated with metastasis. The Cox proportional hazard model and Kaplan-Meier survival curves were employed to assess the prognostic value of the identified signature in two independent TNBC datasets included in Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). RESULTS The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) pathway was markedly more enriched in pre- (NES = 1.92; p.adjust = 0.019) and post-NACT samples (NES = 2.02; p.adjust = 0.010) from patients who developed metastasis after NACT. A subset of 6 EMT genes including LUM, SFRP4, COL6A3, MMP2, CXCL12, and HTRA1 were expressed constantly at higher levels in samples from patients who progressed to metastatic disease. The potential of the 6-EMT gene signature to predict TNBC metastasis after NACT was validated with a GEO dataset (HR=0.36, p=0.0008, 95% CI: 0.200-0.658). Moreover, the signature appeared of predictive value in another GEO dataset of TNBC patients who received surgery followed by adjuvant chemotherapy (HR = 0.46, 95% CI: 0.225-0.937). CONCLUSION Expression analysis of the 6-EMT gene signature at diagnosis may be of predictive value for metastasis in TNCB patients who did not achieve pCR to NACT and for patients treated with surgery in combination with adjuvant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yuan Wei
- Department of Breast Surgery, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Taiyuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao Jun Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Taiyuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Wang
- School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Henan450053, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Na Hu
- Department of Pathology, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Taiyuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xu Dong Zhang
- Translational Research Institute, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Henan450053, People’s Republic of China
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Li Li
- Department of Pathology, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Taiyuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jin Nan Gao
- Department of Breast Surgery, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Taiyuan, People’s Republic of China
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23
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Yamauchi M, Gibbons DL, Zong C, Fradette JJ, Bota-Rabassedas N, Kurie JM. Fibroblast heterogeneity and its impact on extracellular matrix and immune landscape remodeling in cancer. Matrix Biol 2020; 91-92:8-18. [PMID: 32442601 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2020.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Tumor progression is marked by dense collagenous matrix accumulations that dynamically reorganize to accommodate a growing and invasive tumor mass. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play an essential role in matrix remodeling and influence other processes in the tumor microenvironment, including angiogenesis, immunosuppression, and invasion. These findings have spawned efforts to elucidate CAF functionality at the single-cell level. Here, we will discuss how those efforts have impacted our understanding of the ways in which CAFs govern matrix remodeling and the influence of matrix remodeling on the development of an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuo Yamauchi
- Division of Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NS, United States
| | - Don L Gibbons
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas - MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Chenghang Zong
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Jared J Fradette
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas - MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Neus Bota-Rabassedas
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas - MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Jonathan M Kurie
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas - MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States.
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24
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Rezaie R, Falakian Z, Mazloomzadeh S, Ayati M, Morakabati A, Teimouri Dastjerdan MR, Zare M, Moghimi M, Shahani T, Biglari A. While Urine and Plasma Decorin Remain Unchanged in Prostate Cancer, Prostatic Tissue Decorin Has a Prognostic Value. IRANIAN BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL 2020; 24:229-35. [PMID: 32306717 DOI: 10.29252/ibj.24.4.229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Background Numerous studies confirmed that significant decrease in tissue decorin (DCN) expression is associated to tumor progression and metastasis in certain types of cancer including prostate cancer (PC). However, the potential prognostic value of tissue DCN in PC has not yet been investigated. Methods A total number of 40 PC and 42 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) were investigated for the expression levels of DCN in their prostatic tissues using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemical analyses. Urinary and plasma DCN levels were also measured by ELISA. Results Despite no significant changes in the mean of urine and plasma DCN concentrations between the two study groups, tissue DCN mRNA was found to be 5.5fold lower in cancer than BPH (p = 0.0001). Similarly, the stained DCN levels appeared significantly lower in cancer patients with higher Gleason Scores (8 and 9, n = 6) than those with lower Gleason Scores (6 and 7, n = 26), with a p value of 0.049. Conclusion Here, we report, for the first time, that urine and plasma DCN does not seem to have a diagnostic value in PC, while tissue DCN could potentially be used as a prognostic marker in PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razie Rezaie
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences (ZUMS), Zanjan 45139-56111, Iran.,Cancer Gene Therapy Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences (ZUMS), Zanjan 45139-56111, Iran
| | - Zeinab Falakian
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences (ZUMS), Zanjan 45139-56111, Iran.,Cancer Gene Therapy Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences (ZUMS), Zanjan 45139-56111, Iran
| | - Saeideh Mazloomzadeh
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences (ZUMS), Zanjan 45139-56111, Iran
| | - Mohsen Ayati
- Uro-Oncology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran 1419733141, Iran
| | - Arman Morakabati
- Molecular Pathology Department of Mehr General Hospital, Tehran 1415755411, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Zare
- Molecular Pathology Department of 17-Shahrivar General Hospital, Mashhad 91746, Iran
| | - Minoosh Moghimi
- Department of Hemathology Onchology, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences (ZUMS), Zanjan 45139-56111, Iran
| | - Tina Shahani
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences (ZUMS), Zanjan 45139-56111, Iran.,Cancer Gene Therapy Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences (ZUMS), Zanjan 45139-56111, Iran
| | - Alireza Biglari
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences (ZUMS), Zanjan 45139-56111, Iran.,Cancer Gene Therapy Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences (ZUMS), Zanjan 45139-56111, Iran
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25
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Moffett JR, Arun P, Puthillathu N, Vengilote R, Ives JA, Badawy AAB, Namboodiri AM. Quinolinate as a Marker for Kynurenine Metabolite Formation and the Unresolved Question of NAD + Synthesis During Inflammation and Infection. Front Immunol 2020; 11:31. [PMID: 32153556 PMCID: PMC7047773 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Quinolinate (Quin) is a classic example of a biochemical double-edged sword, acting as both essential metabolite and potent neurotoxin. Quin is an important metabolite in the kynurenine pathway of tryptophan catabolism leading to the de novo synthesis of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+). As a precursor for NAD+, Quin can direct a portion of tryptophan catabolism toward replenishing cellular NAD+ levels in response to inflammation and infection. Intracellular Quin levels increase dramatically in response to immune stimulation [e.g., lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or pokeweed mitogen (PWM)] in macrophages, microglia, dendritic cells, and other cells of the immune system. NAD+ serves numerous functions including energy production, the poly ADP ribose polymerization (PARP) reaction involved in DNA repair, and the activity of various enzymes such as the NAD+-dependent deacetylases known as sirtuins. We used highly specific antibodies to protein-coupled Quin to delineate cells that accumulate Quin as a key aspect of the response to immune stimulation and infection. Here, we describe Quin staining in the brain, spleen, and liver after LPS administration to the brain or systemic PWM administration. Quin expression was strong in immune cells in the periphery after both treatments, whereas very limited Quin expression was observed in the brain even after direct LPS injection. Immunoreactive cells exhibited diverse morphology ranging from foam cells to cells with membrane extensions related to cell motility. We also examined protein expression changes in the spleen after kynurenine administration. Acute (8 h) and prolonged (48 h) kynurenine administration led to significant changes in protein expression in the spleen, including multiple changes involved with cytoskeletal rearrangements associated with cell motility. Kynurenine administration resulted in several expression level changes in proteins associated with heat shock protein 90 (HSP90), a chaperone for the aryl-hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), which is the primary kynurenine metabolite receptor. We propose that cells with high levels of Quin are those that are currently releasing kynurenine pathway metabolites as well as accumulating Quin for sustained NAD+ synthesis from tryptophan. Further, we propose that the kynurenine pathway may be linked to the regulation of cell motility in immune and cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- John R. Moffett
- Departments of Anatomy, Physiology and Genetics and Neuroscience Program, Uniformed Services University Medical School, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Peethambaran Arun
