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Faruqui T, Singh G, Khan S, Khan MS, Akhter Y. Differential gene expression analysis of RAGE-S100A6 complex for target selection and the design of novel inhibitors for anticancer drug discovery. J Cell Biochem 2023; 124:205-220. [PMID: 36502516 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), a member of the immunoglobulin family, interactions with its ligands trigger downstream signaling and induce an inflammatory response linked to diabetes, inflammation, carcinogenesis, cardiovascular disease, and a variety of other human disorders. The interaction of RAGE and S100A6 has been associated with a variety of malignancies. For the control of RAGE-related illnesses, there is a great demand for more specialized drug options. To identify the most effective target for combating human malignancies associated with RAGE-S100A6 complex, we conducted single and differential gene expression analyses of S100A6 and RAGE, comparing normal and malignant tissues. Further, a structure-based virtual screening was conducted using the ZINC15 database. The chosen compounds were then subjected to a molecular docking investigation on the RAGE active site region, recognized by the various cancer-related RAGE ligands. An optimized RAGE structure was screened against a library of drug-like molecules. The screening results suggested that three promising compounds were presented as the top acceptable drug-like molecules with a high binding affinity at the RAGE V-domain catalytic region. We depicted that these compounds may be potential RAGE inhibitors and could be used to produce a successful medication against human cancer and other RAGE-related diseases based on their various assorted parameters, binding energy, hydrogen bonding, ADMET characteristics, etc. MD simulation on a time scale of 50 ns was used to test the stability of the RAGE-inhibitor complexes. Therefore, targeting RAGE and its ligands using these drug-like molecules may be an effective therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tabrez Faruqui
- Department of Biosciences, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Garima Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Salman Khan
- Department of Biosciences, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mohd Sajid Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Yusuf Akhter
- Department of Biotechnology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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2
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Arivazhagan L, López-Díez R, Shekhtman A, Ramasamy R, Schmidt AM. Glycation and a Spark of ALEs (Advanced Lipoxidation End Products) - Igniting RAGE/Diaphanous-1 and Cardiometabolic Disease. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:937071. [PMID: 35811725 PMCID: PMC9263181 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.937071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are on the rise world-wide; despite fervent advocacy for healthier diets and enhanced physical activity, these disorders persist unabated and, long-term, are major causes of morbidity and mortality. Numerous fundamental biochemical and molecular pathways participate in these events at incipient, mid- and advanced stages during atherogenesis and impaired regression of established atherosclerosis. It is proposed that upon the consumption of high fat/high sugar diets, the production of receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) ligands, advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and advanced lipoxidation end products (ALEs), contribute to the development of foam cells, endothelial injury, vascular inflammation, and, ultimately, atherosclerosis and its consequences. RAGE/Diaphanous-1 (DIAPH1) increases macrophage foam cell formation; decreases cholesterol efflux and causes foam cells to produce and release damage associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) molecules, which are also ligands of RAGE. DAMPs stimulate upregulation of Interferon Regulatory Factor 7 (IRF7) in macrophages, which exacerbates vascular inflammation and further perturbs cholesterol metabolism. Obesity and NAFLD, characterized by the upregulation of AGEs, ALEs and DAMPs in the target tissues, contribute to insulin resistance, hyperglycemia and type two diabetes. Once in motion, a vicious cycle of RAGE ligand production and exacerbation of RAGE/DIAPH1 signaling ensues, which, if left unchecked, augments cardiometabolic disease and its consequences. This Review focuses on RAGE/DIAPH1 and its role in perturbation of metabolism and processes that converge to augur cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakshmi Arivazhagan
- Diabetes Research Program, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Raquel López-Díez
- Diabetes Research Program, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Alexander Shekhtman
- Department of Chemistry, The State University of New York at Albany, Albany, NY, United States
| | - Ravichandran Ramasamy
- Diabetes Research Program, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Ann Marie Schmidt
- Diabetes Research Program, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States,*Correspondence: Ann Marie Schmidt
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3
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Chen J, Zhou Y, Liu S, Li C. Biomechanical signal communication in vascular smooth muscle cells. J Cell Commun Signal 2020; 14:357-376. [PMID: 32780323 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-020-00576-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomechanical stresses are closely associated with cardiovascular development and diseases. In vivo, vascular smooth muscle cells are constantly stimulated by biomechanical factors caused by increased blood pressure leading to the non-specific activation of cell transmembrane proteins. Thus, various intracellular signal molecules are simultaneously activated via signaling cascades, which are closely related to alterations in the differentiation, phenotype, inflammation, migration, pyroptosis, calcification, proliferation, and apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells. Meanwhile, mechanical stress-induced miRNAs and epigenetics modification on vascular smooth muscle cells play critical roles as well. Eventually, the overall pathophysiology of the cells is altered, resulting in the development of many major clinical diseases, including hypertension, atherosclerosis, grafted venous atherosclerosis, and aneurysm, among others. In this paper, important advances in mechanical signal communication in vascular smooth muscle cells are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingbo Chen
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuying Liu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Chaohong Li
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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4
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Li J, Shangguan H, Chen X, Ye X, Zhong B, Chen P, Wang Y, Xin B, Bi Y, Zhu D. Advanced glycation end product levels were correlated with inflammation and carotid atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetes patients. Open Life Sci 2020; 15:364-372. [PMID: 33817224 PMCID: PMC7874589 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2020-0042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus with atherosclerosis (AS) adds to the social burden. This study aimed to investigate whether advanced glycation end product (AGE) levels were correlated with inflammation and carotid AS (CAS) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. A total of 50 elderly T2DM patients and 50 age-matched senior healthy subjects were recruited in this study. T2DM patients were classified into two groups based on the intima–media thickness (IMT) of the carotid artery from color Doppler ultrasonography. Patients with IMT > 1 mm were classified into the T2DM + CAS group (n = 28), and patients with IMT < 1 mm were assigned as the T2DM + non-atherosclerosis (NAS) group (n = 22). The plasma levels of AGEs, receptor for AGE (RAGE), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and interferon gamma (IFN-γ) of all subjects were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The T-lymphocyte subsets were analyzed by a flow detector. T2DM + CAS patients showed significantly higher concentrations of AGEs, RAGE, TNF-α, and IFN-γ in the peripheral blood. The highest levels of CD4+ T cells were observed in the T2DM + CAS group. The AGE level was positively correlated with the concentrations of RAGE, TNF-α, IFN-γ, and CD4+. In summary, the results showed that the levels of AGEs may be correlated with the inflammatory status in T2DM patients with CAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China.,Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Central Hospital, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Haiyan Shangguan
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Central Hospital, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Xiaoqian Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Central Hospital, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Xiao Ye
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou 310000, China.,Department of Endocrinology, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Bin Zhong
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Central Hospital, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Pen Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Central Hospital, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yamei Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Central Hospital, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Bin Xin
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Central Hospital, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yan Bi
- Department of Endocrinology, Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China.,Department of Endocrinology, Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dalong Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology, Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China.,Department of Endocrinology, Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China
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5
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El-Far AH, Sroga G, Al Jaouni SK, Mousa SA. Role and Mechanisms of RAGE-Ligand Complexes and RAGE-Inhibitors in Cancer Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21103613. [PMID: 32443845 PMCID: PMC7279268 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21103613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Interactions of the receptor for advanced glycation end product (RAGE) and its ligands in the context of their role in diabetes mellitus, inflammation, and carcinogenesis have been extensively investigated. This review focuses on the role of RAGE-ligands and anti-RAGE drugs capable of controlling cancer progression. Different studies have demonstrated interaction of RAGE with a diverse range of acidic (negatively charged) ligands such as advanced glycation end products (AGEs), high-mobility group box1 (HMGB1), and S100s, and their importance to cancer progression. Some RAGE-ligands displayed effects on anti- and pro-apoptotic proteins through upregulation of the phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathways, while downregulating p53 in cancer progression. In addition, RAGE may undergo ligand-driven multimodal dimerization or oligomerization mediated through self-association of some of its subunits. We conclude our review by proposing possible future lines of study that could result in control of cancer progression through RAGE inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali H. El-Far
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Damanhour 22511, Egypt;
| | - Grazyna Sroga
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, NY (RPI), Troy, NY 12180, USA;
| | - Soad K. Al Jaouni
- Department of Hematology/Pediatric Oncology, King Abdulaziz University, Yousef Abdulatif Jameel Scientific Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Shaker A. Mousa
- The Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA
- Correspondence:
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Bai Y, Shi X, Ke Y, Lin X, Hong H. Hypertension accelerates age-related intrarenal small artery (IRSA) remodelling and stiffness in rats with possible involvement of AGEs and RAGE. Histol Histopathol 2019; 35:97-109. [PMID: 31246263 DOI: 10.14670/hh-18-141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To study changes in morphology, advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and the AGEs receptor, RAGE, that occur with ageing in intrarenal small arteries (IRSAs) of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) and to investigate the possible roles of hypertension, AGEs and RAGE in the progression of IRSA remodelling and stiffness with ageing in rats. METHODS Ageing SHRs and ageing normotensive Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats were studied. The minimal renal vascular resistance (minRVR) was measured. Renal arcuate arteries (RAAs) and interlobular arteries (RILAs), the expression of α-smooth muscle actin, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, AGEs, RAGE and the plasma concentrations of AGEs were also examined. RESULTS The IRSA minRVR, wall thickening, cell proliferation and collagen deposition in RILAs and RAAs gradually increased with age in SHRs and were much higher in 24-week-old SHRs than in age-matched WKY rats (p<0.05); these indexes in WKY rats were only elevated in the 72-week group (p<0.05). The expression of RAGE in the RAA and RILA tunica media in SHRs was upregulated by 24 weeks and 12 weeks (p<0.05), respectively, while AGEs levels in the plasma and in the IRSA tunica media were increased by 48 weeks (p<0.05) and increased gradually with age. The levels of both RAGE and AGEs in WKY rats were increased only at 72 weeks (p<0.05). CONCLUSION Hypertension accelerates the development of age-related IRSA remodelling and stiffness in rats, which may be related to upregulation of RAGE in the IRSA tunica media and increased expression of AGEs at the late stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajing Bai
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Xiaoyun Shi
- Department of Geriatrics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yilang Ke
- Department of Geriatrics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Xiaohong Lin
- Department of Emergency, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Huashan Hong
- Department of Geriatrics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
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Rafikov R, McBride ML, Zemskova M, Kurdyukov S, McClain N, Niihori M, Langlais PR, Rafikova O. Inositol monophosphatase 1 as a novel interacting partner of RAGE in pulmonary hypertension. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2019; 316:L428-L444. [PMID: 30604625 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00393.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a lethal disease characterized by progressive pulmonary vascular remodeling. The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) plays an important role in PAH by promoting proliferation of pulmonary vascular cells. RAGE is also known to mediate activation of Akt signaling, although the particular molecular mechanism remains unknown. This study aimed to identify the interacting partner of RAGE that could facilitate RAGE-mediated Akt activation and vascular remodeling in PAH. The progressive angioproliferative PAH was induced in 24 female Sprague-Dawley rats ( n = 8/group) that were randomly assigned to develop PAH for 1, 2, or 5 wk [right ventricle systolic pressure (RVSP) 56.5 ± 3.2, 63.6 ± 1.6, and 111.1 ± 4.5 mmHg, respectively, vs. 22.9 ± 1.1 mmHg in controls]. PAH triggered early and late episodes of apoptosis in rat lungs accompanied by RAGE activation. Mass spectrometry analysis has identified IMPA1 as a novel PAH-specific interacting partner of RAGE. The proximity ligation assay (PLA) confirmed the formation of RAGE/IMPA1 complex in the pulmonary artery wall. Activation of IMPA1 in response to increased glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) is known to play a critical role in inositol synthesis and recycling. Indeed, we confirmed a threefold increase in G6P ( P = 0.0005) levels in lungs of PAH rats starting from week 1 that correlated with accumulation of phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-trisphosphate (PIP3), membrane translocation of PI3K, and a threefold increase in membrane Akt levels ( P = 0.02) and Akt phosphorylation. We conclude that the formation of the newly discovered RAGE-IMPA1 complex could be responsible for the stimulation of inositol pathways and activation of Akt signaling in PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruslan Rafikov
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona , Tucson, Arizona
| | - Matthew L McBride
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona , Tucson, Arizona
| | - Marina Zemskova
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona , Tucson, Arizona
| | - Sergey Kurdyukov
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona , Tucson, Arizona
| | - Nolan McClain
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona , Tucson, Arizona
| | - Maki Niihori
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona , Tucson, Arizona
| | - Paul R Langlais
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona , Tucson, Arizona
| | - Olga Rafikova
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona , Tucson, Arizona
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8
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Abdul-Maksoud RS, Elsayed WS, Elsayed RS. The influence of glyoxalase 1 gene polymorphism on its expression at different stages of breast cancer in Egyptian women. Genes Cancer 2017; 8:799-807. [PMID: 29321821 PMCID: PMC5755725 DOI: 10.18632/genesandcancer.163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim To assess the association of GLO1 C332C gene polymorphism with breast cancer risk at different stages of the disease and to investigate the effect of this gene polymorphism on its mRNA expression and enzyme activity. Methods GLO1 C332C gene polymorphism was analyzed by PCR-RFLP in 100 healthy controls and 200 patients with breast cancer (100 patients with stage I & II and 100 patients with stage III & IV). GLO1 mRNA expression was measured by real time PCR. Serum GLO1 enzyme activity was measured colorimetrically. Results GLO1 A allele was associated with increased risk of breast cancer [OR (95%CI)= 2.8(1.9-4.1), P < 0.001]. Its frequency was significantly higher among advanced stages of breast cancer compared with localized tumors (OR (95%CI)= 1.9(1.3-2.9), p < 0.001). GLO1 mRNA expression and enzyme activity were significantly higher in breast cancer patients compared to controls and they were much higher in the advanced stages of the disease (P < 0.001). Carriers of AA genotype showed higher GLO1 expression and enzyme activity compared with carriers of CC genotype. Conclusion GLO1 C332C SNP was associated with overexpression of GLO1 mRNA and higher enzyme activity in breast cancer patients suggesting its role in the development of breast cancer and its progression from localized to advanced.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Walid Sh Elsayed
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
| | - Rasha S Elsayed
- General Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
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Effect of sirolimus on arteriosclerosis induced by advanced glycation end products via inhibition of the ILK/mTOR pathway in kidney transplantation recipients. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 813:1-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.06.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Revised: 06/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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10
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Ping S, Liu S, Zhou Y, Li Z, Li Y, Liu K, Bardeesi AS, Wang L, Chen J, Deng L, Wang J, Wang H, Chen D, Zhang Z, Sheng P, Li C. Protein disulfide isomerase-mediated apoptosis and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells induced by mechanical stress and advanced glycosylation end products result in diabetic mouse vein graft atherosclerosis. Cell Death Dis 2017; 8:e2818. [PMID: 28542133 PMCID: PMC5520728 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2017.213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Revised: 03/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) involves cell survival and death. Whether PDI mediates mechanical stretch stress (SS) and/or advanced glycosylation end products (AGEs) -triggered simultaneous increases in proliferation and apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) is unknown. Here, we hypothesized that different expression levels of PDI trigger completely opposite cell fates among the different VSMC subtypes. Mouse veins were grafted into carotid arteries of non-diabetic and diabetic mice for 8 weeks; the grafted veins underwent simultaneous increases in proliferation and apoptosis, which triggered vein graft arterializations in non-diabetic or atherosclerosis in diabetic mice. A higher rate of proliferation and apoptosis was seen in the diabetic group. SS and/or AGEs stimulated the quiescent cultured VSMCs, resulting in simultaneous increases in proliferation and apoptosis; they could induce increased PDI activation and expression. Both in vivo and in vitro, the proliferating VSMCs indicated weak co-expression of PDI and SM-α-actin while apoptotic or dead cells showed strong co-expression of both. Either SS or AGEs rapidly upregulated the expression of PDI, NOX1 and ROS, and their combination had synergistic effects. Inhibiting PDI simultaneously suppressed the proliferation and apoptosis of VSMCs, while inhibition of SM-α-actin with cytochalasin D led to increased apoptosis and cleaved caspases-3 but had no effect on proliferation. In conclusion, different expression levels of PDI in VSMCs induced by SS and/or AGEs triggered a simultaneous increase in proliferation and apoptosis, accelerated vein graft arterializations or atherosclerosis, leading us to propose PDI as a novel target for the treatment of vascular remodeling and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suning Ping
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuying Liu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuhuan Zhou
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ziqing Li
- Department of Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuhuang Li
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Kefeng Liu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Adham Sa Bardeesi
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Linli Wang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jingbo Chen
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lie Deng
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Dadi Chen
- Experimental Center for Basic Medical Teaching, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhengyu Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Puyi Sheng
- Department of Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chaohong Li
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Chen J, Hou XF, Wang G, Zhong QX, Liu Y, Qiu HH, Yang N, Gu JF, Wang CF, Zhang L, Song J, Huang LQ, Jia XB, Zhang MH, Feng L. Terpene glycoside component from Moutan Cortex ameliorates diabetic nephropathy by regulating endoplasmic reticulum stress-related inflammatory responses. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 193:433-444. [PMID: 27664441 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.09.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Revised: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Multiple lines of evidences have suggested that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-related inflammatory responses play a critical role in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Moutan Cortex (MC), the root bark of Paeonia suffruticosa Andr., is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), which has been used clinically for treating inflammatory diseases in China. The findings from our previous research suggested that terpene glycoside (TG) component of MC possessed favorable anti-inflammatory properties in curing DN. However, the underlying mechanisms of MC-TG for treating DN are still unknown. AIM OF THE STUDY To explore the role of ER stress-related inflammatory responses in the progression of DN, and to investigate the underlying protective mechanisms of MC-TG in kidney damage. MATERIALS AND METHODS DN rats and advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) induced HBZY-1 cell dysfunction were established to evaluate the protective effect of MC-TG on ameliorating renal injury. Evaluation of pathological lesions was performed by Masson staining and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Interleukin-6 (IL-6), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), glucose regulated protein 78 (GRP78/Bip), as well as spliced X box binding protein 1(XBP-1(s)) levels in rat serum were detected by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Furthermore, western blotting (WB) was applied to detect the protein expressions including IL-6, MCP-1, intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), GRP78/Bip, XBP-1 (s), phosphorylated inositol-requiring enzyme-1α (p-IRE1α), cleaved activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6), phosphorylated PKR-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (p-PERK), and phosphorylated nuclear factor κB p65 (p-NF-κB p65) in vivo and in vitro. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was carried out to determine the phosphorylation of IRE1α and NF-κB p65 in kidney tissues. RESULTS Pretreatment with MC-TG could markedly improve renal insufficiency and pathologic changes. It could down-regulate ER stress-related factors GRP78/Bip, XBP-1(s) levels, and also reduce the pro-inflammatory molecules IL-6, MCP-1, and ICAM-1 expressions. Furthermore, a significant decrease in phosphorylation of IRE1α and NF-κB p65 by the treatment of MC-TG. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicated that MC-TG ameliorated ER stress-related inflammation in the pathogenesis of DN, wherein the protective mechanism might be associated with the inhibition of IRE1/NF-κB activation. Thus, MC-TG might be a potential therapeutic candidate for the prevention and treatment of DN.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents/chemistry
