1
|
Guo C, Peng J, Cheng P, Yang C, Gong S, Zhang L, Zhang T, Peng J. Mechanistic elucidation of ferroptosis and ferritinophagy: implications for advancing our understanding of arthritis. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1290234. [PMID: 39022306 PMCID: PMC11251907 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1290234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the emerging phenomenon of ferroptosis has garnered significant attention as a distinctive mode of programmed cell death. Distinguished by its reliance on iron and dependence on reactive oxygen species (ROS), ferroptosis has emerged as a subject of extensive investigation. Mechanistically, this intricate process involves perturbations in iron homeostasis, dampening of system Xc-activity, morphological dynamics within mitochondria, and the onset of lipid peroxidation. Additionally, the concomitant phenomenon of ferritinophagy, the autophagic degradation of ferritin, assumes a pivotal role by facilitating the liberation of iron ions from ferritin, thereby advancing the progression of ferroptosis. This discussion thoroughly examines the detailed cell structures and basic processes behind ferroptosis and ferritinophagy. Moreover, it scrutinizes the intricate web of regulators that orchestrate these processes and examines their intricate interplay within the context of joint disorders. Against the backdrop of an annual increase in cases of osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and gout, these narrative sheds light on the intriguing crossroads of pathophysiology by dissecting the intricate interrelationships between joint diseases, ferroptosis, and ferritinophagy. The newfound insights contribute fresh perspectives and promising therapeutic avenues, potentially revolutionizing the landscape of joint disease management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caopei Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Joint Orthopaedic Research Center of Zunyi Medical University, University of Rochester Medical Center, Zunyi, China
| | - Jiaze Peng
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Joint Orthopaedic Research Center of Zunyi Medical University, University of Rochester Medical Center, Zunyi, China
| | - Piaotao Cheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Joint Orthopaedic Research Center of Zunyi Medical University, University of Rochester Medical Center, Zunyi, China
| | - Chengbing Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Joint Orthopaedic Research Center of Zunyi Medical University, University of Rochester Medical Center, Zunyi, China
| | - Shouhang Gong
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Joint Orthopaedic Research Center of Zunyi Medical University, University of Rochester Medical Center, Zunyi, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Joint Orthopaedic Research Center of Zunyi Medical University, University of Rochester Medical Center, Zunyi, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering of Guizhou Province, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Jiachen Peng
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Joint Orthopaedic Research Center of Zunyi Medical University, University of Rochester Medical Center, Zunyi, China
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine, Zunyi, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhu Y, Wang X, Liu R. Bioinformatics proved the existence of potential hub genes activating autophagy to participate in cartilage degeneration in osteonecrosis of the femoral head. J Mol Histol 2024:10.1007/s10735-024-10200-w. [PMID: 38758521 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-024-10200-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
The obvious degeneration of articular cartilage occurs in the late stage of osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH), which aggravates the condition of ONFH. This study aimed to demonstrate aberrant activation of autophagy processes in ONFH chondrocytes through bioinformatics and to predict and identify relevant hub genes and pathways. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using R software in the GSE74089 dataset from the GEO database. DEGs were crossed with the Human Autophagy Database (HADb) autophagy genes to screen out autophagy-related differential genes (AT-DEGs). GSEA, GSVA, GO, and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses of AT-DEGs were performed. The STRING database was used to analyze the protein-protein interaction (PPI) of the AT-DEGs network, and the MCODE and CytoHubba plugin in the Cytoscape software was used to analyze the key gene cluster module and screen the hub genes. The PPI network of hub genes was constructed using the GeneMANIA database, and functional enrichment and gene connectivity categories were analyzed. The expression levels of hub genes of related genes in the ONFH patients were verified in the dataset GSE123568, and the protein expression was verified by immunohistochemistry in tissues. The analysis of DEGs revealed abnormal autophagy in ONFH cartilage. AT-DEGs in ONFH have special enrichment in macroautophagy, autophagosome membrane, and phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate binding. In the GSE123568 dataset, it was also found that ATG2B, ATG4B, and UVRAG were all significantly upregulated in ONFH patients. By immunohistochemistry, it was verified that ATG2B, ATG4B, and UVRAG were significantly overexpressed. These three genes regulate the occurrence and extension of autophagosomes through the PI3KC3C pathway. Finally, we determined that chondrocytes in ONFH undergo positive regulation of autophagy through the corresponding pathways involved in three genes: ATG2B, ATG4B, and UVRAG.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingkang Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi' an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China
| | - Xianxuan Wang
- Department of Physiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ruiyu Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi' an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Pi P, Zeng L, Zeng Z, Zong K, Han B, Bai X, Wang Y. The role of targeting glucose metabolism in chondrocytes in the pathogenesis and therapeutic mechanisms of osteoarthritis: a narrative review. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1319827. [PMID: 38510704 PMCID: PMC10951080 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1319827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative joint disease that can affect almost any joint, mainly resulting in joint dysfunction and pain. Worldwide, OA affects more than 240 million people and is one of the leading causes of activity limitation in adults. However, the pathogenesis of OA remains elusive, resulting in the lack of well-established clinical treatment strategies. Recently, energy metabolism alterations have provided new insights into the pathogenesis of OA. Accumulating evidence indicates that glucose metabolism plays a key role in maintaining cartilage homeostasis. Disorders of glucose metabolism can lead to chondrocyte hypertrophy and extracellular matrix degradation, and promote the occurrence and development of OA. This article systematically summarizes the regulatory effects of different enzymes and factors related to glucose metabolism in OA, as well as the mechanism and potential of various substances in the treatment of OA by affecting glucose metabolism. This provides a theoretical basis for a better understanding of the mechanism of OA progression and the development of optimal prevention and treatment strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Pi
- School of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Liqing Zeng
- School of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhipeng Zeng
- School of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Keqiang Zong
- School of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
- School of Physical Education, Qiqihar University, Heilongjiang, Qiqihar, China
| | - Bing Han
- School of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Xizhe Bai
- College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Wang
- School of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Liu F, Zhao Y, Pei Y, Lian F, Lin H. Role of the NF-kB signalling pathway in heterotopic ossification: biological and therapeutic significance. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:159. [PMID: 38439078 PMCID: PMC10910758 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01533-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Heterotopic ossification (HO) is a pathological process in which ectopic bone develops in soft tissues within the skeletal system. Endochondral ossification can be divided into the following types of acquired and inherited ossification: traumatic HO (tHO) and fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP). Nuclear transcription factor kappa B (NF-κB) signalling is essential during HO. NF-κB signalling can drive initial inflammation through interactions with the NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). In the chondrogenesis stage, NF-κB signalling can promote chondrogenesis through interactions with mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT (protein kinase B, PKB) and other molecules, including R-spondin 2 (Rspo2) and SRY-box 9 (Sox9). NF-κB expression can modulate osteoblast differentiation by upregulating secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) and interacting with mTOR signalling, bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signalling or integrin-mediated signalling under stretch stimulation in the final osteogenic stage. In FOP, mutated ACVR1-induced NF-κB signalling exacerbates inflammation in macrophages and can promote chondrogenesis and osteogenesis in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) through interactions with smad signalling and mTOR signalling. This review summarizes the molecular mechanism of NF-κB signalling during HO and highlights potential therapeutics for treating HO.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fangzhou Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
- Queen Mary School, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330006, China
| | - Yike Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
- Queen Mary School, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330006, China
| | - Yiran Pei
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
- Queen Mary School, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330006, China
| | - Fengyu Lian
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
- Queen Mary School, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330006, China
| | - Hui Lin
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Jaffery H, Huesa C, Chilaka S, Cole J, Doonan J, Akbar M, Dunning L, Tanner KE, van ‘t Hof RJ, McInnes IB, Carmody RJ, Goodyear CS. IĸB Protein BCL3 as a Controller of Osteogenesis and Bone Health. Arthritis Rheumatol 2023; 75:2148-2160. [PMID: 37410754 PMCID: PMC10952620 DOI: 10.1002/art.42639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE IĸB protein B cell lymphoma 3-encoded protein (BCL3) is a regulator of the NF-κB family of transcription factors. NF-κB signaling fundamentally influences the fate of bone-forming osteoblasts and bone-resorbing osteoclasts, but the role of BCL3 in bone biology has not been investigated. The objective of this study was to evaluate BCL3 in skeletal development, maintenance, and osteoarthritic pathology. METHODS To assess the contribution of BCL3 to skeletal homeostasis, neonatal mice (n = 6-14) lacking BCL3 (Bcl3-/- ) and wild-type (WT) controls were characterized for bone phenotype and density. To reveal the contribution to bone phenotype by the osteoblast compartment in Bcl3-/- mice, transcriptomic analysis of early osteogenic differentiation and cellular function (n = 3-7) were assessed. Osteoclast differentiation and function in Bcl3-/- mice (n = 3-5) was assessed. Adult 20-week Bcl3-/- and WT mice bone phenotype, strength, and turnover were assessed. A destabilization of the medial meniscus model of osteoarthritic osteophytogenesis was used to understand adult bone formation in Bcl3-/- mice (n = 11-13). RESULTS Evaluation of Bcl3-/- mice revealed congenitally increased bone density, long bone dwarfism, increased bone biomechanical strength, and altered bone turnover. Molecular and cellular characterization of mesenchymal precursors showed that Bcl3-/- cells displayed an accelerated osteogenic transcriptional profile that led to enhanced differentiation into osteoblasts with increased functional activity, which could be reversed with a mimetic peptide. In a model of osteoarthritis-induced osteophytogenesis, Bcl3-/- mice exhibited decreased pathological osteophyte formation (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Cumulatively, these findings demonstrate that BCL3 controls developmental mineralization to enable appropriate bone formation, whereas in a pathological setting, it contributes to skeletal pathology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hussain Jaffery
- School of Infection & ImmunityUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
| | - Carmen Huesa
- School of Infection & Immunity, University of Glasgow, Glasgow and Institute of Biomedical & Environmental Health, University of the West of ScotlandPaisleyUK
| | | | - John Cole
- School of Infection & ImmunityUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
| | - James Doonan
- School of Infection & ImmunityUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
| | - Moeed Akbar
- School of Infection & ImmunityUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
| | - Lynette Dunning
- Institute of Biomedical & Environmental HealthUniversity of the West of ScotlandPaisleyUK
| | - Kathleen Elizabeth Tanner
- James Watt School of EngineeringUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
- Present address:
School of Engineering and Materials Science and Institute of BioengineeringQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
| | - Rob J. van ‘t Hof
- Institute of Ageing and Chronic DiseaseUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolUK
| | - Iain B. McInnes
- School of Infection & ImmunityUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Flannery CR, Buddin KE, Begum L, Nasert MA, Catalfamo B, Semler EJ, Fortier LA. Composition and Bioactivity of a Placental Tissue Particulate (PTP-001) Indicate Greater Potential than Platelet-Rich Plasma for the Treatment of Osteoarthritis. Cartilage 2023; 14:467-472. [PMID: 36912174 PMCID: PMC10807739 DOI: 10.1177/19476035231159748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was conducted to compare therapeutically relevant properties of platelet-rich plasma (PRP), a commonly used autologous intra-articular treatment for osteoarthritis (OA), with those of a novel placental tissue particulate, PTP-001, which is in development as a regulated biologic treatment for knee OA. DESIGN Quantitative immunoassays were performed to determine the content of key growth/regulatory biofactors in PTP-001, and in leukocyte-rich (LR)-PRP or leukocyte-poor (LP)-PRP. An anti-inflammatory bioassay was used to evaluate the effects of each treatment on pro-inflammatory cytokine (tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α) production in a macrophage cell culture system. Gene expression experiments were conducted using a co-culture system of human synoviocytes (pre-stimulated with interleukin (IL)-1β) and articular chondrocytes, with quantitative polymerase chain reaction analyses of the separate cellular compartments. RESULTS The concentrations of several biofactors (e.g., basic fibroblast growth factor, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteases-3, interleukin-1 receptor antagonist) representative of diverse disease-relevant mechanisms of action were significantly higher for PTP-001 relative to LR-PRP or LP-PRP. PTP-001 and PRP preparations were able to reduce TNF-α production in macrophage cell cultures; however, greater variability was observed for PRP in comparison with PTP-001. In the chondrocyte/synoviocyte co-culture experiments, PTP-001 and LR-PRP (but not LP-PRP) significantly reduced chondrocyte MMP13 expression in cultures containing IL-1-pretreated synoviocytes. In addition, ADAMTS5 expression was reduced in the chondrocyte compartment following treatment with PTP-001 relative to PRP. CONCLUSION These findings support evidence of a potent, multifactorial mechanism of action for a consistently manufactured biologic (PTP-001), which may be of greater therapeutic benefit in comparison with more heterogeneous preparations of PRP which may be generated at the time of treatment.
