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Sukee T, Koehler AV, Webster BL, Gauci CG, Fogarty CE, Ponder WF, Gasser RB, Young ND. Mitochondrial genome of the fluke pond snail, Austropeplea cf. brazieri (Gastropoda: Lymnaeidae). Parasit Vectors 2024; 17:283. [PMID: 38956636 PMCID: PMC11218368 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-024-06358-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lymnaeid snails of the genus Austropeplea are an important vector of the liver fluke (Fasciola hepatica), contributing to livestock production losses in Australia and New Zealand. However, the species status within Austropeplea is ambiguous due to heavy reliance on morphological analysis and a relative lack of genetic data. This study aimed to characterise the mitochondrial genome of A. cf. brazieri, an intermediate host of liver fluke in eastern Victoria. METHODS The mitochondrial genome was assembled and annotated from a combination of second- and third-generation sequencing data. For comparative purposes, we performed phylogenetic analyses of the concatenated nucleotide sequences of the mitochondrial protein-coding genes, cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 and 16S genes. RESULTS The assembled mt genome was 13,757 base pairs and comprised 37 genes, including 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA genes and 2 ribosomal RNA genes. The mt genome length, gene order and nucleotide compositions were similar to related species of lymnaeids. Phylogenetic analyses of the mt nucleotide sequences placed A. cf. brazieri within the same clade as Orientogalba ollula with strong statistical supports. Phylogenies of the cox1 and 16S mt sequences were constructed due to the wide availability of these sequences representing the lymnaeid taxa. As expected in both these phylogenies, A. cf. brazieri clustered with other Austropeplea sequences, but the nodal supports were low. CONCLUSIONS The representative mt genome of A. cf. brazieri should provide a useful resource for future molecular, epidemiology and parasitological studies of this socio-economically important lymnaeid species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanapan Sukee
- Melbourne Veterinary School, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Anson V Koehler
- Melbourne Veterinary School, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Charles G Gauci
- Melbourne Veterinary School, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Conor E Fogarty
- Melbourne Veterinary School, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Robin B Gasser
- Melbourne Veterinary School, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Neil D Young
- Melbourne Veterinary School, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
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Lan Z, Yu J, Zhang X, Zhang A, Deng R, Li B, Lv Q, Ma X, Gao J, Wang C. Prevalence and Risk Factors of Ovine and Caprine Fasciolosis in the Last 20 Years in China: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13101687. [PMID: 37238117 DOI: 10.3390/ani13101687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Fasciolosis is a significant zoonotic and common parasitic disease for animals and humans, creating public health concerns worldwide. This study retrieved articles related to the occurrence of Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica in sheep and goats in China by searching five databases: PubMed, ScienceDirect, the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Data, and the VIP Chinese Journal Database. A total of 60 valid articles were captured. The pooled prevalence of ovine and caprine fasciolosis was 26.00%. It was also found to be higher in the subgroups of Northwest China and Shaanxi Province, as well as in areas with a high altitude, rainfall of ≥800 mm, and temperature ranging between 10 °C and 20 °C. Analysis of the type of season and sampling years showed significant (p < 0.05) difference. In other subgroups, sheep (34.74%), hosts aged over 2 years (32.26%), females (48.33%) and free-range animals (26.83%) showed a higher disease prevalence. These results indicated that ovine and caprine fasciolosis was widely distributed, especially in Northwest China. The sampling years and the type of season are risk factors for the prevalence of ovine and caprine fasciolosis. Therefore, strategies for ovine and caprine fasciolosis control should be developed based on these epidemic risk factors, which will reduce the prevalence of fasciolosis in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Lan
- Key Laboratory of Bovine Disease Control in Northeast China, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Jian Yu
- Nehe Animal Husbandry Technology Promotion Center, Nehe 161300, China
| | - Xinhui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bovine Disease Control in Northeast China, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Aihui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bovine Disease Control in Northeast China, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Ruipeng Deng
- Key Laboratory of Bovine Disease Control in Northeast China, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Ben Li
- Key Laboratory of Bovine Disease Control in Northeast China, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Qingbo Lv
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Ministry of Education, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Ma
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Ministry of Education, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Junfeng Gao
- Key Laboratory of Bovine Disease Control in Northeast China, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Chunren Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bovine Disease Control in Northeast China, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair, Daqing 163319, China
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3
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Gendron EM, Sevigny JL, Byiringiro I, Thomas WK, Powers TO, Porazinska DL. Nematode mitochondrial metagenomics: A new tool for biodiversity analysis. Mol Ecol Resour 2023. [PMID: 36727264 DOI: 10.1111/1755-0998.13761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
DNA barcoding approaches have greatly increased our understanding of biodiversity on the planet, and metabarcoding is widely used for classifying members of the phylum Nematoda. However, loci typically utilized in metabarcoding studies are often unable to resolve closely related species or are unable to recover all taxa present in a sample due to inadequate PCR primer binding. Mitochondrial metagenomics (mtMG) is an alternative approach utilizing shotgun sequencing of total DNA to recover the mitochondrial genomes of all species present in samples. However, this approach requires a comprehensive reference database for identification and currently available mitochondrial sequences for nematodes are highly dominated by sequences from the order Rhabditida, and excludes many clades entirely. Here, we analysed the efficacy of mtMG for the recovery of nematode taxa and the generation of mitochondrial genomes. We first developed a curated reference database of nematode mitochondrial sequences and expanded it with 40 newly sequenced taxa. We then tested the mito-metagenomics approach using a series of nematode mock communities consisting of morphologically identified nematode species representing various feeding traits, life stages, and phylogenetic relationships. We were able to identify all but two species through the de novo assembly of COX1 genes. We were also able to recover additional mitochondrial protein coding genes (PCGs) for 23 of the 24 detected species including a full array of 12 PCGs from five of the species. We conclude that mtMG offers a potential for the effective recovery of nematode biodiversity but remains limited by the breadth of the reference database.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eli M Gendron
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Joseph L Sevigny
- Molecular, Cellular, and Biomedical Sciences, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire, USA.,Hubbard Center for Genome Studies, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Innocent Byiringiro
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
| | - W Kelley Thomas
- Molecular, Cellular, and Biomedical Sciences, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire, USA.,Hubbard Center for Genome Studies, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Thomas O Powers
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
| | - Dorota L Porazinska