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents/isolation & purification
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents/pharmacology
- Cell Line
- Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/chemically induced
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/drug therapy
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/metabolism
- Diabetic Nephropathies/etiology
- Diabetic Nephropathies/metabolism
- Diabetic Nephropathies/pathology
- Diabetic Nephropathies/prevention & control
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal/chemistry
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal/isolation & purification
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology
- Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress/drug effects
- Glycation End Products, Advanced/metabolism
- Glycosides/chemistry
- Glycosides/isolation & purification
- Glycosides/pharmacology
- Inflammation Mediators/metabolism
- Male
- Membrane Proteins/metabolism
- Mesangial Cells/drug effects
- Mesangial Cells/metabolism
- Mesangial Cells/ultrastructure
- Paeonia/chemistry
- Phosphorylation
- Phytotherapy
- Plants, Medicinal
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Renal Insufficiency/etiology
- Renal Insufficiency/metabolism
- Renal Insufficiency/pathology
- Renal Insufficiency/prevention & control
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Streptozocin
- Terpenes/chemistry
- Terpenes/isolation & purification
- Terpenes/pharmacology
- Transcription Factor RelA/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Chen
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery Systems of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing 210028, PR China; State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijng 100700, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing 210023, PR China; Third School of Clinical Medical of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing 210028, PR China
| | - Xue-Feng Hou
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Anhui, Hefei 230012, PR China
| | - Gang Wang
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery Systems of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing 210028, PR China
| | - Qing-Xiang Zhong
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery Systems of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing 210028, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Ying Liu
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery Systems of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing 210028, PR China
| | - Hui-Hui Qiu
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery Systems of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing 210028, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Nan Yang
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery Systems of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing 210028, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Jun-Fei Gu
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery Systems of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing 210028, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Chun-Fei Wang
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery Systems of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing 210028, PR China
| | - Li Zhang
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery Systems of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing 210028, PR China
| | - Jie Song
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery Systems of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing 210028, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Lu-Qi Huang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijng 100700, PR China
| | - Xiao-Bin Jia
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery Systems of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing 210028, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing 210023, PR China; Third School of Clinical Medical of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing 210028, PR China.
| | - Ming-Hua Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Wuxi Xishan People's Hospital, Jiangsu, Wuxi 214011, PR China.
| | - Liang Feng
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery Systems of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing 210028, PR China; Third School of Clinical Medical of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing 210028, PR China.
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12
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Wang J, Liu K, Wang H, Li Z, Li Y, Ping S, Bardeesi ASA, Guo Y, Zhou Y, Pei T, Deng L, Sheng P, Liu S, Li C. Role of nifedipine and hydrochlorothiazide in MAPK activation and vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and apoptosis. Herz 2016; 42:573-584. [DOI: 10.1007/s00059-016-4489-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2016] [Revised: 08/28/2016] [Accepted: 09/25/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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13
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Liu JY, Zheng CZ, Hao XP, Zhang DJ, Mao AW, Yuan P. Catalpol ameliorates diabetic atherosclerosis in diabetic rabbits. Am J Transl Res 2016; 8:4278-4288. [PMID: 27830011 PMCID: PMC5095320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Catalpol, isolated from the roots of Rehmanniaglutinosa, Chinese foxglove, is an iridoid glycoside with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-hyperglycemic agent. The present study was to investigate the effects of catalpol on diabetic atherosclerosis in alloxan-induced diabetic rabbits. Diabetes was induced in rabbits by a hyperlipidemic diet and intravenous injection of alloxan (100 mg/kg). Rabbits were treated for 12 weeks. The fasting blood glucose, insulin, homeostasis model of insulin resistance, total cholesterol and triglyceride were measured. The thoracic aorta was excised for histology. The plasma and vascular changes including some markers of oxidative stress, inflammatory cytokines and fibrosis factors were examined. Plasma levels of fasting blood glucose, insulin and homeostasis model of insulin resistance were significantly decreased in catalpol group. Catalpol treatment ameliorated diabetic atherosclerosis in diabetic rabbits as demonstrated by significantly inhibited neointimal hyperplasia and macrophages recruitment. Catalpol treatment also enhanced the activities of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and increased the plasma levels of total antioxidant status, meanwhile reduced the levels of malondialdehyde, protein carbonyl groups and advanced glycation end product. Furthermore, catalpol also reduced circulating levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, monocyte chemotactic protein-1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1. Catalpol also decreased transforming growth factor-β1 and collagen IV mRNA and protein expressions in the vessels. Catalpol exerts an ameliorative effect on atherosclerotic lesion in alloxan-induced diabetic rabbits. The possible mechanisms may be related to inhibition of oxidative stress inflammatory response and anti-fibrosis and reduced aggregation of extracellular matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang-Yue Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Weifang Medical UniversityWeifang, Shandong, China
| | - Chen-Zhao Zheng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Weifang Traditional Chinese HospitalWeifang, Shandong, China
| | - Xin-Ping Hao
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Weifang Traditional Chinese HospitalWeifang, Shandong, China
| | - Dai-Juan Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Weifang Medical UniversityWeifang, Shandong, China
| | - An-Wei Mao
- Department of General Surgery, Minhang Hospital, Fudan UniversityShanghai, China
| | - Ping Yuan
- Department of Cardio-Pulmonary Circulation, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, School of MedicineShanghai, China
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14
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Lee EJ, Kim JY, Oh SH. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) promote melanogenesis through receptor for AGEs. Sci Rep 2016; 6:27848. [PMID: 27293210 PMCID: PMC4904211 DOI: 10.1038/srep27848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) is linked with development or aggravation of many degenerative processes or disorders, including aging and atherosclerosis. AGEs production in skin cells is known to promote stiffness and loss of elasticity through their buildup in connective tissue. However, the impact of AGEs has yet to be fully explored in melanocytes. In this study, we confirmed the existence of receptor for AGE (RAGE) in melanocytes in western blot and immunofluorescence along with increased melanin production in ex vivo skin organ culture and in vitro melanocyte culture following AGEs treatment. Cyclic AMP response element-binding protein (CREB) and extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK) 1/2 are considered as key regulatory proteins in AGEs-induced melanogenesis. In addition, blockage experiment using anti-RAGE blocking antibody has indicated that RAGE plays a pivotal role in AGE-mediated melanogenesis. Therefore, it is apparent that AGEs, known markers of aging, promote melanogenesis via RAGE. In addition, AGEs could be implicated in pigmentation associated with photoaging according to the results of increased secretion of AGEs from keratinocytes following UV irradiation. AGE-mediated melanogenesis may thus hold promise as a novel mean of altering skin pigmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Jung Lee
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Young Kim
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Ho Oh
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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15
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López-Díez R, Shekhtman A, Ramasamy R, Schmidt AM. Cellular mechanisms and consequences of glycation in atherosclerosis and obesity. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2016; 1862:2244-2252. [PMID: 27166197 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2016.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Revised: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Post-translational modification of proteins imparts diversity to protein functions. The process of glycation represents a complex set of pathways that mediates advanced glycation endproduct (AGE) formation, detoxification, intracellular disposition, extracellular release, and induction of signal transduction. These processes modulate the response to hyperglycemia, obesity, aging, inflammation, and renal failure, in which AGE formation and accumulation is facilitated. It has been shown that endogenous anti-AGE protective mechanisms are thwarted in chronic disease, thereby amplifying accumulation and detrimental cellular actions of these species. Atop these considerations, receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE)-mediated pathways downregulate expression and activity of the key anti-AGE detoxification enzyme, glyoxalase-1 (GLO1), thereby setting in motion an interminable feed-forward loop in which AGE-mediated cellular perturbation is not readily extinguished. In this review, we consider recent work in the field highlighting roles for glycation in obesity and atherosclerosis and discuss emerging strategies to block the adverse consequences of AGEs. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: The role of post-translational protein modifications on heart and vascular metabolism edited by Jason R.B. Dyck & Jan F.C. Glatz.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel López-Díez
- Diabetes Research Program, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, United States
| | - Alexander Shekhtman
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, NY 12222, United States
| | - Ravichandran Ramasamy
- Diabetes Research Program, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, United States
| | - Ann Marie Schmidt
- Diabetes Research Program, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, United States.
