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Usama N, El-Sayed A, Gamal M, Mekheimer S, Elhadidy K, Awadein M, Farid M. The independent association between 25 (OH) vitamin D deficiency, HOMA-IR, and lipid profile with APOE genotyping in obese cases with and without T2DM. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2024; 16:195. [PMID: 39138505 PMCID: PMC11321095 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-024-01427-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Vitamin D deficiency, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and APOE genotyping are implicated in the pathogenesis of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We wanted to find out if there was a link between a lack of 25(OH) vitamin D, HOMA-IR, and lipids and APOE genotyping in obese people with and without T2DM. METHODS We divided 300 Egyptians of both sexes into three groups in a case-control study: 100 obese cases with a body mass index of more than 30, 100 obese cases diagnosed with T2DM, and 100 controls with a body mass index of less than 30. Levels of 25 (OH) vitamin D, fasting blood sugar (FBS), HbA1C, fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, and lipid profile parameters were measured, and APOE genotypes were assessed using Applied BiosystemsTM TaqMan® SNP Genotyping Assays. RESULTS Higher levels of FBS, fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, and dyslipidemia were found in obese people with and without T2DM compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Lower levels of 25(OH) vitamin D were also found. Insulin resistance and lipid profile parameters, particularly in obese cases with T2DM, inversely correlate with vitamin D deficiency. The APOE genotyping analysis revealed strong links between vitamin D levels and certain APOE genotypes. Independent of metabolic parameters, higher vitamin D levels were associated with lower odds of E3/E4 and E4/E4 genotypes among obese cases with T2DM. CONCLUSION This study highlights the independent role of vitamin D deficiency in modulating APOE genotypes in obese T2DM individuals. The findings suggest potential implications for personalized interventions targeting vitamin D status to mitigate genetic predispositions to metabolic disorders such as obesity and T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagla Usama
- Medical Laboratory Technology Department, Faculty of Applied Health Science Technology, Misr University for Science and Technology, Cairo, Egypt.
- Biotechnology and Life Sciences Department, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.
| | - Amr El-Sayed
- Biotechnology and Life Sciences Department, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Gamal
- Internal Medicine Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Salma Mekheimer
- Medical Laboratory Technology Department, Faculty of Applied Health Science Technology, Misr University for Science and Technology, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Khaled Elhadidy
- Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Awadein
- Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Misr University for Science and Technology, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Farid
- Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
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Ozen E, Lovegrove JA, Jackson KG. Association between body composition and cardiometabolic disease risk: role of dietary fat intake and APOLIPOPROTEIN E genotype on this relationship. Proc Nutr Soc 2024:1-9. [PMID: 38253522 DOI: 10.1017/s0029665124000053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Excess body weight is associated with increased mortality and risk of developing CVD. Body fat distribution is now considered a better indicator of disease risk than BMI, with central adiposity associated with dyslipidaemia and insulin resistance. Dietary modification is unquestionably important in the prevention of obesity and CVD, with the type but not the amount of dietary fat emerging as an important determinant of both diseases. Although reducing SFA intake via replacement with unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) is a key public health strategy for CVD prevention, variability in the lipid lowering response has been observed. This narrative review aims to investigate the link between adiposity and CVD risk, and the role of dietary fat composition and APOLIPOPROTEIN (APO)E genotype on this relationship. In the absence of weight loss, replacing dietary SFA with UFA reduces central adiposity and anthropometric measures, and is linked with lower total and LDL-cholesterol concentrations. However, differences in study populations and body composition techniques need to be taken into consideration. To date, only a limited number of studies have determined the role of APOE on body composition and CVD risk, but findings are inconsistent. Both APOE2 and APOE4 alleles have been correlated with adiposity related markers, and an APOE genotype-BMI interaction has been reported on fasting lipids. However, studies are often performed retrospectively leading to small sample sizes within the genotype groups. Further studies are needed to confirm the relationship between APOE genotype, adiposity and circulating CVD risk markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ezgi Ozen
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research and Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health, University of Reading, Whiteknights, ReadingRG6 6DZ, UK
| | - Julie A Lovegrove
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research and Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health, University of Reading, Whiteknights, ReadingRG6 6DZ, UK
| | - Kim G Jackson
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research and Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health, University of Reading, Whiteknights, ReadingRG6 6DZ, UK
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Association between APOE Genotype with Body Composition and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Markers Is Modulated by BMI in Healthy Adults: Findings from the BODYCON Study. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179766. [PMID: 36077164 PMCID: PMC9456146 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Body mass index (BMI) has been suggested to play an important role in the relationship between the APOLIPOPROTEIN (APO)E genotype and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Using data from the BODYCON cross-sectional study (n = 360 adults) we assessed the association between body composition and CVD risk markers according to APOE genotype, with examination of the role of BMI. In this study cohort, the APOE2/E3 group had lower fasting blood lipids than APOE4 carriers and APOE3/E3 group (p ≤ 0.01). After stratifying the group according to BMI, APOE4 carriers in the normal BMI subgroup had a higher lean mass compared with the APOE3/E3 group (p = 0.02) whereas in the overweight/obese subgroup, the android to gynoid percentage fat ratio was lower in APOE4 carriers than APOE3/E3 group (p = 0.04). Fasting lipid concentrations were only different between the APOE2/E3 and other genotype groups within the normal weight BMI subgroup (p ≤ 0.04). This finding was associated with a lower dietary fibre and a higher trans-fat intake compared with APOE4 carriers, and a lower carbohydrate intake relative to the APOE3/E3 group. Our results confirm previous reports that BMI modulates the effect of APOE on CVD risk markers and suggest novel interactions on body composition, with diet a potential modulator of this relationship.
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Garcia AR, Finch C, Gatz M, Kraft T, Eid Rodriguez D, Cummings D, Charifson M, Buetow K, Beheim BA, Allayee H, Thomas GS, Stieglitz J, Gurven MD, Kaplan H, Trumble BC. APOE4 is associated with elevated blood lipids and lower levels of innate immune biomarkers in a tropical Amerindian subsistence population. eLife 2021; 10:68231. [PMID: 34586066 PMCID: PMC8480980 DOI: 10.7554/elife.68231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In post-industrial settings, apolipoprotein E4 (APOE4) is associated with increased cardiovascular and neurological disease risk. However, the majority of human evolutionary history occurred in environments with higher pathogenic diversity and low cardiovascular risk. We hypothesize that in high-pathogen and energy-limited contexts, the APOE4 allele confers benefits by reducing innate inflammation when uninfected, while maintaining higher lipid levels that buffer costs of immune activation during infection. Among Tsimane forager-farmers of Bolivia (N = 1266, 50% female), APOE4 is associated with 30% lower C-reactive protein, and higher total cholesterol and oxidized LDL. Blood lipids were either not associated, or negatively associated with inflammatory biomarkers, except for associations of oxidized LDL and inflammation which were limited to obese adults. Further, APOE4 carriers maintain higher levels of total and LDL cholesterol at low body mass indices (BMIs). These results suggest that the relationship between APOE4 and lipids may be beneficial for pathogen-driven immune responses and unlikely to increase cardiovascular risk in an active subsistence population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela R Garcia
- Center for Evolution and Medicine, Arizona State University, Tempe, United States.,Department of Anthropology, Emory University, Atlanta, United States
| | - Caleb Finch
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, Dornsife College, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, United States
| | - Margaret Gatz
- Center for Economic and Social Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, United States
| | - Thomas Kraft
- Department of Anthropology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, United States
| | | | - Daniel Cummings
- Institute for Economics and Society, Chapman University, Orange, United States
| | - Mia Charifson
- Vilcek Institute of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, New York University, New York, United States
| | - Kenneth Buetow
- Center for Evolution and Medicine, Arizona State University, Tempe, United States.,School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, United States
| | - Bret A Beheim
- Department of Human Behavior, Ecology and Culture, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Hooman Allayee
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Irvine, Irvine, United States.,Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Irvine, Irvine, United States
| | - Gregory S Thomas
- Long Beach Memorial, Long Beach and University of California Irvine, Irvine, United States
| | - Jonathan Stieglitz
- Institute for Advanced Study in Toulouse, Universite Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Michael D Gurven