- Departments of Anatomy, Physiology and Genetics and Neuroscience Program, Uniformed Services University Medical School, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Narayanan Puthillathu
- Departments of Anatomy, Physiology and Genetics and Neuroscience Program, Uniformed Services University Medical School, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Ranjini Vengilote
- Departments of Anatomy, Physiology and Genetics and Neuroscience Program, Uniformed Services University Medical School, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - John A. Ives
- The Center for Brain, Mind, and Healing, Samueli Institute, Alexandria, VA, United States
| | | | - Aryan M. Namboodiri
- Departments of Anatomy, Physiology and Genetics and Neuroscience Program, Uniformed Services University Medical School, Bethesda, MD, United States
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26
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Zhang Z, He T, Huang L, Ouyang Y, Li J, Huang Y, Wang P, Ding J. Two precision medicine predictive tools for six malignant solid tumors: from gene-based research to clinical application. J Transl Med 2019; 17:405. [PMID: 31796117 PMCID: PMC6891961 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-019-02151-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The current study aimed to construct competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) regulation network and develop two precision medicine predictive tools for colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods Differentially expressed (DE) analyses were performed between CRC tissues and normal tissues. A ceRNA regulation network was constructed based on DElncRNAs, DEmiRNAs, and DEmRNAs. Results Fifteen mRNAs (ENDOU, MFN2, FASLG, SHOC2, VEGFA, ZFPM2, HOXC6, KLK10, DDIT4, LPGAT1, BEX4, DENND5B, PHF20L1, HSP90B1, and PSPC1) were identified as prognostic biomarkers for CRC by multivariate Cox regression. Then a Fifteen-mRNA signature was developed to predict overall survival for CRC patients. Concordance indexes were 0.817, 0.838, and 0.825 for 1-, 2- and 3-year overall survival. Patients with high risk scores have worse OS compared with patients with low risk scores. Conclusion The current study provided deeper understanding of prognosis-related ceRNA regulatory network for CRC. Two precision medicine predictive tools named Smart Cancer Survival Predictive System and Gene Survival Analysis Screen System were constructed for CRC. These two precision medicine predictive tools can provide valuable precious individual mortality risk prediction before surgery and improve the individualized treatment decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiao Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1 Jiazi Road, Lunjiao, Shunde District, Foshan, 528308, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Tingshan He
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1 Jiazi Road, Lunjiao, Shunde District, Foshan, 528308, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Liwen Huang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1 Jiazi Road, Lunjiao, Shunde District, Foshan, 528308, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yanling Ouyang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1 Jiazi Road, Lunjiao, Shunde District, Foshan, 528308, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1 Jiazi Road, Lunjiao, Shunde District, Foshan, 528308, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yiyan Huang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1 Jiazi Road, Lunjiao, Shunde District, Foshan, 528308, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1 Jiazi Road, Lunjiao, Shunde District, Foshan, 528308, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jianqiang Ding
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1 Jiazi Road, Lunjiao, Shunde District, Foshan, 528308, Guangdong Province, China.
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27
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Le Borgne-Rochet M, Angevin L, Bazellières E, Ordas L, Comunale F, Denisov EV, Tashireva LA, Perelmuter VM, Bièche I, Vacher S, Plutoni C, Seveno M, Bodin S, Gauthier-Rouvière C. P-cadherin-induced decorin secretion is required for collagen fiber alignment and directional collective cell migration. J Cell Sci 2019; 132:jcs.233189. [PMID: 31604795 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.233189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Directional collective cell migration (DCCM) is crucial for morphogenesis and cancer metastasis. P-cadherin (also known as CDH3), which is a cell-cell adhesion protein expressed in carcinoma and aggressive sarcoma cells and associated with poor prognosis, is a major DCCM regulator. However, it is unclear how P-cadherin-mediated mechanical coupling between migrating cells influences force transmission to the extracellular matrix (ECM). Here, we found that decorin, a small proteoglycan that binds to and organizes collagen fibers, is specifically expressed and secreted upon P-cadherin, but not E- and R-cadherin (also known as CDH1 and CDH4, respectively) expression. Through cell biological and biophysical approaches, we demonstrated that decorin is required for P-cadherin-mediated DCCM and collagen fiber orientation in the migration direction in 2D and 3D matrices. Moreover, P-cadherin, through decorin-mediated collagen fiber reorientation, promotes the activation of β1 integrin and of the β-Pix (ARHGEF7)/CDC42 axis, which increases traction forces, allowing DCCM. Our results identify a novel P-cadherin-mediated mechanism to promote DCCM through ECM remodeling and ECM-guided cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maïlys Le Borgne-Rochet
- CRBM, Centre de Recherche en Biologie cellulaire de Montpellier, CNRS UMR 5237, 34000 Montpellier, France Montpellier University, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Lucie Angevin
- CRBM, Centre de Recherche en Biologie cellulaire de Montpellier, CNRS UMR 5237, 34000 Montpellier, France Montpellier University, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Elsa Bazellières
- Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, UMR 7288, Developmental Biology Institute of Marseille (IBDM), case 907, 13288 Marseille, Cedex 09, France
| | - Laura Ordas
- CRBM, Centre de Recherche en Biologie cellulaire de Montpellier, CNRS UMR 5237, 34000 Montpellier, France Montpellier University, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Franck Comunale
- CRBM, Centre de Recherche en Biologie cellulaire de Montpellier, CNRS UMR 5237, 34000 Montpellier, France Montpellier University, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Evgeny V Denisov
- Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, 634050 Tomsk, Russia.,Tomsk State University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Lubov A Tashireva
- Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Vladimir M Perelmuter
- Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Ivan Bièche
- Department of Genetics, Institut Curie, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Sophie Vacher
- Department of Genetics, Institut Curie, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Cédric Plutoni
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Martial Seveno
- BioCampus Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Univ Montpellier, 34094 Montpellier, France
| | - Stéphane Bodin
- CRBM, Centre de Recherche en Biologie cellulaire de Montpellier, CNRS UMR 5237, 34000 Montpellier, France Montpellier University, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Cécile Gauthier-Rouvière
- CRBM, Centre de Recherche en Biologie cellulaire de Montpellier, CNRS UMR 5237, 34000 Montpellier, France Montpellier University, 34000 Montpellier, France
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28
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Öktem EK, Yazar M, Gulfidan G, Arga KY. Cancer Drug Repositioning by Comparison of Gene Expression in Humans and Axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum) During Wound Healing. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 23:389-405. [DOI: 10.1089/omi.2019.0093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elif Kubat Öktem
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Istanbul Okan University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Metin Yazar
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Istanbul Okan University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Bioengineering, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gizem Gulfidan
- Department of Bioengineering, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
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29
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Ciocan-Cartita CA, Jurj A, Buse M, Gulei D, Braicu C, Raduly L, Cojocneanu R, Pruteanu LL, Iuga CA, Coza O, Berindan-Neagoe I. The Relevance of Mass Spectrometry Analysis for Personalized Medicine through Its Successful Application in Cancer "Omics". Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20102576. [PMID: 31130665 PMCID: PMC6567119 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20102576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mass spectrometry (MS) is an essential analytical technology on which the emerging omics domains; such as genomics; transcriptomics; proteomics and metabolomics; are based. This quantifiable technique allows for the identification of thousands of proteins from cell culture; bodily fluids or tissue using either global or targeted strategies; or detection of biologically active metabolites in ultra amounts. The routine performance of MS technology in the oncological field provides a better understanding of human diseases in terms of pathophysiology; prevention; diagnosis and treatment; as well as development of new biomarkers; drugs targets and therapies. In this review; we argue that the recent; successful advances in MS technologies towards cancer omics studies provides a strong rationale for its implementation in biomedicine as a whole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Alexandra Ciocan-Cartita
- MEDFUTURE -Research Center for Advanced Medicine," Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 4-6 Louis Pasteur Street, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Ancuța Jurj
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine," Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy.