Collapse
|
7
|
Wytrwal M, Szmajnta K, Kucharski M, Nowak J, Oclon E, Kepczynski M. Kartogenin-loaded liposomes coated with alkylated chondroitin sulfate for cartilage repair. Int J Pharm 2023; 646:123436. [PMID: 37742822 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Cartilage loss is a common clinical problem, which leads to significant pain, dysfunction, and even disability. As a result, there is growing interest in using small, non-protein molecules to protect or repair cartilage. Kartogenin (KGN), a small hydrophobic molecule, shows chondroprotective and chondrogenic properties. In this study, we embedded KGN in liposomes, and the whole system was stabilized by covering it with n-octadecylated (at two different substitution degrees) chondroitin sulfate (CS) derivatives. We investigated the interactions of empty liposomes and KGN-loaded liposomes with both CS derivatives using various physicochemical techniques, which revealed that hydrophobically modified CSs can interact with both neutral lipid membrane and negatively charged loaded-KGN lipid membrane. The cytotoxicity and chondrogenic properties of the polysaccharides and liposome-CS formulations of KGN were analyzed towards mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). The results showed that the alkylated CS exhibited cytotoxic properties. The higher substituted CS self-assembles into stable nanoaggregates that can form a corona on the surface of liposomes, eliminating the overall cytotoxicity of this polymer. However, all tested chondrogenic markers' expression levels are enhanced for KGN-loaded liposomes and coated by lower substituted CS. Furthermore, the undesirable hypertrophy effect for this formulation significantly decreased compared to pure polymeric derivative.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Wytrwal
- Academic Centre for Materials and Nanotechnology, AGH University of Science and Technology, al. A. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Szmajnta
- Academic Centre for Materials and Nanotechnology, AGH University of Science and Technology, al. A. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
| | - Miroslaw Kucharski
- Department of Animal Physiology and Endocrinology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, al. A Mickiewicza 24/28, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
| | - Jakub Nowak
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7A, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Ewa Oclon
- Laboratory of Recombinant Proteins Production, Centre for Experimental and Innovative Medicine, University of Agriculture in Krakow, 1C Redzina Street, 30-248 Krakow, Poland
| | - Mariusz Kepczynski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Niu J, Feng F, Zhang S, Zhu Y, Song R, Li J, Zhao L, Wang H, Zhao Y, Zhang M. Thrombospondin-2 Couples Pressure-Promoted Chondrogenesis through NF-κB Signaling. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2023; 20:753-766. [PMID: 37219820 PMCID: PMC10352201 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-023-00548-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our previous studies found that the mechanical stimulation promote chondrogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), along with up-regulation of thrombospondin-2 (TSP-2). The aim of this study was to explore the effect of thrombospondin-2 (TSP-2) on the mechanical pressure-stimulated chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs and the possible role of NF-κB signaling in the mechano-chemical coupling regulation toward chondrogenesis. METHODS Rat BMSCs were isolated, cultured and identified. The time-dependent expressions of TSP-2 and Sox9 in BMSCs under a dynamic mechanical pressure of 0-120 kPa at 0.1 Hz for 1 h were tested by qPCR and Western blotting. The role of TSP-2 in chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs under mechanical pressure was validated by using small interfering RNA. The impact of TSP-2 and mechanical pressure on chondrogenesis were detected and the downstream signaling molecules were explored using Western blotting. RESULTS Mechanical pressure stimulation of 0-120 kPa for 1 h significantly upregulated the expression of TSP-2 in BMSCs. The expression of the chondrogenesis markers Sox9, Aggrecan, and Col-II were all upregulated under dynamic mechanical pressure or TSP-2 stimulation. Additional exogenous TSP-2 may potentiate the chondrogenic effect of mechanical stimulation. After knock down TSP-2, the upregulation of Sox9, Aggrecan and Col-II under mechanical pressure was inhibited. The NF-κB signaling pathway responded to both dynamic pressure and TSP-2 stimulation, and the cartilage-promoting effect was blocked by an NF-κB signaling inhibitor. CONCLUSION TSP-2 plays an essential role in the chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs under mechanical pressure. NF-κB signaling is involved in the mechano-chemical coupling of TSP-2 and mechanical pressure for the chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Department of General Dentistry and Emergency, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China
- The College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Department of General Dentistry and Emergency, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Songbai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Department of General Dentistry and Emergency, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Department of General Dentistry and Emergency, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Runfang Song
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Department of General Dentistry and Emergency, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Junrong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Department of General Dentistry and Emergency, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Department of General Dentistry and Emergency, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Department of General Dentistry and Emergency, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Department of General Dentistry and Emergency, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xi'an People's Hospital (Xi'an Fourth Hospital), Northwest University, Xi'an, 710004, People's Republic of China.
| | - Min Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Department of General Dentistry and Emergency, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Stassen RHMJ, van den Akker GGH, Surtel DAM, Housmans BAC, Cremers A, Caron MMJ, Smagul A, Peffers MJ, van Rhijn LW, Welting TJM. Unravelling the Basic Calcium Phosphate crystal-dependent chondrocyte protein secretome; a role for TGF-β signaling. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2023; 31:1035-1046. [PMID: 37075856 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2023.02.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Basic Calcium Phosphate (BCP) crystals play an active role in the progression of osteoarthritis (OA). However, the cellular consequences remain largely unknown. Therefore, we characterized for the first time the changes in the protein secretome of human OA articular chondrocytes as a result of BCP stimulation using two unbiased proteomic analysis methods. METHOD Isolated human OA articular chondrocytes were stimulated with BCP crystals and examined by Quantitative Reverse Transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) and enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA) after twenty-four and forty-eight hours. Forty-eight hours conditioned media were analyzed by label-free liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and an antibody array. The activity of BCP dependent Transforming Growth Factor Beta (TGF-β) signaling was analyzed by RT-qPCR and luciferase reporter assays. The molecular consequences regarding BCP-dependent TGF-β signaling on BCP-dependent Interleukin 6 (IL-6) were investigated using specific pathway inhibitors. RESULTS Synthesized BCP crystals induced IL-6 expression and secretion upon stimulation of human articular chondrocytes. Concomitant induction of catabolic gene expression was observed. Analysis of conditioned media revealed a complex and diverse response with a large number of proteins involved in TGF-β signaling, both in activation of latent TGF-β and TGF-β superfamily members, which were increased compared to non-stimulated OA chondrocytes. Activity of this BCP driven TGF-β signaling was confirmed by increased activity of expression of TGF-β target genes and luciferase reporters. Inhibition of BCP driven TGF-β signaling resulted in decreased IL-6 expression and secretion with a moderate effect on catabolic gene expression. CONCLUSION BCP crystal stimulation resulted in a complex and diverse chondrocyte protein secretome response. An important role for BCP-dependent TGF-β signaling was identified in development of a pro-inflammatory environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R H M J Stassen
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - G G H van den Akker
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - D A M Surtel
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - B A C Housmans
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - A Cremers
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - M M J Caron
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - A Smagul
- Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, UK
| | - M J Peffers
- Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, UK
| | - L W van Rhijn
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center +, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - T J M Welting
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center +, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Halvorsen SC, Benita Y, Hopton M, Hoppe B, Gunnlaugsson HO, Korgaonkar P, Vanderburg CR, Nielsen GP, Trepanowski N, Cheah JH, Frosch MP, Schwab JH, Rosenberg AE, Hornicek FJ, Sassi S. Transcriptional Profiling Supports the Notochordal Origin of Chordoma and Its Dependence on a TGFΒ1-TBXT Network. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2023; 193:532-547. [PMID: 36804377 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2023.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
Chordoma is a rare malignant tumor demonstrating notochordal differentiation. It is dependent on brachyury (TBXT), a hallmark notochordal gene and transcription factor, and shares histologic features and the same anatomic location as the notochord. In this study, we perform a molecular comparison of chordoma and notochord to identify dysregulated cellular pathways. The lack of a molecular reference from appropriate control tissue limits our understanding of chordoma and its relationship to notochord. Accordingly, we conducted an unbiased comparison of chordoma, human notochord, and an atlas of normal and cancerous tissue using gene expression profiling to clarify the chordoma/notochord relationship and potentially identify novel drug targets. We found striking consistency in gene expression profiles between chordoma and notochord, supporting the hypothesis that chordoma develops from notochordal remnants. We identified a 12-gene diagnostic chordoma signature and found that the TBXT/transforming growth factor (TGF)-β/SOX6/SOX9 pathway is hyperactivated in the tumor, suggesting that pathways associated with chondrogenesis are a central driver of chordoma development. Experimental validation in chordoma cells confirms these findings and emphasizes the dependence of chordoma proliferation and survival on TGF-β. Our computational and experimental evidence provides the first molecular connection between notochord and chordoma and identifies core members of a chordoma regulatory pathway involving TBXT. This pathway provides new therapeutic targets for this unique malignant neoplasm and highlights TGF-β as a prime druggable candidate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan C Halvorsen
- Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Yair Benita
- Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Megan Hopton
- Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Brooke Hoppe
- Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Hilmar Orn Gunnlaugsson
- Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Parimal Korgaonkar
- Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Charles R Vanderburg
- Harvard NeuroDiscovery Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts
| | - G Petur Nielsen
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Nicole Trepanowski
- Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jaime H Cheah
- High Throughput Sciences Facility, Koch Institute of MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Matthew P Frosch
- C.S. Kubik Laboratory for Neuropathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts
| | - Joseph H Schwab
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Andrew E Rosenberg
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Francis J Hornicek
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - Slim Sassi
- Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Yao Q, Wu X, Tao C, Gong W, Chen M, Qu M, Zhong Y, He T, Chen S, Xiao G. Osteoarthritis: pathogenic signaling pathways and therapeutic targets. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:56. [PMID: 36737426 PMCID: PMC9898571 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01330-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 192.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic degenerative joint disorder that leads to disability and affects more than 500 million population worldwide. OA was believed to be caused by the wearing and tearing of articular cartilage, but it is now more commonly referred to as a chronic whole-joint disorder that is initiated with biochemical and cellular alterations in the synovial joint tissues, which leads to the histological and structural changes of the joint and ends up with the whole tissue dysfunction. Currently, there is no cure for OA, partly due to a lack of comprehensive understanding of the pathological mechanism of the initiation and progression of the disease. Therefore, a better understanding of pathological signaling pathways and key molecules involved in OA pathogenesis is crucial for therapeutic target design and drug development. In this review, we first summarize the epidemiology of OA, including its prevalence, incidence and burdens, and OA risk factors. We then focus on the roles and regulation of the pathological signaling pathways, such as Wnt/β-catenin, NF-κB, focal adhesion, HIFs, TGFβ/ΒΜP and FGF signaling pathways, and key regulators AMPK, mTOR, and RUNX2 in the onset and development of OA. In addition, the roles of factors associated with OA, including MMPs, ADAMTS/ADAMs, and PRG4, are discussed in detail. Finally, we provide updates on the current clinical therapies and clinical trials of biological treatments and drugs for OA. Research advances in basic knowledge of articular cartilage biology and OA pathogenesis will have a significant impact and translational value in developing OA therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Yao
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Xiaohao Wu
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Chu Tao
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Weiyuan Gong
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Mingjue Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Minghao Qu
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yiming Zhong
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Tailin He
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Sheng Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Guozhi Xiao
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ye Y, Zhou J. The protective activity of natural flavonoids against osteoarthritis by targeting NF-κB signaling pathway. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1117489. [PMID: 36998478 PMCID: PMC10043491 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1117489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a typical joint disease associated with chronic inflammation. The nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) pathway plays an important role in inflammatory activity and inhibiting NF-κB-mediated inflammation can be a potential strategy for treating OA. Flavonoids are a class of naturally occurring polyphenols with anti-inflammatory properties. Structurally, natural flavonoids can be divided into several sub-groups, including flavonols, flavones, flavanols/catechins, flavanones, anthocyanins, and isoflavones. Increasing evidence demonstrates that natural flavonoids exhibit protective activity against the pathological changes of OA by inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway. Potentially, natural flavonoids may suppress NF-κB signaling-mediated inflammatory responses, ECM degradation, and chondrocyte apoptosis. The different biological actions of natural flavonoids against the NF-κB signaling pathway in OA chondrocytes might be associated with the differentially substituted groups on the structures. In this review, the efficacy and action mechanism of natural flavonoids against the development of OA are discussed by targeting the NF-κB signaling pathway. Potentially, flavonoids could become useful inhibitors of the NF-κB signaling pathway for the therapeutic management of OA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongjun Ye
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Jianguo Zhou
- Department of Joint Surgery, Ganzhou People’s Hospital, Ganzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jianguo Zhou,
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3β inhibits BMSCs Chondrogenesis in Inflammation via the Cross-Reaction between NF-κB and β-Catenin in the Nucleus. Stem Cells Int 2022; 2022:5670403. [PMID: 36132167 PMCID: PMC9484947 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5670403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation can influence the pluripotency and self-renewal of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), thereby altering their cartilage regeneration ability. Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were isolated and found to be defective in differentiation potential in the interleukin-1β- (IL-1β-) induced inflammatory microenvironment. Glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) is an evolutionarily conserved serine/threonine kinase that plays a role in numerous cellular processes. The role of GSK-3β in inflammation may be related to the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway and the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, whose mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we found that GSK-3β can inhibit chondrogenesis of IL-1β-impaired BMSCs by disrupting metabolic balance and promoting cell apoptosis. By using the inhibitors LiCl and SN50, we demonstrated that GSK-3β regulates the chondrogenesis via the NF-κB and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways and possibly mediates the cross-reaction between NF-κB and β-catenin in the nucleus. Given the molecular mechanisms of GSK-3β in chondrogenic differentiation in inflammation, GSK-3β is a crucial target for the treatment of inflammation-induced cartilage disease.