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16
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Chen M, Li H, Wang G, Shen X, Zhao S, Su W. Atorvastatin prevents advanced glycation end products (AGEs)-induced cardiac fibrosis via activating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ). Metabolism 2016; 65:441-53. [PMID: 26975536 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2015.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2015] [Revised: 10/31/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have shown that the activation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) contributed to the cardiac fibrosis in diabetic patients. Although it had been reported that statins have beneficial effects on cardiac fibrosis in hypertension and myocardial ischemia models, their effects on AGEs models have not been studied. We aimed to investigate the effects of atorvastatin (Ator) on the AGEs-induced cardiac fibrosis both in vitro and vivo. METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: Control, AGEs, Ator or AGEs+Ator. The cardiac function was evaluated with the echocardiography at the second and the third month. Fibrosis area, α-SMA and RAGE expression in cardiac tissue were measured. For in vitro study, rat cardiac fibroblasts were treated with PD98059 (ERK inhibitor), Ator or Ator+GW9662 (PPAR-γ antagonist), and then were stimulated with AGEs. Fibroblasts proliferation, ERK1/2, phosphorylated ERK1/2, α-SMA, and RAGE expression were studied. RESULTS Compared with the control group, in vivo treatment with Ator significantly retarded the AGEs-induced diastolic function and attenuated cardiac fibrosis, α-SMA, and RAGE over expression induced by AGEs. Consistently, Ator prominently downregulated RAGE and α-SMA, while inhibited phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and fibroblast proliferation induced by AGEs in vitro. The GW9662 neutralized these effects of Ator on cardiac fibroblasts stimulated by AGEs. CONCLUSION In this study, we demonstrated that AGEs-induced fibroblast proliferation and differentiation were dependent on AGEs-RAGE-ERK1/2 pathway and that atorvastatin could block this pathway via activating PPAR-γ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongwei Li
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Guoxing Wang
- Department of Emergency, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Xuhua Shen
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shumei Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wen Su
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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17
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Kang MK, Chung WB, Hong SK, Kim OR, Ihm SH, Chang K, Seung KB. Effects of candesartan cilexetil and amlodipine orotate on receptor for advanced glycation end products expression in the aortic wall of Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OETFF) type 2 diabetic rats. Arch Pharm Res 2016; 39:565-576. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-016-0728-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 02/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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18
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Li Z, Li C, Zhou Y, Chen W, Luo G, Zhang Z, Wang H, Zhang Y, Xu D, Sheng P. Advanced glycation end products biphasically modulate bone resorption in osteoclast-like cells. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2016; 310:E355-66. [PMID: 26670486 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00309.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) disturb bone remodeling during aging, and this process is accelerated in diabetes. However, their role in modulation of osteoclast-induced bone resorption is controversial, with some studies indicating that AGEs enhance bone resorption and others showing the opposite effect. We determined whether AGEs present at different stages of osteoclast differentiation affect bone resorption differently. Based on increased levels of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) and cathepsin K (CTSK), we identified day 4 of induction as the dividing time of cell fusion stage and mature stage in RAW264.7 cell-derived osteoclast-like cells (OCLs). AGE-modified BSA (50-400 μg/ml) or control BSA (100 μg/ml) was then added at the beginning of each stage. Results showed that the presence of AGEs at the cell fusion stage reduced pit numbers, resorption area, and CTSK expression. Moreover, expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB (RANK) as well as the number of TRAP-positive cells, nuclei per OCL, actin rings, and podosomes also decreased. However, the presence of AGEs at the mature stage enlarged the resorption area markedly and increased pit numbers slightly. Intriguingly, only the number of nuclei per OCL and podosomes increased. These data indicate that AGEs biphasically modulate bone resorption activity of OCLs in a differentiation stage-dependent manner. AGEs at the cell fusion stage reduce bone resorption dramatically, mainly via suppression of RANK expression in osteoclast precursors, whereas AGEs at the mature stage enhance bone resorption slightly, most likely by increasing the number of podosomes in mature OCLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqing Li
- Department of Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; and
| | - Chaohong Li
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuhuan Zhou
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weishen Chen
- Department of Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; and
| | - Guotian Luo
- Department of Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; and
| | - Ziji Zhang
- Department of Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; and
| | - Haixing Wang
- Department of Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; and
| | - Yangchun Zhang
- Department of Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; and
| | - Dongliang Xu
- Department of Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; and
| | - Puyi Sheng
- Department of Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; and
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The Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products (Rage) and Its Ligands in Plasma and Infrainguinal Bypass Vein. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2016; 51:579-86. [PMID: 26905625 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2015.12.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2014] [Accepted: 12/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim was to investigate whether RAGE and its ligands are associated with infrainguinal bypass outcome in patients with and without diabetes. METHODS This was a prospective observational cohort. Patients (n = 68) with (n = 38) and without (n = 30) diabetes undergoing infrainguinal vein bypass for peripheral arterial disease were followed for 3 years. Endosecretory RAGE (esRAGE), S100A12, advanced glycation end products, and carboxymethyl-lysine (CML) were determined in plasma using ELISA. The influence of plasma levels on the main outcome (amputation free survival) was evaluated using Cox proportional hazard analysis. Plasma esRAGE, CML, and S100A12 in healthy controls (n = 30) without cardiovascular disease matched for sex and age were compared with patients, using the Mann-Whitney U test. Veins from bypass surgery procedures were stained and S100A12, RAGE, AGE, and CML were determined using immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Forty-six patients survived with an intact leg during follow up. Seventeen died (median survival time 702 days, IQR 188-899 day), and six had amputations. High plasma S100A12 was associated with reduced amputation free survival (hazard ratio [HR] 2.99; 95% CI 1.24-7.24) when comparing levels above the 75th percentile with levels below. The increased risk was unchanged adjusting for age, sex, and diabetes. Diabetic patients had higher plasma S100A12 (11.75 ng/mL; 95% CI 8.12-15.38 ng/mL) than non-diabetic patients (5.0141 ng/mL; 95% CI 3.62-6.41 ng/mL), whereas plasma CML, esRAGE, and AGE were similar. Plasma CML and S100A12 were higher in patients than in controls (1.25 μg/mL, 95% CI 1.18-1.32 μg/mL vs. 0.8925 μg/mL, 95% CI 0.82-0.96 μg/mL; and 8.7 μg/mL, 95% CI 6.52-10.95 μg/mL vs. 3.47 μg/mL, 95% CI 2.95-3.99 μg/mL, respectively). The proportion of vein tissue stained for AGE (21%), RAGE (5%), CML (9%) and S100A12 (3%), were similar in patients with and without diabetes. CONCLUSIONS Plasma S100A12 and CML are elevated in peripheral arterial disease and markers of RAGE and its ligands are found in vein used for bypass. This indicates a role for S100A12, CML, and RAGE in peripheral arterial disease complications by activation of the RAGE system.