| | - Mihail Buse
- MEDFUTURE -Research Center for Advanced Medicine," Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 4-6 Louis Pasteur Street, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Diana Gulei
- MEDFUTURE -Research Center for Advanced Medicine," Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 4-6 Louis Pasteur Street, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Cornelia Braicu
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine," Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy.
| | - Lajos Raduly
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine," Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy.
| | - Roxana Cojocneanu
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine," Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy.
| | - Lavinia Lorena Pruteanu
- MEDFUTURE -Research Center for Advanced Medicine," Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 4-6 Louis Pasteur Street, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Cristina Adela Iuga
- MEDFUTURE -Research Center for Advanced Medicine," Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 4-6 Louis Pasteur Street, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, "Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Louis Pasteur Street, 400349 Cluj-Napoca.
| | - Ovidiu Coza
- Department of Oncology, "Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 34-36 Republicii Street, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
- Department of Radiotherapy with High Energies and Brachytherapy, Oncology Institute "Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta", 34-36 Republicii Street, 400015 Cluj-Napoca.
| | - Ioana Berindan-Neagoe
- MEDFUTURE -Research Center for Advanced Medicine," Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 4-6 Louis Pasteur Street, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine," Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy.
- Department of Functional Genomics and Experimental Pathology, Ion Chiricuțǎ Oncology Institute, 34-36 Republicii Street, 400015 Cluj-Napoca.
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30
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Enhanced metastatic potential in the MB49 urothelial carcinoma model. Sci Rep 2019; 9:7425. [PMID: 31092844 PMCID: PMC6520404 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43641-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent data suggest that patients with a basal/stem-like bladder cancer (BC) subtype tend to have metastatic disease, but this is unconfirmed. Here we report the identification of murine MB49 cell line sub-clones with stem-like characteristics in culture. Subcutaneous implantation of S2 and S4 MB49 sub-clones into immunocompetent mice resulted in lung metastases in 50% and 80% of mice respectively, whereas none of the mice implanted with the parental cells developed metastasis. Gene profiling of cells cultured from S2 and S4 primary and metastatic tumors revealed that a panel of genes with basal/stem-like/EMT properties is amplified during metastatic progression. Among them, ITGB1, TWIST1 and KRT6B are consistently up-regulated in metastatic tumors of both MB49 sub-clones. To evaluate clinical relevance, we examined these genes in a human public dataset and found that ITGB1 and KRT6B expression in BC patient tumor samples are positively correlated with tumor grade. Likewise, the expression levels of these three genes are correlated with worse clinical outcomes. This MB49 BC metastatic pre-clinical model provides a unique opportunity to validate and recapitulate results discovered in patient studies and to pursue future mechanistic therapeutic interventions for BC metastasis.
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31
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Valoskova K, Biebl J, Roblek M, Emtenani S, Gyoergy A, Misova M, Ratheesh A, Reis-Rodrigues P, Shkarina K, Larsen ISB, Vakhrushev SY, Clausen H, Siekhaus DE. A conserved major facilitator superfamily member orchestrates a subset of O-glycosylation to aid macrophage tissue invasion. eLife 2019; 8:e41801. [PMID: 30910009 PMCID: PMC6435326 DOI: 10.7554/elife.41801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant display of the truncated core1 O-glycan T-antigen is a common feature of human cancer cells that correlates with metastasis. Here we show that T-antigen in Drosophila melanogaster macrophages is involved in their developmentally programmed tissue invasion. Higher macrophage T-antigen levels require an atypical major facilitator superfamily (MFS) member that we named Minerva which enables macrophage dissemination and invasion. We characterize for the first time the T and Tn glycoform O-glycoproteome of the Drosophila melanogaster embryo, and determine that Minerva increases the presence of T-antigen on proteins in pathways previously linked to cancer, most strongly on the sulfhydryl oxidase Qsox1 which we show is required for macrophage tissue entry. Minerva's vertebrate ortholog, MFSD1, rescues the minerva mutant's migration and T-antigen glycosylation defects. We thus identify a key conserved regulator that orchestrates O-glycosylation on a protein subset to activate a program governing migration steps important for both development and cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Julia Biebl
- Institute of Science and Technology AustriaKlosterneuburgAustria
| | - Marko Roblek
- Institute of Science and Technology AustriaKlosterneuburgAustria
| | - Shamsi Emtenani
- Institute of Science and Technology AustriaKlosterneuburgAustria
| | - Attila Gyoergy
- Institute of Science and Technology AustriaKlosterneuburgAustria
| | - Michaela Misova
- Institute of Science and Technology AustriaKlosterneuburgAustria
| | - Aparna Ratheesh
- Institute of Science and Technology AustriaKlosterneuburgAustria
- Centre for Mechanochemical Cell Biology and Division of Biomedical Sciences, Warwick Medical SchoolUniversity of WarwickCoventryUnited Kingdom
| | | | | | - Ida Signe Bohse Larsen
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Sergey Y Vakhrushev
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Henrik Clausen
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Daria E Siekhaus
- Institute of Science and Technology AustriaKlosterneuburgAustria
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Jia Z, Liu H, Song M, Yang C, Zhao Y, Wu X, Wu Z, Zhao L. Effect of Intestinal Flora Clearance on Liver Proteomics in Mice. CURR PROTEOMICS 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1570164616666181115102046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Intestinal flora dynamically affects the host's systemic immune system. Liver
is one of the organs that may be affected by intestinal microbiota.