Collapse
|
14
|
Bao C, Zhu S, Song K, He C. HK2: a potential regulator of osteoarthritis via glycolytic and non-glycolytic pathways. Cell Commun Signal 2022; 20:132. [PMID: 36042519 PMCID: PMC9426234 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-022-00943-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is an age-related chronic degenerative joint disease where the main characteristics include progressive degeneration of cartilage, varying degrees of synovitis, and periarticular osteogenesis. However, the underlying factors involved in OA pathogenesis remain elusive which has resulted in poor clinical treatment effect. Recently, glucose metabolism changes provide a new perspective on the pathogenesis of OA. Under the stimulation of external environment, the metabolic pathway of chondrocytes tends to change from oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) to aerobic glycolysis. Previous studies have demonstrated that glycolysis of synovial tissue is increased in OA. The hexokinase (HK) is the first rate limiting enzyme in aerobic glycolysis, participating and catalyzing the main pathway of glucose utilization. An isoform of HKs, HK2 is considered to be a key regulator of glucose metabolism, promotes the transformation of glycolysis from OXPHOS to aerobic glycolysis. Moreover, the expression level of HK2 in OA synovial tissue (FLS) was higher than that in control group, which indicated the potential therapeutic effect of HK2 in OA. However, there is no summary to help us understand the potential therapeutic role of glucose metabolism in OA. Therefore, this review focuses on the properties of HK2 and existing research concerning HK2 and OA. We also highlight the potential role and mechanism of HK2 in OA. Video abstract
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chuncha Bao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Sichuan Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Siyi Zhu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China. .,Sichuan Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Kangping Song
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Sichuan Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengqi He
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China. .,Sichuan Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Steinbusch MMF, van den Akker GGH, Cremers A, Witlox AMA, Staal HM, Peffers MJ, van Rhijn LW, Caron MMJ, Welting TJM. Adaptation of the protein translational apparatus during ATDC5 chondrogenic differentiation. Noncoding RNA Res 2022; 7:55-65. [PMID: 35261930 PMCID: PMC8881200 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2022.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Ribosome biogenesis is integrated with many cellular processes including proliferation, differentiation and oncogenic events. Chondrogenic proliferation and differentiation require a high cellular translational capacity to facilitate cartilaginous extracellular matrix production. We here investigated the expression dynamics of factors involved in ribosome biogenesis during in vitro chondrogenic differentiation and determined whether protein translation capacity adapts to different phases of chondrogenic differentiation. Materials SnoRNA expression during ATDC5 differentiation was analyzed by RNA sequencing of samples acquired from day 0 (progenitor stage), 7 (chondrogenic stage) and day 14 (hypertrophic stage). RT-qPCR was used to determine expression of fibrillarin, dyskerin, UBF-1, Sox9, Col2a1, Runx2, Col10a1 mRNAs and 18S, 5.8S and 28S rRNAs. Protein expression of fibrillarin, dyskerin and UBF-1 was determined by immunoblotting. Ribosomal RNA content per cell was determined by calculating rRNA RT-qPCR signals relative to DNA content (SYBR Green assay). Total protein translational activity was evaluated with a puromycilation assay and polysome profiling. Results As a result of initiation of chondrogenic differentiation (Δt0-t7), 21 snoRNAs were differentially expressed (DE). Hypertrophic differentiation caused DE of 23 snoRNAs (Δt7-t14) and 43 when t0 was compared to t14. DE snoRNAs, amongst others, target nucleotide modifications in the 28S rRNA peptidyl transferase center and the 18S rRNA decoding center. UBF-1, fibrillarin and dyskerin expression increased as function of differentiation and displayed highest fold induction at day 5-6 in differentiation. Ribosomal RNA content per cell was significantly increased at day 7, but not at day 14 in differentiation. Similar dynamics in translational capacity and monosomal ribosome fraction were observed during differentiation. Conclusion The expression of a great number of ribosome biogenesis factors is altered during chondrogenic differentiation of ATDC5 cells, which is accompanied by significant changes in cellular translational activity. This elucidation of ribosome biogenesis dynamics in chondrogenic differentiation models enables the further understanding of the role of ribosome biogenesis and activity during chondrocyte cell commitment and their roles in human skeletal development diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mandy M F Steinbusch
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Guus G H van den Akker
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Andy Cremers
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Adhiambo M A Witlox
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Heleen M Staal
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Mandy J Peffers
- Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, William Henry Duncan Building, 6 West Derby Street, L7 8TX, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Lodewijk W van Rhijn
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Marjolein M J Caron
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Tim J M Welting
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Merkely G, Chisari E, Lola Rosso C, Lattermann C. Do Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs Have a Deleterious Effect on Cartilage Repair? A Systematic Review. Cartilage 2021; 13:326S-341S. [PMID: 31216865 PMCID: PMC8808836 DOI: 10.1177/1947603519855770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to systematically review the available evidence regarding any plausible deleterious effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) on chondrocytes, chondrocyte differentiation, and allograft or autograft incorporation after cartilage repair procedures. DESIGN Three databases (PubMed, Science Direct, and Cochrane Library) were screened for eligible studies: investigating the effects of NSAIDs on chondrocytes, chondrogenic differentiation, or allograft/autograft incorporation. This evaluation included studies of any level of evidence, written in English, reporting clinical or preclinical results, published in peer review journals and dealing with our topic. All articles evaluating the effects of NSAIDs on either osteoarthritic (OA) chondrocyte samples or OA chondrocyte models were excluded. Moreover, articles about bone healing in which allograft or autograft incorporation was not investigated were also excluded. Methodologic quality assessment was performed for in vivo animal studies according to ARRIVE guidelines, and risk of bias of each included study was identified using the ROBINS-I tool. RESULTS Eighteen studies were included in the review: 4 in vitro studies, 13 animal studies, and 1 human study. According to these studies NSAIDs have no detrimental effect on healthy mature chondrocytes; however, these drugs influence chondrocyte differentiation and graft incorporation and therefore may interfere with chondrogenesis and incorporation after transplantation of chondrocytes or osteochondral grafts. CONCLUSION The use of NSAIDs, systemic or local, after cartilage repair procedures should be avoided unless a substantial clinical benefit would otherwise be withheld from the patient. More human studies are needed to analyze the effect of NSAIDs on cartilage repair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gergo Merkely
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery,
Division of Sports Medicine, Center for Cartilage Repair, Brigham and Women’s
Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Traumatology, Semmelweis
University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Emanuele Chisari
- Department of General Surgery and
Medical Surgical Specialties, Section of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University
Hospital Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | | | - Christian Lattermann
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery,
Division of Sports Medicine, Center for Cartilage Repair, Brigham and Women’s
Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Chen Y, Pethö A, Ganapathy A, George A. DPP promotes odontogenic differentiation of DPSCs through NF-κB signaling. Sci Rep 2021; 11:22076. [PMID: 34764323 PMCID: PMC8586344 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-01359-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Dentin phosphophoryn synthesized and processed predominantly by the odontoblasts, functions as both structural and signaling protein. Mechanistic studies revealed that DPP stimulation of DPSCs positively impacted the differentiation of DPSCs into functional odontoblasts. Results show that NF-κB signaling and transcriptional activation of genes involved in odontoblast differentiation were influenced by DPP signaling. Specifically, RelA/p65 subunit of NF-κB was identified as being responsible for the initiation of the differentiation cascade. Confocal imaging demonstrated the nuclear translocation of p65 with DPP stimulation. Moreover, direct binding of nuclear NF-κB p65 subunit to the promoter elements of Runx2, Osx, OCN, MMP1, MMP3, BMP4 and PTX3 were identified by ChIP analysis. Pharmacological inhibition of the NF-κB pathway using TPCA-1, a selective inhibitor of IKK-2 and JSH-23, an inhibitor that prevents nuclear translocation and DNA binding of p65 showed impairment in the differentiation process. Functional studies using Alizarin-Red staining showed robust mineral deposits with DPP stimulation and sparse deposition with defective odontoblast differentiation in the presence of inhibitors. In vivo expression of NF-κB targets such as OSX, OCN, PTX3 and p65 in odontoblasts and dental pulp cells from DSPP null mouse was lower when compared with the wild-type. Overall, the results suggest an important role for DPP-mediated NF-κB activation in the transcriptional regulation of early odontogenic markers that promote differentiation of DPSCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yinghua Chen
- Brodie Tooth Development Genetics and Regenerative Medicine Research Laboratory, Department of Oral Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Adrienn Pethö
- Brodie Tooth Development Genetics and Regenerative Medicine Research Laboratory, Department of Oral Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Amudha Ganapathy
- Brodie Tooth Development Genetics and Regenerative Medicine Research Laboratory, Department of Oral Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Anne George
- Brodie Tooth Development Genetics and Regenerative Medicine Research Laboratory, Department of Oral Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Schmidt M, Weidemann A, Poser C, Bigot A, von Maltzahn J. Stimulation of Non-canonical NF-κB Through Lymphotoxin-β-Receptor Impairs Myogenic Differentiation and Regeneration of Skeletal Muscle. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:721543. [PMID: 34676210 PMCID: PMC8523804 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.721543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Myogenic differentiation, muscle stem cell functionality, and regeneration of skeletal muscle are cellular processes under tight control of various signaling pathways. Here, we investigated the role of non-canonical NF-κB signaling in myogenic differentiation, muscle stem cell functionality, and regeneration of skeletal muscle. We stimulated non-canonical NF-κB signaling with an agonistically acting antibody of the lymphotoxin beta receptor (LTβR). Interestingly, we found that stimulation of non-canonical NF-κB signaling through the LTβR agonist impairs myogenic differentiation, muscle stem cell function, and regeneration of skeletal muscle. Furthermore, we show that stimulation of non-canonical NF-κB signaling by the LTβR agonist coincides with activation of canonical NF-κB signaling. We suggest a direct crosstalk between canonical and non-canonical NF-κB signaling during myogenic differentiation which is required for proper myogenic differentiation and thereby regeneration of skeletal muscle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Schmidt
- Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Anja Weidemann
- Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Christine Poser
- Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Anne Bigot
- Center of Research in Myology-UMRS 974, Institute of Myology, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Caron MMJ, Eveque M, Cillero-Pastor B, Heeren RMA, Housmans B, Derks K, Cremers A, Peffers MJ, van Rhijn LW, van den Akker G, Welting TJM. Sox9 Determines Translational Capacity During Early Chondrogenic Differentiation of ATDC5 Cells by Regulating Expression of Ribosome Biogenesis Factors and Ribosomal Proteins. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:686096. [PMID: 34235151 PMCID: PMC8256280 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.686096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction In addition to the well-known cartilage extracellular matrix-related expression of Sox9, we demonstrated that chondrogenic differentiation of progenitor cells is driven by a sharply defined bi-phasic expression of Sox9: an immediate early and a late (extracellular matrix associated) phase expression. In this study, we aimed to determine what biological processes are driven by Sox9 during this early phase of chondrogenic differentiation. Materials Sox9 expression in ATDC5 cells was knocked down by siRNA transfection at the day before chondrogenic differentiation or at day 6 of differentiation. Samples were harvested at 2 h and 7 days of differentiation. The transcriptomes (RNA-seq approach) and proteomes (Label-free proteomics approach) were compared using pathway and network analyses. Total protein translational capacity was evaluated with the SuNSET assay, active ribosomes were evaluated with polysome profiling, and ribosome modus was evaluated with bicistronic reporter assays. Results Early Sox9 knockdown severely inhibited chondrogenic differentiation weeks later. Sox9 expression during the immediate early phase of ATDC5 chondrogenic differentiation regulated the expression of ribosome biogenesis factors and ribosomal protein subunits. This was accompanied by decreased translational capacity following Sox9 knockdown, and this correlated to lower amounts of active mono- and polysomes. Moreover, cap- versus IRES-mediated translation was altered by Sox9 knockdown. Sox9 overexpression was able to induce reciprocal effects to the Sox9 knockdown. Conclusion Here, we identified an essential new function for Sox9 during early chondrogenic differentiation. A role for Sox9 in regulation of ribosome amount, activity, and/or composition may be crucial in preparation for the demanding proliferative phase and subsequent cartilage extracellular matrix production of chondroprogenitors in the growth plate in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marjolein M J Caron
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Maxime Eveque
- Maastricht MultiModal Molecular Imaging Institute (M4I), Division of Imaging Mass Spectrometry, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Berta Cillero-Pastor
- Maastricht MultiModal Molecular Imaging Institute (M4I), Division of Imaging Mass Spectrometry, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Ron M A Heeren
- Maastricht MultiModal Molecular Imaging Institute (M4I), Division of Imaging Mass Spectrometry, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Bas Housmans
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Kasper Derks
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Andy Cremers
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Mandy J Peffers
- Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Lodewijk W van Rhijn
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Guus van den Akker
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Tim J M Welting