- Department of Anthropology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, United States
| | - Hillard Kaplan
- Institute for Economics and Society, Chapman University, Orange, United States
| | - Benjamin C Trumble
- School of Human Evolution and Social Change, Arizona State University, Tempe, United States
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Cai J, Liu Q, Liu S, Mai T, Xu M, He H, Mo C, Xu X, Zhang J, Tang X, Lu H, Li Y, Qin J, Zhang Z. Associations between Apolipoprotein E Gene Polymorphism, Diet and Dyslipidemia in a Yao Minority Area, China. J Am Coll Nutr 2021; 41:690-696. [PMID: 34339344 DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2021.1953415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to assess the effects of Apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene polymorphisms, dietary nutrient intake, and their interactions on the prevalence of dyslipidemia in a Yao minority area, China. METHODS rs429358, rs7412, rs7259620, and rs405509 of the APOE gene were genotyped in 1014 adults aged ≥30 years by using the MassArray system. Dietary nutrients intake data were ascertained from a 109-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). RESULTS Multifactorial logistics regression analysis showed that dyslipidemia was associated with rs7412-CT/TT genotype (OR: 0.540, Bonferroni correction confidence interval: 0.336-0.869), high fat intake (OR: 1.644, 95% CI: 1.128-2.395), high saturated fatty acid (SFA) intake (OR: 1.668, 95% CI: 1.146-2.428), medium carbohydrate intake (OR: 0.634, 95% CI: 0.461-0.873) and high carbohydrate intake (OR: 0.591, 95% CI: 0.406-0.858). The results of logistics regression multiplication model showed that medium carbohydrate intake in the carriers of the rs7412 minor alleles was associated with a low risk of dyslipidemia (OR: 0.433, Bonferroni correction confidence interval: 0.199-0.941). CONCLUSIONS Genetic variations at the rs7412, dietary fat, SFA, and carbohydrate intake and the interaction between APOE gene polymorphisms and carbohydrate intake are associated with dyslipidemia in Yao nationality people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiansheng Cai
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, PR China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Microenvironmental Regulation, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, PR China
| | - Qiumei Liu
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, PR China
| | - Shuzhen Liu
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, PR China
| | - Tingyu Mai
- Department of Environmental Health and Occupational Medicine, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, PR China
| | - Min Xu
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, PR China
| | - Haoyu He
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, PR China.,Quality Management Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, PR China
| | - Chunbao Mo
- Department of Environmental Health and Occupational Medicine, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, PR China
| | - Xia Xu
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, PR China
| | - Junling Zhang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, PR China
| | - Xu Tang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, PR China
| | - Huaxiang Lu
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, PR China
| | - You Li
- Department of Environmental Health and Occupational Medicine, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, PR China
| | - Jian Qin
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, PR China
| | - Zhiyong Zhang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, PR China.,Department of Environmental Health and Occupational Medicine, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, PR China
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Al-Thani HF, Ahmad MN, Younes S, Zayed H. Genetic Variants Associated With Alzheimer Disease in the 22 Arab Countries: A Systematic Review. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord 2021; 35:178-186. [PMID: 33769987 DOI: 10.1097/wad.0000000000000447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Alzheimer disease (AD) is a progressive and complex neurodegenerative disease. Approximately 70% of AD risk is attributed to genetic risk factors, including variants in amyloid precursor protein (APP), presenilin 1 (PSEN1), and presenilin 2 (PSEN2) genes. Several studies have revealed a considerable number of candidate loci and genes for AD among different ethnic populations. However, the outcomes of these studies have been inconsistent. In this study, we aimed to investigate the spectrum of variants that are associated with the onset and development of AD among 22 Arab countries. METHODOLOGY We systematically searched 4 literature databases (Science Direct, Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science) from the date of inception until July 2020 using various search terms to obtain all the reported genetic data on Arab AD cases. RESULTS In total, 18 studies were included, comprising a total of 2173 individuals, of whom 888 were clinically diagnosed AD patients and were genetically tested for genes and variants associated with AD. A total of 27 variants in 8 genes were found to be associated with AD. Of these variants, 17 were unique to the Arab population and 10 were shared with other ethnic groups. CONCLUSIONS There is a dearth of studies on the genetics of AD in the Arab world. There seems to be distinctive genetic and clinical susceptibility profiles for Arab patients with AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hissa F Al-Thani
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
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7
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Torres-Valadez R, Ramos-Lopez O, Frías Delgadillo KJ, Flores-García A, Rojas Carrillo E, Aguiar-García P, Bernal Pérez JA, Martinez-Lopez E, Martínez JA, Zepeda-Carrillo EA. Impact of APOE Alleles-by-Diet Interactions on Glycemic and Lipid Features- A Cross-Sectional Study of a Cohort of Type 2 Diabetes Patients from Western Mexico: Implications for Personalized Medicine. PHARMACOGENOMICS & PERSONALIZED MEDICINE 2020; 13:655-663. [PMID: 33273843 PMCID: PMC7705254 DOI: 10.2147/pgpm.s277952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Purpose To analyze clinically relevant interactions between the apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε2, ε3 and ε4 alleles and nutritional factors on glycemic control and lipid levels in a cohort of type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients from western Mexico. Patients and Methods In this cross-sectional study of the cohort of T2D patients, a total of 224 individuals were selected for interaction studies. Clinical and anthropometric data were obtained from pre-designed medical records. Dietary intake was assessed by validated three-day food consumption records. Biochemical measurements were determined by automated methods. APOE genotyping was performed by a real-time allelic discrimination assay. Gene–diet interactions were tested by corrected multiple linear regression analyses, which were adjusted by potential confounding factors such as age, sex, energy intake, BMI and anti-hyperglycemic therapy (Metformin, Glibenclamide or Insulin), and years with T2D. Results Seventy-six percent of patients with T2D were on Metformin therapy. The frequencies of the APOE alleles were ε2 (5.8%), ε3 (74.1%) and ε4 (20.1%). After statistical settings, significant APOE alleles-by-diet interactions in relation to the metabolic profile were found. Interestingly, higher blood levels of total cholesterol (p int. = 0.016), non-HDL-c (p int. = 0.024), and LDL-c (p int. = 0.030) were found only in carriers of the APOE ε2 allele with a low consumption of MUFA. In contrast, carriers of the APOE ε4 allele with a high ω-6:ω-3 PUFA ratio in the diet had higher %HbA1c blood concentrations (p int. = 0.035). Conclusion This study suggests a differential metabolic impact of APOE alleles on lipid/glycemic phenotypes depending on the dietary intake, with important potential implications in the personalized medicine and nutritional management of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Torres-Valadez
- Specialized Unit in Research, Development and Innovation in Genomic Medicine, Nayarit Center for Innovation and Technology Transfer, Autonomous University of Nayarit, Tepic, Nayarit, Mexico.,Integral Health Academic Unit, Autonomous University of Nayarit, Tepic, Nayarit, Mexico
| | - Omar Ramos-Lopez
- Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Autonomous University of Baja California, Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico
| | - Kevin J Frías Delgadillo
- Specialized Unit in Research, Development and Innovation in Genomic Medicine, Nayarit Center for Innovation and Technology Transfer, Autonomous University of Nayarit, Tepic, Nayarit, Mexico
| | - Aurelio Flores-García
- Specialized Unit in Research, Development and Innovation in Genomic Medicine, Nayarit Center for Innovation and Technology Transfer, Autonomous University of Nayarit, Tepic, Nayarit, Mexico
| | - Esaú Rojas Carrillo
- Family Medicine Unit No. 24 "Ignacio García Tellez", Mexican Social Security Institute, Tepic, Nayarit, Mexico
| | - Pedro Aguiar-García
- Specialized Unit in Research, Development and Innovation in Genomic Medicine, Nayarit Center for Innovation and Technology Transfer, Autonomous University of Nayarit, Tepic, Nayarit, Mexico
| | - J Antonio Bernal Pérez
- Family Medicine Unit No. 24 "Ignacio García Tellez", Mexican Social Security Institute, Tepic, Nayarit, Mexico
| | - Erika Martinez-Lopez
- Institute of Translational Nutrigenetics and Nutrigenomics, Department of Molecular and Genomic Biology, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - J Alfredo Martínez
- Precision Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Health, IMDEA-Food Institute (Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies), Madrid, Spain.,CIBERobn, Fisiopatología De La Obesidad y La Nutrición, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eloy A Zepeda-Carrillo
- Specialized Unit in Research, Development and Innovation in Genomic Medicine, Nayarit Center for Innovation and Technology Transfer, Autonomous University of Nayarit, Tepic, Nayarit, Mexico.,Tepic Civil Hospital "Dr. Antonio González Guevara", Health Services in Nayarit, Tepic, Nayarit, Mexico