</P><P>
Materials and Methods: In this study, we aimed to identify proteome level differences between liver
tissue from mice cleared intestinal flora and control using tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and
label free quantification. Additionally, protein-protein interactions were mapped by STRING, and also,
the enrichment of inflammation-related signaling pathways and biological processes was identified using
GO and IPA network system. RT-PCR and Western blot were used for validation of the proteomics
findings.
Results:
Our study demonstrated that mice with cleared intestinal flora exhibited decreased sensitivity
to Concanavalin A induced acute hepatitis. 324 Proteins in liver were differently expressed after intestinal
flora clearance for one week while 210 proteins were differently expressed after intestinal flora
clearance for two weeks. Furthermore, five of the identified proteins were validated by western blotting
and further investigated by semi-quantitative RT-PCR.
Conclusion:
Our results showed that intestinal flora clearance in mice could reduce sensitivity to Concanavalin
A induced liver injury and influence the expression of proteins in liver, which provides a
clue for studying the relationship between gut bacteria and Concanavalin A induced hepatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenghu Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology (Nankai University), College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Hui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology (Nankai University), College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Mei Song
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology (Nankai University), College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Chengmao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology (Nankai University), College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Yapu Zhao
- People's Liberation Army No. 254 Hospital, Tianjin, 300142, China
| | - Xiaoli Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin Engineering Center of Micro Nano Biomaterials and Detection Treatment Technology, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Zhenzhou Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology (Nankai University), College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Liqing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology (Nankai University), College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
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Proteomic characterization of early lung response to breast cancer metastasis in mice. Exp Mol Pathol 2019; 107:129-140. [PMID: 30763573 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2019.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The tumor-promoting rearrangement of the lungs facilitates the process of cancer cell survival in a foreign microenvironment and enables their protection against immune defense. The study aimed to define the fingerprint of the early rearrangement of the lungs via the proteomic profiling of the lung tissue in the experimental model of tumor metastasis in a murine 4T1 mammary adenocarcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS The studies were performed on 7-8-week-old BALB/c female mice. Viable 4T1 cancer cells were orthotopically inoculated into the right mammary fat pad. The experiment was performed in the early phase of the tumor metastasis one and two weeks after cancer cell inoculation. The comparative analysis of protein profiles was carried out with the aid of the two-dimensional difference in gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE). Proteins, of which expression differed significantly, were identified using nano-liquid chromatography coupled to a high-resolution mass spectrometry (nanoLC/hybrid ion trap- Orbitrap XL Discovery). RESULTS Palpable primary tumors were noted in the 2nd week after cancer cell inoculation. The investigated period preceded the formation of numerous macrometastases in the lungs, however the metastasis-promoting changes were visible very early. Primary tumor-induced inflammation developed in the lungs as early as after the 1st week and progressed during the 2nd week, accompanied by increased concentration of 2-OH-E+, an oxidative stress marker, and imbalance in nitric oxide metabolites, pointing to endothelium dysfunction. The early proteomic changes in the lungs in the 1st week after 4T1 cell inoculation resulted in the reorganization of lung tissue structure [actin, cytoplasmic 1 (Actb), tubulin beta chain (Tubb5), lamin-B1 (Lmnb1), serine protease inhibitor A3K (Serpina3k)] and activation of defense mechanisms [selenium-binding protein 1 (Selenbp1), endoplasmin (Hsp90b1), stress 70 protein, mitochondrial (Hspa9), heat shock protein HSP 90-beta (Hsp90ab1)], but also modifications in metabolic pathways [glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase X (G6pdx), ATP synthase subunit beta, mitochondrial (Atp5b), L-lactate dehydrogenase B chain (Ldhb)]. Further development of the solid tumor after the 2nd week following cancer cell inoculation, secretion of prolific tumor-derived factors as well as the presence of the increasing number of circulating cancer cells and extravasation processes further impose reorganization of the lung tissue [Actb, vimentin (Vim), clathrin light chain A (Clta)], altering additional metabolic pathways [annexin A5 (Anxa5), Rho GDP-dissociation inhibitor 2 (Arhgdib), complement 1 Q subcomponent-binding protein, mitochondrial (C1qbp), 14-3-3 protein zeta/delta (Ywhaz), peroxiredoxin-6 (Prdx6), chitinase-like protein 4 (Chi3l4), reticulocalbin-1 (Rcn1), EF-hand domain-containing protein D2 (Efhd2), calumenin (Calu)]. Interestingly, many of differentially expressed proteins were involved in calcium homeostasis (Rcn1, Efhd2, Calu, Actb, Vim, Lmnb1, Clta, Tubb5, Serpina3k, Hsp90b1, Hsp90ab1, Hspa9. G6pdx, Atp5b, Anxa5, Arhgdib, Ywhaz). CONCLUSION The analysis enabled revealing the importance of calcium signaling during the early phase of metastasis development, early cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix reorganization, activation of defense mechanisms and metabolic adaptations. It seems that the tissue response is an interplay between pro- and anti-metastatic mechanisms accompanied by inflammation, oxidative stress and dysfunction of the barrier endothelial cells.