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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Mas-Coma S, Valero MA, Bargues MD. Human and Animal Fascioliasis: Origins and Worldwide Evolving Scenario. Clin Microbiol Rev 2022; 35:e0008819. [PMID: 36468877 PMCID: PMC9769525 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00088-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Fascioliasis is a plant- and waterborne zoonotic parasitic disease caused by two trematode species: (i) Fasciola hepatica in Europe, Asia, Africa, the Americas, and Oceania and (ii) F. gigantica, which is restricted to Africa and Asia. Fasciolid liver flukes infect mainly herbivores as ruminants, equids, and camelids but also omnivore mammals as humans and swine and are transmitted by freshwater Lymnaeidae snail vectors. Two phases may be distinguished in fasciolid evolution. The long predomestication period includes the F. gigantica origin in east-southern Africa around the mid-Miocene, the F. hepatica origin in the Near-Middle East of Asia around the latest Miocene to Early Pliocene, and their subsequent local spread. The short postdomestication period includes the worldwide spread by human-guided movements of animals in the last 12,000 years and the more recent transoceanic anthropogenic introductions of F. hepatica into the Americas and Oceania and of F. gigantica into several large islands of the Pacific with ships transporting livestock in the last 500 years. The routes and chronology of the spreading waves followed by both fasciolids into the five continents are redefined on the basis of recently generated knowledge of human-guided movements of domesticated hosts. No local, zonal, or regional situation showing disagreement with historical records was found, although in a few world zones the available knowledge is still insufficient. The anthropogenically accelerated evolution of fasciolids allows us to call them "peridomestic endoparasites." The multidisciplinary implications for crucial aspects of the disease should therefore lead the present baseline update to be taken into account in future research studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Mas-Coma
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos IIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - M. Adela Valero
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos IIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - M. Dolores Bargues
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos IIII, Madrid, Spain
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A relatively high zoonotic trematode prevalence in Orientogalba ollula and the developmental characteristics of isolated trematodes by experimental infection in the animal model. Infect Dis Poverty 2022; 11:91. [PMID: 35986411 PMCID: PMC9389801 DOI: 10.1186/s40249-022-01014-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Food-borne parasitic diseases decrease food safety and threaten public health. The snail species is an intermediate host for numerous human parasitic trematodes. Orientogalba ollula has been reported as intermediate hosts of many zoonotic trematodes. Here, we investigated the prevalence of zoonotic trematodes within O. ollula in Guangxi, China, and assessed their zoonotic potential. Methods Snails were collected from 54 sites in 9 cities throughout Guangxi. The snail and trematode larvae species were determined by combining morphological characteristics and molecular markers. The trematodes prevalence and constituent ratio were calculated and compared among different habitat environments. Phylogenetic trees of the trematode species were constructed using the neighbor-joining method with nuclear internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) sequences. The developmental cycles of the isolated trematodes were examined by experimental infection in ducks. The developmental characteristics of Echinostoma revolutum was recorded by dissecting infected ducklings from 1-day post infection (dpi) to 10 dpi. Results The overall prevalence of trematode larvae was 22.1% (1818/8238) in O. ollula from 11 sample sites. Morphological together with molecular identification, showed that E. revolutum, Australapatemon sp., Hypoderaeum conoideum, Pharyngostomum cordatum, and Echinostoma sp. parasitized O. ollula, with the highest infection rate of E. revolutum (13.0%). However, no Fasciola larvae were detected. The trematodes prevalence and constituent ratio varied in two sub-biotypes (P < 0.01). A neighbor-joining tree analysis of ITS2 sequences resulted in distinct monophyletic clades supported by sequences from isolated larvae with high bootstrap values. Ducklings exposed to O. ollula infected with Echinostoma sp., E. revolutum, and H. conoideum larvae were successfully infected. The animal model for Echinostoma revolutum was successfully established. E. revolutum matured from larvae to adult at 10 dpi in the intestine of the duck, and the developmental characteristics of E. revolutum were characterized by the maturation of the reproductive and digestive organs at 6–8 dpi. Conclusions This study revealed a high prevalence of zoonotic trematodes in O. ollula from Guangxi, China. Existing trematodes infection in animals and human clinical cases, coupled with the wide geographical distribution of O. ollula, necessitate further evaluations of the potential risk of spillover of zoonotic infection from animal to human and vice versa. Graphical Abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40249-022-01014-7.
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Pan M, Bai SY, Ji TK, Fan YM, Liu DD, Yang Y, Tao JP, Huang SY. Epidemiology of Fasciola spp. in the intermediate host in China: A potential risk for fasciolosis transmission. Acta Trop 2022; 230:106394. [PMID: 35278366 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2022.106394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Fasciolosis is a zoonotic disease as 600 million animals have been infected, and 180 million people are at risk of the infection in the world. Snail as the intermediate host of Fasciola is an essential and important factor in the transmission of fasciolosis, while its potential risk for transmission has not been studied. In this study, 3561 snails collected from large-scale regions of China were examined by nest-PCR method. A total of 345 snails were positive for Fasciola spp., with an overall prevalence of 9.7%. Prevalence in central and southern China, characterized by a subtropical monsoon climate, was relatively low (8.0%), while a high infection rate (36.9%) was found on the plateau area (altitude > 500 m). In combination with previous findings, the study showed a highly positive correlation between snails and animal infection in central and eastern China, thus indicating that infected snails could be an indispensable risk factor for fasciolosis transmission. Epidemiological surveillance of snails will help assess the risk of fasciolosis in humans or ruminants, which promotes future prevention of this zoonotic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Pan
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, and Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225009, PR China
| | - Shao-Yuan Bai
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, and Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225009, PR China
| | - Tian-Kai Ji
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, and Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225009, PR China
| | - Yi-Min Fan
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, and Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225009, PR China
| | - Dan-Dan Liu
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, and Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225009, PR China
| | - Yi Yang
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, and Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225009, PR China
| | - Jian-Ping Tao
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, and Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225009, PR China
| | - Si-Yang Huang
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, and Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, PR China.
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7
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Guzmán LB, Vogler RE, Beltramino AA. The mitochondrial genome of the semi-slug Omalonyx unguis (Gastropoda: Succineidae) and the phylogenetic relationships within Stylommatophora. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0253724. [PMID: 34170937 PMCID: PMC8232460 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0253724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Here we report the first complete mitochondrial genome of the semi-slug Omalonyx unguis (d’Orbigny, 1836) (Gastropoda: Succineidae). Sequencing was performed on a specimen from Argentina. Assembly was performed using Sanger data and Illumina next generation sequencing (NGS). The mitogenome was 13,984 bp in length and encoded the 37 typical Metazoan genes. A potential origin for mitochondrial DNA replication was found in a non-coding intergenic spacer (49 bp) located between cox3 and tRNA-Ile genes, and its secondary structure was characterized. Secondary structure models of the tRNA genes of O. unguis largely agreed with those proposed for other mollusks. Secondary structure models for the two rRNA genes were also obtained. To our knowledge, the 12S-rRNA model derived here is the first complete one available for mollusks. Phylogenetic analyses based on the mitogenomes of O. unguis and 37 other species of Stylommatophora were performed using amino acid sequences from the 13 protein-coding genes. Our results located Succineoidea as a sister group of Helicoidea + Urocoptoidea, similar to previous studies based on mitochondrial genomes. The gene arrangement of O. unguis was identical to that reported for another species of Succineoidea. The unique rearrangements observed for this group within Stylommatophora, may constitute synapomorphies for the superfamily.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Belén Guzmán
- Grupo de Investigación en Genética de Moluscos (GIGeMol), Instituto de Biología Subtropical (IBS), CONICET–UNaM, Posadas, Misiones, Argentina
- * E-mail: (LBG); (AAB)
| | - Roberto Eugenio Vogler
- Grupo de Investigación en Genética de Moluscos (GIGeMol), Instituto de Biología Subtropical (IBS), CONICET–UNaM, Posadas, Misiones, Argentina
| | - Ariel Aníbal Beltramino
- Grupo de Investigación en Genética de Moluscos (GIGeMol), Instituto de Biología Subtropical (IBS), CONICET–UNaM, Posadas, Misiones, Argentina