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Vivian L, Bruscato NM, Werle BM, de Carli W, Soares RAG, Santos PCDL, Moriguchi EH. Association of Cardiovascular Risk Factors and APOE Polymorphism with Mortality in the Oldest Old: A 21-Year Cohort Study. Arq Bras Cardiol 2020; 115:873-881. [PMID: 32876203 PMCID: PMC8452209 DOI: 10.36660/abc.20190263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Knowledge of environmental and genetic factors for healthy aging in elderly people is controversial. In addition to this evidence, few studies have been designed for this population. OBJECTIVES To investigate the relationship between the most frequent apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotypes and mortality in very elderly individuals living in a community and to evaluate survival according to cardiovascular risk factors. METHODS A sample of 74 elderly individuals aged ≥ 80 years, from the Veranópolis Project cohort, was selected for APOE genotyping. At baseline, anthropometric variables, glucose and lipid levels, blood pressure, and lifestyle variables (smoking, alcohol consumption, and physical activity) were collected. The Bayer Activities of Daily Living Scale was applied to their caregivers. Total study follow-up was 21 years. Two-sided p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS There was no association between APOE genotypes and mortality. However, the risk of death in elderly smokers was 2.30 times higher (hazard ratio [HR], 95% CI 1.01 to 5.24); in individuals with diabetes, it was 3.95 times higher (HR, 95% CI 1.27 to 12.30) than in individuals without diabetes. Subjects who practiced vigorous physical activity had a 51% reduction in risk of death (HR = 0.49, 95% CI 0.27 to 0.88). For an increase of 1 mmHg in systolic blood pressure, there was a 2% reduction (HR = 0.98, 95% CI 0.97 to 0.99) in risk of death. CONCLUSION In this sample population, APOE genotypes were not associated with mortality. However, classic cardiovascular risk factors may be important for overall mortality in the very elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilian Vivian
- Hospital Comunitário São Peregrino LazzioziAssociação Veranense de Assistência em SaúdeVeranópolisRSBrasilHospital Comunitário São Peregrino Lazziozi, Associação Veranense de Assistência em Saúde (AVAES), Veranópolis, RS - Brasil
| | - Neide Maria Bruscato
- Hospital Comunitário São Peregrino LazzioziAssociação Veranense de Assistência em SaúdeVeranópolisRSBrasilHospital Comunitário São Peregrino Lazziozi, Associação Veranense de Assistência em Saúde (AVAES), Veranópolis, RS - Brasil
| | - Berenice Maria Werle
- Hospital Comunitário São Peregrino LazzioziAssociação Veranense de Assistência em SaúdeVeranópolisRSBrasilHospital Comunitário São Peregrino Lazziozi, Associação Veranense de Assistência em Saúde (AVAES), Veranópolis, RS - Brasil
| | - Waldemar de Carli
- Hospital Comunitário São Peregrino LazzioziAssociação Veranense de Assistência em SaúdeVeranópolisRSBrasilHospital Comunitário São Peregrino Lazziozi, Associação Veranense de Assistência em Saúde (AVAES), Veranópolis, RS - Brasil
| | - Renata Alonso Gadi Soares
- Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade de São PauloInstituto do Coração (InCor)Laboratório de Genética e Cardiologia MolecularSão PauloSPBrasilLaboratório de Genética e Cardiologia Molecular, Instituto do Coração (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade de São Paulo (HC/FMUSP), São Paulo, SP - Brasil
| | - Paulo Caleb de Lima Santos
- Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade de São PauloInstituto do Coração (InCor)Laboratório de Genética e Cardiologia MolecularSão PauloSPBrasilLaboratório de Genética e Cardiologia Molecular, Instituto do Coração (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade de São Paulo (HC/FMUSP), São Paulo, SP - Brasil
- Universidade Federal de São PauloEscola Paulista de MedicinaDepartamento de FarmacologiaSão PauloSPBrasilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo Escola Paulista de Medicina - Departamento de Farmacologia, São Paulo, SP - Brasil
| | - Emilio Hideyuki Moriguchi
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulMedicina InternaPorto AlegreRSBrasilUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - Medicina Interna, Porto Alegre, RS- Brasil
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Galal AA, Abd Elmajeed AA, Elbaz RA, Wafa AM, Elshazli RM. Association of Apolipoprotein E gene polymorphism with the risk of T2DM and obesity among Egyptian subjects. Gene 2020; 769:145223. [PMID: 33059023 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.145223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous reports investigated the involvement of apolipoprotein E (APOE) polymorphisms with elevated risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity. The principal objective of this study is to assess the contribution of APOE polymorphisms (rs429358 and rs7412) with the risk of T2DM and obesity. SUBJECTS AND METHODS This work was designed involving 400 participants [100 healthy controls, 100 T2DM patients, 100 obese patients, and 100 T2DM + obese patients]. Genomic deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) of the APOE polymorphisms was characterized using the PCR-RFLP assay. RESULTS The common predominant genotype of the study population is the APOE Ɛ3/Ɛ3 [T2DM patients (46%), obese patients (52%), T2DM + obese patients (37%), and healthy controls (58%)]. The frequencies of the APOE Ɛ4/Ɛ4 genotype and the APOE*Ɛ4 allele were significantly elevated among T2DM patients (p-value < 0.05). Additionally, the frequencies of the APOE Ɛ2/Ɛ2 genotype and the APOE*Ɛ2 allele were significantly increased among obese patients (p-value < 0.05). Moreover, the frequencies of the APOE Ɛ2/Ɛ2 genotype, APOE*Ɛ2 allele, APOE Ɛ4/Ɛ4 genotype, and APOE*Ɛ4 allele were statistically significant among T2DM + obese patients (p-value < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS APOE*Ɛ2 and APOE*Ɛ4 alleles were considered as independent risk factor among T2DM + obese patients. Furthermore, the APOE*Ɛ2 allele was correlated with elevated risk of obesity, while the APOE*Ɛ4 allele was correlated with elevated risk of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr A Galal
- Biochemistry Section, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A Abd Elmajeed
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Rizk A Elbaz
- Genetic Unit, Children Hospital, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Alaa M Wafa
- Diabetes and Endocrine Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Rami M Elshazli
- Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Unit, Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Horus University - Egypt, New Damietta 34518, Egypt.
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Boulenouar H, Hetraf SAL, Djellouli HO, Meroufel DN, Fodil FZ, Hammani-Medjaoui I, Mehtar NS, Houti L, Benchekor SM. Lack of association between genetic variants in the 19q13.32 region and CHD risk in the Algerian population: a population-based nested case-control study. Afr Health Sci 2020; 20:735-744. [PMID: 33163038 PMCID: PMC7609110 DOI: 10.4314/ahs.v20i2.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality over the world; intermediate traits associated with CHD commonly studied can be influenced by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. OBJECTIVE We found previously significant association between three genetic polymorphisms, and the lipid profile variations in the Algerian population. Considering these findings, we therefore decided to assess the relationships between these polymorphisms and CHD risk. METHODS We performed a population-based, cross-sectional study, of 787 individuals recruited in the city of Oran, in which, a nested case-control study for MetS, T2D, HBP, obesity and CHD were performed. Subjects were genotyped for four SNP rs7412, rs429358 rs4420638 and rs439401 located in the 19q13.32 region. RESULTS The T allele of rs439401 confers a high risk of hypertension with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.46 (95% CI [1.12-1.9], p = 0.006) and the G allele of rs4420638 was significantly associated with a decreased risk of obesity, OR 0.48 (95% CI [0.29-0.81], p = 0.004). No associations were found for MetS, T2D and CHD. CONCLUSION Although the studied genetic variants were not associated with the risk of CHD, the 19q13.32 locus was associated with some of the cardiometabolic disorders in Algerian subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houssam Boulenouar
- Laboratoire de recherche Cancer Lab N°30, Faculté de Médecine « Dr Benzerdjeb Benaouda », Université Aboubekr Belkaid-Tlemcen 13000, Algérie
- Département de Médecine, Faculté de Médecine « Dr Benzerdjeb Benaouda », Université Aboubekr Belkaid-Tlemcen 13000, Algérie
- Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université des sciences et de la technologie d'Oran-Mohamed BOUDIAF, Oran 31000, Algérie
- Corresponding author: Houssam Boulenouar, Département de Médecine, Faculté de Médecine « Dr Benzerdjeb Benaouda », Université Aboubekr Belkaid-Tlemcen 13000, Algérie. Tel : +213 771 447 897 / +213 550 376 034 /
| | - Sarah Aicha Lardjam Hetraf
- Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université des sciences et de la technologie d'Oran-Mohamed BOUDIAF, Oran 31000, Algérie
| | - Hadjira Ouhaibi Djellouli
- Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université des sciences et de la technologie d'Oran-Mohamed BOUDIAF, Oran 31000, Algérie
| | - Djabaria Naima Meroufel
- Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université des sciences et de la technologie d'Oran-Mohamed BOUDIAF, Oran 31000, Algérie
| | - Faouzia Zemani Fodil
- Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université des sciences et de la technologie d'Oran-Mohamed BOUDIAF, Oran 31000, Algérie
| | - Imane Hammani-Medjaoui
- Caisse Nationale des Assurances Sociales des travailleurs salariés, Clinique Spécialisée en Orthopédie et Rééducation des Victimes des Accidents de Travail, Oran 31000, Algérie
| | - Nadhira Saidi Mehtar
- Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université des sciences et de la technologie d'Oran-Mohamed BOUDIAF, Oran 31000, Algérie
| | - Leila Houti
- Faculté de Médecine, Université d'Oran 1 and LABoratoire des Systèmes d'Information en Santé, Université d'Oran 1, Oran 31000, Algérie
| | - Sounnia Mediene Benchekor
- Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université des sciences et de la technologie d'Oran-Mohamed BOUDIAF, Oran 31000, Algérie
- Département de Biotechnologie, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université Oran 1 Ahmed Ben Bella, Oran 31000, Algérie
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El Shamieh S, Costanian C, Kassir R, Visvkis-Siest S, Bissar-Tadmouri N. APOE genotypes in Lebanon: distribution and association with hypercholesterolemia and Alzheimer's disease. Per Med 2018; 16:15-23. [PMID: 30457419 DOI: 10.2217/pme-2018-0067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