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Foster DS, Jones RE, Ransom RC, Longaker MT, Norton JA. The evolving relationship of wound healing and tumor stroma. JCI Insight 2018; 3:99911. [PMID: 30232274 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.99911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The stroma in solid tumors contains a variety of cellular phenotypes and signaling pathways associated with wound healing, leading to the concept that a tumor behaves as a wound that does not heal. Similarities between tumors and healing wounds include fibroblast recruitment and activation, extracellular matrix (ECM) component deposition, infiltration of immune cells, neovascularization, and cellular lineage plasticity. However, unlike a wound that heals, the edges of a tumor are constantly expanding. Cell migration occurs both inward and outward as the tumor proliferates and invades adjacent tissues, often disregarding organ boundaries. The focus of our review is cancer associated fibroblast (CAF) cellular heterogeneity and plasticity and the acellular matrix components that accompany these cells. We explore how similarities and differences between healing wounds and tumor stroma continue to evolve as research progresses, shedding light on possible therapeutic targets that can result in innovative stromal-based treatments for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deshka S Foster
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, and.,Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - R Ellen Jones
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, and
| | - Ryan C Ransom
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, and
| | - Michael T Longaker
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, and.,Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Norton
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, and.,Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
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Xie J, Li R. False discovery rate control for high dimensional networks of quantile associations conditioning on covariates. J R Stat Soc Series B Stat Methodol 2018; 80:1015-1034. [PMID: 31057329 DOI: 10.1111/rssb.12288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Motivated by gene coexpression pattern analysis, we propose a novel sample quantile contingency (SQUAC) statistic to infer quantile associations conditioning on covariates. It features enhanced flexibility in handling variables with both arbitrary distributions and complex association patterns conditioning on covariates. We first derive its asymptotic null distribution, and then develop a multiple-testing procedure based on the SQUAC statistic to test simultaneously the independence between one pair of variables conditioning on covariates for all p(p-1)/2 pairs. Here, p is the length of the outcomes and could exceed the sample size. The testing procedure does not require resampling or perturbation and thus is computationally efficient. We prove by theory and numerical experiments that this testing method asymptotically controls the false discovery rate. It outperforms all alternative methods when the complex association patterns exist. Applied to a gastric cancer data set, this testing method successfully inferred the gene coexpression networks of early and late stage patients. It identified more changes in the networks which are associated with cancer survivals. We extend our method to the case that both the length of the outcomes and the length of covariates exceed the sample size, and show that the asymptotic theory still holds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jichun Xie
- Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, USA
| | - Ruosha Li
- University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, USA
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36
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Wawrzynow B, Zylicz A, Zylicz M. Chaperoning the guardian of the genome. The two-faced role of molecular chaperones in p53 tumor suppressor action. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2018; 1869:161-174. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2017.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Revised: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Theocharis AD, Karamanos NK. Proteoglycans remodeling in cancer: Underlying molecular mechanisms. Matrix Biol 2017; 75-76:220-259. [PMID: 29128506 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2017.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular matrix is a highly dynamic macromolecular network. Proteoglycans are major components of extracellular matrix playing key roles in its structural organization and cell signaling contributing to the control of numerous normal and pathological processes. As multifunctional molecules, proteoglycans participate in various cell functions during morphogenesis, wound healing, inflammation and tumorigenesis. Their interactions with matrix effectors, cell surface receptors and enzymes enable them with unique properties. In malignancy, extensive remodeling of tumor stroma is associated with marked alterations in proteoglycans' expression and structural variability. Proteoglycans exert diverse functions in tumor stroma in a cell-specific and context-specific manner and they mainly contribute to the formation of a permissive provisional matrix for tumor growth affecting tissue organization, cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions and tumor cell signaling. Proteoglycans also modulate cancer cell phenotype and properties, the development of drug resistance and tumor stroma angiogenesis. This review summarizes the proteoglycans remodeling and their novel biological roles in malignancies with particular emphasis to the underlying molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achilleas D Theocharis
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiochemistry Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 26500 Patras, Greece.
| | - Nikos K Karamanos
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiochemistry Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 26500 Patras, Greece.
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Molecular Profiling and Significance of Circulating Tumor Cell Based Genetic Signatures. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 994:143-167. [PMID: 28560673 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-55947-6_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Cancer kills by metastasizing beyond the primary site. Early detection, surgical intervention and other treatments have improved the survival rates of patients with cancer, however, once metastasis occurs, responses to conventional therapies become significantly less effective, and this remains the leading cause of death. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are tumor cells that have preferentially disseminated from the primary tumor mass into the hematological system, and are en route to favorable distant sites where if they survive, can develop into metastases. They may be the earliest detectable cells with metastatic ability, and are gaining increasing attention because of their prognostic value in many types of cancers including breast, prostate, colon and lung. Recent technological advances have removed barriers that previously hindered the detection and isolation of these rare cells from blood, and have exponentially improved the genetic resolution at which we can characterize signatures that define CTCs. Some of the most significant observations from such examinations are described here. Firstly, aberrations that were thought to be unique to CTCs are detected at subclonal frequencies within primary tumors with measurable heterogeneity, indicating pre-existing genetic signatures for metastasis. Secondly, these subclonal events are enriched in CTCs and metastases, pointing towards the selection of a more 'fit' component of tumor cells with survival advantages. Lastly, this component of cancer cells may also be the chemoresistant portion that escapes systemic treatment, or acquires resistance during progression of the disease. The future of cancer management may include a standardized method of measuring intratumor heterogeneity of the primary as well as matched CTCs. This will help identify and target rare aberrations within primary tumors that make them more adept to disseminate, and also to monitor the development of treatment resistant subclones as cancer progresses.
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Functional proteomics outlines the complexity of breast cancer molecular subtypes. Sci Rep 2017; 7:10100. [PMID: 28855612 PMCID: PMC5577137 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-10493-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease comprising a variety of entities with various genetic backgrounds. Estrogen receptor-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative tumors typically have a favorable outcome; however, some patients eventually relapse, which suggests some heterogeneity within this category. In the present study, we used proteomics and miRNA profiling techniques to characterize a set of 102 either estrogen receptor-positive (ER+)/progesterone receptor-positive (PR+) or triple-negative formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded breast tumors. Protein expression-based probabilistic graphical models and flux balance analyses revealed that some ER+/PR+ samples had a protein expression profile similar to that of triple-negative samples and had a clinical outcome similar to those with triple-negative disease. This probabilistic graphical model-based classification had prognostic value in patients with luminal A breast cancer. This prognostic information was independent of that provided by standard genomic tests for breast cancer, such as MammaPrint, OncoType Dx and the 8-gene Score.