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20
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Simultaneous Increases in Proliferation and Apoptosis of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Accelerate Diabetic Mouse Venous Atherosclerosis. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0141375. [PMID: 26488175 PMCID: PMC4619075 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0141375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims This study was designed to demonstrate simultaneous increases in proliferation and apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) leading to accelerated vein graft remodeling and to explore the underlying mechanisms. Methods Vein grafts were performed in non-diabetic and diabetic mice. The cultured quiescent VSMCs were subjected to mechanical stretch stress (SS) and/or advanced glycosylation end products (AGEs). Harvested vein grafts and treated VSMCs were used to detect cell proliferation, apoptosis, mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) activation and SM-α-actin expression. Results Significantly thicker vessel walls and greater increases in proliferation and apoptosis were observed in diabetic vein grafts than those in non-diabetic. Both SS and AGEs were found to induce different activation of three members of MAPKs and simultaneous increases in proliferation and apoptosis of VSMCs, and combined treatment with both had a synergistic effect. VSMCs with strong SM-α-actin expression represented more activated JNKs or p38MAPK, and cell apoptosis, while the cells with weak SM-α-actin expression demonstrated preferential activation of ERKs and cell proliferation. In contrast, inhibition of MAPKs signals triggered significant decreases in VSMC proliferation, and apoptosis. Treatment of the cells with RNA interference of receptor of AGEs (RAGE) also resulted in significant decreases in both proliferation and apoptosis. Conclusions Increased pressure-induced SS triggers simultaneous increases in proliferation and apoptosis of VSMCs in the vein grafts leading to vein arterializations, which can be synergistically accelerated by high glucose-induced AGEs resulting in vein graft atherosclerosis. Either SS or AGEs and their combination induce simultaneous increases in proliferation and apoptosis of VSMCs via different activation of three members of MAPKs resulting from different VSMC subtypes classified by SM-α-actin expression levels.
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21
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Liu X, Liu K, Wang Z, Liu C, Han Z, Tao J, Lu P, Wang J, Wu B, Huang Z, Yin C, Gu M, Tan R. Advanced glycation end products accelerate arteriosclerosis after renal transplantation through the AGE/RAGE/ILK pathway. Exp Mol Pathol 2015. [PMID: 26210487 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2015.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effects of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) on arteriosclerosis (AS) after kidney transplantation and the molecular mechanisms involved remain unclear. METHODS Samples were collected from 30 healthy volunteers and 30 renal transplant recipients (RTRs) to determine the levels of AGEs and to observe both histological changes and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and osteopontin (OPN) expression. Furthermore, we analyzed α-SMA, OPN and integrin-linked kinase (ILK) in rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) that were treated with AGEs and in ILK plasmid transfected rat VSMCs treated with AGEs. Finally, we measured the expression of ILK and the receptor for advanced glycation end (RAGE) products in rat VSMCs treated with AGEs and an anti-RAGE antibody. RESULTS Significant differences in the histological changes, serum AGEs, and expression of α-SMA and OPN in arterial walls were noted between healthy volunteers and RTRs. Significant OPN and ILK overexpression and reduced α-SMA expression were detected in a time-dependent manner in rat VSMCs after treatment with AGEs. Similar outcomes were observed regarding the overexpression of ILK, and these results could be prevented via RAGE inhibition. CONCLUSIONS AGEs may play a critical role in the formation and progression of AS after renal transplantation by inducing VSMCs-to-osteoblast trans-differentiation through the AGE/RAGE/ILK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuzhong Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210029, China
| | - Kun Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210029, China; Department of Urology, Huai'an First People's Hospital, 6 Beijing West Road, Huai'an, Jiangsu Province 223300, China
| | - Zijie Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210029, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of Urology, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, 26 Daoqian Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province 215001, China
| | - Zhijian Han
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210029, China
| | - Jun Tao
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210029, China
| | - Pei Lu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210029, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210029, China
| | - Bian Wu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210029, China
| | - Zhengkai Huang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210029, China
| | - Changjun Yin
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210029, China
| | - Min Gu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210029, China.
| | - Ruoyun Tan
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210029, China.
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22
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Luo J, Liang M, Mitch WE, Danesh FR, Yu M, Cheng J. FSP-1 Impairs the Function of Endothelium Leading to Failure of Arteriovenous Grafts in Diabetic Mice. Endocrinology 2015; 156:2200-10. [PMID: 25774552 PMCID: PMC4430603 DOI: 10.1210/en.2014-1841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
To understand how endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction contributes to the failure of arteriovenous graft (AVG), we investigated the role of fibroblast-specific protein 1 (FSP-1) in cultured ECs and a mouse AVG model. In vitro, we uncovered a new FSP-1-dependent pathway that activates rho-associated, coiled-coil-containing protein kinase 1 (ROCK1) in ECs, leading to phosphorylation of myosin light chain 2 resulting in EC dysfunction. In cultured ECs, high glucose stimulated FSP-1 expression and increased permeability of an EC monolayer. The increase in permeability by the high glucose concentration was mediated by FSP-1 expression. Treatment of cultured ECs with FSP-1 caused leakage of the endothelial barrier plus increased expression of adhesion molecules and decreased expression of junction molecules. These responses were initiated by binding of FSP-1 to receptor for advanced glycation end products, which resulted in ROCK1 activation. In vivo, diabetes increased infiltration of inflammatory cells into AVGs and stimulated neointima formation. Increased FSP-1 expression and ROCK1 activation were found in AVGs of diabetic mice. Blocking FSP-1 suppressed diabetes-induced ROCK1 activation in AVGs. In mice with FSP-1 knockout or with ROCK1 knockout, accumulation of inflammatory cells and neointima formation in AVG were attenuated despite diabetes. Thus, mechanisms of inhibiting FSP-1 in ECs could improve AVG function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlong Luo
- Nephrology Division (J.L., M.L., W.E.M., M.Y., J.C.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; Emergency Medicine (F.R.D.), University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030; and Department of Emergency (J.L.), Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China 430074
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Gu J, Zhang M, Yuan J, Zhao B, Feng L, Jia X, Zhang L, Wang Y, Huang L. Specificity Screening of Potential Active Components from Moutan Cortex for Rat Mesangial Cells HBZY-1 by Cell Membrane Immobilized Chromatography. Chin Med 2015. [DOI: 10.4236/cm.2015.62016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Batkulwar KB, Bansode SB, Patil GV, Godbole RK, Kazi RS, Chinnathambi S, Shanmugam D, Kulkarni MJ. Investigation of phosphoproteome in RAGE signaling. Proteomics 2014; 15:245-59. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201400169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2014] [Revised: 08/14/2014] [Accepted: 10/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kedar B. Batkulwar
- Proteomics Facility; Division of Biochemical Sciences; CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory; Pune India
| | - Sneha B. Bansode
- Proteomics Facility; Division of Biochemical Sciences; CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory; Pune India
| | - Gouri V. Patil
- Proteomics Facility; Division of Biochemical Sciences; CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory; Pune India
| | - Rashmi K. Godbole
- Proteomics Facility; Division of Biochemical Sciences; CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory; Pune India
| | - Rubina S. Kazi
- Proteomics Facility; Division of Biochemical Sciences; CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory; Pune India
| | | | - Dhanasekaran Shanmugam
- Proteomics Facility; Division of Biochemical Sciences; CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory; Pune India
| | - Mahesh J. Kulkarni
- Proteomics Facility; Division of Biochemical Sciences; CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory; Pune India
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Advanced glycation endproducts increase proliferation, migration and invasion of the breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2014; 1852:429-41. [PMID: 25514746 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2014.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2014] [Revised: 11/17/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic patients have increased likelihood of developing breast cancer. Advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) underlie the pathogenesis of diabetic complications but their impact on breast cancer cells is not understood. This study aims to determine the effects of methylglyoxal-derived bovine serum albumin AGEs (MG-BSA-AGEs) on the invasive MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line. By performing cell counting, using wound-healing assay, invasion assay and zymography analysis, we found that MG-BSA-AGEs increased MDA-MB-231 cell proliferation, migration and invasion through Matrigel™ associated with an enhancement of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 activities, in a dose-dependent manner. Using Western blot and flow cytometry analyses, we demonstrated that MG-BSA-AGEs increased expression of the receptor for AGEs (RAGE) and phosphorylation of key signaling protein extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)-1/2. Furthermore, in MG-BSA-AGE-treated cells, phospho-protein micro-array analysis revealed enhancement of phosphorylation of the ribosomal protein 70 serine S6 kinase beta 1 (p70S6K1), which is known to be involved in protein synthesis, the signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)-3 and the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) p38, which are involved in cell survival. Blockade of MG-BSA-AGE/RAGE interactions using a neutralizing anti-RAGE antibody inhibited MG-BSA-AGE-induced MDA-MB-231 cell processes, including the activation of signaling pathways. Throughout the study, non-modified BSA had a negligible effect. In conclusion, AGEs might contribute to breast cancer development and progression partially through the regulation of MMP-9 activity and RAGE signal activation. The up-regulation of RAGE and the concomitant increased phosphorylation of p70S6K1 induced by AGEs may represent promising targets for drug therapy to treat diabetic patients with breast cancer.