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Caron MMJ, Ripmeester EGJ, van den Akker G, Wijnands NKAP, Steijns J, Surtel DAM, Cremers A, Emans PJ, van Rhijn LW, Welting TJM. Discovery of bone morphogenetic protein 7-derived peptide sequences that attenuate the human osteoarthritic chondrocyte phenotype. MOLECULAR THERAPY-METHODS & CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT 2021; 21:247-261. [PMID: 33850953 PMCID: PMC8022858 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2021.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Treatment of osteoarthritis (OA) is mainly symptomatic by alleviating pain to postpone total joint replacement. Bone morphogenetic protein 7 (BMP7) is a candidate morphogen for experimental OA treatment that favorably alters the chondrocyte and cartilage phenotype. Intra-articular delivery and sustained release of a recombinant growth factor for treating OA are challenging, whereas the use of peptide technology potentially circumvents many of these challenges. In this study, we screened a high-resolution BMP7 peptide library and discovered several overlapping peptide sequences from two regions in BMP7 with nanomolar bioactivity that attenuated the pathological OA chondrocyte phenotype. A single exposure of OA chondrocytes to peptides p[63-82] and p[113-132] ameliorated the OA chondrocyte phenotype for up to 8 days, and peptides were bioactive on chondrocytes in OA synovial fluid. Peptides p[63-82] and p[113-132] required NKX3-2 for their bioactivity on chondrocytes and provoke changes in SMAD signaling activity. The bioactivity of p[63-82] depended on specific evolutionary conserved sequence elements common to BMP family members. Intra-articular injection of a rat medial meniscal tear (MMT) model with peptide p[63-82] attenuated cartilage degeneration. Together, this study identified two regions in BMP7 from which bioactive peptides are able to attenuate the OA chondrocyte phenotype. These BMP7-derived peptides provide potential novel disease-modifying treatment options for OA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marjolein M J Caron
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Ellen G J Ripmeester
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Guus van den Akker
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Nina K A P Wijnands
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Jessica Steijns
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Don A M Surtel
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Andy Cremers
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Pieter J Emans
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands.,Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Lodewijk W van Rhijn
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands.,Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Tim J M Welting
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands.,Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ Maastricht, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Caron MMJ, van Rietbergen B, Castermans TMR, Haartmans MJJ, van Rhijn LW, Welting TJM, Witlox AMA. Evaluation of impaired growth plate development of long bones in skeletally immature mice by antirheumatic agents. J Orthop Res 2021; 39:553-564. [PMID: 32740982 PMCID: PMC7984053 DOI: 10.1002/jor.24819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Restriction of physical growth and development is a known problem in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). However, the effect of medical treatment for JIA on skeletal growth in affected children has not been properly investigated. We, therefore, hypothesize that naproxen and methotrexate (MTX) affect endochondral ossification and will lead to reduced skeletal development. Treatment of ATDC5 cells, an in vitro model for endochondral ossification, with naproxen or MTX resulted in increased chondrogenic but decreased hypertrophic differentiation. In vivo, healthy growing C57BL/6 mice were treated with naproxen, MTX, or placebo for 10 weeks. At 15 weeks postnatal, both the length of the tibia and the length of the femur were significantly reduced in the naproxen- and MTX-treated mice compared to their controls. Growth plate analysis revealed a significantly thicker proliferative zone, while the hypertrophic zone was significantly thinner in both experimental groups compared to their controls, comparable to the in vitro results. Micro-computed tomography analysis of the subchondral bone region directly below the growth disc showed significantly altered bone microarchitecture in naproxen and MTX groups. In addition, the involvement of the PTHrP-Ihh loop in naproxen- and MTX-treated cells was shown. Overall, these results demonstrate that naproxen and MTX have a profound effect on endochondral ossification during growth plate development, abnormal subchondral bone morphology, and reduced bone length. A better understanding of how medication influences the development of the growth plate will improve understanding of endochondral ossification and reveal possibilities to improve the treatment of pediatric patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marjolein M. J. Caron
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research InstituteMaastricht University Medical CenterMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | - Bert van Rietbergen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research InstituteMaastricht University Medical CenterMaastrichtThe Netherlands
- Orthopaedic Biomechanics, Department of Biomedical EngineeringEindhoven University of TechnologyEindhovenThe Netherlands
| | | | - Mirella J. J. Haartmans
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research InstituteMaastricht University Medical CenterMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | - Lodewijk W. van Rhijn
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research InstituteMaastricht University Medical CenterMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | - Tim J. M. Welting
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research InstituteMaastricht University Medical CenterMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | - Adhiambo M. A. Witlox
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research InstituteMaastricht University Medical CenterMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Hao Y, Lu C, Zhang B, Xu Z, Guo H, Zhang G. Identifying the Potential Differentially Expressed miRNAs and mRNAs in Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head Based on Integrated Analysis. Clin Interv Aging 2021; 16:187-202. [PMID: 33542623 PMCID: PMC7851582 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s289479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Osteonecrosis of the femoral head is a common disease of the hip that leads to severe pain or joint disability. We aimed to identify potential differentially expressed miRNAs and mRNAs in osteonecrosis of the femoral head. Methods The data of miRNA and mRNA were firstly downloaded from the database. Secondly, the regulatory network of miRNAs-mRNAs was constructed, followed by function annotation of mRNAs. Thirdly, an in vitro experiment was applied to validate the expression of miRNAs and targeted mRNAs. Finally, GSE123568 dataset was used for electronic validation and diagnostic analysis of targeted mRNAs. Results Several regulatory interaction pairs between miRNA and mRNAs were identified, such as hsa-miR-378c-WNT3A/DACT1/CSF1, hsa-let-7a-5p-RCAN2/IL9R, hsa-miR-28-5p-RELA, hsa-miR-3200-5p-RELN, and hsa-miR-532-5p-CLDN18/CLDN10. Interestingly, CLDN10, CLDN18, CSF1, DACT1, IL9R, RCAN2, RELN, and WNT3A had the diagnostic value for osteonecrosis of the femoral head. Wnt signaling pathway (involved WNT3A), chemokine signaling pathway (involved RELA), focal adhesion and ECM-receptor interaction (involved RELN), cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) (involved CLDN18 and CLDN10), cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, and hematopoietic cell lineage (involved CSF1 and IL9R) were identified. Conclusion The identified differentially expressed miRNAs and mRNAs may be involved in the pathology of osteonecrosis of the femoral head.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yangquan Hao
- Department of Osteonecrosis and Joint Reconstruction, Honghui Hospital Xian Jiao Tong University Health Science Center, Xian, Shaanxi 710068, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Lu
- Department of Osteonecrosis and Joint Reconstruction, Honghui Hospital Xian Jiao Tong University Health Science Center, Xian, Shaanxi 710068, People's Republic of China
| | - Baogang Zhang
- Department of Osteonecrosis and Joint Reconstruction, Honghui Hospital Xian Jiao Tong University Health Science Center, Xian, Shaanxi 710068, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaochen Xu
- Department of Osteonecrosis and Joint Reconstruction, Honghui Hospital Xian Jiao Tong University Health Science Center, Xian, Shaanxi 710068, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Guo
- Department of Osteonecrosis and Joint Reconstruction, Honghui Hospital Xian Jiao Tong University Health Science Center, Xian, Shaanxi 710068, People's Republic of China
| | - Gaokui Zhang
- Department of Osteonecrosis and Joint Reconstruction, Honghui Hospital Xian Jiao Tong University Health Science Center, Xian, Shaanxi 710068, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Chen CY, Li C, Ke CJ, Sun JS, Lin FH. Kartogenin Enhances Chondrogenic Differentiation of MSCs in 3D Tri-Copolymer Scaffolds and the Self-Designed Bioreactor System. Biomolecules 2021; 11:115. [PMID: 33467170 PMCID: PMC7829855 DOI: 10.3390/biom11010115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Human cartilage has relatively slow metabolism compared to other normal tissues. Cartilage damage is of great clinical consequence since cartilage has limited intrinsic healing potential. Cartilage tissue engineering is a rapidly emerging field that holds great promise for tissue function repair and artificial/engineered tissue substitutes. However, current clinical therapies for cartilage repair are less than satisfactory and rarely recover full function or return the diseased tissue to its native healthy state. Kartogenin (KGN), a small molecule, can promote chondrocyte differentiation both in vitro and in vivo. The purpose of this research is to optimize the chondrogenic process in mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based chondrogenic constructs with KGN for potential use in cartilage tissue engineering. In this study, we demonstrate that KGN treatment can promote MSC condensation and cell cluster formation within a tri-copolymer scaffold. Expression of Acan, Sox9, and Col2a1 was significantly up-regulated in three-dimensional (3D) culture conditions. The lacuna-like structure showed active deposition of type II collagen and aggrecan deposition. We expect these results will open new avenues for the use of small molecules in chondrogenic differentiation protocols in combination with scaffolds, which may yield better strategies for cartilage tissue engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Yun Chen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan 32001, Taiwan; or
| | - Chunching Li
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10002, Taiwan;
| | - Cherng-Jyh Ke
- Biomaterials Translational Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40202, Taiwan;
- Center for General Education, China Medical University, Taichung 40202, Taiwan
- Master Program for Digital Health Innovation, China Medical University, Taichung 40202, Taiwan
- Master Program in Technology Management, China Medical University, Taichung 40202, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Sheng Sun
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 10002, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40202, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Huei Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10002, Taiwan;
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine (I-BEN), National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Alahdal M, Duan L, Ouyang H, Wang D. The role of indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase 1 in the osteoarthritis. Am J Transl Res 2020; 12:2322-2343. [PMID: 32655775 PMCID: PMC7344072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic degenerative joint disease and a leading cause of disability. It involves articular cartilage destruction and a whole joint inflammation. In spite of OA pathogenesis is still unclear, new studies on the OA pathophysiological aetiology and immunomodulation therapy continuously achieve significant advances with new concepts. Here, we focus on the indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase1 (IDO1) activity in the osteoarthritis (OA), which is one of the noticeable enzymes in the synovial fluid of arthritis patients. It was recognized as an essential mediator of autoreactive B and T cell responses in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and an interesting therapeutic target against RA. However, the role IDO1 plays in the OA pathogenesis hasn't been discussed. The new OA experimental analysis evidenced IDO1 overexpression in the synovial fluid of OA patients, and recent studies reported that IDO1 metabolites were found higher in the OA synovial fluid than RA and spondyloarthropathies (SpA) patients. Moreover, the positive relation of IDO1 metabolites with OA pain and joint stiffness has been confirmed. Thus, the IDO1 plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of OA. In this review, the role IDO1 plays in the OA pathogenesis has been deeply discussed. It could be a promising target in the immunotherapy of OA disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Murad Alahdal
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shenzhen Laboratory of Digital Orthopedic Engineering, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital (The First Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University, Health Science Center)Shenzhen 518035, P. R. China
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou, P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Intelligence and Digital Orthopedic TechnologyShenzhen 518035, P. R. China
| | - Li Duan
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shenzhen Laboratory of Digital Orthopedic Engineering, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital (The First Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University, Health Science Center)Shenzhen 518035, P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Intelligence and Digital Orthopedic TechnologyShenzhen 518035, P. R. China
| | - Hongwei Ouyang
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Daping Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shenzhen Laboratory of Digital Orthopedic Engineering, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital (The First Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University, Health Science Center)Shenzhen 518035, P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Intelligence and Digital Orthopedic TechnologyShenzhen 518035, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
NF-κB Signaling Regulates Physiological and Pathological Chondrogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20246275. [PMID: 31842396 PMCID: PMC6941088 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20246275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 12/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) is a transcription factor that regulates the expression of genes that control cell proliferation and apoptosis, as well as genes that respond to inflammation and immune responses. There are two means of NF-κB activation: the classical pathway, which involves the degradation of the inhibitor of κBα (IκBα), and the alternative pathway, which involves the NF-κB-inducing kinase (NIK, also known as MAP3K14). The mouse growth plate consists of the resting zone, proliferative zone, prehypertrophic zone, and hypertrophic zone. The p65 (RelA), which plays a central role in the classical pathway, is expressed throughout the cartilage layer, from the resting zone to the hypertrophic zone. Inhibiting the classical NF-κB signaling pathway blocks growth hormone (GH) or insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1) signaling, suppresses cell proliferation, and suppresses bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) expression, thereby promoting apoptosis. Since the production of autoantibodies and inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and IL-17, are regulated by the classical pathways and are increased in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), NF-κB inhibitors are used to suppress inflammation and joint destruction in RA models. In osteoarthritis (OA) models, the strength of NF-κB-activation is found to regulate the facilitation or suppression of OA. On the other hand, RelB is involved in the alternative pathway, and is expressed in the periarticular zone during the embryonic period of development. The alternative pathway is involved in the generation of chondrocytes in the proliferative zone during physiological conditions, and in the development of RA and OA during pathological conditions. Thus, NF-κB is an important molecule that controls normal development and the pathological destruction of cartilage.