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Al-Maleki AR, Loke MF, Lui SY, Ramli NSK, Khosravi Y, Ng CG, Venkatraman G, Goh KL, Ho B, Vadivelu J. Helicobacter pylori outer inflammatory protein A (OipA) suppresses apoptosis of AGS gastric cells in vitro. Cell Microbiol 2017; 19. [PMID: 28776327 DOI: 10.1111/cmi.12771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Revised: 07/02/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Outer inflammatory protein A (OipA) is an important virulence factor associated with gastric cancer and ulcer development; however, the results have not been well established and turned out to be controversial. This study aims to elucidate the role of OipA in Helicobacter pylori infection using clinical strains harbouring oipA "on" and "off" motifs. Proteomics analysis was performed on AGS cell pre-infection and postinfection with H. pylori oipA "on" and "off" strains, using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. AGS apoptosis and cell cycle assays were performed. Moreover, expression of vacuolating cytotoxin A (VacA) was screened using Western blotting. AGS proteins that have been suggested previously to play a role or associated with gastric disease were down-regulated postinfection with oipA "off" strains comparing to oipA "on" strains. Furthermore, oipA "off" and ΔoipA cause higher level of AGS cells apoptosis and G0/G1 cell-cycle arrest than oipA "on" strains. Interestingly, deletion of oipA increased bacterial VacA production. The capability of H. pylori to induce apoptosis and suppress expression of proteins having roles in human disease in the absence of oipA suggests that strains not expressing OipA may be less virulent or may even be protective against carcinogenesis compared those expressing OipA. This potentially explains the higher incidence of gastric cancer in East Asia where oipA "on" strains predominates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anis Rageh Al-Maleki
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mun Fai Loke
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sook Yin Lui
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Nur Siti Khadijah Ramli
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yalda Khosravi
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Chow Goon Ng
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Gopinath Venkatraman
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Khean-Lee Goh
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Bow Ho
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Singapore Precision Medicine Centre Pte Ltd, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jamuna Vadivelu
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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41
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The overexpression of Hsp90B1 is associated with tumorigenesis of canine mammary glands. Mol Cell Biochem 2017; 440:23-31. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-017-3152-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Tracz-Gaszewska Z, Klimczak M, Biecek P, Herok M, Kosinski M, Olszewski MB, Czerwińska P, Wiech M, Wiznerowicz M, Zylicz A, Zylicz M, Wawrzynow B. Molecular chaperones in the acquisition of cancer cell chemoresistance with mutated TP53 and MDM2 up-regulation. Oncotarget 2017; 8:82123-82143. [PMID: 29137250 PMCID: PMC5669876 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Utilizing the TCGA PANCAN12 dataset we discovered that cancer patients with mutations in TP53 tumor suppressor and overexpression of MDM2 oncogene exhibited decreased survival post treatment. Interestingly, in the case of breast cancer patients, this phenomenon correlated with high expression level of several molecular chaperones belonging to the HSPA, DNAJB and HSPC families. To verify the hypothesis that such a genetic background may promote chaperone-mediated chemoresistance, we employed breast and lung cancer cell lines that constitutively overexpressed heat shock proteins and have shown that HSPA1A/HSP70 and DNAJB1/HSP40 facilitated the binding of mutated p53 to the TAp73α protein. This chaperone-mediated mutated p53–TAp73α complex induced chemoresistance to DNA damaging reagents, like Cisplatin, Doxorubicin, Etoposide or Camptothecin. Importantly, when the MDM2 oncogene was overexpressed, heat shock proteins were displaced and a stable multiprotein complex comprising of mutated p53-TAp73α-MDM2 was formed, additionally amplifying cancer cells chemoresistance. Our findings demonstrate that molecular chaperones aid cancer cells in surviving the cytotoxic effect of chemotherapeutics and may have therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzanna Tracz-Gaszewska
- International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Warsaw, Poland.,Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, PAS, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marta Klimczak
- International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Warsaw, Poland.,Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Przemyslaw Biecek
- Faculty of Mathematics, Informatics, and Mechanics, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.,Faculty of Mathematics and Information Science, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Herok
- International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Warsaw, Poland.,Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, PAS, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Kosinski
- Faculty of Mathematics and Information Science, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland.,Faculty of Mathematics, Informatics, and Mechanics, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Patrycja Czerwińska
- International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Warsaw, Poland.,Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Department of Cancer Immunology, The Greater Poland Cancer Center, Poznan, Poland
| | - Milena Wiech
- International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maciej Wiznerowicz
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Department of Cancer Immunology, The Greater Poland Cancer Center, Poznan, Poland
| | - Alicja Zylicz
- International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maciej Zylicz
- International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Warsaw, Poland
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Boström P, Sainio A, Eigėlienė N, Jokilammi A, Elenius K, Koskivuo I, Järveläinen H. Human Metaplastic Breast Carcinoma and Decorin. CANCER MICROENVIRONMENT 2017; 10:39-48. [PMID: 28653173 PMCID: PMC5750199 DOI: 10.1007/s12307-017-0195-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Metaplastic breast carcinoma (MBC) is a rare subtype of invasive breast cancer and has poor prognosis. In general, cancers are heterogeneous cellular masses comprised of different cell types and their extracellular matrix (ECM). However, little is known about the composition of the ECM and its constituents in MBC. Decorin is a ubiquitous ECM macromolecule known of its oncosuppressive activity. As such, it provides an intriguing molecule in the development of novel therapeutics for different malignancies such as MBC. In this study, decorin immunoreactivity and the effect of adenoviral decorin cDNA (Ad-DCN) transduction were examined in MBC. Multiple immunohistochemical stainings were used to characterize a massive breast tumour derived from an old woman. Furthermore, three-dimensional (3D) explant cultures derived from the tumour were transduced with Ad-DCN to study the effect of the transduction on the explants. The MBC tumour was shown to be completely negative for decorin immunoreactivity demonstrating that the malignant cells were not able to synthesize decorin. Ad-DCN transduction resulted in a markedly altered cytological phenotype of MBC explants by decreasing the amount of atypical cells and by inhibiting cell proliferation. The results of this study support approaches to develop new, decorin-based adjuvant therapies for MBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pia Boström
- Department of Pathology, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, 20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Annele Sainio
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, 20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Natalja Eigėlienė
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Oncology Clinic, Vaasa Central Hospital, Vaasa, Hietalahdenkatu 2-4, 65130, Vaasa, Finland
| | - Anne Jokilammi
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, 20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Klaus Elenius
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, 20520, Turku, Finland.,Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Ilkka Koskivuo
- Department of Plastic and General Surgery, Turku University Hospital, Kiinamyllynkatu 4-8, 20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Hannu Järveläinen
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, 20520, Turku, Finland. .,Department of Internal Medicine, Satakunta Central Hospital, Sairaalantie 3, 28500, Pori, Finland.