- * E-mail: (LBG); (AAB)
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Doğan Ö, Schrödl M, Chen Z. The complete mitogenome of Arion vulgaris Moquin-Tandon, 1855 (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora): mitochondrial genome architecture, evolution and phylogenetic considerations within Stylommatophora. PeerJ 2020; 8:e8603. [PMID: 32117634 PMCID: PMC7039129 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.8603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Stylommatophora is one of the most speciose orders of Gastropoda, including terrestrial snails and slugs, some of which are economically important as human food, agricultural pests, vectors of parasites or due to invasiveness. Despite their great diversity and relevance, the internal phylogeny of Stylommatophora has been debated. To date, only 34 stylommatophoran mitogenomes were sequenced. Here, the complete mitogenome of an invasive pest slug, Arion vulgaris Moquin-Tandon, 1855 (Stylommatophora: Arionidae), was sequenced using next generation sequencing, analysed and compared with other stylommatophorans. The mitogenome of A. vulgaris measures 14,547 bp and contains 13 protein-coding, two rRNA, 22 tRNA genes, and one control region, with an A + T content of 70.20%. All protein coding genes (PCGs) are initiated with ATN codons except for COX1, ND5 and ATP8 and all are ended with TAR or T-stop codons. All tRNAs were folded into a clover-leaf secondary structure except for trnC and trnS1 (AGN). Phylogenetic analyses confirmed the position of A. vulgaris within the superfamily Arionoidea, recovered a sister group relationship between Arionoidea and Orthalicoidea, and supported monophyly of all currently recognized superfamilies within Stylommatophora except for the superfamily Helicoidea. Initial diversification time of the Stylommatophora was estimated as 138.55 million years ago corresponding to Early Cretaceous. The divergence time of A. vulgaris and Arion rufus (Linnaeus, 1758) was estimated as 15.24 million years ago corresponding to one of Earth's most recent, global warming events, the Mid-Miocene Climatic Optimum. Furthermore, selection analyses were performed to investigate the role of different selective forces shaping stylommatophoran mitogenomes. Although purifying selection is the predominant selective force shaping stylommatophoran mitogenomes, six genes (ATP8, COX1, COX3, ND3, ND4 and ND6) detected by the branch-specific aBSREL approach and three genes (ATP8, CYTB and ND4L) detected by codon-based BEB, FUBAR and MEME approaches were exposed to diversifying selection. The positively selected substitutions at the mitochondrial PCGs of stylommatophoran species seems to be adaptive to environmental conditions and affecting mitochondrial ATP production or protection from reactive oxygen species effects. Comparative analysis of stylommatophoran mitogenome rearrangements using MLGO revealed conservatism in Stylommatophora; exceptions refer to potential apomorphies for several clades including rearranged orders of trnW-trnY and of trnE-trnQ-rrnS-trnM-trnL2-ATP8-trnN-ATP6-trnR clusters for the genus Arion. Generally, tRNA genes tend to be rearranged and tandem duplication random loss, transitions and inversions are the most basic mechanisms shaping stylommatophoran mitogenomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Özgül Doğan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
- SNSB-Bavarian State Collection of Zoology, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Schrödl
- SNSB-Bavarian State Collection of Zoology, Munich, Germany
- Department Biology II, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
- GeoBio-Center LMU, Munich, Germany
| | - Zeyuan Chen
- SNSB-Bavarian State Collection of Zoology, Munich, Germany
- Department Biology II, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
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Ohari Y, Hayashi K, Mohanta UK, Oshida T, Itagaki T. Phylogenetic relationships between Lymnaeidae in relation to infection withFasciolasp. in Hokkaido, Japan. MOLLUSCAN RESEARCH 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/13235818.2020.1716497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuma Ohari
- Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University Morioka, Japan
- Department of Pathogenetic Veterinary Science, United Graduate School of Veterinary 13 Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Kei Hayashi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University Morioka, Japan
- Department of Pathogenetic Veterinary Science, United Graduate School of Veterinary 13 Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Uday Kumar Mohanta
- Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University Morioka, Japan
- Department of Pathogenetic Veterinary Science, United Graduate School of Veterinary 13 Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Oshida
- Laboratory of Wildlife Biology, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Japan
| | - Tadashi Itagaki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University Morioka, Japan
- Department of Pathogenetic Veterinary Science, United Graduate School of Veterinary 13 Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
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10
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Qin DM, Huang XC, Yang LM, Liu XJ, Wu RW, Ouyang S, Wu XP, Wang SH. Complete mitochondrial genome of the radicine pond snail Radix plicatula (Gastropoda: Lymnaeidae). MITOCHONDRIAL DNA PART B-RESOURCES 2019; 4:2861-2862. [PMID: 33365763 PMCID: PMC7706513 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2019.1661300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Radix plicatula is broadly distributed in China, as well as Russia. It is one of the intermediate hosts of Fasciola species which leads to the spread of fascioliasis. Here, we first described the complete mitochondrial genome of R. plicatula. The mitogenome is 13,751 bp in length, containing 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, and 2 rRNA genes. The contents of each base are 30.7% A, 39.6% T, 15.7% G, and 13.9% C. The sequence is AT rich (70.3%). Mitochondrial phylogenomic analysis showed that R. plicatula is close to R. auricularia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Mei Qin
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Chen Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Min Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiong-Jun Liu
- Poyang Lake Key Laboratory of Environment and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui-Wen Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan Ouyang
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Ping Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China.,Poyang Lake Key Laboratory of Environment and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China.,School of Resource, Environment and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Shang-Hong Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
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Yang H, Zhang JE, Xia J, Yang J, Guo J, Deng Z, Luo M. Comparative Characterization of the Complete Mitochondrial Genomes of the Three Apple Snails (Gastropoda: Ampullariidae) and the Phylogenetic Analyses. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E3646. [PMID: 30463257 PMCID: PMC6274680 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The apple snails Pomacea canaliculata, Pomacea diffusa and Pomacea maculate (Gastropoda: Caenogastropoda: Ampullariidae) are invasive pests causing massive economic losses and ecological damage. We sequenced and characterized the complete mitochondrial genomes of these snails to conduct phylogenetic analyses based on comparisons with the mitochondrial protein coding sequences of 47 Caenogastropoda species. The gene arrangements, distribution and content were canonically identical and consistent with typical Mollusca except for the tRNA-Gln absent in P. diffusa. An identifiable control region (d-loop) was absent. Bayesian phylogenetic analysis indicated that all the Ampullariidae species clustered on the same branch. The genus Pomacea clustered together and then with the genus Marisa. The orders Architaenioglossa and Sorbeoconcha clustered together and then with the order Hypsogastropoda. Furthermore, the intergenic and interspecific taxonomic positions were defined. Unexpectedly, Ceraesignum maximum, Dendropoma gregarium, Eualetes tulipa and Thylacodes squamigerus, traditionally classified in order Hypsogastropoda, were isolated from the order Hypsogastropoda in the most external branch of the Bayesian inference tree. The divergence times of the Caenogastropoda indicated that their evolutionary process covered four geological epochs that included the Quaternary, Neogene, Paleogene and Cretaceous periods. This study will facilitate further investigation of species identification to aid in the implementation of effective management and control strategies of these invasive species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huirong Yang
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, China.
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA.
| | - Jia-En Zhang
- Institute of Tropical and Subtropical Ecology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Jun Xia
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA.
- Xinjiang Acadamy of Animal Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine (Research Center of Animal Clinical), Urumqi 830000, China.
| | - Jinzeng Yang
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA.