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He WL, Li YH, Hou WJ, Ke ZF, Chen XL, Lu LY, Cai SR, Song W, Zhang CH, He YL. RAD51 potentiates synergistic effects of chemotherapy with PCI-24781 and cis-diamminedichloroplatinum on gastric cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20:10094-10107. [PMID: 25110436 PMCID: PMC4123338 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i29.10094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2013] [Revised: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 03/06/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To explore the efficacy of PCI-24781, a broad-spectrum, hydroxamic acid-derived histone deacetylase inhibitor, in the treatment of gastric cancer (GC).
METHODS: With or without treatment of PCI-24781 and/or cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (CDDP), GC cell lines were subjected to functional analysis, including cell growth, apoptosis and clonogenic assays. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and luciferase reporter assays were used to determine the interacting molecules and the activity of the enzyme. An in vivo study was carried out in GC xenograft mice. Cell culture-based assays were represented as mean ± SD. ANOVA tests were used to assess differences across groups. All pairwise comparisons between tumor weights among treatment groups were made using the Tukey-Kramer method for multiple comparison adjustment to control experimental-wise type I error rates. Significance was set at P < 0.05.
RESULTS: PCI-24781 significantly reduced the growth of the GC cells, enhanced cell apoptosis and suppressed clonogenicity, and these effects synergized with the effects of CDDP. PCI-24781 modulated the cell cycle and significantly reduced the expression of RAD51, which is related to homologous recombination. Depletion of RAD51 augmented the biological functions of PCI-24781, CDDP and the combination treatment, whereas overexpressing RAD51 had the opposite effects. Increased binding of the transcription suppressor E2F4 on the RAD51 promoter appeared to play a major role in these processes. Furthermore, significant suppression of tumor growth and weight in vivo was obtained following PCI-24781 treatment, which synergized with the anticancer effect of CDDP.
CONCLUSION: These data suggest that RAD51 potentiates the synergistic effects of chemotherapy with PCI-24781 and CDDP on GC.
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The attenuation of Moutan Cortex on oxidative stress for renal injury in AGEs-induced mesangial cell dysfunction and streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy rats. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2014; 2014:463815. [PMID: 24876912 PMCID: PMC4021834 DOI: 10.1155/2014/463815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2013] [Revised: 03/25/2014] [Accepted: 04/02/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) has been regarded as one of the major pathogeneses of diabetic nephropathy (DN) through damaging kidney which is associated with renal cells dysfunction. The aim of this study was to investigate whether Moutan Cortex (MC) could protect kidney function against oxidative stress in vitro or in vivo. The compounds in MC extract were analyzed by HPLC-ESI-MS. High-glucose-fat diet and STZ (30 mg kg−1) were used to induce DN rats model, while 200 μg mL−1 AGEs were for HBZY-1 mesangial cell damage. The treatment with MC could significantly increase the activity of SOD, glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), and catalase (CAT). However, lipid peroxidation malondialdehyde (MDA) was reduced markedly in vitro or in vivo. Furthermore, MC decreased markedly the levels of blood glucose, serum creatinine, and urine protein in DN rats. Immunohistochemical assay showed that MC downregulated significantly transforming growth factor beta 2 (TGF-β2) protein expression in renal tissue. Our data provided evidence to support this fact that MC attenuated OS in AGEs-induced mesangial cell dysfunction and also in high-glucose-fat diet and STZ-induced DN rats.
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Huang S, Peng W, Jiang X, Shao K, Xia L, Tang Y, Qiu J. The effect of chromium picolinate supplementation on the pancreas and macroangiopathy in type II diabetes mellitus rats. J Diabetes Res 2014; 2014:717219. [PMID: 25054160 PMCID: PMC4099224 DOI: 10.1155/2014/717219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2014] [Revised: 04/22/2014] [Accepted: 04/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim was to explore the effect of the chromium picolinate (CrPic) administration on the pancreas and macroangiopathy of type II diabetes mellitus rats. METHODS The type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) rat model was induced by low-dose streptozotocin (STZ). The rats were randomly divided into 5 groups (ten rats in each group). After supplementing CrPic for 15 weeks, the histopathological examination was performed by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. Serum insulin and NO level were determined by radioimmunoassay and colorimetry, respectively. Serum glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C), adiponectin (APN), advanced glycation end products (AGES), and apelin were measured by ELISA. Real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was applied for detecting the mRNA expression of APN and apelin. RESULTS After CrPic treatment, compared with the T2DM control group (group 2), pancreas sections stained with HE showed the completed pancreatic cells structure and no inflammatory infiltration in groups 4 and 5. In addition, the levels of serum NO and insulin were significantly increased and the serum levels of HbA1C, AGES, APN, and apelin were significantly decreased in groups 4 and 5 compared with group 2. The mRNA expression of APN and apelin in groups 4 and 5 was also recovered to the normal level. CONCLUSION CrPic can recover the function of Β-cells and alleviate macroangiopathy in STZ-induced T2DM rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Huang
- Shanghai Tong Ren Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University Medical School, Xianxia Road No. 1111, Changning District, Shanghai 200336, China
- *Shan Huang:
| | - Wenfang Peng
- Shanghai Tong Ren Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University Medical School, Xianxia Road No. 1111, Changning District, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - Xiaohong Jiang
- Shanghai Tong Ren Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University Medical School, Xianxia Road No. 1111, Changning District, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - Kan Shao
- Shanghai Tong Ren Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University Medical School, Xianxia Road No. 1111, Changning District, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - Lili Xia
- Shanghai Tong Ren Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University Medical School, Xianxia Road No. 1111, Changning District, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - Yubin Tang
- Shanghai Tong Ren Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University Medical School, Xianxia Road No. 1111, Changning District, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - Jiayin Qiu
- Shanghai Tong Ren Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University Medical School, Xianxia Road No. 1111, Changning District, Shanghai 200336, China
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Stirban A, Gawlowski T, Roden M. Vascular effects of advanced glycation endproducts: Clinical effects and molecular mechanisms. Mol Metab 2013; 3:94-108. [PMID: 24634815 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2013.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2013] [Revised: 11/17/2013] [Accepted: 11/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The enhanced generation and accumulation of advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) have been linked to increased risk for macrovascular and microvascular complications associated with diabetes mellitus. AGEs result from the nonenzymatic reaction of reducing sugars with proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, potentially altering their function by disrupting molecular conformation, promoting cross-linking, altering enzyme activity, reducing their clearance, and impairing receptor recognition. AGEs may also activate specific receptors, like the receptor for AGEs (RAGE), which is present on the surface of all cells relevant to atherosclerotic processes, triggering oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis. Understanding the pathogenic mechanisms of AGEs is paramount to develop strategies against diabetic and cardiovascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alin Stirban
- Profil Institut für Stoffwechselforschung GmbH, Hellersbergstrasse 9, 41460 Neuss, Germany
| | - Thomas Gawlowski
- University of Paderborn, Warburger Str. 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany
| | - Michael Roden
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Institute for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany ; Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, University Clinics Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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Zhang MH, Feng L, Zhu MM, Gu JF, Jiang J, Cheng XD, Ding SM, Wu C, Jia XB. The anti-inflammation effect of Moutan Cortex on advanced glycation end products-induced rat mesangial cells dysfunction and High-glucose-fat diet and streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2013; 151:591-600. [PMID: 24269777 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2013] [Revised: 08/15/2013] [Accepted: 11/10/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Moutan Cortex (MC, family: Paeonia suffruticosa Andr.) is a well-known traditional herbal medicine that has been shown to hold a protective effect on inflammation in several diseases. However, its anti-inflammatory activity on diabetic nephropathy (DN) has been less reported. The present study was conducted to evaluate the potential attenuation activities of MC on inflammation in AGEs-induced rat mesangial cells dysfunction and high-glucose-fat diet and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced DN rats and explore the possible mechanism underlying its DN effect. MATERIALS AND METHODS The inflammation in mesangial cells (HBZY-1) was induced by 200 μg/ml advanced glycation end products (AGEs). DN rats model was established by an administration high-glucose-fat diet and an intraperitoneal injection of STZ (30 mg/kg). Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) level in cell supernatant and rats serum were detected by appropriate kits. A co-culture system of mesangial cells and macrophages was performed to evaluate the migration of macrophages. Immunohistochemical assay was applied to examine transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-β1), IL-6, MCP-1 and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression in kidney tissues of rats. Furthermore, western blot analysis was carried out to examine TGF-β1, IL-6, MCP-1, ICAM-1 and RAGE protein expressions in mesangial cells. RESULTS Pretreatment with MC could significantly inhibit AGEs-induced migration of macrophages in the co-culture system of mesangial cell and macrophage. MC could decrease IL-6 and MCP-1 levels in serum of DN rats in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, MC also improved the blood glucose, serum creatinine and urine protein levels. Both immunocytochemistry analysis and western blot analysis showed that MC decreased significantly the over-expression of IL-6, MCP-1, TGF-β1, ICAM-1 and RAGE in mesangial cells or kidney tissues. Additionally, the protein expression of proinflammatory cytokine could also be down-regulated by the pretreatment of RAGE-Ab (5 μg/ml). CONCLUSION These findings indicated that the extract of MC had an amelioration activity on the inflammation in AGEs-induced mesangial cells dysfunction and high-glucose-fat diet and STZ-induced DN rats. The protective effect might be associated with the intervention of MC via target of RAGE. These findings suggested that MC might be a benefit agent for the prevention and treatment of DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-hua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery Systems of Chinese Meteria Medica, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing 210028, PR China; Department of Pharmaceutics, Jiangsu University, Jiangsu, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Liang Feng
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery Systems of Chinese Meteria Medica, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing 210028, PR China.