Collapse
|
26
|
Ogawa Y, Takahashi N, Takemoto T, Nishiume T, Suzuki M, Ishiguro N, Kojima T. Hyaluronan promotes TRPV4-induced chondrogenesis in ATDC5 cells. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0219492. [PMID: 31393869 PMCID: PMC6687147 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0219492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyaluronan (HA) is an extracellular matrix glycosaminoglycan essential for the homeostasis of cartilage-related tissues. Intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and CD44 have been identified as receptors for HA. Recently, transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) has emerged as a potential research target in several areas of physiology. TRPV4 is a Ca2+-permeable, non-selective cation channel that appears to have mechanosensory or osmosensory roles in several musculoskeletal tissues. HA and TRPV4 play key roles in chondrogenesis; however, it has remained unclear whether they have interactive effects on chondrogenesis and, if so, how do they interact with each other? This study investigated the relationship between HA, its receptors ICAM-1 and CD44, and TRPV4 in the chondrogenic pathway using the ATDC5 cell line. It was found that the presence of HA is required for TRPV4-induced chondrogenesis. Loss of HA suppressed TRPV4-induced expression of the chondrogenic markers, SOX9 and Aggrecan. Moreover, HA affects TRPV4-induced chondrogenic development via each of ICAM-1 and CD44 partially. In conclusion, for the first time, the existence of an interaction between HA, its receptor ICAM-1 and CD44, and TRPV4-activity in chondrogenesis in the ATDC5 cell line was reported. TRPV4 is known to function as a mechanosensory channel in several musculoskeletal tissues. Therefore, findings of this study may suggest the existence of a molecular mechanism that underlies the interactive effects of HA and mechanical loading on joint chondrogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshikazu Ogawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsurumai, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Nobunori Takahashi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsurumai, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Toki Takemoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsurumai, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Nishiume
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsurumai, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Mochihito Suzuki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsurumai, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Naoki Ishiguro
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsurumai, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Toshihisa Kojima
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsurumai, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Ramenzoni LL, Russo G, Moccia MD, Attin T, Schmidlin PR. Periodontal bacterial supernatants modify differentiation, migration and inflammatory cytokine expression in human periodontal ligament stem cells. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0219181. [PMID: 31269072 PMCID: PMC6609032 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0219181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSC) play an important role in periodontal tissue homeostasis/turnover and could be applied in cell-based periodontal regenerative therapy. Bacterial supernatants secreted from diverse periodontal bacteria induce the production of cytokines that contribute to local periodontal tissue destruction. However, little is known about the impact of whole bacterial toxins on the biological behavior of PDLSC. Therefore this study investigated whether proliferation, migration, inflammatory cytokines expression and transcriptional profile would be affected by exposure to endotoxins from bacterial species found in the subgingival plaque. PDLSC were cultured with the following bacterial supernatants: S. mutans, S. anginosus, P. intermedia, F. nucleatum, P. gingivalis and T. denticola. These supernatants were prepared in dilutions of 1:1000, 1:500, 1:300 and 1:50. Using quantitative RT-PCR, gene expression of selected inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-8 and IL-1β) and cell-surface receptors (TLR2, TLR4) showed upregulation of ≈2.0- to 3.0-fold, when exposed to P. intermedia, F. nucleatum, P. gingivalis and T. denticola. However, supernatants did not affect proliferation (MTT) and migration (wound scratch assays) of PDLSC. Next generation RNA sequencing confirmed modified lineage commitment of PDLSC by stimulating chondrogenesis, adipogenesis and inhibition of osteogenesis under P. gingivalis supernatant treatment compared to control. Taken together, this study shows stem cell immunomodulatory response to different periodontal bacteria supernatant and suggests that stem cell transcriptional capacity, migration/proliferation and osteogenesis may differ in the presence of those pathogens. These results bring into question stem cell contribution to periodontal tissue regeneration and onset of inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liza L. Ramenzoni
- Clinic of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Laboratory of Applied Periodontal and Peri-implantitis Sciences, Clinic of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Giancarlo Russo
- Functional Genomics Center Zurich, ETH, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Maria D. Moccia
- Functional Genomics Center Zurich, ETH, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Attin
- Clinic of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Patrick R. Schmidlin
- Clinic of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Laboratory of Applied Periodontal and Peri-implantitis Sciences, Clinic of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Ju J, Yu D, Xue F, Zhao Y, Shi W, Pan M, Tang G, Xiao H. Inhibition of Nf-ҝb prevents trauma-induced heterotopic ossification in rat model. Connect Tissue Res 2019; 60:304-310. [PMID: 30288996 DOI: 10.1080/03008207.2018.1530771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the pathogenesis and find a better prophylactic method of acquired heterotopic ossification (HO). MATERIALS AND METHODS In the first part, we designed the brain-traumatic/burn/tenotomy rat model and testified its efficacy as HO model. 44 rats were randomly divided into experimental group and control group. After operation, the bilateral tendons of 2 rats were collected at the 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 6th, 8th, and 10th weeks to determine the expression levels of p65. Additionally, the remaining rats were exposed to X-Ray examination at the 10th week. In the second part, 124 rats were randomly divided into four groups based on the administration dosage of Ammonium pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate (PDTC). Then, three rats of each group were euthanized every week in the first seven weeks to collect tendon to detect the expression levels of p65 by qRT-PCR and Western Blot. The remaining rats were exposed to X-Ray examination at the 10th week to assess the size of HO before being euthanized for HE staining. RESULTS The success rate of Brain-traumatic/Burn/Tenotomy model was 100%. Pharmacologic inhibition of Nf-ҝb signaling pathway by PDTC could significantly reduce the expression levels of p53 and the size of HO, and the reduction was most significant in the 0.6mg dosage group. CONCLUSIONS Brain-traumatic/Burn/Tenotomy model was highly reliable HO model. Inhibition of Nf-ҝb signaling pathway by PDTC could significantly reduce HO formation, and the most effective concentration was 6 mg/ml for local injection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinyong Ju
- a Department of Orthopedics , Ji'ning NO.1 People's Hospital , Shandong , China
| | - Du Yu
- b Department of Orthopedics , Shanghai Fenxian District Central Hospital , Shanghai , China
| | - Feng Xue
- b Department of Orthopedics , Shanghai Fenxian District Central Hospital , Shanghai , China
| | - Yong Zhao
- b Department of Orthopedics , Shanghai Fenxian District Central Hospital , Shanghai , China
| | - Weizhe Shi
- b Department of Orthopedics , Shanghai Fenxian District Central Hospital , Shanghai , China
| | - Mingmang Pan
- b Department of Orthopedics , Shanghai Fenxian District Central Hospital , Shanghai , China
| | - Guo Tang
- b Department of Orthopedics , Shanghai Fenxian District Central Hospital , Shanghai , China
| | - Haijun Xiao
- b Department of Orthopedics , Shanghai Fenxian District Central Hospital , Shanghai , China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Bai Y, Gong X, Dou C, Cao Z, Dong S. Redox control of chondrocyte differentiation and chondrogenesis. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 132:83-89. [PMID: 30394290 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.10.443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2018] [Revised: 10/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Chondrogenesis involves the recruitment and migration of mesenchymal cells, mesenchymal condensation, and chondrocyte differentiation and hypertrophy. Multiple factors precisely regulate chondrogenesis. Recent studies have demonstrated that the redox status of chondrocytes plays an essential role in the regulation of chondrocyte differentiation and chondrogenesis. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) are important factors that change the intracellular redox status. Physiological levels of ROS/RNS act as intracellular signals in chondrocytes, and oxidative stress impairs the metabolism of chondrocytes. Under physiological conditions, the balance between ROS/RNS production and elimination ensures that redox-sensitive signalling proteins function correctly. The redox homeostasis of chondrocytes ensures that they respond appropriately to endogenous and exogenous stimuli. This review focuses on the redox regulation of key signalling pathways and transcription factors that control chondrogenesis and chondrocyte differentiation. Additionally, the mechanism by which ROS/RNS regulate signalling proteins and transcription factors in chondrocytes is also reviewed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun Bai
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science, School of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University, Gaotanyan Street No.30, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Xiaoshan Gong
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science, School of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University, Gaotanyan Street No.30, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Ce Dou
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science, School of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University, Gaotanyan Street No.30, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Zhen Cao
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science, School of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University, Gaotanyan Street No.30, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Shiwu Dong
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science, School of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University, Gaotanyan Street No.30, Chongqing 400038, China; State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Steinbusch MMF, Caron MMJ, Surtel DAM, van den Akker GGH, van Dijk PJ, Friedrich F, Zabel B, van Rhijn LW, Peffers MJ, Welting TJM. The antiviral protein viperin regulates chondrogenic differentiation via CXCL10 protein secretion. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:5121-5136. [PMID: 30718282 PMCID: PMC6442052 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.007356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Viperin (also known as radical SAM domain–containing 2 (RSAD2)) is an interferon-inducible and evolutionary conserved protein that participates in the cell's innate immune response against a number of viruses. Viperin mRNA is a substrate for endoribonucleolytic cleavage by RNase mitochondrial RNA processing (MRP) and mutations in the RNase MRP small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) subunit of the RNase MRP complex cause cartilage-hair hypoplasia (CHH), a human developmental condition characterized by metaphyseal chondrodysplasia and severe dwarfism. It is unknown how CHH-pathogenic mutations in RNase MRP snoRNA interfere with skeletal development, and aberrant processing of RNase MRP substrate RNAs is thought to be involved. We hypothesized that viperin plays a role in chondrogenic differentiation. Using immunohistochemistry, real-time quantitative PCR, immunoblotting, ELISA, siRNA-mediated gene silencing, plasmid-mediated gene overexpression, label-free MS proteomics, and promoter reporter bioluminescence assays, we discovered here that viperin is expressed in differentiating chondrocytic cells and regulates their protein secretion and the outcome of chondrogenic differentiation by influencing transforming growth factor β (TGF-β)/SMAD family 2/3 (SMAD2/3) activity via C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10). Of note, we observed disturbances in this viperin–CXCL10–TGF-β/SMAD2/3 axis in CHH chondrocytic cells. Our results indicate that the antiviral protein viperin controls chondrogenic differentiation by influencing secretion of soluble proteins and identify a molecular route that may explain impaired chondrogenic differentiation of cells from individuals with CHH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mandy M F Steinbusch
- From the Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and
| | - Marjolein M J Caron
- From the Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and
| | - Don A M Surtel
- From the Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and
| | | | - Paul J van Dijk
- the Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Maastricht University, NL-6202 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Franziska Friedrich
- the University Heart Centre Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Institute for Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bernhard Zabel
- the Medical Faculty, Otto van Guericke University of Magdeburg, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany, and
| | - Lodewijk W van Rhijn
- From the Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and
| | - Mandy J Peffers
- the Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, United Kingdom
| | - Tim J M Welting
- From the Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Lolli A, Colella F, De Bari C, van Osch GJVM. Targeting anti-chondrogenic factors for the stimulation of chondrogenesis: A new paradigm in cartilage repair. J Orthop Res 2019; 37:12-22. [PMID: 30175861 DOI: 10.1002/jor.24136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Trauma and age-related cartilage disorders represent a major global cause of morbidity, resulting in chronic pain and disability in patients. A lack of effective therapies, together with a rapidly aging population, creates an impressive clinical and economic burden on healthcare systems. In this scenario, experimental therapies based on transplantation or in situ stimulation of skeletal Mesenchymal Stem/progenitor Cells (MSCs) have raised great interest for cartilage repair. Nevertheless, the challenge of guiding MSC differentiation and preventing cartilage hypertrophy and calcification still needs to be overcome. While research has mostly focused on the stimulation of cartilage anabolism using growth factors, several issues remain unresolved prompting the field to search for novel solutions. Recently, inhibition of anti-chondrogenic regulators has emerged as an intriguing opportunity. Anti-chondrogenic regulators include extracellular proteins as well as intracellular transcription factors and microRNAs that act as potent inhibitors of pro-chondrogenic signals. Suppression of these inhibitors can enhance MSC chondrogenesis and production of cartilage matrix. We here review the current knowledge concerning different types of anti-chondrogenic regulators. We aim to highlight novel therapeutic targets for cartilage repair and discuss suitable tools for suppressing their anti-chondrogenic functions. Further effort is needed to unveil the therapeutic perspectives of this approach and pave the way for effective treatment of cartilage injuries in patients. © 2018 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Lolli
- Department of Orthopaedics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Wytemaweg 80, 3015CN Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Fabio Colella
- Arthritis and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Aberdeen Centre for Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Health, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Cosimo De Bari
- Arthritis and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Aberdeen Centre for Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Health, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Gerjo J V M van Osch
- Department of Orthopaedics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Wytemaweg 80, 3015CN Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Current trends in tendinopathy: consensus of the ESSKA basic science committee. Part II: treatment options. J Exp Orthop 2018; 5:38. [PMID: 30251203 PMCID: PMC6153202 DOI: 10.1186/s40634-018-0145-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The treatment of painful chronic tendinopathy is challenging. Multiple non-invasive and tendon-invasive methods are used. When traditional non-invasive treatments fail, the injections of platelet-rich plasma autologous blood or cortisone have become increasingly favored. However, there is little scientific evidence from human studies supporting injection treatment. As the last resort, intra- or peritendinous open or endoscopic surgery are employed even though these also show varying results. This ESSKA basic science committee current concepts review follows the first part on the biology, biomechanics and anatomy of tendinopathies, to provide a comprehensive overview of the latest treatment options for tendinopathy as reported in the literature.