| | - Jing Guo
- Institute of Tropical and Subtropical Ecology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Modern Eco-Agriculture and Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Zhixin Deng
- Institute of Tropical and Subtropical Ecology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Modern Eco-Agriculture and Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Mingzhu Luo
- Institute of Tropical and Subtropical Ecology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Modern Eco-Agriculture and Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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12
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Lu XT, Gu QY, Limpanont Y, Song LG, Wu ZD, Okanurak K, Lv ZY. Snail-borne parasitic diseases: an update on global epidemiological distribution, transmission interruption and control methods. Infect Dis Poverty 2018; 7:28. [PMID: 29628017 PMCID: PMC5890347 DOI: 10.1186/s40249-018-0414-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Snail-borne parasitic diseases, such as angiostrongyliasis, clonorchiasis, fascioliasis, fasciolopsiasis, opisthorchiasis, paragonimiasis and schistosomiasis, pose risks to human health and cause major socioeconomic problems in many tropical and sub-tropical countries. In this review we summarize the core roles of snails in the life cycles of the parasites they host, their clinical manifestations and disease distributions, as well as snail control methods. Main body Snails have four roles in the life cycles of the parasites they host: as an intermediate host infected by the first-stage larvae, as the only intermediate host infected by miracidia, as the first intermediate host that ingests the parasite eggs are ingested, and as the first intermediate host penetrated by miracidia with or without the second intermediate host being an aquatic animal. Snail-borne parasitic diseases target many organs, such as the lungs, liver, biliary tract, intestines, brain and kidneys, leading to overactive immune responses, cancers, organ failure, infertility and even death. Developing countries in Africa, Asia and Latin America have the highest incidences of these diseases, while some endemic parasites have developed into worldwide epidemics through the global spread of snails. Physical, chemical and biological methods have been introduced to control the host snail populations to prevent disease. Conclusions In this review, we summarize the roles of snails in the life cycles of the parasites they host, the worldwide distribution of parasite-transmitting snails, the epidemiology and pathogenesis of snail-transmitted parasitic diseases, and the existing snail control measures, which will contribute to further understanding the snail-parasite relationship and new strategies for controlling snail-borne parasitic diseases. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s40249-018-0414-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ting Lu
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Qiu-Yun Gu
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yanin Limpanont
- Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Lan-Gui Song
- Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, China.,Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510080, China.,Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Biological Vector Control, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Zhong-Dao Wu
- Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, China.,Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510080, China.,Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Biological Vector Control, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Kamolnetr Okanurak
- Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Zhi-Yue Lv
- Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, China. .,Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510080, China. .,Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Biological Vector Control, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
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13
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Groenenberg DSJ, Harl J, Duijm E, Gittenberger E. The complete mitogenome of Orcula dolium (Draparnaud, 1801); ultra-deep sequencing from a single long-range PCR using the Ion-Torrent PGM. Hereditas 2017; 154:7. [PMID: 28396619 PMCID: PMC5379511 DOI: 10.1186/s41065-017-0028-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the increasing capacity of present-day next-generation sequencers the field of mitogenomics is rapidly changing. Enrichment of the mitochondrial fraction, is no longer necessary for obtaining mitogenomic data. Despite the benefits, shotgun sequencing approaches also have disadvantages. They do not guarantee obtaining the complete mitogenome, generally require larger amounts of input DNA and coverage is low compared to sequencing with enrichment strategies. If the mitogenome could be amplified in a single amplification, additional time and costs for sample preparation might outweigh these disadvantages. RESULTS A sequence of the complete mitochondrial genome of the pupilloid landsnail Orcula dolium is presented. The mitogenome was amplified in a single long-range (LR) PCR and sequenced on an Ion Torrent PGM (Life Technologies). The length is 14,063 nt and the average depth of coverage is 1112 X. This is the first published mitogenome for a member of the family Orculidae. It has the typical metazoan makeup of 13 protein coding genes (PCGs), 2 ribosomal RNAs (12S and 16S) and 22 transfer RNAs (tRNAs). Orcula is positioned between Pupilla and the Vertiginidae as the sister-group of Gastrocopta and Vertigo, together. An ancestral gene order reconstruction shows that Orthurethra in contrast to other Stylommatophora, have tRNA-H before tRNA-G and that the gene order in the 'non-achatinoid' clade is identical to that of closely related non-stylommatophoran taxa. CONCLUSIONS We show it is feasible to ultra-deep sequence a mitogenome from a single LR-PCR. This approach is particularly relevant to studies that have low concentrations of input DNA. It results in a more efficient use of NGS capacity (only the targeted fraction is sequenced) and is an effective selection against nuclear mitochondrial inserts (NUMTS). In contrast to previous studies based in particular on 28S, our results indicate that phylogeny reconstructions based on complete mitogenomes might be more suitable to resolve deep relationships within Stylommatophora. Ancestral gene order reconstructions reveal rearrangements that characterize systematic groups.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - J. Harl
- Central Research Laboratories, Museum of Natural History Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Biology, Shinshu University, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - E. Duijm
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center, P.O. Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - E. Gittenberger
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center, P.O. Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
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14
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Mu X, Yang Y, Liu Y, Luo D, Xu M, Wei H, Gu D, Song H, Hu Y. The complete mitochondrial genomes of two freshwater snails provide new protein-coding gene rearrangement models and phylogenetic implications. Parasit Vectors 2017; 10:11. [PMID: 28061879 PMCID: PMC5219674 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-016-1956-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondrial (mt) genome sequences are widely used for species identification and to study the phylogenetic relationships among Gastropoda. However, to date, limited data are available as taxon sampling is narrow. In this study we sequenced the complete mt genomes of the freshwater gastropods Radix swinhoei (Lymnaeidae) and Planorbarius corneus (Planorbidae). Based on these sequences, we investigated the gene rearrangement in these two species and the relationships with respect to the ancestral gene order and assessed their phylogenetic relationships. METHODS The complete mt genomes of R. swinhoei and P. corneus were sequenced using Illumina-based paired-end sequencing and annotated by comparing the sequence information with that of related gastropod species. Putative models of mitochondrial gene rearrangements were predicted for both R. swinhoei and P. corneus, using Reishia clavigera mtDNA structure as the ancestral gene order. The phylogenetic relationships were inferred using thirteen protein sequences based on Maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference analyses. RESULTS The complete circular mt genome sequences of R. swinhoei and P. corneus were 14,241 bp and 13,687 bp in length, respectively. Comparison of the gene order demonstrated complex rearrangement events in Gastropoda, both for tRNA genes and protein-coding genes. The phylogenetic analyses showed that the family Lymnaeidae was more closely related to the family Planorbidae, consistent with previous classification. Nevertheless, due to the position recovered for R. swinhoei, the family Lymnaeidae was not monophyletic. CONCLUSION This study provides the complete mt genomes of two freshwater snails, which will aid the development of useful molecular markers for epidemiological, ecological and phylogenetic studies. Additionally, the predicted models for mt gene rearrangement might provide novel insights into mt genome evolution in gastropods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xidong Mu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical&Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Xingyu Road1, Guangzhou, 510380 China
| | - Yexin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical&Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Xingyu Road1, Guangzhou, 510380 China
| | - Yi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical&Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Xingyu Road1, Guangzhou, 510380 China
| | - Du Luo
- Key Laboratory of Tropical&Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Xingyu Road1, Guangzhou, 510380 China
| | - Meng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical&Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Xingyu Road1, Guangzhou, 510380 China
| | - Hui Wei
- Key Laboratory of Tropical&Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Xingyu Road1, Guangzhou, 510380 China
| | - Dangen Gu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical&Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Xingyu Road1, Guangzhou, 510380 China
| | - Hongmei Song
- Key Laboratory of Tropical&Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Xingyu Road1, Guangzhou, 510380 China
| | - Yinchang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical&Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Xingyu Road1, Guangzhou, 510380 China