| | - Mao-mao Zhu
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery Systems of Chinese Meteria Medica, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing 210028, PR China; Nanjing Institute of Supervision & Testing on Product Quality, Jiangsu, Nanjing 210028, PR China
| | - Jun-fei Gu
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery Systems of Chinese Meteria Medica, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing 210028, PR China; College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing 210046, PR China
| | - Jun Jiang
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery Systems of Chinese Meteria Medica, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing 210028, PR China; Nanjing Institute of Supervision & Testing on Product Quality, Jiangsu, Nanjing 210028, PR China; College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing 210046, PR China
| | - Xu-dong Cheng
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery Systems of Chinese Meteria Medica, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing 210028, PR China; College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing 210046, PR China
| | - Shu-ming Ding
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery Systems of Chinese Meteria Medica, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing 210028, PR China; College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing 210046, PR China
| | - Chan Wu
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery Systems of Chinese Meteria Medica, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing 210028, PR China; College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing 210046, PR China
| | - Xiao-bin Jia
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery Systems of Chinese Meteria Medica, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing 210028, PR China; Department of Pharmaceutics, Jiangsu University, Jiangsu, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China; College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing 210046, PR China.
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Zhang Z, Sethiel MS, Shen W, Liao S, Zou Y. Hyperoside downregulates the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) and promotes proliferation in ECV304 cells via the c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK) pathway following stimulation by advanced glycation end-products in vitro. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:22697-707. [PMID: 24252909 PMCID: PMC3856085 DOI: 10.3390/ijms141122697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2013] [Revised: 10/27/2013] [Accepted: 11/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperoside is a major active constituent in many medicinal plants which are traditionally used in Chinese medicines for their neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects. The molecular mechanisms underlying these effects are unknown. In this study, quiescent ECV304 cells were treated in vitro with advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in the presence or absence of hyperoside. The results demonstrated that AGEs induced c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK) activation and apoptosis in ECV304 cells. Hyperoside inhibited these effects and promoted ECV304 cell proliferation. Furthermore, hyperoside significantly inhibited RAGE expression in AGE-stimulated ECV304 cells, whereas knockdown of RAGE inhibited AGE-induced JNK activation. These results suggested that AGEs may promote JNK activation, leading to viability inhibition of ECV304 cells via the RAGE signaling pathway. These effects could be inhibited by hyperoside. Our findings suggest a novel role for hyperoside in the treatment and prevention of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyu Zhang
- Sericulture & Agri-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, NO. 133 Yiheng St. Dongguanzhuang Rd., Tianhe Ditrict, Guangzhou 510610, China; E-Mails: (W.S.); (S.L.)
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510185, China; E-Mails: (Z.Z.); (M.S.S.)
| | - Mosha Silas Sethiel
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510185, China; E-Mails: (Z.Z.); (M.S.S.)
| | - Weizhi Shen
- Sericulture & Agri-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, NO. 133 Yiheng St. Dongguanzhuang Rd., Tianhe Ditrict, Guangzhou 510610, China; E-Mails: (W.S.); (S.L.)
| | - Sentai Liao
- Sericulture & Agri-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, NO. 133 Yiheng St. Dongguanzhuang Rd., Tianhe Ditrict, Guangzhou 510610, China; E-Mails: (W.S.); (S.L.)
| | - Yuxiao Zou
- Sericulture & Agri-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, NO. 133 Yiheng St. Dongguanzhuang Rd., Tianhe Ditrict, Guangzhou 510610, China; E-Mails: (W.S.); (S.L.)
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +86-20-3722-7141
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α1-Adrenergic receptors mediate combined signals initiated by mechanical stretch stress and norepinephrine leading to accelerated mouse vein graft atherosclerosis. J Vasc Surg 2013; 57:1645-56, 1656.e1-3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2012.09.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2012] [Revised: 08/31/2012] [Accepted: 09/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Hu J, Liu J, Kwok MWT, Wong RHL, Huang Y, Wan S. Bone morphogenic protein-4 contributes to venous endothelial dysfunction in patients with diabetes undergoing coronary revascularization. Ann Thorac Surg 2013; 95:1331-9. [PMID: 23522199 DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2012.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2012] [Revised: 12/06/2012] [Accepted: 12/07/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyperglycemia-induced venous endothelial dysfunction accelerates the progression of vein graft failure in patients with diabetes undergoing surgical coronary revascularization. Recent studies suggest the importance of bone morphogenic protein-4 (BMP4)-induced arterial endothelial dysfunction in the development of hypertension and atherosclerosis. The present study investigated the potential role of BMP4 in the pathogenesis of venous endothelial dysfunction in the setting of diabetes. METHODS Segments of saphenous vein from pigs and from patients with diabetes or patients without diabetes, as well as human umbilical venous endothelial cells (HUVECs), were used. The changes of BMP4 expression in veins from patients and in HUVECs cultured under hyperglycemic conditions were evaluated by Western blot assay. The effects of BMP4 on the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and endothelium-dependent venous relaxation were assessed by using dihydroethidium fluorescence and isometric tension measurements, respectively. RESULTS The impaired venous endothelium-dependent relaxations (2.9%±4.8% versus control group 74.1%±10%; p<0.01) accompanied by markedly increased BMP4 expression were observed in the diabetic group. The level of BMP4 expression in HUVECs treated with high levels of glucose were elevated in a glucose concentration-dependent manner. Ex vivo treatment with the BMP4 antagonist noggin significantly improved endothelium-dependent relaxations and inhibited accumulation of ROS in saphenous veins from patients with diabetes. Noggin treatment had no effect on the venous endothelium-dependent relaxations in individuals without diabetes. Meanwhile, BMP4 inhibited acetylcholine-induced relaxation (control group, 90%±7.1% versus BMP4-treated group, 52%±12.6%; p<0.05) and enhanced ROS production in porcine saphenous veins. Such harmful effects were again reversed by noggin. CONCLUSIONS The increased BMP4 expression and related ROS overproduction may play an important role in the development of hyperglycemia-induced venous endothelial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Hu
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, and Institute of Vascular Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
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Wu F, Feng JZ, Qiu YH, Yu FB, Zhang JZ, Zhou W, Yu F, Wang GK, An LN, Ni FH, Wu H, Zhao XX, Qin YW, Luo HD. Activation of receptor for advanced glycation end products contributes to aortic remodeling and endothelial dysfunction in sinoaortic denervated rats. Atherosclerosis 2013; 229:287-94. [PMID: 23880178 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2013.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2012] [Revised: 04/11/2013] [Accepted: 04/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of present study was to test the hypothesis that activation of receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) pathway contributes to aortic remodeling and endothelial dysfunction in sinoaortic denervated (SAD) rats. METHODS AND RESULTS Experiment 1: 8 weeks after sinoaortic denervation, aortas were removed for measurement of AGE/RAGE pathway. Sinoaortic denervation in rats resulted in enhanced activity of aldose reductase, reduced activity of glyoxalase 1, accumulation of methylglyoxal and AGE, and upregulated expression of RAGE in aortas. Experiment 2: 5 weeks after sinoaortic denervation, the rats received intraperitoneal injections of 500 μg soluble RAGE (sRAGE) daily for 3 weeks. Treatment of SAD rats with sRAGE attenuated aortic remodeling, marked by reduction in AW/length, wall thickness, proliferation of SMC, and collagen deposition, and improvement of endothelial function. Treatment of SAD rats with sRAGE abated aortic oxidative stress, marked by reduction in formation of malondialdehyde, reactive oxygen species, superoxide, peroxynitrite and 3-nitrotyrosine, and enhancement of ratio of GSH/GSSG. Treatment of SAD rats with sRAGE attenuated aortic mitochondrial dysfunction. Treatment of SAD rats with sRAGE suppressed aortic NFκB nuclear translocation and inflammation. Treatment of SAD rats with sRAGE restored aortic NO formation through upregulating eNOS and dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase-2 and downregulating protein arginine methyltransferase-1. CONCLUSION Activated RAGE contributed to aortic remodeling and endothelial dysfunction in SAD rats, possibly via induction of oxidative stress and inflammation, impairment of mitochondrial function, and reduction in NO bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Wu
- Department of Cardiology, 98th Military Hospital, 9 CheZhan Road, Huzhou 313000, China
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Abstract
Haemodynamic factors influence all forms of vascular growth (vasculogenesis, angiogenesis, arteriogenesis). Because of its prominent role in atherosclerosis, shear stress has gained particular attention, but other factors such as circumferential stretch are equally important to maintain the integrity and to (re)model the vascular network. While these haemodynamic forces are crucial determinants of the appearance and the structure of the vasculature, they are in turn subjected to structural changes in the blood vessels, such as an increased arterial stiffness in chronic arterial hypertension and ageing. This results in an interplay between the various forces (biomechanical forces) and the involved vascular elements. Although many molecular mediators of biomechanical forces still need to be identified, there is plenty of evidence for the causal role of these forces in vascular growth processes, which will be summarized in this review. In addition, we will discuss the effects of concomitant diseases and disorders on these processes by altering either the biomechanics or their transduction into biological signals. Particularly endothelial dysfunction, diabetes, hypercholesterolaemia, and age affect mechanosensing and -transduction of flow signals, thereby underpinning their influence on cardiovascular health. Finally, current approaches to modify biomechanical forces to therapeutically modulate vascular growth in humans will be described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imo E Hoefer
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, University Medical Center, G02.523, Heidelberglaan 100, Utrecht 3584 CX, The Netherlands.