AIM We first investigated the distribution of APOE genotypes in Lebanese general population and Alzheimer's disease study (ADS) groups, and compared it with 1000 genomes populations. Then, we assessed eventual association between APOE genotypes, hypercholesterolemia and Alzheimer's disease (AD). MATERIALS & METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted on 591 individuals. Clinical and biological data were collected, DNA was extracted and genotyped using Kompetitive allele specific PCR (KASP™) and PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphis (PCR-RFLP). Results: Prevalence of APOE genotypes in Lebanon was similar to that seen in Asian populations. APOE genotypes were not associated with hypercholesterolemia. A significant difference between APOE genotypes in AD cases versus controls and versus Lebanese general population was seen. Moreover, E4 allele was approximately threefold higher in Alzheimer's disease study patients when compared with the remaining individuals. CONCLUSION We established the distribution of APOE genotypes in the Lebanon and showed that in contrast to lipid profile, E4 correlates with AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Said El Shamieh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Christy Costanian
- School of Kinesiology & Health Science, York University, Toronto, ON M3J1P3, Canada
| | - Rayan Kassir
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Sophie Visvkis-Siest
- Université de Lorraine, Inserm, IGE-PCV, F-54000 Nancy, France.,Department of Internal Medicine & Geriatrics, CHU Technopôle Nancy-Brabois, Rue du Morvan, 54511, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Nisrine Bissar-Tadmouri
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon
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Levada OA, Troyan AS. Poststroke Depression Biomarkers: A Narrative Review. Front Neurol 2018; 9:577. [PMID: 30061860 PMCID: PMC6055004 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2018.00577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Poststroke depression (PSD) is the most prevalent psychiatric disorder after stroke, which is independently correlated with negative clinical outcome. The identification of specific biomarkers could help to increase the sensitivity of PSD diagnosis and elucidate its pathophysiological mechanisms. The aim of current study was to review and summarize literature exploring potential biomarkers for PSD diagnosis. The PubMed database was searched for papers published in English from October 1977 to December 2017, 90 of which met inclusion criteria for clinical studies related to PSD biomarkers. PSD biomarkers were subdivided into neuroimaging, molecular, and neurophysiological. Some of them could be recommended to support PSD diagnosing. According to the data, lesions affecting the frontal-subcortical circles of mood regulation (prefrontal cortex, basal nuclei, and thalamus) predominantly in the left hemisphere can be considered as neuroimaging markers and predictors for PSD for at least 1 year after stroke. Additional pontine and lobar cerebral microbleeds in acute stroke patients, as well as severe microvascular lesions of the brain, increase the likelihood of PSD. The following molecular candidates can help to differentiate PSD patients from non-depressed stroke subjects: decreased serum BDNF concentrations; increased early markers of inflammation (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, ferritin, neopterin, and glutamate), serum pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-18, IFN-γ), as well as pro-inflammatory/anti-inflammatory ratios (TNF-α/IL-10, IL-1β/IL-10, IL-6/IL-10, IL-18/IL-10, IFN-γ/IL-10); lowered complement expression; decreased serum vitamin D levels; hypercortisolemia and blunted cortisol awakening response; S/S 5-HTTLPR, STin2 9/12, and 12/12 genotypes of the serotonin transporter gene SLC6A4, 5-HTR2a 1438 A/A, and BDNF met/met genotypes; higher SLC6A4 promoter and BDNF promoter methylation status. Neurophysiological markers of PSD, that reflect a violation of perception and cognitive processing, are the elongation of the latency of N200, P300, and N400, as well as the decrease in the P300 and N400 amplitude of the event-related potentials. The selected panel of biomarkers may be useful for paraclinical underpinning of PSD diagnosis, clarifying various aspects of its multifactorial pathogenesis, optimizing therapeutic interventions, and assessing treatment effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleg A Levada
- State Institution "Zaporizhzhia Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education Ministry of Health of Ukraine", Zaporizhzhia, Ukraine
| | - Alexandra S Troyan
- State Institution "Zaporizhzhia Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education Ministry of Health of Ukraine", Zaporizhzhia, Ukraine
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Phenotype and genotype predictors of BMI variability among European adults. Nutr Diabetes 2018; 8:27. [PMID: 29795275 PMCID: PMC5966508 DOI: 10.1038/s41387-018-0041-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/Objective Obesity is a complex and multifactorial disease resulting from the interactions among genetics, metabolic, behavioral, sociocultural and environmental factors. In this sense, the aim of the present study was to identify phenotype and genotype variables that could be relevant determinants of body mass index (BMI) variability. Subjects/Methods In the present study, a total of 1050 subjects (798 females; 76%) were included. Least angle regression (LARS) analysis was used as regression model selection technique, where the dependent variable was BMI and the independent variables were age, sex, energy intake, physical activity level, and 16 polymorphisms previously related to obesity and lipid metabolism. Results The LARS analysis obtained the following formula for BMI explanation: (64.7 + 0.10 × age [years] + 0.42 × gender [0, men; 1, women] + −40.6 × physical activity [physical activity level] + 0.004 × energy intake [kcal] + 0.74 × rs9939609 [0 or 1–2 risk alleles] + −0.72 × rs1800206 [0 or 1–2 risk alleles] + −0.86 × rs1801282 [0 or 1–2 risk alleles] + 0.87 × rs429358 [0 or 1–2 risk alleles]. The multivariable regression model accounted for 21% of the phenotypic variance in BMI. The regression model was internally validated by the bootstrap method (r2 original data set = 0.208, mean r2 bootstrap data sets = 0.210). Conclusion In conclusion, age, physical activity, energy intake and polymorphisms in FTO, APOE, PPARG and PPARA genes are significant predictors of the BMI trait.
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14
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Shatwan IM, Winther KH, Ellahi B, Elwood P, Ben-Shlomo Y, Givens I, Rayman MP, Lovegrove JA, Vimaleswaran KS. Association of apolipoprotein E gene polymorphisms with blood lipids and their interaction with dietary factors. Lipids Health Dis 2018; 17:98. [PMID: 29712557 PMCID: PMC5928585 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-018-0744-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several candidate genes have been identified in relation to lipid metabolism, and among these, lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene polymorphisms are major sources of genetically determined variation in lipid concentrations. This study investigated the association of two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at LPL, seven tagging SNPs at the APOE gene, and a common APOE haplotype (two SNPs) with blood lipids, and examined the interaction of these SNPs with dietary factors. METHODS The population studied for this investigation included 660 individuals from the Prevention of Cancer by Intervention with Selenium (PRECISE) study who supplied baseline data. The findings of the PRECISE study were further replicated using 1238 individuals from the Caerphilly Prospective cohort (CaPS). Dietary intake was assessed using a validated food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ) in PRECISE and a validated semi-quantitative FFQ in the CaPS. Interaction analyses were performed by including the interaction term in the linear regression model adjusted for age, body mass index, sex and country. RESULTS There was no association between dietary factors and blood lipids after Bonferroni correction and adjustment for confounding factors in either cohort. In the PRECISE study, after correction for multiple testing, there was a statistically significant association of the APOE haplotype (rs7412 and rs429358; E2, E3, and E4) and APOE tagSNP rs445925 with total cholesterol (P = 4 × 10- 4 and P = 0.003, respectively). Carriers of the E2 allele had lower total cholesterol concentration (5.54 ± 0.97 mmol/L) than those with the E3 (5.98 ± 1.05 mmol/L) (P = 0.001) and E4 (6.09 ± 1.06 mmol/L) (P = 2 × 10- 4) alleles. The association of APOE haplotype (E2, E3, and E4) and APOE SNP rs445925 with total cholesterol (P = 2 × 10- 6 and P = 3 × 10- 4, respectively) was further replicated in the CaPS. Additionally, significant association was found between APOE haplotype and APOE SNP rs445925 with low density lipoprotein cholesterol in CaPS (P = 4 × 10- 4 and P = 0.001, respectively). After Bonferroni correction, none of the cohorts showed a statistically significant SNP-diet interaction on lipid outcomes. CONCLUSION In summary, our findings from the two cohorts confirm that genetic variations at the APOE locus influence plasma total cholesterol concentrations, however, the gene-diet interactions on lipids require further investigation in larger cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Israa M Shatwan
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition and Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (ICMR), Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights, PO Box 226, Reading, RG6 6AP, UK.,Food and Nutrition Department, Faculty of Home Economics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Basma Ellahi
- Faculty of Health and Social Care, University of Chester, Chester, CH1 1SL, UK
| | - Peter Elwood
- Department of Epidemiology, Statistics and Public Health, Cardiff University, University Hospital of Wales, Heath Park, Cardiff, CF14 4XW, UK
| | - Yoav Ben-Shlomo
- Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2PS, UK
| | - Ian Givens
- Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health, University of Reading, Earley Gate, Reading, RG6 6AR, UK
| | - Margaret P Rayman
- Department of Nutritional Sciences Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Julie A Lovegrove
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition and Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (ICMR), Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights, PO Box 226, Reading, RG6 6AP, UK
| | - Karani S Vimaleswaran
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition and Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (ICMR), Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights, PO Box 226, Reading, RG6 6AP, UK.