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15
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Yang X, Wang L, Feng H, Qi M, Zhang Z, Gao C, Wang C, Hu M, Fang R, Li C. Characterization of the complete mitochondrial genome sequence of Homalogaster paloniae (Gastrodiscidae, Trematoda) and comparative analyses with selected digeneans. Parasitol Res 2016; 115:3941-9. [PMID: 27300703 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-016-5160-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Gastrodiscidae species are neglected but significant paramphistomes in small ruminants, which can lead to considerable economic losses to the breeding industry of livestock. However, knowledge about molecular ecology, population genetics, and phylogenetic analysis is still limited. In the present study, we firstly sequenced and analyzed the full mitochondrial (mt) genome of Homalogaster paloniae (14,490 bp). The gene contents and organization of the H. paloniae mt genome is the same as that of other digeneans, such as Fasciola hepatica and Paramphistomum cervi. It is interesting that unlike other paramphistomes, H. paloniae is flat in shape which is similar with Fasciola, such as F. hepatica. Phylogenetic analysis of H. paloniae and other 17 selected digeneans using concatenated amino acid sequences of the 12 protein-coding genes showed that Gastrodiscidae is closely related to Paramphistomidae and Gastrothylacidae. The availability of the mt genome sequence of H. paloniae should provide an important foundation for further molecular study of Gastrodiscidae and other digeneans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Lixia Wang
- Hubei Provincial Center for Diseases Control and Prevention, Wuhan, 430079, Hubei, China
| | - Hanli Feng
- Hubei Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China
| | - Mingwei Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Zongze Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Chong Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Chunqun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Min Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Rui Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
| | - Chengye Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
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16
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Yang H, Zhang JE, Deng Z, Luo H, Guo J, He S, Luo M, Zhao B. The complete mitochondrial genome of the golden apple snail Pomacea canaliculata (Gastropoda: Ampullariidae). MITOCHONDRIAL DNA PART B-RESOURCES 2016; 1:45-47. [PMID: 33473402 PMCID: PMC7800459 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2015.1137816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
We present the complete mitochondrial genome of Cipangopaludina cathayensis in this study. The mitochondrial genome is 15 706 bp in length, containing 13 protein-coding genes, two rRNA genes and 22 tRNA genes. Overall nucleotide compositions of the light strand are 40.97% of A, 30.78% of T, 20.48% of C and 12.60% of G. Its gene arrangement and distribution are different from the typical vertebrates. The absence of D-loop is consistent with the Gastropoda, but, at least, one lengthy non-coding region is an essential regulatory element for the initiation of transcription and replication. A phylogenetic tree is constructed using the maximum-likelihood method based on the complete mitogenomes of the closely related 21 Gastropoda species to assess their actual phylogenetic relationship and evolution. The result provides fundamental data for resolving phylogenetic and genetic problems related to effective management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huirong Yang
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia-En Zhang
- Institute of Tropical and Subtropical Ecology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture P. R. China, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhixin Deng
- Institute of Tropical and Subtropical Ecology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao Luo
- Institute of Tropical and Subtropical Ecology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Guo
- Institute of Tropical and Subtropical Ecology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Simei He
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingzhu Luo
- Institute of Tropical and Subtropical Ecology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Benliang Zhao
- Institute of Tropical and Subtropical Ecology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture P. R. China, Guangzhou, China
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17
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Sevigny JL, Kirouac LE, Thomas WK, Ramsdell JS, Lawlor KE, Sharifi O, Grewal S, Baysdorfer C, Curr K, Naimie AA, Okamoto K, Murray JA, Newcomb JM. The Mitochondrial Genomes of the Nudibranch Mollusks, Melibe leonina and Tritonia diomedea, and Their Impact on Gastropod Phylogeny. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0127519. [PMID: 25996944 PMCID: PMC4440745 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0127519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Accepted: 04/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The phylogenetic relationships among certain groups of gastropods have remained unresolved in recent studies, especially in the diverse subclass Opisthobranchia, where nudibranchs have been poorly represented. Here we present the complete mitochondrial genomes of Melibe leonina and Tritonia diomedea (more recently named T. tetraquetra), two nudibranchs from the unrepresented Cladobranchia group, and report on the resulting phylogenetic analyses. Both genomes coded for the typical thirteen protein-coding genes, twenty-two transfer RNAs, and two ribosomal RNAs seen in other species. The twelve-nucleotide deletion previously reported for the cytochrome oxidase 1 gene in several other Melibe species was further clarified as three separate deletion events. These deletions were not present in any opisthobranchs examined in our study, including the newly sequenced M. leonina or T. diomedea, suggesting that these previously reported deletions may represent more recently divergent taxa. Analysis of the secondary structures for all twenty-two tRNAs of both M. leonina and T. diomedea indicated truncated d arms for the two serine tRNAs, as seen in some other heterobranchs. In addition, the serine 1 tRNA in T. diomedea contained an anticodon not yet reported in any other gastropod. For phylogenetic analysis, we used the thirteen protein-coding genes from the mitochondrial genomes of M. leonina, T. diomedea, and seventy-one other gastropods. Phylogenetic analyses were performed for both the class Gastropoda and the subclass Opisthobranchia. Both Bayesian and maximum likelihood analyses resulted in similar tree topologies. In the Opisthobranchia, the five orders represented in our study were monophyletic (Anaspidea, Cephalaspidea, Notaspidea, Nudibranchia, Sacoglossa). In Gastropoda, two of the three traditional subclasses, Opisthobranchia and Pulmonata, were not monophyletic. In contrast, four of the more recently named gastropod clades (Vetigastropoda, Neritimorpha, Caenogastropoda, and Heterobranchia) were all monophyletic, and thus appear to be better classifications for this diverse group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph L. Sevigny
- Department of Biology and Health Science, New England College, Henniker, New Hampshire, United States of America
| | - Lauren E. Kirouac
- Department of Biology and Health Science, New England College, Henniker, New Hampshire, United States of America
| | - William Kelley Thomas
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire, United States of America
| | - Jordan S. Ramsdell
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire, United States of America
| | - Kayla E. Lawlor
- Department of Biology and Health Science, New England College, Henniker, New Hampshire, United States of America
| | - Osman Sharifi
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University, East Bay, Hayward, California, United States of America
| | - Simarvir Grewal
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University, East Bay, Hayward, California, United States of America
| | - Christopher Baysdorfer
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University, East Bay, Hayward, California, United States of America
| | - Kenneth Curr
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University, East Bay, Hayward, California, United States of America
| | - Amanda A. Naimie
- Department of Biology and Health Science, New England College, Henniker, New Hampshire, United States of America
| | - Kazufusa Okamoto
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire, United States of America
| | - James A. Murray
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University, East Bay, Hayward, California, United States of America
| | - James M. Newcomb
- Department of Biology and Health Science, New England College, Henniker, New Hampshire, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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18
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Wang P, Yang HF, Zhou WC, Hwang CC, Zhang WH, Qian ZX. The mitochondrial genome of the land snail Camaenacicatricosa (Müller, 1774) (Stylommatophora, Camaenidae): the first complete sequence in the family Camaenidae. Zookeys 2014; 451:33-48. [PMID: 25493046 PMCID: PMC4258619 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.451.8537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 10/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The complete mitochondrial (mt) genome of the snail Camaenacicatricosa (Müller, 1774) has been sequenced and annotated in this study. The entire circular genome is 13,843 bp in size and represents the first camaenid mt genome, with content of 31.9%A, 37.9%T, 13.5%C and 16.7%G. Gene content, codon usage and base organization show similarity to a great extent to the sequenced mt genome from Stylommatophora, whereas, gene order is different from them, especially the positions of tRNA(Cys) , tRNA(Phe) , COII, tRNA(Asp) , tRNA(Gly) , tRNA(His) and tRNA(Trp) . All protein coding genes use standard initiation codons ATN except for COII with GTG as start signal. Conventional stop codons TAA and TAG have been assigned to all protein coding genes. All tRNA genes possess the typical clover leaf structure, but the TψC arm of tRNA(Asp) and dihydrouridine arm of tRNA(Ser(AGN)) only form a simple loop. Shorter intergenic spacers have been found in this mt genome. Phylogenetic study based on protein coding genes shows close relationship of Camaenidae and Bradybaenidae. The presented phylogeny is consistent with the monophyly of Stylommatophora.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molluscan Quarantine and Identification of AQSIQ, Fujian Entry-Exit Inspection & Quarantine Bureau, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, China