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Cai Q, Lin J, Zhang L, Lin J, Wang L, Chen D, Peng J. Comparative proteomics-network analysis of proteins responsible for ursolic acid-induced cytotoxicity in colorectal cancer cells. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:1010428317695015. [PMID: 28347227 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317695015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Ursolic acid is a key active compound present in many medicinal herbs that have been widely used in traditional Chinese medicine for the clinical treatment of various cancers. However, the precise mechanisms of its antitumor activity have been poorly understood. To identify the cellular targets of ursolic acid, two-dimensional gel electrophoresis combined with mass spectrometry was performed in this study, which identified 15 proteins with significantly altered levels in protein expression. This demonstrated that ursolic acid-induced cytotoxicity in colorectal cancer cells involves dysregulation in protein folding, signal transduction, cell proliferation, cell cycle, and apoptosis. Corresponding protein regulation was also confirmed by Western blotting. Furthermore, the study of functional association between these 15 proteins revealed that 10 were closely related in a protein-protein interaction network, whereby the proteins either had a direct interaction with each other or were associated via only one intermediary protein. In this instance, the ATP5B/CALR/HSP90B1/HSPB1/HSPD1-signaling network was revealed as the predominant target which was associated with the majority of the observed protein-protein interactions. As a result, the identified targets may be useful in explaining the anticancer mechanisms of ursolic acid and as potential targets for colorectal cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoyan Cai
- 1 Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
- 2 Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jing Lin
- 1 Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
- 2 Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- 1 Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
- 2 Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jiumao Lin
- 1 Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
- 2 Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lili Wang
- 1 Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
- 2 Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Daxin Chen
- 1 Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
- 2 Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jun Peng
- 1 Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
- 2 Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
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Faria SS, Morris CFM, Silva AR, Fonseca MP, Forget P, Castro MS, Fontes W. A Timely Shift from Shotgun to Targeted Proteomics and How It Can Be Groundbreaking for Cancer Research. Front Oncol 2017; 7:13. [PMID: 28265552 PMCID: PMC5316539 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2017.00013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The fact that cancer is a leading cause of death all around the world has naturally sparked major efforts in the pursuit of novel and more efficient biomarkers that could better serve as diagnostic tools, prognostic predictors, or therapeutical targets in the battle against this type of disease. Mass spectrometry-based proteomics has proven itself as a robust and logical alternative to the immuno-based methods that once dominated the field. Nevertheless, intrinsic limitations of classic proteomic approaches such as the natural gap between shotgun discovery-based methods and clinically applicable results have called for the implementation of more direct, hypothesis-based studies such as those made available through targeted approaches, that might be able to streamline biomarker discovery and validation as a means to increase survivability of affected patients. In fact, the paradigm shifting potential of modern targeted proteomics applied to cancer research can be demonstrated by the large number of advancements and increasing examples of new and more useful biomarkers found during the course of this review in different aspects of cancer research. Out of the many studies dedicated to cancer biomarker discovery, we were able to devise some clear trends, such as the fact that breast cancer is the most common type of tumor studied and that most of the research for any given type of cancer is focused on the discovery diagnostic biomarkers, with the exception of those that rely on samples other than plasma and serum, which are generally aimed toward prognostic markers. Interestingly, the most common type of targeted approach is based on stable isotope dilution-selected reaction monitoring protocols for quantification of the target molecules. Overall, this reinforces that notion that targeted proteomics has already started to fulfill its role as a groundbreaking strategy that may enable researchers to catapult the number of viable, effective, and validated biomarkers in cancer clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara S Faria
- Mastology Program, Federal University of Uberlandia (UFU) , Uberlandia , Brazil
| | - Carlos F M Morris
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Protein Chemistry, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Brasilia , Brasília , Brazil
| | - Adriano R Silva
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Protein Chemistry, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Brasilia , Brasília , Brazil
| | - Micaella P Fonseca
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Protein Chemistry, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Brasilia, Brasília, Brazil; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Patrice Forget
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Universiteit of Brussel , Brussels , Belgium
| | - Mariana S Castro
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Protein Chemistry, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Brasilia , Brasília , Brazil
| | - Wagner Fontes
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Protein Chemistry, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Brasilia , Brasília , Brazil
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Xu DD, Zhou PJ, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang R, Zhang L, Chen SH, Fu WY, Ruan BB, Xu HP, Hu CZ, Tian L, Qin JH, Wang S, Wang X, Liu QY, Ren Z, Gu XK, Li YH, Liu Z, Wang YF. miR-150 Suppresses the Proliferation and Tumorigenicity of Leukemia Stem Cells by Targeting the Nanog Signaling Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2016; 7:439. [PMID: 27917123 PMCID: PMC5114241 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Proliferation, a key feature of cancer cells, accounts for the majority of cancer-related diseases resulting in mortality. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) plays important post-transcriptional modulation roles by acting on multiple signaling pathways, but the underlying mechanism in proliferation and tumorigenicity is unclear. Here, we identified the role of miR-150 in proliferation and tumorigenicity in leukemia stem cells (LSCs; CD34+CD38- cells). miR-150 expression was significantly down-regulated in LSCs from leukemia cell lines and clinical samples. Functional assays demonstrated that increased miR-150 expression inhibited proliferation and clonal and clonogenic growth, enhanced chemosensitivity, and attenuated tumorigenic activity of LSCs in vitro. Transplantation animal studies revealed that miR-150 overexpression progressively abrogates tumor growth. Immunohistochemistry assays demonstrated that miR-150 overexpression enhanced caspase-3 level and reduced Ki-67 level. Moreover, luciferase reporter assays indicated Nanog is a direct and functional target of miR-150. Nanog silencing using small interfering RNA recapitulated anti-proliferation and tumorigenicity inhibition effects. Furthermore, miR-150 directly down-regulated the expression of other cancer stem cell factors including Notch2 and CTNNB1. These results provide insights into the specific biological behavior of miR-150 in regulating LSC proliferation and tumorigenicity. Targeting this miR-150/Nanog axis would be a helpful therapeutic strategy to treat acute myeloid leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Dan Xu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan UniversityGuangzhou, China; College of Biology Technolgy, Guangdong Food and Drug Vocational CollegeGuangzhou, China
| | - Peng-Jun Zhou
- College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Wang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan UniversityGuangzhou, China; Faculty of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical TechnologyMaoming, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Section of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven CT, USA
| | - Rong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Zhang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University Guangzhou, China
| | - Su-Hong Chen
- College of Biology Technolgy, Guangdong Food and Drug Vocational College Guangzhou, China
| | - Wu-Yu Fu
- Faculty of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology Maoming, China
| | - Bi-Bo Ruan
- Faculty of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology Maoming, China
| | - Hai-Peng Xu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University Guangzhou, China
| | - Chao-Zhi Hu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University Guangzhou, China
| | - Lu Tian
- College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin-Hong Qin
- College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University Guangzhou, China
| | - Sheng Wang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiu-Ying Liu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhe Ren
- College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University Guangzhou, China
| | - Xue-Kui Gu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Guangzhou, China
| | - Yao-He Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhong Liu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Fei Wang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University Guangzhou, China
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Mittal P, Klingler-Hoffmann M, Arentz G, Winderbaum L, Kaur G, Anderson L, Scurry J, Leung Y, Stewart CJ, Carter J, Hoffmann P, Oehler MK. Annexin A2 and alpha actinin 4 expression correlates with metastatic potential of primary endometrial cancer. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2016; 1865:846-857. [PMID: 27784647 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2016.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Revised: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 10/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The prediction of lymph node metastasis using clinic-pathological data and molecular information from endometrial cancers lacks accuracy and is therefore currently not routinely used in patient management. Consequently, although only a small percentage of patients with endometrial cancers suffer from metastasis, the majority undergo radical surgery including removal of pelvic lymph nodes. Upon analysis of publically available data and published research, we compiled a list of 60 proteins having the potential to display differential abundance between primary endometrial cancers with versus those without lymph node metastasis. Using data dependent acquisition LC-ESI-MS/MS we were able to detect 23 of these proteins in endometrial cancers, and using data independent LC-ESI-MS/MS the differential abundance of five of those proteins was observed. The localization of the differentially expressed proteins, was visualized using peptide MALDI MSI in whole tissue sections as well as tissue microarrays of 43 patients. The proteins identified were further validated by immunohistochemistry. Our data indicate that annexin A2 protein level is upregulated, whereas annexin A1 and α actinin 4 expression are downregulated in tumours with lymph node metastasis compared to those without lymphatic spread. Moreover, our analysis confirmed the potential of these markers, to be included in a statistical model for prediction of lymph node metastasis. The predictive model using highly ranked m/z values identified by MALDI MSI showed significantly higher predictive accuracy than the model using immunohistochemistry data. In summary, using publicly available data and complementary proteomics approaches, we were able to improve the prediction model for lymph node metastasis in EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parul Mittal
- Adelaide Proteomics Centre, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, SA 5005; Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS), The University of Adelaide, SA 5005
| | - Manuela Klingler-Hoffmann
- Adelaide Proteomics Centre, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, SA 5005; Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS), The University of Adelaide, SA 5005
| | - Georgia Arentz
- Adelaide Proteomics Centre, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, SA 5005; Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS), The University of Adelaide, SA 5005
| | - Lyron Winderbaum
- Adelaide Proteomics Centre, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, SA 5005; Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS), The University of Adelaide, SA 5005
| | - Gurjeet Kaur
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Lyndal Anderson
- Department of Tissue Pathology and Diagnostic Oncology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - James Scurry
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of New South Wales, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Yee Leung
- School of Women's and Infants' Health, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Colin Jr Stewart
- School of Women's and Infants' Health, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Jonathan Carter
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Chris O'Brien Lifehouse, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Peter Hoffmann
- Adelaide Proteomics Centre, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, SA 5005; Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS), The University of Adelaide, SA 5005.