Collapse
|
33
|
Singh P, Marcu KB, Goldring MB, Otero M. Phenotypic instability of chondrocytes in osteoarthritis: on a path to hypertrophy. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2018; 1442:17-34. [PMID: 30008181 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.13930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Articular chondrocytes are quiescent, fully differentiated cells responsible for the homeostasis of adult articular cartilage by maintaining cellular survival functions and the fine-tuned balance between anabolic and catabolic functions. This balance requires phenotypic stability that is lost in osteoarthritis (OA), a disease that affects and involves all joint tissues and especially impacts articular cartilage structural integrity. In OA, articular chondrocytes respond to the accumulation of injurious biochemical and biomechanical insults by shifting toward a degradative and hypertrophy-like state, involving abnormal matrix production and increased aggrecanase and collagenase activities. Hypertrophy is a necessary, transient developmental stage in growth plate chondrocytes that culminates in bone formation; in OA, however, chondrocyte hypertrophy is catastrophic and it is believed to initiate and perpetuate a cascade of events that ultimately result in permanent cartilage damage. Emphasizing changes in DNA methylation status and alterations in NF-κB signaling in OA, this review summarizes the data from the literature highlighting the loss of phenotypic stability and the hypertrophic differentiation of OA chondrocytes as central contributing factors to OA pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Purva Singh
- HSS Research Institute, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York
| | - Kenneth B Marcu
- Biochemistry and Cell Biology Department, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Mary B Goldring
- HSS Research Institute, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Weill Cornell Medical College and Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, New York
| | - Miguel Otero
- HSS Research Institute, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Bonyadi Rad E, Musumeci G, Pichler K, Heidary M, Szychlinska MA, Castrogiovanni P, Marth E, Böhm C, Srinivasaiah S, Krönke G, Weinberg A, Schäfer U. Runx2 mediated Induction of Novel Targets ST2 and Runx3 Leads to Cooperative Regulation of Hypertrophic Differentiation in ATDC5 Chondrocytes. Sci Rep 2017; 7:17947. [PMID: 29263341 PMCID: PMC5738421 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-18044-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Knowledge concerning expression and function of Suppression of Tumorigenicity 2 (ST2) in chondrocytes is at present, limited. Analysis of murine growth plates and ATDC5 chondrocytes indicated peak expression of the ST2 transmembrane receptor (ST2L) and soluble (sST2) isoforms during the hypertrophic differentiation concomitant with the expression of the hypertrophic markers Collagen X (Col X), Runx2 and MMP-13. Gain- and loss-of-function experiments in ATDC5 and primary human growth plate chondrocytes (PHCs), confirmed regulation of ST2 by the key transcription factor Runx2, indicating ST2 to be a novel Runx2 target. ST2 knock-out mice (ST2−/−) exhibited noticeable hypertrophic zone (HZ) reduction in murine growth plates, accompanied by lower expression of Col X and Osteocalcin (OSC) compared to wild-type (WT) mice. Likewise, ST2 knockdown resulted in decreased Col X expression and downregulation of OSC and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) in ATDC5 cells. The ST2 suppression was also associated with upregulation of the proliferative stage markers Sox9 and Collagen II (Col II), indicating ST2 to be a new regulator of ATDC5 chondrocyte differentiation. Runx3 was, furthermore, identified as a novel Runx2 target in chondrocytes. This study suggests that Runx2 mediates ST2 and Runx3 induction to cooperatively regulate hypertrophic differentiation of ATDC5 chondrocytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Bonyadi Rad
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria.
| | - Giuseppe Musumeci
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Karin Pichler
- Department of Children and Adolescent Medicine, Pediatrics I, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.,Division of Neonatology, Pediatric Intensive Care and Neuropediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Maryam Heidary
- Translational Research Department, Institute Curie, Paris, France
| | - Marta Anna Szychlinska
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Paola Castrogiovanni
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Egon Marth
- Institute of Hygiene, Microbiology and Environmental Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Christina Böhm
- Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sriveena Srinivasaiah
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Gerhard Krönke
- Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Annelie Weinberg
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Ute Schäfer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Steinbusch MMF, Caron MMJ, Surtel DAM, Friedrich F, Lausch E, Pruijn GJM, Verhesen W, Schroen BLM, van Rhijn LW, Zabel B, Welting TJM. Expression of RMRP RNA is regulated in chondrocyte hypertrophy and determines chondrogenic differentiation. Sci Rep 2017; 7:6440. [PMID: 28743979 PMCID: PMC5527100 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-06809-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the RMRP-gene, encoding the lncRNA component of the RNase MRP complex, are the origin of cartilage-hair hypoplasia. Cartilage-hair hypoplasia is associated with severe dwarfism caused by impaired skeletal development. However, it is not clear why mutations in RMRP RNA lead to skeletal dysplasia. Since chondrogenic differentiation of the growth plate is required for development of long bones, we hypothesized that RMRP RNA plays a pivotal role in chondrogenic differentiation. Expression of Rmrp RNA and RNase MRP protein subunits was detected in the murine growth plate and during the course of chondrogenic differentiation of ATDC5 cultures, where Rmrp RNA expression was found to be correlated with chondrocyte hypertrophy. Genetic interference with Rmrp RNA expression in ATDC5 cultures caused a deregulation of chondrogenic differentiation, with a prominent impact on hypertrophy and changes in pre-rRNA processing and rRNA levels. Promoter reporter studies showed that Rmrp RNA expression responds to chondrogenic morphogens. Chondrogenic trans-differentiation of cartilage-hair hypoplasia fibroblasts was impaired with a pronounced impact on hypertrophic differentiation. Together, our data show that RMRP RNA expression is regulated during different stages of chondrogenic differentiation and indicate that RMRP RNA may play a pivotal role in chondrocyte hypertrophy, with potential consequences for CHH pathobiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mandy M F Steinbusch
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Marjolein M J Caron
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Don A M Surtel
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Franziska Friedrich
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ekkehart Lausch
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ger J M Pruijn
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Wouter Verhesen
- Center for Heart Failure Research, Department of Cardiology, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Blanche L M Schroen
- Center for Heart Failure Research, Department of Cardiology, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Lodewijk W van Rhijn
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Bernhard Zabel
- Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke-University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Tim J M Welting
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Kukolj T, Trivanović D, Djordjević IO, Mojsilović S, Krstić J, Obradović H, Janković S, Santibanez JF, Jauković A, Bugarski D. Lipopolysaccharide can modify differentiation and immunomodulatory potential of periodontal ligament stem cells via ERK1,2 signaling. J Cell Physiol 2017; 233:447-462. [PMID: 28295277 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a pertinent deleterious factor in oral microenvironment for cells which are carriers of regenerative processes. The aim of this study was to investigate the emerging in vitro effects of LPS (Escherichia coli) on human periodontal ligament stem cell (PDLSC) functions and associated signaling pathways. We demonstrated that LPS did not affect immunophenotype, proliferation, viability, and cell cycle of PDLSCs. However, LPS modified lineage commitment of PDLSCs inhibiting osteogenesis by downregulating Runx2, ALP, and Ocn mRNA expression, while stimulating chondrogenesis and adipogenesis by upregulating Sox9 and PPARγ mRNA expression. LPS promoted myofibroblast-like phenotype of PDLSCs, since it significantly enhanced PDLSC contractility, as well as protein and/or gene expression of TGF-β, fibronectin (FN), α-SMA, and NG2. LPS also increased protein and gene expression levels of anti-inflammatory COX-2 and pro-inflammatory IL-6 molecules in PDLSCs. Inhibition of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (MNCs) transendothelial migration in presence of LPS-treated PDLSCs was accompanied by the reduction of CD29 expression within MNCs. However, LPS treatment did not change the inhibitory effect of PDLSCs on mitogen-stimulated proliferation of CD4+ and the ratio of CD4+ CD25high /CD4+ CD25low lymphocytes. LPS-treated PDLSCs did not change the frequency of CD34+ and CD45+ cells, but decreased the frequency of CD33+ and CD14+ myeloid cells within MNCs. Moreover, LPS treatment attenuated the stimulatory effect of PDLSCs on CFC activity of MNCs, predominantly the CFU-GM number. The results indicated that LPS-activated ERK1,2 was at least partly involved in the observed effects on PDLSC differentiation capacity, acquisition of myofibroblastic attributes, and changes of their immunomodulatory features.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Kukolj
- Laboratory for Experimental Hematology and Stem Cells, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Drenka Trivanović
- Laboratory for Experimental Hematology and Stem Cells, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ivana Okić Djordjević
- Laboratory for Experimental Hematology and Stem Cells, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Slavko Mojsilović
- Laboratory for Experimental Hematology and Stem Cells, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Krstić
- Laboratory for Experimental Hematology and Stem Cells, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Hristina Obradović
- Laboratory for Experimental Hematology and Stem Cells, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Juan Francisco Santibanez
- Laboratory for Experimental Hematology and Stem Cells, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Jauković
- Laboratory for Experimental Hematology and Stem Cells, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Diana Bugarski
- Laboratory for Experimental Hematology and Stem Cells, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Caron MMJ, Emans PJ, Cremers A, Surtel DAM, van Rhijn LW, Welting TJM. Indomethacin induces differential effects on in vitro endochondral ossification depending on the chondrocyte's differentiation stage. J Orthop Res 2017; 35:847-857. [PMID: 27273119 DOI: 10.1002/jor.23324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 06/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Heterotopic ossification (HO) is the abnormal formation of bone in soft tissues and is a frequent complication of hip replacement surgery. Heterotopic ossifications are described to develop via endochondral ossification and standard treatment is administration of indomethacin. It is currently unknown how indomethacin influences heterotopic ossification on a molecular level; therefore, we aimed to determine whether indomethacin might influence heterotopic ossification via impairing the chondrogenic phase of endochondral ossification. Progenitor cell models differentiating in the chondrogenic lineage (ATDC5, primary human bone marrow stem cells and ex vivo periosteal agarose cultures) were treated with increasing concentrations of indomethacin and a decrease in gene- and protein expression of chondrogenic and hypertrophic markers (measured by RT-qPCR and immunoblotting) as well as decreased glycosamino-glycan content (by alcian blue histochemistry) was observed. Even when hypertrophic differentiation was provoked, the addition of indomethacin resulted in decreased hypertrophic marker expression. Interestingly, when mature chondrocytes were treated with indomethacin, a clear increase in collagen type 2 expression was observed. Similarly, when ATDC5 cells and bone marrow stem cells were pre-differentiated to obtain a chondrocyte phenotype and indomethacin was added from this time point onward, low concentrations of indomethacin also resulted in increased chondrogenic differentiation. Indomethacin induces differential effects on in vitro endochondral ossification, depending on the chondrocyte's differentiation stage, with complete inhibition of chondrogenic differentiation as the most pronounced action. This observation may provide a rational behind the elusive mode of action of indomethacin in the treatment of heterotopic ossifications. © 2016 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 35:847-857, 2017.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marjolein M J Caron