| | - Hai-Fan Yang
- National Wetland Museum of China, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310013, China
| | - Wei-Chuan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Molluscan Quarantine and Identification of AQSIQ, Fujian Entry-Exit Inspection & Quarantine Bureau, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, China
| | - Chung-Chi Hwang
- Department of Life Sciences, National University of Kaohsiung, No.700, Kaohsiung University Road, Nan-Tzu District, Kaohsiung 81148, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hong Zhang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830046, China
| | - Zhou-Xing Qian
- Zhejiang Museum of Natural History, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
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19
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Yang H, Zhang JE, Luo H, Luo M, Guo J, Deng Z, Zhao B. The complete mitochondrial genome of the mudsnail Cipangopaludina cathayensis (Gastropoda: Viviparidae). Mitochondrial DNA A DNA Mapp Seq Anal 2014; 27:1892-4. [PMID: 25319293 DOI: 10.3109/19401736.2014.971274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
We present the complete mitochondrial genome of Cipangopaludina cathayensis in this study. The mitochondrial genome is 17,157 bp in length, containing 13 protein-coding genes, 2 rRNA genes, 22 tRNA genes. All of them are encoded on the heavy strand except 7 tRNA genes on the light strand. Overall nucleotide compositions of the light strand are 44.51% of A, 26.74% of T, 20.48% of C and 8.28% of G. All the protein-coding genes start with ATG initiation codon except ATP6 with ATA and ND4 with TTG, and 2 types of termination codons are TAA (ATP6, ND2, COX1, COX2, ATP8, ND1, ND6, Cytb, COX3, ND4) and TAG (ND4L, ND5, ND3). There are 29 intergenic spacers and 5 gene overlaps. The tandem repeat sequences are observed in COX2, tRNA(Asp), ATP6, tRNA(Cys), S-rRNA, ND1, Cytb, ND4 and COX3 genes. Gene arrangement and distribution are different from the typical vertebrates. The absence of D-loop is consistent with the Gastropoda, but at least one lengthy non-coding region is essential regulatory element for the initiation of transcription and replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huirong Yang
- a College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Jia-En Zhang
- b Institute of Tropical and Subtropical Ecology, South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou , China , and.,c Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics , Ministry of Agriculture , Guangzhou , China
| | - Hao Luo
- b Institute of Tropical and Subtropical Ecology, South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou , China , and
| | - Mingzhu Luo
- b Institute of Tropical and Subtropical Ecology, South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou , China , and
| | - Jing Guo
- b Institute of Tropical and Subtropical Ecology, South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou , China , and
| | - Zhixin Deng
- b Institute of Tropical and Subtropical Ecology, South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou , China , and
| | - Benliang Zhao
- b Institute of Tropical and Subtropical Ecology, South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou , China , and.,c Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics , Ministry of Agriculture , Guangzhou , China
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Sun L, Zhuo K, Lin B, Wang H, Liao J. The complete mitochondrial genome of Meloidogyne graminicola (Tylenchina): a unique gene arrangement and its phylogenetic implications. PLoS One 2014; 9:e98558. [PMID: 24892428 PMCID: PMC4043755 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0098558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 05/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Meloidogyne graminicola is one of the most economically important plant parasitic-nematodes (PPNs). In the present study, we determined the complete mitochondrial (mt) DNA genome sequence of this plant pathogen. Compared with other PPNs genera, this genome (19,589 bp) is only slightly smaller than that of Pratylenchus vulnus (21,656 bp). The nucleotide composition of the whole mtDNA sequence of M. graminicola is significantly biased toward A and T, with T being the most favored nucleotide and C being the least favored. The A+T content of the entire genome is 83.51%. The mt genome of M. graminicola contains 36 genes (lacking atp8) that are transcribed in the same direction. The gene arrangement of the mt genome of M. graminicola is unique. A total of 21 out of 22 tRNAs possess a DHU loop only, while tRNASer(AGN) lacks a DHU loop. The two large noncoding regions (2,031 bp and 5,063 bp) are disrupted by tRNASer(UCN). Phylogenetic analysis based on concatenated amino acid sequences of 12 protein-coding genes support the monophylies of the three orders Rhabditida, Mermithida and Trichinellida, the suborder Rhabditina and the three infraorders Spiruromorpha, Oxyuridomorpha and Ascaridomorpha, but do not support the monophylies of the two suborders Spirurina and Tylenchina, and the three infraorders Rhabditomorpha, Panagrolaimomorpha and Tylenchomorpha. The four Tylenchomorpha species including M. graminicola, P. vulnus, H. glycines and R. similis from the superfamily Tylenchoidea are placed within a well-supported monophyletic clade, but far from the other two Tylenchomorpha species B. xylophilus and B. mucronatus of Aphelenchoidea. In the clade of Tylenchoidea, M. graminicola is sister to P. vulnus, and H. glycines is sister to R. similis, which suggests root-knot nematodes has a closer relationship to Pratylenchidae nematodes than to cyst nematodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longhua Sun
- Laboratory of Plant Nematology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kan Zhuo
- Laboratory of Plant Nematology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Borong Lin
- Laboratory of Plant Nematology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Honghong Wang
- Laboratory of Plant Nematology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinling Liao
- Laboratory of Plant Nematology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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Nolan JR, Bergthorsson U, Adema CM. Physella acuta: atypical mitochondrial gene order among panpulmonates (Gastropoda). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 80:388-399. [PMID: 25368439 PMCID: PMC4214460 DOI: 10.1093/mollus/eyu025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2013] [Accepted: 03/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial (mt) sequences are frequently used for phylogenetic reconstruction and for identification of species of molluscs. This study expands the phylogenetic range of Hygrophila (Panpulmonata) for which such sequence data are available by characterizing the full mt genome of the invasive freshwater snail Physella acuta (Physidae). The mt genome sequences of two P. acuta isolates from Stubblefield Lake, New Mexico, USA, differed in length (14,490 vs 14,314 bp) and showed 11.49% sequence divergence, whereas ITS1 and ITS2 sequences from the nuclear genome differed by 1.75%. The mt gene order of P. acuta (cox1, P, nad6, nad5, nad1, D, F, cox2, Y, W, nad4L, C, Q, atp6, R, E, rrnS, M, T, cox3, I, nad2, K, V, rrnL, L1, A, cytb, G, H, L2, atp8, N, nad2, S1, S2, nad4) differs considerably from the relatively conserved gene order within Panpulmonata. Phylogenetic trees show that the 13 protein-encoding mt gene sequences (equivalent codons) of P. acuta group according to gastropod phylogeny, yet branch lengths and dN/dS ratios for P. acuta indicate elevated amino acid substitutions relative to other gastropods. This study indicates that mt sequences of P. acuta are phylogenetically informative despite a considerable intraspecific divergence and the atypical gene order in its mt genome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Journey R Nolan
- Center for Evolutionary and Theoretical Immunology (CETI), Department of Biology MSC03 2020 , University of New Mexico , 1 University Blvd NE, Albuquerque, NM 87131 , USA
| | - Ulfar Bergthorsson
- Center for Evolutionary and Theoretical Immunology (CETI), Department of Biology MSC03 2020 , University of New Mexico , 1 University Blvd NE, Albuquerque, NM 87131 , USA
| | - Coen M Adema
- Center for Evolutionary and Theoretical Immunology (CETI), Department of Biology MSC03 2020 , University of New Mexico , 1 University Blvd NE, Albuquerque, NM 87131 , USA
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22
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Arquez M, Colgan D, Castro LR. Sequence and comparison of mitochondrial genomes in the genus Nerita (Gastropoda: Neritimorpha: Neritidae) and phylogenetic considerations among gastropods. Mar Genomics 2014; 15:45-54. [PMID: 24798873 DOI: 10.1016/j.margen.2014.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2014] [Revised: 04/17/2014] [Accepted: 04/22/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we determined the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequence of three Neritas, Nerita versicolor, Nerita tessellata, and Nerita fulgurans. We present an analysis of the features of their gene content and genome organization and compare these within the genus Nerita, and among the main gastropod groups. The new sequences were used in a phylogenetic analysis including all available gastropod mitochondrial genomes. Genomic lengths were quite conserved, being 15,866bp for N. versicolor, 15,741bp for N. tessellata and 15,343bp for N. fulgurans. Intergenic regions were generally short; genes are transcribed from both strands and have a nucleotide composition high in A and T. The high similarity in nucleotide content of the different sequences, gene composition, as well as an identical genomic organization among the Nerita species compared in this study, indicates a high degree of conservation within this diverse genus. Values of Ka/Ks of the 13 protein coding genes (PCGs) of Nerita species ranged from 0 to 0.18, and suggested different selection pressures in gene sequences. Bayesian phylogenetic analyses using concatenated DNA sequences of the 13 PCGs and the two rRNAs, and of amino acid sequences strongly supported Neritimorpha and Vetigastropoda as sister groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moises Arquez
- Grupo de Investigación en Evolución, Sistemática y Ecología Molecular, Universidad del Magdalena, Santa Marta, Colombia.
| | - Donald Colgan
- The Australian Museum, 6 College Street, Sydney 2010, Australia.
| | - Lyda R Castro
- Grupo de Investigación en Evolución, Sistemática y Ecología Molecular, Universidad del Magdalena, Santa Marta, Colombia.