| | - Martin K Oehler
- Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health, Research Centre for Reproductive Health, Robinson Institute, The University of Adelaide, SA 5005; Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
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Amith SR, Vincent KM, Wilkinson JM, Postovit LM, Fliegel L. Defining the Na +/H + exchanger NHE1 interactome in triple-negative breast cancer cells. Cell Signal 2016; 29:69-77. [PMID: 27751915 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2016.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Revised: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Mounting evidence supports a major role for the Na+/H+ exchanger NHE1 in cancer progression and metastasis. NHE1 is hyperactive at the onset of oncogenic transformation, resulting in intracellular alkalinization and extracellular microenvironmental acidification. These conditions promote invasion and facilitate metastasis. However, the signal pathways governing the regulation of exchanger activity are still unclear. This is especially important in the aggressively metastatic, triple-negative basal breast cancer subtype. We used affinity chromatography followed by mass spectrometry to identify novel and putative interaction partners of NHE1 in MDA-MB-231 triple-negative breast cancer cells. NHE1 associated with several types of proteins including cytoskeletal proteins and chaperones. We validated protein interactions by co-immunoprecipitation for: 14-3-3, AKT, α-enolase, CHP1, HSP70 and HSP90. Additionally, we used The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) to study NHE1 gene expression in primary patient breast tumours versus adjacent normal tissue. NHE1 expression was elevated in breast tumour samples and, when broken down by breast cancer subtype, NHE1 gene expression was significantly lower in tumours of the basal subtype compared to luminal and HER2+ subtypes. Reverse phase protein array (RPPA) analysis showed that NHE1 expression positively correlated with p90RSK expression in basal, but not luminal, primary tumours. Other proteins were negatively correlated with NHE1 expression in basal breast cancer tumours. Taken together, our data provides the first insight into the signalling molecules that form the NHE1 interactome in triple-negative breast cancer cells. These results will focus our search for novel targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Schammim Ray Amith
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2H7, Canada.
| | - Krista Marie Vincent
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2H7, Canada; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada.
| | - Jodi Marie Wilkinson
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2H7, Canada.
| | - Lynne Marie Postovit
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2H7, Canada.
| | - Larry Fliegel
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2H7, Canada.
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49
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Hong X, Yang Z, Wang M, Wang L, Xu Q. Reduced decorin expression in the tumor stroma correlates with tumor proliferation and predicts poor prognosis in patients with I-IIIA non-small cell lung cancer. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:10.1007/s13277-016-5431-1. [PMID: 27726099 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-5431-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Decorin, chiefly synthesized by tumor stroma, is known as a tumor suppressor. However, the clinical and prognostic significance in lung cancer remained unclear. Here, decorin and Ki67 expression was detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in I-IIIA non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tissues (n = 264) in comparison to adjacent normal tissues (n = 40). The relationship between the expression of decorin and clinical characteristics, as well as Ki67 index and prognosis, was analyzed. Decorin expression was decreased in both the stroma (P < 0.001) and the tumor cells (P = 0.038) in NSCLC specimens. There was the lowest stromal expression of decorin in patients with G3 adenocarcinoma and higher Ki67 index in the stromal decorin-negative group. The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis demonstrated that lack of decorin in the stroma was correlated with a shorter DFS and OS (P = 0.005 and P = 0.010, respectively), while there was no significant association between decorin expression in the tumor cells and outcome. Multivariate analysis showed that reduced expression of decorin in the stroma was an independent prognostic factor for poor outcome including DFS (HR = 5.685, 95 % CI 0.493-0.933; P = 0.017) and OS (HR = 6.579, 95 % CI 0.484-0.908; P = 0.010). Negative decorin in the stroma combined with high Ki67 index predicted poorer outcomes for I-IIIA NSCLC patients. Our results provide data on decorin expression in both the stroma and cancer cells in NSCLC and reveal that reduced expression of stromal decorin correlates with high Ki67 index and has prognostic significance for poor outcome in I-IIIA NSCLC. Our data suggest that evaluating stromal decorin expression might be useful in assessing the prognosis and malignant potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Hong
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaoyang Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingyong Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, Harbin, People's Republic of China.
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50
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Li L, Mo H, Zhang J, Zhou Y, Peng X, Luo X. The Role of Heat Shock Protein 90B1 in Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0152837. [PMID: 27046189 PMCID: PMC4821534 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2016] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogenetic disorder in women that is characterized by arrested follicular growth and anovulatory infertility. The altered protein expression levels in the ovarian tissues reflect the molecular defects in folliculogenesis. To identify aberrant protein expression in PCOS, we analyzed protein expression profiles in the ovarian tissues of patients with PCOS. We identified a total of 18 protein spots that were differentially expressed in PCOS compared with healthy ovarian samples. A total of 13 proteins were upregulated and 5 proteins were downregulated. The expression levels of heat shock protein 90B1 (HSP90B1) and calcium signaling activator calmodulin 1 (CALM1) were increased by at least two-fold. The expression levels of HSP90B1 and CALM1 were positively associated with ovarian cell survival and negatively associated with caspase-3 activation and apoptosis. Knock-down of HSP90B1 with siRNA attenuated ovarian cell survival and increased apoptosis. In contrast, ovarian cell survival was improved and cell apoptosis was decreased in cells over-expressing HSP90B1. These results demonstrated the pivotal role of HSP90B1 in the proliferation and survival of ovarian cells, suggesting a critical role for HSP90B1 in the pathogenesis of PCOS. We also observed a downregulation of anti-inflammatory activity-related annexin A6 (ANXA6) and tropomyosin 2 (TPM2) compared with the normal controls, which could affect cell division and folliculogenesis in PCOS. This is the first study to identify novel altered gene expression in the ovarian tissues of patients with PCOS. These findings may have significant implications for future diagnostic and treatment strategies for PCOS using molecular interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Quality Research, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Hui Mo
- Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Quality Research, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Guangzhou Family Planning Specialty Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yongxian Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiuhong Peng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiping Luo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- * E-mail:
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