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Caphri School for Public Health and Primary Care, Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Pieter J Emans
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Caphri School for Public Health and Primary Care, Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Andy Cremers
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Caphri School for Public Health and Primary Care, Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Don A M Surtel
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Caphri School for Public Health and Primary Care, Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Lodewijk W van Rhijn
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Caphri School for Public Health and Primary Care, Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Tim J M Welting
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Caphri School for Public Health and Primary Care, Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Cleary MA, Narcisi R, Albiero A, Jenner F, de Kroon LMG, Koevoet WJLM, Brama PAJ, van Osch GJVM. Dynamic Regulation of TWIST1 Expression During Chondrogenic Differentiation of Human Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Stem Cells Dev 2017; 26:751-761. [PMID: 28300491 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2016.0308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are clinically promising to repair damaged articular cartilage. This study investigated TWIST1, an important transcriptional regulator in mesenchymal lineages, in BMSC chondrogenesis. We hypothesized that downregulation of TWIST1 expression is required for in vitro chondrogenic differentiation. Indeed, significant downregulation of TWIST1 was observed in murine skeletal progenitor cells during limb development (N = 3 embryos), and during chondrogenic differentiation of culture-expanded human articular chondrocytes (N = 3 donors) and isolated adult human BMSCs (N = 7 donors), consistent with an inhibitory effect of TWIST1 expression on chondrogenic differentiation. Silencing of TWIST1 expression in BMSCs by siRNA, however, did not improve chondrogenic differentiation potential. Interestingly, additional investigation revealed that downregulation of TWIST1 in chondrogenic BMSCs is preceded by an initial upregulation. Similar upregulation is observed in non-chondrogenic BMSCs (N = 5 donors); however, non-chondrogenic cells fail to downregulate TWIST1 expression thereafter, preventing their chondrogenic differentiation. This study describes for the first time endogenous TWIST1 expression during in vitro chondrogenic differentiation of human BMSCs, demonstrating dynamic regulation of TWIST1 expression whereby upregulation and then downregulation of TWIST1 expression are required for chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs. Elucidation of the molecular regulation of, and by, TWIST1 will provide targets for optimization of BMSC chondrogenic differentiation culture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mairéad A Cleary
- 1 School of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University College Dublin , Dublin, Ireland .,2 Department of Orthopaedics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center , Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Roberto Narcisi
- 2 Department of Orthopaedics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center , Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Anna Albiero
- 2 Department of Orthopaedics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center , Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Florien Jenner
- 3 University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna , Equine Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Laurie M G de Kroon
- 2 Department of Orthopaedics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center , Rotterdam, the Netherlands .,4 Department of Rheumatology, Radboud University Medical Center , Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Wendy J L M Koevoet
- 5 Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center , Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Pieter A J Brama
- 1 School of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University College Dublin , Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gerjo J V M van Osch
- 2 Department of Orthopaedics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center , Rotterdam, the Netherlands .,5 Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center , Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Izgi K, Sonmez MF, Canatan H, Iskender B. Long Term Exposure to Myrtucommulone-A Changes CD105 Expression and Differentiation Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2017; 14:113-121. [PMID: 30603468 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-016-0020-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Revised: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) represent a heterogeneous group of multipotent stem cells that could be found in various somatic tissues. MSCs are defined by molecular and functional features including spindle-shape morphology, adherence to plastic surfaces, expression of specific surface markers and differentiation potential to chondrocytes, adipocytes and osteocytes. The surface markers were proposed to affect the differentiation potential of MSCs by a limited number of studies. Endoglin (CD105) is defined to be a significant marker for osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation ability of MSCs. Low CD105 expression is associated with increased osteogenic potential while high CD105 expression is correlated with strong chondrogenic potential. Myrtucommulone-A (MC-A) is an active compound with various biological effects on different cell types but its effect on MSC differentiation has not been described yet. In the present study we aimed at investigating the long-term effects of MC-A on hMSCs. MC-A-treatment reduced CD105 expression in distinct human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) lines and gave rise to CD105low population but did not change CD44, CD90 or CD73 expression. The decrease in CD105 expression reduced the chondrogenic potential of hMSCs subsequently while adipogenic or osteogenic differentiation was not affected dramatically. MC-A-treatment also suppressed the NF-κB p65 activation which might be responsible for the reduced chondrogenic potential. Our findings suggest that MC-A could be used to enrich CD105low hMSCs without the need for cell sorting or changing culture conditions which could be utilised in targeted differentiation studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kenan Izgi
- 2Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, 38039 Melikgazi, Kayseri Turkey
- 3Betul-Ziya Eren Genome and Stem Cell Centre, Erciyes University, 38039 Melikgazi, Kayseri Turkey
| | - Mehmet Fatih Sonmez
- 4Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, 38039 Melikgazi, Kayseri Turkey
| | - Halit Canatan
- 1Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, 38039 Melikgazi, Kayseri Turkey
- 3Betul-Ziya Eren Genome and Stem Cell Centre, Erciyes University, 38039 Melikgazi, Kayseri Turkey
| | - Banu Iskender
- 1Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, 38039 Melikgazi, Kayseri Turkey
- 3Betul-Ziya Eren Genome and Stem Cell Centre, Erciyes University, 38039 Melikgazi, Kayseri Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Biphasic regulation of chondrocytes by Rela through induction of anti-apoptotic and catabolic target genes. Nat Commun 2016; 7:13336. [PMID: 27830706 PMCID: PMC5109547 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms13336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In vitro studies have shown that Rela/p65, a key subunit mediating NF-κB signalling, is involved in chondrogenic differentiation, cell survival and catabolic enzyme production. Here, we analyse in vivo functions of Rela in embryonic limbs and adult articular cartilage, and find that Rela protects chondrocytes from apoptosis through induction of anti-apoptotic genes including Pik3r1. During skeletal development, homozygous knockout of Rela leads to impaired growth through enhanced chondrocyte apoptosis, whereas heterozygous knockout of Rela does not alter growth. In articular cartilage, homozygous knockout of Rela at 7 weeks leads to marked acceleration of osteoarthritis through enhanced chondrocyte apoptosis, whereas heterozygous knockout of Rela results in suppression of osteoarthritis development through inhibition of catabolic gene expression. Haploinsufficiency or a low dose of an IKK inhibitor suppresses catabolic gene expression, but does not alter anti-apoptotic gene expression. The biphasic regulation of chondrocytes by Rela contributes to understanding the pathophysiology of osteoarthritis. Rela is a transcription factor shown to have seemingly contradictory roles in anabolism and catabolism of cartilage. Here the authors find that Rela prevents chondrocyte apoptosis and that homozygous knockout causes accelerated osteoarthritis in adults, whereas heterozygous knockout suppresses osteoarthritis by maintaining wild-type effects on apoptosis but inhibiting catabolic gene expression.
Collapse
|
41
|
The Role of Prostaglandins and COX-Enzymes in Chondrogenic Differentiation of ATDC5 Progenitor Cells. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0153162. [PMID: 27050768 PMCID: PMC4822966 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0153162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives NSAIDs are used to relieve pain and decrease inflammation by inhibition of cyclooxygenase (COX)-catalyzed prostaglandin (PG) synthesis. PGs are fatty acid mediators involved in cartilage homeostasis, however the action of their synthesizing COX-enzymes in cartilage differentiation is not well understood. In this study we hypothesized that COX-1 and COX-2 have differential roles in chondrogenic differentiation. Methods ATDC5 cells were differentiated in the presence of COX-1 (SC-560, Mofezolac) or COX-2 (NS398, Celecoxib) specific inhibitors. Specificity of the NSAIDs and inhibition of specific prostaglandin levels were determined by EIA. Prostaglandins were added during the differentiation process. Chondrogenic outcome was determined by gene- and protein expression analyses. Results Inhibition of COX-1 prevented Col2a1 and Col10a1 expression. Inhibition of COX-2 resulted in decreased Col10a1 expression, while Col2a1 remained unaffected. To explain this difference expression patterns of both COX-enzymes as well as specific prostaglandin concentrations were determined. Both COX-enzymes are upregulated during late chondrogenic differentiation, whereas only COX-2 is briefly expressed also early in differentiation. PGD2 and PGE2 followed the COX-2 expression pattern, whereas PGF2α and TXA2 levels remained low. Furthermore, COX inhibition resulted in decreased levels of all tested PGs, except for PGD2 and PGF2α in the COX-1 inhibited condition. Addition of PGE2 and PGF2α resulted in increased expression of chondrogenic markers, whereas TXA2 increased expression of hypertrophic markers. Conclusions Our findings point towards a differential role for COX-enzymes and PG-production in chondrogenic differentiation of ATDC5 cells. Ongoing research is focusing on further elucidating the functional partition of cyclooxygenases and specific prostaglandin production.