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Liu GH, Gasser RB, Young ND, Song HQ, Ai L, Zhu XQ. Complete mitochondrial genomes of the 'intermediate form' of Fasciola and Fasciola gigantica, and their comparison with F. hepatica. Parasit Vectors 2014; 7:150. [PMID: 24685294 PMCID: PMC3997819 DOI: 10.1186/1756-3305-7-150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2014] [Accepted: 03/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Fascioliasis is an important and neglected disease of humans and other mammals, caused by trematodes of the genus Fasciola. Fasciola hepatica and F. gigantica are valid species that infect humans and animals, but the specific status of Fasciola sp. (‘intermediate form’) is unclear. Methods Single specimens inferred to represent Fasciola sp. (‘intermediate form’; Heilongjiang) and F. gigantica (Guangxi) from China were genetically identified and characterized using PCR-based sequencing of the first and second internal transcribed spacer regions of nuclear ribosomal DNA. The complete mitochondrial (mt) genomes of these representative specimens were then sequenced. The relationships of these specimens with selected members of the Trematoda were assessed by phylogenetic analysis of concatenated amino acid sequence datasets by Bayesian inference (BI). Results The complete mt genomes of representatives of Fasciola sp. and F. gigantica were 14,453 bp and 14,478 bp in size, respectively. Both mt genomes contain 12 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA genes and two ribosomal RNA genes, but lack an atp8 gene. All protein-coding genes are transcribed in the same direction, and the gene order in both mt genomes is the same as that published for F. hepatica. Phylogenetic analysis of the concatenated amino acid sequence data for all 12 protein-coding genes showed that the specimen of Fasciola sp. was more closely related to F. gigantica than to F. hepatica. Conclusions The mt genomes characterized here provide a rich source of markers, which can be used in combination with nuclear markers and imaging techniques, for future comparative studies of the biology of Fasciola sp. from China and other countries.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Robin B Gasser
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, PR China.
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24
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Gao JF, Zhao Q, Liu GH, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Wang WT, Chang QC, Wang CR, Zhu XQ. Comparative analyses of the complete mitochondrial genomes of the two ruminant hookworms Bunostomum trigonocephalum and Bunostomum phlebotomum. Gene 2014; 541:92-100. [PMID: 24625354 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2014.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2013] [Revised: 02/04/2014] [Accepted: 03/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Bunostomum trigonocephalum and Bunostomum phlebotomum are blood-feeding hookworms of sheep and cattle, causing considerable economic losses to the live stock industries. Studying genetic variability within and among hookworm populations is critical to addressing epidemiological and ecological questions. Mitochondrial (mt) DNA is known to provide useful markers for investigations of population genetics of hookworms, but mt genome sequence data are scant. In the present study, the complete mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequences of the sheep and goat hookworm B. trigonocephalum were determined for the first time, and the mt genome of B. phlebotomum from yak in China was also sequenced for comparative analyses of their gene contents and genome organizations. The lengths of mt DNA sequences of B. trigonocephalum sheep isolate, B. trigonocephalum goat isolate and B. phlebotomum China yak isolate were 13,764bp, 13,771bp and 13,803bp in size, respectively. The identity of the mt genomes was 99.7% between B. trigonocephalum sheep isolate and B. trigonocephalum goat isolate. The identity of B. phlebotomum China yak isolate mt genomes was 85.3% with B. trigonocephalum sheep isolate, and 85.2% with B. trigonocephalum goat isolate. All the mt genes of the two hookworms were transcribed in the same direction and gene arrangements were consistent with those of the GA3 type, including 12 protein-coding genes, 2 rRNA genes and 22 tRNA genes, but lacking ATP synthetase subunit 8 gene. The mt genomes of B. trigonocephalum and B. phlebotomum were similar to prefer bases A and T, the contents of A+T are 76.5% (sheep isolate), 76.4% (goat isolate) and 76.9% (China yak isolate), respectively. Phylogenetic relationships reconstructed using concatenated amino acid sequences of 12 protein-coding genes with three methods (maximum likelihood, Bayesian inference and neighbor joining) revealed that the B. trigonocephalum and B. phlebotomum represent distinct but closely-related species. These data provide novel and useful genetic markers for studying the systematics, and population genetics of the two ruminant hookworms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Feng Gao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province 163319, PR China; Department of Parasitology, Heilongjiang Institute of Veterinary Science, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang Province 161006, PR China
| | - Quan Zhao
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130118, PR China
| | - Guo-Hua Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410128, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730046, PR China
| | - Yan Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province 163319, PR China
| | - Ying Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province 163319, PR China
| | - Wen-Tao Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province 163319, PR China
| | - Qiao-Cheng Chang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province 163319, PR China
| | - Chun-Ren Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province 163319, PR China; Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130118, PR China.
| | - Xing-Quan Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province 163319, PR China; Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130118, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730046, PR China.
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25
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Cheng R, Zheng X, Ma Y, Li Q. The complete mitochondrial genomes of two octopods Cistopus chinensis and Cistopus taiwanicus: revealing the phylogenetic position of the genus Cistopus within the order Octopoda. PLoS One 2013; 8:e84216. [PMID: 24358345 PMCID: PMC3866134 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0084216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2013] [Accepted: 11/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we determined the complete mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequences of two species of Cistopus, namely C. chinensis and C. taiwanicus, and conducted a comparative mt genome analysis across the class Cephalopoda. The mtDNA length of C. chinensis and C. taiwanicus are 15706 and 15793 nucleotides with an AT content of 76.21% and 76.5%, respectively. The sequence identity of mtDNA between C. chinensis and C. taiwanicus was 88%, suggesting a close relationship. Compared with C. taiwanicus and other octopods, C. chinensis encoded two additional tRNA genes, showing a novel gene arrangement. In addition, an unusual 23 poly (A) signal structure is found in the ATP8 coding region of C. chinensis. The entire genome and each protein coding gene of the two Cistopus species displayed notable levels of AT and GC skews. Based on sliding window analysis among Octopodiformes, ND1 and DN5 were considered to be more reliable molecular beacons. Phylogenetic analyses based on the 13 protein-coding genes revealed that C. chinensis and C. taiwanicus form a monophyletic group with high statistical support, consistent with previous studies based on morphological characteristics. Our results also indicated that the phylogenetic position of the genus Cistopus is closer to Octopus than to Amphioctopus and Callistoctopus. The complete mtDNA sequence of C. chinensis and C. taiwanicus represent the first whole mt genomes in the genus Cistopus. These novel mtDNA data will be important in refining the phylogenetic relationships within Octopodiformes and enriching the resource of markers for systematic, population genetic and evolutionary biological studies of Cephalopoda.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubin Cheng
- Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaodong Zheng
- Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- Institute of Evolution and Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Yuanyuan Ma
- Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Qi Li
- Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
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The complete mitochondrial genomes of Oesophagostomum asperum and Oesophagostomum columbianum in small ruminants. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2013; 19:205-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2013.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2013] [Revised: 06/11/2013] [Accepted: 07/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Liu GH, Gasser RB, Nejsum P, Wang Y, Chen Q, Song HQ, Zhu XQ. Mitochondrial and nuclear ribosomal DNA evidence supports the existence of a new Trichuris species in the endangered françois' leaf-monkey. PLoS One 2013; 8:e66249. [PMID: 23840431 PMCID: PMC3688784 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0066249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2013] [Accepted: 05/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The whipworm of humans, Trichuris trichiura, is responsible for a neglected tropical disease (NTD) of major importance in tropical and subtropical countries of the world. Whipworms also infect animal hosts, including pigs, dogs and non-human primates, cause clinical disease (trichuriasis) similar to that of humans. Although Trichuris species are usually considered to be host specific, it is not clear whether non-human primates are infected with T. trichiura or other species. In the present study, we sequenced the complete mitochondrial (mt) genome as well as the first and second internal transcribed spacers (ITS-1 and ITS-2) of Trichuris from the François’ leaf-monkey (langur), and compared them with homologous sequences from human- and pig-derived Trichuris. In addition, sequence comparison of a conserved mt ribosomal gene among multiple individual whipworms revealed substantial nucleotide differences among these three host species but limited sequence variation within each of them. The molecular data indicate that the monkey-derived whipworm is a separate species from that of humans. Future work should focus on detailed population genetic and morphological studies (by electron microscopy) of whipworms from various non-humans primates and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Hua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, People’s Republic of China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Robin B. Gasser