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15
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Ribeiro MR, Lima RPA, Lisboa JVDC, Chaves TR, Luna RCP, do Nascimento RAF, de Oliveira Y, Persuhn DC, Sérgio da Silva A, Gonçalves MDCR, Ferreira FELDL, Lima RT, da Silva Diniz A, de Almeida ATC, de Moraes RM, Verly Junior E, Costa MJDC. Influence of the C677T Polymorphism of the MTHFR Gene on Oxidative Stress in Women With Overweight or Obesity: Response to a Dietary Folate Intervention. J Am Coll Nutr 2018; 37:677-684. [PMID: 29702041 DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2018.1460224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The C677T polymorphism of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene (MTHFR) is related to folate metabolism and can alter the levels of biochemical markers.Objective: Investigate the influence of the MTHFR C677T polymorphism on the effects of a dietary folate intervention on oxidative stress in women with overweight or obesity.Methods: Forty-eight adult women with overweight or obesity were subjected to a 24-hour dietary recall, anthropometric measurements, biochemical analysis, and genotyping of the MTHFR C677T polymorphism. They were allocated by convenience sampling to 2 groups, which received 300 g of folate-rich vegetables containing 191 µg/d (Group 1) (n = 24) or 95 µg/d (Group 2) (n = 24) of folate for 8 weeks.Results: The dietary intervention increased the serum folic acid levels in the 2 analyzed groups. The intervention with 191 µg/d of folate led to relevant results in terms of homocysteine levels (p = 0.0005) and total antioxidant capacity (p = 0.0261); the effect was larger among carriers of the TT genotype.Conclusions: The study demonstrated the beneficial effect of folate intake in terms of a TAC elevation for the CC and TT genotypes of the MTHFR C677T polymorphism, an increase in folic acid levels for all genotypes, and a reduction in the Hcy levels for the TT genotype in response to an intervention consisting of an intake of 191 µg/d of folate supplied by vegetables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Ramalho Ribeiro
- Graduate Program in Nutrition Sciences, (Centro de Ciências da Saúde-CCS), Federal University of Paraiba (Universidade Federal da Paraíba-UFPB), João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Raquel Patrícia Ataíde Lima
- Graduate Program in Nutrition Sciences, (Centro de Ciências da Saúde-CCS), Federal University of Paraiba (Universidade Federal da Paraíba-UFPB), João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Vanessa de Carvalho Lisboa
- Graduate Program in Nutrition Sciences, (Centro de Ciências da Saúde-CCS), Federal University of Paraiba (Universidade Federal da Paraíba-UFPB), João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Thamires Ribeiro Chaves
- Graduate Program in Nutrition Sciences, (Centro de Ciências da Saúde-CCS), Federal University of Paraiba (Universidade Federal da Paraíba-UFPB), João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Rafaella Cristhine Pordeus Luna
- Graduate Program in Nutrition Sciences, (Centro de Ciências da Saúde-CCS), Federal University of Paraiba (Universidade Federal da Paraíba-UFPB), João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Rayner Anderson Ferreira do Nascimento
- Graduate Program in Molecular and Human Biology, Center of Exact and Natural Sciences (Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza-CCEN), Federal University of Paraiba (Universidade Federal da Paraíba-UFPB), João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Yohanna de Oliveira
- Graduate Program in Nutrition Sciences, (Centro de Ciências da Saúde-CCS), Federal University of Paraiba (Universidade Federal da Paraíba-UFPB), João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Darlene Camati Persuhn
- Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Paraiba (Universidade Federal da Paraíba-UFPB), João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Sérgio da Silva
- Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Paraiba (Universidade Federal da Paraíba-UFPB), João Pessoa, Brazil
| | | | | | - Roberto Teixeira Lima
- Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Paraiba (Universidade Federal da Paraíba-UFPB), João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Alcides da Silva Diniz
- Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Paraiba (Universidade Federal da Paraíba-UFPB), João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Alessio Tony Cavalcanti de Almeida
- Department of Economics, Center of Applied Social Sciences (Centro de Ciências Sociais Aplicadas-CCSA), Federal University of Paraiba (Universidade Federal da Paraíba-UFPB), João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Ronei Marcos de Moraes
- Graduate Program in Health Decision Models, Center of Exact and Natural Sciences (Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza-CCEN), Federal University of Paraiba (Universidade Federal da Paraíba-UFPB), João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Eliseu Verly Junior
- Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Social Medicine, State University of Rio de Janeiro (Universidade Estadual do Rio de Janeiro-UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Maria José de Carvalho Costa
- Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Paraiba (Universidade Federal da Paraíba-UFPB), João Pessoa, Brazil
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Adler G, Adler MA, Urbańska A, Skonieczna-Żydecka K, Kiseljakovic E, Valjevac A, Parczewski M, Hadzovic-Dzuvo A. Bosnian study of APOE distribution (BOSAD): a comparison with other European populations. Ann Hum Biol 2017; 44:568-573. [PMID: 28705029 DOI: 10.1080/03014460.2017.1346708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The ε2, ε3 and ε4 alleles of APOE gene have been associated with several diseases in different populations. Data on the frequency of alleles are used in both a clinical and evolutionary context. Although the data on frequency of these alleles are numerous, there are no reports for the population of Bosnia and Herzegovina. AIM To estimate the frequency of APOE alleles in a healthy Bosnian population and compare it to data for other European populations. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Overall, 170 unrelated Bosnian subjects (108 female and 62 male), aged 53.0 (±5.0) years were included in this study. Genotypes were determined by real-time PCR. RESULTS In our group the prevalence of heterozygotes E2/E3, E2/E4 and E3/E4 was 20.6%, 3.5% and 12.9%, respectively, while the prevalence of homozygotes E2/E2, E3/E3, E4/E4 was 0.6%, 61.2% and 1.2%, respectively, with a mean frequency of ε2, ε3 and ε4 alleles of 12.6%, 78.0% and 9.4%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS In studied European populations we observed a linear, gradually increasing trend in the frequency of ε4 allele from South to North (Pearson's test 0,7656, p value <0.00001), and the Bosnian population fits into this pattern perfectly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grażyna Adler
- a Department of Gerontobiology , Pomeranian Medical University , Szczecin , Poland
| | | | - Anna Urbańska
- c Department of Infectious, Tropical Diseases , Pomeranian Medical University , Szczecin , Poland
| | | | - Emina Kiseljakovic
- d Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine , University of Sarajevo , Sarajevo , Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Amina Valjevac
- e Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Medicine , University of Sarajevo , Sarajevo , Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Miłosz Parczewski
- c Department of Infectious, Tropical Diseases , Pomeranian Medical University , Szczecin , Poland
| | - Almira Hadzovic-Dzuvo
- e Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Medicine , University of Sarajevo , Sarajevo , Bosnia and Herzegovina
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Franco LP, Gonçalves Zardini Silveira A, Sobral de Assis Vasconcelos Lima R, Horst MA, Cominetti C. APOE genotype associates with food consumption and body composition to predict dyslipidaemia in Brazilian adults with normal-weight obesity syndrome. Clin Nutr 2017; 37:1722-1727. [PMID: 28720344 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2017.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Revised: 03/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIM Normal-Weight Obesity Syndrome has been characterized by a normal body mass index and high percentage of body fat. It is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease development. This study aimed to evaluate whether apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotypes and food consumption are related to the lipid profiles of adults with Normal-Weight Obesity Syndrome. METHODS Analytical cross-sectional study, including adults with Normal-Weight Obesity Syndrome. Socioeconomic, health and lifestyle questionnaires were administered. Anthropometric variables, body composition and blood pressure were evaluated. Dietary intake, lipid profile and genotyping of polymorphisms rs7412 and rs429358 in the APOE gene were evaluated. RESULTS Only 6.0% of women and none of the men had increased waist circumference (≥80 cm for women and ≥94 cm for men). No women and 6.2% of men had altered blood pressure (systolic blood pressure ≥130 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥85 mmHg). When the traditional lipid profile was assessed, 52.5% of individuals presented dyslipidaemia. When the levels of apolipoproteins A1 and B were included, the prevalence was 73.0%. Regression analysis showed a positive relationship between the presence of allele ε2 and apolipoprotein A1 levels (95% CI = 4.2 to 38.3; p = 0.015) and between the ε4 allele and apolipoprotein B (ε4 versus ε2: 95% CI = 0.08 to 29.5; p = 0.049 and ε4 versus ε3: 95% CI = 0.6 to 17.6; p = 0.036). Carriers of the ε2 allele had a 75.0% lower probability of presenting dyslipidaemia compared with ε3ε3 individuals (95% CI = 0.04 to 0.8; p = 0.027). Relationships between body fat, food consumption and lipid profile were observed and differed among genotypes. CONCLUSIONS APOE genotype and food consumption were associated with lipid profile. This was the first study to evaluate the APOE genotype and to analyze relationships between genetic profile, food intake and lipid profile of subjects with Normal-Weight Obesity Syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lana Pacheco Franco
- Nutritional Genomics Research Group, Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Goiás. Rua 227, quadra 68 s/nº - Setor Leste Universitário, Goiânia, Goiás, CEP: 74.605-080, Brazil.
| | - Amanda Gonçalves Zardini Silveira
- Nutritional Genomics Research Group, Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Goiás. Rua 227, quadra 68 s/nº - Setor Leste Universitário, Goiânia, Goiás, CEP: 74.605-080, Brazil.
| | - Rochelle Sobral de Assis Vasconcelos Lima
- Nutritional Genomics Research Group, Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Goiás. Rua 227, quadra 68 s/nº - Setor Leste Universitário, Goiânia, Goiás, CEP: 74.605-080, Brazil.
| | - Maria Aderuza Horst
- Nutritional Genomics Research Group, Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Goiás. Rua 227, quadra 68 s/nº - Setor Leste Universitário, Goiânia, Goiás, CEP: 74.605-080, Brazil.
| | - Cristiane Cominetti
- Nutritional Genomics Research Group, Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Goiás. Rua 227, quadra 68 s/nº - Setor Leste Universitário, Goiânia, Goiás, CEP: 74.605-080, Brazil.