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36
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Qin Q, Niu J, Wang Z, Xu W, Qiao Z, Gu Y. Heparanase induced by advanced glycation end products (AGEs) promotes macrophage migration involving RAGE and PI3K/AKT pathway. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2013; 12:37. [PMID: 23442498 PMCID: PMC3637127 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2840-12-37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2013] [Accepted: 02/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Advanced glycation end products (AGEs), inflammatory-associated macrophage migration and accumulation are crucial for initiation and progression of diabetic vascular complication. Enzymatic activity of heparanase (HPA) is implicated strongly in dissemination of metastatic tumor cells and cells of the immune system. In addition, HPA enhances the phosphorylation of selected signaling molecules including AKT pathway independent of enzymatic activity. However, virtually nothing is presently known the role of HPA during macrophage migration exposed to AGEs involving signal pathway. Methods These studies were carried out in Ana-1 macrophages. Macrophage viability was measured by MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assays. HPA and AKT protein expression in macrophages are analysed by Western blotting and HPA mRNA expression by real time quantitative RT-PCR. Release of HPA was determined by ELISA. Macrophage migration was assessed by Transwell assays. Results HPA protein and mRNA were found to be increased significantly in AGEs-treated macrophages. Pretreatment with anti-HPA antibody which recognizes the nonenzymatic terminal of HPA prevented AGEs-induced AKT phosphorylation and macrophage migration. LY294002 (PI3k/AKT inhibitor) inhibited AGEs-induced macrophage migration. Furthermore, pretreatment with anti-receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) antibody attenuated AGEs-induced HPA expression, AKT phosphorylation and macrophage migration. Conclusions These data indicate that AGEs-induced macrophage migration is dependent on HPA involving RAGE-HPA-PI3K/AKT pathway. The nonenzymatic activity of HPA may play a key role in AGEs-induced macrophage migration associated with inflammation in diabetic vascular complication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaojing Qin
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, China
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37
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Zhang Z, Zhang M, Li Y, Liu S, Ping S, Wang J, Ning F, Xie F, Li C. Simvastatin inhibits the additive activation of ERK1/2 and proliferation of rat vascular smooth muscle cells induced by combined mechanical stress and oxLDL through LOX-1 pathway. Cell Signal 2012; 25:332-40. [PMID: 23072789 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2012.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2012] [Accepted: 10/10/2012] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Vein grafts interposed into arteries are susceptible to the development of atherosclerosis due to rapid increases in blood pressure. This process is accelerated in patients with hyperlipidemia. The molecular mechanism underlying this process is unknown. In this study, quiescent rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) were treated in vitro with mechanical stretch stress (10% elongation) with and without oxLDL (25 μg/ml) in the presence and absence of simvastatin (2.5 μmol/L). The results demonstrate that stretch stress and oxLDL can each induce activation of ERK1/2 and Ki-67 expression in VSMCs, but the peak levels of ERK activation and Ki-67 expression were observed in groups subjected to both stretch stress and oxLDL. Simvastatin was found to inhibit increased ERK activation and Ki-67 expression in VSMCs subjected to stretch stress with or without oxLDL. Mechanically, simvastatin was also found to inhibit increased expression of LOX-1 (a receptor of oxLDL) in VSMCs subjected to stretch stress with or without oxLDL. Knockdown of LOX-1 via small interfering RNAs (siRNA-LOX-1) resulted in obvious inhibition of ERK activation in VSMCs subjected to stretch stress with and without oxLDL. These results suggest that combined stretch stress and oxLDL can additively promote the activation of ERK1/2 leading to accelerated proliferation of VSMCs (e.g. increased Ki-67 expression) via LOX-1 signal pathway. This was found to be partially inhibited by simvastatin. These results may provide important data for the treatment and prevention of hypertension with or without hyperlipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyu Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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38
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He WL, Li YH, Yang DJ, Song W, Chen XL, Liu FK, Wang Z, Li W, Chen W, Chen CY, He YL, Zhan WH. Combined evaluation of centromere protein H and Ki-67 as prognostic biomarker for patients with gastric carcinoma. Eur J Surg Oncol 2012; 39:141-9. [PMID: 22999412 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2012.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2012] [Revised: 07/16/2012] [Accepted: 08/23/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Centromere protein H (CENP-H) is one of the essential components of the human active kinetochore which close links with carcinogenesis. Its expression and clinical value of prognostic prediction for gastric cancer (GC) is unclear. METHODS CENP-H and Ki-67 expressions in specimens from 166 patients with GC were determined by tissue microarrays and immunostaining. Their correlations between patients' clinicopathologic features and prognosis were explored. For mechanisms, quantitative CENP-H examination on gastric cancer tissue and cell lines was performed via real-time quantitative PCR and Western Blot. Its effect on Survivin expression and cell function was evaluated via CENP-H knocking down (SiRNA) or overexpression. RESULTS Highly expression of CENP-H was found in 85 of 166 GC, showing a significant correlation with tumour size, depth of infiltration, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis and UICC staging of gastric carcinoma (P < 0.05), as well as clinical prognosis (coefficient = 0.550, P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis revealed that combined CENP-H and Ki67 expression was a more valuable independent prognostic predictor for patients' survival (hazard ratio, 2.18; P = 0.0109). Furthermore, total mRNA and protein expression of CENP-H in GC tissue and cell lines were noticeably increased. Survivin expression and cell function including growth, proliferation and clonogenic ability could be inhibited by CENP-H siRNA or enhanced by overexpressing CENP-H. CONCLUSION High expression of CENP-H in GC indicates poor prognosis and Survivin may mediate its procancer role. Combined evaluation of CENP-H and Ki-67 aids in predicting the clinical prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- W L He
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Pancreatic Surgery and Centre of Gastric Cancer, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, PR China
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Musolino C, Allegra A, Saija A, Alonci A, Russo S, Spatari G, Penna G, Gerace D, Cristani M, David A, Saitta S, Gangemi S. Changes in advanced oxidation protein products, advanced glycation end products, and s-nitrosylated proteins, in patients affected by polycythemia vera and essential thrombocythemia. Clin Biochem 2012; 45:1439-43. [PMID: 22850610 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2012.07.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2012] [Revised: 07/16/2012] [Accepted: 07/20/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Oxidative stress has a clear pro tumoral effect in myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPDs). In this study, we analyzed oxidative stress in patients with essential thrombocythemia (ET) and polycythemia vera (PV). Design and methods We analyzed serum levels of advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs) degradation, advanced glycation end products (AGEs), and protein nitrosylation in ET and PV patients. We also evaluated neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) levels, an acute phase protein isolated in human neutrophils, the activation status of platelets and leukocytes, and the JAK2 (V617F) mutation status. RESULTS AOPPs and s-nitrosylated proteins were significantly higher in PV and ET subjects as compared to healthy volunteers, while AGEs were higher in ET subjects with respect to controls. Moreover, in PV patients we found a correlation between s-nitrosylated proteins and Hb value. In ET patients AGEs were significantly higher in patients with thrombosis compared with those without thrombotic events. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that oxidative stress could play a role in the physiopathology of MPDs and in the onset of myeloproliferative associated thrombotic risk.
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