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- * E-mail: (RBG); (XQZ)
| | - Peter Nejsum
- Departments of Veterinary Disease Biology and Basic Animal and Veterinary Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiang Chen
- Guangzhou ZhongDa Medical Equipment Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui-Qun Song
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xing-Quan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, People’s Republic of China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan Province, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail: (RBG); (XQZ)
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Liu GH, Chen F, Chen YZ, Song HQ, Lin RQ, Zhou DH, Zhu XQ. Complete mitochondrial genome sequence data provides genetic evidence that the brown dog tick Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Acari: Ixodidae) represents a species complex. Int J Biol Sci 2013; 9:361-9. [PMID: 23630448 PMCID: PMC3638291 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.6081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2013] [Accepted: 04/16/2013] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Ticks are blood-sucking ectoparasites of great medical and veterinary significance that can transmit bacteria, protozoa, fungi and viruses, and cause a variety of human and animal diseases worldwide. In the present study, we sequenced the complete mitochondrial (mt) genome of Rhipicephalus sanguineus from China (RSC) and compared with that of R. sanguineus from USA (RSU). Nucleotide sequence difference in the full mt genome was 11.23% between RSC and RSU. For the 13 protein-coding genes, comparison revealed sequence divergences at both the nucleotide (9.34-15.65%) and amino acid (2.54-19.23%) levels between RSC and RSU. In addition, sequence comparison of the conserved mt cox1 and cytb genes among multiple individual R. sanguineus revealed substantial nucleotide differences between RSC and RSU but limited sequence variation within RSC. Phylogenetic analysis of ticks based on the amino acid sequence data of 13 protein-coding genes revealed that R. sanguineus from China and R. sanguineus from USA represent sister taxa (likely separate species). Taken together, the findings support the recently proposal that R. sanguineus tick may represents a species complex of at least two closely related species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Hua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
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29
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Liu GH, Wang Y, Song HQ, Li MW, Ai L, Yu XL, Zhu XQ. Characterization of the complete mitochondrial genome of Spirocerca lupi: sequence, gene organization and phylogenetic implications. Parasit Vectors 2013; 6:45. [PMID: 23433345 PMCID: PMC3606334 DOI: 10.1186/1756-3305-6-45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2013] [Accepted: 02/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Spirocerca lupi is a life-threating parasitic nematode of dogs that has a cosmopolitan distribution but is most prevalent in tropical and subtropical countries. Despite its veterinary importance in canids, the epidemiology, molecular ecology and population genetics of this parasite still remain unexplored. Methods The complete mitochondrial (mt) genome of S. lupi was amplified in four overlapping long fragments using primers designed based on partial cox1, rrnS, cox2 and nad2 sequences. Phylogenetic re-construction of 13 spirurid species (including S. lupi) was carried out using Bayesian inference (BI) based on concatenated amino acid sequence datasets. Results The complete mt genome sequence of S. lupi is 13,780 bp in length, including 12 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA genes and two ribosomal RNA genes, but lacks the atp8 gene. The gene arrangement is identical to that of Thelazia callipaeda (Thelaziidae) and Setaria digitata (Onchocercidae), but distinct from that of Dracunculus medinensis (Dracunculidae) and Heliconema longissimum (Physalopteridae). All genes are transcribed in the same direction and have a nucleotide composition high in A and T. The content of A + T is 73.73% for S. lupi, in accordance with mt genomes of other spirurid nematodes sequenced to date. Phylogenetic analyses using concatenated amino acid sequences of the 12 protein-coding genes by BI showed that the S. lupi (Thelaziidae) is closely related to the families Setariidae and Onchocercidae. Conclusions The present study determined the complete mt genome sequence of S. lupi. These new mt genome dataset should provide novel mtDNA markers for studying the molecular epidemiology and population genetics of this parasite, and should have implications for the molecular diagnosis, prevention and control of spirocercosis in dogs and other canids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Hua Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410128, China
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30
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Liu GH, Gasser RB, Otranto D, Xu MJ, Shen JL, Mohandas N, Zhou DH, Zhu XQ. Mitochondrial genome of the eyeworm, Thelazia callipaeda (Nematoda: Spirurida), as the first representative from the family Thelaziidae. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2013; 7:e2029. [PMID: 23383353 PMCID: PMC3561134 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0002029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2012] [Accepted: 12/07/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Human thelaziosis is an underestimated parasitic disease caused by Thelazia species (Spirurida: Thelaziidae). The oriental eyeworm, Thelazia callipaeda, infects a range of mammalian definitive hosts, including canids, felids and humans. Although this zoonotic parasite is of socio-economic significance in Asian countries, its genetics, epidemiology and biology are poorly understood. Mitochondrial (mt) DNA is known to provide useful genetic markers to underpin fundamental investigations, but no mt genome had been characterized for any members of the family Thelaziidae. In the present study, we sequenced and characterized the mt genome of T. callipaeda. This AT-rich (74.6%) mt genome (13,668 bp) is circular and contains 12 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA genes and two ribosomal RNA genes, but lacks an atp8 gene. All protein-coding genes are transcribed in the same direction; the gene order is the same as those of Dirofilaria immitis and Setaria digitata (Onchocercidae), but distinct from Dracunculus medinensis (Dracunculidae) and Heliconema longissimum (Physalopteridae). Phylogenetic analyses of the concatenated amino acid sequence data for all 12 protein-coding genes by Bayesian inference (BI) showed that T. callipaeda (Thelaziidae) is related to the family Onchocercidae. This is the first mt genome of any member of the family Thelaziidae and should represent a new source of genetic markers for studying the epidemiology, ecology, population genetics and systematics of this parasite of humans and other mammals. Human thelaziosis is an underestimated parasitic disease caused by the eyeworm Thelazia callipaeda (Spirurida: Thelaziidae). Although this parasite is of significance in humans in many Asian countries, its genetics, epidemiology and biology are poorly understood. Mitochondrial (mt) DNA can provide useful genetic markers for fundamental investigations, but no mt genome had been characterized for any members of the family Thelaziidae. In this study, we sequenced and characterized the mt genome of T. callipaeda. This circular mt genome is 13,668 bp long and contains 12 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA genes and two ribosomal RNA genes, but lacks an atp8 gene. Phylogenetic analyses of the concatenated amino acid sequence data for all 12 protein-coding genes by Bayesian inference showed that T. callipaeda is closely related to the family Onchocercidae, consistent with previous study. This is the first mt genome of any member of the family Thelaziidae, and represents a new source of genetic markers for studies of the epidemiology, ecology, population genetics and systematics of this parasite of human and animal health significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Hua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, PR China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Robin B. Gasser
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- * E-mail: (RBG); (XQZ)
| | - Domenico Otranto
- Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica e Zootecnia, Università degli Studi di Bari, Valenzano, Bari, Italy
| | - Min-Jun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, PR China
| | - Ji-Long Shen
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Namitha Mohandas
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Dong-Hui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, PR China
| | - Xing-Quan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, PR China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan Province, PR China
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, PR China
- * E-mail: (RBG); (XQZ)
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