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Bell SP, Liu D, Samuels LR, Saraf AA, Gifford KA, Hohman TJ, Jefferson AL. Late-Life Body Mass Index, Rapid Weight Loss, Apolipoprotein E ε4 and the Risk of Cognitive Decline and Incident Dementia. J Nutr Health Aging 2017; 21:1259-1267. [PMID: 29188888 PMCID: PMC5736008 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-017-0906-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine the effect of late-life body mass index (BMI) and rapid weight loss on incident mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). DESIGN Prospective longitudinal cohort study. SETTING National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center (NACC) Uniform Data Set, including 34 past and current National Institute on Aging-funded AD Centers across the United States. PARTICIPANTS 6940 older adults (n=5061 normal cognition [NC]; n=1879 MCI). MEASUREMENTS BMI (kg/m2) and modified Framingham Stroke Risk Profile (FSRP) score (sex, age, systolic blood pressure, anti-hypertension medication, diabetes mellitus, cigarette smoking, prevalent cardiovascular disease, atrial fibrillation) were assessed at baseline. Cognition and weight were assessed annually. RESULTS Multivariable binary logistic regression, adjusting for age, sex, race, education, length of follow-up, and modified FSRP related late-life BMI to risk of diagnostic conversion from NC to MCI or AD and from MCI to AD. Secondary analyses related late-life BMI to diagnostic conversion in the presence of rapid weight loss (>5% decrease in 12 months) and apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4. During a mean 3.8-year follow-up period, 12% of NC participants converted to MCI or AD and 49% of MCI participants converted to AD. Higher baseline BMI was associated with a reduced probability of diagnostic conversion, such that for each one-unit increase in baseline BMI there was a reduction in diagnostic conversion for both NC (OR=0.977, 95%CI 0.958-0.996, p=0.015) and MCI participants (OR=0.962, 95%CI 0.942-0.983, p<0.001). The protective effect of higher baseline BMI did not persist in the setting of rapid weight loss but did persist when adjusting for APOE ε4. CONCLUSIONS Higher late-life BMI is associated with a lower risk of incident MCI and AD but is not protective in the presence of rapid weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan P. Bell
- Vanderbilt Memory & Alzheimer’s Center, Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
- Center for Quality Aging, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Dandan Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Lauren R. Samuels
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Avantika A. Saraf
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
- Center for Quality Aging, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Katherine A. Gifford
- Vanderbilt Memory & Alzheimer’s Center, Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Timothy J. Hohman
- Vanderbilt Memory & Alzheimer’s Center, Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Angela L. Jefferson
- Vanderbilt Memory & Alzheimer’s Center, Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
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Arbones-Mainar JM, Johnson LA, Torres-Perez E, Garcia AE, Perez-Diaz S, Raber J, Maeda N. Metabolic shifts toward fatty-acid usage and increased thermogenesis are associated with impaired adipogenesis in mice expressing human APOE4. Int J Obes (Lond) 2016; 40:1574-1581. [PMID: 27163745 PMCID: PMC5063049 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2016.93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Revised: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 04/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene encodes for three isoforms in the human population (APOE2, APOE3 and APOE4). Whereas the role of APOE in lipid metabolism is well characterized, the specific metabolic signatures of the APOE isoforms during metabolic disorders, remain unclear. OBJECTIVE To elucidate the molecular underpinnings of APOE-directed metabolic alterations, we tested the hypothesis that APOE4 drives a whole-body metabolic shift toward increased lipid oxidation. METHODS We employed humanized mice in which the Apoe gene has been replaced by the human APOE*3 or APOE*4 allele to produce human APOE3 or APOE4 proteins and characterized several mechanisms of fatty-acid oxidation, lipid storage, substrate utilization and thermogenesis in those mice. RESULTS We show that, whereas APOE4 mice gained less body weight and mass than their APOE3 counterparts on a Western-type diet (P<0.001), they displayed elevated insulin and homeostatic model assessment, markers of insulin resistance (P=0.004 and P=0.025, respectively). APOE4 mice also demonstrated a reduced respiratory quotient during the postprandial period (0.95±0.03 versus 1.06±0.03, P<0.001), indicating increased usage of lipids as opposed to carbohydrates as a fuel source. Finally, APOE4 mice showed increased body temperature (37.30±0.68 versus 36.9±0.58 °C, P=0.039), augmented cold tolerance and more metabolically active brown adipose tissue compared with APOE3 mice. CONCLUSION These data suggest that APOE4 mice may resist weight gain via an APOE4-directed global metabolic shift toward lipid oxidation and enhanced thermogenesis, and may represent a critical first step in the development of APOE-directed therapies for a large percentage of the population affected by disorders with established links to APOE and metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose M. Arbones-Mainar
- Adipocyte and Fat Biology Laboratory (AdipoFat). Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria (IIS) Aragon, Instituto Aragonés de Ciencias de la Salud (IACS), Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Lance A. Johnson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University
| | - Elena Torres-Perez
- Adipocyte and Fat Biology Laboratory (AdipoFat). Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria (IIS) Aragon, Instituto Aragonés de Ciencias de la Salud (IACS), Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
| | - Anna E. Garcia
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Sergio Perez-Diaz
- Adipocyte and Fat Biology Laboratory (AdipoFat). Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria (IIS) Aragon, Instituto Aragonés de Ciencias de la Salud (IACS), Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
| | - Jacob Raber
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University
- Departments of Neurology and Radiation Medicine, Division of Neuroscience, ONPRC, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239, USA
| | - Nobuyo Maeda
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
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Massa NML, Silva AS, de Oliveira CVC, Costa MJC, Persuhn DC, Barbosa CVS, Gonçalves MDCR. Supplementation with Watermelon Extract Reduces Total Cholesterol and LDL Cholesterol in Adults with Dyslipidemia under the Influence of the MTHFR C677T Polymorphism. J Am Coll Nutr 2016; 35:514-520. [DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2015.1065522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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21
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Lückhoff HK, Kidd M, van Rensburg SJ, van Velden DP, Kotze MJ. Apolipoprotein E genotyping and questionnaire-based assessment of lifestyle risk factors in dyslipidemic patients with a family history of Alzheimer's disease: test development for clinical application. Metab Brain Dis 2016; 31:213-24. [PMID: 26481640 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-015-9737-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The cholesterol-raising properties of the apolipoprotein E (APOE) epsilon-4 (ε-4) allele has been validated in the South African population. Mounting evidence supports the added value of APOE genotyping for the evaluation of cardiovascular risk in dyslipidemic patients beyond its established role in the diagnosis of late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD). The aim of this study was to determine the potential benefits of combining AD family history with questionnaire-based lifestyle assessment to facilitate the clinical interpretation of APOE genotyping results. A total of 580 unrelated South African individuals prospectively enrolled in a chronic disease screening program incorporating a genetic component (2010-2015) was selected for inclusion in this study based on the presence (75) or absence (505) of AD family history. Biochemical assessment of their lipid profiles was performed according to standard laboratory protocols. All study participants were genotyped for the APOE ε-2/ε-3/ε-4 alleles using allele-specific TaqMan real-time polymerase chain reaction technology. In patients without a family history of AD, APOE genotype modified the relationship between alcohol intake and body mass index (p = 0.026), with a significant positive correlation noted between these parameters being limited to ε-4 allele carriers. APOE genotype also modified the association between alcohol intake and total serum cholesterol in patients with a positive family history of AD (p = 0.026). We demonstrated the benefits of a questionnaire-based approach for assessment of lifestyle risk factors to facilitate clinical interpretation of APOE genotyping results for targeted intervention in a genetic subgroup of dyslipidemic patients at increased risk for AD.