Collapse
|
42
|
van den Akker GGH, Surtel DAM, Cremers A, Hoes MFGA, Caron MM, Richardson SM, Rodrigues-Pinto R, van Rhijn LW, Hoyland JA, Welting TJM, Voncken JW. EGR1 controls divergent cellular responses of distinctive nucleus pulposus cell types. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2016; 17:124. [PMID: 26975996 PMCID: PMC4791893 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-016-0979-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Immediate early genes (IEGs) encode transcription factors which serve as first line response modules to altered conditions and mediate appropriate cell responses. The immediate early response gene EGR1 is involved in physiological adaptation of numerous different cell types. We have previously shown a role for EGR1 in controlling processes supporting chondrogenic differentiation. We recently established a unique set of phenotypically distinct cell lines from the human nucleus pulposus (NP). Extensive characterization showed that these NP cellular subtypes represented progenitor-like cell types and more functionally mature cells. Methods To further understanding of cellular heterogeneity in the NP, we analyzed the response of these cell subtypes to anabolic and catabolic factors. Here, we test the hypothesis that physiological responses of distinct NP cell types are mediated by EGR1 and reflect specification of cell function using an RNA interference-based experimental approach. Results We show that distinct NP cell types rapidly induce EGR1 exposure to either growth factors or inflammatory cytokines. In addition, we show that mRNA profiles induced in response to anabolic or catabolic conditions are cell type specific: the more mature NP cell type produced a strong and more specialized transcriptional response to IL-1β than the NP progenitor cells and aspects of this response were controlled by EGR1. Conclusions Our current findings provide important substantiation of differential functionality among NP cellular subtypes. Additionally, the data shows that early transcriptional programming initiated by EGR1 is essentially restrained by the cells’ epigenome as it was determined during development and differentiation. These studies begin to define functional distinctions among cells of the NP and will ultimately contribute to defining functional phenotypes within the adult intervertebral disc. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12891-016-0979-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guus G H van den Akker
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Molecular Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Current Address: Department of Experimental Rheumatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Don A M Surtel
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Andy Cremers
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Martijn F G A Hoes
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Marjolein M Caron
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Stephen M Richardson
- Centre for Tissue Injury and Repair, Institute of Inflammation and Repair, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Ricardo Rodrigues-Pinto
- Centre for Tissue Injury and Repair, Institute of Inflammation and Repair, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,Current Address: Department of Orthopaedics, Centro Hospitalar do Porto - Hospital de Santo António, Porto, Portugal
| | - Lodewijk W van Rhijn
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Judith A Hoyland
- Centre for Tissue Injury and Repair, Institute of Inflammation and Repair, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,NIHR Manchester Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Tim J M Welting
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Willem Voncken
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Tangtrongsup S, Kisiday JD. Effects of Dexamethasone Concentration and Timing of Exposure on Chondrogenesis of Equine Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Cartilage 2016; 7:92-103. [PMID: 26958321 PMCID: PMC4749745 DOI: 10.1177/1947603515595263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Dexamethasone is known to support mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) chondrogenesis, although the effects of dose and timing of exposure are not well understood. The objective of this study was to investigate these variables using a laboratory model of MSC chondrogenesis. DESIGN Equine MSCs were encapsulated in agarose and cultured in chondrogenic medium with 1 or 100 nM dexamethasone, or without dexamethasone, for 15 days. Samples were analyzed for extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation, prostaglandin E2 and alkaline phosphatase secretion, and gene expression of selected collagens and catabolic enzymes. Timing of exposure was evaluated by ECM accumulation after dexamethasone was withdrawn over the first 6 days, or withheld for up to 3 or 6 days of culture. RESULTS ECM accumulation was not significantly different between 1 and 100 nM dexamethasone, but was suppressed ~40% in dexamethasone-free cultures. Prostaglandin E2 secretion, and expression of catabolic enzymes, including matrix metalloproteinase 13, and type X collagen was generally lowest in 100 nM dexamethasone and not significantly different between 1 nM and dexamethasone-free cultures. Dexamethasone could be withheld for at least 2 days without affecting ECM accumulation, while withdrawal studies suggested that dexamethasone supports ECM accumulation beyond day 6. CONCLUSION One nanomolar dexamethasone supported robust cartilage-like ECM accumulation despite not having an effect on markers of inflammation, although higher concentrations of dexamethasone may be necessary to suppress undesirable hypertrophic differentiation. While early exposure to dexamethasone was not critical, sustained exposure of at least a week appears to be necessary to maximize ECM accumulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suwimol Tangtrongsup
- Orthopaedic Research Center, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - John D. Kisiday
- Orthopaedic Research Center, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA,John D. Kisiday, Orthopaedic Research Center, Colorado State University, 300 West Drake Road, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Karnes JM, Daffner SD, Watkins CM. Multiple roles of tumor necrosis factor-alpha in fracture healing. Bone 2015; 78:87-93. [PMID: 25959413 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2015.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Revised: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 05/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
This review presents a summary of basic science evidence examining the influence of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) on secondary fracture healing. Multiple studies suggest that TNF-α, in combination with the host reservoir of peri-fracture mesenchymal stem cells, is a main determinant in the success of bone healing. Disease states associated with poor bone healing commonly have inappropriate TNF-α responses, which likely contributes to the higher incidence of delayed and nonunions in these patient populations. Appreciation of TNF-α in fracture healing may lead to new therapies to augment recovery and reduce the incidence of complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan M Karnes
- Department of Orthopaedics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States.
| | - Scott D Daffner
- Department of Orthopaedics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States.
| | - Colleen M Watkins
- Department of Orthopaedics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Novel role for cyclophilin A in regulation of chondrogenic commitment and endochondral ossification. Mol Cell Biol 2015; 35:2119-30. [PMID: 25870110 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.01414-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2014] [Accepted: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies showed that cyclophilin A (CypA) promotes NF-κB/p65 nuclear translocation, resulting in enhanced NF-κB activity and altered expression of its target genes, such as the Sox9 transcriptional factor, which plays a critical role in chondrogenic differentiation and endochondral ossification. In this report, we unveil the role of CypA in signal-induced chondrogenic differentiation and endochondral ossification. Expression levels of the chondrogenic differentiation markers and transcriptional regulators Sox9 and Runx2 were all significantly lower in CypA knockdown chondrogenic cells than in wild-type cells, indicating that CypA plays a functional role in chondrogenic differentiation. In vitro differentiation studies using micromass cultures of mouse limb bud cells further supported the conclusion that CypA is needed for chondrogenic differentiation. Newborn CypA-deficient pups double stained with alcian blue and alizarin red exhibited generalized, pronounced skeletal defects, while high-resolution micro-computed tomography (microCT) analyses of the femurs and lumbar vertebrae revealed delayed or incomplete endochondral ossification. Comparative histology and immunohistochemistry (IHC) analyses further verified the effects of CypA deficiency on chondrogenic differentiation. Our results provide evidence for the important contribution of CypA as a pertinent component acting through NF-κB-Sox9 in regulation of chondrogenesis signaling. These findings are important to better understand signal-induced chondrogenesis of chondrogenic progenitors in physiological and pathophysiological contexts.
Collapse
|
46
|
The Role of BMP Signaling and NF-κB Signaling on Osteoblastic Differentiation, Cancer Development, and Vascular Diseases—Is the Activation of NF-κB a Friend or Foe of BMP Function? BONE MORPHOGENIC PROTEIN 2015; 99:145-70. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2015.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
|
47
|
Tillgren V, Ho JCS, Önnerfjord P, Kalamajski S. The novel small leucine-rich protein chondroadherin-like (CHADL) is expressed in cartilage and modulates chondrocyte differentiation. J Biol Chem 2014; 290:918-25. [PMID: 25451920 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.593541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The constitution and biophysical properties of extracellular matrices can dramatically influence cellular phenotype during development, homeostasis, or pathogenesis. These effects can be signaled through a differentially regulated assembly of collagen fibrils, orchestrated by a family of collagen-associated small leucine-rich proteins (SLRPs). In this report, we describe the tissue-specific expression and function of a previously uncharacterized SLRP, chondroadherin-like (CHADL). We developed antibodies against CHADL and, by immunohistochemistry, detected CHADL expression mainly in skeletal tissues, particularly in fetal cartilage and in the pericellular space of adult chondrocytes. In situ hybridizations and immunoblots on tissue lysates confirmed this tissue-specific expression pattern. Recombinant CHADL bound collagen in cell culture and inhibited in vitro collagen fibrillogenesis. After Chadl shRNA knockdown, chondrogenic ATDC5 cells increased their differentiation, indicated by increased transcript levels of Sox9, Ihh, Col2a1, and Col10a1. The knockdown increased collagen II and aggrecan deposition in the cell layers. Microarray analysis of the knockdown samples suggested collagen receptor-related changes, although other upstream effects could not be excluded. Together, our data indicate that the novel SLRP CHADL is expressed in cartilaginous tissues, influences collagen fibrillogenesis, and modulates chondrocyte differentiation. CHADL appears to have a negative regulatory role, possibly ensuring the formation of a stable extracellular matrix.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - James C S Ho
- Experimental Medical Sciences, Lund University, 22184 Lund, Sweden
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Bach FC, Rutten K, Hendriks K, Riemers FM, Cornelissen P, de Bruin A, Arkesteijn GJ, Wubbolts R, Horton WA, Penning LC, Tryfonidou MA. The paracrine feedback loop between vitamin D₃ (1,25(OH)₂D₃) and PTHrP in prehypertrophic chondrocytes. J Cell Physiol 2014; 229:1999-2014. [PMID: 24777663 PMCID: PMC4298802 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2014] [Accepted: 04/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The endocrine feedback loop between vitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) and parathyroid hormone (PTH) plays a central role in skeletal development. PTH-related protein (PTHrP) shares homology and its receptor (PTHR1) with PTH. The aim of this study was to investigate whether there is a functional paracrine feedback loop between 1,25(OH)2D3 and PTHrP in the growth plate, in parallel with the endocrine feedback loop between 1,25(OH)2D3 and PTH. This was investigated in ATDC5 cells treated with 10−8 M 1,25(OH)2D3 or PTHrP, Col2-pd2EGFP transgenic mice, and primary Col2-pd2EGFP growth plate chondrocytes isolated by FACS, using RT-qPCR, Western blot, PTHrP ELISA, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay, silencing of the 1,25(OH)2D3 receptor (VDR), immunofluorescent staining, immunohistochemistry, and histomorphometric analysis of the growth plate. The ChIP assay confirmed functional binding of the VDR to the PTHrP promoter, but not to the PTHR1 promoter. Treatment with 1,25(OH)2D3 decreased PTHrP protein production, an effect which was prevented by silencing of the VDR. Treatment with PTHrP significantly induced VDR production, but did not affect 1α- and 24-hydroxylase expression. Hypertrophic differentiation was inhibited by PTHrP and 1,25(OH)2D3 treatment. Taken together, these findings indicate that there is a functional paracrine feedback loop between 1,25(OH)2D3 and PTHrP in the growth plate. 1,25(OH)2D3 decreases PTHrP production, while PTHrP increases chondrocyte sensitivity to 1,25(OH)2D3 by increasing VDR production. In light of the role of 1,25(OH)2D3 and PTHrP in modulating chondrocyte differentiation, 1,25(OH)2D3 in addition to PTHrP could potentially be used to prevent undesirable hypertrophic chondrocyte differentiation during cartilage repair or regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frances C Bach
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Tsuchida AI, Beekhuizen M, 't Hart MC, Radstake TRDJ, Dhert WJA, Saris DBF, van Osch GJVM, Creemers LB. Cytokine profiles in the joint depend on pathology, but are different between synovial fluid, cartilage tissue and cultured chondrocytes. Arthritis Res Ther 2014; 16:441. [PMID: 25256035 PMCID: PMC4201683 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-014-0441-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2014] [Accepted: 08/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction This study aimed to evaluate whether profiles of several soluble mediators in synovial fluid and cartilage tissue are pathology-dependent and how their production is related to in vitro tissue formation by chondrocytes from diseased and healthy tissue. Methods Samples were obtained from donors without joint pathology (n = 39), with focal defects (n = 65) and osteoarthritis (n = 61). A multiplex bead assay (Luminex) was performed measuring up to 21 cytokines: Interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-1β, IL-1RA, IL-4, IL-6, IL-6Rα, IL-7, IL-8, IL-10, IL-13, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)α, Interferon (IFN)γ, oncostatin M (OSM), leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), adiponectin, leptin, monocyte chemotactic factor (MCP)1, RANTES, basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), vascular growth factor (VEGF). Results In synovial fluid of patients with cartilage pathology, IL-6, IL-13, IFNγ and OSM levels were higher than in donors without joint pathology (P ≤0.001). IL-13, IFNγ and OSM were also different between donors with cartilage defects and OA (P <0.05). In cartilage tissue from debrided defects, VEGF was higher than in non-pathological or osteoarthritic joints (P ≤0.001). IL-1α, IL-6, TNFα and OSM concentrations (in ng/ml) were markedly higher in cartilage tissue than in synovial fluid (P <0.01). Culture of chondrocytes generally led to a massive induction of most cytokines (P <0.001). Although the release of inflammatory cytokines was also here dependent on the pathological condition (P <0.001) the actual profiles were different from tissue or synovial fluid and between non-expanded and expanded chondrocytes. Cartilage formation was lower by healthy unexpanded chondrocytes than by osteoarthritic or defect chondrocytes. Conclusions Several pro-inflammatory, pro-angiogenic and pro-repair cytokines were elevated in joints with symptomatic cartilage defects and/or osteoarthritis, although different cytokines were elevated in synovial fluid compared to tissue or cells. Hence a clear molecular profile was evident dependent on disease status of the joint, which however changed in composition depending on the biological sample analysed. These alterations did not affect in vitro tissue formation with these chondrocytes, as this was at least as effective or even better compared to healthy chondrocytes.
Collapse
|
50
|
Abstract
The ATDC5 cell line is derived from mouse teratocarcinoma cells and characterized as a chondrogenic cell line which goes through a sequential process analogy to chondrocyte differentiation. Thus, it is regarded as a promising in vitro model to study the factors that influence cell behaviors during chondrogenesis. It also provides insights in exploring signaling pathways related to skeletal development as well as interactions with innovative materials. To date, over 200 studies have utilized ATDC5 to obtain lots of significant findings. In this review, we summarized the literature of ATDC5 related studies and emphasized the application of ATDC5 in chondrogenesis. In addition, the general introduction of ATDC5 including its derivation and characterization is covered in this article.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongchang Yao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | | |
Collapse
|