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Sharifi-Zahabi E, Entezari MH, Maracy MR. Effects of Soy Flour Fortified Bread Consumption on Cardiovascular Risk Factors According to APOE Genotypes in Overweight and Obese Adult Women: A Cross-over Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. Clin Nutr Res 2015; 4:225-34. [PMID: 26566517 PMCID: PMC4641984 DOI: 10.7762/cnr.2015.4.4.225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Revised: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 10/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies suggest that inclusion of soy product in the diet may have favorable effects on relief of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and risk factors. These effects might be associated with the presence of specific polymorphism in gene. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of consumption of soy flour fortified bread on cardiovascular risk factors in overweight and obese women according to APOE genotype. In a randomized cross-over clinical trial 30 overweight and obese women received a mild weight loss diet and assigned to a regular diet and a soy bread diet, each for 6 weeks and a washout period for 20 days. Subjects in the soy bread diet were asked to replace 120 grams of their daily usual bread intake with equal amount of soy bread. No significant effects of soy bread on serum lipid, systolic blood pressure and anthropometric indices were observed compared to the regular diet (p > 0.05). For diastolic blood pressure (DBP), comparison of mean differences between two groups showed a marginally significant effect of soy bread (p = 0.06). Compared to regular diet, soy bread had a significant effect on DBP in E2 genotype group (ε2/ε2) (p = 0.03). Having ε2 allele may influences responses of CVD risk factor to soy bread consumption. However more nutrigenetic studies are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Sharifi-Zahabi
- Food Security Research Center and Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 81746-73461, Iran
| | - Mohammad H Entezari
- Food Security Research Center and Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 81746-73461, Iran
| | - Mohammad R Maracy
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 81746-73461, Iran
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Su L, Gao S, Unverzagt FW, Cheng Y, Hake AM, Xin P, Chen C, Liu J, Ma F, Bian J, Li P, Jin Y. Selenium Level and Dyslipidemia in Rural Elderly Chinese. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0136706. [PMID: 26380972 PMCID: PMC4575098 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0136706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2014] [Accepted: 08/08/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Higher selenium level has been hypothesized to have the potential to reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases including dyslipidemia. However, results from previous studies are inconsistent. This study aims to determine the association between selenium level and dyslipidemia in elderly Chinese with relatively low selenium status. METHODS A cross-sectional study of 1859 participants aged 65 or older from four rural counties in China was conducted. Serum total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDLC) and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDLC), nail selenium concentration and APOE genotype were measured in all subjects. The four types of dyslipidemia were defined as >5.17 mmol/L for High-TC, >1.69 mmol/L for High-TG, >3.36 mmol/L for High-LDLC, and <1.04 mmol/L for Low-HDLC according to Chinese Guidelines on Prevention and Treatment of Dyslipidemia in Adults. Logistic models adjusting for age, gender, APOE genotype, body mass index, alcohol consumption, smoking, physical activity, medication use for cardiovascular diseases were used to examine the relationship between selenium levels and the risk of dyslipidemia. RESULTS Mean nail selenium concentration was 0.465 μg/gin this sample. Rates for High-TC, High-LDLC, High-TG, Low-HDLC were 18.13%, 13.23%, 12.21% and 32.76% respectively. Results from logistic models indicated that higher selenium levels were significantly associated with higher risk of High-TC, High-LDLC and lower risk of Low-HDLC adjusting for covariates (p < 0.0001). Compared with the lowest selenium quartile group, participants in selenium quartile groups 2, 3 and 4 had significantly higher rates of High-TC, High-LDLC, High-TG, and lower rate of Low-HDLC adjusting for covariates. No significant association was observed between selenium level and the risk of High-TG. APOEε4 carriers had higher rates of High-TC and High-LDLC. There was no interaction between selenium level and APOE with the rates of dyslipidemia. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest long-term selenium exposure level may be associated with the risk of dyslipidemia in elderly population. Future studies are needed to examine the underlying mechanism of the association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqin Su
- Department of Environmental Impact Assessment, Institute for Environmental Health and Related Product Safety, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Sujuan Gao
- Department of Biostatistics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Frederick W. Unverzagt
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Yibin Cheng
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute for Environmental Health and Related Product Safety, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Ann M. Hake
- Department of Neurology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Pengju Xin
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute for Environmental Health and Related Product Safety, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute for Environmental Health and Related Product Safety, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Jingyi Liu
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute for Environmental Health and Related Product Safety, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Ma
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute for Environmental Health and Related Product Safety, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Jianchao Bian
- Shandong Institute for Prevention and Treatment of Endemic Disease in China, Jinan, China
| | - Ping Li
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention in China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yinlong Jin
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute for Environmental Health and Related Product Safety, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
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Abdullah MMH, Jones PJH, Eck PK. Nutrigenetics of cholesterol metabolism: observational and dietary intervention studies in the postgenomic era. Nutr Rev 2015; 73:523-43. [PMID: 26117841 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuv016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol metabolism is a well-defined responder to dietary intakes and a classic biomarker of cardiovascular health. For this reason, circulating cholesterol levels have become key in shaping nutritional recommendations by health authorities worldwide for better management of cardiovascular disease, a leading cause of mortality and one of the most costly health problems globally. Data from observational and dietary intervention studies, however, highlight a marked between-individual variability in the response of cholesterol metabolism to similar dietary protocols, a phenomenon linked to genetic heterogeneity. This review summarizes the postgenomic evidence of polymorphisms within cholesterol-associated genes relative to fasting circulating cholesterol levels under diverse nutritional conditions. A number of cholesterol-related gene-diet interactions are confirmed, which may have clinical importance, supporting a deeper look into the rapidly emerging field of nutrigenetics for meaningful conclusions that may eventually lead to genetically targeted dietary recommendations in the era of personalized nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad M H Abdullah
- M.M.H. Abdullah, P.J.H. Jones, and P.K. Eck are with the Department of Human Nutritional Sciences and the Richardson Centre for Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals (RCFFN), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. P.J.H. Jones is with the Department of Food Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Peter J H Jones
- M.M.H. Abdullah, P.J.H. Jones, and P.K. Eck are with the Department of Human Nutritional Sciences and the Richardson Centre for Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals (RCFFN), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. P.J.H. Jones is with the Department of Food Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Peter K Eck
- M.M.H. Abdullah, P.J.H. Jones, and P.K. Eck are with the Department of Human Nutritional Sciences and the Richardson Centre for Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals (RCFFN), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. P.J.H. Jones is with the Department of Food Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
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Rodríguez-Carmona Y, Pérez-Rodríguez M, Gámez-Valdez E, López-Alavez FJ, Hernández-Armenta CI, Vega-Monter N, Leyva-García G, Monge-Cázares T, Barrera Valencia D, Balderas Monroy M, Pfeffer F, Meléndez G, Pérez Lizaur AB, Pardío J, Tejero ME. Association between Apolipoprotein E Variants and Obesity-Related Traits in Mexican School Children. JOURNAL OF NUTRIGENETICS AND NUTRIGENOMICS 2015; 7:243-51. [PMID: 25968937 DOI: 10.1159/000381345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2014] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Genetic variation in apolipoprotein E (ApoE) has a key role in lipid metabolism. However, its contribution to the amount and distribution of body fat is under investigation. The aim of this study was to analyze the association between genetic variation in ApoE and obesity-related traits in Mexican school children. MATERIAL AND METHODS Anthropometric, body composition and physical activity measures were conducted using standard methods in 300 children (177 girls/123 boys) who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. DNA was isolated from saliva. ApoE genotypes were analyzed by allelic discrimination. The association between variation in ApoE and anthropometric and body composition measures was investigated using the General Linear Model. RESULTS The mean±SD values for age, body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) were 9.05±0.80 years, 19.01±3.83 and 67.98±10.97 cm, respectively. Approximately 46% of the participants were overweight or obese. A significant association between ApoE isoforms and WC was found after controlling for age, sex and the percentage of physical activity (p=0.025). Significant main effects were found for vigorous physical activity and light physical activity influencing the adiposity-related BMI (p<0.001) and WC (p=0.044), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Variation in ApoE and physical activity intensity were associated with adiposity-related phenotypes in Mexican school children.
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Cahua-Pablo G, Cruz M, Moral-Hernández OD, Leyva-Vázquez MA, Antúnez-Ortiz DL, Cahua-Pablo JA, Alarcón-Romero LDC, Ortuño-Pineda C, Moreno-Godínez ME, Hernández-Sotelo D, Flores-Alfaro E. Elevated Levels of LDL-C are Associated With ApoE4 but Not With the rs688 Polymorphism in the LDLR Gene. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 2015; 22:465-70. [PMID: 25601895 DOI: 10.1177/1076029614568714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) 4 isoform has been associated with elevated levels of cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and triglycerides (TGs), meanwhile several polymorphisms in the LDL receptor (LDLR) gene have been associated with increased levels of total cholesterol and LDL-C. MATERIAL AND METHODS We studied 400 women from Southwest Mexico. Anthropometric features and biochemical profile were evaluated, and genotyping of single nucleotide polymorphisms rs429358 and rs7412 in the APOE gene and rs688 in the LDLR gene was determined by TaqMan assays. RESULTS We found significant association between LDL-C (odds ratio [OR] = 3.3, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.9-5.7) and marginal association with TG (OR = 1.7, 95% CI: 1.0-2.9) of atherogenic risk in women carriers of the ApoE4 isoform compared to ApoE3. The TT genotype of rs688 in the LDLR gene was not found to be associated with elevated levels of total cholesterol or LDL-C. CONCLUSION Our results show that carrier women of the ApoE4 isoform are more likely to have elevated levels of LDL-C and therefore increased risk of developing atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Cahua-Pablo
- Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology Laboratory, UA of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Guerrero, Mexico
| | - Miguel Cruz
- Biochemistry Medical Research Unit, Specialties Hospital, Medical Center Century XXI, Mexican Institute of Social Security, México, Distrito Federal
| | - Oscar Del Moral-Hernández
- Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine, UA of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Guerrero, Mexico
| | - Marco A Leyva-Vázquez
- Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine, UA of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Guerrero, Mexico
| | - Diana L Antúnez-Ortiz
- Biochemistry Medical Research Unit, Specialties Hospital, Medical Center Century XXI, Mexican Institute of Social Security, México, Distrito Federal
| | - José A Cahua-Pablo
- Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology Laboratory, UA of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Guerrero, Mexico
| | - Luz Del Carmen Alarcón-Romero
- Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology Laboratory, UA of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Guerrero, Mexico Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine, UA of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Guerrero, Mexico
| | - Carlos Ortuño-Pineda
- Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology Laboratory, UA of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Guerrero, Mexico
| | - Ma Elena Moreno-Godínez
- Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology Laboratory, UA of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Guerrero, Mexico
| | - Daniel Hernández-Sotelo
- Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine, UA of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Guerrero, Mexico
| | - Eugenia Flores-Alfaro
- Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology Laboratory, UA of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Guerrero, Mexico
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Gao H, Tian Y, Meng H, Hou J, Xu L, Zhang L, Shi D, Lu R, Feng X, Wang X, Chen Z. Associations of apolipoprotein E and low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 polymorphisms with dyslipidemia and generalized aggressive periodontitis in a Chinese population. J Periodontal Res 2014; 50:509-18. [PMID: 25329009 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H. Gao
- Department of Periodontology; Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology; Beijing China
| | - Y. Tian
- Department of Periodontology; Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology; Beijing China
| | - H. Meng
- Department of Periodontology; Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology; Beijing China
| | - J. Hou
- Department of Periodontology; Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology; Beijing China
| | - L. Xu
- Department of Periodontology; Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology; Beijing China
| | - L. Zhang
- Department of Periodontology; Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology; Beijing China
| | - D. Shi
- Department of Periodontology; Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology; Beijing China
| | - R. Lu
- Department of Periodontology; Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology; Beijing China
| | - X. Feng
- Department of Periodontology; Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology; Beijing China
| | - X. Wang
- Department of Periodontology; Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology; Beijing China
| | - Z. Chen
- Department of Periodontology; Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology; Beijing China
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Tejedor MT, Garcia-Sobreviela MP, Ledesma M, Arbones-Mainar JM. The apolipoprotein E polymorphism rs7412 associates with body fatness independently of plasma lipids in middle aged men. PLoS One 2014; 9:e108605. [PMID: 25268647 PMCID: PMC4182517 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0108605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Accepted: 08/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene is polymorphic, encoding one of 3 common alleles (ε2, ε3, ε4) produced from combinations of 2 non-synonymous SNPs (rs429358 and rs7412). APOE plays an important role controlling plasma lipids but its association with adipocyte functionality and body fatness remains to be determined. METHODS We analyzed fasting plasma lipids and genotyped the two main APOE-SNPs (rs429358 and rs7412), both located in the fourth exon of the APOE, in 4660 Caucasian middle-aged men free of cardiovascular disease. RESULTS The rs7412 SNP, which determines the APOE2 isoform, was significantly associated with Body Mass Index (BMI) and Waist Girth (WG) in a multivariate model accounting for age, smoking status and plasma lipids. BMI and WG were highest in TT homozygotes and lowest in CC homozygotes. This effect was independent of the rs429358 SNP, which failed to show any association with the BMI and WG variables. The odds ratio of being obese (BMI>30) for individuals carrying the APOε2 allele, present in 14% of the cohort and defined by the rs7412 SNP, was also significant in this multivariate model, with an OR of 1.27 (95% CI: 1.01-1.59). CONCLUSIONS This study provides an evidence of a lipid-independent association between the APOE SNP rs7412 and body fatness surrogates, BMI and WG, in a large cohort of middle-aged males.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Teresa Tejedor
- Departamento de Anatomía, Embriología y Genética, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Maria Pilar Garcia-Sobreviela
- Adipocyte and Fat Biology Laboratory (AdipoFat), Unidad de Investigación Traslacional, Instituto Aragonés de Ciencias de la Salud (IACS), Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Marta Ledesma
- Unidad de Prevención Cardiovascular, Instituto Aragonés de Ciencias de la Salud (IACS), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Jose M. Arbones-Mainar
- Adipocyte and Fat Biology Laboratory (AdipoFat), Unidad de Investigación Traslacional, Instituto Aragonés de Ciencias de la Salud (IACS), Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail:
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Hinney A, Albayrak O, Antel J, Volckmar AL, Sims R, Chapman J, Harold D, Gerrish A, Heid IM, Winkler TW, Scherag A, Wiltfang J, Williams J, Hebebrand J. Genetic variation at the CELF1 (CUGBP, elav-like family member 1 gene) locus is genome-wide associated with Alzheimer's disease and obesity. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2014; 165B:283-93. [PMID: 24788522 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.32234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2014] [Accepted: 04/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Deviations from normal body weight are observed prior to and after the onset of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Midlife obesity confers increased AD risk in later life, whereas late-life obesity is associated with decreased AD risk. The role of underweight and weight loss for AD risk is controversial. Based on the hypothesis of shared genetic variants for both obesity and AD, we analyzed the variants identified for AD or obesity from genome-wide association meta-analyses of the GERAD (AD, cases = 6,688, controls = 13,685) and GIANT (body mass index [BMI] as measure of obesity, n = 123,865) consortia. Our cross-disorder analysis of genome-wide significant 39 obesity SNPs and 23 AD SNPs in these two large data sets revealed that: (1) The AD SNP rs10838725 (pAD = 1.1 × 10(-08)) at the locus CELF1 is also genome-wide significant for obesity (pBMI = 7.35 × 10(-09) ). (2) Four additional AD risk SNPs were nominally associated with obesity (rs17125944 at FERMT2, pBMI = 4.03 × 10(-05), pBMI corr = 2.50 × 10(-03) ; rs3851179 at PICALM; pBMI = 0.002, rs2075650 at TOMM40/APOE, pBMI = 0.024, rs3865444 at CD33, pBMI = 0.024). (3) SNPs at two of the obesity risk loci (rs4836133 downstream of ZNF608; pAD = 0.002 and at rs713586 downstream of RBJ/DNAJC27; pAD = 0.018) were nominally associated with AD risk. Additionally, among the SNPs used for confirmation in both studies the AD risk allele of rs1858973, with an AD association just below genome-wide significance (pAD = 7.20 × 10(-07)), was also associated with obesity (SNP at IQCK/GPRC5B; pBMI = 5.21 × 10(-06) ; pcorr = 3.24 × 10(-04)). Our first GWAS based cross-disorder analysis for AD and obesity suggests that rs10838725 at the locus CELF1 might be relevant for both disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anke Hinney
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, Universitätsklinikum Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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Boulenouar H, Mediene Benchekor S, Meroufel DN, Lardjam Hetraf SA, Ouhaibi Djellouli H, Hermant X, Grenier-Boley B, Hamani Medjaoui I, Saidi Mehtar N, Amouyel P, Houti L, Meirhaeghe A, Goumidi L. Impact of APOE gene polymorphisms on the lipid profile in an Algerian population. Lipids Health Dis 2013; 12:155. [PMID: 24160669 PMCID: PMC4231468 DOI: 10.1186/1476-511x-12-155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2013] [Accepted: 10/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The importance of apolipoprotein E (APOE) in lipid and lipoprotein metabolism is well established. However, the impact of APOE polymorphisms has never been investigated in an Algerian population. This study assessed, for the fist time, the relationships between three APOE polymorphisms (epsilon, rs439401, rs4420638) and plasma lipid concentrations in a general population sample from Algeria. Methods The association analysis was performed in the ISOR study, a representative sample of the population living in Oran (787 subjects aged between 30 and 64). Polymorphisms were considered both individually and as haplotypes. Results In the ISOR sample, APOE ϵ4 allele carriers had higher plasma triglyceride (p=0.0002), total cholesterol (p=0.009) and LDL-cholesterol (p=0.003) levels than ϵ3 allele carriers. No significant associations were detected for the rs4420638 and rs439401 SNPs. Linkage disequilibrium and haplotype analyses confirmed the respectively deleterious and protective impacts of the ϵ4 and ϵ2 alleles on LDL-cholesterol levels and showed that the G allele of the rs4420638 polymorphism may exert a protective effect on LDL-cholesterol levels in subjects bearing the APOE epsilon 4 allele. Conclusion Our results showed that (i) the APOE epsilon polymorphism has the expected impact on the plasma lipid profile and (ii) the rs4420638 G allele may counterbalance the deleterious effect of the ϵ4 allele on LDL-cholesterol levels in an Algerian population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Louisa Goumidi
- INSERM, U744; Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université Lille Nord de France, Lille, France.
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Pollin TI, Quartuccio M. What We Know About Diet, Genes, and Dyslipidemia: Is There Potential for Translation? Curr Nutr Rep 2013; 2:236-242. [PMID: 24524012 DOI: 10.1007/s13668-013-0065-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease, particularly coronary artery disease (CAD), is the leading cause of death in the United States. Dyslipidemia, including elevated low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and triglyceride (TG) levels and low high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), is a well-established risk factor for CAD and is influenced by both genetic and lifestyle factors, including the diet and dietary fat in particular. Major strides in elucidating the genetic basis for dyslipidemia have been made in recent years, and the quest to clarify how genetic differences influence lipid response to dietary intervention continues. Some monogenic conditions such as famililal hypercholesterolemia and sitosterolemia already have customized dietary recommendations. Some promising associations have emerged for more polygenic dyslipidemia, but further studies are needed in large dietary intervention studies capturing increasing amounts of explainable genetic variation before recommendations can be made for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toni I Pollin
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland ; Program in Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Michael Quartuccio
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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Zhang Z, Mu J, Li J, Li W, Song J. Aberrant apolipoprotein E expression and cognitive dysfunction in patients with poststroke depression. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2012; 17:47-51. [PMID: 23171142 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2012.0253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) is associated with some diseases with cognitive function defect. AIMS The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of ApoE on poststroke depression (PSD) risk and to define objective markers for diagnosis. METHODS The cognitive function, serum ApoE, and peripheral mononuclear blood cell ApoE mRNA expression of patients with PSD were compared to age-matched control patients with stroke and healthy volunteers. Sixty-seven patients with stroke were selected according to the cerebral infarction diagnosis standard of the Fourth National Cerebrovascular Disease Conference and divided into a PSD group (28 patients, 43-76 years old) or a control stroke group (39 patients, 43-78 years old) using the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression, and compared to 40 healthy volunteers (42-78 years old). Cognitive function was evaluated by analysis of event-related potentials (ERPs), while expression of ApoE mRNA was determined by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and serum ApoE by ELISA. RESULTS The latencies of ERP components N2 and P3 were prolonged, and the P3 amplitude was lower in the PSD group compared to the control stroke group and healthy controls (p<0.01). There were no significant group differences in N1 and P2 latencies (all p>0.05). The latency of N2 was positively correlated to the P3 latency in the PSD group (p<0.05). No associations were detected between P3 amplitude, expression of ApoE mRNA, and serum ApoE in the PSD group (all p>0.05). The ERP results indicated that patients with PSD were significantly slower at identifying a target stimulus, suggesting deficits in perception and/or cognitive processing. Peripheral expression of ApoE mRNA was lower in the PSD group than the control stroke group (p<0.701) while serum ApoE was higher than in the control stroke group (p<0.05), possibly reflecting a feedback reduction in expression. CONCLUSION We suggest that aberrant serum ApoE together with abnormalities in some ERP components may be useful markers for assessment of PSD risk and clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohui Zhang
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
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